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Mariamman

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3979:, the Hindu system of worship is still seen today for the worship of Mariyamman, which involves a ten-day festival organized by temple authorities during the second week in April. Some continue to use an old village custom of worship by offering chickens and goats to the deity, though the animals are no longer sacrificed but sold after being offered. The main worship of the goddess occurs on the road a mile or two from the temple. A hurried walk and dance carry hundreds of thousands of worshippers along the road to the temple. Many in the crowd have fasted, shaved their heads, and wear bright yellow clothes which are sacred to the goddess. Women and children may carry a pot on their heads decorated with the goddess's favourite leaves, of the margosa tree. Young men and women, carrying similar pots, are followed by drummers and dance more wildly. Larger men and women carry pots of charcoal fire. Some put themselves through a special tribulation of having one of the sacred weapons, dagger, trident, or spear, inserted through their cheeks or tongues. Through this worship each individual achieves self-realization and awareness of others through samsara and moksha. In this self-realization a bonding with the goddess occurs, which is the underlining reason for the worship. 248: 4692: 4676: 4712: 4656: 3911: 3953: 390:, visited her, seeking to decide for themselves if she was truly as beautiful and virtuous as she was supposed to be. Nagavalli, not recognising them, and resenting their intrusion, turned them into children with her powers. The deities were infuriated and cursed her, causing her face to become disfigured with smallpox. When Piruhu returned, he drove her away, informing her that she would be born on earth, causing her affliction to human beings as well. 4385: 409:. Draupadi, despite being Shakti, lived like a normal woman, suppressing her supernatural powers. While they were in exile, when the Pandavas were asleep at night, she would travel to the villages of Vanniyar in the form of a fierce looking Goddess. Vanniyars would offer her prayers and barley, which pleased her. In time, she would be called Mariamman (the mother of rain and curing diseases), and became popular in the Vanniyar villages. 4123: 3862: 5255: 49: 549: 352: 4043:
As a next step to this, the received nine type of grains from the temple committee, is smoothly spread over the goat dung on the pari. Following this, a pooja will be arranged for praying the goddess to make the pari a successful one. Every house may have more than two paries. These paries taken into
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The first step to set them up is to clean paris and their home the second day of thandal. People used to collect goat dung and some hay. The hay is used to block the hole of the pari. A layer of goat dung is spread over the hay and watered to make the dung wet. This is the procedure of setting up of
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of Mariamman from the jungle. On the king's orders a temple was constructed there, the idol installed, and the place was called Punnainallur. Hence the deity of this temple is known as Punnainallur Mariamman. Mud replicas of different parts of the human body are placed in the temple as offerings by
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are brought into the Amman temple from the houses on the tenth day of thandal. The paris remain in the Amman temple for one night and on the next day (the last day, eleventh day, Wednesday), and after a pooja, the paries will be issued back to their respective member. The Ammadi again takes karagam
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The word Mari (pronunciation: /mɒri/) has the Sangam Tamil origin meaning "Rain", and the Dravidian root term Amman means "Mother". She was worshipped by the ancient Tamils as the bringer of rain and thus also the bringer of prosperity, since the abundance of their crops was dependent largely upon
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and secretary of the village gather some information from the villagers regarding any marriage or anyone suffering from chicken pox etc. If anyone is affected by chicken pox, any sudden death occurred or someone's marriage is taking place, under these circumstances the date of mulaikottu will be
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a dark and isolated room in their house. For the next seven days they have to grow the seedlings into a plant. Usage of loudspeaker and crackers are completely banned during this period. During evening, all villagers assemble in front of the Mariamman temple and sing folk songs known as
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districts. By doing so they believe that they can get her blessing and sufficient rain for better cultivation. This festival is generally celebrated in between Any Tamil month of panguni to Purattasi. The festival lasts for 11 days. (Sunday of first week to Wednesday of second week).
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adequate rainfall. The cult of the mother goddess is treated as an indication of a society which venerated femininity. The temples of the Sangam days, mainly of Madurai, seem to have had priestesses to the deity, which also appear predominantly as goddesses. In
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The pari is a clay pot with a wide mouth and narrow base with a hole in the bottom. This utensil is specially made for this purpose and sold at the market. The villagers visit the market and purchase number of paris as they wanted to set up in their home.
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suitor in order to marry a Brahmin girl. This lie is discovered by the girl when she discerns the jargon and non-vegetarian habits of her in-laws. In order to ritually purify herself from the pollution of being married to a low-born pariah, the girl
520:), considered most important in any Hindu festival, continues down the generations, providing a clue to the family's origin, since the family deities are usually located within the vicinity of the village to which the family originally belonged. 5097:
Kottayam), Dr Jyothi Susan Abraham (Assistant Professor, Baselius College, Kottayam) Dr Kavitha Gopalakrishnan (Assistant Professor, Baselius College, Kottayam) Ms Meera Elizabeth James (Assistant Professor, Baselius College (11 February 2022).
4271:. The worship of three Mariamman goddesses named Small, Medium and Large Mariamman (residing at three separate localities within the city) is combined in a festival every April. It features the Thiruvizha, along with all the other 319:
Mariamman is usually pictured as a beautiful young woman with a red-hued face, wearing a red dress. Sometimes she is portrayed with many arms—representing her many powers—but in most representations she has only two or four.
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The origin of the goddess Mariamman in terms of a consistent and coherent legend has not been standardised, but several myths of the mother goddess exist in several regional traditions that are spread orally throughout
4321:. In Chennai (Madras), a famous Mariamman temple is the Putthu Mariamman: the eponymous Putthu (ant-hill) being located across the road from the temple on the opposite side of the Velachery Main Road. 4069:
are also taken from the temple. Finally, the amman Karagam and mulaiparis are submerged into the village pond. It is also celebrated in Madurai Meenakshi Amman temple on the Tamil month of Aadi.
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On the auspicious beginning of the village festival, a village meeting will be convened to sort out the best suitable date for the celebration of Mulaikottu. Before fixing any date, the
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devotees pleading for cure. It is said that the daughter of Tulaja Raja (1729–35) of Thanjavur, who lost her eyesight due to illness, regained it after worshipping at this temple. Shri
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either postponed or cancelled according to the public opinion at the meeting. The celebration begins with collection of nine different types of grain seeds from every house, called
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mudra, to ward off fear. She may be represented with two demeanours—one displaying her pleasant nature, and the other her terrifying aspect, with fangs and a wild mane of hair.
228:. Her worship mainly focuses on bringing rains and curing diseases like cholera, smallpox, and chicken pox. Mariamman is worshipped in accordance with local traditions such as 4245:(1676–1688) of Thanjavur in his dreams and told him she was in a forest of Punnai trees three miles distant from Thanjavur. The King rushed to the spot and recovered an 4711: 436:
is worshipped in a similar way, predominantly by the Rajput/Kshatriya community. Shitala has a legend and plays a similar role in protecting villages from diseases.
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Some festivals in honour of the goddess Mariamman involve night-time processions of devotees carrying oil lamps. Mariamman is the family deity for many in the
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Younger, Paul. "Journal of the American Academy of Religion." A Temple Festival of Māriyamman (1980): 493-513. ATLA Religion Database. Web. 28 September 2014.
4561:, Sri Sithala Maha Mariamman Temple, Pekan Getah Tapah, Lorong Kulit Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple in George Town, Sri Rudra Verra Muthu MahaMariamman Temple in 3968:
that are cooked using earthen pots are also made during the festive season. Rituals such as fire walking and mouth or nose piercing are also practised.
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Mariamman temple festival, which is celebrated at the end of May each year, is another notable festival held in honour of the goddess in Tamil Nadu.
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to around the world, where similar traditions to those in Mainland Tamil Nadu are practiced. Often times, Mariamman is syncretized with Kali.
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is home to the Theppakulam sri Mariamman Temple, a noted focus of devotion, primarily to the goddess but also to the Maruthuvachi (= doctor/
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Kolenda, Pauline. "Pox and the Terror of Childlessness: Images and Ideas of the Smallpox Goddess in a North Indian Village" in P. Kolenda,
4231: 4052:( similar to kummi), Amman oyil. It is followed everyday from thandal Sunday (First day) to next Sunday (eighth day). The ninth day called 489:
Devotees also pray to Mariamman for familial welfare such as fertility, healthy progeny or a good spouse. The most favoured offering is "
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of Tamil Nadu. It is a custom initially to worship the family deity on occasions such as weddings. The worship of a 'family deity' (
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river with the purificatory immersion of the Kambam (the effigy of Mariamman's husband Shiva) in the flowing waters of the river.
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is said to have made the Moola Murthi of the Goddess Maariamman from the mud from the ant-hill where snakes had resided.
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Kottai Sri Periya Mariamman temple which is located in the heart of the city, the Aadi festival celebrated for 22 days.
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in Tamil. The Thandal will held in Sunday of Valarpirai. The following Tuesday is the second day of thandal called
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where festivities and temples are often done and built in her name. Her trance-worship has been brought via the
4032:. On the next day of thandal, the temple committee distribute the grains to every house for setting up of pari. 5051: 4863: 4148: 634: 461:. During the summer months in South India (March to June), people walk miles carrying pots of water mixed with 4932:"ஆயி உமையானவளே ஆதிசிவன் தேவியரே" (Oh Mother Uma, Consort of Siva!) - Mariamman Thalattu, Goddess Mari Prayer. 2107: 4836:
Bremner, Lindsay; Cullen, Beth; Geros, Christina Leigh; Bhat, Harshavardhan; Powis, Anthony (25 May 2022).
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as Samayapuram Amman and equates the Peruvalai River with Punya Theertham, as do the people in that area.
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The worshipping methods are often accompanied by various kinds of folk dancing. Offerings such as
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According to a regional Hindu legend, there was once a beautiful woman named Nagavalli, wife to a
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Mulaikottu is a village festival celebrated in southern Tamil Nadu, particularly in villages of
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She is considered as a guardian deity (kaval deivam) by many South Indian village-dwellers.
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Mariamman is generally portrayed in the sitting or standing position, often holding a
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festival, and in the month of Aadi many women honour her with fasting and prayer.
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Her worship has been brought over across the Tamil Diaspora in places such as the
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The Encyclopaedia Of Indian Literature (Volume Five (Sasay To Zorgot), Volume 5
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Arulmigou Shri Madhur Kannanour Mariamman Thirukkovil, Port-Louis in Mauritius.
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Flipside of Hindu Symbolism: Sociological and Scientific Linkages in Hinduism
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Religions in Focus: New Approaches to Tradition and Contemporary Practices
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Banishment and Belonging: Exile and Diaspora in Sarandib, Lanka and Ceylon
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Indian and Chinese Immigrant Communities: Comparative Perspectives
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There is another very popular temple dedicated to Mariamman in
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There is also a famous and highly regarded Mariamman temple in
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mother goddess, predominantly venerated in the rural areas of
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Another famous Mariamman temple is situated in the state of
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Exploring the Hindu Mind: Cultural Reflection and Symbolism
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Caste, Cult and Hierarchy: Essays on the Culture of India
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Bhattacharya, Jayati; Kripalani, Coonoor (1 March 2015).
5229:. New Delhi: Folklore Institute, 1983. pp. 198–221. 4195:
head. This stone is often adorned with garlands made of
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There are also many Mariamman temple in every state of
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Monsoon as Method: Assembling Monsoonal Multiplicities
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The Nanalthidal Mariamman, Kattucherry near Porayar,
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Some temples have attained sufficient popularity for
5236:. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993. 5176:"Temples : Sri Maha Mari Amman Temple, Germany" 259:
Mariamman's worship originated in the traditions of
4478:There are many Mariamman temples outside India, in 4892:Ayyanar and Mariamman, Folk Deities in South India 4199:and with red flowers. These shrines often have an 295:, as well as with her northern Indian counterpart 4953: 5266: 4553:. Some notable temples include the Queen Street 212:, predominantly venerated in the rural areas of 4864:"Mariamman – the Village Goddess who travelled" 335:) in the other. One of her hands may display a 4960:. Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams. p. 486. 4498:, Fiji Maha Shakti Mata Temple Nadi and Suva, 405:, is said to be an incarnation of the goddess 251:Mariamman embedded in a trident, 1st century, 4957:History of Tirupati: The Thiruvengadam Temple 4183:Most temples to Mariamman are simple village 3886: 5234:The life and teachings of Sai Baba of Shirdi 5124:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 4267:Mariamman temple festival is a grand one in 4977:. Cambridge University Press. p. 151. 4466:Mari Mata Mandir or Shri Mariamman Temple, 4151:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 449:Mariamman cures all so-called "heat-based" 374:named Piruhu. When the rishi was away, the 311:priestesses in the shrine Palamutircholai. 4888: 3893: 3879: 47: 5101:Pandemic Reverberations and Altered Lives 5096: 4171:Learn how and when to remove this message 412:According to the narrative of the higher 62:Mariamma, Mariamman, Mariatha, Mari, Amma 5025:Manickam, Valliappa Subramaniam (1968). 5024: 4915: 4889:Neuenhofer, Christa (27 November 2012). 4383: 4289:Other important temples of Mariamman in 4072: 3951: 350: 246: 5069: 5065: 5063: 4922:. Indian History Congress. p. 100. 4681:Mariamman temple, Kattucherry village, 4609:, Sri Veera Sundara Muthu Mariamman in 4218:to officiate at them. For example, the 2770:Sources and classification of scripture 5267: 5244:. pp. 78, 80, 160, 224, 226, 250. 4997: 4591:Sri MahaMariamman Temple, Kuala Lumpur 4427:Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Kuala Lumpur 4332:deity which was featured on the album 469:leaves to ward off illnesses like the 444: 5219: 4970: 4617:, Sri Maha Muthu Mariamman Temple in 4211:are offered to propitiate the snake. 4203:that could be the resting place of a 1397:Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation) 1392:Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption) 179:Tiruverkadu Devi Karumariamman Temple 5060: 4954:Viraraghavacharya, T. K. T. (1997). 4581:, Sri Nagamuthu Mariamman Temple in 4569:, Sri Maha Mariamman Devasthanam in 4565:, Sri Maha Mariamman Devasthanam in 4372:, a residential area of the city of 4149:adding citations to reliable sources 4116: 3904: 484: 5041: 4935: 4522:. Some notable temples include the 4455:Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple, Negombo 13: 5198:"Sri Muthumariamman Temple Matale" 5104:. Co-Text Publishers. p. 23. 5076:. Fultus Corporation. p. 76. 4629:, and Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple, 4409:Mariamman Temple, Ho Chi Minh City 14: 5326: 5248: 5046:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 4396. 4971:Ricci, Ronit (21 November 2019). 4916:Congress, Indian History (1980). 4555:Sri Maha Mariamman Temple, Penang 4524:Sri Mariamman temple in Singapore 4443:Sri Maha Mariamman Temple, Penang 4400:Sri Muthumariamman Temple, Matale 4336:. The song narrates the power of 5253: 5070:Narayan, M. K. V. (April 2007). 4717:Main shrine to Mariamman in the 4710: 4690: 4674: 4654: 4577:, Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in 4518:, the product of efforts of the 4379: 4121: 3909: 3860: 547: 41:Goddess of Weather and Fertility 5190: 5168: 5154: 5145: 5132: 5090: 5035: 5018: 4998:Harvey, Graham (8 April 2016). 4991: 4625:, Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in 4621:, Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in 4605:, Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in 4601:, Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in 4597:, Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in 4593:, Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in 4585:, Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in 4573:, Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in 4528:Sri Mariamman temple in Bangkok 4449:Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore 4334:Om Nava Sakthi Jaya Jaya Sakthi 4191:stone with a sharp tip, like a 4964: 4947: 4926: 4909: 4882: 4856: 4829: 4802: 4048:and dance folk dances such as 635:Epic-Puranic royal genealogies 505:complex, or shrine itself, in 397:community, an agrarian class, 314: 224:region, the largest being the 1: 5178:. Dinamalar. 28 December 2007 4389:Sri Mariamman temple in Medan 4226:in the northern outskirts of 3982: 3691:Other society-related topics: 1387:Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy) 4795: 4532:Mariamman temple in Pretoria 4275:to deities, and ends at the 3973:Samayapuram Mariamman Temple 3802:Hinduism and other religions 2599:Chandrashekarendra Saraswati 7: 4733: 4613:, Raja Mariamman Temple in 4540:Sri Mariamman Temple, Medan 4433:Sri Mariamman Temple, Medan 4243:Venkoji Maharaja Chatrapati 3922:to comply with Knowledge's 3547:Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram 3519:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 1252:Arishadvargas (six enemies) 1196:Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs) 1191:Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body) 181:, Dindigul Kottai Mariamman 10: 5331: 4647: 4461:Mariamman Temple, Pretoria 4421:Mariamman Temple, Pretoria 4328:composed a song about the 4112: 3423:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 2108:Gurus, sants, philosophers 2044:Akshar Purushottam Darshan 1232:Uparati (self-settledness) 523: 346: 331:) in one hand and a bowl ( 20: 5142:, Readworthy, 2009, p. 93 4852:– via Google Books. 4825:– via Google Books. 4719:Sri Maha Mariamman Temple 4415:Mariamman Temple, Bangkok 2589:Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati 1247:Samadhana (concentration) 1111:Three paths to liberation 618:Tribal religions in India 603:Historical Vedic religion 598:Indus Valley Civilisation 401:, the common wife of the 358:Mariamman Ther Thiruvizha 255:period, Tamil Nadu, India 242: 185: 166: 154: 142: 128: 118: 76: 66: 58: 46: 39: 34: 4222:near the shore of river 3935:may contain suggestions. 3920:may need to be rewritten 1423:, sacrifice, and charity 439: 21:Not to be confused with 16:Hindu goddess of weather 5028:A glimpse of Tamilology 4895:. Blurb, Incorporated. 4297:, Anbil (near Trichy), 3956:Procession of Mariamman 3596:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 2809:Timeline of Hindu texts 2714:Siddharameshwar Maharaj 1747:Pumsavana Simantonayana 1402:Śabda (word, testimony) 640:Epic-Puranic chronology 608:Dravidian folk religion 501:, cooked mostly in the 420:boy who impersonated a 261:Dravidian folk religion 201:, often abbreviated to 4701:, Bokkapuram village, 4395: 3957: 3561:Eighteen Greater Texts 3190:Brahma Vaivarta Purana 2619:Krishnananda Saraswati 1863:Vijayadashami-Dussehra 1377:Pratyakṣa (perception) 1237:Titiksha (forbearance) 359: 256: 175:Punnainallur Mariamman 5262:at Wikimedia Commons 5232:Rigopoulos, Antonio. 4755:Samayapuram Mariamman 4387: 4330:Samayapuram Mariamman 4220:Samayapuram Mariamman 4073:In the Tamil Diaspora 3955: 3677:Varna-related topics: 3568:Eighteen Lesser Texts 3141:Devi Bhagavata Purana 2037:Svabhavika Bhedabheda 2023:Achintya Bheda Abheda 1955:Philosophical schools 1257:Ahamkara (attachment) 1217:Vairagya (dispassion) 1145:Mokṣa-related topics: 509:pots using firewood. 354: 250: 171:Samayapuram Mariamman 150:, South Indian Hindus 53:The goddess Mariamman 4538:, as well as one in 4324:In 2012, the singer 4293:are in the towns of 4145:improve this section 3809:Hinduism and Jainism 2739:Vethathiri Maharishi 2644:Nisargadatta Maharaj 1212:Viveka (discernment) 587:(500/200 BCE–300 CE) 5164:– via Amazon. 5042:Lal, Mohan (2006). 4870:. 30 September 2020 4508:Trinidad and Tobago 4252:Sadasiva Brahmendra 3867:Hinduism portal 3746:Hinduism by country 3582:Iraiyanar Akapporul 3526:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 2609:Dayananda Saraswati 2594:Bhaktivinoda Thakur 2500:Sripada Srivallabha 2440:Raghunatha Siromani 2405:Narasimha Saraswati 1382:Anumāṇa (inference) 445:Goddess of medicine 432:In northern India, 416:, there was once a 5220:General references 5138:M. K. V. Narayan, 4790:Caribbean Shaktism 4396: 4237:Punainallur, near 4083:Caribbean Shaktism 3958: 3761:Caribbean Shaktism 3480:Kanakadhara Stotra 2729:U. G. Krishnamurti 2709:Satyadhyana Tirtha 2305:Gangesha Upadhyaya 1963:Six Astika schools 1207:Ānanda (happiness) 1186:Anātman (non-self) 514:Thanjavur district 360: 263:. She is the main 257: 210:goddess of weather 5280:Consorts of Shiva 5258:Media related to 5111:978-81-952253-4-7 5083:978-1-59682-117-0 5011:978-1-134-93690-8 4984:978-1-108-48027-7 4943:Mariamman Lullaby 4902:978-1-4579-9010-6 4697:Mariamman temple 4295:Veerapandi, Theni 4181: 4180: 4173: 3950: 3949: 3924:quality standards 3903: 3902: 3754:Balinese Hinduism 3253:Markandeya Purana 2490:Satyanatha Tirtha 2445:Raghuttama Tirtha 2435:Raghavendra Swami 2280:Ramdas Kathiababa 1361:Sources of dharma 1227:Dama (temperance) 1222:Sama (equanimity) 588: 485:Fertility goddess 393:According to the 378:, the deities of 305:Sangam literature 196: 195: 5322: 5315:Plague goddesses 5305:Smallpox deities 5295:Health goddesses 5290:Mother goddesses 5285:Forms of Parvati 5257: 5213: 5212: 5210: 5208: 5194: 5188: 5187: 5185: 5183: 5172: 5166: 5165: 5158: 5152: 5149: 5143: 5136: 5130: 5129: 5123: 5115: 5094: 5088: 5087: 5067: 5058: 5057: 5039: 5033: 5032: 5022: 5016: 5015: 4995: 4989: 4988: 4968: 4962: 4961: 4951: 4945: 4939: 4933: 4930: 4924: 4923: 4913: 4907: 4906: 4886: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4860: 4854: 4853: 4842:. Actar D, Inc. 4833: 4827: 4826: 4815:. Anthem Press. 4806: 4714: 4694: 4678: 4658: 4470:neighborhood of 4463:in South Africa. 4423:in South Africa. 4176: 4169: 4165: 4162: 4156: 4125: 4117: 4026:Pari parapputhal 3945: 3942: 3936: 3913: 3905: 3895: 3888: 3881: 3865: 3864: 3863: 3825:and Christianity 3795:Pilgrimage sites 3725:Reform movements 3603:Vinayagar Agaval 3554:Five Great Epics 3503:Tamil literature 3402:Sushruta Samhita 3197:Bhavishya Purana 3183:Brahmanda Purana 3134:Bhagavata Purana 3062:Other scriptures 2624:Mahavatar Babaji 2204:Satyakama Jabala 1875:Ganesh Chaturthi 1729:Rites of passage 1242:Shraddha (faith) 660:Major traditions 586: 551: 528: 527: 146:Primarily rural 51: 32: 31: 5330: 5329: 5325: 5324: 5323: 5321: 5320: 5319: 5265: 5264: 5251: 5222: 5217: 5216: 5206: 5204: 5196: 5195: 5191: 5181: 5179: 5174: 5173: 5169: 5162:"Amma Mariamma" 5160: 5159: 5155: 5150: 5146: 5137: 5133: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5095: 5091: 5084: 5068: 5061: 5054: 5040: 5036: 5023: 5019: 5012: 4996: 4992: 4985: 4969: 4965: 4952: 4948: 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1265: 1202:Prajña (wisdom) 1198: 1175: 1139: 1113: 1082: 1051: 1049:Meaning of life 1036:God in Hinduism 1025: 989: 987:Supreme reality 964:Subtle elements 953: 934: 928: 918: 917: 773: 742: 716: 708: 698: 697: 694: 661: 655: 645: 644: 589: 584:Hindu synthesis 580: 575: 526: 487: 447: 442: 349: 317: 245: 192:, Ādi Thiruviḻa 54: 42: 30: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5328: 5318: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5300:Health deities 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5250: 5249:External links 5247: 5246: 5245: 5230: 5221: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5202:ceylonpages.lk 5189: 5167: 5153: 5144: 5131: 5110: 5089: 5082: 5059: 5052: 5034: 5017: 5010: 4990: 4983: 4963: 4946: 4934: 4925: 4908: 4901: 4881: 4855: 4848: 4828: 4821: 4800: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4793: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4780:Mari (goddess) 4777: 4772: 4770:Madurai Veeran 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4745:Draupadi Amman 4742: 4735: 4732: 4731: 4730: 4716: 4709: 4707: 4696: 4689: 4687: 4680: 4673: 4671: 4660: 4653: 4649: 4646: 4631:Kampung Chetti 4520:Tamil diaspora 4476: 4475: 4474:, in Pakistan. 4464: 4458: 4452: 4446: 4440: 4430: 4424: 4418: 4412: 4406: 4403: 4381: 4378: 4228:Tiruchirapalli 4179: 4178: 4161:September 2022 4129: 4127: 4120: 4114: 4111: 4074: 4071: 4001:Ramanathapuram 3984: 3981: 3948: 3947: 3941:September 2022 3917: 3915: 3908: 3901: 3900: 3898: 3897: 3890: 3883: 3875: 3872: 3871: 3870: 3869: 3856: 3855: 3850: 3842: 3841: 3838: 3837: 3831: 3805: 3804: 3801: 3798: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3782: 3777: 3771: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3750: 3749: 3744: 3741: 3736: 3735: 3732: 3731: 3728: 3727: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3706: 3705: 3698:Discrimination 3694: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3686: 3680: 3679: 3673: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3656: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3634: 3633: 3627: 3626: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3611: 3610: 3607: 3606: 3599: 3592: 3589:Abirami Antati 3585: 3578: 3571: 3564: 3557: 3550: 3543: 3536: 3529: 3522: 3515: 3507: 3506: 3501: 3498: 3497: 3490: 3483: 3475: 3474: 3465: 3462: 3461: 3454: 3447: 3440: 3437:Ramcharitmanas 3433: 3426: 3419: 3412: 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659: 656: 651: 650: 647: 646: 643: 642: 637: 632: 630:Itihasa-Purana 621: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 576: 573: 572: 569: 568: 567: 566: 561: 553: 552: 544: 543: 537: 536: 525: 522: 486: 483: 446: 443: 441: 438: 427:self-immolates 348: 345: 339:, usually the 316: 313: 244: 241: 194: 193: 187: 183: 182: 168: 164: 163: 158: 152: 151: 144: 140: 139: 130: 126: 125: 120: 116: 115: 78: 74: 73: 68: 64: 63: 60: 56: 55: 52: 44: 43: 40: 37: 36: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5327: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5310:Tamil deities 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5263: 5261: 5256: 5243: 5242:0-7914-1268-7 5239: 5235: 5231: 5228: 5224: 5223: 5203: 5199: 5193: 5177: 5171: 5163: 5157: 5148: 5141: 5135: 5127: 5121: 5113: 5107: 5103: 5102: 5093: 5085: 5079: 5075: 5074: 5066: 5064: 5055: 5049: 5045: 5038: 5030: 5029: 5021: 5013: 5007: 5004:. Routledge. 5003: 5002: 4994: 4986: 4980: 4976: 4975: 4967: 4959: 4958: 4950: 4944: 4938: 4929: 4921: 4920: 4912: 4904: 4898: 4894: 4893: 4885: 4869: 4865: 4859: 4851: 4849:9781638408048 4845: 4841: 4840: 4832: 4824: 4822:9781783083626 4818: 4814: 4813: 4805: 4801: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4750:Karumariamman 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4737: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4713: 4708: 4704: 4700: 4693: 4688: 4684: 4677: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4657: 4652: 4651: 4645: 4644:, Sri Lanka 4643: 4638: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4592: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4575:Sungai Petani 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4547: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4456: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4444: 4441: 4438: 4434: 4431: 4428: 4425: 4422: 4419: 4416: 4413: 4410: 4407: 4404: 4402:in Sri Lanka. 4401: 4398: 4397: 4394: 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113:Draupadi 109:Shaktism 89:Mahadevi 4648:Gallery 4623:Kuching 4607:Kuantan 4583:Taiping 4512:Germany 4504:Vietnam 4472:Karachi 4348:midwife 4344:Madurai 4319:Vellore 4201:anthill 4189:granite 4185:shrines 4153:removed 4138:sources 4113:Temples 4099:Vietnam 4054:thangal 4022:thandal 3989:Madurai 3971:At the 3853:Outline 3648:Vaishya 3616:Society 3467:Stotras 3118:Puranas 3044:Nirukta 3034:Chandas 3029:Shiksha 3012:Prashna 2998:Mundaka 2862:Samhita 2826:Rigveda 2689:Samarth 2525:Tukaram 2470:Ravidas 2209:Valmiki 2159:Jaimini 2129:Angiras 2124:Agastya 2116:Ancient 2002:Advaita 1996:Vedanta 1991:Mīmāṃsā 1971:Samkhya 1858:Ramlila 1600:Sādhanā 1490:Tarpana 1475:Kīrtana 1470:Bhajana 1421:Worship 1346:Shaucha 1321:Akrodha 1167:Saṃsāra 1031:Ishvara 1000:Nirguna 995:Brahman 959:Tattvas 883:Krishna 868:Hanuman 863:Ganesha 799:Chandra 794:Ashvins 758:Parvati 753:Lakshmi 740:Tridevi 706:Deities 613:Śramaṇa 593:History 574:Origins 564:History 524:Worship 471:measles 434:Shitala 422:Brahmin 347:Legends 329:trisula 325:trident 309:Kuravar 297:Shitala 285:Rukmini 273:Parvati 232:or the 205:, is a 167:Temples 133:Trident 105:Shitala 101:Parvati 5240:  5108:  5080:  5050:  5008:  4981:  4899:  4846:  4819:  4785:Pidari 4760:Isakki 4699:vimana 4642:Matale 4635:Melaka 4619:Tumpat 4599:Chukai 4587:Gopeng 4500:Guyana 4352:flower 4338:Shakti 4326:Harini 4277:Kaveri 4224:Kaveri 4101:, and 4081:(See: 4058:Ammadi 4040:pari. 3962:pongal 3931:. 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Index

Karumariamman
Marikamba

South India
Devi
Shakti
Mahadevi
Durga
Kali
Parvati
Shitala
Shaktism
Draupadi
Earth
Trident
Sword
Tamil Hindus
Mount
Lion
Samayapuram Mariamman
Punnainallur Mariamman
Tiruverkadu Devi Karumariamman Temple
Navaratri
Hindu
goddess of weather
South India
Tamil Nadu
Deccan
Gramadevatai

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