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599:, who advised her that the Spanish people would rally behind Carlos. Acting on this, she coerced Ferdinand VII into signing a decree making her regent if he died, with Carlos as her chief adviser. Carlos refused, demanding total governance. Calomarde, with Maria Francisca and Maria Theresa, reissued his warning, coercing King and Queen into repealing the Pragmatic Sanction. When Ferdinand VII appeared to have died, the repealing was announced publicly, and Maria Christina deserted by her courtiers. Ferdinand VII was discovered to be alive, and news of this also spread. Luisa Carlotta, at that time in
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Eventually, news of Maria
Christina's marriage to this low-ranking soldier became public. That news made Maria Christina deeply unpopular. Her position was undermined by news of her remarriage and concerns that she was not actually supportive of her liberal ministers and their policies. Eventually,
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Muñoz enlisted in the royal bodyguard, and attracted the attention of Maria
Christina. According to one account, he distinguished himself by stopping the runaway horses of her carriage; according to another, he only picked up her handkerchief; a third, scandalous explanation of his fortune has been
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If Maria
Christina had officially made the marriage public, she would have forfeited the regency; but her relations with Muñoz were perfectly well known within the Spanish court. When on 13 August 1836 the soldiers on duty at the La Granja summer palace mutinied and forced the regent to grant a
595:. On the trip to La Granja, Ferdinand VII was badly injured by a coach accident. He became ill and increasingly sick over the summer. At one point, Ferdinand VII was found unconscious at the palace chapel. Seeking counsel in the event of Ferdinand VII's death, Maria approached the Carlist
704:). Some supporters of Don Carlos went so far as to claim that Ferdinand had actually bequeathed the crown to his brother but that Maria Christina had suppressed that fact. It was further alleged that the Queen had signed her dead husband's name to a decree recognizing Isabella as heir.
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for their daughter
Isabella. Isabella's claim to the throne was disputed by Carlos, who claimed that his brother Ferdinand had unlawfully changed the succession law to permit females to inherit the crown again (see
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combined to demand that Maria
Christina stand aside from the regency. In 1840 Maria Christina found her position intolerable; she renounced the regency and left Spain with Muñoz. The army commander, General
531:, who tasked the King with remarriage. Following Luisa Carlotta's suggestion, Ferdinand VII sent for Maria Christina, his niece, who pleased the King's eyes. The two were wed on 12 December 1829 at the
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711:. Despite considerable support for Carlos from conservative elements in Spain, Cristina's side (also known as "Isabelinos") successfully retained the throne for her daughter.
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845:. On 12 October 1844 Isabella gave official consent to the marriage between her mother and Muñoz, and it was publicly performed. In 1846 Isabella made Muñoz a
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reversed this law with the
Pragmatic Sanction. Seeking to secure the succession of an heir of his siring, no matter their gender, Ferdinand VII announced the
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as her residence. In 1843, on the overthrow of
General Baldomero Espartero she returned to Spain with her husband. In 1844, Muñoz's stepdaughter
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Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et
Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans
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On 28 December 1833, shortly after the death of
Ferdinand VII, Maria Christina secretly married an ex-sergeant from the royal guard,
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Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.
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constitution, it was generally, though wrongly, believed that they overcame her reluctance by seizing Muñoz, whom they called her
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on 22 August 1878. As the mother of
Isabella II and consort of Ferdinand VII, Maria Christina was buried in the royal crypt of
873:. In 1854, Maria Christina left for France a second time. France remained her primary residence for the remainder of her life.
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of the kingdom from 1833, when her daughter became queen at age two, to 1840. By virtue of her short marriage to King
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With her betrothal and then marriage to Ferdinand VII, Maria Christina became embroiled in the conflict between the
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723:(1808–1873). Maria Christina and Muñoz had several children together while trying to keep their marriage a secret.
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764:(27 April 1838 – 7 December 1910); married Eladia Bernaldo de QuirĂłs y González de Cienfuegos (1839–1909).
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and highly conservative, and derived their name from the Carlos's, who they favored for the throne. Using King
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Maria Christina's illness returned and she suffered from serious coughing, fainting and fever. She died in
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Maria de los Milagros, Marchioness of Castillejo (8 November 1835 – 9 July 1903); married
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In July 1832, Maria Christina, Ferdinand VII, their daughters, Maria Francisca and Carlos, and
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the army, which was the backbone of Isabella II's support, and the liberal leadership in the
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died on 29 September 1833, and on 28 December 1833 she and Muñoz were privately married.
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in 1829, the blue of the cloak she wore became their official color. The latter were
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a little over a year later on 30 January 1832. However, in a secret session of the
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was declared to be of age. On 23 June 1844 Isabella gave to Muñoz the title
1675:] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 9.
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1570:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 281.
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Jose Maria, Count of Gracia (21 December 1843 – 17 December 1863)
841:; the title came from the River Riánsares, near Muñoz's birthplace in
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Juan Bautista, Count of Recuerdo (29 August 1841 – 2 April 1863)
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Minority of Isabella II of Spain § The regency of Maria Christina
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For other people called Maria Christina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, see
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Maria Cristina Ferdinanda di Borbone, Principessa delle Due Sicilie
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527:. Ferdinand VII declared his intention to marry and assembled the
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When Ferdinand died on 29 September 1833, Maria Christina became
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Maria Cristina, Archduchess Peter Ferdinand of Austria-Tuscany
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Maria Immaculata, Archduchess Karl Salvator of Austria-Tuscany
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1622:. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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Bastardos y Borbones: Los hijos desconocidos de la dinastĂa
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Prince Filippo Massimiliano Del Drago of Mazzano and Antuni
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Antonio Muñoz y de BorbĂłn (3 November 1842 – 1847)
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Maria Christina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (disambiguation)
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Maria Annunciata, Archduchess Charles Louis of Austria
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was known as the Prince del Drago in New York society.
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MarĂa Cristina de BorbĂłn, Princesa de las Dos Sicilias
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Maria Amalia, Infanta Sebastian of Portugal and Spain
869:; he also invested Muñoz with the Grand Cross of the
730:(17 November 1834 - 19 August 1864); married Prince
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Luisa Carlotta, Infanta Francisco de Paula of Spain
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Maria de los Desamparados, Countess of Vista Alegre
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1636:Navarrete MartĂnez, Esperanza Navarrete MartĂnez.
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1584:Elenco de Grandezas y TĂtulos Nobilarios Españoles
762:Fernando Maria, 2nd Duke of Riansares and Tarancon
2325:Maria Immaculata, Princess Johann Georg of Saxony
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905:Ancestors of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
849:. On 30 May 1846 she gave Muñoz a second title,
353:MarĂa Amparo Muñoz, 1st Countess of Vista Alegre
2463:Burials in the Pantheon of Kings at El Escorial
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1731:Royal Vendetta: The Crown of Spain, 1829–1965
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303:AgustĂn Fernando Muñoz, 1st Duke of Riánsares
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2335:Maria di Grazia, Princess Imperial of Brazil
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1562:Riansares, Augustin Fernandez Muñoz, Duke of
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768:Maria Cristina, Marchioness of La Isabella
447:; 27 April 1806 – 22 August 1878) was the
368:Maria Cristina, Marchioness of La Isabella
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2304:Maria Carolina, Countess Andrzej Zamoyski
2176:Generations are numbered by descent from
1460:Learn how and when to remove this message
821:Queen Maria Christina of Spain in old age
770:(19 April 1840 – 19 December 1921).
665:Learn how and when to remove this message
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
2382:Princess InĂ©s MarĂa, Duchess of Syracuse
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317: 1833; died 1873)
292: 1829; died 1833)
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1613:"Francis I. of the Two Sicilies"
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681:Maria Christina - Regent of Spain, by
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1586:. Madrid: Ediciones Hidalguia, 1996;
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1786:Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
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533:Basilica of Nuestra Señora de Atocha
388:Maria Cristina Ferdinanda di Borbone
363:Fernando Muñoz, 2nd Duke of Tarancón
173:11 December 1829 – 29 September 1833
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
2212:Maria Antonia, Princess of Asturias
1979:Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
1777:Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
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756:AgustĂn Maria, 1st Duke of TarancĂłn
433:Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
358:AgustĂn Muñoz, 1st Duke of TarancĂłn
190:29 September 1833 - 12 October 1840
142:Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
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1136:Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies
863:Louis Philippe, King of the French
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2263:Maria Carolina, Duchess of Aumale
2207:Maria Amalia, Queen of the French
2202:Maria Cristina, Queen of Sardinia
2192:Maria Theresa, Holy Roman Empress
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463:model of government based on the
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1638:"MarĂa de la O Isabel de BorbĂłn"
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582:Pragmatic Sanction in March 1830
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27:Queen of Spain from 1829 to 1833
2366:Mercedes, Countess of Barcelona
2238:Maria Christina, Queen of Spain
2197:Luisa, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
957:Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
589:Maria Teresa, Princess of Beira
314:
289:
52:needs additional citations for
2294:Maria Luisa, Countess of Bardi
1987:Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony
1939:Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg
1761: (archived March 17, 2006)
1522:
758:(15 March 1837 - 15 July 1855)
748:(1824–1913). Their fourth son
509:Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony
13:
1:
1791:House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
1719:
1642:Diccionario biográfico España
1052:Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
1016:Francis I of the Two Sicilies
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469:Spanish Royal Statute of 1834
465:Bourbon Restoration in France
415:Francis I of the Two Sicilies
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1931:SophĂa of Greece and Denmark
1646:Real Academia de la Historia
7:
2423:19th-century Spanish people
2289:Maria Pia, Duchess of Parma
1414:
1402:
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847:Knight of the Golden Fleece
714:
10:
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2438:19th-century women regents
2428:19th-century Spanish women
2228:Caroline, Duchess of Berry
2035:Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans
1947:Maria Christina of Austria
1534:Retrieved 25 January 2016.
1354:Louise Élisabeth of France
1269:
1151:
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809:, replaced her as regent.
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1963:Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo
1920:Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano
1755:Two Sicilies family tree
1110:Maria Theresa of Austria
812:
18:MarĂa Cristina de BorbĂłn
2468:Italian Roman Catholics
2067:Marie Louise of Orléans
1751:Encyclopædia Britannica
1619:Encyclopædia Britannica
1567:Encyclopædia Britannica
1432:Some of this article's
1260:Maria Isabella of Spain
865:, gave Muñoz the title
566:on 10 October 1830 and
497:Maria Isabella of Spain
425:MarĂa Isabella of Spain
155:Vicente López y Portaña
2483:Wives of Ferdinand VII
2443:Spanish royal consorts
2046:(1714–1724, 1724–1746)
2019:Maria Amalia of Saxony
1971:Francis, Duke of Cádiz
1908:Spanish royal consorts
1844:Queen consort of Spain
1233:Maria Amalia of Saxony
989:Maria Amalia of Saxony
851:MarquĂ©s de San AgustĂn
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786:Ferdinand VII of Spain
721:AgustĂn Fernando Muñoz
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457:Ferdinand VII of Spain
451:from 1829 to 1833 and
449:queen consort of Spain
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278:Ferdinand VII of Spain
164:Queen consort of Spain
2453:Nobility from Palermo
2448:Spanish queen mothers
2059:Maria Anna of Neuburg
1779:at Wikimedia Commons
1296:Philip, Duke of Parma
820:
732:Władysław Czartoryski
680:
249:French Third Republic
179:Queen regent of Spain
2433:19th-century regents
2123:Isabella of Portugal
2051:Maria Luisa of Savoy
2011:Maria Luisa of Parma
1796:Cadet branch of the
1707:Genealogie ascendate
1689:Genealogie ascendate
1322:Maria Luisa of Parma
1174:Charles III of Spain
930:Charles III of Spain
827:Château de Malmaison
639:improve this section
495:by his second wife,
405:Bourbon-Two Sicilies
343:Isabella II of Spain
61:improve this article
2107:Élisabeth of France
2091:Margaret of Austria
2083:Élisabeth of France
2027:Barbara of Portugal
1955:Mercedes of Orléans
1529:JosĂ© MarĂa Zavala:
1201:Charles IV of Spain
853:. Muñoz was made a
807:Baldomero Espartero
597:Francisco Calomarde
199:Baldomero Espartero
2478:Daughters of kings
2075:Mariana of Austria
1859:Francisco de AsĂs,
1855:Title next held by
1831:Title last held by
1483:, pp. 6–7, 8.
839:Grandeza de España
835:Duque de Riánsares
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683:ValentĂn Carderera
591:, set out for the
529:Council of Castile
525:Francisco de Paula
519:, and the Infanta
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2344:5th generation
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2272:3rd generation
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2221:2nd generation
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2185:1st generation
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2016:
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1924:(2014–present)
1915:
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1911:
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1896:
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1814:22 August 1878
1795:
1788:
1785:
1767:
1766:External links
1764:
1763:
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1752:
1749:
1744:978-1910198117
1743:
1721:
1718:
1715:
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1696:
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1644:(in Spanish).
1625:
1610:, ed. (1911).
1608:Chisholm, Hugh
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1558:Chisholm, Hugh
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568:Luisa Fernanda
521:Luisa Carlotta
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503:Queen of Spain
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238:22 August 1878
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1807:27 April 1806
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1732:
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1727:Aronson, Theo
1724:
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629:
624:This section
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222:27 April 1806
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78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2237:
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2117:
2109:
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2093:
2085:
2077:
2069:
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2045:
2037:
2029:
2021:
2013:
2005:
1997:
1989:
1981:
1978:
1973:
1965:
1957:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1923:
1918:
1867:
1866:
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1706:
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1583:
1565:
1539:
1530:
1524:
1517:Aronson 1966
1512:
1505:Aronson 1966
1500:
1493:Aronson 1966
1488:
1481:Aronson 1966
1476:
1456:
1447:
1436:
1135:
880:
866:
859:Spanish Army
850:
834:
824:
798:
793:
790:
782:
734:(1828–1894).
718:
706:
694:
661:
652:
637:Please help
625:
586:
571:
537:
506:
493:Two Sicilies
478:
453:queen regent
432:
431:
331:
240:(1878-08-22)
153:Portrait by
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
2413:1878 deaths
2408:1806 births
2178:Ferdinand I
2126:(1526–1539)
2118:(1556–1558)
2110:(1559–1568)
2102:(1570–1580)
2094:(1598–1611)
2086:(1621–1644)
2078:(1649–1665)
2070:(1679–1689)
2062:(1690–1700)
2054:(1701–1714)
2030:(1746–1758)
2022:(1759–1760)
2014:(1788–1808)
2006:(1808–1813)
2003:Julie Clary
1998:(1816–1818)
1990:(1819–1829)
1982:(1829–1833)
1974:(1846–1868)
1966:(1870–1873)
1950:(1879–1885)
1942:(1906–1931)
1934:(1975–2014)
1437:may not be
891:El Escorial
861:. In 1847
742: [
685:, mid 1830s
552:absolutists
443:, Spanish:
260:El Escorial
209:Isabella II
2402:Categories
1720:References
689:See also:
578:Charles IV
475:Early life
87:newspapers
626:does not
601:Andalusia
560:Salic law
489:Francis I
461:bicameral
195:Successor
1729:(1966).
1439:reliable
1415:Citation
1403:See also
897:Ancestry
883:Le Havre
843:TarancĂłn
715:Downfall
564:Isabella
556:Philip V
544:Carlists
542:and the
479:Born in
245:Le Havre
1757:at the
1555::
702:Carlism
647:removed
632:sources
607:Regency
491:of the
481:Palermo
437:Italian
319:
311:
307:
294:
286:
282:
267:Spouses
225:Palermo
205:Monarch
186:Regency
101:scholar
2038:(1724)
1958:(1878)
1852:Vacant
1828:Vacant
1810:
1741:
1590:
1549:
991:(= 13)
932:(= 12)
887:France
802:Cortes
697:regent
573:Cortes
548:Madrid
517:Carlos
485:Sicily
467:: the
421:Mother
411:Father
255:Burial
170:Tenure
157:, 1830
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
1812:Died:
1805:Born:
1709:, p.
1691:, p.
1671:[
1235:(= 9)
1176:(= 8)
813:Exile
794:guapo
746:]
400:House
381:Names
327:Issue
313:(
309:
288:(
284:
108:JSTOR
94:books
1739:ISBN
1588:ISBN
1352:15.
1294:14.
1231:13.
1172:12.
1108:11.
1050:10.
630:any
628:cite
235:Died
219:Born
80:news
1564:".
1320:7.
1258:3.
1199:6.
1134:1.
1076:5.
1014:2.
987:9.
955:4.
928:8.
641:by
63:by
2404::
1737:.
1733:.
1711:96
1699:^
1681:^
1654:^
1640:.
1628:^
1616:.
1599:^
1576:^
893:.
885:,
744:it
584:.
535:.
499:.
483:,
471:.
439::
315:m.
290:m.
247:,
227:,
2160:e
2153:t
2146:v
1900:e
1893:t
1886:v
1747:.
1693:1
1648:.
1594:.
1463:)
1457:(
1452:)
1448:(
1442:.
668:)
662:(
657:)
653:(
649:.
635:.
435:(
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
