1636:
570:
480:
1699:
464:
1478:
554:
538:
246:
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51:
777:
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1800:
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1313:
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1434:. The Odyssey was designed with front-hinged doors and as derived from the Honda Accord. It came with advantages such as sedan-like driving dynamics and a lower floor to allow for easy access. In a design feature that would become widely adopted by other manufacturers, the Odyssey introduced a rear seat that folded flat into the floor (replacing a removable rear seat). The Odyssey evolved into a low-roof, estate-like minivan until 2013, when it adopted a high-roof body with rear sliding doors. Honda also produced the
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1279:
691:
1748:
448:
1016:
1789:
432:
1177:
863:
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1517:, which pushed customer preference toward three-row vehicles in anticipation of a larger family. In 2016, 2,497,543 minivans were sold in China, a major increase from 2012, which recorded 936,232 sales. However, sales volume has shrunk ever since, with only 1,082,028 minivans sold in the domestic market in 2021 (4.1% of the total car market), around 720,000 of which were sold by domestic manufacturers.
1910:) originates from the Philippines to describe basic and affordable vehicles with either large seating capacity or cargo designed to be sold in developing countries. These vehicles are usually available in minivan-like wagon body style with a seating capacity of 7 to 16 passengers. They are usually based on a compact pickup truck with
773:
offered on higher-end trims); and parking sensors. However, the Quest and Sedona only echo these design changes in their third and second respective generations. At the same time, Chrysler introduced fold-flat seating in 2005 (under the trademark “Stow-n’-go”). Mazda's MPV did not feature power doors and was discontinued in 2017.
1590:
Luxury MPVs generally have three rows of seats; however, range-topping flagship models may also offer a 2-row option with four seats, which typically have more features than their cheaper counterparts. By the early 2020s, manufacturers have found additional strategies to improve technologies, such as
772:
From 2000 onward, several minivan manufacturers adopted boxier square-based exterior designs and began offering more advanced equipment, including power doors and liftgate; seating that folded flat into the cabin floor; DVD/VCR entertainment systems; in-dash navigation and rear-view camera (both only
764:
The highest selling year for minivans was in 2000, when 1.4 million units were sold. However, in the following years, sales of minivans began to decrease. In 2013, the segment's sales reached approximately 500,000, one-third of its 2000 peak. Market share of minivans in 2019 reached around 2% after a
268:. The cabin may be fitted with two, three, or four rows of seats, with the most common configurations being 2+3+2 or 2+3+3. Compared to other types of passenger vehicles, the body shape of minivans is designed to maximize interior space for both passengers and cargo. It is achieved by lengthening the
382:
adapted a bus-shaped body to the chassis of a small passenger car (the
Volkswagen Beetle). When Volkswagen introduced a sliding side door to the Type 2 in 1968, it then had the prominent features that would later come to define a minivan: compact length, three rows of forward-facing seats, station
499:
Due to their larger footprint and engines, minivans developed for the North
American market are distinct from most minivans/MPVs marketed in other regions, such as Europe and Asia. As of 2020, average exterior length for minivans in North America ranged around 200 inches (5.08 m), while many
319:
Most minivans have a reconfigurable interior to carry passengers and their effects. The first examples were designed with removable rear seats unlatched from the floor for removal and storage (in line with larger vans); however, users gave poor reception to the design as many seats were heavy and
1960:
With the decline of the minivan/MPV category in many regions, such as North
America and Europe, in the mid-2010s, SUVs and crossovers with three rows of seating became popular alternatives. Compared to minivans, three-row SUVs lose sliding doors and generally offer less interior space due to the
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Market reaction to these new full-size MPV models was mixed. Consumers perceived MPVs as large and truck-like despite boasting similar footprints as large sedans. Arguably, cultural reasons regarding vehicle size and high fuel prices were a factor. During 1996 and 1997, the
Western European MPV
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was released as the first
Japanese-brand minivan developed from the ground up specifically for the North American market. Its larger chassis allowed an optional V6 engine and four-wheel drive to fit. In contrast to the sliding doors of American minivans, a hinged passenger-side door was used. A
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and marketed by Citroën, Fiat, Lancia, and
Peugeot. The Eurovans were built with two sliding doors; the gearshift was located on the dashboard to increase interior space, and a petal-type handbrake was adopted. In 1995, Ford of Europe and Volkswagen entered a joint venture, producing the
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in Japan, which carried over the mid-engine configuration of the TownAce. Along with its highly rounded exterior, the Estima was distinguished by its nearly panoramic window glass. The Estima was redesigned in 2000, adopting a front-wheel drive layout and offered with a
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steady decline from 2004, when the segment recorded above 6% of share. It has been suggested that the falling popularity of minivans is due to the increasing popularity of SUVs and crossovers, and its increasingly undesirable image as a vehicle for older drivers or the
1711:
Mini MPV – an abbreviation for Mini Multi-Purpose
Vehicle – is a vehicle size class for the smallest size of minivans (MPVs). The Mini MPV size class sits below the compact MPV size class, and the vehicles are often built on the platforms of B-segment hatchback models.
1505:
minivan, derived from a minivan platform designed by GM in the United States. After two generations of production, the GL8 is the final minivan produced by
General Motors or its joint ventures today. It remained dominant in the high-end minivan segment of the market.
272:, creating a flatter floor, taller roof, and more upright side profile, but not as prominent as commercial-oriented vans that are boxier in profile. Practicality and comfort for passengers are also enhanced with a larger rear cargo space opening and larger windows.
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for 1995. The models also increased in size due to the extended-wheelbase ("Grand") versions of the
Voyager and Caravan, launched in 1987. An increase in luxury features and interior equipment was seen in the Eddie Bauer version of the 1988 Ford Aerostar, the 1990
359:
often cited as the first minivan. The passenger seats in the Scarab were moveable and could be configured for the passengers to sit around a table in the rear of the cabin. Passengers entered and exited the Scarab via a centrally-mounted door.
196:
originated in North
America and the United Kingdom in 1959. In the UK, the Minivan was a small van manufactured by Austin based on the newly introduced Mini car. In the US, the term was used to differentiate the smaller passenger vehicles from
701:
During the 1990s, the minivan segment underwent several significant changes. Many models switched to the front-wheel drive layout used by the Voyager/Caravan minivans. For example, Ford replaced the Aerostar with the front-wheel drive
3898:
1388:, released in 1982, is considered the first Japanese compact minivan. Derived closely from a compact sedan, the Prairie was marketed as a "boxy sedan", configured with sliding doors, folding rear seats, and a lifting rear hatch. The
1067:(AMC), the 1987 sale of AMC to Chrysler canceled the plans for Renault to do so. In the late 1980s, Chrysler and Ford commenced sales of American-designed minivans in Europe (categorized as full-size in the region), selling the
507:
In 2021, sales of the segment totalled 310,630 units in the U.S. (2.1% of the overall car market), and 33,544 in Canada (2.0% of the overall car market). As of 2022, the passenger-oriented minivan segment consists of the
1918:
to maximize its load capacity and durability while maintaining low manufacturing costs. Until the 2000s, AUVs were popular in Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and some African markets.
222:, the configuration allows for less engine intrusion and a lower floor in the passenger compartment. In line with larger full-size vans, unibody construction has been commonly used (the spaceframe design of the
1764:
Compact MPVs remain predominantly European, although they are also built and sold in many Latin American and Asian markets. As of 2016, the only compact MPV sold widely in the United States was the Ford C-Max.
171:
and grew in global popularity and diversity throughout the 1990s. Since the 2000s, their reception has varied in different parts of the world: in North America, for example, they have been largely eclipsed by
217:
In contrast to larger vans, most modern minivans/MPVs use a front-engine, front-wheel drive layout, while some model lines offer all-wheel drive as an option. Alongside adopting the form factor introduced by
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Compact MPV – an abbreviation for Compact Multi-Purpose Vehicle – is a vehicle size class for the middle size of MPVs/minivans. The Compact MPV size class sits between the mini MPV and minivan size classes.
1468:
Current minivans marketed in South Korea are the Kia Carnival and Hyundai Staria, along with imported options such as the Toyota Sienna (originally for North America) and later generations of Honda Odyssey.
1635:
605:
In the late 1970s, Chrysler began a development program to design "a small affordable van that looked and handled more like a car." The result of this program was the first American minivans based on the
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Though sharing underpinnings with superminis, subcompacts, and mini MPVs, using an extended wheelbase can make leisure activity vehicles longer than those from which they are derived. For example, the
237:. Minivans do not have as much ground clearance, towing capacity, or off-road capability compared to SUVs. Minivans provide more space for passengers and cargo than sedans and SUVs.
147:
Though predecessors to the minivan date back to the 1930s, the contemporary minivan body style was developed concurrently by several companies in the early 1980s, most notably by
719:. The third-generation Plymouth Voyager, Dodge Caravan, and Chrysler Town & Country – released for the 1996 model year – had an additional sliding door on the driver's side.
2687:
4128:
1827:(among the first crossover SUVs and a precursor to the Renault Espace), with European manufacturers expanding the segment in the late 1990s, following the introduction of the
1938:, an MPV that is the direct successor to the Kijang which in its first two generations were built with body-on-frame construction. The vehicle's third generation switched to
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to North America in 1984, 1986, and 1987, respectively. These vehicles were marketed with the generic "Van" and "Wagon" names (for cargo and passenger vans, respectively).
569:
629:
described minivans "the hot cars coming out of Detroit," noting that "analysts say the mini-van has created an entirely new market, one that may well overshadow the...
2712:
1115:
as a standard panel van for cargo (called Vito) or with passenger accommodations substituted for part or all of the load area (called V-Class or Viano). In 1998, the
1056:
was a derivative of a commercial van). Beginning development in the 1970s under the European subsidiaries of Chrysler, the Espace was intended as a successor for the
2180:
1353:
Before the birth of minivans with modern form factors, tall wagon-type vehicles with large seating capacity in Japan were known as light vans. They commonly adopted
741:
became the first Japanese-brand minivan assembled in North America, replacing the Toyota Previa in that market. For 1999, Honda introduced a separate version of the
73:
for vehicles designed to transport passengers in the rear seating row(s), with reconfigurable seats in two or three rows. The equivalent classification in Europe is
1445:
In 2020, minivans made up 20.8% of total automobile sales in Japan, behind SUVs and compact hatchbacks, making it one of the largest minivan markets in the world.
2342:
4201:
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1060:, leading to its use of front-hinged doors. While slow-selling at the time of its release, the Espace would become the most successful European-brand minivan.
737:
in 1990 to replace the Van/Wagon in North America. It was designed solely as a passenger vehicle sized to compete with American-market minivans. For 1998, the
479:
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was canceled, Chrysler discontinued its short-wheelbase minivans in 2007, and General Motors left the market segment in 2009 with the cancellation of the
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engines with more than 270 horsepower (201 kW; 274 PS) mainly to fulfill towing capacity requirements which North American customers demand.
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introduced a driver-side sliding door; by 2002, all minivans were sold with doors on both sides of the body. Most minivans are configured with a rear
3737:[The share of SUVs exceeds 30% of minivans! What is the current state of the new car market, where the power map has changed dramatically?].
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in 2004, a three-row vehicle with rear sliding doors. Mazda claimed the model "does not fit into any traditional (North American) segmentation." The
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market expanded from around 210,000 units to 350,000 units annually. However, the growth did not continue as expected, resulting in serious plant
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and Ford Aerostar. General Motors imported the Oldsmobile Silhouette (branded as the Pontiac Trans Sport), later marketing the American-produced
822:, which was introduced for the 2002 model year, is notable for being the first minivan from a South Korean manufacturer in the region. For 2007,
463:
1926:, introduced in the Philippines and Indonesia in 1975 as a pickup truck with an optional rear cabin. In the 1990s, other vehicles such as the
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3659:[The Odyssey that cannot disappear for the 5th generation! What is the history of one great car that drove the minivan market?].
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in French, is the passenger-oriented version of small commercial vans primarily marketed in Europe. One of the first LAVs was the 1977
2978:
1850:
in body design. To maximize interior space, LAVs feature a taller roof, more upright windshield, and longer hood/bonnet with either a
682:
By the end of the 1980s, demand for minivans as family vehicles had largely superseded full-size station wagons in the United States.
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553:
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Following the 1990 discontinuation of the Nissan Vanette in the United States, Nissan also ended the sale of the second-generation
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seating. The largest size of minivans is also referred to as 'Large MPV' and became popular following the introduction of the 1984
3868:
3163:
1981:
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4304:
3928:
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2110:
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is one of the longest LAVs with a total length of 4,255 mm (167.5 in), versus the 4,050 mm (159.4 in) of the
1457:(also sold the Kia Sedona) was introduced in 1998 with dual sliding doors. Sharing its configuration with the Honda Odyssey, the
275:
Some minivans/MPVs may use sliding doors, while others offer conventional forward-hinged doors. Initially, a feature of the 1982
618:. The S minivans debuted the minivan design features of front-wheel drive, a flat floor and a sliding door for rear passengers.
5370:
4475:
2068:"Car prices within the European Union / Prix des voitures au sein de l'Union européenne / Autopreise in der europäischen Union"
1381:. These vehicles were based on commercial vehicles, which created a gap compared to sedans regarding ride quality and luxury.
5412:
5391:
5384:
3339:
1715:
Several minivans based on B-segment platforms have been marketed as 'leisure activity vehicles' in Europe. These include the
1416:, produced with varying degrees of relation with the Toyota Alphard/Vellfire. The LM designation stands for "Luxury Mover".
324:
was introduced with a third-row seat that folded flat into the floor, which was then adopted by many competitors, including
5426:
5405:
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136:. Typically, these have platforms derived from D-segment passenger cars or compact pickups. Since the 1990s, the smaller
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platform, it offered the same multi-use and flexibility aspects as the larger MPVs but with a much smaller footprint.
927:
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compact MPV, where it was prominently marketed as a crossover due to its small size and the use of hinged rear doors.
726:. Nissan reentered the segment by forming a joint venture with Ford to develop and assemble a minivan that became the
233:
Minivans/MPVs are produced on distinct chassis architecture or share platforms with other vehicles such as sedans and
4468:
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946:
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After the success of the Renault Scénic, other makers have developed similar European-focused products, such as the
899:
1539:
The MPV segment is the most popular passenger car segment in Indonesia, with a market share of 40 percent in 2021.
1698:
1031:
In Europe, the classification is commonly known as "MPV", "people carrier", or officially M-segment, and includes
421:
95 series. The Econoline grew larger in the 1970s, while the Greenbrier was joined by (and later replaced by) the
3842:
2067:
2383:
625:; at six feet tall or lower, 1980s minivans were intended to fit inside a typical garage door opening. In 1984,
355:
term, there is a long history of one-box passenger vehicles roughly approximating the body style, with the 1936
261:
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3450:[The roots of the minivan are derivative models of passenger cars! Appeared in Europe before the war].
3027:
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driver-side entry was added for 1996, as Mazda gradually remarketed the model line as an early crossover SUV.
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3556:[Many models are born! Tracing the history of Toyota-created minivans following the Toyota Granace].
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375:, a flat floor, and multi-configurable seating, all of which would later become characteristics of minivans.
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2100:"Impact on the Competitiveness of the European Automotive Industry of Potential FTA with India and ASEAN"
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2077:(in English, French, and German). Brussels: Publications Office of the European Union. 1 January 2011
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Sales of minivans in China increased rapidly in 2015 and 2016 when the Chinese government lifted the
17:
3711:[Development of minivan culture 25 years of striving to achieve both wideness and driving].
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also had many features in common with modern minivans. The Multipla was based on the chassis of the
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2045:. Luxemburg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. 17 March 1999. p. 2
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The early 1960s saw Ford and Chevrolet introduce "compact" vans for the North American market, the
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To match the launch of minivans by American manufacturers, Japanese manufacturers introduced the
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3476:[The revolution caused by the first Estima, the founder of the Japanese minivan world].
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1955:
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was released. A two-row, six-seater MPV with a 3+3 seat configuration borrowing its name from
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compact MPV with sliding doors. However, it did not offer third-row seating in North America.
776:
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201:(such as the Ford E-Series, Dodge Ram Van, and Chevrolet Van), which were then called 'vans'.
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1951:
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2020, the sales volume of the segment totaled 283,583 vehicles, or 10.3% of industry total.
5480:
5444:
2688:"Creating the Plymouth, Dodge, and Chrysler Minivan: The Caravan/Voyager Development Story"
1720:
1465:
is the highest-capacity minivan, seating up to 11 passengers. It was discontinued in 2019.
1339:
812:
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227:
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The first known use of the term was in 1959, but not until the 1980s was it commonly used.
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8:
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5059:
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4616:
3138:"Ford cancels seven-passenger C-Max for U.S., focuses solely on Hybrid and Energi models"
1438:
mid-size MPV since 1996, which is designed with a higher cabin and narrow width, and the
1005:
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4355:
3267:
How to Design Cars Like a Pro: A Complete Guide to Car Design from the Top Professionals
1828:
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was the first European-developed minivan developed primarily for passenger use (as the
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utilized a compact pickup truck platform. Minivans often have a 'one-box' or 'two-box'
70:
4032:
3766:[The ideal companion for summer vacation, 6 MPVs that you can meet in Korea].
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which was developed as a luxury-oriented model. In 2020, Lexus introduced their first
1312:
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2952:"Minivan Market Share Is Now at 2 Percent In America, and It's Rapidly Getting Worse"
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In the 1990s, several joint ventures produced long-running minivan designs. In 1994,
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design, and rear-wheel drive layout with one-box form factor. Examples included the
1139:
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307:
287:; few minivans have used panel-style rear doors, for example, cargo versions of the
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adopted nearly the same form factor, instead using wagon-style front-hinged doors.
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2435:"The Stout Scarab is the World's First Minivan, and the First Car with a Mustache"
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1984. Minivans cut into and eventually overshadowed the traditional market of the
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3656:
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1804:
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807:) between 2009 and 2013. In 2010, Ford started importing the commercial-oriented
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wagon-style top-hinged tailgate/liftgate, sliding side door, passenger car base.
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or barn doors to access the boot. Marketed as an alternative to sedan-derived
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High-end minivans may include distinguished features such as captain seats or
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minivan, deliveries of the 009 began in the first quarter of 2023 in China.
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124:, a higher roof, a flat floor, sliding doors for rear passengers, and high
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137:
4383:"A Minivan or a Three-Row SUV? Which Vehicle Is Better for Your Family?"
4129:"Coming soon: the Volvo EM90, our first ever fully electric premium MPV"
3104:
2212:"30 Years Ago Today, Chrysler Invented the Minivan, And Changed History"
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887: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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3393:[ 15 Recommended Popular Minivans | Price / Spec Comparison].
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3818:"Chinese-owned MPV brands see decline in market share - China.org.cn"
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745:, with North America receiving a larger vehicle with sliding doors.
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41:"Mini van" redirects here. For the van version of the Mini car, see
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4111:"2024 Lexus LM price and specs: Luxury people-mover tops $ 220,000"
2317:"Five Minivans You Shouldn't Be Embarrassed [sic] To Drive"
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141:
4253:"From humble beginnings: The History of the Asian Utility Vehicle"
1587:, mainly marketed for several Asian (especially Chinese) markets.
1063:
Initially intending to market the Espace in North America through
5152:
5142:
5109:
5084:
5079:
4946:
4911:
4730:
4568:
4520:
2713:"The Ford Mustang and the minivan have an amazing shared history"
1939:
1859:
1453:
In South Korea, both the terms "minivan" and "MPV" are used. The
156:
125:
32:
28:
4202:"Peugeot Rifter revealed as Citroen Berlingo Multispace sibling"
1862:
than MPVs or minivans, offering two (or three) rows of seating.
1487:
5162:
3955:"Gaikindo reveals five popular car brands in Indonesia in 2017"
2667:. Smithsonian Institution - National Museum of American History
834:
315:, showcasing its relatively flat floor and third-row seat space
1430:
In 1995, Honda entered the minivan segment by introducing the
5036:
4891:
4460:
4151:"PSA Previews New Generation Leisure Activity Vehicles (LAV)"
3657:"消えちゃいけないオデッセイが5代目にして消滅! ミニバン市場をけん引した偉大なる1台の歴史とは | goo - 自動車"
2558:"What's the Best Minivan or SUV for Towing a Travel Trailer?"
1572:
1568:
1521:
3869:"Zeekr 009 Is A New Electric MPV For The Chinese Car Market"
1934:
emerged in the AUV segment. Modern equivalent of AUV is the
4279:"The AUV: In the service of the Filipino - Feature Stories"
3391:"【2022年】ミニバンおすすめ人気15選|価格・スペック比較|Motor-Fan[モーターファン]"
1035:-based vehicles and smaller vehicles with two-row seating.
621:
The term minivan came into use largely compared to size to
3899:"ZEEKR 001's monthly deliveries hit new high in Aug. 2022"
2485:"How the Volkswagen Bus Became a Symbol of Counterculture"
2462:"The Mother Of All Modern Minivans: 1949 DKW Schnellaster"
1873:(a mini MPV) and the 4,030 mm (158.7 in) of the
58:, the best-selling minivan in the United States as of 2020
5196:
4766:
4654:
4491:
3340:"The reasons why full-size minivans don't sell in Europe"
1982:"Ranked: 5 best-selling new minivans in the U.S. in 2020"
1576:
1032:
823:
791:
ceased in 2003. Ford exited the segment in 2006 when the
177:
94:
4356:"3 Row SUV vs the Best Minivan: Which is Right For You?"
4305:"Adios, AUVs: The twilight of the 10-seaters is upon us"
3580:"Lexus LM luxury MPV fully revealed ahead of UK launch"
2161:. Vol. 164, no. 11. November 1987. p. 72
2011:
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus
1404:
powertrain since 2001. In 2002, Toyota introduced the
787:
Due to the market decline, North American sales of the
3982:"Pangsa pasar segmen MPV capai 40%, ini kata Gaikindo"
3606:"The Lexus Luxury Mover makes a lot of motoring sense"
2030:
2028:
1138:
in 1996, which became popular. Based on the C-segment
636:
In response to the popularity of the Voyager/Caravan,
3529:[ 6 unique minivans that changed the times].
1838:
Leisure activity vehicles are typically derived from
1591:
new materials, new systems, and improving exteriors.
1123:, it is notable for its highly controversial design.
4228:"LAVs rise above their van origins and enter fleets"
2923:
2921:
1461:
was sold from 1999 to 2008. Introduced in 2004, the
3735:"SUVのシェアがミニバン超えの3割に! 勢力図が大変化した新車市場の今とは!?|コラム【MOTA】"
2930:"'Mom mobiles' a shrinking category for automakers"
2025:
833:Another compact MPV released to the market was the
648:badge-engineered twins, and Ford released the 1986
413:respectively. The Ford version was marketed in the
3189:"Top 100 Cars 2014: Top 10 MPVs (people carriers)"
2797:"Driving Down Memory Lane in the Original Minivan"
1328:In Japan, the classification is known as "minivan"
1134:Renault set a new "compact MPV" standard with the
1108:minivans, featuring front-hinged rear side doors.
3423:[Development of minivan culture (1994)].
2918:
2906:. Vol. 44, no. 7. July 1990. p. 41
2760:
2758:
2511:"Fiat invented minivan concept with the Multipla"
1961:higher priorities on exterior styling and higher
5546:
4408:"Minivan or SUV—Which Is Best for Big Families?"
3793:"〈威尔〉赛那"姊妹车"来了,还会继续走"加价"路线吗『皇冠』?_新能源市场_零排放智能汽车网"
2358:"A Visionary's Minivan Arrived Decades Too Soon"
2340:
2036:"Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 - Merger Procedure"
112:and have a lower body. Early models such as the
2659:
2657:
1350:and defined by its three-row seating capacity.
1343:
4176:"Ford Transit Courier: Small Fiesta-based van"
3683:"ミニバンとは? 他にはないミニバンの良さや最新人気車種をご紹介!(WEB CARTOP)"
3554:"数多くのモデルが誕生! トヨタ・グランエースへ続くトヨタが生み出したミニバンの歴史を辿る"
2755:
180:, while in Asia they are commonly marketed as
4476:
4330:"AUV, MPV, or SUV: What are the differences?"
3929:"Automotive Manufacturing Industry Indonesia"
2874:"A Van By Any Other Name: Mitsubishi "Wagon""
2829:. Vol. 162, no. 4. pp. 48, 168
2343:"GM's X-Cars: Anatomy of a Miserable Failure"
815:, entered the North American market in 2016.
3631:"ホンダ「オデッセイ」が27年の歴史に幕!「ミニバン」ブームの火付け役が残した功績とは"
3002:"Minivans are perfect. Why do we hate them?"
2654:
2611:"2021 Canada Minivan Sales Figures By Model"
367:—manufactured from 1949 until 1962—featured
144:sizes of minivans have also become popular.
4144:
4142:
3164:"Test Drive: Ford C-Max is eco-licious fun"
2773:. Vol. 226, no. 2. pp. 74–75
2459:
2259:
2257:
1783:
4483:
4469:
4108:
3866:
3843:"China: passenger car sales by model 2021"
2927:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2266:"SUV or Minivan: Which Should You Choose?"
2209:
811:Wagon from Turkey. A similar vehicle, the
3241:"What is an MPV (multi-purpose vehicle)?"
1261:Learn how and when to remove this message
947:Learn how and when to remove this message
108:, most minivans are based on a passenger
4887:Cabriolet / Convertible / Drophead coupe
4148:
4139:
3507:. Vol. 223, no. 3. p. 123
3498:
3215:"History of Toyota's compact MPV models"
2263:
2254:
1890:
1880:
1798:
1787:
1746:
1697:
1486:
1476:
775:
752:
689:
593:
306:
244:
49:
5233:Homogeneous charge compression ignition
4082:
4056:
3551:
2785:
2764:
2584:"US car sales analysis 2021 – Minivans"
2508:
2409:"Revisiting Classics: The Stout Scarab"
2135:. Vol. 167, no. 2. p. 64
1994:No. 1 - Chrysler Pacifica (93,802 sold)
1898:, also known as the Kijang in Indonesia
14:
5547:
4225:
4109:Misoyannis, Alex (20 September 2023).
4085:"FY2020 Car Sales in India – Snapshot"
3979:
3909:from the original on 27 September 2022
3879:from the original on 20 September 2022
3025:
2999:
2355:
2210:Sorokanich, Robert (2 November 2013).
2126:
1594:Examples of luxury MPV models include
1442:since 2000 to slot below the Odyssey.
730:and its Mercury Villager counterpart.
4464:
4448:from the original on 11 December 2021
4149:Patrascu, Daniel (13 February 2018).
3787:
3785:
3764:"여름 휴가의 이상적인 동반자, 국내서 만날 수 있는 MPV 6종"
3758:
3756:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3264:
2970:
2795:Kurczewski, Nick (15 December 2016).
2665:"America on the Move - Dodge Caravan"
2482:
2384:"Cars of Futures Past – Stout Scarab"
2381:
2334:
1778:
4380:
2976:
2820:
2685:
2636:"Best New Minivans and Vans of 2022"
2341:Benjamin Hunting (21 January 2021).
2094:
2092:
2062:
2060:
1199:adding citations to reliable sources
1170:
885:adding citations to reliable sources
856:
656:layout, unlike the Voyager/Caravan.
652:. These vehicles used a traditional
532:Top 3 best-sellers in the U.S., 2021
38:Type of van designed for private use
4083:Punditz, Team Auto (4 April 2020).
4057:Punditz, Team Auto (8 April 2020).
3867:de Feijter, Tycho (9 August 2022).
3527:"【エスティマ、オデッセイ…他】時代を変えた個性派「名」ミニバン6選"
3445:
3291:"Renault Espace, this is your life"
3193:Driving.co.uk from The Sunday Times
3000:Cheney, Peter (27 September 2011).
2928:Eisenstein, Paul A. (10 May 2014).
2608:
2509:Mattews, Nigel (26 November 2014).
2460:Niedermeyer, Paul (29 March 2010).
2314:
1819:), also known as van-based MPV and
1803:Peugeot Rifter, a LAV based on the
799:. However, Volkswagen marketed the
24:
3782:
3753:
3408:
3327:
3161:
3026:Bedard, Patrick (1 October 2001).
2765:Stepler, Richard (February 1985).
2264:Trompete, Tara (13 October 2023).
1682:
1558:
1547:The category is commonly known as
748:
589:
207:
25:
5576:
4897:Coupé de Ville / Sedanca de Ville
4429:
3603:
3102:
2181:"Our pick: Top 10 used mini-MPVs"
2089:
2057:
1928:Isuzu Panther/Hi-Lander/Crosswind
1858:, LAVs have seating with a lower
1111:In 1996, Mercedes introduced the
4135:(Press release). 24 August 2023.
3980:Elvira, Vina (4 November 2021).
3709:"第38回:ミニバン文化の発展 広さと走りの両立に挑んだ25年"
3499:Schefler, Jim (September 1983).
2686:Zatz, David (16 November 2020).
1945:
1932:Mitsubishi Freeca/Adventure/Kuda
1666:
1650:
1634:
1311:
1294:
1277:
1175:
1154:that offered three-row seating,
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4121:
4102:
4076:
4059:"MUV Sales in India for FY2020"
4050:
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4000:
3973:
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3921:
3891:
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3835:
3810:
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3675:
3649:
3623:
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3572:
3545:
3519:
3492:
3480:(in Japanese). 10 February 2021
3466:
3448:"ミニバンのルーツは乗用車の派生モデル!欧州では戦前より登場"
3439:
3383:
3358:
3309:
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3207:
3181:
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3096:
3070:
3053:"Kia Rondo found! And reviewed"
3045:
3019:
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2866:
2849:"Autotrader - page unavailable"
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2356:Patton, Phil (6 January 2008).
2349:
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2229:
2187:. 3 August 2010. Archived from
1984:. AutomotiveMap. 10 August 2020
1395:In 1990, Toyota introduced the
1186:needs additional citations for
872:needs additional citations for
346:
5534:Template:EC car classification
4490:
3715:(in Japanese). 6 December 2018
3427:(in Japanese). 31 January 2014
2738:"Coolest Minivans of All Time"
2203:
2173:
2147:
2127:Taylor, Rich (February 1990).
2120:
1999:
1974:
1846:car platforms, differing from
1736:
1583:have marketed upscale MPVs as
1448:
826:also introduced the three-row
328:that introduced third-row and
13:
1:
2977:Neil, Dan (17 October 2007).
2483:Kindy, David (6 March 2020).
1968:
417:series, the Chevrolet in the
320:hard to remove. In 1995, the
240:
4381:Radu, Vlad (30 April 2021).
3961:. Indonesia. 21 January 2018
3533:(in Japanese). 21 March 2020
3317:"The 100 ugliest cars: 20-1"
3269:. Motorbooks International.
2904:Kiplinger's Personal Finance
2823:"PM drives GM's new minivan"
2821:Lamm, Michael (April 1985).
2382:Ernst, Kurt (11 July 2013).
2013:. Cambridge University Press
1534:
1501:commenced production of the
1091:was introduced, produced by
1054:Volkswagen Caravelle/Vanagon
1038:
187:
7:
4444:. CNBC. 18 September 2019.
4133:Volvo Cars Official Website
3935:. Netherlands. 2 April 2018
3739:autoc-one.jp MOTA(旧オートックワン)
3474:"日本ミニバン界の始祖 初代エスティマが起こした革命"
3368:[Toyota minivans].
2533:"Common Minivan Dimensions"
2109:. p. 8. Archived from
1687:
1549:multi utility vehicle (MUV)
1344:
1065:American Motors Corporation
841:was released for 2013 as a
733:Toyota also introduced the
713:Chrysler Town & Country
351:Before the adoption of the
302:
256:Minivans/MPVs use either a
228:General Motors APV minivans
65:(sometimes called simply a
10:
5581:
5223:Gasoline / petrol
4987:Roadster / Spider / Spyder
2315:Max, Josh (28 July 2020).
1949:
1884:
1740:
1691:
1612:BMW 2 Series Active Tourer
1078:
584:
330:fold-flat second-row seats
212:
40:
26:
5519:
5443:
5363:(engine / drive)
5357:
5329:
5276:
5128:
5050:
4842:
4780:
4739:
4686:
4653:
4625:
4597:
4559:
4508:
4499:
4442:"The Fall of the Minivan"
3933:indonesia-investments.com
3770:(in Korean). 28 July 2021
2767:"New generation minivans"
1335:
852:
743:Odyssey for North America
576:Chrysler Pacifica/Voyager
5002:Sedan delivery/Panel van
1813:leisure activity vehicle
1784:Leisure activity vehicle
1630:Examples of upscale MPVs
1542:
1472:
1166:
1145:
1043:
989:Citroën Evasion/Synergie
685:
85:- and are taller than a
27:Not to be confused with
5263:Liquified petroleum gas
5075:Driverless (autonomous)
4226:Dieter (16 July 2018).
2237:"Definition of Minivan"
1795:, one of the first LAVs
1161:
163:), both first sold for
5168:Compressed natural gas
5095:Personal rapid transit
3986:newssetup.kontan.co.id
3552:交通タイムス社 (9 May 2020).
2900:"Best of the Minivans"
2464:. The Truth About Cars
2129:"The Light Vantastics"
1956:Crossover (automobile)
1899:
1808:
1796:
1757:
1708:
1563:Manufacturers such as
1494:
1484:
1419:Nissan introduced the
784:
761:
698:
602:
316:
266:A, B, C, and D pillars
253:
59:
5434:Dual motor-four-wheel
5032:Town (Coupé de Ville)
4360:agirlsguidetocars.com
4180:topgear-autoguide.com
1952:Sport utility vehicle
1924:Toyota Tamaraw/Kijang
1922:The first AUV is the
1904:Asian utility vehicle
1894:
1887:Basic utility vehicle
1881:Asian utility vehicle
1802:
1791:
1770:Category:Compact MPVs
1750:
1701:
1642:Mercedes-Benz V-Class
1616:Hyundai Staria Lounge
1596:Mercedes-Benz V-Class
1490:
1480:
1156:Citroën Xsara Picasso
1113:Mercedes-Benz V-Class
779:
756:
717:Oldsmobile Silhouette
693:
597:
310:
297:Mercedes-Benz V-Class
248:
79:multi-purpose vehicle
53:
5445:Engine configuration
4456:– via YouTube.
3905:. 1 September 2022.
3604:Sarne, V. Vernon B.
3265:Lewin, Tony (2003).
2979:"Head of the Family"
2956:The Truth About Cars
2489:Smithsonian Magazine
1721:Ford Transit Courier
1195:improve this article
1073:Opel/Vauxhall Sintra
881:improve this article
813:Mercedes-Benz Metris
809:Ford Transit Connect
805:Chrysler RT minivans
407:Econoline Club Wagon
343:for the second row.
5451:internal combustion
5253:Internal combustion
5060:All-terrain vehicle
4982:Retractable hardtop
4033:"MPV Cars in India"
3501:"Toyota's mini-van"
2241:merriam-webster.com
1774:( 112 )
759:Dodge Grand Caravan
230:being exceptions).
4283:autoindustriya.com
4259:. 10 December 2021
4182:. 4 September 2013
3421:"ミニバン文化の発展(1994年)"
3006:The Globe and Mail
2958:. 18 February 2020
2880:. 23 November 2019
2801:The New York Times
2564:. 16 December 2020
2362:The New York Times
1900:
1877:SW (a supermini).
1809:
1797:
1779:Related categories
1758:
1732:( 70 )
1728:Category:Mini MPVs
1709:
1495:
1485:
1390:Mitsubishi Chariot
797:Chevrolet Uplander
789:Volkswagen Eurovan
785:
762:
699:
640:released the 1985
627:The New York Times
603:
317:
254:
249:Side profile of a
122:body configuration
71:car classification
60:
5542:
5541:
4838:
4837:
4607:Compact executive
4387:autoevolution.com
4362:. 28 January 2022
4155:autoevolution.com
3323:. 28 August 2008.
3195:. 25 October 2014
3162:Healey, James R.
3105:"Review: Mazda 5"
3084:. 1 December 2006
2983:Los Angeles Times
2827:Popular Mechanics
2642:. 4 February 2022
2615:goodcarbadcar.net
2590:. 20 January 2022
2291:"What is an MPV?"
2159:Popular Mechanics
2133:Popular Mechanics
2116:on 29 April 2013.
1856:small family cars
1775:
1752:Volkswagen Touran
1733:
1482:Buick GL8 Century
1375:Mitsubishi Delica
1271:
1270:
1263:
1245:
1106:Volkswagen Sharan
1023:Mercedes-Benz EQV
1006:Vauxhall Zafira A
957:
956:
949:
931:
801:Volkswagen Routan
706:for 1993 and the
669:Mitsubishi Delica
514:Chrysler Pacifica
486:Fiat 600 Multipla
470:Volkswagen Type 2
380:Volkswagen Type 2
373:transverse engine
369:front-wheel drive
281:Chrysler minivans
264:body design with
220:Chrysler minivans
153:Chrysler minivans
151:(producer of the
56:Chrysler Pacifica
16:(Redirected from
5572:
5454:
5413:Front-four-wheel
5364:
5227:direct injection
5138:Alternative fuel
4952:Multi-stop truck
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3768:motoya.co.kr 모토야
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3078:"2007 Kia Rondo"
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3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2989:on 29 July 2018.
2985:. Archived from
2974:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2937:
2925:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2792:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2762:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2717:Business Insider
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2661:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2609:Tulumba, Chris.
2606:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2588:carsalesbase.com
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2513:. Driving Canada
2506:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2415:. 23 August 2018
2405:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2312:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2261:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2104:
2096:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2072:
2064:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2040:
2032:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1989:
1978:
1963:ground clearance
1916:rear-wheel drive
1829:Citroën Berlingo
1773:
1756:
1731:
1707:
1670:
1654:
1638:
1520:In August 2022,
1515:two-child policy
1513:in favor of the
1511:one-child policy
1463:SsangYong Rodius
1423:in 1991 and the
1349:
1347:
1337:
1315:
1298:
1281:
1266:
1259:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1244:
1203:
1179:
1171:
1121:an older minivan
1085:badge engineered
1069:Chrysler Voyager
1018:
1001:
984:
967:
952:
945:
941:
938:
932:
930:
889:
865:
857:
847:battery electric
704:Mercury Villager
654:rear-wheel drive
612:Plymouth Voyager
572:
556:
540:
518:Chrysler Voyager
482:
466:
454:DKW Schnellaster
450:
434:
365:DKW Schnellaster
339:, as opposed to
313:Renault Espace V
104:Compared with a
21:
5580:
5579:
5575:
5574:
5573:
5571:
5570:
5569:
5545:
5544:
5543:
5538:
5515:
5486:Single-cylinder
5448:
5447:
5439:
5427:Rear-four-wheel
5378:Front mid-front
5362:
5361:
5353:
5331:Engine position
5325:
5272:
5258:Liquid nitrogen
5124:
5052:
5046:
4834:
4776:
4735:
4682:
4668:Crossover (CUV)
4649:
4621:
4593:
4555:
4495:
4489:
4451:
4449:
4440:
4432:
4427:
4417:
4415:
4414:. 23 April 2020
4406:
4405:
4401:
4391:
4389:
4379:
4375:
4365:
4363:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4339:
4337:
4336:. 26 April 2019
4334:autodeal.com.ph
4328:
4327:
4323:
4313:
4311:
4303:
4302:
4298:
4288:
4286:
4277:
4276:
4272:
4262:
4260:
4251:
4250:
4246:
4236:
4234:
4232:fleeteurope.com
4224:
4220:
4210:
4208:
4200:
4199:
4195:
4185:
4183:
4174:
4173:
4169:
4159:
4157:
4147:
4140:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4107:
4103:
4093:
4091:
4089:autopunditz.com
4081:
4077:
4067:
4065:
4063:autopunditz.com
4055:
4051:
4041:
4039:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4016:
4014:
4006:
4005:
4001:
3991:
3989:
3988:(in Indonesian)
3978:
3974:
3964:
3962:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3938:
3936:
3927:
3926:
3922:
3912:
3910:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3882:
3880:
3865:
3861:
3851:
3849:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3826:
3824:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3791:
3790:
3783:
3773:
3771:
3762:
3761:
3754:
3744:
3742:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3718:
3716:
3707:
3706:
3702:
3692:
3690:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3666:
3664:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3640:
3638:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3614:
3612:
3602:
3598:
3588:
3586:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3563:
3561:
3550:
3546:
3536:
3534:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3510:
3508:
3505:Popular Science
3497:
3493:
3483:
3481:
3472:
3471:
3467:
3457:
3455:
3452:automesseweb.jp
3444:
3440:
3430:
3428:
3419:
3418:
3409:
3399:
3397:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3349:
3347:
3338:
3337:
3328:
3321:telegraph.co.uk
3315:
3314:
3310:
3300:
3298:
3297:. 23 April 2015
3289:
3288:
3284:
3277:
3263:
3259:
3249:
3247:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3224:
3222:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3198:
3196:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3172:
3170:
3160:
3156:
3146:
3144:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3101:
3097:
3087:
3085:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3061:
3059:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3036:
3034:
3024:
3020:
3010:
3008:
2998:
2994:
2975:
2971:
2961:
2959:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2935:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2909:
2907:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2883:
2881:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2857:
2855:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2832:
2830:
2819:
2815:
2805:
2803:
2793:
2786:
2776:
2774:
2771:Popular Science
2763:
2756:
2746:
2744:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2721:
2719:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2696:
2694:
2684:
2680:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2655:
2645:
2643:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2619:
2617:
2607:
2603:
2593:
2591:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2565:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2541:
2539:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2516:
2514:
2507:
2503:
2493:
2491:
2481:
2477:
2467:
2465:
2458:
2454:
2444:
2442:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2418:
2416:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2392:
2390:
2380:
2376:
2366:
2364:
2354:
2350:
2339:
2335:
2325:
2323:
2313:
2309:
2299:
2297:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2272:
2270:Kelly Blue Book
2262:
2255:
2245:
2243:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2220:
2218:
2208:
2204:
2194:
2192:
2191:on 5 March 2012
2179:
2178:
2174:
2164:
2162:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2138:
2136:
2125:
2121:
2113:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2090:
2080:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2058:
2048:
2046:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2026:
2016:
2014:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1987:
1985:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1958:
1948:
1889:
1883:
1805:Peugeot Partner
1786:
1781:
1754:
1745:
1739:
1705:
1696:
1690:
1685:
1683:Size categories
1678:
1676:
1671:
1662:
1660:
1655:
1646:
1644:
1639:
1585:luxury vehicles
1561:
1559:Luxury vehicles
1545:
1537:
1524:introduced the
1475:
1451:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1299:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1282:
1267:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1204:
1202:
1192:
1180:
1169:
1164:
1148:
1081:
1046:
1041:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1019:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1002:
993:
992:
991:
985:
976:
975:
974:
968:
953:
942:
936:
933:
890:
888:
878:
866:
855:
843:hybrid electric
751:
749:2000s and 2010s
715:, and the 1990
688:
642:Chevrolet Astro
592:
590:1970s and 1980s
587:
580:
578:
573:
564:
562:
557:
548:
546:
541:
497:
490:
488:
483:
474:
472:
467:
458:
456:
451:
442:
440:
435:
349:
305:
289:Chevrolet Astro
243:
215:
210:
208:Characteristics
190:
182:luxury vehicles
118:Chevrolet Astro
46:
39:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5578:
5568:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5520:
5517:
5516:
5514:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5457:
5455:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5437:
5430:
5423:
5420:Mid-four-wheel
5416:
5409:
5402:
5395:
5388:
5381:
5374:
5367:
5365:
5355:
5354:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5335:
5333:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5282:
5280:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5235:
5230:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5190:
5184:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5134:
5132:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5056:
5054:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5007:Shooting brake
5004:
4999:
4997:Saloon / Sedan
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4848:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4786:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4692:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4659:
4657:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4631:
4629:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4603:
4601:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4565:
4563:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4512:
4510:
4503:
4501:Classification
4497:
4496:
4488:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4465:
4459:
4458:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4430:External links
4428:
4426:
4425:
4399:
4373:
4347:
4321:
4309:topgear.com.ph
4296:
4285:. 12 June 2015
4270:
4257:c-magazine.com
4244:
4218:
4193:
4167:
4138:
4120:
4101:
4075:
4049:
4024:
3999:
3972:
3946:
3920:
3890:
3859:
3834:
3809:
3781:
3752:
3726:
3700:
3674:
3661:goo自動車&バイク
3648:
3622:
3596:
3571:
3544:
3518:
3491:
3465:
3438:
3407:
3382:
3357:
3326:
3308:
3282:
3275:
3257:
3232:
3221:. 1 April 2015
3206:
3180:
3154:
3129:
3103:Barry, Keith.
3095:
3069:
3044:
3032:Car and Driver
3018:
2992:
2969:
2943:
2917:
2891:
2865:
2853:autotrader.com
2840:
2813:
2784:
2754:
2729:
2704:
2678:
2653:
2640:Car and Driver
2627:
2601:
2575:
2549:
2524:
2501:
2475:
2452:
2426:
2400:
2374:
2348:
2345:. Motor Trend.
2333:
2307:
2282:
2253:
2228:
2202:
2172:
2155:"Mass Transit"
2146:
2119:
2088:
2056:
2024:
1998:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1947:
1944:
1942:construction.
1885:Main article:
1882:
1879:
1833:Renault Kangoo
1807:commercial van
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1755:(2015–present)
1741:Main article:
1738:
1735:
1692:Main article:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1677:(2022–present)
1672:
1665:
1663:
1661:(2019–present)
1656:
1649:
1647:
1645:(1996–present)
1640:
1633:
1631:
1560:
1557:
1544:
1541:
1536:
1533:
1474:
1471:
1459:Hyundai Trajet
1450:
1447:
1425:Nissan Elgrand
1406:Toyota Alphard
1386:Nissan Prairie
1371:Nissan Vanette
1363:Toyota TownAce
1320:Toyota Alphard
1317:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1300:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1286:Nissan Prairie
1283:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1183:
1181:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1147:
1144:
1136:Renault Scénic
1080:
1077:
1050:Renault Espace
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1020:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1003:
996:
995:
994:
986:
979:
978:
977:
972:Renault Espace
969:
962:
961:
960:
959:
958:
955:
954:
869:
867:
860:
854:
851:
769:demographics.
750:
747:
687:
684:
665:Nissan Vanette
638:General Motors
623:full-size vans
591:
588:
586:
583:
582:
581:
579:(2019–present)
574:
567:
565:
563:(2018–present)
558:
551:
549:
547:(2020–present)
542:
535:
533:
496:
493:
492:
491:
484:
477:
475:
468:
461:
459:
452:
445:
443:
436:
429:
386:The 1956–1969
348:
345:
304:
301:
277:Nissan Prairie
242:
239:
235:crossover SUVs
224:Renault Espace
214:
211:
209:
206:
199:full-size vans
189:
186:
161:Renault Espace
134:Renault Espace
37:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5577:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5518:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5481:Reciprocating
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5456:
5452:
5446:
5442:
5435:
5431:
5428:
5424:
5421:
5417:
5414:
5410:
5407:
5403:
5400:
5399:Rear mid-rear
5396:
5393:
5389:
5386:
5382:
5379:
5375:
5372:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5360:
5356:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5336:
5334:
5332:
5328:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5275:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5243:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5228:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5198:
5194:
5191:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5131:
5127:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5057:
5055:
5049:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5012:Station wagon
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4902:Coupé utility
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4845:
4841:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4738:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4716:Sport compact
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4689:
4685:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4658:
4656:
4652:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4628:
4627:Minivan / MPV
4624:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4596:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4498:
4493:
4486:
4481:
4479:
4474:
4472:
4467:
4466:
4463:
4447:
4443:
4439:
4438:
4434:
4433:
4413:
4409:
4403:
4388:
4384:
4377:
4361:
4357:
4351:
4335:
4331:
4325:
4310:
4306:
4300:
4284:
4280:
4274:
4258:
4254:
4248:
4233:
4229:
4222:
4207:
4206:autocar.co.uk
4203:
4197:
4181:
4177:
4171:
4156:
4152:
4145:
4143:
4134:
4130:
4124:
4116:
4112:
4105:
4090:
4086:
4079:
4064:
4060:
4053:
4038:
4034:
4028:
4013:
4012:zigwheels.com
4009:
4003:
3987:
3983:
3976:
3960:
3956:
3950:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3894:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3863:
3848:
3844:
3838:
3823:
3819:
3813:
3798:
3794:
3788:
3786:
3769:
3765:
3759:
3757:
3741:(in Japanese)
3740:
3736:
3730:
3714:
3710:
3704:
3689:(in Japanese)
3688:
3684:
3678:
3663:(in Japanese)
3662:
3658:
3652:
3637:(in Japanese)
3636:
3632:
3626:
3611:
3607:
3600:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3560:(in Japanese)
3559:
3555:
3548:
3532:
3531:自動車情報誌「ベストカー」
3528:
3522:
3506:
3502:
3495:
3479:
3478:自動車情報誌「ベストカー」
3475:
3469:
3454:(in Japanese)
3453:
3449:
3442:
3426:
3422:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3396:
3392:
3386:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3346:. 30 May 2000
3345:
3344:just-auto.com
3341:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3322:
3318:
3312:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3278:
3276:0-7603-1641-4
3272:
3268:
3261:
3246:
3245:parkers.co.uk
3242:
3236:
3220:
3216:
3210:
3194:
3190:
3184:
3169:
3165:
3158:
3143:
3139:
3133:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3099:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3033:
3029:
3022:
3007:
3003:
2996:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2973:
2957:
2953:
2947:
2931:
2924:
2922:
2905:
2901:
2895:
2879:
2878:oldmotors.net
2875:
2869:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2828:
2824:
2817:
2802:
2798:
2791:
2789:
2772:
2768:
2761:
2759:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2693:
2689:
2682:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2616:
2612:
2605:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2512:
2505:
2490:
2486:
2479:
2463:
2456:
2441:. 19 May 2018
2440:
2436:
2430:
2414:
2413:drivezing.com
2410:
2404:
2389:
2385:
2378:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2344:
2337:
2322:
2318:
2311:
2296:
2295:buyacar.co.uk
2292:
2286:
2271:
2267:
2260:
2258:
2242:
2238:
2232:
2217:
2213:
2206:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2112:
2108:
2101:
2095:
2093:
2076:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2044:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1995:
1983:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1964:
1957:
1953:
1946:Three-row SUV
1943:
1941:
1937:
1936:Toyota Innova
1933:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1912:body-on-frame
1909:
1906:(abbreviated
1905:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1815:(abbreviated
1814:
1806:
1801:
1794:
1790:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1675:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1637:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1565:Mercedes-Benz
1556:
1554:
1550:
1540:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1500:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1479:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1436:Honda Stepwgn
1433:
1432:Honda Odyssey
1428:
1426:
1422:
1421:Nissan Serena
1417:
1415:
1412:minivan, the
1411:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1397:Toyota Estima
1393:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1333:
1321:
1314:
1304:
1303:Honda Odyssey
1297:
1287:
1280:
1265:
1262:
1254:
1251:February 2022
1243:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1212: –
1211:
1207:
1206:Find sources:
1200:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1184:This section
1182:
1178:
1173:
1172:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1117:Fiat Multipla
1114:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1102:SEAT Alhambra
1099:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1036:
1034:
1024:
1017:
1007:
1000:
990:
983:
973:
966:
951:
948:
940:
937:February 2022
929:
926:
922:
919:
915:
912:
908:
905:
901:
898: –
897:
893:
892:Find sources:
886:
882:
876:
875:
870:This section
868:
864:
859:
858:
850:
848:
844:
840:
836:
831:
829:
825:
821:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
793:Ford Freestar
790:
783:
782:Ford Freestar
778:
774:
770:
768:
760:
755:
746:
744:
740:
739:Toyota Sienna
736:
735:Toyota Previa
731:
729:
725:
724:Nissan Axxess
720:
718:
714:
709:
708:Ford Windstar
705:
697:
696:Toyota Sienna
692:
683:
680:
677:
674:In 1989, the
672:
670:
666:
662:
657:
655:
651:
650:Ford Aerostar
647:
643:
639:
634:
632:
631:station wagon
628:
624:
619:
617:
616:Dodge Caravan
613:
609:
601:
600:Dodge Caravan
596:
577:
571:
566:
561:
560:Honda Odyssey
555:
550:
545:
544:Toyota Sienna
539:
534:
531:
530:
529:
527:
523:
522:Honda Odyssey
519:
515:
511:
510:Toyota Sienna
505:
503:
495:North America
487:
481:
476:
471:
465:
460:
455:
449:
444:
439:
433:
428:
427:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:Fiat Multipla
384:
381:
378:In 1950, the
376:
374:
370:
366:
361:
358:
354:
344:
342:
338:
337:Ottoman seats
333:
331:
327:
323:
322:Honda Odyssey
314:
309:
300:
298:
294:
293:Ford Aerostar
290:
286:
282:
278:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
252:
251:Honda Odyssey
247:
238:
236:
231:
229:
225:
221:
205:
202:
200:
195:
185:
183:
179:
175:
170:
169:station wagon
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
130:Dodge Caravan
127:
123:
119:
115:
114:Ford Aerostar
111:
107:
106:full-size van
102:
100:
99:station wagon
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
57:
52:
48:
44:
34:
30:
19:
5560:Compact MPVs
5321:Twelve-wheel
5278:Drive wheels
5051:Specialized
4972:Pickup truck
4877:Cabrio coach
4721:Sports sedan
4696:Grand tourer
4626:
4450:. Retrieved
4416:. Retrieved
4411:
4402:
4390:. Retrieved
4386:
4376:
4364:. Retrieved
4359:
4350:
4338:. Retrieved
4333:
4324:
4312:. Retrieved
4308:
4299:
4287:. Retrieved
4282:
4273:
4261:. Retrieved
4256:
4247:
4235:. Retrieved
4231:
4221:
4209:. Retrieved
4205:
4196:
4184:. Retrieved
4179:
4170:
4158:. Retrieved
4154:
4132:
4123:
4115:drive.com.au
4114:
4104:
4092:. Retrieved
4088:
4078:
4066:. Retrieved
4062:
4052:
4040:. Retrieved
4036:
4027:
4015:. Retrieved
4011:
4002:
3990:. Retrieved
3985:
3975:
3963:. Retrieved
3958:
3949:
3937:. Retrieved
3932:
3923:
3913:27 September
3911:. Retrieved
3902:
3893:
3883:27 September
3881:. Retrieved
3872:
3862:
3850:. Retrieved
3847:statista.com
3846:
3837:
3825:. Retrieved
3822:china.org.cn
3821:
3812:
3800:. Retrieved
3796:
3772:. Retrieved
3767:
3743:. Retrieved
3738:
3729:
3717:. Retrieved
3712:
3703:
3691:. Retrieved
3686:
3677:
3665:. Retrieved
3660:
3651:
3639:. Retrieved
3634:
3625:
3613:. Retrieved
3609:
3599:
3587:. Retrieved
3583:
3574:
3562:. Retrieved
3558:webcartop.jp
3557:
3547:
3535:. Retrieved
3530:
3521:
3509:. Retrieved
3504:
3494:
3482:. Retrieved
3477:
3468:
3456:. Retrieved
3451:
3441:
3429:. Retrieved
3424:
3398:. Retrieved
3394:
3385:
3373:. Retrieved
3369:
3360:
3348:. Retrieved
3343:
3320:
3311:
3299:. Retrieved
3294:
3285:
3266:
3260:
3248:. Retrieved
3244:
3235:
3223:. Retrieved
3218:
3209:
3197:. Retrieved
3192:
3183:
3171:. Retrieved
3167:
3157:
3145:. Retrieved
3142:autoblog.com
3141:
3132:
3120:. Retrieved
3108:
3098:
3086:. Retrieved
3082:topspeed.com
3081:
3072:
3060:. Retrieved
3056:
3047:
3035:. Retrieved
3031:
3028:"Kia Sedona"
3021:
3009:. Retrieved
3005:
2995:
2987:the original
2982:
2972:
2960:. Retrieved
2955:
2946:
2934:. Retrieved
2908:. Retrieved
2903:
2894:
2882:. Retrieved
2877:
2868:
2856:. Retrieved
2852:
2843:
2831:. Retrieved
2826:
2816:
2804:. Retrieved
2800:
2775:. Retrieved
2770:
2745:. Retrieved
2742:autoblog.com
2741:
2732:
2720:. Retrieved
2716:
2707:
2695:. Retrieved
2691:
2681:
2669:. Retrieved
2644:. Retrieved
2639:
2630:
2618:. Retrieved
2614:
2604:
2592:. Retrieved
2587:
2578:
2566:. Retrieved
2561:
2552:
2540:. Retrieved
2536:
2527:
2515:. Retrieved
2504:
2492:. Retrieved
2488:
2478:
2466:. Retrieved
2455:
2443:. Retrieved
2438:
2429:
2417:. Retrieved
2412:
2403:
2391:. Retrieved
2387:
2377:
2365:. Retrieved
2361:
2351:
2336:
2324:. Retrieved
2320:
2310:
2298:. Retrieved
2294:
2285:
2273:. Retrieved
2269:
2244:. Retrieved
2240:
2231:
2219:. Retrieved
2215:
2205:
2193:. Retrieved
2189:the original
2184:
2175:
2165:17 September
2163:. Retrieved
2158:
2149:
2139:17 September
2137:. Retrieved
2132:
2122:
2111:the original
2106:
2079:. Retrieved
2075:ec.europa.eu
2074:
2047:. Retrieved
2043:ec.europa.eu
2042:
2015:. Retrieved
2010:
2001:
1993:
1986:. Retrieved
1976:
1959:
1921:
1914:chassis and
1907:
1903:
1901:
1864:
1837:
1825:Matra Rancho
1820:
1816:
1812:
1810:
1793:Matra Rancho
1767:
1763:
1759:
1725:
1717:Fiat Fiorino
1714:
1710:
1593:
1589:
1562:
1548:
1546:
1538:
1519:
1508:
1496:
1467:
1455:Kia Carnival
1452:
1444:
1440:Honda Stream
1429:
1418:
1394:
1383:
1367:Toyota HiAce
1352:
1327:
1257:
1248:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1205:
1193:Please help
1188:verification
1185:
1149:
1133:
1129:overcapacity
1125:
1110:
1082:
1062:
1058:Matra Rancho
1047:
1030:
943:
934:
924:
917:
910:
903:
891:
879:Please help
874:verification
871:
832:
817:
803:(a rebadged
786:
771:
763:
732:
728:Nissan Quest
721:
700:
681:
673:
658:
635:
626:
620:
604:
526:Kia Carnival
506:
498:
438:Stout Scarab
404:
385:
377:
362:
357:Stout Scarab
352:
350:
347:Predecessors
334:
318:
274:
255:
232:
216:
203:
193:
191:
146:
110:car platform
103:
82:
78:
74:
66:
62:
61:
47:
5471:Four-stroke
5371:Front-front
5311:Eight-wheel
5286:Front-wheel
5218:Natural gas
5203:Fossil fuel
5158:Biogasoline
4844:Body styles
4772:Vintage car
4452:24 November
4412:Motor Trend
4340:27 February
4289:27 February
4263:27 February
3965:27 February
3939:27 February
3802:27 February
3295:topgear.com
2936:26 December
2910:26 December
2367:6 September
2195:28 February
2185:Auto Trader
1896:Toyota Revo
1875:Peugeot 206
1871:Opel Meriva
1743:Compact MPV
1737:Compact MPV
1706:(2003–2017)
1703:Opel Meriva
1553:fiscal year
1551:or MPV. In
1499:Shanghai GM
1449:South Korea
1379:Mazda Bongo
1158:and others.
1152:Opel Zafira
1098:Ford Galaxy
610:, the 1984
500:models use
489:(1956–1969)
473:(1950–1967)
457:(1949–1962)
441:(1936–1942)
400:cab forward
396:rear engine
341:bench seats
279:, the 1996
138:compact MPV
5549:Categories
5496:Two-stroke
5392:Front-rear
5385:Rear-front
5301:Four-wheel
5291:Rear-wheel
5130:Propulsion
5120:Voiturette
5105:Flying car
5100:Police car
5065:Amphibious
4977:Quad coupé
4867:Berlinetta
4584:Street rod
4526:Subcompact
4160:21 October
4008:"MUV Cars"
3687:Yahoo!ニュース
3511:23 October
3366:"トヨタのミニバン"
2833:23 October
2537:J.D. Power
2517:2 December
2494:2 December
2468:2 December
2439:tflcar.com
1988:17 January
1969:References
1950:See also:
1867:Fiat Doblò
1844:subcompact
1768:Examples:
1726:Examples:
1674:Hongqi HQ9
1620:Volvo EM90
1608:Hongqi HQ9
1355:mid-engine
1221:newspapers
1093:Sevel Nord
1087:series of
907:newspapers
839:Ford C-Max
820:Kia Sedona
767:soccer mom
694:1998–2000
661:Toyota Van
646:GMC Safari
608:S platform
411:Greenbrier
394:and had a
311:A cutaway
295:, and the
241:Body style
174:crossovers
165:model year
5565:Mini MPVs
5406:Rear-rear
5316:Ten-wheel
5306:Six-wheel
5296:Two-wheel
5208:Fuel cell
5148:Biodiesel
5115:Tow truck
5090:Pedal car
5070:Connected
5042:Vis-à-vis
5017:Targa top
4962:Panel van
4957:Notchback
4937:Limousine
4927:Landaulet
4917:Hatchback
4862:Barchetta
4830:S-segment
4825:M-segment
4820:J-segment
4815:F-segment
4810:E-segment
4805:D-segment
4800:C-segment
4795:B-segment
4790:A-segment
4701:Hot hatch
4678:Coupe SUV
4612:Executive
4574:Lead sled
4551:Full-size
4531:Supermini
3713:webcg.net
3446:交通タイムス社.
3425:gazoo.com
3370:toyota.jp
3350:15 August
3168:USA Today
3117:1059-1028
2107:europa.eu
2007:"minivan"
1848:mini MPVs
1840:supermini
1821:ludospace
1624:Zeekr 009
1604:Buick GL8
1535:Indonesia
1526:Zeekr 009
1503:Buick GL8
1497:In 1999,
1492:Zeekr 009
1427:in 1997.
1210:"Minivan"
1048:The 1984
896:"Minivan"
828:Kia Rondo
676:Mazda MPV
423:Chevy Van
332:in 2005.
270:wheelbase
192:The term
188:Etymology
91:hatchback
87:sedan car
83:M-segment
18:M-segment
5555:Minivans
5529:Category
5506:W engine
5491:Straight
5248:Hydrogen
5213:Fuel gas
5178:Electric
5053:vehicles
4992:Runabout
4942:Microvan
4932:Liftback
4922:Kammback
4907:Fastback
4882:Cab over
4872:Brougham
4617:Personal
4589:T-bucket
4579:Lowrider
4546:Mid-size
4446:Archived
3907:Archived
3877:Archived
3797:0car.top
3635:くるまのニュース
3610:visor.ph
3057:Autoblog
2747:31 March
2722:31 March
2445:30 March
2419:30 March
2388:Hemmings
2246:30 March
1852:liftgate
1694:Mini MPV
1688:Mini MPV
1658:Lexus LM
1622:and the
1600:Lexus LM
1529:electric
1414:Lexus LM
1359:cab over
1332:Japanese
1089:Eurovans
402:layout.
392:Fiat 600
326:Chrysler
303:Interior
285:liftgate
226:and the
149:Chrysler
142:mini MPV
43:Mini Van
5501:V (Vee)
5476:H-block
5242:plug-in
5240: (
5225: (
5195: (
5193:Ethanol
5182:battery
5180: (
5153:Biofuel
5143:Autogas
5110:Taxicab
5085:Gyrocar
5080:Go-kart
5027:Touring
5022:Torpedo
4967:Phaeton
4947:Minibus
4912:Hardtop
4757:Economy
4752:Classic
4747:Antique
4731:Go-kart
4663:Compact
4640:Leisure
4635:Compact
4569:Hot rod
4541:Compact
4509:By size
4418:4 March
4392:4 March
4366:4 March
4314:4 March
4237:4 March
4211:4 March
4186:2 March
4094:6 March
4068:6 March
4042:6 March
4017:6 March
3992:6 March
3852:6 March
3827:6 March
3774:7 March
3745:2 March
3719:2 March
3693:2 March
3667:2 March
3641:2 March
3615:10 June
3589:10 June
3584:Autocar
3564:2 March
3537:2 March
3484:2 March
3458:2 March
3431:2 March
3400:2 March
3375:2 March
3301:3 April
3250:2 March
3225:2 March
3199:11 June
3173:4 March
3147:4 March
3122:4 March
3088:2 March
3062:2 March
3037:2 March
3011:6 March
2962:6 March
2884:2 March
2858:2 March
2697:26 July
2646:2 March
2620:3 March
2594:2 March
2568:4 March
2562:Togo RV
2542:4 March
2393:26 July
2326:26 July
2300:4 March
2216:Gizmodo
2081:3 March
2049:3 March
1940:unibody
1860:H-point
1345:Miniban
1340:Hepburn
1235:scholar
1039:History
921:scholar
585:History
419:Corvair
353:minivan
262:one-box
258:two-box
213:Chassis
194:minivan
157:Renault
126:H-point
69:) is a
63:Minivan
33:Midibus
29:Minibus
5524:Portal
5511:Wankel
5436:
5432:
5429:
5425:
5422:
5418:
5415:
5411:
5408:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5376:
5373:
5359:Layout
5238:Hybrid
5173:Diesel
5163:Biogas
4857:Baquet
4706:Muscle
4688:Sports
4599:Luxury
4561:Custom
4536:Family
4494:design
4435:Videos
3903:Gasgoo
3273:
3115:
2932:. CNBC
2692:Allpar
2321:Forbes
2275:17 May
2017:30 May
1772:
1730:
1581:Hongqi
1410:luxury
1402:hybrid
1237:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1208:
1140:Mégane
1104:, and
923:
916:
909:
902:
894:
853:Europe
835:Mazda5
667:, and
524:, and
415:Falcon
155:) and
5461:Boxer
5339:Front
5268:Steam
5037:T-top
4892:Coupe
4740:Other
4726:Super
4516:Micro
3109:Wired
2806:2 May
2777:2 May
2671:2 May
2221:2 May
2114:(PDF)
2103:(PDF)
2071:(PDF)
2039:(PDF)
1573:Buick
1569:Lexus
1543:India
1522:Zeekr
1473:China
1318:2023
1301:2000
1284:1982
1242:JSTOR
1228:books
1167:Japan
1146:2000s
1079:1990s
1044:1980s
1021:2020
1004:2004
987:2001
970:1989
928:JSTOR
914:books
780:2004
757:2017
686:1990s
598:1985
260:or a
159:(the
81:) or
5466:Flat
5349:Rear
4711:Pony
4673:Mini
4645:Mini
4454:2020
4420:2022
4394:2022
4368:2022
4342:2022
4316:2022
4291:2022
4265:2022
4239:2022
4213:2022
4188:2022
4162:2018
4096:2022
4070:2022
4044:2022
4019:2022
3994:2022
3967:2022
3941:2022
3915:2022
3885:2022
3854:2022
3829:2022
3804:2022
3776:2022
3747:2022
3721:2022
3695:2022
3669:2022
3643:2022
3617:2023
3591:2023
3566:2022
3539:2022
3513:2018
3486:2022
3460:2022
3433:2022
3402:2022
3377:2022
3352:2023
3303:2019
3271:ISBN
3252:2022
3227:2022
3201:2022
3175:2022
3149:2022
3124:2022
3113:ISSN
3090:2022
3064:2022
3039:2022
3013:2022
2964:2022
2938:2015
2912:2015
2886:2022
2860:2022
2835:2018
2808:2017
2779:2016
2749:2019
2724:2019
2699:2022
2673:2016
2648:2022
2622:2022
2596:2022
2570:2022
2544:2022
2519:2020
2496:2020
2470:2020
2447:2019
2421:2019
2395:2022
2369:2014
2328:2022
2302:2022
2277:2024
2248:2019
2223:2016
2197:2012
2167:2020
2141:2020
2083:2019
2051:2019
2019:2017
1990:2021
1954:and
1930:and
1831:and
1719:and
1579:and
1384:The
1377:and
1336:ミニバン
1214:news
1162:Asia
900:news
845:and
818:The
644:and
614:and
409:and
398:and
371:, a
363:The
178:SUVs
176:and
140:and
132:and
116:and
54:The
5344:Mid
5197:E85
5187:NEV
4852:2+2
4767:Van
4762:Ute
4655:SUV
4521:Kei
4492:Car
1908:AUV
1902:An
1842:or
1817:LAV
1577:BMW
1197:by
1033:van
883:by
824:Kia
633:."
97:or
95:SUV
75:MPV
67:van
31:or
5551::
4782:EU
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