32:
426:
348:
457:(ACL). The ACL is one of the ligaments crucial to knee stability and persons who tear their ACL often undergo reconstructive surgery, which can be done through a variety of techniques and materials. One of these techniques is the replacement of the ligament with an artificial material.
390:. They act as mechanical reinforcements. Extra-capsular ligaments join in harmony with the other ligaments and provide joint stability. Intra-capsular ligaments, which are much less common, also provide stability but permit a far larger range of motion.
401:. They gradually strain when under tension and return to their original shape when the tension is removed. However, they cannot retain their original shape when extended past a certain point or for a prolonged period of time. This is one reason why
3307:
318:. The differences among them are in the connections that they make: ligaments connect one bone to another bone, tendons connect muscle to bone, and fasciae connect muscles to other muscles. These are all found in the
3284:
822:
433:
The consequence of a broken ligament can be instability of the joint. Not all broken ligaments need surgery, but, if surgery is needed to stabilise the joint, the broken ligament can be repaired.
461:
are a synthetic material composed of a polymer, such as polyacrylonitrile fiber, polypropylene, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), or polyNaSS poly(sodium styrene sulfonate).
277:
211:
3312:
2039:
2102:
418:
refers to the characteristic of people with more-elastic ligaments, allowing their joints to stretch and contort further; this is sometimes still called
405:
joints must be set as quickly as possible: if the ligaments lengthen too much, then the joint will be weakened, becoming prone to future dislocations.
3289:
2016:
3858:
1426:
2641:
1554:
1464:
199:
3964:
3376:
2886:
2881:
2978:
1998:
2280:
1878:
1738:
409:, gymnasts, dancers, and martial artists perform stretching exercises to lengthen their ligaments, making their joints more supple.
2095:
1874:
1756:
1509:
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1643:
4014:
3194:
2226:
775:
3851:
3189:
1638:
1419:
1357:
2453:
827:
3031:
2741:
2634:
2088:
1993:
1970:
1601:
1547:
1520:
556:
3156:
3063:
1975:
1917:
1596:
1515:
1459:
592:
96:
901:
846:
Journal of Bone and
Mineral Research : The Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
4261:
3256:
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364:
115:
68:
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3179:
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2354:
1959:
1954:
1825:
1766:
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1412:
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can correct the instability. Instability of a joint can over time lead to wear of the cartilage and eventually to
4278:
3184:
3138:
3096:
3013:
2909:
2403:
2300:
2159:
492:
356:
327:
75:
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2627:
2458:
2295:
2154:
2031:
1807:
1540:
53:
3058:
3026:
2983:
2585:
955:"PolyNaSS bioactivation of LARS artificial ligament promotes human ligament fibroblast colonisation in vitro"
526:
330:
located near the periodontal ligament which are involved in the adult regeneration of periodontist ligament.
206:
3727:
3699:
3246:
2914:
2580:
2264:
1912:
701:
521:
82:
4226:
4138:
3950:
3362:
3251:
3050:
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2824:
2800:
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1702:
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649:
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2008:
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64:
49:
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2426:
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1965:
1611:
1606:
1489:
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1282:
753:
639:
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182:
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1936:
1902:
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1264:
1255:
917:
R.A., Hauser; E.E., Dolan; H.J., Phillips; A.C., Newlin; R.E., Moore; B.A., Woldin (2013-01-23).
842:"Tendons and Ligaments: Connecting Developmental Biology to Musculoskeletal Disease Pathogenesis"
682:
551:
541:
469:
There are about 900 ligaments in an average adult human body, of which about 25 are listed here.
437:
may prevent this. If it is not possible to fix the broken ligament, other procedures such as the
42:
3929:
3662:
3581:
3576:
3551:
3534:
3524:
3451:
3238:
3215:
2829:
2688:
2599:
2463:
1985:
1697:
1692:
1588:
1324:
897:
531:
414:
402:
218:
194:
146:
379:. Some ligaments limit the mobility of articulations or prevent certain movements altogether.
3882:
3820:
3815:
3678:
3630:
3571:
3171:
3091:
2852:
2604:
2418:
2386:
2195:
2183:
1946:
1922:
1443:
1171:
1101:
918:
736:
597:
536:
482:
1404:
1016:
803:
4375:
4241:
4236:
4091:
3755:
3546:
3529:
3481:
3125:
3078:
2709:
2683:
2678:
2431:
1051:
487:
287:
240:
3354:
8:
3761:
3652:
3101:
3068:
2526:
2491:
2445:
2336:
2251:
2222:
1931:
1232:
1108:
686:
458:
267:
2619:
919:"Ligament Injury and Healing: A Review of Current Clinical Diagnostics and Therapeutics"
4385:
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3746:
3635:
3566:
3497:
3487:
3339:
3334:
3326:
3116:
2807:
2534:
1888:
1730:
1679:
1663:
1378:
874:
841:
798:
779:
768:
438:
434:
20:
335:
89:
3973:
3771:
3751:
3657:
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3463:
3409:
2704:
2328:
1784:
1748:
1352:
1273:
1269:
974:
954:
879:
861:
731:
654:
391:
383:
315:
4102:
3836:
3825:
3793:
3722:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2817:
2714:
2572:
2231:
2146:
2127:
1228:
966:
933:
869:
853:
299:
1532:
4133:
3778:
3614:
3561:
3519:
2847:
2812:
2549:
2539:
2188:
2178:
1893:
1668:
1156:
1044:
319:
187:
2080:
938:
4231:
4064:
4039:
3640:
3586:
3441:
3005:
2242:
2170:
1927:
1707:
1650:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1315:
1202:
1197:
1128:
1091:
762:
748:
442:
387:
4369:
4145:
3766:
2270:
2060:
1347:
1113:
1081:
865:
2513:
2044:
2021:
1779:
1319:
1192:
1161:
978:
883:
398:
141:
4293:
4044:
3987:
3714:
3709:
3604:
2522:
2310:
2136:
2065:
1629:
1292:
1218:
1146:
1141:
1133:
1096:
992:
326:. Ligaments cannot usually be regenerated naturally; however, there are
4322:
4077:
4054:
4029:
3704:
3609:
3404:
3386:
1301:
1181:
970:
953:
Lessim S, Migonney V, Thoreux P, Lutomski D, Changotade S (June 2013).
670:
323:
271:
857:
4340:
4266:
4170:
4165:
4155:
4072:
4049:
4034:
3541:
3416:
3390:
2658:
2214:
1305:
1260:
1118:
1086:
643:
633:
3942:
840:
Asahara, Hiroshi; Inui, Masafumi; Lotz, Martin K. (September 2017).
713:
Certain tubular structures from the fetal period are referred to as
224:
31:
4128:
3992:
1579:
1393:
690:
425:
360:
291:
4182:
4177:
4150:
1798:
1251:
744:
406:
4288:
4271:
3687:
2377:
376:
372:
311:
307:
173:
4350:
3691:
3458:
2937:
2650:
2119:
2111:
1848:
1721:
1563:
1435:
1434:
1067:
952:
694:
368:
295:
281:
166:
761:
intra-hepatic portion of the fetal left umbilical vein (the
4345:
4160:
3997:
3384:
2928:
2839:
2733:
2724:
1839:
347:
244:
2666:
2649:
1571:
1036:
367:
sheaths. Ligaments connect bones to other bones to form
156:
Connect bones to other bones; maintain position of organs
717:
after they close up and turn into cord-like structures:
453:
One of the most often torn ligaments in the body is the
896:
3866:
1562:
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2110:
4367:
1806:
916:
839:
1698:Glenohumeral (superior, middle, and inferior)
3958:
3852:
3370:
2635:
2096:
1548:
1420:
1052:
394:are paired ligaments in the form of a cross.
355:"Ligament" most commonly refers to a band of
2596:ligaments connecting the sacrum and ischium
906:(5th ed.). Oxford Press. p. 1593.
263:. Other ligaments in the body include the:
3965:
3951:
3859:
3845:
3377:
3363:
2642:
2628:
2135:
2103:
2089:
1555:
1541:
1427:
1413:
1059:
1045:
708:
689:and other vessels as they travel from the
19:For the structure of a bivalve shell, see
2281:Tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint
937:
873:
646:equivalent of posterior cruciate ligament
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
636:equivalent of anterior cruciate ligament
424:
346:
664:
448:
4368:
342:
3972:
3946:
3840:
3358:
2623:
2084:
1536:
1408:
1040:
1017:"Ligament: Anatomy, Function, Sprain"
778:portions of the fetal left and right
756:(the "round ligament of the liver").
247:to other bones. It is also known as
2454:intraarticular sternocostal ligament
290:: a group of fibers that attach the
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
2887:posterior of the head of the fibula
1521:posterior atlantooccipital membrane
557:Suspensory ligament of the clitoris
382:Capsular ligaments are part of the
333:The study of ligaments is known as
13:
2949:medial of talocrural joint/deltoid
2882:anterior of the head of the fibula
1516:Anterior atlantooccipital membrane
363:fibers, with bundles protected by
14:
4397:
4262:Dense irregular connective tissue
2979:lateral collateral of ankle joint
2752:Posterior meniscofemoral ligament
2360:posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
1999:Superficial transverse metacarpal
903:Cunningham's text-book of anatomy
510:Suspensory ligament of the breast
365:dense irregular connective tissue
3064:plantar calcaneonavicular/spring
2747:Anterior meniscofemoral ligament
2591:interosseous sacroiliac ligament
2355:anterior sacrococcygeal ligament
1826:Interosseous membrane of forearm
562:Suspensory ligament of the penis
30:
4279:Dense regular connective tissue
2301:posterior atlantoaxial ligament
2160:posterior longitudinal ligament
926:The Open Rehabilitation Journal
493:Suspensory ligament of the lens
357:dense regular connective tissue
328:periodontal ligament stem cells
41:needs additional citations for
16:Connective tissue between bones
3069:bifurcated (calcaneonavicular)
2459:radiate sternocostal ligaments
2296:anterior atlantoaxial ligament
2155:anterior longitudinal ligament
1644:Inferior transverse of scapula
1009:
985:
946:
910:
890:
833:
816:
1:
2586:posterior sacroiliac ligament
809:
527:Posterior sacroiliac ligament
3728:Suspensory ligament of ovary
3700:Broad ligament of the uterus
3195:interosseous cuneometatarsal
2915:Interosseous membrane of leg
2581:anterior sacroiliac ligament
2265:Transverse ligament of atlas
1639:Superior transverse scapular
828:Dorland's Medical Dictionary
704:, also a fold of peritoneum.
702:broad ligament of the uterus
522:Anterior sacroiliac ligament
7:
3190:interosseous intercuneiform
3102:bifurcated (calcaneocuboid)
939:10.2174/1874943701306010001
792:
620:Posterior cruciate ligament
615:Lateral collateral ligament
583:Dorsal radiocarpal ligament
578:Palmar radiocarpal ligament
464:
10:
4402:
3239:Intermetatarsal/metatarsal
2261:Cruciate ligament of atlas
1994:Deep transverse metacarpal
1602:Posterior sternoclavicular
1475:Temporomandibular ligament
1224:Anatomical terms of motion
1066:
785:medial umbilical ligaments
747:portion of the fetal left
650:Oblique popliteal ligament
625:Medial collateral ligament
610:Anterior cruciate ligament
593:Radial collateral ligament
569:
455:anterior cruciate ligament
18:
4331:
4308:
4252:
4217:
4208:
4201:
4119:
4101:
4090:
4063:
4022:
4013:
4006:
3980:
3926:Median umbilical ligament
3920:Medial umbilical ligament
3912:
3891:
3875:
3808:
3736:
3686:
3677:
3623:
3597:
3510:
3477:Right triangular ligament
3432:
3425:
3397:
3325:
3298:
3275:
3237:
3214:
3207:
3170:
3147:
3124:
3114:
3077:
3049:
3040:
3004:
2936:
2927:
2895:
2872:
2865:
2838:
2732:
2723:
2665:
2571:
2548:
2521:
2512:
2490:
2472:
2444:
2417:
2394:
2385:
2376:
2345:
2327:
2309:
2250:
2241:
2213:
2168:
2144:
2126:
2053:
2030:
2007:
1984:
1945:
1887:
1847:
1838:
1797:
1765:
1747:
1729:
1720:
1678:
1620:
1597:Anterior sternoclavicular
1587:
1578:
1500:
1485:Sphenomandibular ligament
1450:
1337:
1241:
1211:
1074:
630:Cranial cruciate ligament
588:Ulnar collateral ligament
505:Phrenoesophageal ligament
306:Ligaments are similar to
241:fibrous connective tissue
217:
205:
193:
181:
165:
160:
152:
140:
135:
130:
3470:Left triangular ligament
3216:Tarsometatarsal/Lisfranc
2427:Costotransverse ligament
2409:Intra-articular ligament
2201:intertransverse ligament
1918:Interosseous intercarpal
1490:Stylomandibular ligament
1313:specialized/lower limbs:
1290:specialized/upper limbs:
754:ligamentum teres hepatis
640:Caudal cruciate ligament
567:
547:Reflex inguinal ligament
314:as they are all made of
3899:Round ligament of liver
3867:Fetal vascular remnant
3493:Round ligament of liver
3447:Hepatoduodenal ligament
2563:inferior pubic ligament
2558:superior pubic ligament
2276:Apical ligament of dens
709:Fetal remnant ligaments
683:hepatoduodenal ligament
552:Superior pubic ligament
542:Inferior pubic ligament
3930:Lateral umbilical fold
3663:Paramesenteric gutters
3582:Lateral inguinal fossa
3577:Lateral umbilical fold
3552:Phrenicocolic ligament
3535:Gastrosplenic ligament
3525:Gastrophrenic ligament
3452:Hepatogastric ligament
3262:superficial transverse
3097:plantar calcaneocuboid
3006:Subtalar/talocalcaneal
2910:Posterior tibiofibular
2600:sacrotuberous ligament
2464:costoxiphoid ligaments
1960:Palmar carpometacarpal
1955:Dorsal carpometacarpal
898:Daniel John Cunningham
532:Sacrotuberous ligament
430:
352:
334:
278:Fetal remnant ligament
219:Anatomical terminology
147:Musculoskeletal system
3883:Ligamentum arteriosum
3821:Retroperitoneal space
3816:Extraperitoneal space
3631:Cystohepatic triangle
3572:Medial inguinal fossa
3087:dorsal calcaneocuboid
3051:Talocalcaneonavicular
2989:posterior talofibular
2905:Anterior tibiofibular
2897:Inferior tibiofibular
2874:Superior tibiofibular
2853:Infrapatellar fat pad
2700:transverse acetabular
2605:sacrospinous ligament
2196:interspinous ligament
2184:supraspinous ligament
1172:Ball and socket joint
1102:Interosseous membrane
737:ligamentum arteriosum
685:, that surrounds the
677:. Examples include:
598:Scapholunate ligament
537:Sacrospinous ligament
483:Cricothyroid ligament
428:
350:
3756:Uterosacral ligament
3547:Splenorenal ligament
3530:Gastrocolic ligament
3482:Hepatorenal ligament
3059:dorsal talonavicular
2984:anterior talofibular
2959:posterior tibiotalar
2938:Talocrural and ankle
2432:Lumbocostal ligament
665:Peritoneal ligaments
488:Periodontal ligament
459:Artificial ligaments
449:Artificial ligaments
288:Periodontal ligament
280:: the remnants of a
50:improve this article
3762:Vesicouterine pouch
3653:Peritoneal recesses
3277:Metatarsophalangeal
2954:anterior tibiotalar
2337:iliolumbar ligament
2223:intervertebral disc
2009:Metacarpophalangeal
1767:Proximal radioulnar
1190:by range of motion:
687:hepatic portal vein
673:are referred to as
343:Articular ligaments
298:to the surrounding
274:or other membranes.
268:Peritoneal ligament
3904:Ligamentum venosum
3789:Rectovesical pouch
3747:Rectouterine pouch
3636:Hepatorenal recess
3567:Supravesical fossa
3498:Ligamentum venosum
3488:Falciform ligament
2535:Obturator membrane
1913:Palmar intercarpal
1908:Dorsal intercarpal
1861:Palmar radiocarpal
1857:Dorsal radiocarpal
1703:Transverse humeral
971:10.3233/BME-130753
804:Broström procedure
799:Ligamentous laxity
780:umbilical arteries
769:ligamentum venosum
439:Brunelli procedure
431:
429:Hypermobile finger
420:double-jointedness
392:Cruciate ligaments
353:
351:Articular ligament
284:tubular structure.
249:articular ligament
212:70773 30319, 70773
21:Ligament (bivalve)
4363:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4304:
4303:
4197:
4196:
4193:
4192:
4086:
4085:
3974:Connective tissue
3940:
3939:
3834:
3833:
3804:
3803:
3772:Paravesical fossa
3752:Rectouterine fold
3673:
3672:
3658:Paracolic gutters
3646:Inguinal triangle
3464:Coronary ligament
3435:ventral mesentery
3352:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3321:
3320:
3203:
3202:
3149:Cuboideonavicular
3110:
3109:
3042:Transverse tarsal
2923:
2922:
2861:
2860:
2705:acetabular labrum
2617:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2508:
2507:
2440:
2439:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2209:
2208:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2073:
1971:Radial collateral
1879:Radial collateral
1870:Palmar ulnocarpal
1866:Dorsal ulnocarpal
1849:Wrist/radiocarpal
1834:
1833:
1821:Dorsal radioulnar
1816:Palmar radioulnar
1808:Distal radioulnar
1793:
1792:
1739:Radial collateral
1716:
1715:
1655:Acromioclavicular
1622:Acromioclavicular
1530:
1529:
1502:Atlanto-occipital
1452:Temporomandibular
1402:
1401:
1353:Synovial membrane
1274:External rotation
1270:Internal rotation
858:10.1002/jbmr.3199
790:
789:
732:ductus arteriosus
669:Certain folds of
662:
661:
655:Patellar ligament
384:articular capsule
316:connective tissue
233:
232:
228:
126:
125:
118:
100:
4393:
4215:
4214:
4206:
4205:
4134:Reticular fibers
4103:Ground substance
4099:
4098:
4020:
4019:
4011:
4010:
3967:
3960:
3953:
3944:
3943:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3838:
3837:
3826:Retropubic space
3794:Pararectal fossa
3723:Ovarian ligament
3684:
3683:
3598:Abdominal cavity
3513:dorsal mesentery
3430:
3429:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3356:
3355:
3212:
3211:
3122:
3121:
3047:
3046:
2934:
2933:
2870:
2869:
2730:
2729:
2715:zona orbicularis
2644:
2637:
2630:
2621:
2620:
2519:
2518:
2404:Radiate ligament
2392:
2391:
2383:
2382:
2248:
2247:
2232:nucleus pulposus
2171:vertebral arches
2147:vertebral bodies
2142:
2141:
2133:
2132:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2082:
2081:
1976:Ulnar collateral
1875:Ulnar collateral
1845:
1844:
1804:
1803:
1757:Ulnar collateral
1727:
1726:
1660:Coracoclavicular
1589:Sternoclavicular
1585:
1584:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1534:
1533:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1406:
1405:
1358:Fibrous membrane
1061:
1054:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1021:Cleveland Clinic
1013:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1003:
989:
983:
982:
959:Biomed Mater Eng
950:
944:
943:
941:
923:
914:
908:
907:
894:
888:
887:
877:
852:(9): 1773–1782.
837:
831:
820:
720:
719:
472:
471:
375:connect bone to
359:bundles made of
257:fibrous ligament
225:edit on Wikidata
222:
128:
127:
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4390:
4381:Skeletal system
4366:
4365:
4364:
4355:
4327:
4300:
4248:
4189:
4129:Collagen fibers
4115:
4093:
4082:
4065:Wandering cells
4059:
4002:
3976:
3971:
3941:
3936:
3908:
3887:
3871:
3865:
3835:
3830:
3800:
3779:Retroperitonium
3732:
3669:
3619:
3615:Omental foramen
3593:
3562:Umbilical folds
3520:Greater omentum
3512:
3506:
3434:
3421:
3393:
3385:Anatomy of the
3383:
3353:
3344:
3317:
3300:Interphalangeal
3294:
3271:
3267:deep transverse
3233:
3199:
3166:
3143:
3106:
3073:
3036:
3000:
2994:calcaneofibular
2919:
2891:
2857:
2848:Patellar tendon
2834:
2783:fibular/lateral
2719:
2661:
2648:
2618:
2609:
2567:
2550:Pubic symphysis
2544:
2540:Obturator canal
2504:
2486:
2468:
2436:
2419:Costotransverse
2413:
2364:
2341:
2323:
2305:
2237:
2227:anulus fibrosus
2205:
2189:nuchal ligament
2179:ligamenta flava
2164:
2122:
2109:
2079:
2070:
2049:
2032:Interphalangeal
2026:
2003:
1986:Intermetacarpal
1980:
1947:Carpometacarpal
1941:
1883:
1830:
1789:
1761:
1743:
1712:
1674:
1616:
1612:Costoclavicular
1607:Interclavicular
1574:
1561:
1531:
1526:
1496:
1446:
1433:
1403:
1398:
1333:
1237:
1207:
1157:Condyloid joint
1070:
1065:
1035:
1034:
1025:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1001:
999:
991:
990:
986:
951:
947:
921:
915:
911:
895:
891:
838:
834:
821:
817:
812:
795:
711:
667:
467:
451:
388:synovial joints
386:that surrounds
345:
320:skeletal system
253:articular larua
229:
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4399:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4337:
4335:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4314:
4312:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4258:
4256:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4239:
4229:
4223:
4221:
4212:
4203:
4199:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4168:
4158:
4153:
4146:Elastic fibers
4143:
4142:
4141:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4107:
4105:
4096:
4092:Extracellular
4088:
4087:
4084:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4040:Reticular cell
4037:
4032:
4026:
4024:
4017:
4008:
4004:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3977:
3970:
3969:
3962:
3955:
3947:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3916:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3895:
3893:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3872:
3864:
3863:
3856:
3849:
3841:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3812:
3810:
3806:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3796:
3791:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3749:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3712:
3707:
3696:
3694:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3660:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3641:Abdominal wall
3638:
3633:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3587:Ileocecal fold
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3516:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3485:
3479:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3442:Lesser omentum
3438:
3436:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3394:
3382:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3359:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3331:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3304:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3281:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3220:
3218:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3176:
3174:
3172:Intercuneiform
3168:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3153:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3130:
3128:
3126:Cuneonavicular
3119:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3083:
3081:
3079:Calcaneocuboid
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3055:
3053:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3020:
3010:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2969:tibionavicular
2966:
2964:tibiocalcaneal
2961:
2956:
2942:
2940:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2901:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2878:
2876:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2840:Patellofemoral
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2790:intracapsular:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2780:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2757:extracapsular:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2738:
2736:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2686:
2681:
2671:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2647:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2624:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2554:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2531:
2529:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2496:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2450:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2423:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2400:
2398:
2389:
2387:Costovertebral
2380:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2347:Sacrococcygeal
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2333:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2315:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2284:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2256:
2254:
2245:
2243:Synovial joint
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2229:
2219:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2181:
2175:
2173:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2139:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2108:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2085:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2036:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1962:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1937:Pisometacarpal
1934:
1928:Pisiform joint
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1903:Radiate carpal
1900:
1898:
1897:
1896:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1872:
1863:
1853:
1851:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1771:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1753:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1735:
1733:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1708:Glenoid labrum
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1684:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1666:
1657:
1647:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1634:Coracoacromial
1626:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1593:
1591:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1537:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1468:
1467:
1465:Articular disk
1462:
1456:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1432:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1409:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1386:extracapsular:
1382:
1381:
1375:Articular disk
1372:
1370:Synovial bursa
1367:
1365:Synovial fluid
1362:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1322:
1316:Plantarflexion
1309:
1308:
1299:
1286:
1285:
1276:
1267:
1258:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1226:
1221:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1198:Amphiarthrosis
1195:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1136:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1064:
1063:
1056:
1049:
1041:
1033:
1032:
1008:
984:
965:(4): 289–297.
945:
909:
889:
832:
814:
813:
811:
808:
807:
806:
801:
794:
791:
788:
787:
782:
772:
771:
766:
763:ductus venosus
758:
757:
751:
749:umbilical vein
740:
739:
734:
728:
727:
724:
710:
707:
706:
705:
698:
666:
663:
660:
659:
658:
657:
652:
647:
637:
627:
622:
617:
612:
606:
605:
601:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
574:
573:
568:
566:
565:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
518:
517:
513:
512:
507:
501:
500:
496:
495:
490:
485:
479:
478:
466:
463:
450:
447:
443:osteoarthritis
397:Ligaments are
344:
341:
304:
303:
285:
275:
243:that connects
231:
230:
221:
215:
214:
209:
203:
202:
197:
191:
190:
185:
179:
178:
169:
163:
162:
158:
157:
154:
150:
149:
144:
138:
137:
133:
132:
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4398:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4311:
4307:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4200:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4089:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4012:
4009:
4005:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3968:
3963:
3961:
3956:
3954:
3949:
3948:
3945:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3862:
3857:
3855:
3850:
3848:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3807:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3767:Ovarian fossa
3765:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3735:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3596:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3509:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3466:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3457:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3431:
3428:
3424:
3418:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3380:
3375:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3297:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
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2868:
2864:
2854:
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2845:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2831:
2830:anterolateral
2828:
2826:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2797:
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2793:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2778:medial/tibial
2776:
2775:
2773:
2769:
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2764:
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2753:
2750:
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2731:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2695:head of femur
2693:
2690:
2689:ischiofemoral
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2656:
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2640:
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2555:
2553:
2551:
2547:
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2538:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2527:pelvic girdle
2524:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2492:Costochondral
2489:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2474:Interchondral
2471:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
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2451:
2449:
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2338:
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2332:
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2326:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2311:Zygapophysial
2308:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2271:Alar ligament
2269:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2252:Atlanto-axial
2249:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2202:
2199:
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2172:
2167:
2161:
2158:
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2134:
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2113:
2106:
2101:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2061:Carpal tunnel
2059:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
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1983:
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1972:
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1728:
1725:
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1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1693:Coracohumeral
1691:
1689:
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1685:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1670:
1667:
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1661:
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1470:
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1466:
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1461:
1458:
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1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:head and neck
1441:
1437:
1430:
1425:
1423:
1418:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
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1380:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1348:Joint capsule
1346:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1300:
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1234:
1230:
1227:
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1222:
1220:
1217:
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1214:
1210:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
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1191:
1188:
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1184:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1170:
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1163:
1160:
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1155:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1114:Synchondrosis
1112:
1111:
1110:
1109:Cartilaginous
1107:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1062:
1057:
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1050:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1022:
1018:
1012:
998:
994:
988:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
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956:
949:
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935:
931:
927:
920:
913:
905:
904:
899:
893:
885:
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876:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
836:
830:
829:
824:
819:
815:
805:
802:
800:
797:
796:
786:
783:
781:
777:
774:
773:
770:
767:
764:
760:
759:
755:
752:
750:
746:
742:
741:
738:
735:
733:
730:
729:
725:
722:
721:
718:
716:
703:
699:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
679:
678:
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672:
656:
653:
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648:
645:
641:
638:
635:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
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563:
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543:
540:
538:
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530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
519:
515:
514:
511:
508:
506:
503:
502:
498:
497:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
480:
477:Head and neck
476:
475:
474:
473:
470:
462:
460:
456:
446:
444:
440:
436:
427:
423:
421:
417:
416:
415:hypermobility
410:
408:
404:
400:
395:
393:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
349:
340:
338:
337:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
301:
300:alveolar bone
297:
293:
289:
286:
283:
279:
276:
273:
269:
266:
265:
264:
262:
261:true ligament
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
226:
220:
216:
213:
210:
208:
204:
201:
198:
196:
192:
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186:
184:
180:
177:
175:
170:
168:
164:
159:
155:
151:
148:
145:
143:
139:
134:
129:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
4283:
4111:Tissue fluid
3868:
3335:Longitudinal
3257:interosseous
3092:long plantar
3032:interosseous
2975:
2945:
2866:Tibiofibular
2789:
2756:
2734:Tibiofemoral
2674:
2654:
2595:
2500:no ligaments
2499:
2482:no ligaments
2481:
2446:Sternocostal
2319:no ligaments
2318:
2289:no ligaments
2288:
2115:
1964:
1923:Scapholunate
1780:Oblique cord
1731:Humeroradial
1680:Glenohumeral
1567:
1439:
1388:
1385:
1344:
1320:Dorsiflexion
1312:
1289:
1248:
1193:Synarthrosis
1189:
1180:
1162:Saddle joint
1127:
1024:. Retrieved
1020:
1011:
1000:. Retrieved
996:
987:
962:
958:
948:
929:
925:
912:
902:
892:
849:
845:
835:
826:
818:
714:
712:
674:
668:
468:
452:
432:
419:
413:
411:
399:viscoelastic
396:
381:
354:
332:
305:
270:: a fold of
260:
256:
252:
248:
236:
234:
200:A03.0.00.034
176:: ligamenta)
172:ligamentum (
171:
112:
106:October 2010
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
4376:Soft tissue
4333:Specialized
4323:Mesenchymal
4294:Aponeurosis
4045:Tendon cell
4007:Composition
3988:Soft tissue
3715:Mesometrium
3710:Mesosalpinx
3605:Greater sac
3117:intertarsal
2774:collateral
2684:pubofemoral
2679:iliofemoral
2523:Syndesmoses
2396:Head of rib
2329:Lumbosacral
2137:Syndesmosis
2066:Ulnar canal
1889:Intercarpal
1749:Humeroulnar
1630:Syndesmoses
1514:membranes (
1293:Protraction
1219:Kinesiology
1212:Terminology
1203:Diarthrosis
1147:Pivot joint
1142:Hinge joint
1134:Plane joint
1097:Syndesmosis
997:Physiopedia
435:Scar tissue
361:collagenous
161:Identifiers
4370:Categories
4078:Macrophage
4055:Melanocyte
4030:Fibroblast
3981:Physiology
3705:Mesovarium
3610:Lesser sac
3405:Peritoneum
3387:peritoneum
3340:Transverse
3313:collateral
3290:collateral
2825:transverse
2759:popliteal
2573:Sacroiliac
2040:Collateral
2017:Collateral
1932:Pisohamate
1338:Components
1302:Supination
1297:Retraction
1283:Depression
1233:Antagonist
1182:synostosis
1026:2023-09-11
1002:2023-09-11
993:"Ligament"
823:"ligament"
810:References
671:peritoneum
403:dislocated
324:human body
272:peritoneum
76:newspapers
65:"Ligament"
4386:Ligaments
4341:Cartilage
4310:Embryonic
4267:Submucosa
4227:Reticular
4156:Fibrillin
4073:Mast cell
4050:Adipocyte
4035:Fibrocyte
3924:see also
3913:Umbilical
3869:ligaments
3542:Mesentery
3426:Abdominal
3417:Mesentery
3391:mesentery
3018:posterior
2801:posterior
2792:cruciate
2659:human leg
2655:ligaments
2287:Lateral:
2215:Symphysis
2128:Vertebral
2116:ligaments
1894:Midcarpal
1664:trapezoid
1568:ligaments
1440:ligaments
1345:capsular:
1329:Inversion
1306:Pronation
1279:Elevation
1265:Abduction
1261:Adduction
1256:Extension
1119:Symphysis
1087:Gomphosis
866:0884-0431
715:ligaments
675:ligaments
644:quadruped
634:quadruped
412:The term
336:desmology
4284:Ligament
4023:Resident
3998:Scarring
3993:Fibrosis
3737:Recesses
3014:anterior
2976:lateral:
2796:anterior
2259:Medial:
1785:Quadrate
1651:Synovial
1580:Shoulder
1471:Lateral
1394:Enthesis
1389:Ligament
1379:Meniscus
1325:Eversion
1249:general:
1129:synovial
979:23798650
932:(1): 5.
900:(1918).
884:28621492
793:See also
691:duodenum
642: —
632: —
465:Examples
407:Athletes
371:, while
292:cementum
237:ligament
153:Function
131:Ligament
4232:Adipose
4183:Elaunin
4178:EMILIN1
4151:Elastin
3743:Female
3692:ovaries
3624:General
3398:General
3308:plantar
3285:plantar
3247:plantar
3224:plantar
3180:plantar
3157:plantar
3134:plantar
3115:Distal
3023:lateral
2946:medial:
2818:lateral
2808:menisci
2768:arcuate
2763:oblique
2742:Capsule
2710:capsule
2675:femoral
2657:of the
1799:Forearm
1688:Capsule
1570:of the
1510:capsule
1481:Medial
1460:Capsule
1442:of the
1252:Flexion
1242:Motions
1229:Agonist
1082:Fibrous
875:5585011
745:hepatic
693:to the
373:tendons
322:of the
312:fasciae
308:tendons
239:is the
188:D008022
136:Details
90:scholar
4318:Mucoid
4289:Tendon
4272:Dermis
4210:Proper
4139:COL3A1
4121:Fibers
4094:matrix
3809:Spaces
3688:Uterus
3679:Pelvic
3558:Folds
3410:cavity
3327:Arches
3252:dorsal
3229:dorsal
3185:dorsal
3162:dorsal
3139:dorsal
3027:medial
2813:medial
2651:Joints
2514:Pelvis
2378:Thorax
2112:Joints
2045:Palmar
2022:Palmar
1775:Anular
1669:conoid
1564:Joints
1436:Joints
1092:Suture
1068:Joints
977:
882:
872:
864:
776:distal
743:extra-
726:Adult
516:Pelvis
499:Thorax
377:muscle
369:joints
174:Plural
142:System
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
4351:Blood
4254:Dense
4242:White
4237:Brown
4219:Loose
4202:Types
4015:Cells
3892:Liver
3876:Heart
3785:Male
3459:Liver
3208:Other
2120:torso
2054:Other
1966:thumb
1722:Elbow
1075:Types
922:(PDF)
723:Fetal
695:liver
572:Wrist
296:teeth
282:fetal
259:, or
245:bones
223:[
167:Latin
97:JSTOR
83:books
4346:Bone
4171:FBN3
4166:FBN2
4161:FBN1
3928:and
3511:From
3433:From
3389:and
2929:Foot
2725:Knee
2653:and
2114:and
1840:Hand
1566:and
1438:and
975:PMID
880:PMID
862:ISSN
700:The
681:The
604:Knee
310:and
195:TA98
183:MeSH
69:news
2667:Hip
2525:of
2169:Of
2145:Of
2118:of
1572:arm
1168:3°
1153:2°
1138:1°
967:doi
934:doi
870:PMC
854:doi
825:at
294:of
207:FMA
52:by
4372::
2598::
1653::
1632::
1019:.
995:.
973:.
963:23
961:.
957:.
928:.
924:.
878:.
868:.
860:.
850:32
848:.
844:.
445:.
422:.
339:.
255:,
251:,
235:A
3966:e
3959:t
3952:v
3860:e
3853:t
3846:v
3758:)
3754:(
3717:)
3690:/
3484:)
3468:(
3378:e
3371:t
3364:v
3025:/
3016:/
2691:)
2677:(
2643:e
2636:t
2629:v
2267:)
2263:(
2234:)
2225:(
2104:e
2097:t
2090:v
1968::
1939:)
1930:(
1877:/
1868:/
1859:/
1671:)
1662:(
1556:e
1549:t
1542:v
1523:)
1428:e
1421:t
1414:v
1377:/
1327:/
1318:/
1304:/
1295:/
1281:/
1272:/
1263:/
1254:/
1231:/
1131::
1060:e
1053:t
1046:v
1029:.
1005:.
981:.
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