294:, he accompanied the 3,500-man column of Jacob Job Élie on the far right flank of the army. In the middle of the night, the outposts were attacked by the Austrians and the untried foot soldiers took to their heels. Élie managed to rally his men but Johann Andreas Benjowski's Austrians launched an assault in a heavy fog at dawn. The second line panicked and fired into the backs of the first line, whereupon the infantry bolted again, throwing away their muskets in order to run faster. They might have been butchered but for Loison who led the cavalry to the rescue and fought off the pursuit. French losses were 400 soldiers and 12 artillery pieces while the Austrians lost 138 men in the clash.
483:'s brigade to seize the span, which was quickly accomplished. An Austrian attempt to drive back the French with two battalions and four guns failed. After the engineers repaired the bridge, three French battalions from Loison's division rushed across and hurled themselves at Riesch's defenses, supported by ten guns. The 6th Light Infantry Regiment captured the abbey and Ober-Elchingen, but the 1st Battalion of the 39th Line Infantry Regiment was defeated by Austrian cavalry. The French light cavalry entered the fray, charging the enemy cavalry and infantry, and allowing Loison to bring up his second brigade, which was led by François Roguet.
594:
679:
the town at a number of places. In the butchery that followed, at least 2,000 Portuguese and
Spanish fell, including many townspeople. French losses were 90 killed and 200 wounded. After the killing stopped, the French soldiers thoroughly sacked Évora. According to one account, the French massacred the town's entire population. Whatever the exact truth, the atrocity made it easier for the proud Portuguese to accept British aid in their struggle. Loison continued east to drive the Portuguese away from Elvas before being ordered back to Lisbon to face a new threat.
789:
33:
441:
873:
726:
310:
841:
487:
893:, and Ferey. On 3 May Ferey battered at the village of Fuentes de Onoro in vain. After a day's pause in the action, Masséna ordered Ferey to attack the village again on the 5th, supported by IX Corps. Meanwhile, Loison's other two divisions, the bulk of the French cavalry, and a third infantry division attempted an envelopment of the Anglo-Portuguese right flank. After some tough fighting, the French attacks were stopped. Soon after the battle Marshal
90:
804:, but without a siege train, his troops had to blockade the place. Junot finally appeared with the VIII Corps and secured the heavy artillery needed to breach the walls. The siege lasted from 21 March to 22 April, when Colonel José María Santocildes surrendered 2,500 troops. The Spanish garrison suffered 51 killed and 109 wounded while inflicting 160 killed and 400 wounded on the French. Junot's two divisions were led by
621:, chasing off the small Spanish garrison of Fort Conception. But on 12 June 1808 he found Ciudad Rodrigo held by a powerful force and the Spanish countryside in revolt against the French. He quickly fell back on Almeida, reaching there on the 15th. Hearing that the revolt had spread to northern Portugal, he set out for
785:, forcing Soult to withdraw toward Amarante. When the French marshal found that he was trapped, he destroyed his vehicles and struck out across the mountains. By great exertions, he joined with Loison's force and managed to get away into Spain, but not before losing 4,000 men, his artillery, and all his equipment.
880:
According to Jean
Jacques Pelet, one of Masséna's staff officers, Loison was an intriguer. On at least one occasion Loison expressed his dissatisfaction with Ney, while another time the marshal unfairly blamed Loison for exposing his artillery to capture. On 22 March, when the army had nearly reached
636:
claimed that only one of twenty messages got through. Culling from his ranks all the troops unfit to march, he made up a garrison of 1,200 men to hold
Almeida. Leaving the garrison behind, he put the rest of his men on the road on 4 July. He successfully fought his way through partisan ambushes for a
860:
included the 2nd
Battalion of the 32nd Light Infantry Regiment, the 4th, 5th, and 6th Battalions of the 66th Line Infantry Regiment, and the 4th and 6th Battalions of the 82nd Line Infantry Regiment. During Marshal Masséna's third invasion of Portugal, Loison's division led the unsuccessful VI Corps
749:
valley. Loison attacked, but after the
Portuguese fended him off, he demanded reinforcements. Soult soon sent him 9,000 troops from his small army of 21,000. Historian David Gates stated that Loison was "lacking in initiative and unsuited for independent command". Finally on 2 May 1809, covered by a
661:
with more than 7,000 troops. His command included two grenadier battalions, the 3rd
Battalions of the 12th and 15th Light and the 58th Line Infantry Regiments, the 1st Hanoverian Legion, 12 companies of the 86th Line, the 4th and 5th Provisional Dragoons, and eight artillery pieces. On 29 July 1808,
831:
on 24 July 1810. The French foot soldiers, with help from the 3rd Hussar
Regiment, quickly crumpled Craufurd's left flank. Part of the Light Division stampeded, but the troops quickly rallied and the division barely managed to escape across the lone bridge. Ney then tried to storm the span, but the
678:
In the face of Loison's first assault, Leite's and
Moretti's men took to their heels. The Spanish hussars bolted without even attempting to stop the French charge. Leite fled, but most of his men ran back to the town and tried to defend the place. The French troops were able to fight their way into
717:
to envelop the
British left flank. After reconsidering, Junot detached Solignac's men from Loison and also sent them against the British left, without bothering to inform Brenier. The French attacks were defeated one after another. Junot even committed his grenadier reserve and saw it repulsed as
494:
Loison's 69th Line
Infantry Regiment attacked the Austrian right flank, driving the Austrians back into the woods and seizing some cannons. Meanwhile, the 76th Line Infantry and 18th Dragoon Regiments crushed an Austrian square and captured two guns. Riesch threw all his remaining cavalry into a
865:. His troops battled their way forward against a heavy Allied skirmish line and the fire of 12 artillery pieces. But when Loison's columns neared the crest of Bussaco Ridge, they were ambushed by the Light Division and chased off the heights with heavy losses. After being held up at the
670:
Hussar Regiment. Altogether, Leite controlled 2,900 soldiers and seven guns. Leite and Moretti unwisely drew up their outnumbered troops in the open in front of the town. Behind them, townsmen and country people armed with pikes and hunting guns manned the crumbling old walls of
666:. General Francisco de Paula Leite de Sousa's Portuguese troops included one and one-half battalions of raw regular infantry and one squadron cavalry. Leite was joined by Colonel Moretti Spanish troops, one-half battalions of regular foot soldiers and the
337:
dispersed them with his cannon, Loison supported his colleague. After the revolt was put down, he served on the court convened to try the rebel leaders. He was unemployed for a few years then re-entered military service in January 1799. Serving under
297:
French historian Charles Mullié noted that while Loison was a talented soldier who exhibited extreme bravery, he also had a dark side. Mullié suggested that Loison was an avid plunderer. Notorious for the sacking and destruction of the
913:. Camping on the ground when the night-time temperature dropped to minus 35 degrees Celsius proved catastrophic for his untried soldiers. Within a few days, his division of 15.000 soldiers was wiped out of existence without a battle.
649:
in March 1809. The day before the battle Foy was captured by a Portuguese outpost and led into the city. Believing he was the reviled Loison, the mob was about to murder their prisoner when Foy held up both hands, proving he was not
836:
lasted from 25 July to 27 August. On the latter day, a lucky hit blew up the main powder magazine, killing 600 Portuguese troops and wounding 300 more. The 4,000 surviving members of the garrison quickly surrendered.
766:'s 4th Dragoon Division, four squadrons each of the 13th, 15th, 22nd, and 25th Dragoon Regiments. The French reported only two killed and seven wounded. However, Silveira had stalled Loison's force since 18 April.
564:
because he knew its ruler was hostile to France. Mortier advanced from the south with Loison's three French light infantry regiments which numbered 5,500 men. On 1 November 1806, the French seized the city of
246:, Loison briefly enlisted in a colonial battalion on 29 June 1787. However, he left the unit in September and when he returned on 25 January 1788, he was immediately granted leave. After the outbreak of the
900:
In 1812, Loison was sent with a reserve division of 10,000 newly drafted German and Italian boys to help extricate the remnants of the Grand Army in its retreat from Russia. Either the governor of Vilnius
581:. During the siege he commanded the 1st Battalion of the 3rd Light Infantry Regiment, five battalions divided between the 19th, 72nd, and 93rd Line Infantry Regiments, eight squadrons of the 3rd and 15th
2030:
628:
In view of the situation, Junot decided to abandon the north and south of the country and concentrate his army in central Portugal. He ordered Loison to leave a garrison in Almeida and march to
920:
in 1813. But Napoleon arrested him for not marching with his division to the front. After this severe reprimand, his military career was over except for a short-term assignment under Marshal
762:, lost 1,600 casualties plus ten guns and five colors. Loison's force included Delaborde's division, three battalions each of the 17th Light, 70th Line, and 86th Line Infantry Regiments, and
183:
crush a revolt against the government. After a hiatus, he returned in 1799 to fight in Switzerland where he earned another promotion. In 1800 he commanded a division under Napoleon in the
1781:
758:). Loison sent a brigade charging across the span and Silveira's troops were routed. The Portuguese force, which consisted of two battalions of the 12th Line Infantry Regiment and
849:
306:
and other acts, Loison was arrested by agents of the government. However, he escaped trial when one of the commissioners allowed him to return to military service.
479:
River, overlooking a partially destroyed bridge. At 8:00 AM, Ney sent Loison's division into the attack from the south bank. Loison ordered the elite companies of
206:
including all three invasions of Portugal, though not always with distinction. In Portugal he earned a bad name for his harshness and the inhabitants called him
1787:
609:. After first Spain and then Portugal rose in revolt, the position of Junot's 26,000 French troops became difficult. Ordered by Napoleon to send troops to
385:
on 29 May. The defeat was avenged by Lecourbe and Loison two days later at Wasen. After two months of inaction, Loison again led his command in actions at
2040:
856:, the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the Hanoverian Legion, and the 5th, 6th, and 7th Battalions of the 26th Line Infantry Regiment. The 2nd Brigade led by
808:
and Solignac. The surrender occurred one day after the 47th and Irish Line Infantry Regiments of Solignac's division effected a lodgement in the town.
2025:
641:
resisted, the place was sacked and partly burned down. His troops left such a path of destruction that Loison became feared and hated in Portugal as
777:
and retreated back to Amarante, arriving there on 12 May. Taking counsel of his fears, Loison abandoned a very strong position and fell back toward
444:
Battle of Elchingen from an engraving by Johann Lorenz Rugendas (1775–1826). French infantry storm the abbey while dragoons chase fleeing Austrians.
881:
a safe position, Ney flatly refused to obey Masséna's orders and was dismissed. Command of the VI Corps passed to Loison, who led the corps at the
698:
2035:
537:
On 5 February 1806 while resting at Venetian estates Loison was involved in a hunting accident, which resulted in his left arm being amputated
970:
According to Mullié, Loison was censured by Napoleon after the 1812 Vilnius incident. Chandler stated that the censure came in 1813 at Wesel.
2045:
1780:
510:
from crossing from Italy to the Danube valley. Accordingly, Ney attempted to fight his way through the mountain passes on 4 November. At
1285:
Smith (1998), 252. Smith also listed the Fusilier Grenadiers and Fusilier Chasseurs of the Imperial Guard, but placed them under Savary.
769:
After his belated victory, Loison heard about enemy movements to his south and decided to investigate. He bumped into an 11,000-strong
499:
after sustaining losses of 6,000 men killed, wounded, or captured. The French casualties totalled 54 officers and 800 rank and file.
227:
714:
897:
replaced Masséna and did away with the corps organization, leaving Junot, Marchand, Mermet, and other generals without employment.
702:
682:
2015:
251:
1877:
1041:
742:
1811:
902:
689:
near the end of July and pressed south. On 21 August 1808, Junot attacked Wellesley's numerically superior army in the
514:
the Austrian defenders repelled the French with 800 casualties. However, Loison's 69th Line redeemed the situation at
1986:
1960:
1937:
1915:
1896:
1855:
1833:
1769:
1750:
1728:
1709:
1670:
507:
755:
827:
at his back. Seizing his chance, Ney hurled Loison's division at the British and Portuguese light infantry in the
812:
1786:
890:
882:
1236:
848:
On 15 September, Loison's 3rd Division counted 239 officers and 6,587 rank and file. The 1st Brigade under
832:
attack failed with heavy losses. The Allies reported 308 casualties, while French losses numbered 531. The
495:
grand charge, but it was repulsed by Roguet's brigade. The remnants of Riesch's wrecked corps fled back to
549:
924:. Unemployed after January 1815, he retired in November of the same year. On 30 December 1816 he died at
815:
from 26 April through 9 July. When the VI Corps advanced into Portugal after its victory, it encountered
763:
606:
569:
without resistance and were soon joined by Louis' troops. Leaving Louis' Dutch division to undertake the
541:
413:
222:
he assembled a reserve division, which was later destroyed by the extreme cold weather. He served in the
199:
706:
633:
625:
with 2,000 men. On his way there he was severely harassed by Portuguese guerillas and had to turn back.
1738:
796:
In January 1810, Loison led the enormous 3rd Division numbering 12,250 men in 19 battalions in Marshal
283:
223:
614:
527:
480:
453:
404:
In 1800, Loison was posted to the Army of the Reserve to command a 5,300-man division and crossed the
215:
869:
all winter the French were compelled to retreat in March 1811 and Ney's corps formed the rear guard.
417:
279:
219:
176:
132:
663:
2020:
378:
303:
226:
before a harsh rebuke from the emperor effectively ended his military career. Loison is one of the
857:
701:'s brigade, a total of 4,140 bayonets. The French commander planned to hurl Loison's division and
833:
578:
518:, capturing 600 of their enemies and outflanking the position at Scharnitz. The VI Corps reached
503:
465:
322:
1681:
781:. This represented a major strategic blunder, because on 12 May Wellesley defeated Soult at the
617:, Junot sent Loison with a brigade on this mission. Loison occupied Almeida and marched against
866:
782:
774:
694:
645:
or One-Hand. That Loison was missing one hand is shown by an incident that occurred before the
449:
146:
1843:
886:
770:
646:
405:
167:; 16 May 1771 – 30 December 1816) briefly joined the French Army in 1787 and after the
885:
on 3 to 5 May 1811. During the battle he supervised 17,406 troops in three divisions led by
582:
2010:
2005:
1865:
1029:
921:
738:
719:
472:
with a force numbering 8,000 soldiers, including 14 battalions, 11 squadrons, and 12 guns.
362:
291:
828:
179:. He got into difficulties because of his fondness for plundering. In late 1795 he helped
8:
722:, the French agreed to evacuate Portugal if the British transported them back to France.
561:
461:
398:
122:
94:
377:
on 2 May. In independent command of his brigade, he received a drubbing at the hands of
751:
602:
557:
358:
339:
334:
318:
243:
180:
32:
545:
171:
became a junior officer. Blessed with military talent and courage, he rapidly rose to
1982:
1975:
1956:
1948:
1933:
1911:
1892:
1873:
1851:
1829:
1807:
1765:
1746:
1724:
1705:
1697:
1666:
1037:
862:
820:
737:'s second invasion of Portugal, Loison was detached to the east to make contact with
690:
610:
421:
247:
184:
168:
330:
805:
788:
638:
326:
263:
1789:
Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850
937:
894:
816:
686:
570:
553:
523:
343:
255:
172:
163:
136:
746:
191:
801:
618:
534:, Ney's position dissuaded Archduke Charles from attempting to push northward.
290:) for bravery. This appointment was later confirmed. On 16 October 1793 at the
267:
203:
840:
1999:
1970:
906:
741:'s command in the west of Spain. He soon encountered 10,000 Portuguese under
734:
725:
593:
394:
1821:
1799:
1762:
The French Campaign in Portugal 1810-1811: An Account by Jean Jacques Pelet
440:
309:
195:
872:
824:
1925:
910:
299:
797:
457:
346:, Loison commanded a brigade in numerous small actions in Switzerland.
239:
211:
55:
519:
511:
469:
409:
350:
1682:"Generals Who Served in the French Army during the Period 1789-1815"
1237:"Comte Louis-Henri Loison: General Divisionnaire 1771-1816 - Empire"
662:
Loison and his small army crushed a Portuguese-Spanish force in the
2031:
French Republican military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars
1870:
The Armies of the First French Republic: Volume I The Armée du Nord
1034:
The Armies of the First French Republic: Volume I The Armée du Nord
515:
452:
on 14 June 1804. During the Ulm campaign in 1805, he served in the
929:
672:
925:
759:
710:
574:
429:
390:
382:
370:
366:
287:
271:
76:
629:
622:
566:
531:
486:
476:
386:
381:'s numerically superior Austrian division at the valley called
89:
917:
778:
658:
425:
374:
823:. Unwisely, Craufurd decided to resist the French with the
811:
Under Ney's command, Loison participated in the successful
475:
The Austrians deployed on a ridge on the north bank of the
412:
on 25 May 1800. Quickly recovering, he led his division in
354:
961:
The sources do not state when or how Loison lost one hand.
506:, Emperor Napoleon directed the VI Corps south to prevent
408:
with Napoleon. He was wounded leading a failed assault on
1947:
Young, Peter (1987). "Ney: The Bravest of the Brave". In
585:, one Dragoon squadron, and two companies of Gensdarmes.
496:
819:'s Light Division near the small Portuguese fortress of
713:
village while sending Delaborde's second brigade under
286:
promoted him to adjutant general (a rank equivalent to
1891:(in French). Tallandier, Bibliothèque Napoléonienne.
1864:
1036:. USA: Pickle Partners Publishing. pp. 256–257.
1028:
750:
heavy fog, French sappers crept across the bridge at
1485:
Smith (1998), 341–342. Smith did not mention Loison.
552:. Napoleon planned for Mortier and his brother King
325:. When royalist sympathizers tried to overthrow the
262:
Volunteer Battalion on 15 September 1791 and became
800:'s VI Corps. He was ordered to capture the town of
1974:
1764:. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
1721:The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War
1696:
1665:. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Pen & Sword.
577:. In 1807 Loison participated in the unsuccessful
544:, Loison assumed command of a division in Marshal
1842:
693:. Loison's division included three battalions of
397:on 23–27 September. His temporary appointment as
1997:
242:, France in what later became the department of
1737:
1302:
1300:
1969:
657:On 25 July 1808, Junot sent Loison to relieve
210:or One-Hand. For a brief period, he commanded
1820:
1798:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
916:Loison was assigned to guard the fortress of
754:and cut the fuses on the demolition charges (
317:On 26 August 1795 he was elevated in rank to
266:in 1792. Several months later, he emerged as
190:In 1805, Loison led a division in Napoleon's
1924:
1794:(in French). Paris: Poignavant et Compagnie.
1297:
1212:
1210:
202:in 1806 and 1807. He saw much action in the
1472:
1470:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1024:
1022:
909:stupidly ordered him to defend the road to
1828:. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole.
1806:. La Vergne, Tenn.: Kessinger Publishing.
1352:
1350:
1348:
1003:
31:
2041:Names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe
1826:A History of the Peninsular War Volume II
1207:
432:, while pursuing the Austrians eastward.
228:names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe
2026:French commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
1804:A History of the Peninsular War Volume I
1467:
1175:
1059:
1019:
993:
991:
989:
987:
871:
839:
787:
724:
592:
573:, Mortier went on to occupy the city of
485:
439:
308:
1910:. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers.
1908:Napoleon's Italian Campaigns: 1805-1815
1905:
1886:
1759:
1345:
250:, his father served as a Deputy in the
2036:Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour
1998:
1889:Dictionnaire des batailles de Napoléon
1778:
1660:
1234:
852:consisted of the 1st Battalion of the
502:After destroying the Austrian army of
1946:
1718:
1679:
984:
613:and open communications with Marshal
448:Loison became a Grand Officer of the
162:
424:because his men were busy capturing
1977:Moscow 1812: Napoleon's Fatal March
1872:. USA: Pickle Partners Publishing.
1848:Napoleon's Conquest of Prussia 1806
1782:"Loison (Louis-Henri, comte)"
703:Jean Guillaume Barthélemy Thomières
13:
14:
2057:
2046:Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
1702:Dictionary of the Napoleonic Wars
936:is inscribed on Column 35 of the
697:'s brigade and two battalions of
1850:. London: Lionel Leventhal Ltd.
1760:Horward, Donald D., ed. (1973).
756:Battle of the Bridge of Amarante
88:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1614:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1569:
1560:
1551:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1488:
1479:
1458:
1449:
1440:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1404:
1395:
1386:
1377:
1368:
1359:
1336:
1327:
1318:
1309:
1288:
1279:
1270:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1228:
1219:
1198:
1189:
1166:
1157:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1121:
1112:
964:
955:
601:Loison commanded a division in
588:
560:to wipe out the small state of
435:
401:was confirmed in October 1799.
2016:People from Meuse (department)
1906:Schneid, Frederick C. (2002).
1103:
1094:
1085:
1076:
1050:
685:landed with a British army at
1:
1930:The Napoleonic Wars Data Book
1654:
1195:Young-Chandler (1987), 376377
891:Julien Augustin Joseph Mermet
233:
1743:The Peninsular War 1807-1814
637:week and lost 200 men. When
607:Invasion of Portugal in 1807
7:
1955:. New York, NY: Macmillan.
1704:. New York, NY: Macmillan.
764:Jean Thomas Guillaume Lorge
542:War of the Fourth Coalition
414:Guillaume Philibert Duhesme
200:War of the Fourth Coalition
10:
2062:
1204:Young-Chandler (1987), 377
883:Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro
420:'s command. He missed the
224:War of the Sixth Coalition
16:French general (1771-1816)
1663:Marengo & Hohenlinden
1661:Arnold, James R. (2005).
418:Josef Philipp Vukassovich
416:'s corps in driving back
393:on 15–16 August, and the
280:Representative-on-mission
220:French invasion of Russia
177:French Revolutionary Wars
142:
133:French Revolutionary Wars
128:
118:
110:
100:
83:
62:
42:
30:
23:
1779:Mullié, Charles (1852).
1647:Zamoyski (2004), 504-505
943:
932:in present-day Belgium.
718:well. In the subsequent
715:Antoine François Brenier
707:Henri François Delaborde
634:Maximilien Sébastien Foy
522:on 7 May. Together with
379:Franz Xaver Saint-Julien
304:Grand Duchy of Luxemburg
1887:Pigeard, Alain (2004).
1602:Horward (1973), 493-494
1539:Horward (1973), 519-520
1356:Oman (2010), I, 218-219
1324:Oman (2010), I, 215-216
1315:Oman (2010), I, 212–213
813:Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo
615:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
504:Karl Mack von Leiberich
481:Eugène-Casimir Villatte
466:Johann Sigismund Riesch
323:Army of Rhin-et-Moselle
238:Born on 16 May 1771 in
164:[lwiɑ̃ʁilwazɔ̃]
1557:Glover (2001), 138-139
877:
867:Lines of Torres Vedras
850:Édouard François Simon
845:
793:
783:Second Battle of Porto
775:William Carr Beresford
730:
695:Jean-Baptiste Solignac
598:
491:
445:
314:
1932:. London: Greenhill.
1866:Phipps, Ramsay Weston
1719:Gates, David (2002).
1629:Gates (2002), 267–269
1566:Gates (2002), 236-239
1512:Gates (2002), 227–229
1503:Smith (1998), 343–344
1455:Gates (2002), 154–155
1437:Smith (1998), 298-299
1428:Gates (2002), 142-143
1276:Petre (1993), 298–299
1258:Petre (1993), 293–294
1145:Smith (1998), 162-163
1056:Phipps (2011), p. 262
1030:Phipps, Ramsay Weston
887:Jean Gabriel Marchand
876:Marshal André Masséna
875:
858:Claude François Ferey
843:
791:
729:Marshal Nicolas Soult
728:
647:First Battle of Porto
596:
489:
443:
406:Great St Bernard Pass
333:(5 October 1795) and
312:
160:French pronunciation:
111:Years of service
79:, present-day Belgium
1410:Glover (2001), 65–66
1383:Glover (2001), 59-61
1374:Chandler (1979), 143
1333:Oman (1995), II, 243
1016:Chandler (1979), 253
922:Louis-Nicolas Davout
739:Pierre Belon Lapisse
720:Convention of Sintra
365:on 14 and 17 March,
349:He led a brigade at
313:Ruins of Orval Abbey
292:Battle of Wattignies
252:Constituent Assembly
1953:Napoleon's Marshals
1745:. London: Penguin.
1723:. London: Pimlico.
1593:Horward (1973), 454
1584:Horward (1973), 115
1575:Horward (1973), 484
1306:Gates (2002), 82–83
1249:Pigeard (2004), 369
1235:Jeanpierre, Henri.
464:. Austrian general
462:Battle of Elchingen
399:general of division
278:. In May 1793, the
254:. He was appointed
123:General of Division
1949:Chandler, David G.
1698:Chandler, David G.
1611:Glover (2001), 390
1294:Glover (2001), 388
1216:Schneid (2002), 42
1172:Arnold (2005), 128
1070:Broughton (2007),
903:Dirk van Hogendorp
878:
846:
794:
743:Francisco Silveira
731:
603:Jean-Andoche Junot
599:
597:Jean-Andoche Junot
583:Chasseurs à Cheval
492:
490:Marshal Michel Ney
446:
335:Napoleon Bonaparte
319:general of brigade
315:
198:and served in the
181:Napoleon Bonaparte
156:Louis Henri Loison
37:Louis Henri Loison
25:Louis Henri Loison
1879:978-1-908692-24-5
1844:Petre, F. Loraine
1684:. Napoleon Series
1680:Broughton, Tony.
1638:Gates (2002), 270
1620:Gates (2002), 503
1548:Gates (2002), 235
1530:Smith (1998), 345
1521:Smith (1998), 344
1494:Smith (1998), 342
1476:Gates (2002), 224
1464:Gates (2002), 495
1446:Gates (2002), 152
1419:Glover (2001), 69
1365:Smith (1998), 264
1267:Petre (1993), 297
1225:Smith (1998), 211
1186:Smith (1998), 204
1163:Smith (1998), 168
1154:Smith (1998), 164
1136:Smith (1998), 157
1127:Smith (1998), 154
1118:Smith (1998), 153
1109:Smith (1998), 148
1100:Smith (1998), 147
1091:Smith (1998), 146
1082:Smith (1998), 145
1043:978-1-908692-24-5
863:Battle of Bussaco
844:Battle of Bussaco
829:Battle of the Côa
691:Battle of Vimeiro
611:Almeida, Portugal
422:Battle of Marengo
373:on 30 April, and
353:on 6 March 1799,
284:Army of the North
248:French Revolution
169:French Revolution
153:
152:
2053:
1992:
1980:
1966:
1943:
1921:
1902:
1883:
1861:
1839:
1817:
1795:
1793:
1784:
1775:
1756:
1734:
1715:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1676:
1648:
1645:
1639:
1636:
1630:
1627:
1621:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1576:
1573:
1567:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1549:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1504:
1501:
1495:
1492:
1486:
1483:
1477:
1474:
1465:
1462:
1456:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1429:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1411:
1408:
1402:
1401:Gates (2002), 88
1399:
1393:
1392:Gates (2002), 89
1390:
1384:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1343:
1342:Oman (2010), 217
1340:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1316:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1295:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1277:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1205:
1202:
1196:
1193:
1187:
1184:
1173:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1137:
1134:
1128:
1125:
1119:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1083:
1080:
1074:
1068:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1026:
1017:
1014:
1001:
995:
971:
968:
962:
959:
834:Siege of Almeida
806:Bertrand Clausel
792:José Santocildes
771:Anglo-Portuguese
683:Arthur Wellesley
654:and was spared.
579:Siege of Kolberg
508:Archduke Charles
450:Légion d'honneur
391:Silenen (Amsteg)
185:Marengo campaign
175:rank during the
166:
161:
147:Légion d'Honneur
102:
93:
92:
73:
71:
66:30 December 1816
53:
51:
35:
21:
20:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2021:French generals
1996:
1995:
1989:
1963:
1940:
1918:
1899:
1880:
1858:
1836:
1814:
1772:
1753:
1739:Glover, Michael
1731:
1712:
1687:
1685:
1673:
1657:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1069:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1044:
1027:
1020:
1015:
1004:
997:Mullié (1852),
996:
985:
975:
974:
969:
965:
960:
956:
946:
938:Arc de Triomphe
895:Auguste Marmont
817:Robert Craufurd
733:During Marshal
709:'s division at
687:Figueira da Foz
664:Battle of Évora
591:
571:Siege of Hameln
554:Louis Bonaparte
546:Édouard Mortier
524:Auguste Marmont
438:
344:Claude Lecourbe
256:sous-lieutenant
236:
173:general officer
159:
149:, Grand Officer
137:Napoleonic Wars
135:
87:
75:
69:
67:
54:
49:
47:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2059:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1971:Zamoyski, Adam
1967:
1961:
1944:
1938:
1922:
1916:
1903:
1897:
1884:
1878:
1862:
1856:
1840:
1834:
1818:
1813:978-1432636821
1812:
1796:
1776:
1770:
1757:
1751:
1735:
1729:
1716:
1710:
1694:
1677:
1671:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1640:
1631:
1622:
1613:
1604:
1595:
1586:
1577:
1568:
1559:
1550:
1541:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1505:
1496:
1487:
1478:
1466:
1457:
1448:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1412:
1403:
1394:
1385:
1376:
1367:
1358:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1296:
1287:
1278:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1227:
1218:
1206:
1197:
1188:
1174:
1165:
1156:
1147:
1138:
1129:
1120:
1111:
1102:
1093:
1084:
1075:
1058:
1049:
1042:
1018:
1002:
982:
981:
980:
979:
973:
972:
963:
953:
952:
951:
950:
945:
942:
861:attack at the
854:Legion du Midi
699:Hugues Charlot
619:Ciudad Rodrigo
590:
587:
456:under Marshal
437:
434:
389:on 14 August,
331:13 Vendémiaire
276:Légion du Nord
235:
232:
204:Peninsular War
151:
150:
144:
140:
139:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
112:
108:
107:
104:
98:
97:
85:
81:
80:
74:(aged 45)
64:
60:
59:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2058:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1990:
1988:0-06-108686-X
1984:
1979:
1978:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1962:0-02-905930-5
1958:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1939:1-85367-276-9
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1917:0-275-96875-8
1913:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1898:2-84734-073-4
1894:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1857:1-85367-145-2
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1835:1-85367-215-7
1831:
1827:
1823:
1822:Oman, Charles
1819:
1815:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1800:Oman, Charles
1797:
1792:
1790:
1783:
1777:
1773:
1771:0-8166-0658-7
1767:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1752:0-141-39041-7
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1730:0-7126-9730-6
1726:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1711:0-02-523670-9
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1683:
1678:
1674:
1672:1-84415-279-0
1668:
1664:
1659:
1658:
1644:
1635:
1626:
1617:
1608:
1599:
1590:
1581:
1572:
1563:
1554:
1545:
1536:
1527:
1518:
1509:
1500:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1471:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1434:
1425:
1416:
1407:
1398:
1389:
1380:
1371:
1362:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1301:
1291:
1282:
1273:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1238:
1231:
1222:
1213:
1211:
1201:
1192:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1169:
1160:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1088:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1053:
1045:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1000:
994:
992:
990:
988:
983:
977:
976:
967:
958:
954:
948:
947:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
914:
912:
908:
907:Joachim Murat
904:
898:
896:
892:
888:
884:
874:
870:
868:
864:
859:
855:
851:
842:
838:
835:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
809:
807:
803:
799:
790:
786:
784:
780:
776:
773:column under
772:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
748:
744:
740:
736:
735:Nicolas Soult
727:
723:
721:
716:
712:
708:
705:' brigade of
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
674:
669:
665:
660:
655:
653:
648:
644:
640:
635:
631:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
595:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
538:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
500:
498:
488:
484:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
442:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
395:Gotthard Pass
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
369:on 25 March,
368:
364:
361:on 12 March,
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
340:André Masséna
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
311:
307:
305:
301:
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
231:
229:
225:
221:
218:. During the
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
165:
157:
148:
145:
141:
138:
134:
131:
127:
124:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
99:
96:
91:
86:
82:
78:
65:
61:
57:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1976:
1952:
1929:
1926:Smith, Digby
1907:
1888:
1869:
1847:
1825:
1803:
1788:
1761:
1742:
1720:
1701:
1686:. Retrieved
1662:
1643:
1634:
1625:
1616:
1607:
1598:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1553:
1544:
1535:
1526:
1517:
1508:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1460:
1451:
1442:
1433:
1424:
1415:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1311:
1290:
1281:
1272:
1263:
1254:
1245:
1239:(in French).
1230:
1221:
1200:
1191:
1168:
1159:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1078:
1071:
1052:
1033:
998:
966:
957:
933:
915:
899:
879:
853:
847:
810:
795:
768:
747:Tâmega River
732:
681:
677:
667:
656:
651:
642:
627:
600:
589:Later Empire
562:Hesse-Kassel
539:
536:
501:
493:
474:
447:
436:Early Empire
403:
363:Martinsbruck
357:on 7 March,
348:
316:
296:
275:
259:
237:
207:
196:Ulm campaign
192:Grande Armée
189:
155:
154:
129:Battles/wars
18:
2011:1816 deaths
2006:1771 births
668:Maria Luisa
540:During the
300:Orval Abbey
194:during the
46:16 May 1771
2000:Categories
1981:. Harper.
1655:References
798:Michel Ney
550:VIII Corps
458:Michel Ney
264:lieutenant
240:Damvillers
234:Revolution
214:'s famous
212:Michel Ney
84:Allegiance
70:1816-12-31
56:Damvillers
50:1771-05-16
1688:6 October
978:Citations
949:Footnotes
825:Côa River
520:Innsbruck
512:Scharnitz
470:Elchingen
410:Fort Bard
351:Maienfeld
327:Directory
114:1791-1815
1973:(2004).
1928:(1998).
1868:(2011).
1846:(1993).
1824:(1995).
1802:(2010).
1741:(2001).
1700:(1979).
1032:(2011).
911:Smarhon'
752:Amarante
528:II Corps
516:Leutasch
454:VI Corps
216:VI Corps
106:Infantry
101:Service/
58:, France
1951:(ed.).
926:Chokier
821:Almeida
802:Astorga
760:militia
745:in the
711:Vimeiro
575:Hanover
558:Holland
460:at the
430:Cremona
383:Urseren
371:Ramosch
367:Nauders
359:La Punt
321:in the
302:in the
288:colonel
282:of the
274:in the
272:hussars
268:captain
258:in the
77:Chokier
68: (
48: (
1985:
1959:
1936:
1914:
1895:
1876:
1854:
1832:
1810:
1791:
1768:
1749:
1727:
1708:
1669:
1072:Loison
1040:
999:Loison
934:LOISON
652:Maneta
643:Maneta
639:Guarda
630:Lisbon
623:Oporto
567:Kassel
532:Leoben
477:Danube
387:Schwyz
208:Maneta
143:Awards
103:branch
95:France
944:Notes
930:Liège
928:near
918:Wesel
779:Braga
673:Évora
659:Elvas
468:held
426:Milan
375:Susch
260:Meuse
244:Meuse
1983:ISBN
1957:ISBN
1934:ISBN
1912:ISBN
1893:ISBN
1874:ISBN
1852:ISBN
1830:ISBN
1808:ISBN
1766:ISBN
1747:ISBN
1725:ISBN
1706:ISBN
1690:2012
1667:ISBN
1038:ISBN
428:and
355:Chur
342:and
119:Rank
63:Died
43:Born
905:or
605:'s
556:of
548:'s
530:at
526:'s
497:Ulm
329:on
270:of
2002::
1785:.
1469:^
1347:^
1299:^
1209:^
1177:^
1061:^
1021:^
1005:^
986:^
940:.
889:,
675:.
632:.
230:.
187:.
1991:.
1965:.
1942:.
1920:.
1901:.
1882:.
1860:.
1838:.
1816:.
1774:.
1755:.
1733:.
1714:.
1692:.
1675:.
1046:.
158:(
72:)
52:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
