3249:
1983:
2957:
2323:
2283:
2264:
1972:
2151:
573:
74:
2014:
58:
1456:
420:
1450:
2132:
2973:
2732:
2355:
2996:
2141:
1200:
641:
2117:
364:
81:
580:
439:
visited the fortress and noted that a suburb was built outside of it for foreigners, who were not allowed entry into the fortress. The district governor based at the Marqab fortress held the military rank of "Emir of 20 Mamluks." He was charged with defending the coast, particularly from threats from
448:
period, Margat was well known in the region for containing an imperial prison with many high-profile inmates. The 15th-century Muslim historian Khalil al-Zahiri noted that Marqab fortress was among the most important sites of
Tripoli province. Marqab was "clearly impregnable and controls a territory
507:
Castles in Europe provided lordly accommodation for their owners and acted as centres of administration. In the Levant the need for defence was paramount and this was reflected in castle design. Historian Hugh
Kennedy suggests that "The castle scientifically designed as a fighting machine surely
326:. Rainald II's son Bertrand sold it to the Hospitallers in 1186 as it was too expensive for the Mazoir family to maintain. After some rebuilding and expansion by the Hospitallers it became their headquarters in Syria. Under Hospitaller control, its fourteen towers were thought to be impregnable.
403:
of the southernmost wall. The defenders panicked and on discovering the numerous tunnels around the fortress, surrendered to the Mamluk commander Fakhr al-Din Mukri on 23 May, with Qalwun entering Margat two days later. The siege was witnessed by eleven-year-old
2095:
416:. Qalawun allowed the Hospitallers to leave with everything they could carry. Rather than destroy Margat as he did with other fortresses, he repaired its defences and placed a strong garrison there due to its strategic value.
1938:
3248:
341:, "Recognising that Maqab was impregnable and that he had no hope of capturing it, he passed on to Jabala". It was one of the few remaining territories left in Christian hands after Saladin's conquests.
2209:
360:. The bishop of nearby Valenia also used Margat as his headquarters after around 1240. Margat was second in size and power only to the other Hospitaller fortress to the south, Krak des Chevaliers.
2194:
2085:
2080:
1968:
259:
coast and approximately 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) south of
Baniyas. The castle remained in a poor state of preservation until 2007 when some reconstruction and renovation began.
1916:
1982:
3290:
2238:
2184:
2090:
2928:
1960:
2075:
796:
visited the suburb. In 1938 al-Marqab stood near the foot of the fortress and was among five Sunni Muslim villages in the area, which also contained several
Alawite,
344:
By the beginning of the 13th century the
Hospitallers controlled the surrounding land and roads and made a large profit from travellers and pilgrims passing through.
3300:
3068:
2705:
1014:
3203:
2161:
495:
The last known owner of the castle was Al-Markabi family (“Al-Marqabi”) where the name was based on the castle. In 2023, the castle was damaged during the
3305:
3233:
3228:
2651:
1382:
311:
2855:
2244:
1526:
3133:
3073:
2033:
1311:
777:. Together, al-Marqab, Basatin al-Assad and al-Bayda form a mostly Sunni Muslim-inhabited enclave in an area largely populated by members of the
2492:
1953:
1896:
1680:
1536:
784:
A suburb has existed outside the fortress since at least the late 12th century, during
Crusader rule. During this period, its chief exports were
3088:
1906:
1276:
1600:
1377:
435:
by the
Muslims, became a district of the Mamluk province of Tripoli with maintenance of the area financed by the sultan. Intrepid traveller
2487:
1744:
1188:
287:
According to Arab sources, the site of Margat Castle was first fortified in 1062 by
Muslims who continued to hold it within the Christian
1675:
1435:
524:
leading through the base of a gate tower. A notable feature of the inner defences is a large circular tower, sometimes referred to as a
3033:
2199:
1946:
1819:
1595:
1563:
1553:
1286:
601:
1732:
1636:
1612:
1578:
1511:
1425:
1316:
758:
2135:
2776:
2477:
1775:
1291:
1281:
1271:
964:
272:
Margat is located on a hill formed by an extinct volcano high about 360 metres (1,180 ft) above sea level on the road between
1166:
2233:
2061:
2043:
2038:
2144:
104:
2472:
2048:
812:, al-Marqab had a population of 832. Starting in 1968, it experienced significant prosperity due to the construction of the
1006:
770:
2710:
1002:
2690:
2429:
1420:
1094:
Folda, Jaroslav; French, Pamela; Coupel, Pierre (1982), "Crusader
Frescoes at Crac des Chevaliers and Marqab Castle",
2956:
2536:
2482:
2322:
2282:
2263:
2228:
1977:
1077:
1059:
888:
940:
1685:
1181:
496:
1157:
2541:
2410:
2154:
1148:
3026:
2878:
2125:
572:
476:. In the 1890s there was a total of 393 localities with a collective population of 39,671, of whom 21,121 were
878:
3158:
2517:
1697:
303:
took advantage of their weakness and captured Margat from the
Muslims. A few years later it was captured by
73:
2467:
2462:
2070:
1521:
766:
732:
1025:
2771:
2287:
1249:
1174:
1161:
1449:
480:. The chief agricultural products were olives, onions, tobacco and silk, which were largely marketed to
400:
2551:
2531:
2359:
304:
3285:
3280:
3019:
2863:
2333:
1455:
773:(CBS), al-Marqab had a population of 2,618 as of the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly
3042:
2933:
2845:
2646:
2546:
2065:
1196:
825:
633:
376:
345:
3295:
2908:
2903:
2526:
2347:
2316:
2308:
1869:
1125:
Etudes sur les monuments de l'architecture militaire des Croisés en Syrie et dans l'ile de Chypre
809:
532:). Unlike the Krak Des Chevaliers, Margat has a large outer ward, giving it a larger total area.
288:
2150:
749:) is located just north of the castle, straddling the road leading north to the coastal city of
3193:
3188:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2573:
2379:
2120:
1890:
813:
371:
In September 1281, the Hospitallers of Margat dispatched a contingent of troops to support the
218:
399:
and miners managed to dig several tunnels underneath the fortress's walls, a mine destroyed a
3310:
2587:
711:
653:
384:
2596:
2913:
2873:
2019:
1712:
1702:
1326:
721:
349:
8:
3173:
3113:
3103:
2977:
2963:
2766:
2736:
2620:
2615:
2601:
2582:
2219:
509:
424:
334:
252:
230:
3078:
3000:
2638:
2337:
2273:
1799:
1727:
1204:
1123:
1111:
665:
658:
3238:
3108:
3053:
2918:
2606:
2454:
2369:
2298:
2003:
1995:
1366:
1073:
1055:
884:
517:
508:
reached its apogee in great buildings like Margat and Crac des Chevaliers." Like the
319:
281:
256:
139:
2923:
322:. The fortress was so large that it had its own household officials and a number of
3315:
3261:
2786:
2695:
2444:
1755:
1606:
1516:
1469:
1360:
1103:
965:"Turkey-Syria earthquake: Historic mosques and ancient landmarks reduced to rubble"
762:
670:
300:
296:
273:
488:("military governor") of the district until 1884 when the seat was transferred to
3198:
3183:
3118:
3063:
2868:
2835:
2384:
2363:
2327:
1992:
1837:
1655:
1338:
1229:
1152:
1048:
742:
409:
392:
209:
57:
3178:
3168:
3128:
3083:
2840:
2820:
2810:
2439:
2434:
2374:
1901:
1882:
1738:
1392:
801:
797:
3274:
3213:
3163:
3153:
3098:
3093:
3058:
2830:
2825:
2815:
2805:
2700:
2662:
2399:
2389:
2268:
2204:
2189:
2179:
1831:
1780:
1301:
1140:
616:
603:
521:
453:
445:
405:
357:
338:
292:
119:
106:
2404:
2680:
1911:
1849:
1825:
1769:
1762:
1717:
1691:
1618:
1547:
1332:
774:
754:
419:
3123:
2746:
2394:
2107:
1999:
1922:
1558:
1398:
1372:
1321:
513:
436:
1625:
1531:
1490:
1349:
1254:
1115:
793:
1145:
387:. To punish the Hospitallers, Qalawun clandestinely raised an army in
2724:
2672:
2057:
2007:
1812:
1749:
1722:
1584:
1573:
1506:
702:
444:, and maintaining the guard towers and observation posts. During the
372:
2131:
1107:
3208:
3011:
2995:
2797:
2657:
2565:
1707:
1590:
1405:
1387:
1306:
805:
485:
477:
388:
323:
248:
2140:
3223:
3218:
3138:
2715:
2116:
1541:
1482:
1355:
1343:
1259:
778:
750:
682:
677:
489:
473:
380:
330:
277:
240:
44:
363:
3143:
2981:
2972:
2731:
2421:
2354:
2053:
1843:
1668:
1496:
1430:
1414:
1296:
1242:
1216:
728:
707:
525:
484:-based merchants. The fortress served as the residence of the
481:
469:
464:
441:
396:
353:
315:
236:
193:
792:, almonds, figs and pottery. In 1325 North African geographer
2509:
1631:
1501:
1410:
1265:
1199:
785:
646:
244:
48:
1102:, Dumbarton Oaks, Trustees for Harvard University: 177–210,
2685:
2253:
789:
529:
458:
413:
255:. It is located around 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the
307:, regent of Antioch, and became part of the Principality.
941:"Qalʿat al-Marqab (Castle), Central courtyard and chapel"
383:
successfully prevented after defeating the coalition at
876:
3291:
Castles and fortifications of the Knights Hospitaller
1026:
The Assad Regime: From Counterinsurgency to Civil War
462:("district") of the same name, which contained three
880:
Pilgrimage to Jerusalem and the Holy Land, 1187–1291
395:
on 17 April 1285. After a 38-day siege during which
223:
423:The North West view from the castle. Photograph by
1047:
1093:
528:(though it should not be confused with a central
251:fortress and one of the major strongholds of the
3272:
1067:
456:, Margat became the administrative center of a
367:Aerial photograph of Margat, taken in the 1930s
3301:Buildings and structures in Tartus Governorate
844:Margat was also known as Margathum or Margant.
3027:
1954:
1182:
1003:General Census of Population and Housing 2004
753:. Nearby localities besides Baniyas, include
550:
295:. When the Principality was defeated at the
30:
1868:
1032:Institute for the Study of War. March 2013.
62:Margat, a Crusader castle in Northern Syria
3306:Archaeological sites in Tartus Governorate
3034:
3020:
1961:
1947:
1189:
1175:
1068:W. P. Heinrichs, ed. (1989), "Al-Markab",
235:'Castle of the Watchtower'), is a
1054:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1070:E. J. Brill's The Encyclopaedia of Islam
926:
924:
914:
912:
816:pipeline and petroleum port at Baniyas.
418:
362:
1045:
987:
903:
864:
535:
337:in search of easier prey. According to
3273:
1798:
998:
996:
3015:
1942:
1867:
1797:
1653:
1467:
1227:
1170:
921:
909:
808:villages. In 1945, at the end of the
3041:
1468:
2711:Church of Saint Mary of the Germans
1654:
1228:
1128:(in French), Paris: Impr. nationale
1121:
993:
746:
551:
310:In the 1170s, it was controlled by
213:
31:
13:
1086:
1007:Syria Central Bureau of Statistics
771:Syria Central Bureau of Statistics
14:
3327:
1978:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
1134:
579:
3247:
2994:
2971:
2955:
2730:
2706:Church of Saint John the Baptist
2353:
2321:
2281:
2262:
2149:
2139:
2130:
2115:
2012:
1981:
1970:
1454:
1448:
1198:
877:Professor Denys Pringle (2013).
639:
578:
571:
516:with many typical elements of a
79:
72:
56:
2195:Orders, decorations, and medals
1018:
769:to the south. According to the
502:
449:containing numerous villages."
2986:
2879:Conquest of Rhodes (1306–1310)
2749:
2718:
2609:
2590:
2576:
2554:
2520:
2341:
2126:Order of Malta Ambulance Corps
1030:Middle East Security Report 8.
981:
957:
933:
897:
870:
858:
838:
333:marched on Margat having left
80:
1:
851:
375:invasion of Syria, which the
2990:Demolished or sparse remains
2777:Colonization of the Americas
930:ed. Heinrichs, 1989, p. 582.
918:ed. Heinrichs, 1989, p. 580.
7:
2967:(with year of proclamation)
2914:Great Siege of Malta (1565)
2772:Principality of Heitersheim
2463:St John (Conventual Church)
2288:Villa del Priorato di Malta
1162:American Center of Research
1009:(CBS). Tartus Governorate.
819:
468:("subdistricts") — Margat,
348:was imprisoned there after
262:
224:
10:
3332:
2652:Palace of the Grand Master
1039:
741:The village of al-Marqab (
305:Tancred, Prince of Galilee
267:
3256:
3245:
3049:
2950:
2929:Battle of Damietta (1732)
2864:Siege of Jerusalem (1187)
2854:
2796:
2785:
2759:
2671:
2637:
2564:
2508:
2501:
2453:
2420:
2307:
2297:
2252:
2218:
2172:
2106:
2026:
1990:
1876:
1863:
1806:
1793:
1662:
1649:
1476:
1463:
1446:
1236:
1223:
1211:
718:
701:
693:
688:
676:
664:
652:
632:
597:
566:
559:
545:
189:
181:
176:
168:
158:
150:
145:
135:
98:
67:
55:
41:
26:
21:
2919:Battle of Lepanto (1571)
831:
826:List of Crusader castles
540:Village in Tartus, Syria
346:Isaac Comnenus of Cyprus
291:in the aftermath of the
16:Historic castle in Syria
2909:Siege of Tripoli (1551)
2904:Invasion of Gozo (1551)
1870:Al-Shaykh Badr District
1122:Rey, Guillaume (1871),
289:Principality of Antioch
120:35.151111°N 35.949167°E
3194:Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi
3189:Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi
3001:Catholicism portal
2869:Battle of Arsuf (1191)
2380:Santa Margherita Lines
2121:Malteser International
2086:Diplomatic missions to
2081:Diplomatic missions of
1891:Brummanet al-Mashayekh
1072:, vol. 4, BRILL,
1046:Kennedy, Hugh (1994),
883:. Ashgate Publishing.
814:Iraq Petroleum Company
761:to the southeast with
428:
368:
172:Ruin, under renovation
3069:Al-Sheikh Deeb Castle
2924:Raid on Żejtun (1614)
2430:Grand Master's Palace
2185:Flag and coat of arms
2006:, founded in 1099 in
1096:Dumbarton Oaks Papers
720: • Summer (
617:35.15806°N 35.95556°E
422:
366:
2934:Loss of Malta (1798)
2874:Siege of Acre (1291)
2542:Castille et Portugal
2537:Auvergne et Provence
2020:Kingdom of Jerusalem
1713:Buwaydat al-Suwayqat
1703:Bayt al-Shaykh Yunis
1327:Dweir al-Shaykh Saad
945:syrian-heritage.org/
536:Village of al-Marqab
512:, Margat is a large
408:and his father, the
356:from him during the
350:Richard I of England
125:35.151111; 35.949167
3114:Citadel of Damascus
3104:Krak des Chevaliers
2978:World Heritage Site
2964:extraterritoriality
2737:Krak des Chevaliers
2478:Our Lady of Victory
2173:Society and culture
1158:Photos of al-Marqab
1141:Tour through castle
613: /
510:Krak des Chevaliers
497:February earthquake
425:Anthony F. Kersting
335:Krak des Chevaliers
253:Knights Hospitaller
116: /
3079:Bani Qahtan Castle
2468:Our Lady of Liesse
1800:Duraykish District
1728:Khirbet Abu Hamdan
1205:Tartus Governorate
1151:2017-12-01 at the
1024:Holliday, Joseph.
694: • Total
622:35.15806; 35.95556
429:
369:
280:, overlooking the
3268:
3267:
3239:Citadel of Tartus
3229:Qalaat al-Shaghur
3109:Citadel of Aleppo
3009:
3008:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2883:Sieges of Rhodes
2681:Saint John d'Acre
2633:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2473:Our Lady of Pilar
2162:Ships of the line
2076:Foreign relations
2044:Sovereign Council
2004:international law
2000:sovereign subject
1996:order of chivalry
1936:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1859:
1858:
1789:
1788:
1645:
1644:
1444:
1443:
1383:Majdalun al-Baher
1367:Khirbet al-Maazah
739:
738:
518:concentric castle
431:Marqat, known as
312:Rainald II Masoir
282:Mediterranean Sea
234:
222:
199:
198:
154:Al-Markabi Family
140:Concentric castle
3323:
3286:Castles in Syria
3281:Crusader castles
3262:Castles in Syria
3251:
3043:Castles in Syria
3036:
3029:
3022:
3013:
3012:
2999:
2998:
2989:
2976:
2975:
2960:
2959:
2794:
2793:
2752:
2735:
2734:
2721:
2696:Belvoir Fortress
2612:
2593:
2579:
2557:
2523:
2506:
2505:
2445:San Anton Palace
2358:
2357:
2344:
2326:
2325:
2305:
2304:
2286:
2285:
2267:
2266:
2250:
2249:
2153:
2143:
2134:
2119:
2018:
2016:
2015:
1985:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1940:
1939:
1865:
1864:
1795:
1794:
1756:Ras al-Khashufah
1651:
1650:
1517:Basatin al-Assad
1470:Baniyas District
1465:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1361:Khirbet al-Faras
1225:
1224:
1203:
1202:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1168:
1167:
1129:
1118:
1082:
1064:
1053:
1050:Crusader Castles
1033:
1022:
1016:
1012:
1000:
991:
985:
979:
978:
976:
975:
961:
955:
954:
952:
951:
937:
931:
928:
919:
916:
907:
901:
895:
894:
874:
868:
862:
845:
842:
763:Basatin al-Assad
748:
725:
645:
643:
642:
628:
627:
625:
624:
623:
618:
614:
611:
610:
609:
606:
582:
581:
575:
554:
553:
543:
542:
379:sultan of Egypt
320:count of Tripoli
314:of Antioch as a
301:Byzantine Empire
297:Battle of Harran
229:
227:
225:Qalʻat al-Marqab
217:
215:
204:, also known as
146:Site information
131:
130:
128:
127:
126:
121:
117:
114:
113:
112:
109:
83:
82:
76:
60:
51:
35:
34:
33:
19:
18:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3320:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3264:
3252:
3243:
3204:Qulay'ah Castle
3199:Qasr Ibn Wardan
3184:Qalaat al-Madiq
3119:Citadel of Homs
3064:Castle of al-Al
3045:
3040:
3010:
3005:
2993:
2970:
2954:
2938:
2850:
2788:
2781:
2755:
2729:
2667:
2625:
2560:
2497:
2449:
2416:
2385:Cottonera Lines
2352:
2338:Fort St Michael
2320:
2301:
2293:
2280:
2261:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2214:
2168:
2148:(Historically:
2102:
2049:Chapter General
2022:
2013:
2011:
1986:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1937:
1928:
1872:
1855:
1838:Junaynet Ruslan
1802:
1785:
1658:
1656:Safita District
1641:
1527:Bustan al-Hamam
1472:
1459:
1453:
1440:
1339:Husayn al-Baher
1232:
1230:Tartus District
1219:
1207:
1197:
1195:
1153:Wayback Machine
1137:
1132:
1108:10.2307/1291467
1089:
1087:Further reading
1080:
1062:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1023:
1019:
1010:
1001:
994:
986:
982:
973:
971:
969:Middle East Eye
963:
962:
958:
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938:
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929:
922:
917:
910:
902:
898:
891:
875:
871:
863:
859:
854:
849:
848:
843:
839:
834:
822:
719:
640:
638:
621:
619:
615:
612:
607:
604:
602:
600:
599:
593:
592:
591:
590:
589:
588:
587:
583:
562:
555:
548:
541:
538:
505:
393:besieged Margat
270:
265:
161:the public
160:
124:
122:
118:
115:
110:
107:
105:
103:
102:
94:
93:
92:
91:
90:
89:
88:
84:
63:
42:
37:
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3329:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3296:Mamluk castles
3293:
3288:
3283:
3266:
3265:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3234:Qal'at Sukkara
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3169:Palmyra Castle
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3134:Khariba Castle
3131:
3129:Al-Kahf Castle
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3084:Bourzey castle
3081:
3076:
3074:Areimeh Castle
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3039:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3016:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2991:
2984:
2968:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2860:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2802:
2800:
2791:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2744:
2739:
2727:
2722:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2654:
2649:
2647:Fortifications
2643:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2585:
2580:
2570:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2514:
2512:
2503:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2459:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2440:Verdala Palace
2437:
2435:Vilhena Palace
2432:
2426:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2375:Floriana Lines
2372:
2367:
2350:
2345:
2331:
2328:Fort St Angelo
2313:
2311:
2309:Fortifications
2302:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2278:
2258:
2256:
2247:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2136:Military Corps
2128:
2123:
2112:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2096:United Nations
2093:
2091:European Union
2088:
2083:
2073:
2068:
2054:Grand Priories
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2023:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1966:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1943:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1902:Kaff al-Hammam
1899:
1894:
1887:
1883:Al-Shaykh Badr
1877:
1874:
1873:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1846:
1841:
1834:
1829:
1822:
1817:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1739:Mashta al-Helu
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1622:
1615:
1610:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1487:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1461:
1460:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1421:al-Shaykh Saad
1418:
1402:
1395:
1393:Maten al-Sahel
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1221:
1220:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1194:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1155:
1143:
1136:
1135:External links
1133:
1131:
1130:
1119:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1065:
1060:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1017:
992:
980:
956:
932:
920:
908:
896:
889:
869:
856:
855:
853:
850:
847:
846:
836:
835:
833:
830:
829:
828:
821:
818:
810:French Mandate
802:Greek Catholic
798:Greek Orthodox
737:
736:
726:
716:
715:
705:
699:
698:
695:
691:
690:
686:
685:
680:
674:
673:
668:
662:
661:
656:
650:
649:
636:
630:
629:
595:
594:
585:
584:
577:
576:
570:
569:
568:
567:
564:
563:
560:
557:
556:
549:
546:
539:
537:
534:
504:
501:
440:the island of
269:
266:
264:
261:
247:, which was a
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
183:
179:
178:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
162:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
100:
96:
95:
86:
85:
78:
77:
71:
70:
69:
68:
65:
64:
61:
53:
52:
39:
38:
27:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3328:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3263:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3214:Sahyun Castle
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:Qal'at Ja'bar
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3164:Nimrod Castle
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:Masyaf Castle
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3144:Maniqa Castle
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3099:Chastel Rouge
3097:
3095:
3094:Chastel Blanc
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3059:Aleika Castle
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3044:
3037:
3032:
3030:
3025:
3023:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2958:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2784:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:Other regions
2758:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:Chastel Rouge
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2664:
2663:Bodrum Castle
2660:
2659:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2400:Fort Chambray
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2390:Fort Ricasoli
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2324:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2269:Palazzo Malta
2265:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2210:Postal system
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2180:Maltese cross
2178:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1964:
1959:
1957:
1952:
1950:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1897:Hammam Qanyah
1895:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1792:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1681:Ayn al-Zibdeh
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1537:Dayr al-Basal
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1302:Beit Kammunah
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1192:
1187:
1185:
1180:
1178:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1127:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1081:
1079:9789004090828
1075:
1071:
1066:
1063:
1061:0-521-42068-7
1057:
1052:
1051:
1044:
1043:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1008:
1004:
999:
997:
989:
984:
970:
966:
960:
946:
942:
936:
927:
925:
915:
913:
906:, p. 164
905:
900:
892:
890:9781409483113
886:
882:
881:
873:
866:
861:
857:
841:
837:
827:
824:
823:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
782:
780:
776:
775:Sunni Muslims
772:
768:
764:
760:
757:to the east,
756:
752:
744:
734:
730:
727:
723:
717:
713:
709:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
687:
684:
681:
679:
675:
672:
669:
667:
663:
660:
657:
655:
651:
648:
637:
635:
631:
626:
598:Coordinates:
596:
574:
565:
558:
544:
533:
531:
527:
523:
522:bent entrance
519:
515:
511:
500:
498:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
466:
461:
460:
455:
450:
447:
443:
438:
434:
426:
421:
417:
415:
411:
407:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
365:
361:
359:
358:Third Crusade
355:
351:
347:
342:
340:
336:
332:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
308:
306:
302:
299:in 1104, the
298:
294:
293:First Crusade
290:
285:
283:
279:
275:
260:
258:
257:Mediterranean
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
232:
226:
220:
211:
207:
203:
195:
192:
188:
184:
180:
175:
171:
167:
163:
157:
153:
149:
144:
141:
138:
134:
129:
101:
97:
75:
66:
59:
54:
50:
46:
40:
36:
25:
20:
3311:Hill castles
3258:
3148:
3089:Burj al-Sabi
2987:
2962:
2750:
2741:
2719:
2656:
2610:
2591:
2577:
2555:
2521:
2488:St Catherine
2409:
2364:Fort St Elmo
2342:
2272:
2234:commanderies
2147:
2066:Associations
2062:Commanderies
2034:Grand Master
2027:Organisation
1921:
1889:
1881:
1880:
1848:
1836:
1826:Dweir Ruslan
1824:
1811:
1810:
1770:al-Sisiniyah
1768:
1761:
1754:
1737:
1692:al-Bariqiyah
1690:
1686:Ayn al-Tineh
1667:
1666:
1624:
1617:
1605:
1583:
1568:
1548:Hammam Wasel
1546:
1489:
1481:
1480:
1404:
1397:
1365:
1348:
1333:al-Hamidiyah
1331:
1277:Ayn al-Zarqa
1264:
1241:
1240:
1213:
1124:
1099:
1095:
1069:
1049:
1029:
1020:
988:Kennedy 1994
983:
972:. Retrieved
968:
959:
948:. Retrieved
944:
935:
904:Kennedy 1994
899:
879:
872:
867:, p. 20
865:Kennedy 1994
860:
840:
783:
740:
506:
503:Architecture
494:
463:
457:
451:
446:Burji Mamluk
432:
430:
412:governor of
370:
343:
328:
324:rear-vassals
309:
286:
271:
205:
201:
200:
177:Site history
159:Open to
28:
3179:Qal'at Najm
3159:Montferrand
3124:Hama Castle
2747:Mount Tabor
2493:St Lawrence
2395:Fort Manoel
2108:Auxiliaries
1923:al-Qamsiyah
1601:Ras al-Wati
1559:Kaff al-Jaa
1399:al-Safsafah
1378:Al-Madehleh
1373:al-Khreibat
1322:Duwayr Taha
1146:Syria Times
1011:(in Arabic)
990:, p. 9
781:community.
678:Subdistrict
654:Governorate
620: /
520:. It has a
514:spur castle
454:Ottoman era
452:During the
437:Ibn Battuta
214:قلعة المرقب
123: /
99:Coordinates
32:قلعة المرقب
3275:Categories
3054:Abu Qubays
2527:Angleterre
2483:St Barbara
2405:Fort Tigné
2370:Cittadella
2058:Bailiwicks
2039:Governance
1781:al-Tulay'i
1745:al-Malloua
1626:al-Tawahin
1532:Dahr Safra
1491:al-Annazah
1409:(includes
1350:al-Karimah
1255:Aqir Zayti
1250:al-Annazah
974:2023-02-10
950:2021-11-24
852:References
794:Ibn Batuta
689:Population
608:35°57′20″E
406:Abu'l Fida
339:Abu'l-Fida
111:35°56′57″E
108:35°09′04″N
3259:Also See:
2725:Gibelacar
2691:Abu Ghosh
2673:Holy Land
2574:Allemagne
2518:Allemagne
2224:including
2200:Passports
2145:Air Force
2008:Jerusalem
1917:al-Riqama
1813:Duraykish
1750:al-Mitras
1723:al-Kafrun
1698:al-Karama
1676:Ayn Hifad
1585:al-Qadmus
1574:Mqarmideh
1569:al-Marqab
1507:Ayn Qadib
1436:al-Zarqat
1013:Archive:
703:Time zone
605:35°9′29″N
586:Al-Marqab
547:Al-Marqab
352:captured
329:In 1188,
219:romanized
190:Materials
169:Condition
3209:Al-Rahba
2798:Crusades
2787:Military
2658:Anatolia
2621:Provence
2602:Castille
2588:Auvergne
2566:Valletta
2502:Auberges
2455:Churches
2360:Valletta
2277:) (1869)
2239:premises
2205:Currency
1993:Catholic
1820:al-Baqaa
1708:al-Bitar
1607:al-Rawda
1596:al-Qulou
1591:Qarqafti
1564:Kharibeh
1554:Huraysun
1522:al-Bayda
1406:al-Sawda
1388:Maraqiya
1307:Bimalkah
1287:Baashtar
1214:Capital:
1149:Archived
820:See also
806:Maronite
788:, wine,
767:al-Bayda
666:District
486:kaymakam
478:Alawites
389:Damascus
263:Fortress
249:Crusader
3316:Baniyas
3224:Shmemis
3219:Shaizar
3139:Khawabi
2961:Extant
2856:Battles
2789:history
2767:Tripoli
2716:Coliath
2597:Bavière
2422:Palaces
2334:Senglea
2330:(2001))
2274:capital
2245:battles
2220:History
2071:Langues
1980:topics
1733:al-Maab
1637:Zallalu
1613:Taanita
1579:Osaibah
1542:Fneitiq
1512:Barmiya
1483:Baniyas
1426:Tayshur
1356:Khawabi
1344:Kafr Fo
1317:Dibbash
1260:Areimeh
1160:at the
1116:1291467
1040:Sources
779:Alawite
759:Osaibah
751:Baniyas
683:Baniyas
671:Baniyas
634:Country
561:Village
490:Baniyas
474:Khawabi
465:nahiyas
410:Ayyubid
401:salient
397:sappers
381:Qalawun
331:Saladin
318:of the
278:Latakia
274:Tripoli
268:History
241:Baniyas
233:
221::
45:Baniyas
3149:Margat
2982:UNESCO
2742:Margat
2639:Rhodes
2616:Italie
2607:France
2583:Aragon
2552:Italie
2547:France
2532:Aragon
2411:others
2290:(1869)
2190:Anthem
2017:
1975:
1844:Fajlit
1832:Hababa
1776:al-Sur
1669:Safita
1497:Adimeh
1431:Yahmur
1415:Zamrin
1312:Bureij
1297:Bahuzi
1292:Bahnin
1282:Azzayt
1272:Arzuna
1243:Tartus
1217:Tartus
1114:
1076:
1058:
887:
747:المرقب
743:Arabic
659:Tartus
644:
552:المرقب
526:donjon
482:Beirut
470:Qadmus
442:Cyprus
433:Marqab
377:Mamluk
373:Mongol
354:Cyprus
316:vassal
237:castle
210:Arabic
206:Marqab
202:Margat
194:Basalt
87:Margat
22:Margat
2510:Birgu
2348:Mdina
2317:Birgu
2299:Malta
2229:sites
2226:major
1907:Maati
1850:Hamin
1763:Sebei
1718:Jenin
1632:Tayru
1619:Talin
1502:Aliqa
1411:Awaru
1266:Arwad
1112:JSTOR
832:Notes
786:sumac
755:Talin
729:UTC+3
708:UTC+2
697:2,618
647:Syria
245:Syria
239:near
182:Built
151:Owner
49:Syria
43:Near
2897:1522
2892:1480
2887:1444
2686:Arqa
2254:Rome
2243:and
2155:Navy
1998:and
1912:Niha
1413:and
1074:ISBN
1056:ISBN
885:ISBN
804:and
790:must
765:and
733:EEST
530:keep
472:and
459:kaza
414:Hama
391:and
385:Homs
276:and
231:lit.
185:1062
136:Type
2846:9th
2841:8th
2836:7th
2831:6th
2826:5th
2821:4th
2816:3rd
2811:2nd
2806:1st
2002:of
1104:doi
722:DST
712:EET
164:Yes
3277::
2980:,
2661::
2138::
2064:,
2060:,
2056:,
2010:,
1110:,
1100:36
1098:,
1028:.
1005:.
995:^
967:.
943:.
923:^
911:^
800:,
745::
499:.
492:.
284:.
243:,
228:,
216:,
212::
47:,
3035:e
3028:t
3021:v
2366:)
2362:(
2340:)
2336:(
2319:(
2271:(
2241:,
2236:,
2231:,
2222:,
2157:)
1962:e
1955:t
1948:v
1417:)
1190:e
1183:t
1176:v
1106::
977:.
953:.
893:.
735:)
731:(
724:)
714:)
710:(
427:.
208:(
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