Video game industry

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television, dedicated consoles, handheld devices and smartphones, through social networking sites or through an ISP, through a game developer's website, and online through a game console and/or home or office personal computer. In fact, 12% of U.S. households already make regular use of game consoles for accessing video content provided by online services such as Hulu and Netflix. In 2012, for the first time, entertainment usage passed multiplayer game usage on Xbox, meaning that users spent more time with online video and music services and applications than playing multiplayer games. This rapid type of industry convergence has caused the distinction between video game console and personal computers to disappear. A game console with high-speed microprocessors attached to a television set is, for all intents and purposes, a computer and monitor.

2678: 3432: 2078:, which convert used games into cash, compose about a quarter of the UK's trade-in market, but do not keep the credit within the industry. While consumers might appear to receive better offers on these sites, they also take about 15 percent of the selling price in fees. Alternatively, some retailers will match the trade-in values offered by their competitors. Microsoft's original plan for the Xbox One attempted to translate trade-in deals for the digital marketplace, with a database of product licenses that shops would be able to resell with publisher permission, though the plan was poorly received or poorly sold. 84: 617: 3125:

would pay for having games developed in the UK. The industry trade body TIGA estimates that it will increase the games development sector's contribution to UK GDP by £283 million, generate £172 million in new and protected tax receipts to HM Treasury, and could cost just £96 million over five years. Before the tax relief was introduced there was a fear that the UK game industry could fall behind other leading game industries around the world such as France and Canada, of which Canada overtook the UK in terms of job numbers in the industry in 2010.

3720:"Looking ahead, a child born in 1995, E3's inaugural year, will be 19 years old in 2014. And according to Census Bureau data, by the year 2020, there will be 174 million Americans between the ages of 5 and 44. That's 174 million Americans who will have grown up with PlayStations, Xboxes, and GameCubes from their early childhood and teenage years...What this means is that the average gamer will be both older and, given their lifetime familiarity with playing interactive games, more sophisticated and discriminating about the games they play." 1431: 2860: 3189: 3145: 3639: 1129: 2032: 935: 2287: 2786: 11640: 1626: 11664: 1860: 2696: 1270: 3228:, a rebranding of its Famicom system, into the Western markets after the crash, implementing technical and business practices to avoid the factors that created the 1983 crash but also secured its control on what games were published for the system. Japan became the dominant home for consoles and console games through the early 2000s, challenged only by the incorporation of large publishers in the West and the 11652: 2074:

revenue. Retailers also saved on the UK's value-added tax, which only taxed the retailer's profit on pre-owned games, rather than the full sale on regular games. The former trade-in retail executives behind the trade-in price comparison site Trade In Detectives estimated that the United Kingdom's trade-in industry was about a third of the size of its new games business. They figured that sites such as

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arcade games played translate to 143 games for every man, woman, and child in America. A recent Atari survey showed that 86 percent of the US population from 13 to 20 has played some kind of video game and an estimated 8 million US homes have video games hooked up to the television set. Sales of home video games were $ 3.8 billion in 1982, approximately half that of video game arcades.

3074:, the "Britsoft" wave of popular games led to a number of influential people and studios in the 1990s. As game programming became more complex and costly in the early 2000s, more traditional studio structures arose to support both personal computers and consoles, with several studios that, in some form or another, remain highly regarded and influential in the present. 3724:

and industry estimates predict that, by 2016, one-third of all global mobile video game revenue will come from tablets alone. Apple's App Store alone has more than 90,000 game apps, a growth of 1,400% since it went online. In addition, game revenues for iOS and Android mobile devices now exceed those of both Nintendo and Sony handheld video game systems combined.

2090:), but the video game industry in particular has been accused of treating its development talent poorly. This promotes independent development, as developers leave to form new companies and projects. In some notable cases, these new companies grow large and impersonal, having adopted the business practices of their forebears, and ultimately perpetuate the cycle. 2824:

forecast to reach $ 230 billion by 2022, making it the largest video game market in the world. Over 150 million Americans play video games, with an average age of 35 and a gender breakdown of 59 percent male and 41 percent female. American gamers are more likely to vote than non-gamers, feel that the economy is the most important political issue, and lean

1586:(1993). In the late 1990s, there was a transition away from arcades to home systems. Until about 1996-1997, arcade video games represented the largest sector of the global video game industry, before arcades declined and the console market surpassed arcade video games for the first time around 1997-1998. Arcade systems such as the 1062:, the core technology inside televisions, created several of the first true video games. In 1947, Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr. and Estle Ray Mann filed a patent for a "cathode ray tube amusement device". Their game, which uses a cathode ray tube hooked to an oscilloscope display, challenges players to fire a gun at target. 4871:

In the late 1990s, Twin Galaxies, which tracks video game world record scores, visited used game auctions and counted how many times the average Pac Man machine had been played. Based on those findings and the total number of machines that were manufactured, the organization said it believed the game

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Video game machines have an average weekly take of $ 109 per machine. The video arcade industry took in $ 8 billion in quarters in 1982, surpassing pop music (at $ 4 billion in sales per year) and Hollywood films ($ 3 billion, $ 10 billion if cassette sales and rentals are included). Those 32 billion

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Evidence of the increasing player willingness to play video games across a variety of media and different platforms can be seen in the rise of casual gaming on smartphones, tablets, and social networking sites as 92% of all smartphone and tablet owners play games at least once a week, 45% play daily,

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The video game industry has a number of annual award ceremonies, commonly associated with the above conventions, trade shows, and conferences, as well as standalone award shows. Many of the dedicated video game journalism websites also have their own set of awards. Most commonly, these ceremonies are

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Video gaming in India is an emerging market since India is experiencing strong growth in online gaming, making it one of the top gaming markets in the world. Over the past few decades, the Indian gaming industry has gone from close to nonexistent in the 1990s to one of the top markets globally in the

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revamped its stores so customers would spend time playing games there. It built a gaming arena for events and tournaments. The shift to digital marketplaces, especially for smartphones, led to an influx of inexpensive and disposable games, and lower engagement among gamers who otherwise purchased new

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As computing and graphics power increased, so too did the size of development teams, as larger staffs were needed to address the ever-increasing technical and design complexities. The larger teams consist of programmers, artists, game designers, and producers. Their salaries can range anywhere from $

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on hardware manufacturing. The three major console vendors, Nintendo, Microsoft, and Sony, were impacted by availability of supply of core components, and for the latter two, limited the launch of their new consoles. The chip supply shortage also affected personal computer gamers, coupled with demand

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China had not been a major factor in the global video game market early on due to economic factors, governmental oversight, and a black market for foreign products. The government initiated a ban on video game consoles in 2000 that lasted through 2014, during which China's video game market grew for

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The country also went without tax relief until March 21, 2012 when the British government changed its mind on tax relief for UK developers, which without, meant most of the talented development within the UK may move overseas for more profit, along with parents of certain video game developers which

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The video game industry had its primary roots in the United States following the introduction of arcade games and console systems, with Japan soon following. With the introduction of the personal computer, Western Europe also became a major center for video game development. Since then, the industry

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that had a worldwide impact starting in March 2020 due to forced stay-at-home orders by governmental regulations. There were similar impacts to the video game industry as with other industries, such as cancellation of in-person trade shows, conventions and esports events, and the delay of many games

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As this distinction has been diminished, players' willingness to play and access content on different platforms has increased. The growing video gamer demographic accounts for this trend, as former president of the Entertainment Software Association Douglas Lowenstein explained at the 10th E3 expo,

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video game industry is markedly different from the industry in North America, Europe and Australia. Japan initially trailed the United States in entering the video game sector as its companies followed trends set by their American partners, but started to pioneer their own ideas soon after. Several

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machines in North America increased significantly during this period, from $ 50 million in 1978 to $ 900 million by 1981, with the arcade video game industry's revenue in North America tripling to $ 2.8 billion in 1980. By 1981, the arcade video game industry was generating an annual North American

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In addition, the industry is experiencing further significant change driven by convergence, with technology and player comfort being the two primary reasons for this wave of industry convergence. Video games and related content can now be accessed and played on a variety of media, including: cable

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that legally restricts preservation efforts. Much of the industry's history prior to the 1983 crash has been lost, as companies affected by the crash simply threw material away, leaving little to recover today. There is better awareness of video game preservation into the 21st century, and several

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are an important showcase of the industry. These typically provide the means for developers and publishers to demonstrate their games directly to video game players and consumers and obtain feedback. New games are frequently introduced during these events. Some examples of each conventions include

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focused on these types of games, growing successfully during the 2010s to become leading international companies. As of 2015, China's video game market revenue exceeds that of the United States, and is the largest country by both revenue and number of players. China is also the largest contributor

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in the early 2000s, the hardware side was dominated by mostly Japanese-developed systems. Instead, much of the industry's growth in the U.S. was on game development, implementing new game technologies and gameplay concepts, as well as creating the large-scale publisher model used by companies like

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Early development costs were minimal, and video games could be quite profitable. Games developed by a single programmer, or by a small team of programmers and artists, could sell hundreds of thousands of copies each. Many of these games only took a few months to create, so developers could release

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estimated that there were over 2,300 development companies and over 525 publishing companies, including in hardware and software manufacturing, service providers, and distributors. These companies in total have nearly 66,000 direct employees. When including indirect employment, such as a developer

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On various Internet forums, some gamers have expressed disapproval of publishers having creative control since publishers are more apt to follow short-term market trends rather than invest in risky but potentially lucrative ideas. On the other hand, publishers may know better than developers what

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games arose during this decade. As of 2014, newer game companies arose that vertically integrate live operations and publishing such as crowdfunding and other direct-to-consumer efforts, rather than relying on a traditional publishers, and some of these grew substantially. Spurred by some initial

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In addition, the developer must usually buy development systems from the console manufacturer in order to even develop a game for consideration, as well as obtain concept approval for the game from the console manufacturer. Therefore, the developer normally has to have a publishing deal in place

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Publishers often funded trade-in deals to encourage consumers to purchase new games. Trade-in customers at the Australian retailer Game would purchase twice the games per year as non-trade-in customers. The sale of pre-owned games kept retailers in business, and composed about a third of Game's

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in 2020 and 2021. Video games are seen as a low-cost vice and entertainment for consumers when approaching recession. However, in 2022, atop pandemic economic fallout including chip shortages, supply chain disruption, and consumers preferring outdoor activities, the industry started to indicate

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Many early publicly available interactive computer-based game machines used or other mechanisms to mimic a display; while technically not "video games", they had elements of interactivity between the player and the machine. Some examples of these included the 1940 "Nimatron", an electromagnetic

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Atari eventually sold more than 19,000 Pong machines, giving rise to many imitations. Pong made its first appearance in 1972 at "Andy Capp's," a small bar in Sunnyvale, California, where the video game was literally "overplayed" as eager customers tried to cram quarters into an already heavily

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The United States has the largest video games presence in the world in terms of total industry employees. In 2017, the U.S. game industry as a whole was worth US$ 18.4 billion and consisted of roughly 2457 companies that had a rough total of 220,000 people employed. U.S. video game revenue is

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in both revenue and in the number of professional players from the country. The industry, like most media in China, is tightly controlled by the government, with strong restrictions on what content may be in games, and incorporation of anti-addiction measures to limit playtime. It is home to

3337:. Games have been developed since 2002, mostly independently. However, from 2014, some IT companies have started to develop video games commercially. Some research has been carried out at various universities to improve the video game development sector. In 2020, Zero Hour was released on 2137:

Activision was popular among developers for giving them credit in the packaging and title screens for their games, while Atari disallowed this practice. As the video game industry took off in the mid-1980s, many developers faced the more distressing problem of working with fly-by-night or

2065:. GameStop diversified its services by purchasing chains that repair wireless devices and expanding its trade-in program through which customers trade used games for credit towards new games. The company began to produce its own merchandise and games. In Britain, the games retailer 1105:(1966), the arcade industry was experiencing a "technological renaissance" driven by "audio-visual" EM novelty games, establishing the arcades as a healthy environment for the introduction of commercial video games in the early 1970s. In the late 1960s, a college student named 5319:

Hollywood's aim, of course, is to tap into the $ 7 billion that Americans pour into arcade games each year — and the $ 6 billion they spend on home versions for Nintendo and Sega game machines. Combined, it's a market nearly 2 ½ times the size of the $ 5 billion movie box

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industry is the third largest in the World in terms of developer success and sales of hardware and software by country alone but fourth behind Canada in terms of people employed. The size of the UK game industry is comparable to its film or music industries.

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centered around professional players in organized competitions and leagues for prize money, grew greatly over this decade, drawing hundreds of millions of viewers and reaching nearly $ 500 million in revenue by 2016 and expected to break $ 1 billion by 2019.

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As games have transitioned from the retail to more digital market, parts of this value chain have become redundant. For example, the distributor may be redundant as a function of either the publisher or the retailer, or even in some cases as the case of

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However, unlike the music industry, where modern technology has allowed a fully professional product to be created extremely inexpensively by an independent musician, modern games require increasing amounts of manpower and equipment. This dynamic makes

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were major drivers for game hardware and gameplay development. Though maturing, the video game industry was still very volatile, with third-party video game developers quickly cropping up, and just as quickly, going out of business. Nevertheless, many

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Another facet of tracking the history of the video game industry is video game preservation, a process that is complicated due to game hardware technology that can become obsolete, dependencies on decommissioned online servers, and issues over

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It would go on to become arguably the most famous video game of all time, with the arcade game alone taking in more than a billion dollars, and one study estimated that it had been played more than 10 billion times during the twentieth

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Between the 1950s and 1960s, with mainframe computers becoming available to campus colleges, students and others started to develop games that could be played at terminals that accessed the mainframe. One of the first known examples is

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is primarily led by companies in North American, Europe, and Japan, but other regions, including Australia/New Zealand, and other East Asian countries including China and South Korea, have become significant sectors for the industry.

950:, as Section should focus on the history of segments of the industry (developers, publishers, etc.) and major events, which may be tied to hardware and software, but this should be less about reiterating the hardware and generations.. 3219:

from 1978 to 1982. The 1983 video game crash that affected the North American market did have small but short-term effects in Japan, as most companies involved in the business were well-established and could weather the disruption.

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The video game industry is still in its infancy throughout the African continent, but due to the continent's young population and increasing technological literacy, the sector is growing rapidly. African countries such as

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of Electronic Arts estimated that only 25 developers were working on such games for the eighth console generation, compared to 125 at the same point in the seventh generation-console cycle seven or eight years earlier.

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in Early Access with the version 1.0 being released on September 9, 2024 and has received positive reviews from gamers. It's a first-person shooter. It is the first game from Bangladesh to be released on the platform.

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The video game industry in South Korea generally followed the same early trends as the Japanese market, but players started focusing on massively-multiplayer online games (MMO) and other games that could be played at

2329:. It has also been used to provide price discrimination in different markets or to focus limited marketing resources. Developers may also stagger digital releases so as not to overwhelm the servers hosting the game. 3696:

While this "community of modifiers" may only add up to approximately 1% of a particular game's user base, the number of those involved will grow as more games offer modifying opportunities (such as, by releasing

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into late 2020, 2021, or beyond, and the industry was one of the few to actually thrive from a home-bound population using video games to cope. The market had a 20% year-to-year growth from 2019, reaching over

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films ($ 3 billion) combined. This was also nearly twice as much as the $ 3.8 billion generated by the home video game industry that year; both the arcade and home video game markets combined in 1982 total of

7213: 1329:(equivalent to $ 37.3 billion in 2023). The arcade video game industry would continue to generate an annual revenue of $ 5 billion in quarters through to 1985. The most successful game of this era was 869:

Hardware (or Virtual Machine or Software Platform) layer: or the providers of the underlying platform, which may be console-based, accessed through online media, or accessed through mobile devices such as

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due to the production of too many badly developed games (quantity over quality), resulting in the fall of the North American industry. The industry would eventually be revitalized by the release of the

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50,000 to $ 120,000 generating large labor costs for firms producing video games which can often take between one and three years to develop. Modern budgets typically reach millions of dollars and use

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aimed for developers and publishers to interact more directly with the video game media, and with retailers and distributors for planning future sales of products. The largest such trade show is the

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in the U.S., affecting both arcades and home game systems. Nintendo's introduction of the Nintendo Entertainment System helped to revitalize the industry, but until Microsoft's introduction of the

1968:, which had over $ 650 million of sales in the game's first five days and which set a five-day global record for a movie, book or video game. The game's income was more than the opening weekend of 881:

The game industry employs those experienced in other traditional businesses, but some have experience tailored to the game industry. Some of the disciplines specific to the game industry include:

11333: 6131: 4448: 6930: 2743:, mainly because video games jobs have been heavily subsidized by the provincial government. Every year, this industry generates billions of dollars and thousands of jobs in the Montreal area. 6622: 4794:

Released in 1980, Pac-Man was an immediate success. It sold over 350,000 units, and probably would of sold more if not for the numerous illegal pirate and bootleg machines that were also sold.

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before starting development on a game project, but in order to secure a publishing deal, the developer must have a track record of console development, something which few startups will have.

3701:) and the video user base swells. According to Ben Sawyer, as many as 600,000 established online game community developers existed as of 2012. This effectively added a new component to the 6162: 5167: 6265: 2118:

developers. Activision grew to become the world's second largest game publisher. In the meantime, many of the original developers left to work on other projects. For example, founder

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Canada has the third largest video game industry in terms of employment numbers. The video game industry has also been booming in Montreal since 1997, coinciding with the opening of

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series have all been produced in Canada and have achieved worldwide success. For consumers, the largest video games convention in Canada is the Enthusiast Gaming Live Expo (EGLX).

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personal computer games, particularly subscription-based and microtransaction-based ones that were amenable to use in PC cafes, and later into mobile games. Media publishers like

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At that time, a game for use in entertainment arcades was considered a hit if it sold 1000 units; sales of Space Invaders topped 300,000 units in Japan and 60,000 units overseas.

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According to market research firm Newzoo, the following countries are the largest video game markets by number of players in the top 10 richest video game markets, as of 2022:

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have proved to be the most unpopular with gamers, as a measure to counter piracy. The most popular and effective strategy to counter piracy is to change the business model to

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In the video game industry, it is common for developers to leave their current studio and start their own. A particularly famous case is the "original" independent developer

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Australia and New Zealand have an active video game industry, with several standalone developers as well as additional studios from other major developers across the globe.

1834:, which artificially raised prices and made it difficult to purchase newer components. However, after cryptocurrency mining started paying out less during and following the 1005:

Prior to the 1970s, there was no significant commercial aspect of the video game industry, but many advances in computing would set the stage for the birth of the industry.

874:. This layer includes network infrastructure and non-hardware platforms such as virtual machines (such as Java or Flash), or software platforms such as browsers or Facebook. 7335: 2677: 7768: 4165: 5891: 7535: 5490: 1120:(1969), watching customers play and helping to maintain the machinery, while learning how it worked and developing his understanding of how the game business operates. 7729: 7384: 5467: 1782: 5987: 1991:

The industry wide adoption of high-definition graphics during the seventh generation of consoles greatly increased development teams' sizes and reduced the number of

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Distribution, whether through retail or digital channels. Distribution typically includes manufacturing and duplication of game media and packaging for retail games.

5845: 5403: 1253:" and quadrupling the console's sales. The success of the Atari 2600 in turn revived the home video game market during the second generation of consoles, until the 10291: 7629: 7414: 7256: 808:

Hardware platform manufacturers, which can own and place limitations for content on the platform they have made, charging license fees to developers or publishers.

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also produce computer games and sell them commercially. Game developers and publishers sometimes employ those with extensive or long-term experience within the

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In 2000s, the video game industry was in heavy development; profit still drove technological advancement used by other industry sectors. Technologies such as

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using the services of a graphics design package from a different firm, the total number of employees involved in the video game industry rises above 220,000.

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Like most European countries, the UK entered the video game industry through personal computers rather than video game consoles. Low-cost computers like the

2158:, where gamers pay for their in-game needs or service. Strong server-side security is required for this, to properly distinguish authentic transactions from 6595: 5868: 3897: 3405:, both within their country and internationally, but due to limited funding and a market overcrowded with Western games, success has thus far been minimal. 3070:

led to numerous "bedroom coders" that would make and sell games through mail-order or to distributors that helped to mass-produce them. Coupled with quirky

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remained more technologically advanced than home systems in the late 1990s, but the gap between arcade and home systems began narrowing in the late 1990s.

4858: 6357: 5790: 4781: 6113: 4434: 1339:, released in 1980, of which more than 350,000 cabinets were eventually sold, and within a year, collected more than $ 1 billion in quarters; in total, 6926: 6648: 5751: 4955: 7362: 7164: 7074: 6708: 3555:

The coverage of the video game industry started off with several magazines covering the topic, but as the Internet became widely available to support

2828:, however party demographics are split evenly with 38% identifying as Democrats, 38% identifying as Republicans, and 24% identifying as Independents. 1883:

Global revenue estimates of the video game industry from 1971 to 2018, not adjusted for inflation, according to market research firm Pelham Smithers.

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By 2018, the United States video game industry had matched that of the United States film industry on basis of revenue, with both having made around

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As with other forms of media, video games have often been released in different world regions at different times. The practice has been used where

7525: 7190: 4134: 7796: 6154: 358: 7557: 5729: 5157: 1948:. In addition to growing development costs, marketing budgets have grown dramatically, sometimes two to three times of the cost of development. 3783: 1470:

standard for video game visual presentation, initially in the arcades during the early 1990s, and then on home systems with 3D consoles and PC

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annual report. Research from Ampere Analysis indicated three points: the sector has consistently grown since at least 2015 and expanded 26%

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There are 95,000 others like him spread across the country, getting fed a fat share of the $ 5 billion in videogame quarters every year.

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Nintendo themselves are recognized for having created some of the most positively-reviewed and best-selling video game series such as

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Capital and publishing layer: involved in paying for development of new games and seeking returns through licensing of the properties.

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in global revenue in both hardware and software for 2020. Easily learned games with high social interactions were popular, including

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of the original arcade version were sold. In that year, video games were introduced to the home market with the release of the early

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The video game industry got its start in the United States in the late 1970s and early 1980s with the creation of arcade games like

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According to market research firm Newzoo, the following countries are the largest video game markets by annual revenue, as of 2022:

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facilities. A larger percentage of games on all types of platforms include some type of competitive online multiplayer capability.

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The largest nations by estimated video game revenues in 2016 are the United States ($ 46.4B), China ($ 44B), and Japan ($ 19.1B).

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Ben Sawyer of Digitalmill observes that the development side of the industry is made up of six connected and distinctive layers:

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In 1980 alone, according to Time, $ 2.8 billion in quarters, triple the amount of the previous years, were fed into video games.

4157: 3529:(GDC), which holds multiple events through the year but with its main annual conference held in March in San Francisco, and the 9308: 6418: 3371:(US$ 740 million) with an estimated 300 million gamers, a 41.6% increase from 2018. As of 2021, it is one of the top five 2807:. Several factors, including loss of publishing control, a flooded market, and competition from personal computers, led to the 2736: 298: 165: 8000: 7018: 6054: 11353: 9248: 7941: 7916: 7891: 7388: 7096: 4930: 4826: 4642: 4575: 4295: 4202: 4114: 3743: 2666:

In general, spending on gaming tends to increase with increase in nominal GDP. However, gaming is relatively more popular in

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In the 2010s, the video game industry had a major impact on the economy through the sales of major systems and games such as

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According to TEC, Atari's arcade game Space Invaders has taken in $ 2 billion, with net receipts of $ 450 million.

4104: 3904: 3507: 3491: 3049: 2945:(2012) was successful in the markets and received largely positive reviews. One of the most famed game from Germany is 1634: 1073: 755: 691: 565: 6873: 5688: 5657: 11348: 9349: 6730: 6226: 5275: 5249: 5054: 5009: 4742: 4691: 4544: 4444: 4343: 3990: 2780: 2616: 2468: 596: 8682: 11066: 9036: 7282: 6952: 5564: 3216: 2938: 2551: 2390: 2356:

The gaming industry saw strong growth in 2020, the first year of the pandemic, and this trend continued into 2021.

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International video game revenue was over $ 142B in 2022. This is almost double the revenue of the international

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consumers want. The relationship between video game developers and publishers parallels the relationship between

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games from retail. Customers also shifted away from the tradition of buying games on their first day of release.

1980:. Many individuals have also benefited from the economic success of video games including the former chairman of 4978: 4854: 4190:

They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971-1982

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has the largest video games market in Europe, with revenues of $ 4.1 billion forecast for 2017. The annual

10331: 7041:"Games software/hardware $ 165B+ in 2018, $ 230B+ in 5 years, record $ 2B+ investment last year | Digi Capital" 5782: 3237: 2058: 985: 660: 6361: 4769: 11643: 9196: 8061: 4947: 3805: 3559:, much of the dedicated coverage of the video game industry has transitioned to detected websites, including 3521:

The development of video games is also a topic of academic and professional interest, leading to a number of

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in the 1990s and 2000s, and today a large number of professional esports players originate from South Korea.

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in 1998 (equivalent to $ 56.1 billion in 2023). In the United States alone, in 1994, arcades generated

11706: 11691: 10445: 9266: 9259: 9231: 7156: 7066: 6700: 6501:"Digital sales triple to 6% of industry retail revenues as global music market falls 1.9% (2005) from IFPI" 5524:"The psychology behind video games during COVID-19 pandemic: A case study of Animal Crossing: New Horizons" 3525:

for developers to share their knowledge with others. Two of the major professional conferences include the

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events. Some publishers, developers and technology producers also have their own regular conventions, with

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is not done in parallel with the rest of development or where the game must be encoded differently, as in

2298: 11655: 10296: 10154: 9674: 9656: 6895: 5948: 5491:"Videogames are a bigger industry than movies and North American sports combined, thanks to the pandemic" 3738: 3683: 3606:

groups and museums have been established to collect and preserve hardware and software for the industry.

3597:, have also become a significant source for coverage of video game news from the consumer point of view. 3418: 3305: 2119: 1568: 1321: 570: 422: 5426: 5362: 3593:, video game players that create online videos or stream themselves playing games through services like 2183:, which has seen flat or declining sales in the early 2000s, the video game industry continues to grow. 737:. Sound cards, for example, were originally developed for games and then improved for adoptation by the 10361: 9276: 9041: 8365: 8004: 7186: 4235: 3526: 3515: 3328: 2642: 2429: 1890: 1689: 621: 494: 318: 7786: 6011:"U.S. Film Industry Topped $ 43 Billion In Revenue Last Year, Study Finds, But It's Not All Good News" 4130: 1559:(1992). The arcade resurgence was further driven by increasing realism, with the "3D Revolution" from 866:" industry, involved in generating and marketing catalogs of games for retail and online distribution. 148: 11163: 10614: 10164: 10149: 10122: 9772: 9602: 5721: 4855:"Pac Man turns 25: A pizza dinner yields a cultural phenomenon - and millions of dollars in quarters" 3615: 3414: 3105: 2151: 1411: 1400: 1228: 947: 479: 400: 363: 9283: 3775: 3431: 1872: 1438:

was the most popular video game console of the fifth generation, with the mass adoption of CD media.

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method is to sell hard copies in retail store. Cheaper production and distribution methods include

1894: 1886: 1839: 1492: 1471: 1391:, while a professional European video game industry also began taking shape with companies such as 1290: 1254: 1195: 1145: 956: 754:

In 2017 in the United States, which represented about a third of the global video game market, the

674:

The video game industry has grown from niche to mainstream. As of July 2018, video games generated

652: 128: 123: 11291: 10983: 10209: 10093: 9713: 9597: 9123: 8335: 5210: 4230: 3982: 3550: 3394: 2876: 2318: 2159: 1964: 1952: 1101: 1092: 656: 388: 328: 51: 5814:"Why Digital Distribution Is The Future And GameStop Is Not: Taking The Long View On Used Games" 2715:. Recently, the city has attracted world leading game developers and publishers studios such as 2086:

Video game industry practices are similar to those of other entertainment industries (e.g., the

1277:, released in 1985, revived the American video game industry after the video game crash of 1983. 1212:. The game's success prompted the prevalence of arcade machines in mainstream locations such as 83: 11614: 11594: 11505: 11500: 10918: 10534: 10460: 9966: 9961: 9706: 9236: 8642: 8520: 8515: 5301: 5130: 4409: 3709: 3689: 2841: 2837: 2706: 2590: 2442: 2277: 1514: 1351: 1343:

is estimated to have grossed over 10 billion quarters ($ 2.5 billion) during the 20th century.

1258: 977: 775: 726: 644: 640: 244: 155: 105: 9519: 9293: 8652: 7214:"Geeks Who Rocked The World: Documentary Looks Back At Origins Of The Computer-games Industry" 6388: 5040: 4683: 4628: 4561: 4374: 4188: 2138:

unscrupulous publishers that would either fold unexpectedly or run off with the game profits.

11450: 11365: 11099: 10976: 10690: 10668: 10619: 10169: 9927: 9791: 8565: 8388: 8202: 5626: 5595: 4810: 4439: 3678: 3602: 3546: 3398: 3351: 3183: 3139: 2849: 2845: 2808: 2655: 2603: 2564: 2507: 2481: 2455: 1835: 1831: 1435: 1371: 1000: 952: 530: 333: 291: 229: 133: 10256: 9876: 8759: 3935:"Digital Supply Chain Management in the Videogames Industry: A Systematic Literature Review" 3091:. The country is home to some of the world's most successful video game franchises, such as 3040:

are among the world's leading browser game and social network game developers/distributors.

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are an important showcase of the industry. The major annual video game conventions include

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retail to digital downloads led to a severe sales decline at video game retailers such as

1916:

on the games sold. Many early game publishers started from this economic climate, such as

1387:, which resulted in the home console market being dominated by Japanese companies such as 8: 11667: 11609: 11584: 11467: 11241: 11198: 11158: 10853: 10820: 10678: 10492: 10472: 10204: 10032: 10011: 9813: 9767: 9499: 8922: 8453: 8024: 6874:"Immigration Services For Canada, USA, Australia, UK, Australia & New Zealand !" 6508: 6478: 6448: 6085: 4254: 3733: 3522: 3261: 2790: 2761: 1912:

multiple games per year. Thus, publishers could often be generous with benefits, such as

1396: 1052: 844:, who may be working under individual contracts or as part of in-house development teams. 837: 779: 636: 500: 410: 172: 112: 8867: 7820:"Africa 2030, the next 25 years: From video games, eco-buildings, robotics, and cycling" 6531: 3652:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

2190:

industry, it is easier to create a startup, resulting in many successful companies. The

1430: 11562: 11557: 11370: 11203: 10725: 10703: 10698: 10656: 10629: 10589: 10043: 9937: 9891: 9803: 9762: 9745: 9628: 9623: 9344: 9325: 9138: 9062: 8826: 8627: 8622: 8316: 7823: 6190: 6118: 6015: 5105: 4509: 3933:

Kelly, Stephen; Klézl, Vojtech; Israilidis, John; Malone, Neil; Butler, Stuart (2020).

3867:"Video game sales set to fall for first time in years as industry braces for recession" 3590: 3281: 2942: 2926: 2191: 2123: 2087: 1680: 1674: 1528: 1183: 918: 435: 271: 10863: 10098: 8345: 3077:

Some of the studios have become defunct or been purchased by larger companies such as

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industry is more closed, and a game developer must have up to three licenses from the

1825:

As the pandemic wore on from 2020 into 2021, a secondary effect was the impact of the

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Statistical yearbook: cinema, television, video, and new media in Europe, Volume 1999

5245: 5241:

Statistical yearbook: cinema, television, video, and new media in Europe, Volume 1999

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markets in the world. The industry is projected to reach 510 million gamers by 2022.

3111: 3013: 3001: 2724: 2261: 2241: 2062: 2019: 1992: 1796: 1760: 1660: 1543: 1504: 1308: 1221: 1159: 1084: 1044: 714: 695: 632: 455: 348: 266: 224: 143: 8360: 8229: 8180: 6619:"East to West: The Major Differences in Game Releases Based on Geographic Locations" 6410: 5333:"Zynga Takes $ 180 Million Venture Round From DST, Others (Cue Russian Mafia Jokes)" 3188: 3144: 11532: 11460: 11455: 11023: 11001: 10961: 10937: 10896: 10868: 10848: 10796: 10641: 10581: 10376: 10159: 10127: 10115: 9996: 9881: 9798: 9740: 9376: 9371: 9335: 9174: 8917: 8902: 8879: 8852: 8423: 8395: 8219: 8190: 8165: 8140: 8123: 7010: 5535: 5076: 5046: 4723: 4019: 3949: 3705:

and if it continues to mature, it will integrate itself into the overall industry.

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National trade groups that support their local video game industry often will hold

3099: 3033: 2804: 2748: 2712: 2699: 2046: 1996: 1985: 1725: 1496: 1187: 1133: 1059: 1027: 616: 460: 353: 177: 9504: 8702: 8570: 8350: 7305:"Media Molecule Officially Joins The PlayStation Family – PlayStation.Blog.Europe" 7104: 1868: 1541:

The arcades experienced a renaissance in the early 1990s following the release of

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Economic sector involved with the development, marketing and sales of video games

9859: 8493: 8355: 6927:"Dtoid is hosting Canada's largest gaming event! EGLX returns, March 9-11, 2018" 1410:

Video games transitioned from having been showcased at general trade shows like

1109:

had a part-time job at an arcade where he became familiar with EM games such as

11567: 11490: 11256: 11146: 11141: 11119: 10901: 10888: 10831: 10764: 10752: 10646: 10487: 10455: 10356: 10110: 10082: 10047: 9988: 9546: 9541: 9509: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9339: 9182: 9098: 8874: 8813: 8687: 8540: 8535: 8488: 8478: 8468: 8239: 8130: 8118: 8088: 7791: 7562: 7463:"The Global Games Market Reaches $ 99.6 Billion in 2016, Mobile Generating 37%" 6471:"Global sales of recorded music down 10.9% in the first half of 2003 from IFPI" 6329: 5306: 5163: 4892: 4076: 3954: 3211: 3171: 3084: 3071: 3055: 3025: 2740: 2180: 1917: 1582: 1392: 1204: 1179: 1164: 1128: 1106: 890: 738: 405: 8672: 8279: 7730:"'Zero Hour' the first Bangladeshi-made online tactical FPS released globally" 6731:"Key data on the movie production and distribution industry worldwide in 2022" 6441:"Global sales of recorded music down 9.2% in the first half of 2002 from IFPI" 5206: 2221:

An alternative method for publishing video games is to self-publish using the

702:; the global games and services market is forecast to shrink 1.2% annually to 11685: 11604: 11114: 10744: 10554: 10371: 10366: 10231: 10068: 10052: 9920: 9906: 9787: 9750: 9681: 9613: 9607: 9592: 9487: 9472: 9380: 9031: 8884: 8847: 8821: 8662: 8607: 8458: 8443: 8269: 8113: 7711: 6199: 6127: 5926: 5627:"Fall Guys Is Number One On Steam's Bestselling List For Fifth Week In A Row" 5549: 4718: 4240: 3503: 3476: 3402: 3315:(Internet cafes). South Korea was one of the first major regions involved in 3017: 2985: 2918: 2910: 2347: 2187: 1902: 1792: 1752: 1630: 1576: 1555: 1518: 1213: 1014: 894: 886: 722: 10241: 8677: 8473: 11547: 11482: 11435: 11131: 11016: 11011: 11006: 10996: 10991: 10651: 10509: 10236: 10191: 10061: 10057: 10025: 9915: 9837: 9808: 9733: 9728: 9718: 9618: 9536: 9467: 9422: 9153: 9133: 9118: 9082: 9077: 9053: 8969: 8862: 8739: 8560: 8530: 8448: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8400: 8311: 8212: 7251: 6881: 5982: 5495: 4730: 3285: 2914: 2900: 2825: 2053:, following other media retailers superseded by Internet delivery, such as 2031: 2023:

recession with global revenues falling for the first time in twenty years.

1970: 1587: 1478: 1359: 1110: 767:

Traditionally, the video game industry has had six connected layers in its

525: 450: 440: 417: 234: 182: 10246: 8769: 8764: 8754: 8717: 8707: 8647: 8580: 8093: 4024: 4007: 3693:

and eventually became a very successful, published game in its own right.

2896: 934: 11599: 11579: 11552: 11378: 11136: 11036: 10729: 10718: 10713: 10661: 10539: 10529: 10398: 9854: 9823: 9818: 9777: 9686: 9462: 9437: 9432: 9401: 9158: 9113: 9021: 9001: 8734: 8657: 8617: 8525: 8505: 8249: 8234: 8224: 8160: 8080: 7855: 6896:"What are the leading business sectors in Montréal? We're glad you asked" 6081:"Even 'recession-proof' video game industry is feeling an economic chill" 5953: 5100: 4679: 4504: 3698: 3674: 3460: 3372: 3358: 3293: 3255: 3093: 3088: 3063: 3005: 2981: 2785: 2257: 1988:. By 2014, the global video game market was valued at over $ 93 billion. 1945: 1665: 1652: 1560: 1363: 1355: 1169: 1114: 1088: 1076:, and Wayne Wiitanen. The introduction of easy-to-program languages like 1036: 1032: 902: 898: 871: 856: 768: 484: 395: 209: 160: 7278: 5923:"Gartner Says Worldwide Video Game Market to Total $ 93 Billion in 2013" 4669: 4605:. Vol. 2, no. 5–8. Electronic Communications. 1983. p. 41 2895:

One of the earliest internationally successful video game companies was

2286: 11542: 11472: 11442: 11425: 11403: 11213: 11083: 11078: 10786: 10734: 10559: 10482: 10381: 10276: 9954: 9864: 9849: 9832: 9828: 9585: 9354: 9088: 8984: 8964: 8895: 8729: 8510: 8379: 8375: 8264: 8108: 7247:"Back to the bedroom: how indie gaming is reviving the Britsoft spirit" 5693: 5091: 4815:

The video game explosion: a history from PONG to Playstation and beyond

4630:

The video game explosion: a history from PONG to Playstation and beyond

4563:

The video game explosion: a history from PONG to Playstation and beyond

4370: 3974: 3483: 3334: 2989: 2767: 2752: 2131: 2111: 1929: 1795:

were planned for 2020, but the video game industry was affected by the

1717:

are not the main driver but significantly impact the industry, such as

1714: 1669: 1549: 1403:, which continued game rentals in the same way as movies. In 1989, the 1375: 1250: 1246: 1217: 814: 787: 718: 671:

encompasses dozens of job disciplines and thousands of jobs worldwide.

664: 472: 249: 219: 200: 8749: 8712: 8254: 6041: 4283: 3273: 2681:

Total gaming revenue (mobile + PC + console) vs nominal GDP by country

1867:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

1625: 1601:

in 1994 (equivalent to $ 42.8 billion in 2023), and an estimated

1547:(1991), which led to a number of other popular fighting games such as 11574: 11520: 11420: 11398: 11383: 11185: 10911: 10803: 10739: 10636: 10549: 10504: 10440: 10425: 10271: 10142: 9932: 9723: 9561: 9556: 9551: 9359: 9148: 9128: 9011: 8974: 8667: 8632: 8463: 8383: 8244: 6296: 6114:"As Downloads Take Over, a Turning Point for the Video Game Industry" 5540: 5523: 5125: 5042:

Gamers: writers, artists & programmers on the pleasures of pixels

4922: 4919:

History of Digital Games: Developments in Art, Design and Interaction

4536: 4335: 4194: 3573: 3561: 3556: 3067: 3029: 2973: 2952: 2744: 2667: 2222: 2011: 1913: 1812: 1743: 1564: 1317: 1068: 848: 707: 648: 505: 8175: 8098: 7934:

Introduction to Mass Communication : Media Literacy and Culture

7909:

Introduction to Mass Communication : Media Literacy and Culture

7884:

Introduction to Mass Communication : Media Literacy and Culture

6980:"The U.S. game industry has 2,457 companies supporting 220,000 jobs" 6953:"US still the gaming super power | GamesIndustry International" 3232:

line of consoles from Microsoft. Nintendo along with companies like

2968:

Other well-known current and former developers from Germany include

2014:-proof, having thrived compared to other industries during the 2008 11515: 11225: 11153: 10836: 10564: 10544: 10465: 10301: 10199: 10132: 9901: 9660: 9531: 9457: 9452: 9447: 9442: 9201: 9072: 8996: 8744: 8697: 8328: 8303: 8291: 8016: 7497: 7127:"New Study Finds Video Game Players Are Highly Engaged Politically" 5722:"Most GPUs Now Start Below MSRP: Graphics Card Prices, August 2022" 4818: 4634: 4567: 3585: 3468: 3464: 3452: 3436: 3221: 3193: 2917:

are globally popular strategy game franchises since the 1990s. The

2905: 2885: 2864: 2695: 2245: 2230: 2155: 2050: 2035: 1981: 1818: 1719: 1693: 1524: 1500: 1466: 1404: 1388: 1048: 467: 256: 239: 6155:"GAME launches Belong - is this the future of video games retail?" 4767: 3813: 2903:(founded in 1984) who were responsible for publishing the popular 2205:

The publisher must have a license to publish games for the console

1269: 1190:. However, both the arcade and home markets would be dominated by 1080:

for mainframes allowed for more simplistic games to be developed.

11410: 11393: 11173: 11041: 10971: 10947: 10841: 10477: 10403: 10038: 9978: 9971: 9886: 9844: 9691: 9670: 9651: 9633: 9575: 9514: 9482: 9427: 9143: 9067: 8927: 8907: 8836: 8498: 8405: 8323: 8286: 8274: 4777: 3977:; Humphreys, Sal (2005). "Games: Technology, Industry, Culture". 3472: 3456: 3440: 3312: 3289: 3267: 3166: 3161: 3157: 3148: 2969: 2947: 2934: 2889: 2881: 2868: 2732: 2716: 2249: 2122:

left Activision to start another video game development company,

1765: 1335: 37: 11495: 10876: 10759: 10599: 10408: 10351: 10261: 9701: 9330: 8989: 8979: 8942: 8932: 8912: 8724: 8575: 7851:"Retro game preservation in limbo after Nintendo files lawsuit" 7685: 7622:"The World's Biggest Games Show Isn't In Germany. Not Any More" 7526:"Newzoo: Global esports market will exceed $ 1 billion in 2019" 6325:"Pre-owned price comparison site Trade In Detectives goes live" 5877: 5458:"ESports: Global revenue expected to smash $ 1 billion by 2019" 4872:

had been played more than 10 billion times in the 20th century.

3316: 3241: 3009: 2977: 2961: 2956: 2793:) is the first independent or third-party video game developer. 1976: 1925: 1508: 678:

annually in global sales. In the US, the industry earned about

7332:"Reliance Big Entertainment acquires 50% stake in Codemasters" 4477:. Vol. 24. Southam Business Publications. 1982. p. 9 1617:

revenue generated by movies in the United States at the time.

1527:, which in the late 1990s enabled online cooperative play and 11415: 11388: 10942: 10708: 10571: 10435: 10343: 9949: 9566: 8195: 8185: 8150: 8001:

Playing the Game: The Economics of the Computer Game Industry

5158:"Peak Video Game? Top Analyst Sees Industry Slumping in 2019" 3763:

The Video Game Industry: Formation, Present State, and Future

3367: 3249: 3205: 3197: 3037: 2671: 2127: 2115: 1697: 1692:

devices) and social networking sites emerged. For example, a

1456:

Game related technology advances of the 1990s include these:

1347: 1330: 1199: 1077: 914: 734: 713:

The industry has influenced the technological advancement of

7886:(Eighth ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 220–221. 6285: 6283: 6258:"Is the industry's obsession with Day One coming to an end?" 5658:"Why Among Us is the best game to watch on Twitch right now" 5355: 3426: 11094: 10906: 10594: 10497: 10450: 9869: 9580: 8947: 8937: 8612: 8135: 7763: 7437:"Game Revenues of Top 25 Companies up 17%, Totaling $ 25Bn" 6055:"Analyze This: Is the Video Game Industry Recession-Proof?" 5866:"Variety: GTA IV Launch Bigger Than Halo 3 (And Then Some)" 3233: 3229: 2812: 2799: 2326: 2176: 2075: 2039: 1751:

and users. In the 2010s, the shift increased to casual and

1174: 1096: 6385:"3DS Will Fight Piracy With Firmware | Edge Magazine" 5978:"NPD: U.S. game sales hit a record $ 43.4 billion in 2018" 3932: 3836:"ESA: Facts and figures about the gaming industry in 2010" 3669:

Players become fourth-party developers, allowing for more

3284:

and arcade games have both been overtaken by downloadable

3244:

are dominant leaders in the Japanese video game industry.

3174:, the largest game convention in the world by attendance. 3151:

is the largest company in the world by video game revenue.

2018:, and as one of the more profitable industries during the 1783:

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the video game industry

1198:. The crash eventually came to an end with the success of 1136:

was released in 1972 as the first home video game console.

10251: 9570: 9492: 8340: 7594: 7590:"China targets video gaming to tackle myopia in children" 7493:"Xbox One Hits China Today Following 14-Year Console Ban" 7279:"How British video games became a billion pound industry" 6280: 5462: 3776:"New ESA Report Shows Gaming Is No Longer A Niche Market" 3567: 2322: 2150:

to be a big problem, and takes measures to counter this.

1685: 1485: 1367: 1231:

were sold worldwide, and by 1982, generated a revenue of

1010: 730: 4008:"Computer game mods, modders, modding and the mod scene" 1534:

Aside from technology, in the early part of the decade,

1374:

arose at that time, which was later expanded to include

1072:, developed by Harvard and MIT employees Martin Graetz, 7995: 7936:(Eighth ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 222. 7911:(Eighth ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 221. 6184:

Suellentrop, Chris; Totilo, Stephen (October 3, 2012).

4674:

Silicon Valley fever: growth of high-technology culture

1172:

released the first commercially successful video game,

7963:"What it costs to run an independent video game store" 6292:"Myth-busting the murky world of video game trade-ins" 5596:"Among Us Hits Impressive Concurrent Player Milestone" 2941:

was also developed in Germany. The German action game

1538:

games became more popular, as did video game sequels.

7756:"KPMG in India's Media and Entertainment report 2019" 6848:"Canada boasts the third-largest video game industry" 6411:"Technology | EA 'dumps DRM' for next Sims game" 5843:"Call of Duty: Black Ops" sets record for Activision" 4041:"The Priesthood At Play: Computer Games in the 1950s" 1597:

in 1993 (equivalent to $ 41.8 billion in 2023),

1593:

The video game industry generated worldwide sales of

7811: 7205: 4665: 4663: 4661: 1609:

in quarters while home console game sales generated

805:

Consumers, the purchasers and players of video games

7271: 4395: 4072:"Bertie the Brain programmer heads science council" 3677:, development and engineering. Players also create 2010:Since 2000, the video game industry was considered 1613:Combined, this was nearly two and a half times the 1399:. In 1987, Nintendo lost a legal challenge against 7674: 7558:"China Freezes Game Approvals Amid Agency Shakeup" 7550: 6813:"Top countries and markets by video game revenues" 6783:"Top countries and markets by video game revenues" 6186:"Video Game Retail Sales Decline Despite New Hits" 5949:"Only 25 triple-A console studios left, claims EA" 5156: 4722: 4671: 3609: 2102:, much more important than in the music industry. 6850:. Networkworld.com. April 6, 2010. Archived from 6183: 5783:"How Much Does It Cost To Make A Big Video Game?" 4670:Everett M. Rogers & Judith K. Larsen (1984). 4658: 3708:The industry has seen a shift towards games with 1249:(later known as Atari 2600), becoming the first " 11683: 6842: 6840: 6838: 6532:"Video game industry growth still strong: study" 5892:"Japan's Richest Man Is...Yes, Hiroshi Yamauchi" 5565:"Among Us' Improbable Rise To The Top Of Twitch" 5291: 5289: 5287: 5234: 5232: 4325: 4323: 4287:Computer and Video Game Law: Cases and Materials 2820:to support marketing and distribution of games. 1354:boomed. This was especially in Europe (with the 1194:clones, which flooded the market and led to the 6971: 6669: 5856:. December 21, 2010. Retrieved on May 19, 2011. 4808: 4626: 4559: 4329: 4284:Ashley S. Lipson & Robert D. Brain (2009). 4131:"Video Game History Timeline | The Strong" 3761:Zackariasson, P. and Wilson, T.L. eds. (2012). 3540: 3537:in February of each year at Las Vegas, Nevada. 1974:and the previous title holder for a video game 1842:have become more affordable as of August 2022. 1235:(equivalent to $ 6.31 billion in 2023) in 7778: 7011:"Video Game Industry - Statistics & Facts" 6924: 5881:, April 15, 2008. Retrieved on April 15, 2008. 5780: 3702: 1684:. Game development for mobile phones (such as 905:. Most of these professionals are employed by 847:Production and tools layer: generates content 8032: 6835: 6695: 6693: 6585: 6583: 5719: 5284: 5229: 5072:"Insert Coin Here: Getting a Fighting Chance" 4717: 4320: 4247: 4158:"One, Two, Three, Four I Declare a Space War" 3973: 1261:industry began forming from a hobby culture. 877:End-users layer: or the players of the games. 597: 7644: 7387:. Wired.co.uk. June 22, 2010. Archived from 7385:"Game industry tax relief plans are shelved" 5752:"Top Gaming Studios, Schools & Salaries" 5010:"IGN Presents the History of Street Fighter" 4852: 3408: 1091:industry, which was previously dominated by 817:, the function of the developer themselves. 802:Retailer, storefront where the game is sold. 206:Specialized / alternative-paradigmatic types 7059: 6753:"A SURVEY OF THE VIDEO GAME MARKET IN 2021" 6592:"The irritation of staggered release dates" 6589: 5391: 5150: 5148: 4912: 4910: 3333:Video gaming is a relatively new sector in 771:based on the retail distribution of games: 8039: 8025: 7712:""IUB holds 2D game development workshop"" 7307:. Blog.eu.playstation.com. March 2, 2010. 6690: 6580: 5920: 5686: 5007: 4885:"World of Spectrum - Archive - YS Top 100" 4804: 4802: 4358: 3969: 3967: 3965: 3535:Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences 3490:in Los Angeles, California is held by the 2937:is the best-selling space simulation. The 2332: 2202:A license to develop games for the console 2038:video game store at the Isokatu street in 604: 590: 7996:International Game Developers Association 7523: 7356: 6977: 6355: 6111: 5539: 5488: 4530: 4463: 4023: 3953: 3687:, which began as a mod of the video game 3443:, the major video game fair by attendance 3427:Conventions, trade shows, and conferences 3209:Japanese-developed arcade games, such as 1647:Seventh generation of video game consoles 1574:, following the release of games such as 1224:during the golden age. More than 360,000 7524:Valentine, Rebekah (February 12, 2019). 6955:. Gamesindustry.biz. December 11, 2012. 6701:"Top Countries/Markets by Game Revenues" 6289: 6227:"What's going wrong at UK games retail?" 6225:Dring, Christopher (November 21, 2016). 6153:Dring, Christopher (December 16, 2016). 5975: 5655: 5528:Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 5489:Witkowski, Wallace (December 26, 2020). 5427:"The Future of Games and How to Stop It" 5394:"Welcome to the New Era: Games as Media" 5270:. Council of Europe. 1996. p. 123. 5244:. Council of Europe. 1996. p. 123. 5195:. No. 174. May 1996. pp. 10–1. 5154: 5145: 4916: 4907: 4553: 4427: 3430: 3187: 3143: 2858: 2784: 2759:, employs over two thousand people. The 2747:has also developed a particularly large 2694: 2271: 2030: 1710:Eighth generation of video game consoles 1624: 1481:-based storage and software distribution 1444:Fourth generation of video game consoles 1429: 1299:Fourth generation of video game consoles 1287:Second generation of video game consoles 1268: 1154:Second generation of video game consoles 1127: 786:, and their leadership, with support of 615: 62:of all important aspects of the article. 7830:from the original on September 15, 2015 7817: 7774:from the original on December 31, 2019. 7285:from the original on September 20, 2019 7211: 7137:from the original on September 23, 2016 6616: 6562:"E3 is Obsolete, But it Doesn't Matter" 6382: 6322: 6256:Dring, Christopher (November 8, 2016). 6061:from the original on September 15, 2022 5562: 5455: 5392:van Dreunen, Joost (October 24, 2016). 5363:"The Gaming Industry – An Introduction" 5118: 5038: 4799: 4255:"The Gaming Industry – An Introduction" 4102: 4069: 4005: 3962: 2871:is the world's leading game trade fair. 1779:Ninth generation of video game consoles 1643:Sixth generation of video game consoles 1452:Sixth generation of video game consoles 1448:Fifth generation of video game consoles 1307:reached its zenith. The total sales of 1295:Third generation of video game consoles 1142:First generation of video game consoles 14: 11684: 11065: 7716:Daily Observer. Retrieved 21 June 2014 7692:from the original on November 18, 2015 7602:from the original on December 10, 2019 7329: 7244: 7021:from the original on September 9, 2019 6678:from the original on September 3, 2017 6554: 6529: 6337:from the original on September 7, 2016 6290:Purchese, Robert (December 18, 2013). 6268:from the original on November 27, 2016 5668:from the original on September 9, 2020 5637:from the original on September 9, 2020 5606:from the original on September 9, 2020 5575:from the original on September 9, 2020 5556: 5437:from the original on February 22, 2014 5424: 5343:from the original on February 13, 2013 5217:from the original on February 22, 2015 5207:"Second Hand Smoke – One up, two down" 5119:Spencer, Spanner (February 12, 2008). 5069: 4290:. Carolina Academic Press. p. 9. 4223: 4187:Smith, Alexander (November 19, 2019). 4168:from the original on December 22, 2015 4137:from the original on September 6, 2021 4051:from the original on December 22, 2015 4032: 3864: 2737:Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment 1087:industry grew out of the pre-existing 58:Please consider expanding the lead to 18:List of video games markets by country 11279: 11064: 10329: 8793: 8792: 8059: 8020: 7960: 7931: 7906: 7881: 7849:Whan, Christopher (August 12, 2018). 7818:Spooner, Samantha (January 5, 2015). 7784: 7538:from the original on January 17, 2023 7485: 7338:from the original on November 7, 2010 7226:from the original on November 9, 2019 7008: 6978:Takahashi, Dean (February 14, 2017). 6933:from the original on November 5, 2017 6421:from the original on December 2, 2012 6255: 6224: 6206:from the original on January 31, 2018 6152: 6112:Wingfield, Nick (December 20, 2015). 6023:from the original on January 23, 2019 5824:from the original on October 30, 2014 5793:from the original on January 17, 2014 5687:Antonovici, Anatol (March 23, 2021). 5624: 5593: 5563:Grayson, Nathan (September 8, 2020). 5470:from the original on January 22, 2018 5406:from the original on November 1, 2016 5170:from the original on January 30, 2019 5090: 5020:from the original on November 9, 2020 4492: 4451:from the original on January 28, 2013 4435:"Making millions, 25 cents at a time" 4304:from the original on January 17, 2023 4211:from the original on January 17, 2023 4186: 4180: 4155: 4149: 4039:Smith, Alexander (January 22, 2014). 4038: 3895: 3786:from the original on January 12, 2021 3744:Hollywood and the video game industry 2892:is Europe's largest video game expo. 2236: 1095:(EM games). Following the arrival of 11697:Economics of the arts and literature 11651: 8046: 7863:from the original on August 13, 2018 7848: 7570:from the original on August 16, 2018 7505:from the original on October 2, 2014 7443:from the original on October 4, 2014 7212:Mardsen, Rhordi (January 25, 2015). 7189:. gamesindustry.biz. April 5, 2016. 7157:"Top 100 Countries By Game Revenues" 7009:Gough, Christina (August 12, 2019). 6906:from the original on October 6, 2015 6093:from the original on August 24, 2022 6008: 5990:from the original on January 2, 2020 5732:from the original on August 10, 2022 5373:from the original on October 6, 2015 5112: 4958:from the original on October 1, 2012 4948:"IGN Presents the History of Madden" 4945: 4784:from the original on October 1, 2011 4265:from the original on January 5, 2016 4070:Simmons, Marlene (October 9, 1975). 3632: 3494:. Other similar trade shows include 2929:are established RPG franchises. The 2281: 1853: 1168:, was released. The following year, 928: 744: 31: 7975:from the original on August 6, 2017 7799:from the original on August 3, 2015 7785:Fripp, Charlie (October 15, 2013). 7748: 7632:from the original on August 6, 2018 7365:from the original on March 24, 2012 7311:from the original on March 21, 2015 7167:from the original on March 30, 2016 7077:from the original on March 30, 2016 7067:"Top 100 Countries by Game Revenue" 6959:from the original on March 31, 2014 6925:Kevin Carignan (January 30, 2018). 6823:from the original on March 26, 2023 6793:from the original on March 26, 2023 6670:Jason Rodriguez (August 31, 2017). 6625:from the original on August 3, 2020 6617:Elliman, Sarah (November 8, 2017). 6052: 6042:https://hbcnews.com/id/wbna23472166 5976:Minoitti, Mike (January 22, 2019). 5781:Superannuation (January 15, 2014). 5701:from the original on April 20, 2021 5521: 5199: 5182: 5155:Nakamura, Yuki (January 23, 2019). 5096:"Arcades: Ready for a Renaissance?" 4917:Williams, Andrew (March 16, 2017). 4361:"The 30 Defining Moments in Gaming" 4156:Smith, Alexander (August 7, 2014). 4103:Donovan, Tristan (April 20, 2010). 4063: 3877:from the original on August 9, 2022 3401:have been making rapid advances in 2278:Regional lockout § Video games 2165: 1885:The chart shows the impacts of the 832:Product and talent layer: includes 24: 10330: 8060: 7953: 7259:from the original on April 5, 2019 7245:Stuart, Keith (January 27, 2010). 7193:from the original on April 8, 2016 7131:Entertainment Software Association 7101:Entertainment Software Association 6990:from the original on April 7, 2020 6763:from the original on April 7, 2023 6711:from the original on June 27, 2023 6651:from the original on April 7, 2018 6542:from the original on March 8, 2021 6383:Valjalo, David (October 4, 2010). 6304:from the original on June 22, 2017 6237:from the original on June 22, 2017 6165:from the original on June 15, 2017 5656:Matthews, Emma (August 25, 2020). 5625:Baird, Scott (September 7, 2020). 5594:Grimm, Peter (September 7, 2020). 5503:from the original on July 16, 2022 5121:"The Tao of Beat-'em-ups (part 2)" 5084: 4989:from the original on June 25, 2020 4398:"Asia Pacific Perspectives, Japan" 4243:. November 1996. pp. 211–229. 4106:Replay: The History of Video Games 4084:from the original on March 8, 2021 3905:Entertainment Software Association 3846:from the original on June 12, 2021 3492:Entertainment Software Association 3050:Video gaming in the United Kingdom 2959:, who also produced the topseller 2755:developers, the largest of which, 2676: 2359: 1827:global semiconductor chip shortage 1700:, raised more than $ 300 million. 1208:, released in 1978, inspiring the 859:, and production management tools. 756:Entertainment Software Association 566:List of video game industry people 25: 11723: 7989: 7662:from the original on July 1, 2017 7357:Henderson, Rik (March 21, 2012). 6598:from the original on June 8, 2018 6134:from the original on July 2, 2018 5425:Radoff, Jon (February 10, 2014). 4976: 4861:from the original on May 15, 2011 4768:Kevin "Fragmaster" Bowen (2001). 4445:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 3898:"Video Games in the 21st Century" 3361:market in India was estimated at 3224:took the opportunity to push the 3043: 2781:Video gaming in the United States 2670:, and relatively less popular in 1830:for computer parts to be used in 1517:and mobile phones, which enabled 11662: 11650: 11639: 11638: 7925: 7900: 7875: 7842: 7787:"Top 10 African game developers" 7722: 7704: 7614: 7582: 7517: 7469:. April 21, 2016. Archived from 7455: 7429: 7417:from the original on May 9, 2012 7403: 7377: 7350: 7323: 7297: 7238: 7179: 7149: 7119: 7089: 7033: 7002: 6945: 6918: 6888: 6866: 6358:"Activision Aims for Sweet Spot" 6356:Wolverton, Troy (May 24, 2005). 5811: 5720:Jarred Walton (August 1, 2022). 5008:McLaughlin, Rus (July 7, 2010). 4512:. September 2007. pp. 24–33 4402:Asia-Pacific Perspectives, Japan 3637: 3217:golden age of arcade video games 2803:and the first home console, the 2774: 2685: 2285: 2208:A separate license for each game 1858: 1635:best-selling console of all time 1378:cassettes and CDs. In 1983, the 1305:golden age of video arcade games 1283:Golden age of video arcade games 1210:golden age of video arcade games 1150:Golden age of video arcade games 933: 359:Intellectual property protection 82: 36: 11663: 9193:Outdoors & sports equipment 7330:Hinkle, David (April 5, 2010). 6805: 6775: 6745: 6723: 6663: 6637: 6610: 6590:Josh Butler (August 11, 2010). 6530:Szalai, Georg (June 21, 2007). 6523: 6493: 6463: 6433: 6403: 6376: 6360:. TheStreet.com. Archived from 6349: 6323:Parfitt, Ben (August 7, 2013). 6316: 6249: 6218: 6177: 6146: 6105: 6073: 6046: 6035: 6002: 5969: 5941: 5914: 5884: 5859: 5836: 5805: 5774: 5744: 5713: 5680: 5649: 5618: 5587: 5515: 5482: 5449: 5418: 5385: 5325: 5258: 5063: 5032: 5001: 4970: 4946:Fahs, Travis (August 8, 2008). 4939: 4877: 4846: 4761: 4711: 4620: 4591: 4524: 4500:"The Definitive Space Invaders" 4389: 4352: 4277: 4123: 4096: 3610:Recognition within the industry 3589:. More recently, the effect of 2341: 2216: 1993:high-budget, high-quality games 1984:and Japan's third richest man: 1380:North American industry crashed 1257:. By the end of the 1970s, the 50:may be too short to adequately 6387:. Next-gen.biz. Archived from 4471:"Space Invaders vs. Star Wars" 4359:Edge Staff (August 13, 2007). 4231:"The Great Videogame Swindle?" 3999: 3926: 3889: 3858: 3828: 3798: 3768: 3755: 3621:capped by the top prize, the " 3299: 3238:Sony Interactive Entertainment 1901:(late 1980s), and the rise of 1836:2021–2022 cryptocurrency crash 1407:handheld system was launched. 1158:In 1971, the first commercial 990: 986:History of video game consoles 762: 60:provide an accessible overview 13: 1: 9197:Personal protective equipment 7961:Leone, Matt (July 17, 2017). 6645:"Region Lock and Video Games" 6053:Wen, Howard (April 9, 2008). 6009:Robb, David (July 13, 2018). 5898:. May 7, 2008. Archived from 5456:Riddell, Don (May 29, 2016). 5104:. No. 7 (January 1995). 4853:Chris Morris (May 10, 2005). 3865:Browne, Ryan (July 7, 2022). 3749: 3322: 3226:Nintendo Entertainment System 2179:in many ways. But unlike the 2105: 1807:Animal Crossing: New Horizons 1420:Electronic Entertainment Expo 1385:Nintendo Entertainment System 1275:Nintendo Entertainment System 982:History of arcade video games 706:in 2022; the industry is not 561:List of video game publishers 549:List of video game developers 4396:Jiji Gaho Sha, inc. (2003). 4109:. Yellow Ant. pp. 1–9. 4018:(5). University of Chicago. 3541:Media coverage and archiving 2729:Artificial Mind and Movement 2530:Number of players (million) 2081: 1845: 1513:Shrinking of hardware, with 1047:created by engineering firm 1041:Canadian National Exhibition 1013:-playing device designed by 997:Early history of video games 862:Distribution layer: or the " 790:and other development tools. 778:, representing programmers, 576:List of video game magazines 7: 11280: 4811:"Video Game Stars: Pac-Man" 4197:. pp. 119–20, 188–91. 3739:List of video game websites 3727: 3419:Video gaming in New Zealand 3306:Video gaming in South Korea 1995:under development. In 2013 1672:became successful, such as 1477:The widespread adoption of 1216:, traditional storefronts, 946:to comply with Knowledge's 620:The expo floor at the 2010 571:List of video game websites 10: 11728: 8011:Sloperama: Game Biz Advice 8005:Cambridge University Press 7932:Baran, Stanley J. (2014). 7907:Baran, Stanley J. (2014). 7882:Baran, Stanley J. (2014). 5189:"News: Virtua Fighter 3". 3979:New Media: an Introduction 3955:10.1007/s40869-020-00118-0 3942:The Computer Games Journal 3896:Siwek, Stephen E. (2017). 3613: 3544: 3527:Game Developers Conference 3516:Game Developers Conference 3479:being prominent examples. 3412: 3349: 3329:Video gaming in Bangladesh 3326: 3303: 3181: 3137: 3047: 2874: 2854: 2835: 2778: 2704: 2275: 2045:The industry's shift from 1891:golden age of arcade games 1776: 1764:events in the late 2000s, 1707: 1640: 1484:Continuing advancement of 1460:The "3D Revolution" where 1441: 1414:, to dedicated shows like 1280: 1245:was soon licensed for the 1139: 994: 975: 924: 690:in 2010, according to the 622:Game Developers Conference 495:Advertising in video games 11633: 11481: 11364: 11290: 11286: 11275: 11234: 11184: 11077: 11073: 11060: 10927: 10862: 10819: 10689: 10580: 10520: 10424: 10342: 10338: 10325: 10190: 10081: 9987: 9644: 9412: 9212: 8812: 8805: 8801: 8788: 8595: 8416: 8302: 8079: 8072: 8068: 8055: 7187:"The View From the Tower" 5925:. Gartner. Archived from 5848:January 25, 2011, at the 5070:Carter, Jay (July 1993). 4925:. pp. 143–6, 152–4. 4531:Whittaker, Jason (2004). 3703:game industry value chain 3646:This article needs to be 3628: 3616:List of video game awards 3415:Video gaming in Australia 3409:Australia and New Zealand 3383: 3378: 3357:late 2010s. In 2019, the 3215:, helped to usher in the 2831: 2690: 2152:Digital rights management 2141: 2026: 1838:, computer parts such as 1412:Consumer Electronics Show 1401:Blockbuster Entertainment 857:customizable game engines 733:, and co-processors like 364:Digital rights management 11511:Mergers and acquisitions 11252:Research and development 9612:Chemical & hormonal 9267:Communications equipment 7073:. newzoo. January 2017. 5367:Entrepreneurial Insights 5192:Computer and Video Games 5039:Compton, Shanna (2004). 4809:Mark J. P. Wolf (2008). 4627:Mark J. P. Wolf (2008). 4560:Mark J. P. Wolf (2008). 4330:Jason Whittaker (2004). 3591:social media influencers 3345: 3177: 3133: 2998:Spellbound Entertainment 2088:music recording industry 1895:video game crash of 1983 1787:The next generations of 1772: 1703: 1620: 1499:, such as the series of 1488:speed and sophistication 1425: 1362:) and in Asia (with the 1303:In the early 1980s, the 1291:Video game crash of 1983 1264: 1255:video game crash of 1983 1196:video game crash of 1977 1146:Video game crash of 1977 1123: 1093:electro-mechanical games 959:may contain suggestions. 944:may need to be rewritten 820: 10297:Painting and decorating 9321:Medical imaging systems 9254:Parts & peripherals 6647:. Dungeoncrawl.com.au. 5871:March 17, 2009, at the 4533:The cyberspace handbook 4332:The cyberspace handbook 3983:Oxford University Press 3551:Video game preservation 3514:(China) and the annual 3403:mobile game development 3128: 2965:and its sequels later. 2877:Video gaming in Germany 2765:series, along with the 2333:International practices 1965:Call of Duty: Black Ops 1953:video game monetization 1491:Widespread adoption of 749: 727:3D graphic accelerators 643:that specialize in the 91:Part of a series on the 11712:Industries (economics) 11702:Entertainment industry 11615:State-owned enterprise 11595:Nonprofit organization 11506:Horizontal integration 9314:Scientific instruments 9277:Network infrastructure 7281:. BBC. December 2014. 6900:Meetings à la Montréal 5854:Yahoo Games Plugged In 5305:. No. 3392–3405. 4599:"Electronic Education" 4410:University of Virginia 4006:Scacchi, Walt (2010). 3765:. New York: Routledge. 3444: 3201: 3152: 2872: 2842:Video gaming in France 2838:Video gaming in Russia 2794: 2707:Video gaming in Canada 2702: 2682: 2042: 1638: 1515:handheld game consoles 1439: 1278: 1259:personal computer game 1137: 978:History of video games 641:entertainment industry 624: 10958:Private investigation 7658:. November 17, 2012. 7628:. December 29, 2011. 7411:"Canada overtakes UK" 7359:"UK tax relief break" 5921:van der Meulen, Rob. 5339:. December 15, 2009. 4447:. November 23, 1982. 4315:overloaded coin slot. 4025:10.5210/fm.v15i5.2965 3603:intellectual property 3547:Video game journalism 3434: 3352:Video gaming in India 3191: 3184:Video gaming in Japan 3147: 3140:Video gaming in China 3004:. Publishers include 2909:series of games. The 2862: 2850:Video gaming in Spain 2846:Video gaming in Italy 2809:1983 video game crash 2788: 2698: 2680: 2272:Regional distribution 2034: 1832:cryptocurrency mining 1629:The sixth-generation 1628: 1523:The emergence of the 1433: 1372:Video game journalism 1272: 1131: 1023:New York World's Fair 1019:Westinghouse Electric 1001:Early mainframe games 995:Further information: 976:Further information: 911:video game publishers 907:video game developers 619: 11526:Vertical integration 9527:Speciality chemicals 9367:Electrical equipment 9284:Consumer electronics 5213:. October 22, 1999. 5211:Tom's Hardware Guide 4603:Electronic Education 4133:. Museumofplay.org. 3985:. pp. 101–114. 2196:console manufacturer 2146:The industry claims 2114:, founded by former 1922:Sierra Entertainment 1416:Nintendo Space World 1346:In the early 1980s, 1031:, an arcade game of 428:Downloadable content 11707:Mass media industry 11692:Video game industry 11610:Sole proprietorship 11585:Joint-stock company 10854:Veterinary medicine 10679:Property management 10473:Passenger transport 9500:Commodity chemicals 9326:Optical instruments 9294:Video game consoles 9187:Musical instruments 9028:Media reproduction 7824:Mail & Guardian 7652:"Japan fights back" 7598:. August 31, 2018. 6929:. Destructoid.com. 6884:on October 7, 2015. 6757:allcorrectgames.com 6674:. Destructoid.com. 6481:on February 6, 2011 6089:. August 22, 2022. 6086:The Washington Post 5929:on October 31, 2013 4895:on October 30, 2015 4889:worldofspectrum.org 4770:"Game of the Week: 4377:on October 29, 2011 3981:(Second ed.). 3734:List of video games 3262:The Legend of Zelda 2939:FIFA Manager series 2915:The Settlers series 2791:Activision Blizzard 1957:online distribution 1951:Traditionally, the 1747:, with millions of 1572:3D polygon graphics 1462:3D polygon graphics 1397:Gremlin Interactive 1350:home computing and 1058:The development of 1053:Festival of Britain 851:, game development 629:video game industry 411:Episodic video game 97:Video game industry 11558:Putting-out system 11067:Information sector 10988:Personal services 10590:Financial services 10062:offshore platforms 9911:advanced materials 9892:Ready-mix concrete 9345:Laser construction 9305:Clocks and watches 9139:Injection moulding 9110:Other fabrication 9063:household hardware 7413:. March 31, 2012. 7047:on August 24, 2019 6621:. Gameskinny.com. 6451:on August 10, 2012 6417:. March 31, 2009. 6191:The New York Times 6119:The New York Times 6016:Deadline Hollywood 5369:. April 17, 2015. 5309:. 1994. p. 58 5106:Paragon Publishing 4539:. pp. 122–3. 4510:Imagine Publishing 4261:. April 17, 2015. 4162:They Create Worlds 4045:They Create Worlds 3448:Gaming conventions 3445: 3202: 3153: 2943:Spec Ops: The Line 2873: 2795: 2703: 2683: 2297:. You can help by 2242:Gaming conventions 2237:Gaming conventions 2043: 1639: 1529:competitive gaming 1440: 1320:($ 4 billion) and 1279: 1222:convenience stores 1184:video game console 1138: 715:personal computers 625: 436:Games as a service 11679: 11678: 11629: 11628: 11625: 11624: 11456:Natural resources 11301:Production-based 11271: 11270: 11267: 11266: 11209:Vocational school 11056: 11055: 11052: 11051: 10321: 10320: 10317: 10316: 10282:Electrical wiring 10268:Specialty trades 10222:Civil engineering 10077: 10076: 9751:Vulcanized rubber 9547:Cleaning products 9387:Electric lighting 9104:Surface finishing 9094:Powder metallurgy 9049:Metal fabrication 8795:Industrial sector 8784: 8783: 8780: 8779: 8683:Rare-earth metals 8591: 8590: 7943:978-0-07-352621-8 7918:978-0-07-352621-8 7893:978-0-07-352621-8 7566:August 14, 2018. 7531:GamesIndustry.biz 6854:on April 12, 2010 6759:. April 1, 2022. 6262:GamesIndustry.biz 6231:GamesIndustry.biz 6159:GamesIndustry.biz 5902:on March 30, 2009 5522:Zhu, Lin (2021). 5399:GamesIndustry.biz 5094:(November 1994). 4932:978-1-317-50381-1 4828:978-0-313-33868-7 4644:978-0-313-33868-7 4577:978-0-313-33868-7 4297:978-1-59460-488-1 4204:978-0-429-75261-2 4116:978-0-9565072-0-4 3914:on March 10, 2021 3782:. July 25, 2020. 3667: 3666: 3280:In recent years, 3014:dtp entertainment 3002:Yager Development 2725:Eidos Interactive 2664: 2663: 2516: 2515: 2376:Revenue (billion 2315: 2314: 2262:Penny Arcade Expo 2173:recording artists 2063:Virgin Megastores 2020:COVID-19 pandemic 1893:(1978–1983), the 1880: 1879: 1797:COVID-19 pandemic 1761:augmented reality 1661:augmented reality 1567:graphics to true 1544:Street Fighter II 1505:Microsoft Windows 1497:operating systems 1474:in the mid-1990s. 1309:arcade video game 1160:arcade video game 1085:arcade video game 974: 973: 948:quality standards 745:Industry overview 696:from 2019 to 2021 676:US$ 134.9 billion 661:consumer feedback 614: 613: 456:Microtransactions 225:Interactive movie 77: 76: 16:(Redirected from 11719: 11666: 11665: 11654: 11653: 11642: 11641: 11538:Enforced breakup 11533:Decentralization 11461:Physical capital 11288: 11287: 11277: 11276: 11075: 11074: 11062: 11061: 10938:Customer service 10849:Residential care 10797:Public relations 10605:Financial advice 10582:Asset management 10377:Department store 10340: 10339: 10327: 10326: 10307:Site preparation 10155:Telecom networks 10123:Waste management 10099:Gas distribution 9783:Synthetic fibers 9510:Industrial gases 9249:Computer systems 9183:Medical supplies 8810: 8809: 8803: 8802: 8790: 8789: 8220:Animal husbandry 8191:Medicinal plants 8077: 8076: 8070: 8069: 8057: 8056: 8041: 8034: 8027: 8018: 8017: 7984: 7982: 7980: 7948: 7947: 7929: 7923: 7922: 7904: 7898: 7897: 7879: 7873: 7872: 7870: 7868: 7846: 7840: 7839: 7837: 7835: 7815: 7809: 7808: 7806: 7804: 7782: 7776: 7775: 7773: 7760: 7752: 7746: 7745: 7743: 7741: 7736:. August 9, 2020 7726: 7720: 7719: 7708: 7702: 7701: 7699: 7697: 7678: 7672: 7671: 7669: 7667: 7648: 7642: 7641: 7639: 7637: 7618: 7612: 7611: 7609: 7607: 7586: 7580: 7579: 7577: 7575: 7554: 7548: 7547: 7545: 7543: 7521: 7515: 7514: 7512: 7510: 7489: 7483: 7482: 7480: 7478: 7473:on April 7, 2022 7459: 7453: 7452: 7450: 7448: 7433: 7427: 7426: 7424: 7422: 7407: 7401: 7400: 7398: 7396: 7391:on June 25, 2010 7381: 7375: 7374: 7372: 7370: 7354: 7348: 7347: 7345: 7343: 7327: 7321: 7320: 7318: 7316: 7301: 7295: 7294: 7292: 7290: 7275: 7269: 7268: 7266: 7264: 7242: 7236: 7235: 7233: 7231: 7209: 7203: 7202: 7200: 7198: 7183: 7177: 7176: 7174: 7172: 7163:. January 2017. 7153: 7147: 7146: 7144: 7142: 7123: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7112: 7103:. Archived from 7097:"Industry Facts" 7093: 7087: 7086: 7084: 7082: 7063: 7057: 7056: 7054: 7052: 7043:. Archived from 7037: 7031: 7030: 7028: 7026: 7006: 7000: 6999: 6997: 6995: 6975: 6969: 6968: 6966: 6964: 6949: 6943: 6942: 6940: 6938: 6922: 6916: 6915: 6913: 6911: 6892: 6886: 6885: 6880:. Archived from 6870: 6864: 6863: 6861: 6859: 6844: 6833: 6832: 6830: 6828: 6809: 6803: 6802: 6800: 6798: 6779: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6768: 6749: 6743: 6742: 6740: 6738: 6727: 6721: 6720: 6718: 6716: 6697: 6688: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6667: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6656: 6641: 6635: 6634: 6632: 6630: 6614: 6608: 6607: 6605: 6603: 6587: 6578: 6577: 6575: 6573: 6558: 6552: 6551: 6549: 6547: 6527: 6521: 6520: 6518: 6516: 6511:on March 3, 2013 6507:. Archived from 6497: 6491: 6490: 6488: 6486: 6477:. Archived from 6467: 6461: 6460: 6458: 6456: 6447:. Archived from 6437: 6431: 6430: 6428: 6426: 6407: 6401: 6400: 6398: 6396: 6391:on April 3, 2013 6380: 6374: 6373: 6371: 6369: 6353: 6347: 6346: 6344: 6342: 6320: 6314: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6287: 6278: 6277: 6275: 6273: 6253: 6247: 6246: 6244: 6242: 6222: 6216: 6215: 6213: 6211: 6181: 6175: 6174: 6172: 6170: 6150: 6144: 6143: 6141: 6139: 6109: 6103: 6102: 6100: 6098: 6077: 6071: 6070: 6068: 6066: 6050: 6044: 6039: 6033: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6006: 6000: 5999: 5997: 5995: 5973: 5967: 5966: 5964: 5962: 5945: 5939: 5938: 5936: 5934: 5918: 5912: 5911: 5909: 5907: 5888: 5882: 5863: 5857: 5840: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5829: 5809: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5789:. Gawker Media. 5778: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5762:on July 19, 2013 5758:. Archived from 5748: 5742: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5717: 5711: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5684: 5678: 5677: 5675: 5673: 5653: 5647: 5646: 5644: 5642: 5622: 5616: 5615: 5613: 5611: 5591: 5585: 5584: 5582: 5580: 5569:Kotaku Australia 5560: 5554: 5553: 5543: 5541:10.1002/hbe2.221 5519: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5508: 5486: 5480: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5453: 5447: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5422: 5416: 5415: 5413: 5411: 5389: 5383: 5382: 5380: 5378: 5359: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5348: 5329: 5323: 5322: 5316: 5314: 5293: 5282: 5281: 5262: 5256: 5255: 5236: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5203: 5197: 5196: 5186: 5180: 5179: 5177: 5175: 5160: 5152: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5138: 5133:on July 15, 2011 5129:. Archived from 5116: 5110: 5109: 5088: 5082: 5081: 5077:Electronic Games 5067: 5061: 5060: 5047:Soft Skull Press 5036: 5030: 5029: 5027: 5025: 5005: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4994: 4977:Hurby, Patrick. 4974: 4968: 4967: 4965: 4963: 4943: 4937: 4936: 4914: 4905: 4904: 4902: 4900: 4891:. Archived from 4881: 4875: 4874: 4868: 4866: 4850: 4844: 4843: 4837: 4835: 4806: 4797: 4796: 4791: 4789: 4765: 4759: 4758: 4753: 4751: 4728: 4725:Keeping in touch 4715: 4709: 4708: 4702: 4700: 4677: 4667: 4656: 4655: 4653: 4651: 4624: 4618: 4617: 4612: 4610: 4595: 4589: 4588: 4586: 4584: 4557: 4551: 4550: 4528: 4522: 4521: 4519: 4517: 4496: 4490: 4489: 4484: 4482: 4467: 4461: 4460: 4458: 4456: 4440:The Fifth Estate 4431: 4425: 4424: 4419: 4417: 4393: 4387: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4373:. Archived from 4356: 4350: 4349: 4327: 4318: 4317: 4311: 4309: 4281: 4275: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4227: 4221: 4220: 4218: 4216: 4184: 4178: 4177: 4175: 4173: 4153: 4147: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4100: 4094: 4093: 4091: 4089: 4067: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4003: 3997: 3996: 3971: 3960: 3959: 3957: 3939: 3930: 3924: 3923: 3921: 3919: 3913: 3907:. Archived from 3902: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3862: 3856: 3855: 3853: 3851: 3842:. June 9, 2011. 3832: 3826: 3825: 3823: 3821: 3812:. Archived from 3802: 3796: 3795: 3793: 3791: 3772: 3766: 3759: 3662: 3659: 3653: 3641: 3640: 3633: 3623:Game of the Year 3500:Brasil Game Show 3370: 3365: 3192:Headquarters of 3112:Colin McRae Dirt 3100:Grand Theft Auto 3034:Goodgame Studios 2805:Magnavox Odyssey 2789:Activision (now 2762:Assassin's Creed 2713:Ubisoft Montreal 2700:Ubisoft Montreal 2521: 2520: 2381: 2367: 2366: 2310: 2307: 2289: 2282: 2166:Creative control 2047:brick and mortar 2006: 1997:Richard Hilleman 1986:Hiroshi Yamauchi 1862: 1861: 1854: 1803: 1696:game developer, 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1328: 1315: 1234: 1188:Magnavox Odyssey 1134:Magnavox Odyssey 1060:cathode ray tube 1028:Bertie the Brain 969: 966: 960: 937: 929: 913:. However, many 849:production tools 776:Game development 705: 701: 689: 688:US$ 25.1 billion 685: 681: 677: 606: 599: 592: 461:In-game currency 86: 79: 78: 72: 69: 63: 40: 32: 21: 11727: 11726: 11722: 11721: 11720: 11718: 11717: 11716: 11682: 11681: 11680: 11675: 11674: 11621: 11590:Nationalization 11477: 11447:Primary inputs 11368: 11360: 11293: 11292:Classification 11282: 11263: 11230: 11180: 11164:Social networks 11081: 11069: 11048: 11032:Business travel 10934:Administrative 10923: 10902:Amusement parks 10866: 10858: 10832:Dentist offices 10815: 10685: 10652:Pension funding 10625:Risk management 10610:Holding company 10576: 10516: 10428: 10420: 10392:Specialty store 10387:Online shopping 10334: 10313: 10186: 10073: 9983: 9640: 9598:Pharmaceuticals 9542:Aroma compounds 9478:Petroleum jelly 9408: 9397:Home appliances 9392:Electric motors 9340:spotting scopes 9301:Instrumentation 9214: 9208: 9190:Office supplies 8797: 8776: 8760:Dimension stone 8694:Other minerals 8639:Mining of ores 8587: 8412: 8298: 8245:Other livestock 8131:Permanent crops 8064: 8051: 8045: 7992: 7987: 7978: 7976: 7956: 7954:Further reading 7951: 7944: 7930: 7926: 7919: 7905: 7901: 7894: 7880: 7876: 7866: 7864: 7847: 7843: 7833: 7831: 7816: 7812: 7802: 7800: 7783: 7779: 7771: 7758: 7754: 7753: 7749: 7739: 7737: 7728: 7727: 7723: 7710: 7709: 7705: 7695: 7693: 7680: 7679: 7675: 7665: 7663: 7650: 7649: 7645: 7635: 7633: 7620: 7619: 7615: 7605: 7603: 7588: 7587: 7583: 7573: 7571: 7556: 7555: 7551: 7541: 7539: 7522: 7518: 7508: 7506: 7491: 7490: 7486: 7476: 7474: 7461: 7460: 7456: 7446: 7444: 7435: 7434: 7430: 7420: 7418: 7409: 7408: 7404: 7394: 7392: 7383: 7382: 7378: 7368: 7366: 7355: 7351: 7341: 7339: 7328: 7324: 7314: 7312: 7303: 7302: 7298: 7288: 7286: 7277: 7276: 7272: 7262: 7260: 7243: 7239: 7229: 7227: 7219:The Independent 7210: 7206: 7196: 7194: 7185: 7184: 7180: 7170: 7168: 7155: 7154: 7150: 7140: 7138: 7125: 7124: 7120: 7110: 7108: 7107:on May 23, 2019 7095: 7094: 7090: 7080: 7078: 7065: 7064: 7060: 7050: 7048: 7039: 7038: 7034: 7024: 7022: 7007: 7003: 6993: 6991: 6976: 6972: 6962: 6960: 6951: 6950: 6946: 6936: 6934: 6923: 6919: 6909: 6907: 6894: 6893: 6889: 6872: 6871: 6867: 6857: 6855: 6846: 6845: 6836: 6826: 6824: 6811: 6810: 6806: 6796: 6794: 6781: 6780: 6776: 6766: 6764: 6751: 6750: 6746: 6736: 6734: 6729: 6728: 6724: 6714: 6712: 6699: 6698: 6691: 6681: 6679: 6668: 6664: 6654: 6652: 6643: 6642: 6638: 6628: 6626: 6615: 6611: 6601: 6599: 6594:. Den of Geek. 6588: 6581: 6571: 6569: 6560: 6559: 6555: 6545: 6543: 6528: 6524: 6514: 6512: 6499: 6498: 6494: 6484: 6482: 6469: 6468: 6464: 6454: 6452: 6439: 6438: 6434: 6424: 6422: 6409: 6408: 6404: 6394: 6392: 6381: 6377: 6367: 6365: 6364:on June 6, 2011 6354: 6350: 6340: 6338: 6321: 6317: 6307: 6305: 6288: 6281: 6271: 6269: 6254: 6250: 6240: 6238: 6223: 6219: 6209: 6207: 6182: 6178: 6168: 6166: 6151: 6147: 6137: 6135: 6110: 6106: 6096: 6094: 6079: 6078: 6074: 6064: 6062: 6051: 6047: 6040: 6036: 6026: 6024: 6007: 6003: 5993: 5991: 5974: 5970: 5960: 5958: 5947: 5946: 5942: 5932: 5930: 5919: 5915: 5905: 5903: 5890: 5889: 5885: 5873:Wayback Machine 5864: 5860: 5850:Wayback Machine 5841: 5837: 5827: 5825: 5810: 5806: 5796: 5794: 5779: 5775: 5765: 5763: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5735: 5733: 5718: 5714: 5704: 5702: 5685: 5681: 5671: 5669: 5654: 5650: 5640: 5638: 5623: 5619: 5609: 5607: 5592: 5588: 5578: 5576: 5561: 5557: 5520: 5516: 5506: 5504: 5487: 5483: 5473: 5471: 5454: 5450: 5440: 5438: 5423: 5419: 5409: 5407: 5390: 5386: 5376: 5374: 5361: 5360: 5356: 5346: 5344: 5331: 5330: 5326: 5312: 5310: 5297:"Business Week" 5295: 5294: 5285: 5278: 5264: 5263: 5259: 5252: 5238: 5237: 5230: 5220: 5218: 5205: 5204: 5200: 5188: 5187: 5183: 5173: 5171: 5153: 5146: 5136: 5134: 5117: 5113: 5089: 5085: 5068: 5064: 5057: 5049:. p. 119. 5037: 5033: 5023: 5021: 5006: 5002: 4992: 4990: 4979:"The Franchise" 4975: 4971: 4961: 4959: 4944: 4940: 4933: 4915: 4908: 4898: 4896: 4883: 4882: 4878: 4864: 4862: 4851: 4847: 4833: 4831: 4829: 4807: 4800: 4787: 4785: 4766: 4762: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4716: 4712: 4698: 4696: 4694: 4668: 4659: 4649: 4647: 4645: 4637:. p. 103. 4625: 4621: 4608: 4606: 4597: 4596: 4592: 4582: 4580: 4578: 4570:. p. 105. 4558: 4554: 4547: 4529: 4525: 4515: 4513: 4508:. No. 41. 4498: 4497: 4493: 4480: 4478: 4469: 4468: 4464: 4454: 4452: 4433: 4432: 4428: 4415: 4413: 4394: 4390: 4380: 4378: 4357: 4353: 4346: 4338:. p. 122. 4328: 4321: 4307: 4305: 4298: 4282: 4278: 4268: 4266: 4253: 4252: 4248: 4239:. No. 23. 4236:Next Generation 4229: 4228: 4224: 4214: 4212: 4205: 4185: 4181: 4171: 4169: 4154: 4150: 4140: 4138: 4129: 4128: 4124: 4117: 4101: 4097: 4087: 4085: 4068: 4064: 4054: 4052: 4037: 4033: 4004: 4000: 3993: 3972: 3963: 3937: 3931: 3927: 3917: 3915: 3911: 3900: 3894: 3890: 3880: 3878: 3863: 3859: 3849: 3847: 3834: 3833: 3829: 3819: 3817: 3804: 3803: 3799: 3789: 3787: 3774: 3773: 3769: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3730: 3663: 3657: 3654: 3651: 3642: 3638: 3631: 3618: 3612: 3553: 3543: 3531:D.I.C.E. Summit 3496:Tokyo Game Show 3459:, and numerous 3429: 3421: 3413:Main articles: 3411: 3386: 3381: 3363: 3362: 3354: 3348: 3331: 3325: 3308: 3302: 3186: 3180: 3142: 3136: 3131: 3080:LittleBigPlanet 3052: 3046: 3022:Nintendo Europe 2994:Related Designs 2879: 2857: 2852: 2836:Main articles: 2834: 2818:Electronic Arts 2783: 2777: 2757:Electronic Arts 2709: 2693: 2688: 2377: 2362: 2360:Largest markets 2344: 2335: 2311: 2305: 2302: 2295:needs expansion 2280: 2274: 2252:(Germany), the 2239: 2229:model over the 2219: 2168: 2148:software piracy 2144: 2108: 2098:, who fund the 2084: 2029: 2016:Great Recession 2004: 1934:Electronic Arts 1909: 1908: 1907: 1906: 1899:console revival 1884: 1881: 1876: 1863: 1859: 1848: 1801: 1789:Xbox Series X/S 1785: 1775: 1757:Virtual reality 1738:Castle Crashers 1712: 1706: 1657:virtual reality 1649: 1623: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1454: 1428: 1352:home-made games 1326: 1313: 1301: 1267: 1232: 1229:arcade cabinets 1180:arcade cabinets 1156: 1126: 1003: 993: 988: 970: 964: 961: 951: 938: 927: 883:game programmer 823: 765: 752: 747: 703: 699: 687: 683: 679: 675: 639:sectors of the 610: 581: 580: 544: 536: 535: 531:Game journalism 521: 513: 512: 497: 391: 377: 376: 369:Copy protection 294: 284: 283: 196: 188: 187: 120: 108: 73: 67: 64: 57: 45:This article's 41: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11725: 11715: 11714: 11709: 11704: 11699: 11694: 11677: 11676: 11673: 11672: 11660: 11648: 11635: 11634: 11631: 11630: 11627: 11626: 11623: 11622: 11620: 11619: 11618: 11617: 11612: 11607: 11602: 11597: 11592: 11587: 11582: 11572: 11571: 11570: 11568:Temporary work 11565: 11560: 11555: 11550: 11545: 11540: 11530: 11529: 11528: 11523: 11518: 11513: 11508: 11503: 11498: 11491:Centralization 11487: 11485: 11479: 11478: 11476: 11475: 11470: 11465: 11464: 11463: 11458: 11453: 11445: 11440: 11439: 11438: 11433: 11428: 11423: 11413: 11408: 11407: 11406: 11401: 11396: 11391: 11386: 11375: 11373: 11362: 11361: 11359: 11358: 11357: 11356: 11351: 11346: 11338: 11337: 11336: 11331: 11326: 11321: 11316: 11307: 11298: 11296: 11284: 11283: 11273: 11272: 11269: 11268: 11265: 11264: 11262: 11261: 11260: 11259: 11257:Basic research 11249: 11244: 11238: 11236: 11232: 11231: 11229: 11228: 11223: 11218: 11217: 11216: 11211: 11201: 11196: 11190: 11188: 11182: 11181: 11179: 11178: 11177: 11176: 11171: 11166: 11161: 11151: 11150: 11149: 11144: 11139: 11129: 11128: 11127: 11122: 11117: 11109: 11108: 11107: 11102: 11097: 11088: 11086: 11071: 11070: 11058: 11057: 11054: 11053: 11050: 11049: 11047: 11046: 11045: 11044: 11039: 11034: 11026: 11021: 11020: 11019: 11014: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10994: 10986: 10981: 10980: 10979: 10974: 10966: 10965: 10964: 10955: 10950: 10945: 10940: 10931: 10929: 10925: 10924: 10922: 10921: 10919:Tabletop games 10916: 10915: 10914: 10909: 10904: 10899: 10891: 10886: 10885: 10884: 10873: 10871: 10860: 10859: 10857: 10856: 10851: 10846: 10845: 10844: 10839: 10834: 10825: 10823: 10817: 10816: 10814: 10813: 10812: 10811: 10801: 10800: 10799: 10794: 10784: 10782:Legal services 10779: 10778: 10777: 10772: 10767: 10757: 10756: 10755: 10753:system testing 10742: 10737: 10723: 10722: 10721: 10716: 10711: 10706: 10695: 10693: 10687: 10686: 10684: 10683: 10682: 10681: 10676: 10666: 10665: 10664: 10659: 10654: 10649: 10644: 10634: 10633: 10632: 10627: 10622: 10617: 10615:Money transfer 10612: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10586: 10584: 10578: 10577: 10575: 10574: 10569: 10568: 10567: 10562: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10526: 10524: 10518: 10517: 10515: 10514: 10513: 10512: 10502: 10501: 10500: 10495: 10490: 10488:Passenger rail 10485: 10480: 10470: 10469: 10468: 10463: 10458: 10456:Moving company 10453: 10448: 10443: 10432: 10430: 10422: 10421: 10419: 10418: 10417: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10396: 10395: 10394: 10389: 10384: 10379: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10362:Consumer goods 10359: 10357:Car dealership 10348: 10346: 10336: 10335: 10332:Service sector 10323: 10322: 10319: 10318: 10315: 10314: 10312: 10311: 10310: 10309: 10304: 10299: 10294: 10289: 10284: 10279: 10274: 10266: 10265: 10264: 10259: 10254: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10219: 10218: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10196: 10194: 10188: 10187: 10185: 10184: 10183: 10182: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10162: 10152: 10147: 10146: 10145: 10140: 10135: 10130: 10120: 10119: 10118: 10108: 10107: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10087: 10085: 10079: 10078: 10075: 10074: 10072: 10071: 10066: 10065: 10064: 10055: 10050: 10035: 10030: 10029: 10028: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9993: 9991: 9989:Heavy industry 9985: 9984: 9982: 9981: 9976: 9975: 9974: 9969: 9959: 9958: 9957: 9947: 9946: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9928:Metal refining 9925: 9924: 9923: 9921:Synthetic gems 9918: 9913: 9904: 9898:Other mineral 9896: 9895: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9874: 9873: 9872: 9867: 9862: 9857: 9852: 9842: 9841: 9840: 9835: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9796: 9795: 9794: 9788:Thermoplastics 9785: 9780: 9775: 9770: 9765: 9755: 9754: 9753: 9748: 9738: 9737: 9736: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9711: 9710: 9709: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9679: 9678: 9677: 9668: 9663: 9648: 9646: 9642: 9641: 9639: 9638: 9637: 9636: 9631: 9626: 9621: 9616: 9614:contraceptives 9610: 9608:Blood products 9605: 9595: 9593:Fine chemicals 9590: 9589: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9564: 9559: 9554: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9524: 9523: 9522: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9497: 9496: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9480: 9475: 9473:Petrochemicals 9470: 9465: 9460: 9455: 9450: 9445: 9440: 9435: 9430: 9418: 9416: 9410: 9409: 9407: 9406: 9405: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9389: 9384: 9374: 9364: 9363: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9347: 9342: 9333: 9323: 9318: 9317: 9316: 9311: 9306: 9298: 9297: 9296: 9291: 9281: 9280: 9279: 9274: 9264: 9263: 9262: 9256: 9251: 9241: 9240: 9239: 9237:Semiconductors 9234: 9232:Circuit boards 9229: 9218: 9216: 9210: 9209: 9207: 9206: 9205: 9204: 9199: 9194: 9191: 9188: 9185: 9180: 9177: 9172: 9166: 9163: 9162: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9146: 9141: 9136: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9108: 9107: 9106: 9101: 9099:Prefabrication 9096: 9091: 9085: 9080: 9075: 9070: 9065: 9056: 9046: 9045: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9032:Cassette tapes 9026: 9025: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8994: 8993: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8952: 8951: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8930: 8925: 8920: 8915: 8910: 8900: 8899: 8898: 8893: 8890: 8887: 8882: 8872: 8871: 8870: 8868:Vegetable oils 8865: 8860: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8842: 8841:Dairy products 8839: 8834: 8829: 8818: 8816: 8814:Light industry 8807: 8799: 8798: 8786: 8785: 8782: 8781: 8778: 8777: 8775: 8774: 8773: 8772: 8767: 8762: 8757: 8752: 8747: 8742: 8737: 8732: 8722: 8721: 8720: 8715: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8692: 8691: 8690: 8685: 8680: 8675: 8670: 8665: 8660: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8637: 8636: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8599: 8597: 8593: 8592: 8589: 8588: 8586: 8585: 8584: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8563: 8555: 8554: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8503: 8502: 8501: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8420: 8418: 8414: 8413: 8411: 8410: 8409: 8408: 8403: 8396:Wild mushrooms 8393: 8392: 8391: 8386: 8373: 8371:Natural rubber 8368: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8338: 8333: 8332: 8331: 8321: 8320: 8319: 8308: 8306: 8300: 8299: 8297: 8296: 8295: 8294: 8284: 8283: 8282: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8237: 8232: 8227: 8217: 8216: 8215: 8210: 8200: 8199: 8198: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8156:Tropical fruit 8153: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8128: 8127: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8089:Arable farming 8085: 8083: 8074: 8066: 8065: 8062:Natural sector 8053: 8052: 8044: 8043: 8036: 8029: 8021: 8015: 8014: 8008: 7998: 7991: 7990:External links 7988: 7986: 7985: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7949: 7942: 7924: 7917: 7899: 7892: 7874: 7841: 7810: 7792:IT News Africa 7777: 7747: 7721: 7703: 7673: 7643: 7613: 7581: 7563:Bloomberg L.P. 7549: 7516: 7484: 7454: 7428: 7402: 7376: 7349: 7322: 7296: 7270: 7237: 7204: 7178: 7148: 7118: 7088: 7058: 7032: 7001: 6970: 6944: 6917: 6887: 6878:siiscanada.com 6865: 6834: 6804: 6774: 6744: 6722: 6689: 6662: 6636: 6609: 6579: 6568:. June 8, 2012 6553: 6522: 6492: 6462: 6432: 6402: 6375: 6348: 6315: 6279: 6248: 6217: 6176: 6145: 6104: 6072: 6045: 6034: 6001: 5968: 5957:. July 5, 2013 5940: 5913: 5883: 5858: 5835: 5804: 5773: 5756:Big Fish Games 5743: 5726:Tom's Hardware 5712: 5679: 5648: 5617: 5586: 5555: 5514: 5481: 5448: 5417: 5384: 5354: 5324: 5283: 5276: 5257: 5250: 5228: 5198: 5181: 5164:Bloomberg L.P. 5144: 5111: 5083: 5062: 5055: 5031: 5000: 4969: 4938: 4931: 4906: 4876: 4845: 4827: 4821:. p. 73. 4798: 4760: 4743: 4710: 4692: 4657: 4643: 4619: 4590: 4576: 4552: 4545: 4523: 4491: 4462: 4426: 4388: 4351: 4344: 4319: 4296: 4276: 4246: 4222: 4203: 4179: 4148: 4122: 4115: 4095: 4080:. p. 17. 4077:Ottawa Citizen 4062: 4031: 3998: 3991: 3961: 3948:(1–4): 19–40. 3925: 3888: 3857: 3827: 3816:on May 9, 2019 3797: 3767: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3747: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3729: 3726: 3684:Counter-Strike 3665: 3664: 3645: 3643: 3636: 3630: 3627: 3611: 3608: 3542: 3539: 3428: 3425: 3410: 3407: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3350:Main article: 3347: 3344: 3327:Main article: 3324: 3321: 3304:Main article: 3301: 3298: 3212:Space Invaders 3182:Main article: 3179: 3176: 3172:Asia Game Show 3138:Main article: 3135: 3132: 3130: 3127: 3085:Media Molecule 3072:british humour 3048:Main article: 3045: 3044:United Kingdom 3042: 3026:Bigpoint Games 2875:Main article: 2856: 2853: 2833: 2830: 2779:Main article: 2776: 2773: 2741:Strategy First 2705:Main article: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2662: 2661: 2658: 2653: 2649: 2648: 2645: 2640: 2636: 2635: 2632: 2627: 2623: 2622: 2619: 2617:United Kingdom 2614: 2610: 2609: 2606: 2601: 2597: 2596: 2593: 2588: 2584: 2583: 2580: 2575: 2571: 2570: 2567: 2562: 2558: 2557: 2554: 2549: 2545: 2544: 2541: 2536: 2532: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2514: 2513: 2510: 2505: 2501: 2500: 2497: 2492: 2488: 2487: 2484: 2479: 2475: 2474: 2471: 2469:United Kingdom 2466: 2462: 2461: 2458: 2453: 2449: 2448: 2445: 2440: 2436: 2435: 2432: 2427: 2423: 2422: 2419: 2414: 2410: 2409: 2406: 2401: 2397: 2396: 2393: 2388: 2384: 2383: 2374: 2371: 2361: 2358: 2343: 2340: 2334: 2331: 2313: 2312: 2292: 2290: 2273: 2270: 2238: 2235: 2218: 2215: 2210: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2188:computer games 2181:music industry 2167: 2164: 2162:transactions. 2143: 2140: 2107: 2104: 2083: 2080: 2028: 2025: 2005:US$ 43 billion 1944:and pre-built 1918:Origin Systems 1882: 1878: 1877: 1866: 1864: 1857: 1852: 1851: 1850: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1774: 1771: 1705: 1702: 1622: 1619: 1599:$ 20.8 billion 1595:$ 19.8 billion 1583:Virtua Fighter 1532: 1531: 1521: 1511: 1489: 1482: 1475: 1472:graphics cards 1427: 1424: 1393:Ocean Software 1327:$ 11.8 billion 1266: 1263: 1243:Space Invaders 1226:Space Invaders 1214:shopping malls 1205:Space Invaders 1165:Computer Space 1125: 1122: 1107:Nolan Bushnell 992: 989: 972: 971: 941: 939: 932: 926: 923: 891:level designer 879: 878: 875: 867: 860: 845: 830: 822: 819: 810: 809: 806: 803: 800: 797: 791: 764: 761: 751: 748: 746: 743: 739:music industry 723:graphics cards 698:, to a record 684:$ 11.7 billion 612: 611: 609: 608: 601: 594: 586: 583: 582: 579: 578: 573: 568: 563: 558: 557: 556: 545: 542: 541: 538: 537: 534: 533: 528: 522: 519: 518: 515: 514: 511: 510: 509: 508: 503: 491: 490: 489: 488: 487: 477: 476: 475: 465: 464: 463: 453: 447: 446: 445: 444: 443: 432: 431: 430: 425: 420: 415: 414: 413: 408: 406:Expansion pack 403: 392: 383: 382: 379: 378: 375: 374: 373: 372: 371: 366: 356: 351: 345: 344: 343: 342: 341: 339:Content rating 331: 325: 324: 323: 322: 321: 316: 311: 306: 295: 290: 289: 286: 285: 282: 281: 280: 279: 269: 267:Arcade cabinet 263: 262: 261: 260: 259: 254: 253: 252: 247: 242: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 197: 194: 193: 190: 189: 186: 185: 180: 175: 170: 169: 168: 163: 153: 152: 151: 140: 139: 138: 137: 136: 131: 126: 115: 109: 104: 103: 100: 99: 93: 92: 88: 87: 75: 74: 54:the key points 44: 42: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11724: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11700: 11698: 11695: 11693: 11690: 11689: 11687: 11671: 11670: 11661: 11659: 11658: 11649: 11647: 11646: 11637: 11636: 11632: 11616: 11613: 11611: 11608: 11606: 11605:Privatization 11603: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11578: 11577: 11576: 11573: 11569: 11566: 11564: 11561: 11559: 11556: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11546: 11544: 11541: 11539: 11536: 11535: 11534: 11531: 11527: 11524: 11522: 11519: 11517: 11514: 11512: 11509: 11507: 11504: 11502: 11499: 11497: 11494: 11493: 11492: 11489: 11488: 11486: 11484: 11480: 11474: 11471: 11469: 11466: 11462: 11459: 11457: 11454: 11452: 11449: 11448: 11446: 11444: 11441: 11437: 11434: 11432: 11429: 11427: 11424: 11422: 11419: 11418: 11417: 11414: 11412: 11409: 11405: 11402: 11400: 11397: 11395: 11392: 11390: 11387: 11385: 11382: 11381: 11380: 11379:Externalities 11377: 11376: 11374: 11372: 11367: 11363: 11355: 11352: 11350: 11347: 11345: 11342: 11341: 11340:Market-based 11339: 11335: 11332: 11330: 11327: 11325: 11322: 11320: 11317: 11315: 11314: 11313: 11308: 11306: 11303: 11302: 11300: 11299: 11297: 11295: 11289: 11285: 11278: 11274: 11258: 11255: 11254: 11253: 11250: 11248: 11245: 11243: 11240: 11239: 11237: 11233: 11227: 11224: 11222: 11219: 11215: 11212: 11210: 11207: 11206: 11205: 11202: 11200: 11197: 11195: 11192: 11191: 11189: 11187: 11183: 11175: 11172: 11170: 11167: 11165: 11162: 11160: 11157: 11156: 11155: 11152: 11148: 11145: 11143: 11140: 11138: 11135: 11134: 11133: 11130: 11126: 11123: 11121: 11118: 11116: 11113: 11112: 11111:Audio-visual 11110: 11106: 11103: 11101: 11098: 11096: 11093: 11092: 11090: 11089: 11087: 11085: 11080: 11076: 11072: 11068: 11063: 11059: 11043: 11040: 11038: 11035: 11033: 11030: 11029: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11018: 11015: 11013: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10989: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10969: 10967: 10963: 10959: 10956: 10954: 10951: 10949: 10946: 10944: 10941: 10939: 10936: 10935: 10933: 10932: 10930: 10926: 10920: 10917: 10913: 10910: 10908: 10905: 10903: 10900: 10898: 10895: 10894: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10883: 10880: 10879: 10878: 10875: 10874: 10872: 10870: 10865: 10864:Entertainment 10861: 10855: 10852: 10850: 10847: 10843: 10840: 10838: 10835: 10833: 10830: 10829: 10827: 10826: 10824: 10822: 10818: 10810: 10807: 10806: 10805: 10802: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10789: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10776: 10773: 10771: 10768: 10766: 10763: 10762: 10761: 10758: 10754: 10750: 10746: 10743: 10741: 10738: 10736: 10733: 10732: 10731: 10727: 10724: 10720: 10717: 10715: 10712: 10710: 10707: 10705: 10702: 10701: 10700: 10697: 10696: 10694: 10692: 10688: 10680: 10677: 10675: 10672: 10671: 10670: 10667: 10663: 10660: 10658: 10655: 10653: 10650: 10648: 10645: 10643: 10640: 10639: 10638: 10635: 10631: 10628: 10626: 10623: 10621: 10620:Payment cards 10618: 10616: 10613: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10592: 10591: 10588: 10587: 10585: 10583: 10579: 10573: 10570: 10566: 10563: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10555:Food delivery 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10535:Drink service 10533: 10532: 10531: 10528: 10527: 10525: 10523: 10519: 10511: 10508: 10507: 10506: 10503: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10476: 10475: 10474: 10471: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10452: 10449: 10447: 10444: 10442: 10439: 10438: 10437: 10434: 10433: 10431: 10429:& Storage 10427: 10423: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10401: 10400: 10397: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10372:Grocery store 10370: 10368: 10367:General store 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10354: 10353: 10350: 10349: 10347: 10345: 10341: 10337: 10333: 10328: 10324: 10308: 10305: 10303: 10300: 10298: 10295: 10293: 10290: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10269: 10267: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10224: 10223: 10220: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10202: 10201: 10198: 10197: 10195: 10193: 10189: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10157: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10144: 10141: 10139: 10136: 10134: 10131: 10129: 10126: 10125: 10124: 10121: 10117: 10114: 10113: 10112: 10109: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10091: 10089: 10088: 10086: 10084: 10080: 10070: 10067: 10063: 10059: 10056: 10054: 10053:Rail vehicles 10051: 10049: 10045: 10042: 10041: 10040: 10036: 10034: 10031: 10027: 10026:wind turbines 10023: 10020: 10018: 10017:Machine tools 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9999: 9998: 9995: 9994: 9992: 9990: 9986: 9980: 9977: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9964: 9963: 9960: 9956: 9953: 9952: 9951: 9948: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9934: 9931: 9930: 9929: 9926: 9922: 9919: 9917: 9914: 9912: 9908: 9907:Carbon fibers 9905: 9903: 9900: 9899: 9897: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9879: 9878: 9875: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9861: 9858: 9856: 9853: 9851: 9848: 9847: 9846: 9843: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9801: 9800: 9797: 9793: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9774: 9771: 9769: 9766: 9764: 9761: 9760: 9759: 9756: 9752: 9749: 9747: 9744: 9743: 9742: 9739: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9716: 9715: 9712: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9684: 9683: 9680: 9676: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9658: 9655: 9654: 9653: 9650: 9649: 9647: 9643: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9624:Illegal drugs 9622: 9620: 9619:Generic drugs 9617: 9615: 9611: 9609: 9606: 9604: 9601: 9600: 9599: 9596: 9594: 9591: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9568: 9565: 9563: 9560: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9537:Agrochemicals 9535: 9533: 9530: 9529: 9528: 9525: 9521: 9520:Pure elements 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9503: 9502: 9501: 9498: 9494: 9491: 9489: 9488:Synthetic oil 9486: 9484: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9454: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9444: 9441: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9425: 9424: 9420: 9419: 9417: 9415: 9411: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9382: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9369: 9368: 9365: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9350:Lens grinding 9348: 9346: 9343: 9341: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9328: 9327: 9324: 9322: 9319: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9304: 9303: 9302: 9299: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9286: 9285: 9282: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9272:Mobile phones 9270: 9269: 9268: 9265: 9261: 9260:storage media 9257: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9246: 9245: 9242: 9238: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9225: 9224: 9223: 9220: 9219: 9217: 9215:& optical 9211: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9192: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9178: 9176: 9173: 9170: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9147: 9145: 9142: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9111: 9109: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9086: 9084: 9081: 9079: 9076: 9074: 9071: 9069: 9066: 9064: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9052: 9051: 9050: 9047: 9043: 9042:Optical discs 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9029: 9027: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8999: 8998: 8995: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8957: 8956: 8953: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8931: 8929: 8926: 8924: 8921: 8919: 8916: 8914: 8911: 8909: 8906: 8905: 8904: 8901: 8897: 8894: 8891: 8888: 8886: 8885:Bottled water 8883: 8881: 8878: 8877: 8876: 8873: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8843: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8824: 8823: 8820: 8819: 8817: 8815: 8811: 8808: 8806:Manufacturing 8804: 8800: 8796: 8791: 8787: 8771: 8768: 8766: 8763: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8751: 8748: 8746: 8743: 8741: 8738: 8736: 8733: 8731: 8728: 8727: 8726: 8723: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8695: 8693: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8640: 8638: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8605: 8604: 8601: 8600: 8598: 8594: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8566:Sea cucumbers 8564: 8562: 8559: 8558: 8556: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8508: 8507: 8504: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8426: 8425: 8422: 8421: 8419: 8415: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8398: 8397: 8394: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8381: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8343: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8330: 8327: 8326: 8325: 8322: 8318: 8315: 8314: 8313: 8310: 8309: 8307: 8305: 8301: 8293: 8290: 8289: 8288: 8285: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8230:Dairy farming 8228: 8226: 8223: 8222: 8221: 8218: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8205: 8204: 8201: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8136:Apples et al. 8134: 8133: 8132: 8129: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8091: 8090: 8087: 8086: 8084: 8082: 8078: 8075: 8071: 8067: 8063: 8058: 8054: 8050: 8042: 8037: 8035: 8030: 8028: 8023: 8022: 8019: 8012: 8009: 8006: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7993: 7974: 7970: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7958: 7945: 7939: 7935: 7928: 7920: 7914: 7910: 7903: 7895: 7889: 7885: 7878: 7862: 7858: 7857: 7852: 7845: 7829: 7825: 7821: 7814: 7798: 7794: 7793: 7788: 7781: 7770: 7766: 7765: 7757: 7751: 7735: 7734:Dhaka Tribune 7731: 7725: 7717: 7713: 7707: 7691: 7687: 7683: 7682:"Market Data" 7677: 7666:September 17, 7661: 7657: 7656:The Economist 7653: 7647: 7631: 7627: 7623: 7617: 7601: 7597: 7596: 7591: 7585: 7569: 7565: 7564: 7559: 7553: 7542:September 24, 7537: 7533: 7532: 7527: 7520: 7504: 7500: 7499: 7494: 7488: 7472: 7468: 7464: 7458: 7442: 7438: 7432: 7416: 7412: 7406: 7390: 7386: 7380: 7364: 7360: 7353: 7337: 7333: 7326: 7310: 7306: 7300: 7289:September 30, 7284: 7280: 7274: 7258: 7254: 7253: 7248: 7241: 7225: 7221: 7220: 7215: 7208: 7192: 7188: 7182: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7152: 7141:September 23, 7136: 7132: 7128: 7122: 7111:September 23, 7106: 7102: 7098: 7092: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7062: 7046: 7042: 7036: 7020: 7016: 7012: 7005: 6989: 6985: 6981: 6974: 6958: 6954: 6948: 6932: 6928: 6921: 6905: 6901: 6897: 6891: 6883: 6879: 6875: 6869: 6853: 6849: 6843: 6841: 6839: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6808: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6778: 6762: 6758: 6754: 6748: 6732: 6726: 6710: 6706: 6702: 6696: 6694: 6677: 6673: 6666: 6650: 6646: 6640: 6624: 6620: 6613: 6597: 6593: 6586: 6584: 6567: 6563: 6557: 6541: 6537: 6533: 6526: 6510: 6506: 6502: 6496: 6480: 6476: 6472: 6466: 6450: 6446: 6442: 6436: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6406: 6390: 6386: 6379: 6363: 6359: 6352: 6336: 6332: 6331: 6326: 6319: 6303: 6299: 6298: 6293: 6286: 6284: 6267: 6263: 6259: 6252: 6236: 6232: 6228: 6221: 6205: 6201: 6197: 6193: 6192: 6187: 6180: 6164: 6160: 6156: 6149: 6133: 6129: 6125: 6121: 6120: 6115: 6108: 6092: 6088: 6087: 6082: 6076: 6065:September 14, 6060: 6056: 6049: 6043: 6038: 6022: 6018: 6017: 6012: 6005: 5989: 5985: 5984: 5979: 5972: 5956: 5955: 5950: 5944: 5928: 5924: 5917: 5901: 5897: 5893: 5887: 5880: 5879: 5874: 5870: 5867: 5862: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5844: 5839: 5823: 5819: 5815: 5808: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5777: 5761: 5757: 5753: 5747: 5731: 5727: 5723: 5716: 5700: 5696: 5695: 5690: 5683: 5667: 5663: 5659: 5652: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5621: 5605: 5601: 5597: 5590: 5574: 5570: 5566: 5559: 5551: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5533: 5529: 5525: 5518: 5502: 5498: 5497: 5492: 5485: 5469: 5465: 5464: 5459: 5452: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5421: 5405: 5401: 5400: 5395: 5388: 5372: 5368: 5364: 5358: 5342: 5338: 5334: 5328: 5321: 5308: 5304: 5303: 5302:Business Week 5298: 5292: 5290: 5288: 5279: 5277:9789287129048 5273: 5269: 5268: 5261: 5253: 5251:9789287129048 5247: 5243: 5242: 5235: 5233: 5216: 5212: 5208: 5202: 5194: 5193: 5185: 5169: 5166: 5165: 5159: 5151: 5149: 5132: 5128: 5127: 5122: 5115: 5107: 5103: 5102: 5097: 5093: 5087: 5079: 5078: 5073: 5066: 5058: 5056:1-932360-57-3 5052: 5048: 5044: 5043: 5035: 5019: 5015: 5011: 5004: 4988: 4984: 4980: 4973: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4942: 4934: 4928: 4924: 4920: 4913: 4911: 4894: 4890: 4886: 4880: 4873: 4860: 4856: 4849: 4842: 4830: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4805: 4803: 4795: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4773: 4764: 4757: 4746: 4744:0-671-55376-3 4740: 4736: 4732: 4727: 4726: 4720: 4719:Ellen Goodman 4714: 4707: 4695: 4693:0-465-07821-4 4689: 4685: 4681: 4676: 4675: 4666: 4664: 4662: 4646: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4631: 4623: 4616: 4604: 4600: 4594: 4579: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4564: 4556: 4548: 4546:0-415-16835-X 4542: 4538: 4534: 4527: 4511: 4507: 4506: 4501: 4495: 4488: 4476: 4472: 4466: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4441: 4436: 4430: 4423: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4392: 4381:September 18, 4376: 4372: 4368: 4367: 4362: 4355: 4347: 4345:0-415-16835-X 4341: 4337: 4333: 4326: 4324: 4316: 4303: 4299: 4293: 4289: 4288: 4280: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4250: 4242: 4241:Imagine Media 4238: 4237: 4232: 4226: 4210: 4206: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4191: 4183: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4152: 4136: 4132: 4126: 4118: 4112: 4108: 4107: 4099: 4083: 4079: 4078: 4073: 4066: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4035: 4026: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4002: 3994: 3992:0-19-555149-4 3988: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3970: 3968: 3966: 3956: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3936: 3929: 3910: 3906: 3899: 3892: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3861: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3831: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3806:"Key Numbers" 3801: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3771: 3764: 3758: 3754: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3731: 3725: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3711: 3706: 3704: 3700: 3694: 3692: 3691: 3686: 3685: 3680: 3679:modifications 3676: 3672: 3661: 3649: 3644: 3635: 3634: 3626: 3624: 3617: 3607: 3604: 3598: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3587: 3582: 3581: 3576: 3575: 3570: 3569: 3564: 3563: 3558: 3552: 3548: 3538: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3519: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3506:(Australia), 3505: 3504:EB Games Expo 3501: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3480: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3449: 3442: 3438: 3433: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3406: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3376: 3374: 3373:mobile gaming 3369: 3360: 3359:online gaming 3353: 3343: 3340: 3336: 3330: 3320: 3318: 3314: 3307: 3297: 3295: 3291: 3288:games on the 3287: 3283: 3278: 3276: 3275: 3270: 3269: 3264: 3263: 3258: 3257: 3252: 3251: 3245: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3218: 3214: 3213: 3207: 3200:, Japan, 2006 3199: 3195: 3190: 3185: 3175: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3159: 3150: 3146: 3141: 3126: 3122: 3120: 3119: 3114: 3113: 3108: 3107: 3102: 3101: 3096: 3095: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3081: 3075: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3060: 3057: 3051: 3041: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3018:Kalypso Media 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2986:Piranha Bytes 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2966: 2964: 2963: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2949: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2919:Gothic series 2916: 2912: 2908: 2907: 2902: 2898: 2893: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2878: 2870: 2866: 2861: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2829: 2827: 2821: 2819: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2801: 2792: 2787: 2782: 2775:United States 2772: 2770: 2769: 2764: 2763: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2708: 2701: 2697: 2686:North America 2679: 2675: 2673: 2669: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2637: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2624: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2611: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2598: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2586: 2585: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2572: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2559: 2555: 2553: 2552:United States 2550: 2547: 2546: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2533: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2502: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2489: 2485: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2476: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2463: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2446: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2437: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2425: 2424: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2411: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2399: 2398: 2394: 2392: 2391:United States 2389: 2386: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2368: 2365: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2349: 2348:film industry 2339: 2330: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2309: 2300: 2296: 2293:This section 2291: 2288: 2284: 2283: 2279: 2269: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2234: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2214: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2200: 2199: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2184: 2182: 2178: 2177:record labels 2174: 2163: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2139: 2135: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2091: 2089: 2079: 2077: 2071: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2059:Tower Records 2056: 2052: 2048: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2024: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2008: 2001: 1998: 1994: 1989: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1978: 1973: 1972: 1967: 1966: 1960: 1958: 1954: 1949: 1947: 1943: 1937: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1904: 1903:mobile gaming 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1874: 1873:MediaWiki.org 1870: 1865: 1856: 1855: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1821: 1820: 1815: 1814: 1809: 1808: 1802:$ 179 billion 1798: 1794: 1793:PlayStation 5 1790: 1784: 1780: 1770: 1767: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1753:mobile gaming 1750: 1746: 1745: 1740: 1739: 1734: 1733: 1728: 1727: 1722: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1701: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1682: 1677: 1676: 1671: 1667: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1648: 1644: 1636: 1632: 1631:PlayStation 2 1627: 1618: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1584: 1579: 1578: 1577:Virtua Racing 1573: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1557: 1556:Mortal Kombat 1552: 1551: 1546: 1545: 1539: 1537: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1520: 1519:mobile gaming 1516: 1512: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1487: 1483: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1469: 1468: 1463: 1459: 1458: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1437: 1432: 1423: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1344: 1342: 1338: 1337: 1332: 1323: 1319: 1310: 1306: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1276: 1271: 1262: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1238: 1230: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1206: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1178:, and 19,000 1177: 1176: 1171: 1167: 1166: 1161: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1135: 1130: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1103: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1081: 1079: 1075: 1074:Steve Russell 1071: 1070: 1063: 1061: 1056: 1054: 1051:for the 1951 1050: 1046: 1042: 1039:for the 1950 1038: 1034: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1020: 1017:and built by 1016: 1015:Edward Condon 1012: 1006: 1002: 998: 987: 983: 979: 968: 958: 954: 949: 945: 942:This section 940: 936: 931: 930: 922: 921:communities. 920: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 896: 895:game producer 892: 888: 887:game designer 884: 876: 873: 868: 865: 861: 858: 854: 850: 846: 843: 839: 835: 831: 828: 827: 826: 818: 816: 807: 804: 801: 798: 795: 792: 789: 785: 781: 777: 774: 773: 772: 770: 760: 757: 742: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 720: 716: 711: 709: 704:$ 188 billion 700:$ 191 billion 697: 693: 686:in 2008, and 680:$ 9.5 billion 672: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 630: 623: 618: 607: 602: 600: 595: 593: 588: 587: 585: 584: 577: 574: 572: 569: 567: 564: 562: 559: 555: 552: 551: 550: 547: 546: 540: 539: 532: 529: 527: 524: 523: 517: 516: 507: 504: 502: 499: 498: 496: 493: 492: 486: 483: 482: 481: 478: 474: 471: 470: 469: 466: 462: 459: 458: 457: 454: 452: 449: 448: 442: 439: 438: 437: 434: 433: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 412: 409: 407: 404: 402: 399: 398: 397: 394: 393: 390: 386: 381: 380: 370: 367: 365: 362: 361: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 346: 340: 337: 336: 335: 332: 330: 327: 326: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 301: 300: 297: 296: 293: 288: 287: 278: 275: 274: 273: 270: 268: 265: 264: 258: 255: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 237: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 207: 204: 203: 202: 199: 198: 192: 191: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 167: 164: 162: 159: 158: 157: 154: 150: 147: 146: 145: 142: 141: 135: 132: 130: 127: 125: 122: 121: 119: 116: 114: 111: 110: 107: 102: 101: 98: 95: 94: 90: 89: 85: 81: 80: 71: 61: 55: 53: 48: 43: 39: 34: 33: 30: 19: 11668: 11656: 11644: 11563:Spinning-off 11548:Homesteading 11501:Conglomerate 11483:Organization 11436:Raw material 11431:Intermediate 11310: 11309: 11132:Broadcasting 11124: 11037:Cruise lines 11007:Maid service 10997:Dry cleaning 10968:Maintenance 10726:Architecture 10691:Professional 10510:Self storage 10414:Distribution 10192:Construction 10037:Other heavy 9962:Formed metal 9916:Mineral wool 9838:Safety glass 9809:Fused quartz 9804:Borosilicate 9468:Paraffin wax 9423:oil refining 9402:Transformers 9168:Other goods 9154:Stonemasonry 9134:Glassblowing 9119:Blow molding 9078:Locksmithing 9054:Boilermaking 8603:Fossil fuels 8401:Fungiculture 8356:Gutta-percha 8346:Frankincense 8341:Tree tapping 8312:Silviculture 8292:Fur trapping 8203:Horticulture 8151:Stone fruits 8013:(Tom Sloper) 7977:. 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3614:See also: 3545:See also: 3510:(Russia), 3502:(Brazil), 3335:Bangladesh 3323:Bangladesh 2990:Radon Labs 2951:(2004) by 2923:SpellForce 2768:Tom Clancy 2753:video game 2276:See also: 2260:(US), the 2132:Infogrames 2112:Activision 2106:Breakaways 2100:developers 2096:publishers 1942:middleware 1930:Activision 1887:1977 crash 1777:See also: 1708:See also: 1641:See also: 1550:Fatal Fury 1442:See also: 1281:See also: 1251:killer app 1140:See also: 965:March 2021 864:publishing 853:middleware 834:developers 794:Publishing 788:middleware 637:quaternary 334:Censorship 292:Publishing 230:Nonviolent 201:Video game 134:Programmer 11575:Ownership 11521:Monopsony 11399:Pollution 11384:Community 11294:standards 11199:Secondary 11186:Education 11169:Streaming 10837:Hospitals 10828:Medicine 10804:Marketing 10740:Surveying 10704:Assurance 10674:Brokerage 10637:Insurance 10565:Teahouses 10550:Fast food 10441:Air cargo 10426:Transport 10409:Brokerage 10399:Wholesale 10287:Elevators 10272:Cabinetry 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4609:April 23, 4583:April 19, 4537:Routledge 4516:April 20, 4481:April 30, 4475:Executive 4336:Routledge 4308:April 11, 4259:Cleverism 4195:CRC Press 3881:August 9, 3690:Half-Life 3574:Eurogamer 3562:Gamasutra 3557:new media 3498:(Japan), 3118:Total War 3068:Amiga 500 3030:Gameforge 2974:Blue Byte 2953:Frankfurt 2897:Gütersloh 2745:Vancouver 2668:East Asia 2350:in 2023. 2306:June 2018 2223:shareware 2082:Practices 2012:recession 1914:royalties 1846:Economics 1813:Fall Guys 1744:Minecraft 1569:real-time 1565:pseudo-3D 1364:NEC PC-88 1322:Hollywood 1318:pop music 1247:Atari VCS 1102:Periscope 1069:Spacewar! 957:talk page 915:hobbyists 838:designers 780:designers 708:recession 682:in 2007, 649:marketing 506:Advergame 277:Accessory 118:Developer 52:summarize 11645:Category 11516:Monopoly 11468:Services 11247:Language 11242:Creative 11226:Tutoring 11204:Tertiary 11174:Websites 11154:Internet 11105:Software 11091:Written 11012:Pet care 10972:Janitors 10962:security 10953:Staffing 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124:Designer 113:Producer 11669:Outline 11657:Commons 11411:Funding 11394:Culture 11371:outputs 11281:Related 11221:Testing 11194:Primary 11159:Hosting 11042:Tourism 11028:Travel 11024:Poverty 11002:Funeral 10984:Repairs 10948:Renting 10943:Leasing 10897:Arcades 10893:Venues 10869:leisure 10842:Nursing 10775:Product 10765:Fashion 10749:product 10595:Banking 10404:Auction 10262:Harbors 10242:Tunnels 10227:Bridges 10133:Dumping 10069:Weapons 9887:Plaster 9778:Pellets 9666:Tanning 9652:Leather 9483:Propane 9428:Bitumen 9331:Cameras 9171:Baggage 9144:Pottery 9124:Drawing 9068:Cutlery 8933:Carpets 8928:Weaving 8908:Carding 8837:Canning 8765:Granite 8688:Uranium 8678:Lithium 8551:Seaweed 8536:Oysters 8531:Mussels 8526:Abalone 8521:Tilapia 8516:Catfish 8499:Whaling 8454:Pollock 8449:Haddock 8434:Herring 8424:Fishing 8417:Aquatic 8324:Logging 8287:Hunting 8275:Shellac 8260:Poultry 8208:Flowers 8141:Berries 8124:Tobacco 8099:Legumes 8094:Cereals 7968:Polygon 7740:May 27, 7477:June 3, 7081:June 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CNN. 4778:GameSpy 4772:Pac-Man 4455:June 6, 4215:May 21, 4141:June 5, 3648:updated 3580:Polygon 3477:X shows 3473:Nvision 3457:Cologne 3441:Cologne 3395:Nigeria 3317:esports 3274:Pokémon 3268:Metroid 3167:esports 3162:NetEase 3158:Tencent 3149:Tencent 2970:Ascaron 2955:-based 2948:Far Cry 2935:Egosoft 2899:-based 2890:Cologne 2882:Germany 2869:Cologne 2855:Germany 2749:cluster 2733:BioWare 2717:Ubisoft 2591:Germany 2443:Germany 2250:Cologne 2192:console 2186:In the 1871:and on 1766:eSports 1749:dollars 1690:Android 1633:is the 1495:-based 1341:Pac-Man 1336:Pac-Man 925:History 919:modding 842:artists 784:artists 631:is the 520:Related 501:in-game 299:Markets 272:Console 245:Edugame 235:Serious 183:Testing 11496:Cartel 11369:& 11366:Inputs 11305:ANZSIC 11082:& 10992:Beauty 10960:& 10882:Online 10867:& 10760:Design 10728:& 10642:Health 10600:Credit 10572:Hotels 10352:Retail 10247:Canals 10170:Mobile 10116:Sewage 10090:Power 10060:& 10046:& 10024:& 9972:Forged 9967:Rolled 9950:Alloys 9943:Copper 9909:& 9882:Mortar 9877:Cement 9831:& 9790:& 9741:Rubber 9734:Tissue 9719:Sizing 9702:Lumber 9687:Drying 9675:oiling 9673:& 9659:& 9657:Liming 9569:& 9567:Paints 9383:cables 9379:& 9338:& 9258:Blank 9087:Other 9061:& 9017:Secure 8980:Sewing 8943:Linens 8918:Prints 8913:Dyeing 8889:Liquor 8863:Sweets 8832:Baking 8770:Marble 8750:Gypsum 8730:Gravel 8718:Sulfur 8708:Potash 8663:Silver 8648:Copper 8581:Shrimp 8576:Salmon 8541:Pearls 8366:Mastic 8336:Rattan 8317:Bamboo 8240:Horses 8196:Spices 8186:Olives 8171:Coffee 8146:Citrus 8073:Biotic 8047:Major 7940: 7915: 7890: 7686:Capcom 7626:Kotaku 6817:Newzoo 6787:Newzoo 6566:Forbes 6198: 6126: 5896:Forbes 5878:Kotaku 5818:Forbes 5787:Kotaku 5548: 5274: 5248: 5053: 4929: 4825: 4741: 4690: 4641: 4574: 4543: 4342: 4294: 4201: 4113: 3989: 3629:Trends 3595:Twitch 3397:, and 3384:Africa 3379:Others 3366:6,200 3294:mobile 3242:Capcom 3240:, and 3115:, and 3010:Plaion 2978:Deck13 2962:Crysis 2957:Crytek 2848:, and 2832:Europe 2691:Canada 2656:Canada 2604:France 2565:Brazil 2508:Brazil 2482:Canada 2456:France 2266:others 2264:, and 2160:hacked 2142:Piracy 2061:, and 2027:Retail 1977:Halo 3 1926:Capcom 1897:, the 1889:, the 1816:, and 1741:, and 1659:, and 1509:Mac OS 1450:, and 1297:, and 1220:, and 1186:, the 1152:, and 1045:Nimrod 1043:, and 984:, and 955:. 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