138:. Berg called it "not bad or unoriginal" but added that "the broth in the kettle of this opera, that is, in the orchestra, is too watered down". Like Berg, he used selected scenes from the play, added a lengthy elegy after Wozzeck's death, and added an epilogue. He used an offstage choir of sopranos that, in addition to commenting on the action, began and ended the opera with the text "we poor people". Unlike Berg, he provided a distinct musical setting for each scene without connecting interludes. In another assessment, "Musically, he stands closer to Strauss and Hindemith than to Schoenberg. His instrumentation is less sophisticated and complex than Berg's; his orchestra is subordinated to an accompanying role in the drama".
200:. His mother Annarella tried to satisfy the Nazis of his non-Jewish heritage by certifying first that his Jewish paternal grandmother had converted to Protestantism and second that Gurlitt was not the son of Fritz Gurlitt, but of Willi Waldecker, the man Annarella married not long after Fritz died in 1893. Manfred Gurlitt was accepted as a member of the Nazi party on 1 May 1933. He was ejected from the party by court order on 3 May 1937. The court declared that Gurlitt was a "Jew of Mixed Race of the 2nd Order". German authorities frustrated his attempts to secure a teaching position in Japan for months, until he managed win readmission to the
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ed. Don M. Randel - 1996 Page 341 "Gurlitt, Manfred (b. Berlin, 6 Sept. 1890; d. Tokyo, 29 Apr. 1973). Composer and conductor. He studied in Berlin with
Humperdinck and began his career in opera as a rehearsal pianist and coach in 1908; was assistant conductor at Bayreuth
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Michael
Kennedy, Joyce Bourne - 2004 Page 310 "Gurlitt, Manfred (b Berlin, 1890; d Tokyo, 1973). Ger. composer and conductor. Cond. at Essen 1911–12, Augsburg 1912–14, and Bremen 1914–27. His comps. were banned by the Nazis. Went to Japan 1939, forming Gurlitt Opera
204:(State Music Institute) and proposed a trip abroad for "study, observation, and documentary" activities. He emigrated in April 1939 and arrived in Yokohama, Japan, with his third wife on 23 May. Japan was then an ally of Germany, both soon to become parties to the
247:. Gurlitt's attitude to the Nazi regime remained equivocal, and he was a regular guest at the German Embassy in Tokyo. In 1952 he founded the Gurlitt Opera Company in Tokyo, which had for its official opening the Japan premier of Mozart's
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Gurlitt's work attracted much attention at the time and marked the zenith of
Gurlitt's career. Malicious gossip, charges of "debauchery and loose living", caused him to move to Berlin in 1927 where he taught at the
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Gurlitt's music was banned by the Nazis when they assumed power, but his presence in Berlin was tolerated as he undertook to bring his music in line with the aesthetics of the
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566:, Peter Schöne, Ilia Papandreou, Dario Süß, Julia Neumann, Opernchor Erfurt, Philharmonisches Orchester Erfurt, Enrico Calesso, Crystal 2010.
542:, Roland Hermann, Mari Midorikawa, Akiya Fukushima, Mitsuya Okubo, Saturo Omachi, Nikikai Chorus Group, Yomiuri Nippon Symphony Orchestra,
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Gurlitt conducted the world premiere of his Violin
Concerto, written many years earlier, with the Tokyo Philharmonic on 1 February 1955.
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70:" and whose holdings of art works looted from Jews during the years of Nazi rule came to light in the 21st century.
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In 1955 he returned to
Germany for a tour conducting his own works, but it was not a success. His idiom was judged
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had its belated premiere in
Dortmund, where it enjoyed a "modest success". It was staged in Bordeaux in 1967.
315:. He ceased to compose and never returned to Germany, bitter at the neglect of his music in post-war Germany.
232:
216:
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556:, Thomas Harper, Urban Malmberg, Celina Lindsley, Robert Wörle, Rundfunkchor Berlin, Deutsches SO Berlin,
30:(6 September 1890 – 29 April 1972) was a German opera composer and conductor. He studied composition with
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235:. In these positions he presented the Japanese premieres of many works from the standard repertoire by
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in Japan. Other
Japanese premieres he produced and conducted, and sometimes directed, included
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included many who distinguished themselves in the arts. Manfred was the cousin of musicologist
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Manfred Ludwig Hugo
Andreas Gurlitt was born in Berlin on 6 September 1890 to the art dealer
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in Bremen to encourage avant-garde and rarely heard pre-classical works. His first opera
66:(1895–1956), an art dealer who was one of a very few authorized by the Nazis to deal in "
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311:. On 28 February 1958 in Tokyo he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross of the
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premiered with
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Commanders
Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
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658:"For Son of a Nazi-Era Dealer, a Private Life Amid a Tainted Trove of Art"
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Drei politische Reden for baritone, male choir and big orchestra (1946–47)
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for two years. in 1914 he was given the post of first conductor at the
552:, Michael Burt, Michelle Breedt, Claudia Barainsky, Katherina MĂĽller,
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Piano Concerto in A Major (Chamber concerto no. 1) op. 20 (1927)
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opera in a prologue, 4 acts, and sequel (1934-1936/1942-1945)
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in February 1953. In 1957, it presented the first staging of
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609:"Manfred Gurlitt and the Japanese Operatic Scene, 1939-1972"
546:, Tokyo 7. 11. 2000, Yomiuri Nippon Symphony Orchestra 2000.
185:, also written 1933, but not premiered till 1937. Gurlitt's
113:, set in 12th-century Japan, premiered in Bremen in 1920.
325:
In 1969 he was awarded an honorary professorship at the
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Higgins, Andrew; Bennhold, Katrin (November 17, 2013).
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and in 1911 acted as musical assistant to Karl Muck at
50:(1854-1893) and Annarella Gurlitt (1856-1935). The
825:. Orpheus Publications Limited. 2005. p. 169.
223:Gurlitt became active as an opera conductor with
58:(1889-1963) and the great-nephew of the composer
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426:opera in 3 acts (1934-1936) after Paul Knudsen
231:. In 1940, he became Musical Director of the
146:and conducted for the Staatsoper, Krolloper,
909:The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music
762:. Manchester University Press. p. 138.
734:Georg BĂĽchner: The Complete Collected Works
85:. From 1908 to 1910, he was a coach at the
93:. In 1911-12, he was second conductor in
16:German and Japanese conductor (1890–1972)
878:. Oxford University Press. p. 379.
532:, Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin,
313:German Federal Republic's order of merit
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150:'s Deutsches Theater, and Berlin Radio.
38:. He spent most of his career in Japan.
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754:Erik Levi, "Opera in the Nazi Period",
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461:Violin Concerto in F Major (after 1934)
181:he took on a subject similar to Berg's
73:He studied composition for a time with
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902:The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music
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708:. Princeton University Press. p.
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635:(Vienna: Universal Edition, 2004),
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492:for soprano and orchestra (1946–52)
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336:on 29 April 1972 at the age of 82.
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971:20th-century German male musicians
360:'musical legend' in 3 parts after
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794:, notes to Phoenix Edition CD 114
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343:was performed in Nantes in 2001.
936:20th-century classical composers
438:opera in 4 acts (1934/44) after
408:opera in 4 acts (1931/32) after
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292:Die Meistersinger von NĂĽrnberg
215:Gurlitt in rehearsal with the
177:, which premiered in 1965. In
157:(1930) based the 1776 play by
144:Charlottenburg Musikhochschule
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961:20th-century German composers
872:Macy, Laura Williams (2008).
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286:Die EntfĂĽhrung aus dem Serail
700:Hailey, Christopher (2010).
233:Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra
217:Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra
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946:German male opera composers
615:(2006) 18:215-248, esp. 216
398:9 November 1930, DĂĽsseldorf
394:Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz
159:Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz
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823:Classical Record Collector
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704:Alban Berg and His World
631:Peter Gnoss, "Preface",
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759:Theatre Under the Nazis
736:(Avon Books, 1977), 391
646:, accessed 7 March 2014
418:16 April 1958, Dortmund
366:27 January 1920, Bremen
132:opera of the same title
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23:Manfred Gurlitt in 1942
941:German opera composers
844:Galliano, pp. 231, 237
745:Galliano, pp. 217, 237
392:opera in 3 acts after
327:Showa College of Music
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175:Bernd Alois Zimmermann
77:and music theory with
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956:Musicians from Berlin
756:London, John (2000).
382:22 April 1926, Bremen
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107:Society for New Music
75:Engelbert Humperdinck
62:. Another cousin was
32:Engelbert Humperdinck
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803:Galliano, pp. 229-30
477:Shakespeare Symphony
34:and conducting with
835:Galliano, pp. 237-8
782:Galliano, p. 218-20
681:Galliano, pp. 216-7
607:Galliano, Luciana.
587:Publisher's website
524:, Celina Lindsley,
490:Four Dramatic Songs
318:In 1958, his opera
208:in September 1940.
103:Bremen Stadttheater
642:2014-03-08 at the
504:The Wicked Carabel
446:Wir schreitten aus
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189:had a libretto by
87:Berlin Court Opera
64:Hildebrand Gurlitt
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885:978-0-19-533765-5
732:Henry J. Schmidt,
690:Galliano, pp. 218
633:Gurlitt's Wozzeck
536:, Capriccio 1993.
436:Nordische Ballade
256:Der Rosenkavalier
202:Reichsmusikkammer
60:Cornelius Gurlitt
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453:Orchestral works
442:/Manfred Gurlitt
424:Nächtlicher Spuk
227:'s company, the
165:(1932) based on
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931:1972 deaths
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896:Works cited
554:Thomas Mohr
484:Vocal works
358:Die Heilige
332:He died in
198:Third Reich
111:Die Heilige
920:Categories
512:Recordings
410:Émile Zola
171:Émile Zola
136:Alban Berg
116:His opera
97:, then in
479:(1952–54)
470:(1938–39)
206:Axis Pact
167:the novel
153:He wrote
83:Hugo Kaun
36:Karl Muck
667:March 7,
640:Archived
550:Soldaten
414:Max Brod
389:Soldaten
341:Soldaten
301:(1962).
289:(1956),
283:(1955),
277:(1953),
271:(1951),
268:Falstaff
265:(1949),
191:Max Brod
124:the play
99:Augsburg
91:Bayreuth
540:Wozzeck
518:Wozzeck
373:Wozzeck
280:Werther
119:Wozzeck
882:
766:
716:
507:(1935)
448:(1958)
430:Warum?
352:Operas
298:Salome
274:Otello
243:, and
241:Wagner
237:Mozart
219:, 1942
122:after
593:Notes
497:Films
347:Works
334:Tokyo
309:passé
95:Essen
912:..."
905:Co."
880:ISBN
764:ISBN
714:ISBN
669:2014
564:Nana
405:Nana
339:His
320:Nana
187:Nana
183:Lulu
179:Nana
163:Nana
161:and
81:and
42:Life
169:by
134:by
126:by
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620:^
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412:/
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