352:
division of powers between the
Emperor and his councilors resulted in conflicts, and the grand councilors (four total) gave up on state affairs, following prevailing affairs or doing nothing. Appointed to right councilor, Li gave himself over to drinking. He was ultimately implicated in 1390 in a decade-long conspiracy and purged along with his extended family and thirty thousand others. He was executed largely on the basis of his awareness and non-reporting of treason. The post of councilor (or prime minister) was abolished following his execution.
55:
292:, and the emperor invited Li to take over the secretarial and managerial duties of his field command. He proved able and energetic, often staying behind to transfer army provisions. He was given first rank among officers with the titles of Left Grand Councilor and "Duke of Han". Comparisons between the Emperor Hongwu and Gaozu became a theme of the Ming Court and its historians.
251:, being the Ancestral Instructions and the Ritual Compendium of the Ming Dynasty. He established salt and tea monopolies based on Yuan institutions, launched an anti-corruption campaign, restored minted currency, opened iron foundries, and instituted fish taxes. It is said that revenues were sufficient, yet the people were not oppressed.
310:
The emperor asked Li to assume responsibility for administrative affairs in 1353, granting him overall institutional authority long before codification work started. Li's petitioning
Emperor Hongwu to eliminate collective prosecution reportedly initiated the drafting. Hongwu ordered Li and others to
351:
In old age, he retired as the emperor's distaste grew for his arrogance, but would still be called upon to deliberate military and dynastic affairs. Other councilors like
Guangyang, remembered his carefulness, generosity, honesty, uprightness and seriousness, was demoted several times. A lack of
237:
to establish the Ming dynasty. Deeply trusted by the
Emperor, Hongwu consulted Li on institutional matters, but became "bored with Li's arrogance" in old age. Ultimately, the emperor purged and executed Li along with his extended family and thirty thousand others, accusing him of supporting
666:
Farmer, Edward L. (1995). Zhu
Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the Era of Mongol Rule. BRILL. p. 37. doi:10.1163/978900448915 ISBN 978-90-04-10391-7.
268:'s firm control of his regime. He was tasked with purging political opponents, anti-corruption, and rooting out disloyal military officers. His reward and punishment system was influenced by
339:, another chancellor. Their efforts contributed to Yang's death, making Li the most powerful figure next to the emperor at the court in 1370. He quarreled with the great classical scholar
335:
Following the drafting of the code, Li personally oversaw any new stipulations, including a system of fixed statutes made to combat corruption. He joined with Hu
Weiyong against
677:
Zhang, Jinfan (2014). The
Tradition and Modern Transition of Chinese Law. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 282. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-23266-4. ISBN 978-3-642-23266-4.
303:. Then Li gave an advance notice to prevent the army from violating the military discipline. The duplicates of his notice were plastered everywhere in the occupied city,
288:
until his recruitment by the
Emperor Hongwu, who was passing through the area with his army. Li discussed history with him, namely, the qualities of the founding Han
812:
763:
229:, part of the West Huai (Huaixi) faction, and Duke of Han, one of the six founding dukes of the Ming dynasty in 1370. Li Shanchang was one of
913:
908:
381:
326:. Li memorialized that all previous codes were based on the Han code, synthesized under the Tang, and based their institutions on the
837:
796:
747:
712:
608:
581:
543:
519:
463:
658:
Fan, C. Simon (2016). Culture, Institution, and
Development in China: The economics of national character. Routledge. p. 94.
311:
create the basic law code in 1367, appointing him Left
Councilor and chief legislator in a commission of 30 ministers.
903:
245:
Li planned the organization of the six ministries, helped draft a new law code, and supervised the compiling of the
254:
A doubtful classicist, he was charged with drafting legal documents, mandates, and military communications. The
198:
780:
Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the Era of Mongol Rule
731:
Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the Era of Mongol Rule
565:
Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the Era of Mongol Rule
332:. Emphasizing the importance of simplicity and clarity, he mandated that it be concise and intelligible.
371:
336:
78:
146:
674:
The Great Ming Code / Da Ming lu. University of Washington Press. 2012. ISBN 978-0-295-80400-2.
299:
surrendered to the emperor, Li urged ferrying the soldiers to capture the southern area of the
827:
694:
680:
598:
509:
479:
778:
729:
669:
661:
639:
563:
445:
898:
893:
289:
478:
Anita M. Andrew, John A. Rapp 2000. p.161. Autocracy and China's Rebel Founding Emperors.
8:
162:
865:
806:
757:
423:
276:
in his service. At times he had charge of all civil and military officials in Nanjing.
29:
833:
792:
743:
708:
604:
577:
539:
515:
459:
511:
Autocracy and China's Rebel Founding Emperors: Comparing Chairman Mao and Ming Taizu
784:
735:
700:
629:
569:
451:
447:
Culture, Institution, and Development in China: The economics of national character
419:
415:
361:
261:
491:
285:
256:
247:
138:
24:
643:
265:
230:
216:
142:
704:
54:
887:
490:
Jiang Yonglin, Yonglin Jiang 2005. p.xxxiv. The Great Ming Code: Da Ming lü.
304:
273:
323:
319:
315:
234:
226:
60:
20:
634:
573:
455:
788:
739:
427:
406:
Taylor, Romeyn (1963). "Social Origins of the Ming Dynasty 1351–1360".
376:
626:
Chu Yuan-Chang and the Hu-Lan Cases of the Early Ming Dynasty (China)
366:
340:
328:
269:
307:. Consequently, the troops garrisoned there in an orderly fashion.
300:
239:
296:
206:
829:
Disorder Under Heaven: Collective Violence in the Ming Dynasty
875:
113:
681:
https://books.google.com/books?id=AOu5BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA282
480:
https://books.google.com/books?id=YQOhVb5Fbt4C&pg=PA161
670:
https://books.google.com/books?id=TCIjZ7l6TX8C&pg=PA37
662:
https://books.google.com/books?id=cwq4CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA94
264:
writings. Most of his activities seem to have supported
699:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 168.
322:
had fully developed criminal statutes, ignored by the
343:, causing the latter to resign from public office.
696:The Tradition and Modern Transition of Chinese Law
811:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
762:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
346:
885:
503:
501:
499:
557:
555:
492:https://books.google.com/books?id=h58hszAft5wC
721:
496:
552:
439:
437:
401:
399:
397:
260:biography states that his studies included
225:; 1314–1390) was a Chinese official of the
832:. Stanford University Press. p. 230.
507:
382:Four Major Cases of the early Ming dynasty
295:One history holds that, after the navy in
633:
603:. Harvard University Press. p. 550.
514:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 161.
434:
394:
233:'s associates during the war against the
538:. University of Washington Press. 2012.
508:Andrew, Anita M.; Rapp, John A. (2000).
221:
886:
776:
727:
623:
561:
405:
692:
825:
596:
63:illustration of Li Shanchang in the
914:People executed by the Ming dynasty
443:
13:
14:
925:
909:Ming dynasty government officials
272:, and Li Shanchang had a kind of
16:Ming dynasty official (1314–1390)
536:The Great Ming Code / Da Ming lu
53:
819:
770:
686:
650:
624:Massey, Thomas Pierce (1983).
617:
590:
528:
484:
472:
420:10.1080/02549948.1963.11731029
347:Execution of Li and his family
211:
202:
1:
387:
284:Li was a marginal figure in
279:
156:1390 (aged 75–76)
7:
597:Mote, Frederick W. (1999).
355:
10:
930:
777:Farmer, Edward L. (1995).
728:Farmer, Edward L. (1995).
562:Farmer, Edward L. (1995).
18:
872:
862:
859:Ming dynasty established
852:
705:10.1007/978-3-642-23266-4
450:. Routledge. p. 94.
188:
180:
168:
152:
128:
123:
119:
107:
95:
84:
76:
72:
52:
45:
38:
904:Ming dynasty chancellors
600:Imperial China, 900-1800
791:(inactive 2024-09-19).
742:(inactive 2024-09-19).
147:Henan Jiangbei Province
693:Zhang, Jinfan (2014).
444:Fan, C. Simon (2016).
314:Hongwu noted that the
783:. BRILL. p. 58.
734:. BRILL. p. 37.
574:10.1163/9789004489158
568:. BRILL. p. 29.
456:10.4324/9781315628707
65:Wanxiaotang Huanchuan
826:Tong, James (1992).
789:10.1163/978900448915
740:10.1163/978900448915
290:Emperor Gaozu of Han
163:Yingtian Prefecture
67:, by Shangguan Zhou
853:Political offices
683:Examining 08/01/23
174:Li Fang (grandson)
102:Office established
882:
881:
873:Succeeded by
839:978-0-8047-6676-0
798:978-90-04-10391-7
749:978-90-04-10391-7
714:978-3-642-23266-4
610:978-0-674-01212-7
583:978-90-04-10391-7
545:978-0-295-80400-2
521:978-0-8476-9580-5
465:978-1-317-24183-6
192:
191:
176:Li Mao (grandson)
921:
850:
849:
844:
843:
823:
817:
816:
810:
802:
774:
768:
767:
761:
753:
725:
719:
718:
690:
684:
654:
648:
647:
637:
621:
615:
614:
594:
588:
587:
559:
550:
549:
532:
526:
525:
505:
494:
488:
482:
476:
470:
469:
441:
432:
431:
408:Monumenta Serica
403:
262:Chinese Legalist
223:
213:
204:
124:Personal details
110:
98:
89:
57:
48:
36:
35:
929:
928:
924:
923:
922:
920:
919:
918:
884:
883:
878:
869:
866:Grand Councilor
848:
847:
840:
824:
820:
804:
803:
799:
775:
771:
755:
754:
750:
726:
722:
715:
691:
687:
655:
651:
622:
618:
611:
595:
591:
584:
560:
553:
546:
534:
533:
529:
522:
506:
497:
489:
485:
477:
473:
466:
442:
435:
404:
395:
390:
358:
349:
286:Dingyuan County
282:
257:History of Ming
248:History of Yuan
175:
173:
161:
159:
157:
139:Dingyuan County
137:
135:
133:
108:
96:
90:
85:
79:Grand Councilor
68:
46:
41:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
927:
917:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
880:
879:
874:
871:
861:
855:
854:
846:
845:
838:
818:
797:
769:
748:
720:
713:
685:
679:
678:
675:
668:
667:
660:
659:
649:
635:2027.42/159429
616:
609:
589:
582:
551:
544:
527:
520:
495:
483:
471:
464:
433:
392:
391:
389:
386:
385:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
357:
354:
348:
345:
281:
278:
266:Hongwu Emperor
231:Emperor Hongwu
222:Li Shan-ch'ang
190:
189:
186:
185:
182:
178:
177:
170:
166:
165:
158:Ming Hongwu 23
154:
150:
149:
143:Hao Prefecture
130:
126:
125:
121:
120:
117:
116:
111:
105:
104:
99:
93:
92:
82:
81:
74:
73:
70:
69:
58:
50:
49:
43:
42:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
926:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
891:
889:
877:
868:
867:
860:
857:
856:
851:
841:
835:
831:
830:
822:
814:
808:
800:
794:
790:
786:
782:
781:
773:
765:
759:
751:
745:
741:
737:
733:
732:
724:
716:
710:
706:
702:
698:
697:
689:
682:
676:
673:
672:
671:
665:
664:
663:
657:
656:
653:
645:
641:
636:
631:
627:
620:
612:
606:
602:
601:
593:
585:
579:
575:
571:
567:
566:
558:
556:
547:
541:
537:
531:
523:
517:
513:
512:
504:
502:
500:
493:
487:
481:
475:
467:
461:
457:
453:
449:
448:
440:
438:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
402:
400:
398:
393:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
359:
353:
344:
342:
338:
333:
331:
330:
325:
321:
317:
312:
308:
306:
302:
301:Yangtze River
298:
293:
291:
287:
277:
275:
274:secret police
271:
267:
263:
259:
258:
252:
250:
249:
243:
241:
236:
232:
228:
224:
218:
214:
208:
200:
196:
187:
183:
179:
171:
167:
164:
155:
151:
148:
145:, Anfeng Lu,
144:
140:
134:Yuan Yanyou 1
131:
127:
122:
118:
115:
112:
106:
103:
100:
94:
88:
83:
80:
75:
71:
66:
62:
56:
51:
44:
37:
32:
31:
26:
22:
863:
858:
828:
821:
779:
772:
730:
723:
695:
688:
652:
625:
619:
599:
592:
564:
535:
530:
510:
486:
474:
446:
411:
407:
350:
334:
327:
324:Yuan dynasty
320:Song dynasty
316:Tang dynasty
313:
309:
294:
283:
255:
253:
246:
244:
235:Yuan dynasty
227:Ming dynasty
220:
212:Lǐ Shàncháng
210:
195:Li Shanchang
194:
193:
109:Succeeded by
101:
86:
64:
61:Qing dynasty
40:Li Shanchang
28:
21:Chinese name
899:1390 deaths
894:1314 births
414:(1): 1–78.
172:Li Qi (son)
97:Preceded by
25:family name
888:Categories
870:1368–1371
628:(Thesis).
388:References
377:Hu Weiyong
217:Wade–Giles
184:Politician
181:Occupation
807:cite book
758:cite book
644:303275367
372:Yang Xian
367:Liu Bowen
341:Liu Bowen
337:Yang Xian
329:Tang Code
280:Biography
270:Han Feizi
160:(明洪武二十三年)
91:1368–1371
87:In office
640:ProQuest
428:40726467
356:See also
169:Children
19:In this
305:Taiping
240:treason
199:Chinese
136:(元延祐元年)
836:
795:
746:
711:
642:
607:
580:
542:
518:
462:
426:
362:Lan Yu
297:Chaohu
219::
209::
207:pinyin
201::
23:, the
876:Xu Da
864:Left
424:JSTOR
114:Xu Da
77:Left
834:ISBN
813:link
793:ISBN
764:link
744:ISBN
709:ISBN
605:ISBN
578:ISBN
540:ISBN
516:ISBN
460:ISBN
318:and
153:Died
132:1314
129:Born
785:doi
736:doi
701:doi
630:hdl
570:doi
452:doi
416:doi
203:李善長
47:李善長
27:is
890::
809:}}
805:{{
760:}}
756:{{
707:.
638:.
576:.
554:^
498:^
458:.
436:^
422:.
412:22
410:.
396:^
242:.
215:;
205:;
141:,
59:A
30:Li
842:.
815:)
801:.
787::
766:)
752:.
738::
717:.
703::
646:.
632::
613:.
586:.
572::
548:.
524:.
468:.
454::
430:.
418::
197:(
33:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
