220:
17:
619:
605:
186:
The
Leipzig merchant bourgeoisie was active in promoting art and culture, but above all with a focus on music. This led to the establishment of internationally important high culture institutions, which in turn attracted engagements from well-known music stars of their time. These included, for
314:
led to bourgeois forces from the circles of Saxon wholesalers and manufacturing entrepreneurs being called upon to help shape Saxony's future politics and economic management. The
Restoration Commission, headed by Privy Councillor Thomas von Fritsch, who had come from the Leipzig merchant
147:
companies, they controlled the social and economic flows in the Saxon state to a large extent, both factually and informally. Thanks to their excellent international network, all of their activities also had an impact abroad. They also used their family networks across sectors.
211:, who at least temporarily worked in the wealthy trade fair city. The patrons wanted to raise the reputation of their city. This form of behavior of financial generosity for the Leipzig community was taken for granted in the upper circles.
235:
and princely tutelage, equipped with trade fair privileges, located at an internationally important crossroads of Via Regia and Via
Imperii, the Leipzig merchant bourgeoisie grew up, which took advantage of this favorable starting point.
63:
and existed as a prominent social class from around the middle of the 16th century until its dissolution in 1945. The merchant bourgeoisie owed its rise to the city's location at the intersection of two important trade routes -
322:(Leipzig Economic Society) took place during the years of the Electorate of Saxony's reestablishment. The initiator of this society was Peter von Hohenthal, who came from the Leipzig merchant bourgeoisie.
381:
Leipziger Presse 1789 bis 1815. Eine Studie zu
Entwicklungstendenzen und Kommunikationsbedingungen des Zeitungs- und Zeitschriftenwesens zwischen Französischer Revolution und den Befreiungskriegen
277:, found an important economic foundation for his ambitious political goals in the Leipzig merchant class. This created reliable partnerships by granting loans in Eastern Europe.
112:
and the richest
Leipzig families. The educated class of the entire bourgeois upper class also included the officials of the state administration, doctors, priests, officers, and
280:
In 1678 the Alte
Handelsbörse (Leipzig Stock Exchange) was founded. In 1699 the first bank in Leipzig and Saxony, the Banco di Depositi, was founded.
306:
The Saxon upper middle class, whose economic development was hampered in the second quarter of the 18th century by financial mismanagement in the
461:. Schriftenreihe der Vereinigung zur Erfoschung der Neueren Geschichte (in German). Vol. 23. MĂĽnster: Aschendorff Verlag. p. 48.
258:
The influences and effects on Saxony began in the Middle Ages and continued until the end of the existence of the
Leipzig social class.
80:. The dissolution of the urban social class took place through overarching transformation processes with the aim of establishing a
270:
preachers and a minority of intellectuals who - like the chancellor himself - mostly came from the
Leipzig merchant bourgeoisie.
466:
413:
139:
and thus lobbyists for important
Leipzig financial institutions such as the Leipzig Bank, trading establishments such as the
104:, publishers, and in a broader sense also large landowners. In addition, there was the elite of academic teachers, primarily
76:
and to the imperial trade fair privilege of 1497 (Reichsmesseprivileg), which elevated the city to the status of an imperial
640:
408:. Schriftenreihe zur Zeitschrift fĂĽr Unternehmensgeschichte (in German). Vol. 18. MĂĽnchen: Beck Verlag. p. 68.
486:. Literatur – Sprache – Region / Beiträge zur Kulturgeographie (in German). Vol. 1. Peter Lang Verlag. p. 76.
406:
Familienunternehmen und
Unternehmerfamilien. Zur Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte der sächsischen Unternehmer 1850-1940
96:
The Leipzig merchant bourgeoisie represented the largest group of the entire Leipzig upper class. These were merchants,
340:
belonged to the Leipzig merchant bourgeoisie. Most of them were involved in one way or another in the beginning of the
491:
388:
655:
156:
The exemplary forms of action included, among others, investments, speculations, purchases, sales, aid, donations,
310:, was unable to exert any significant political influence at that time. However, the crisis in Saxony after the
356:
56:
593:
Der bayerische Bahnhof in Leipzig: Entstehung, Entwicklung und Zukunft des ältesten Kopfbahnhofs der Welt.
266:
revolution in Saxony but failed. His power base was limited to the trust of the Elector, a small group of
645:
348:
196:
239:
In the 16th century, Leipzig's merchant bourgeoisie made a decisive contribution to the development of
183:. The most important platform remained the Leipzig Trade Fair until the socialist upheaval after 1945.
523:
283:
The basic features of the political interests were always the same. Trade should not be hindered by
175:
was also within the sphere of influence of the Leipzig merchant bourgeoisie. This also includes the
325:
The Leipzig merchant bourgeoisie, whose trade depended on the Elector's favor, was hostile to the
119:
The class was highly cohesive and had strong family networks. As leading representatives of their
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224:
25:
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192:
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188:
307:
650:
124:
108:, who belonged to the bourgeois upper class. Both groups were closely allied with the city
140:
21:
8:
311:
136:
507:
Handelsbeziehungen zwischen Sachsen und Italien 1740–1874: eine Quellenveröffentlichung.
441:
Handelsbeziehungen zwischen Sachsen und Italien 1740–1874: eine Quellenveröffentlichung.
337:
77:
487:
462:
409:
384:
347:
Leipzig's merchants invested primarily in the infrastructure sector. By building the
326:
240:
176:
128:
101:
97:
219:
363:, there was a much closer cooperation between the state and Leipzig's merchants.
296:
267:
204:
200:
171:
Civic institutions also included the press and the book industry. The shaping of
36:
227:(sitting with Mayor Otto Koch at the round table in the background, around 1858)
610:
575:
484:
Stätten deutscher Literatur: Studien zur literarischen Zentrenbildung 1750-1815
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259:
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634:
624:
292:
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144:
252:
120:
113:
85:
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383:(in German). MĂĽnster / Hamburg / Berlin / London: LIT Verlag. p. 74.
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counterparts under pressure, who in turn developed a vital interest in a
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60:
44:
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180:
109:
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in Saxony, especially in the field of textile production. Leipzig's
291:. Major merchants should have complete freedom in organizing their
244:
262:, chancellor at the end of the 16th century, tried to carry out a
143:(Old Stock Exchange) and later the New Stock Exchange, as well as
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should ensure the free development of Saxon trade and enable the
284:
52:
48:
132:
300:
73:
554:
Band 8, Institut fĂĽr Deutsche Geschichte, 1979, S. 48.
359:
to Leipzig. During the preparation and construction of the
595:
Transpress VEB Verlag fĂĽr Verkehrswesen, 1985, S. 12.
247:
also made a profit by acquiring shares in mining in the
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bourgeoisie, was commissioned to draw up reform plans.
580:
Wirtschaftsgeschichte Sachsens im Industriezeitalter.
600:
336:, Gustav Moritz ClauĂź, Adolf Heinrich Schletter and
522:Gerd-Helge Vogel, Hermann A. Vogel von Vogelstein,
131:, they shaped and influenced almost all social and
632:
43:) refers to a historical social subgroup of the
552:Jahrbuch Des Instituts FĂĽr Deutsche Geschichte.
459:Kursachsen und der Böhmische Aufstand 1618-1622
164:that were typical for representatives of the
542:Band 2, Akademie-Verlag, 1978, S. 359.
481:
566:Band 26, W. Kohlhammer, 1999, S. 87.
511:Schriftenreihe des Staatsarchivs Dresden.
445:Schriftenreihe des Staatsarchivs Dresden.
431:Band 26, W. Kohlhammer, 1999, S. 98.
223:Carl Lampe in the council chamber of the
151:
540:Jahrbuch fĂĽr Geschichte des Feudalismus.
218:
15:
403:
633:
513:Band 9). H. Böhlaus, 1974, S. 50.
456:
447:Band 9). H. Böhlaus, 1974, S. 18.
116:. A mixing of the classes took place.
135:of their time. As representatives of
378:
351:, Leipzig's merchants had put their
13:
582:Edition Leipzig, 2006, S. 40.
14:
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617:
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482:Stellmacher, Frank, ed. (1998).
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273:Saxony's most important ruler,
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320:Leipziger Ökonomische Sozietät
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33:Leipzig merchant bourgeoisie
7:
641:Economic history of Germany
530:Gutenberg, 2006, S. 5.
197:Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy
55:, that was formed from the
10:
672:
528:Christian Leberecht Vogel.
332:Among others, Carl Lampe,
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41:Leipziger HandelsbĂĽrgertum
524:Christian Leberecht Vogel
404:Schäfer, Michael (2007).
91:
24:(Old Stock Exchange) and
591:Rolf Bayer, Gerd Sobek:
366:
656:Social class in Germany
349:Leipzig–Dresden railway
457:MĂĽller, Frank (1997).
275:Augustus II the Strong
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193:Georg Philipp Telemann
152:Trade, culture and art
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342:industrial revolution
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189:Johann Sebastian Bach
19:
379:Ufer, Peter (2000).
318:The founding of the
125:Electorate of Saxony
72:- for long-distance
578:, Michael Schäfer:
361:Leipzig-Hof railway
303:of Saxon products.
231:Far from the Saxon
160:and other forms of
137:merchant capitalism
127:and the subsequent
646:History of Leipzig
338:Heinrich Brockhaus
229:
29:
468:978-3-402-05674-5
415:978-3-406-56211-2
327:French Revolution
241:productive forces
177:Leipzig Book Fair
141:Alte Handelsbörse
129:Kingdom of Saxony
82:socialist society
22:Alte Handelsbörse
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179:and the Leipzig
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429:Die Alte Stadt.
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205:Albert Lortzing
201:Robert Schumann
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249:Ore Mountains
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225:Old Town Hall
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209:Gustav Mahler
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162:social action
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26:Old Town Hall
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121:social class
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95:
86:East Germany
40:
32:
30:
651:Bourgeoisie
251:during the
233:royal court
168:of Europe.
166:upper class
110:councillors
70:Via Imperii
61:Middle Ages
45:bourgeoisie
635:Categories
289:monopolies
181:book trade
145:industrial
106:professors
78:trade fair
353:Magdeburg
308:BrĂĽhl era
264:Calvinist
245:merchants
187:example,
158:patronage
66:Via Regia
268:Reformed
20:Leipzig
285:customs
215:History
123:in the
59:in the
53:Germany
49:Leipzig
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465:
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387:
92:Groups
37:German
367:Notes
301:sales
74:trade
488:ISBN
463:ISBN
410:ISBN
385:ISBN
68:and
35:(in
31:The
509:(=
443:(=
84:in
47:in
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