1360:
913:
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466:
1966:
152:
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778:
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358:
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54:
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23:
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2756:. Instead of creating decorative styles on the facade, the architect creates style in the clear arrangement of space. These Nieuwe Bouwen buildings were less symmetrical and more expressive in form, using simple universal form such as cylinders or tubes, apparent in buildings such as the de Rex cinema building, now the Ria Restaurant (which was clumsily restored as an Art Deco style building) and the new building of the
4530:
196:
yet been protected; an example is the Mega Eltra building, constructed in 1912. It has since been demolished. Other heritage buildings that have been demolished are the
Kerapatan building on Jl. Brig. Jen. Katamso, a bank building on Jl. Pemuda and the Public Works office on Jl. Listrik. These events are reasoned to the lack of city planning by the city's officials and the minimal awareness of history in Medan.
2709:
4544:
1611:
1137:(1909). Unlike earlier low-quality architecture, the new traditionalist movement made use of modern materials, for example reinforced concrete and steel frames behind its classical facade. The classical facades are mostly of natural stone. The monumental character of this style was popular for offices, warehouses and garages.
97:. Subsequent rapid development ushered in a western-centric architectural style used in a number of colonial buildings built in Medan. These buildings range from houses, offices, hotels, stores, houses of worship, hospitals, and schools. Despite its relatively late modernization compared to older cities like
195:
Despite this abundance, many colonial buildings are being demolished. Non-governmental organizations claimed that almost 90% of the 42 protected buildings had either been demolished or modified, despite provincial ruling No. 6/1988 which bans the tamperingh of these buildings. 73 buildings had not
187:
Tropical styles. Like other Indies cities, junctions were designed as nodes, where the corner buildings have a unique facade facing the junction. These included towers, a rounded or oblique construction, or a set-back, giving each building a unique look resulting in different urban nodes. Examples
5702:
2767:
Medan also became the ground for the implementation of
Amsterdam School-styled buildings not found in many parts of Indonesia. The St. Elizabeth's hospital (1929) by J.M. Groenewegen and the original plan of Centrale Pasar (destroyed in a fire) show the influence of the Amsterdam School.
1110:
New technological possibilities gradually transformed the architectural style used in Medan into a modern form. Two architectural movements appeared in the
Netherlands and the Netherlands East Indies: Dutch Rationalism and Traditionalism.
209:
Some of the first colonial buildings of Medan were concentrated around the "Esplanade" (now the
Lapangan Merdeka), the station area, and around the Sultan's palace. Many of the first buildings were simple wooden structures, such as the
214:(The head office of the Deli Company in Medan), which during the time of its opening in 1870 was also used for a church, an administration building, a hospital and a feast hall, and the large wooden Old Sultan's Palace.
2655:
1359:
912:
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and other variations. Art Deco evolved from earlier Dutch
Rationalism. The form is symmetrical and exudes technological progress and glamour, with rich colors and bold geometric shapes.
1372:
5247:
1555:
1122:. The style is the result of an attempt to develop new solutions to integrate traditional precedents with new technological possibilities. The best example in Medan is the
5873:
5764:
4924:
4146:
1965:
5846:
3349:
151:
5453:
5348:
5657:
5158:
137:
108:
Medan is divided into three settlements. The colonial settlement is the city centre and contains central government infrastructure, the shopping area of
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The
Traditionalist movement appeared in the 1910s. It is basically the revival of the late 19th-century eclecticism, but was inspired mainly by
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805:
381:
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608:
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777:
5963:
144:(1907) at the southern end of the city next to Kesawan and the Chinese settlements. Here, the Dutch redesigned the main buildings in an
5251:
2748:
In the following period between the late 1930s and 1940s, Art Deco evolved into a new style known as Nieuwe Bouwen (the Dutch term for
1005:
2430:
1784:
105:, Medan has an abundant colonial architectural heritage. 42 buildings have been officially declared of significant historical value.
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5535:
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357:
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1118:
were the main inspiration for Dutch
Rationalism; the subsequent style in the tropical climate of Indonesia is known as the
128:. The Chinese settlement is a dense area on the eastern side of the Deli River, and intersects with Kesawan. The sprawling
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5477:
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30:
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1853:
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1489:
2493:
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5162:
3404:
4327:
2811:
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5836:
2503:
Pengadilan Negeri Medan dan
Pengadilan Tinggi Sumatera Utara, (Medan State Court and North Sumatra High Court)
719:
3525:
34:
5743:
Het
Indische bouwen: architectuur en stedebouw in Indonesie : Dutch and Indisch architecture 1800-1950
5741:
4054:
Woning van 'eilandgewest' Sumatra (1939); Ambtswoning van de gouverneur van de
Oostkust van Sumatra (1948)
2753:
1040:
53:
3288:
3247:
Boekhandel en Drukkerij Varekamp & Co. (Varekamp Bookstore and Printing Co.), Drukkerij J. Hallermann
1843:
1316:
Stoormvaartmaatschappij Nederland en Rotterdamse Lloyd; Nederlands-Indische Handelsbank, NIH (until 1940)
124:, the central market, as well as various churches, hospitals, schools, factories, train stations, and the
4632:
3074:
931:
Rumah Sakit PT Perkebunan Nusantara II Tembakau Deli, "PT Perkebunan Nusantara II Deli Tobacco Hospital"
253:
244:
5815:
5688:
2031:
249:
Demolished in 1930, on its site the Nederlands-Indische Handelsbank (now Bank Mandiri) was constructed
5931:"List of Medan Heritage (gives good list, however building information needs to be properly sourced)"
3842:
2226:
57:
Dutch colonial buildings around the vicinity of the Esplanade (now Lapangan Merdeka) in the 1920s.
5618:
2145:
2136:
1565:
BKS PPS (Badan Kerja-sama Perusahaan Perkebunan Sumatera), (Sumatra Planters Association) (1967)
641:
171:'s, as wealthy residents and the colonial government hired British and Dutch architects from the
996:
1130:
1115:
3119:
2757:
2375:
2288:
1133:. The best examples in Medan are Bank Indonesia (the former Javasche Bank, 1909) and the old
141:
2559:
Petodjo Ice Factory (demolished, on its site stands commercial complex Medan Bisnis Center)
4567:
3903:
2421:
192:(department store; now the mostly-abandoned Angkatan Muda Pembaharuan Indonesia building).
117:
8:
5769:
4535:
2749:
1900:
950:
172:
156:
5420:
5390:
1504:
Oranje Bioscoop; Gedung Kesenian; Restoran April Mop; Bioskop Bali (post-independence)
5504:
5102:
5906:
5832:
5805:
5727:
5692:
4562:
1123:
1085:
176:
82:
70:
5938:
5660:[Despite The Screening of Adult Movies, Medan's Cinemas Are Still Closing].
4590:
1126:, a fusion of Romanesque arch, traditional Dutch-styled gables, and new technology.
5851:
5527:
4521:
3027:
2742:
1956:
1119:
671:
183:
construction and facades mimic those in the Straits. Kesawan's architecture fuses
5720:
5481:
3465:
2761:
1728:
1134:
125:
5684:
The Emergence of a National Economy: An Economic History of Indonesia, 1800-2000
3516:
1200:, head office of the Deli Company, Director's Office of PT Perkebunan IX (1959)
148:
style, symbolising the dominance of the colony's cultural and political control.
5968:
5801:
5474:
5128:
4549:
2164:
1442:
1381:
90:
4220:
Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Pirngadi (Dr. Pirngadi Regional General Hospital)
3697:
Zwembad Medan, Zwembad Djalan Radja, Zwembad van de Medansche Zwemvereeniging
3630:
5957:
4478:
4465:
4415:
4402:
4384:
4356:
4343:
4300:
4287:
4269:
4248:
4235:
4185:
4172:
4128:
4115:
4079:
4066:
4030:
4017:
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3969:
3931:
3918:
3872:
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3821:
3808:
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3758:
3723:
3710:
3673:
3660:
3614:
3601:
3564:
3551:
3500:
3487:
3444:
3431:
3379:
3366:
3328:
3315:
3272:
3259:
3221:
3208:
3167:
3154:
3103:
3090:
3049:
3036:
2997:
2984:
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2934:
2896:
2883:
2848:
2835:
2692:
2679:
2637:
2624:
2588:
2575:
2531:
2518:
2475:
2462:
2405:
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2321:
2308:
2253:
2240:
2186:
2173:
2120:
2107:
2069:
2056:
2006:
1993:
1940:
1927:
1884:
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1812:
1759:
1746:
1707:
1694:
1657:
1644:
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1517:
1464:
1451:
1403:
1390:
1341:
1328:
1285:
1272:
1226:
1213:
1069:
1056:
980:
967:
896:
883:
844:
831:
759:
746:
701:
688:
623:
610:
558:
545:
527:
506:
493:
447:
434:
396:
383:
332:
319:
302:
281:
268:
184:
168:
160:
133:
121:
94:
4917:"Rumah Sakit Deli Maatschappaij; Ikon Sejarah Kesehatan dan Aspek Legalitas"
1419:
155:
Kesawan is heavily influenced by tropical British architecture found in the
4971:
4969:
1568:
AVROS (Algemeene Vereeniging van Rubberplanters ter Oostkust van Sumatera)
1434:
1197:
348:
78:
4051:
Rumah Dinas Gubernur Sumatera Utara, "North Sumatra Governor's Residence"
1480:
132:
native settlement is located around three Muslim architectural works: the
2269:
175:. The central open plaza was called the Esplanade, similar to the one in
145:
66:
4966:
4431:
2337:
113:
5658:"Walaupun Film Porno Ditayangkan, Bioskop di Medan Tetap Gulung Tikar"
3395:
2609:
Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Medan, (Medan Oil Palm Research Center)
1775:
574:
4628:
3242:
Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, (Department of Culture and Tourism)
2734:
1259:
Medan's Warenhuis (1919), Kantor Departemen Tenaga Kerja Tk. I Sumut
367:
Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, (Department of Culture and Tourism)
180:
74:
2022:
5159:"Gereja HKBP Sudirman Jadi Ikon Sejarah Kota Medan - HKBPMedan.org"
2738:
102:
5726:. Indonesian Heritage. Vol. 6. Singapore: Archipelago Press.
4201:
2380:
Watertoren van Ajer Beresih Waterleiding Maatschappij en omgeving
1373:
Nederlandsch-Indische Levensverzekerings en Lijfrente Maatschappij
1301:
4223:
Gemeente Ziekenhuis, (Municipal Hospital); Syuritsu Byusono Ince
4100:
Rumah Sakit Militer Putri Hijau, (Putri Hijau Military Hospital)
1105:
1039:
Ambtswoning van de resident van het Oostkust van Sumatra (1898),
419:(demolished, now Bank Negara Indonesia - KCP Medan Pulau Pinang)
129:
109:
98:
86:
5341:"Gedung Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Provinsi Sumatera Utara"
4656:
4654:
3747:
de Rotonde; Djawatan Penerangan Propinsi Sumatera Utara (1950s)
4981:
4629:"Penghancuran Estetika Kota: Bangunan Bersejarah di Kota Medan"
2708:
93:
moved his residence there in 1891, Medan became the capital of
4727:
4725:
4529:
2764:
has made his mark on many of Medan's Nieuwe Bouwen buildings.
188:
include the AVROS building (now the BKS-PPS building) and the
5613:[History of Dr. Pirngadi Regional General Hospital].
4651:
62:
5937:. Badan Warisan Sumatra Heritage Trust. 2016. Archived from
4103:
Kantoor van Deli Planters Vereeniging en Immigranten Bureau
3588:
Arnhemse Levensverzekeringsmaatschappij, (Arnhem Insurance)
2041:
Katholiek schoolinternaat, (Roman Catholic boarding school)
61:
A variety of infrastructure were constructed in the city of
5590:
5588:
5586:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5018:
5016:
4849:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4841:
4839:
4722:
85:(village) of a few hundred people into the largest city in
5876:[Story behind the majestic dome of AVROS, Medan].
5299:
5297:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5199:
5197:
5195:
5014:
5012:
5010:
5008:
5006:
5004:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4996:
4882:
4809:
4807:
4805:
4803:
4801:
2612:
AVROS-proetstation voor de rubbercultuur te Kampong Baroe
1610:
5561:
5559:
5557:
5555:
5553:
5182:
5180:
5085:
5083:
5039:
5037:
5035:
5033:
5031:
4956:
4954:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4880:
4878:
4876:
4874:
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4870:
4868:
4866:
4864:
4862:
4826:
4824:
4822:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4700:
4698:
4696:
4694:
4692:
4690:
4688:
4686:
4684:
5740:
5633:
5583:
5321:
5266:
5221:
5209:
4975:
4836:
4156:
Rumah Sakit Santa Elisabeth, (St. Elisabeth's Hospital)
3792:
Perguruan Kristen Immanuel, (Immanuel Christian School)
477:(demolished, and replaced with larger building in 1910)
5363:
5309:
5278:
5192:
4993:
4798:
4710:
81:
in 1869, the city was transformed rapidly from a small
5571:
5550:
5177:
5080:
5028:
4951:
4939:
4892:
4859:
4819:
4777:
4754:
4681:
4605:
2155:
Kereta Api (Persero) Divisi Regional I Sumatera Utara
3077:(1929); Gunseikanbu (Japanese occupation); Bank Exim
5058:
5056:
5054:
5052:
4511:
204:
5899:"Medan: The Advent of a North Sumatran Modern City"
5068:
5845:
5719:
4660:
5765:"Battle to preserve North Sumatra's smoking past"
5049:
4744:
4742:
4740:
4671:
4669:
3537:(facade modified with pseudo-classical ornament)
5955:
5717:
5440:
5438:
4987:
2442:(demolished, on its site stands the monument of
3471:Rooms-Katholieke Kerk, (Roman Catholic Church)
2158:Hoofdkantoor van de Deli Spoorweg Maatschappij
5528:"- Prinses Beatrix school - School in Medan -"
5491:
5489:
5446:"Gereja Katedral Santa Maria Tak Bernoda Asal"
5248:"Pengadilan Negeri Medan - Sejarah Pengadilan"
4737:
4666:
3300:Gereja Bala Keselamatan, (The Salvation Army)
1106:Rationalism and Traditionalism (1900s – 1920s)
212:hoofdkantoor van de Deli Maatschappij te Medan
5435:
3848:Nederlandsch Indische Gasmaatschappij (NIGM)
2872:Chartered Bank of India, China and Australia
116:and the Babura Rivers, the affluent tropical
5468:
2971:Nederlandsch-Indische Escompto Maatschappij
167:Medan's architecture, was closely linked to
140:(late 19th-century, now demolished) and the
5793:Gids historische stadswandelingen Indonesië
5486:
4321:SMPN 1 Medan, (Medan junior high school 1)
3070:Bank Mandiri Medan Lapangan Merdeka (1998)
5503:(in Dutch). TU Delft. 2016. Archived from
5375:
3303:Weeshuis Leger des Heils; internment camp
2728:
5831:] (in Dutch). Purmerend: Asia Maior.
5822:
5746:. Helmond: Gemeentemuseum Helmond. 1990.
5639:
5594:
5405:
5369:
5327:
5315:
5303:
5272:
5234:
5215:
5203:
5022:
4853:
4813:
4731:
4716:
4704:
2092:(demolished in 1946's social revolution)
5905:. Sumatra Heritage Trust. Archived from
5874:"Kisah di Balik Kubah Megah AVROS Medan"
5789:
5577:
5565:
5501:Colonial architecture & townplanning
5186:
5089:
5043:
4960:
4945:
4903:
4886:
4830:
4792:
4771:
4589:. N.V. Deli Maatschappij. Archived from
1794:Gereja Kristen Indonesia Sumatera Utara
150:
52:
5872:Thamrin, Mahandis Y. (19 August 2013).
5871:
5762:
5605:
5603:
5519:
5074:
5956:
5855:. Jakarta. 5 June 2002. Archived from
5847:"Medan loses its historical buildings"
3021:Nederlands-Indische Handelsbank (NIH)
2359:Lindeteves-Stokvis (1912); BPM (1952)
480:Hoofdkantoor van de Deli Maatschappij
475:Hoofdkantoor van de Deli Maatschappij
5664:(in Indonesian). Aceh. Archived from
5655:
5617:(in Indonesian). 2013. Archived from
5062:
817:(revamped, only the facade remained)
179:; it is now called Lapangan Merdeka.
77:. Following the establishment of the
5680:
5615:Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Pirngadi
5600:
4639:from the original on 21 January 2021
4622:
4620:
4611:
1254:Angkatan Muda Pembaharuan Indonesia
787:Paleis van de Tengku Besar van Deli
199:
17:
5798:Guide historic city tours Indonesia
5538:from the original on 9 January 2021
5456:from the original on 9 January 2021
5351:from the original on 9 January 2021
5139:from the original on 9 January 2021
3904:Handelsvereniging 'Amsterdam' (HVA)
13:
5964:Colonial architecture in Indonesia
5896:
5750:from the original on 7 August 2023
5525:
5126:
5108:from the original on 2 August 2016
4927:from the original on 19 April 2017
4748:
4675:
4626:
4558:Colonial architecture of Indonesia
4495:
4439:
4430:
4373:
4209:
4200:
4145:
3889:
3629:
3524:
3515:
3403:
3394:
3287:
3127:
3118:
2810:
2716:
2707:
2654:
2548:
2492:
2429:
2420:
2345:
2336:
2277:
2268:
2210:
2201:
2144:
2135:
2030:
2021:
1964:
1955:
1899:
1842:
1783:
1774:
1618:
1609:
1554:
1545:
1488:
1479:
1418:
1358:
1300:
1256:(neglected, heavily deteriorated)
1243:
1180:
1093:
1084:
1004:
995:
920:
911:
804:
776:
718:
640:
582:
573:
464:
356:
347:
14:
5980:
5923:
5823:Loderichs, M.A. (November 1997).
5705:from the original on 23 July 2016
5611:"Sejarah RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan"
4617:
2733:This period saw the emergence of
1683:Ford Motors Reparatie Werkplaats
1678:Ford Motors Reparatie Werkplaats
205:Eclecticism (before 20th century)
4542:
4528:
4514:
3644:(demolished, now Kampus I STTH)
2090:Kerapatan Deli, second building
1980:Medan Post- en telegraafkantoor
1020:Sociëteit De Witte (first form)
112:, the military area between the
21:
5880:(in Indonesian). Archived from
5763:Janssen, Peter (1 April 2015).
5499:[Medan Swimming Pool].
5333:
5240:
5151:
5129:"- de Oranje School in Medan -"
5120:
5095:
4909:
3075:Nederlandse Handel-Maatschappij
2562:N.V. IJsmaatschappij 'Petodjo'
1912:Kantor Gubernur Sumatera Utara
1501:(demolished, now Vihara Medan)
593:Kerapatan Deli, first building
5935:Medan - Understanding Heritage
5718:Gunawan Tjahjono, ed. (1998).
5648:
5413:"MEDAN Understanding Heritage"
5383:"MEDAN Understanding Heritage"
4579:
2449:Pasar Petissah, Pasar Petisah
247:(Netherlands Trading Society)
1:
5878:National Geographic Indonesia
5800:] (in Dutch). Amsterdam:
5656:AT; M; MR (28 October 2012).
4573:
2440:Pasar Boender, (Round Market)
1733:Raadhuis, Gemeentehuis Medan
535:26 August 1888 - 18 May 1891
4976:Gemeentemuseum Helmond, 1990
934:Hospitaal Deli Maatschappij
789:(destroyed by fire in 1921)
7:
4633:University of North Sumatra
4507:
3900:PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV
3542:First half of 20th-century
3354:Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk
3244:(deteriorating as of 2016)
1043:(Gouverneurshuis te Medan)
10:
5985:
5829:Medan - Pictures of a city
5825:Medan - Beeld van een stad
5689:University of Hawaii Press
4387:, (Medan Railway Station)
4159:Sint-Elisabeth Ziekenhuis
2737:and its varieties, namely
2668:Telefoondienst van de DSM
2227:Harrisons & Crossfield
867:(abandoned, deteriorated)
3911:Hulswit-Fermont-Cuypers
3843:Perusahaan Listrik Negara
3417:Batak Protestantschekerk
2095:Delische Rijksraadgebouw
1680:(abandoned, dilapidated)
1041:Governor's house in Medan
1017:(first form, demolished)
792:Istana Tengku Besar Deli
598:Delische Rijksraadgebouw
146:Orientalistic-Imperialist
5790:Leushuis, Emile (2011).
5681:Dick, Howard W. (2002).
4385:Stasiun Kereta Api Medan
1915:Proefstation Deli Tabak
1036:Standard Chartered Bank
370:Deli vrijmetselaarsloge
4390:Station, Medan Station
3795:Prinses Beatrix school
3694:Paradiso Swimming Pool
2799:Gemeentelijke Vismarkt
2729:Modernism (1920s-1940s)
5480:9 January 2021 at the
4661:The Jakarta Post, 2002
4500:
4479:3.576293°N 98.686667°E
4444:
4435:
4416:3.590879°N 98.679741°E
4378:
4357:3.581334°N 98.674462°E
4301:3.591731°N 98.687068°E
4249:3.597448°N 98.688127°E
4214:
4205:
4186:3.575231°N 98.676731°E
4150:
4129:3.599729°N 98.672663°E
4080:3.574505°N 98.669544°E
4031:3.585942°N 98.679679°E
3983:3.585575°N 98.682685°E
3932:3.580365°N 98.679618°E
3894:
3873:3.585871°N 98.676060°E
3822:3.577938°N 98.676022°E
3772:3.590754°N 98.684600°E
3724:3.579899°N 98.685081°E
3674:3.576591°N 98.677813°E
3634:
3615:3.583795°N 98.674080°E
3585:Museum Perjuangan TNI
3565:3.587979°N 98.678450°E
3529:
3520:
3501:3.584224°N 98.681374°E
3445:3.577081°N 98.671204°E
3408:
3399:
3380:3.580823°N 98.672941°E
3329:3.573849°N 98.680566°E
3292:
3273:3.585084°N 98.680455°E
3222:3.590330°N 98.685849°E
3168:3.586502°N 98.679300°E
3132:
3123:
3104:3.589581°N 98.677737°E
3050:3.588925°N 98.677956°E
2998:3.584934°N 98.680689°E
2948:3.586637°N 98.679211°E
2897:3.586742°N 98.679050°E
2849:3.587723°N 98.678539°E
2815:
2721:
2712:
2693:3.594281°N 98.679577°E
2659:
2638:3.556535°N 98.687995°E
2589:3.587797°N 98.667875°E
2553:
2532:3.587658°N 98.672572°E
2497:
2476:3.591469°N 98.671103°E
2434:
2425:
2406:3.582158°N 98.685049°E
2350:
2341:
2322:3.575111°N 98.687321°E
2301:Van Erp, JA Tingdeman
2282:
2273:
2254:3.588613°N 98.678080°E
2215:
2206:
2187:3.593770°N 98.679736°E
2149:
2140:
2121:3.576757°N 98.684962°E
2070:3.589017°N 98.668682°E
2035:
2026:
2007:3.591851°N 98.677404°E
1969:
1960:
1941:3.580418°N 98.672145°E
1904:
1885:3.577416°N 98.677558°E
1847:
1826:3.583877°N 98.671651°E
1788:
1779:
1760:3.590380°N 98.677188°E
1729:Gedung Balai Kota Lama
1708:3.587162°N 98.675871°E
1658:3.585066°N 98.680220°E
1623:
1614:
1595:3.584420°N 98.680551°E
1559:
1550:
1531:3.589886°N 98.681097°E
1493:
1484:
1465:3.590752°N 98.676977°E
1423:
1404:3.584277°N 98.680138°E
1363:
1342:3.588661°N 98.678436°E
1305:
1286:3.588343°N 98.676836°E
1248:
1227:3.592962°N 98.675214°E
1185:
1116:Hendrik Petrus Berlage
1098:
1089:
1070:3.583471°N 98.675941°E
1009:
1000:
981:3.585519°N 98.680507°E
925:
916:
897:3.588479°N 98.678514°E
845:3.586291°N 98.679437°E
809:
781:
760:3.577059°N 98.688879°E
723:
702:3.732337°N 98.676074°E
645:
624:3.579600°N 98.684417°E
587:
578:
559:3.575234°N 98.683829°E
538:Theo van Erp, Ferrari
507:3.592962°N 98.675214°E
469:
448:3.589329°N 98.679815°E
397:3.594070°N 98.680533°E
361:
352:
333:3.591598°N 98.676851°E
282:3.588925°N 98.677956°E
164:
58:
4988:Gunawan Tjahjono 1998
4499:
4443:
4434:
4377:
4213:
4204:
4149:
3893:
3633:
3528:
3519:
3407:
3398:
3291:
3131:
3122:
3028:C.P. Wolff Schoemaker
2917:Bank Danamon Kesawan
2814:
2758:Medan railway station
2720:
2711:
2658:
2552:
2496:
2433:
2424:
2376:Tirtanadi Water Tower
2349:
2340:
2281:
2272:
2214:
2205:
2148:
2139:
2034:
2025:
1968:
1959:
1903:
1846:
1787:
1778:
1622:
1613:
1558:
1549:
1492:
1483:
1422:
1362:
1304:
1247:
1184:
1097:
1088:
1008:
999:
924:
915:
808:
780:
722:
672:Masjid Raya Al-Osmani
644:
586:
577:
468:
360:
351:
154:
56:
4568:History of Indonesia
4274:Su Tung School 蘇東中學
3954:(clumsily restored)
3480:(expansion in 1928)
3468:, (Medan Cathedral)
3141:Warenhuis Cornfield
1986:S. Snuyf (from BOW)
1977:(Medan Post Office)
729:Old Sultan's Palace
35:adding missing items
5909:on 24 December 2015
5770:Nikkei Asian Review
5063:AT, M & MR 2012
4734:, pp. 16, 105.
4614:, pp. 95, 103.
4536:Architecture portal
4484:3.576293; 98.686667
4475: /
4421:3.590879; 98.679741
4412: /
4362:3.581334; 98.674462
4353: /
4306:3.591731; 98.687068
4297: /
4254:3.597448; 98.688127
4245: /
4191:3.575231; 98.676731
4182: /
4134:3.599729; 98.672663
4125: /
4085:3.574505; 98.669544
4076: /
4036:3.585942; 98.679679
4027: /
3988:3.585575; 98.682685
3979: /
3937:3.580365; 98.679618
3928: /
3878:3.585871; 98.676060
3869: /
3827:3.577938; 98.676022
3818: /
3777:3.590754; 98.684600
3768: /
3729:3.579899; 98.685081
3720: /
3679:3.576591; 98.677813
3670: /
3620:3.583795; 98.674080
3611: /
3570:3.587979; 98.678450
3561: /
3506:3.584224; 98.681374
3497: /
3450:3.577081; 98.671204
3441: /
3422:(first stone laid)
3385:3.580823; 98.672941
3376: /
3334:3.573849; 98.680566
3325: /
3278:3.585084; 98.680455
3269: /
3227:3.590330; 98.685849
3218: /
3173:3.586502; 98.679300
3164: /
3109:3.589581; 98.677737
3100: /
3055:3.588925; 98.677956
3046: /
3003:3.584934; 98.680689
2994: /
2953:3.586637; 98.679211
2944: /
2902:3.586742; 98.679050
2893: /
2854:3.587723; 98.678539
2845: /
2774:Last official name
2698:3.594281; 98.679577
2689: /
2643:3.556535; 98.687995
2634: /
2594:3.587797; 98.667875
2585: /
2537:3.587658; 98.672572
2528: /
2481:3.591469; 98.671103
2472: /
2411:3.582158; 98.685049
2402: /
2327:3.575111; 98.687321
2318: /
2259:3.588613; 98.678080
2250: /
2192:3.593770; 98.679736
2183: /
2126:3.576757; 98.684962
2117: /
2075:3.589017; 98.668682
2066: /
2012:3.591851; 98.677404
2003: /
1946:3.580418; 98.672145
1937: /
1890:3.577416; 98.677558
1881: /
1831:3.583877; 98.671651
1822: /
1797:Gereformeerde Kerk
1765:3.590380; 98.677188
1756: /
1713:3.587162; 98.675871
1704: /
1663:3.585066; 98.680220
1654: /
1600:3.584420; 98.680551
1591: /
1536:3.589886; 98.681097
1527: /
1470:3.590752; 98.676977
1461: /
1409:3.584277; 98.680138
1400: /
1369:Asuransi Jiwasraya
1347:3.588661; 98.678436
1338: /
1319:early 20th-century
1291:3.588343; 98.676836
1282: /
1232:3.592962; 98.675214
1223: /
1191:Abandoned building
1143:Last official name
1075:3.583471; 98.675941
1066: /
1015:Sociëteit De Witte
986:3.585519; 98.680507
977: /
902:3.588479; 98.678514
893: /
850:3.586291; 98.679437
841: /
765:3.577059; 98.688879
756: /
707:3.732337; 98.676074
698: /
629:3.579600; 98.684417
620: /
564:3.575234; 98.683829
555: /
512:3.592962; 98.675214
503: /
453:3.589329; 98.679815
444: /
402:3.594070; 98.680533
393: /
338:3.591598; 98.676851
329: /
287:3.588925; 98.677956
278: /
220:Last official name
173:Straits Settlements
157:Straits Settlements
5897:Widodo, Johannes.
4627:Asmyta, Surbakti.
4501:
4445:
4436:
4379:
4215:
4206:
4151:
3895:
3635:
3530:
3521:
3420:25 September 1927
3409:
3400:
3293:
3147:H. van den Heuvel
3133:
3124:
2816:
2722:
2713:
2660:
2554:
2506:Raad van Justitie
2498:
2435:
2426:
2351:
2342:
2283:
2274:
2216:
2207:
2150:
2141:
2036:
2027:
1970:
1961:
1905:
1848:
1789:
1780:
1624:
1615:
1560:
1551:
1494:
1485:
1424:
1364:
1306:
1249:
1186:
1166:Chung Chow School
1099:
1090:
1010:
1001:
926:
917:
810:
795:late 19th-century
782:
737:late 19th-century
724:
646:
588:
579:
470:
417:Grand Hotel Medan
362:
353:
252:Agentschap van de
243:Agentschap van de
165:
59:
33:; you can help by
4593:on 13 August 2015
4563:Cultural heritage
4505:
4504:
4165:J.M. Groenewegen
3801:J.M. Groenewegen
3703:J.M. Groenewegen
3653:J.M. Groenewegen
3594:J.M. Groenewegen
3474:January 30, 1928
3414:HKBP Uskup Agung
2869:Bank BNI Kesawan
2741:, Nieuwe Bouwen,
2726:
2725:
2289:Masjid Raya Medan
1975:Kantor Pos Medan
1313:Asuransi Jasindo
1198:Deli Maatschappij
1196:Hoofdkantoor van
1124:Medan Post Office
1103:
1102:
951:Rumah Tjong A Fie
651:Lapangan Merdeka
303:Dharma Deli Hotel
200:List of buildings
71:Dutch East Indies
51:
50:
5976:
5950:
5948:
5946:
5941:on 20 March 2016
5918:
5916:
5914:
5893:
5891:
5889:
5868:
5866:
5864:
5852:The Jakarta Post
5842:
5819:
5818:on 7 March 2016.
5814:. Archived from
5786:
5784:
5782:
5773:. Archived from
5759:
5757:
5755:
5737:
5725:
5714:
5712:
5710:
5677:
5675:
5673:
5668:on 16 March 2016
5662:The Aceh Traffic
5643:
5637:
5631:
5630:
5628:
5626:
5621:on 27 March 2016
5607:
5598:
5592:
5581:
5575:
5569:
5563:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5543:
5523:
5517:
5516:
5514:
5512:
5493:
5484:
5472:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5442:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5419:. Archived from
5409:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5398:
5389:. Archived from
5379:
5373:
5367:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5356:
5337:
5331:
5325:
5319:
5313:
5307:
5301:
5276:
5270:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5259:
5254:on 31 March 2016
5250:. Archived from
5244:
5238:
5232:
5219:
5213:
5207:
5201:
5190:
5184:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5170:
5161:. Archived from
5155:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5144:
5124:
5118:
5117:
5115:
5113:
5099:
5093:
5087:
5078:
5072:
5066:
5060:
5047:
5041:
5026:
5020:
4991:
4985:
4979:
4978:, pp. 20–1.
4973:
4964:
4958:
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4932:
4913:
4907:
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4890:
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4720:
4714:
4708:
4702:
4679:
4673:
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4658:
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4644:
4624:
4615:
4609:
4603:
4602:
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4583:
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4546:
4545:
4538:
4533:
4532:
4524:
4522:Indonesia portal
4519:
4518:
4517:
4490:
4489:
4487:
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4485:
4480:
4476:
4473:
4472:
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4468:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4405:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4358:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4349:
4346:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
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4298:
4295:
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4260:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4255:
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4246:
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4226:August 11, 1928
4197:
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4140:
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4042:
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4003:Restoran Tiptop
3994:
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3478:J.M. Groenewegen
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3006:
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2987:
2977:Fermont-Cuypers
2959:
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2762:J.M. Groenewegen
2743:Amsterdam School
2704:
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2197:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1435:De Javasche Bank
1415:
1414:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1140:
1139:
1120:New Indies Style
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1059:
992:
991:
989:
988:
987:
982:
978:
975:
974:
973:
970:
908:
907:
905:
904:
903:
898:
894:
891:
890:
889:
886:
856:
855:
853:
852:
851:
846:
842:
839:
838:
837:
834:
771:
770:
768:
767:
766:
761:
757:
754:
753:
752:
749:
731:(razed in 1946)
713:
712:
710:
709:
708:
703:
699:
696:
695:
694:
691:
635:
634:
632:
631:
630:
625:
621:
618:
617:
616:
613:
570:
569:
567:
566:
565:
560:
556:
553:
552:
551:
548:
518:
517:
515:
514:
513:
508:
504:
501:
500:
499:
496:
459:
458:
456:
455:
454:
449:
445:
442:
441:
440:
437:
408:
407:
405:
404:
403:
398:
394:
391:
390:
389:
386:
344:
343:
341:
340:
339:
334:
330:
327:
326:
325:
322:
293:
292:
290:
289:
288:
283:
279:
276:
275:
274:
271:
217:
216:
46:
43:
25:
24:
18:
5984:
5983:
5979:
5978:
5977:
5975:
5974:
5973:
5954:
5953:
5944:
5942:
5929:
5926:
5921:
5912:
5910:
5887:
5885:
5884:on 3 March 2016
5862:
5860:
5859:on 5 March 2016
5839:
5812:
5780:
5778:
5777:on 5 March 2016
5753:
5751:
5734:
5708:
5706:
5699:
5671:
5669:
5651:
5646:
5638:
5634:
5624:
5622:
5609:
5608:
5601:
5593:
5584:
5576:
5572:
5564:
5551:
5541:
5539:
5524:
5520:
5510:
5508:
5507:on 3 April 2016
5497:"Zwembad Medan"
5495:
5494:
5487:
5482:Wayback Machine
5475:De Oranjeschool
5473:
5469:
5459:
5457:
5444:
5443:
5436:
5426:
5424:
5423:on 7 April 2016
5411:
5410:
5406:
5396:
5394:
5393:on 7 April 2016
5381:
5380:
5376:
5368:
5364:
5354:
5352:
5339:
5338:
5334:
5326:
5322:
5314:
5310:
5302:
5279:
5271:
5267:
5257:
5255:
5246:
5245:
5241:
5233:
5222:
5214:
5210:
5202:
5193:
5185:
5178:
5168:
5166:
5165:on 8 April 2016
5157:
5156:
5152:
5142:
5140:
5125:
5121:
5111:
5109:
5101:
5100:
5096:
5088:
5081:
5073:
5069:
5061:
5050:
5042:
5029:
5021:
4994:
4986:
4982:
4974:
4967:
4959:
4952:
4944:
4940:
4930:
4928:
4915:
4914:
4910:
4902:
4893:
4885:
4860:
4852:
4837:
4829:
4820:
4812:
4799:
4791:
4778:
4770:
4755:
4747:
4738:
4730:
4723:
4715:
4711:
4703:
4682:
4674:
4667:
4659:
4652:
4642:
4640:
4625:
4618:
4610:
4606:
4596:
4594:
4585:
4584:
4580:
4576:
4548:
4543:
4541:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4483:
4481:
4477:
4474:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4450:Taman Sri Deli
4420:
4418:
4414:
4411:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4352:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4322:
4305:
4303:
4299:
4296:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4075:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4014:
4013:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3953:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3927:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3868:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3826:
3824:
3820:
3817:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3767:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3678:
3676:
3672:
3669:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3643:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3560:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3536:
3505:
3503:
3499:
3496:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3421:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3375:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3350:Immanuel Church
3333:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3243:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3192:
3191:Centrale Pasar
3172:
3170:
3166:
3163:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3054:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3002:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2921:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2731:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2584:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2441:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2294:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2222:London Sumatera
2191:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2091:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2002:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1976:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1936:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1856:Sudirman Medan
1830:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1742:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1679:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1632:Carl Schlieper
1599:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1500:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1431:Bank Indonesia
1408:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1255:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1192:
1135:Medan City Hall
1108:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1016:
985:
983:
979:
976:
971:
968:
966:
964:
963:
901:
899:
895:
892:
887:
884:
882:
880:
879:
866:
849:
847:
843:
840:
835:
832:
830:
828:
827:
816:
788:
764:
762:
758:
755:
750:
747:
745:
743:
742:
730:
706:
704:
700:
697:
692:
689:
687:
685:
684:
628:
626:
622:
619:
614:
611:
609:
607:
606:
594:
563:
561:
557:
554:
549:
546:
544:
542:
541:
511:
509:
505:
502:
497:
494:
492:
490:
489:
476:
452:
450:
446:
443:
438:
435:
433:
431:
430:
418:
401:
399:
395:
392:
387:
384:
382:
380:
379:
337:
335:
331:
328:
323:
320:
318:
316:
315:
286:
284:
280:
277:
272:
269:
267:
265:
264:
248:
207:
202:
73:, which is now
47:
41:
38:
22:
12:
11:
5:
5982:
5972:
5971:
5966:
5952:
5951:
5925:
5924:External links
5922:
5920:
5919:
5903:Medan Heritage
5894:
5869:
5843:
5837:
5820:
5810:
5802:KIT Publishers
5787:
5760:
5738:
5732:
5715:
5697:
5678:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5642:, p. 107.
5640:Loderichs 1997
5632:
5599:
5597:, p. 147.
5595:Loderichs 1997
5582:
5570:
5549:
5532:medanschool.nl
5518:
5485:
5467:
5450:blogspot.co.id
5434:
5417:m-heritage.org
5404:
5387:m-heritage.org
5374:
5370:Loderichs 1997
5362:
5345:blogspot.co.id
5332:
5330:, p. 119.
5328:Loderichs 1997
5320:
5316:Loderichs 1997
5308:
5304:Loderichs 1997
5277:
5275:, p. 117.
5273:Loderichs 1997
5265:
5239:
5237:, p. 122.
5235:Loderichs 1997
5220:
5218:, p. 126.
5216:Loderichs 1997
5208:
5204:Loderichs 1997
5191:
5176:
5150:
5133:medanschool.nl
5119:
5103:"Boon, Ch. M."
5094:
5079:
5067:
5048:
5027:
5023:Loderichs 1997
4992:
4990:, p. 120.
4980:
4965:
4950:
4938:
4921:blogspot.co.id
4908:
4891:
4858:
4856:, p. 123.
4854:Loderichs 1997
4835:
4818:
4814:Loderichs 1997
4797:
4776:
4753:
4736:
4732:Loderichs 1997
4721:
4719:, p. 109.
4717:Loderichs 1997
4709:
4705:Loderichs 1997
4680:
4665:
4650:
4616:
4604:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4554:
4553:
4550:History portal
4539:
4525:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4493:
4491:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4451:
4447:
4446:
4437:
4428:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4381:
4380:
4371:
4369:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4326:Gouvernements
4324:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4313:
4281:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4216:
4207:
4198:
4166:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4153:
4152:
4143:
4141:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4092:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3995:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3887:
3885:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3834:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3627:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3522:
3513:
3481:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3466:Katedral Medan
3462:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3425:
3423:
3418:
3415:
3411:
3410:
3401:
3392:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3285:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3234:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3125:
3116:
3084:
3083:J. de Bruijn
3081:
3078:
3071:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3030:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2714:
2705:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2652:
2650:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2546:
2544:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2500:
2499:
2490:
2488:
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2302:
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2224:
2218:
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2208:
2199:
2167:
2162:
2159:
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2142:
2133:
2101:
2099:
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2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2028:
2019:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1962:
1953:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1897:
1865:
1863:
1862:1 August 1912
1860:
1859:Elisabethkerk
1857:
1850:
1849:
1840:
1838:
1806:
1801:
1798:
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1562:
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1552:
1543:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1445:
1443:Eduard Cuypers
1440:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1416:
1384:
1382:Thomas Karsten
1379:
1376:
1370:
1366:
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1356:
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1091:
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993:
961:
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953:
947:
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942:
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938:
935:
932:
928:
927:
918:
909:
877:
874:
871:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:Piaggio/Vespa
812:
811:
802:
800:
798:
796:
793:
790:
784:
783:
774:
772:
740:
738:
735:
732:
726:
725:
716:
714:
682:
680:
677:
675:
668:
667:
665:
663:
661:
658:
655:
652:
648:
647:
638:
636:
604:
601:
599:
596:
590:
589:
580:
571:
539:
536:
533:
532:Istana Maimun
530:
524:
523:
521:
519:
487:
484:
481:
478:
472:
471:
462:
460:
428:
426:
423:
422:Hotel de Vink
420:
414:
413:
411:
409:
377:
374:
371:
368:
364:
363:
354:
345:
313:
311:
308:
307:Hotel De Boer
305:
299:
298:
296:
294:
262:
259:
256:
250:
240:
239:
236:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
206:
203:
201:
198:
126:former airport
91:Sultan of Deli
49:
48:
28:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5981:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5959:
5940:
5936:
5932:
5928:
5927:
5908:
5904:
5900:
5895:
5883:
5879:
5875:
5870:
5858:
5854:
5853:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5834:
5830:
5826:
5821:
5817:
5813:
5811:9789460221620
5807:
5803:
5799:
5795:
5794:
5788:
5776:
5772:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5749:
5745:
5744:
5739:
5735:
5733:981-3018-30-5
5729:
5724:
5723:
5716:
5704:
5700:
5698:9780824825522
5694:
5690:
5686:
5685:
5679:
5667:
5663:
5659:
5654:
5653:
5641:
5636:
5620:
5616:
5612:
5606:
5604:
5596:
5591:
5589:
5587:
5580:, p. 60.
5579:
5578:Leushuis 2011
5574:
5568:, p. 67.
5567:
5566:Leushuis 2011
5562:
5560:
5558:
5556:
5554:
5537:
5533:
5529:
5522:
5506:
5502:
5498:
5492:
5490:
5483:
5479:
5476:
5471:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5441:
5439:
5422:
5418:
5414:
5408:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5378:
5372:, p. 58.
5371:
5366:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5336:
5329:
5324:
5318:, p. 89.
5317:
5312:
5306:, p. 25.
5305:
5300:
5298:
5296:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5288:
5286:
5284:
5282:
5274:
5269:
5253:
5249:
5243:
5236:
5231:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5217:
5212:
5206:, p. 28.
5205:
5200:
5198:
5196:
5189:, p. 65.
5188:
5187:Leushuis 2011
5183:
5181:
5164:
5160:
5154:
5138:
5134:
5130:
5123:
5107:
5104:
5098:
5092:, p. 62.
5091:
5090:Leushuis 2011
5086:
5084:
5076:
5071:
5064:
5059:
5057:
5055:
5053:
5046:, p. 57.
5045:
5044:Leushuis 2011
5040:
5038:
5036:
5034:
5032:
5025:, p. 32.
5024:
5019:
5017:
5015:
5013:
5011:
5009:
5007:
5005:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4989:
4984:
4977:
4972:
4970:
4963:, p. 64.
4962:
4961:Leushuis 2011
4957:
4955:
4948:, p. 61.
4947:
4946:Leushuis 2011
4942:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4912:
4906:, p. 58.
4905:
4904:Leushuis 2011
4900:
4898:
4896:
4889:, p. 59.
4888:
4887:Leushuis 2011
4883:
4881:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4865:
4863:
4855:
4850:
4848:
4846:
4844:
4842:
4840:
4833:, p. 70.
4832:
4831:Leushuis 2011
4827:
4825:
4823:
4816:, p. 17.
4815:
4810:
4808:
4806:
4804:
4802:
4795:, p. 56.
4794:
4793:Leushuis 2011
4789:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4774:, p. 55.
4773:
4772:Leushuis 2011
4768:
4766:
4764:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4750:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4733:
4728:
4726:
4718:
4713:
4707:, p. 16.
4706:
4701:
4699:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4691:
4689:
4687:
4685:
4677:
4672:
4670:
4662:
4657:
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4638:
4634:
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4623:
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4608:
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4540:
4537:
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4526:
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4512:
4498:
4494:
4492:
4488:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4448:
4442:
4438:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4376:
4372:
4370:
4366:
4338:
4335:
4332:
4329:
4325:
4323:(demolished)
4320:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4270:Sutomo School
4268:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4212:
4208:
4203:
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4167:
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4110:
4108:
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4102:
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4095:
4093:
4089:
4061:
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4056:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3952:Restoran Ria
3951:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3941:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3892:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3841:
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3800:
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3705:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3647:Oranjeschool
3646:
3642:Oranjeschool
3641:
3640:
3637:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3583:
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3347:
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3310:
3308:
3306:Jan 18, 1937
3305:
3302:
3299:
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3290:
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3177:
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3140:
3137:
3136:
3130:
3126:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:de Factorij,
3072:
3069:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3018:Bank Mandiri
3017:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3007:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2968:Bank Mandiri
2967:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2920:Bank of China
2919:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2813:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2792:Oldest image
2791:
2789:Latest image
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2777:Former names
2776:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2754:Functionalism
2751:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2719:
2715:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2674:
2672:
2670:
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2647:
2619:
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2608:
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2598:
2570:
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2558:
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2547:
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2541:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2495:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2444:Guru Patimpus
2439:
2438:
2432:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
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2370:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2348:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2293:Grote Moskee
2292:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
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2138:
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2130:
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2100:
2097:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2033:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1866:
1864:
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1689:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1629:Dharma Niaga
1628:
1627:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1512:
1510:possibly BOW
1509:
1506:
1503:
1499:Bioskop Bali
1498:
1497:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
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1429:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
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1361:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1253:
1252:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1161:Oldest image
1160:
1158:Latest image
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1146:Former names
1145:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1114:The works of
1112:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
962:
960:
957:
954:
952:
949:
948:
945:
943:
941:
939:
936:
933:
930:
929:
923:
919:
914:
910:
906:
878:
875:
872:
869:
864:
863:
860:
858:
854:
826:
824:
821:
819:
814:
813:
807:
803:
801:
799:
797:
794:
791:
786:
785:
779:
775:
773:
769:
741:
739:
736:
733:
728:
727:
721:
717:
715:
711:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
670:
669:
666:
664:
662:
659:
656:
654:de Esplanade
653:
650:
649:
643:
639:
637:
633:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:(demolished)
592:
591:
585:
581:
576:
572:
568:
540:
537:
534:
531:
529:
528:Istana Maimun
526:
525:
522:
520:
516:
488:
485:
482:
479:
474:
473:
467:
463:
461:
457:
429:
427:
424:
421:
416:
415:
412:
410:
406:
378:
375:
372:
369:
366:
365:
359:
355:
350:
346:
342:
314:
312:
309:
306:
304:
301:
300:
297:
295:
291:
263:
260:
257:
255:
251:
246:
242:
241:
238:Oldest image
237:
235:Latest image
234:
231:
228:
225:
223:Former names
222:
219:
218:
215:
213:
197:
193:
191:
186:
185:Dutch-British
182:
178:
174:
170:
169:Penang Island
162:
159:, especially
158:
153:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
134:Istana Maimun
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
106:
104:
100:
96:
95:North Sumatra
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
55:
45:
36:
32:
29:This list is
27:
20:
19:
16:
5943:. Retrieved
5939:the original
5934:
5911:. Retrieved
5907:the original
5902:
5886:. Retrieved
5882:the original
5877:
5861:. Retrieved
5857:the original
5850:
5828:
5824:
5816:the original
5797:
5792:
5779:. Retrieved
5775:the original
5768:
5752:. Retrieved
5742:
5722:Architecture
5721:
5707:. Retrieved
5683:
5670:. Retrieved
5666:the original
5661:
5635:
5623:. Retrieved
5619:the original
5614:
5573:
5540:. Retrieved
5531:
5521:
5509:. Retrieved
5505:the original
5500:
5470:
5458:. Retrieved
5449:
5425:. Retrieved
5421:the original
5416:
5407:
5395:. Retrieved
5391:the original
5386:
5377:
5365:
5353:. Retrieved
5344:
5335:
5323:
5311:
5268:
5256:. Retrieved
5252:the original
5242:
5211:
5167:. Retrieved
5163:the original
5153:
5141:. Retrieved
5132:
5122:
5110:. Retrieved
5097:
5075:Thamrin 2013
5070:
4983:
4941:
4929:. Retrieved
4920:
4911:
4751:, p. 1.
4712:
4678:, p. 2.
4641:. Retrieved
4607:
4595:. Retrieved
4591:the original
4581:
4453:Derikanpark
4333:Early 1920s
3194:
3188:Pusat Pasar
2766:
2760:. Architect
2747:
2732:
2295:Masjid Raya
1739:Ch. M. Boon
1574:G.H. Mulder
1206:D. Berendse
1128:
1113:
1109:
734:Istana Lama
211:
208:
194:
189:
166:
142:Great Mosque
107:
79:Deli Company
60:
39:
15:
5649:Cited works
4482: /
4419: /
4360: /
4304: /
4252: /
4189: /
4132: /
4083: /
4034: /
3986: /
3935: /
3876: /
3825: /
3775: /
3727: /
3677: /
3618: /
3568: /
3535:Kesawan 34
3504: /
3448: /
3383: /
3332: /
3276: /
3225: /
3171: /
3107: /
3053: /
3001: /
2951: /
2900: /
2852: /
2696: /
2641: /
2592: /
2535: /
2479: /
2409: /
2356:Mega Eltra
2325: /
2257: /
2190: /
2165:Th. Karsten
2124: /
2073: /
2010: /
1944: /
1888: /
1829: /
1804:Tj. Kuipers
1763: /
1711: /
1661: /
1598: /
1534: /
1468: /
1407: /
1345: /
1289: /
1230: /
1193:(2004-now)
1073: /
984: /
900: /
848: /
763: /
705: /
627: /
562: /
510: /
451: /
400: /
336: /
285: /
177:George Town
138:Istana Lama
118:garden city
89:. When the
65:during the
5958:Categories
5838:9074861105
5687:. Hawaii:
4643:15 January
4574:References
4470:98°41′12″E
4456:1931-1932
4407:98°40′47″E
4348:98°40′28″E
4336:anonymous
4328:Muloschool
4292:98°41′13″E
4280:anonymous
4240:98°41′17″E
4177:98°40′36″E
4162:1929-1930
4120:98°40′22″E
4071:98°40′10″E
4022:98°40′47″E
3974:98°40′58″E
3923:98°40′47″E
3864:98°40′34″E
3813:98°40′34″E
3763:98°41′05″E
3715:98°41′06″E
3665:98°40′40″E
3606:98°40′27″E
3556:98°40′42″E
3492:98°40′53″E
3436:98°40′16″E
3371:98°40′23″E
3320:98°40′50″E
3264:98°40′50″E
3213:98°41′09″E
3201:J.H. Valk
3195:Toa Pa Sat
3159:98°40′45″E
3095:98°40′40″E
3041:98°40′41″E
2989:98°40′50″E
2939:98°40′45″E
2888:98°40′45″E
2840:98°40′43″E
2783:Architect
2684:98°40′46″E
2629:98°41′17″E
2580:98°40′04″E
2568:anonymous
2523:98°40′21″E
2467:98°40′16″E
2455:anonymous
2397:98°41′06″E
2313:98°41′14″E
2245:98°40′41″E
2178:98°40′47″E
2112:98°41′06″E
2061:98°40′07″E
2049:anonymous
1998:98°40′39″E
1983:1909-1911
1932:98°40′20″E
1876:98°40′39″E
1817:98°40′18″E
1751:98°40′38″E
1736:1908-1909
1699:98°40′33″E
1649:98°40′49″E
1586:98°40′50″E
1522:98°40′52″E
1456:98°40′37″E
1395:98°40′48″E
1375:(NILLMIJ)
1333:98°40′42″E
1277:98°40′37″E
1218:98°40′31″E
1152:Architect
1131:classicism
1061:98°40′33″E
1049:anonymous
972:98°40′50″E
888:98°40′43″E
876:anonymous
836:98°40′46″E
751:98°41′20″E
693:98°40′34″E
660:anonymous
615:98°41′04″E
603:anonymous
550:98°41′02″E
498:98°40′31″E
486:anonymous
483:1869-1870
439:98°40′47″E
388:98°40′50″E
376:anonymous
324:98°40′37″E
310:1896-1898
273:98°40′41″E
261:anonymous
229:Architect
69:period of
42:March 2016
31:incomplete
4612:Dick 2002
4597:19 August
4587:"History"
4467:3°34′35″N
4404:3°35′27″N
4345:3°34′53″N
4289:3°35′30″N
4237:3°35′51″N
4174:3°34′31″N
4117:3°35′59″N
4068:3°34′28″N
4019:3°35′09″N
3971:3°35′08″N
3920:3°34′49″N
3861:3°35′09″N
3810:3°34′41″N
3760:3°35′27″N
3744:PD Pasar
3712:3°34′48″N
3662:3°34′36″N
3603:3°35′02″N
3553:3°35′17″N
3489:3°35′03″N
3433:3°34′37″N
3368:3°34′51″N
3317:3°34′26″N
3261:3°35′06″N
3210:3°35′25″N
3156:3°35′11″N
3092:3°35′22″N
3038:3°35′20″N
2986:3°35′06″N
2936:3°35′12″N
2885:3°35′12″N
2837:3°35′16″N
2786:Location
2750:Modernism
2735:Modernism
2681:3°35′39″N
2626:3°33′24″N
2577:3°35′16″N
2520:3°35′16″N
2464:3°35′29″N
2394:3°34′56″N
2310:3°34′30″N
2242:3°35′19″N
2175:3°35′38″N
2109:3°34′36″N
2058:3°35′20″N
1995:3°35′31″N
1929:3°34′50″N
1873:3°34′39″N
1814:3°35′02″N
1748:3°35′25″N
1696:3°35′14″N
1646:3°35′06″N
1583:3°35′04″N
1519:3°35′24″N
1453:3°35′27″N
1392:3°35′03″N
1330:3°35′19″N
1274:3°35′18″N
1215:3°35′35″N
1155:Location
1058:3°35′00″N
969:3°35′08″N
885:3°35′19″N
865:Seng Hap
833:3°35′11″N
748:3°34′37″N
690:3°43′56″N
612:3°34′47″N
547:3°34′31″N
495:3°35′35″N
436:3°35′22″N
385:3°35′39″N
321:3°35′30″N
270:3°35′20″N
232:Location
190:warenhuis
181:Shophouse
75:Indonesia
5945:20 March
5754:30 March
5748:Archived
5703:Archived
5672:16 March
5625:27 March
5542:18 April
5536:Archived
5526:inetid.
5478:Archived
5460:18 April
5454:Archived
5427:18 April
5397:18 April
5355:18 April
5349:Archived
5258:19 March
5169:22 March
5143:18 April
5137:Archived
5127:inetid.
5106:Archived
4931:18 April
4925:Archived
4637:Archived
4508:See also
3845:, Medan
2739:Art Deco
136:(1888),
103:Makassar
67:colonial
5888:3 March
5863:5 March
5781:5 March
5709:2 March
5511:3 April
5112:6 March
4106:1920s?
3957:de Rex
2665:Telkom
1265:G. Bos
955:張阿輝 故居
674:Mosque
122:Polonia
110:Kesawan
99:Jakarta
87:Sumatra
83:kampong
5913:19 May
5835:
5808:
5730:
5695:
4749:Widodo
4676:Widodo
4330:Medan
3960:1930s
2826:1920s
2823:Stork
958:1900s
822:1900s
161:Penang
130:Muslim
5969:Medan
5827:[
5796:[
4393:1937
4277:1926
4057:1939
4008:1934
3908:1924
3798:1938
3700:1939
3650:1941
3591:1930
3357:1921
3250:1926
3144:1951
3138:Bata
3080:1929
3024:1940
2974:1927
2925:1930
2922:中国银行
2780:Year
2752:) or
2615:1918
2565:1920
2509:1911
2452:1915
2383:1908
2362:1912
2298:1909
2231:1909
2161:1918
2098:1912
2046:1920
1918:1913
1800:1918
1635:1919
1571:1918
1507:1908
1439:1909
1378:1919
1262:1919
1203:1910
1169:祌州学校
1149:Year
1046:1898
1023:1882
937:1885
873:1900
679:1872
657:1880
425:1884
373:1892
258:1888
226:Year
63:Medan
5947:2016
5915:2016
5890:2016
5865:2016
5833:ISBN
5806:ISBN
5783:2016
5756:2015
5728:ISBN
5711:2016
5693:ISBN
5674:2016
5627:2016
5544:2017
5513:2016
5462:2017
5429:2017
5399:2017
5357:2017
5260:2016
5171:2016
5145:2017
5114:2016
4933:2017
4645:2021
4599:2015
3193:大巴刹
1854:HKBP
114:Deli
101:and
870:生合
254:NHM
245:NHM
120:of
37:.
5960::
5933:.
5901:.
5849:.
5804:.
5767:.
5701:.
5691:.
5602:^
5585:^
5552:^
5534:.
5530:.
5488:^
5452:.
5448:.
5437:^
5415:.
5385:.
5347:.
5343:.
5280:^
5223:^
5194:^
5179:^
5135:.
5131:.
5082:^
5051:^
5030:^
4995:^
4968:^
4953:^
4923:.
4919:.
4894:^
4861:^
4838:^
4821:^
4800:^
4779:^
4756:^
4739:^
4724:^
4683:^
4668:^
4653:^
4635:.
4631:.
4619:^
2446:)
5949:.
5917:.
5892:.
5867:.
5841:.
5785:.
5758:.
5736:.
5713:.
5676:.
5629:.
5546:.
5515:.
5464:.
5431:.
5401:.
5359:.
5262:.
5173:.
5147:.
5116:.
5077:.
5065:.
4935:.
4663:.
4647:.
4601:.
163:.
44:)
40:(
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