Parvati - Knowledge

2196: 1889: 2087: 5201: 1485: 1021: 2610: 7052: 1494: 1468: 75: 2601: 1601:– the cupid god of desire who shoots arrows to trigger infatuation. A crescent moon is sometimes included near the head of Parvati particularly the Kamakshi icons, for her being half of Shiva. In South Indian legends, her association with the parrot began when she won a bet with her husband and asked for his loincloth as victory payment; Shiva keeps his word but first transforms her into a parrot. She flies off and takes refuge in the mountain ranges of south India, appearing as Meenakshi (also spelled Minakshi). 2061:

ordered Ganesha not to allow anyone to enter the house, and Ganesha obediently followed his mother's orders. After a while Shiva returned and tried to enter the house, Ganesha stopped him. Shiva was infuriated, lost his temper, and severed the boy's head with his trident. When Parvati came out and saw her son's lifeless body, she was very angry. She demanded that Shiva restore Ganesha's life at once. Shiva did so by attaching an elephant's head to Ganesha's body, thus giving rise to the elephant-headed deity.

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and emotional nourishment and development. Their happiness is her happiness. She is cheerful even when her husband or children are angry; she is with them in adversity or sickness. She takes an interest in worldly affairs beyond her husband and family. She is cheerful and humble before family, friends, and relatives; she helps them if she can. She welcomes guests, feeds them, and encourages a righteous social life. Parvati declares her family life and home are heaven in Book 13 of the Mahabharata.

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female sexuality does not confine the feminine or exhaust their significance and activities in Hindu literature. She is balanced by Durga, who is strong and capable without compromising her femaleness. She manifests in every activity, from water to mountains, from arts to inspiring warriors, from agriculture to dance. Parvati's numerous aspects state Gross, reflects the Hindu belief that the feminine has a universal range of activities, and her gender is not a limiting condition.

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and a collection of ornaments, images of other Hindu deities, pictures, shells, etc. below. Neighbors are invited and presented with turmeric, fruits, flowers, etc. as gifts. At night, prayers are held with singing and dancing. In south Indian states such as Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh, the Kethara Gauri Vritham festival is celebrated on the new moon day of Diwali and married women fast for the day, prepare sweets and worship Parvati for the well-being of the family.

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living in her father's house in itself makes this point, as it is traditional in many parts of India for the wife to leave her father's home upon marriage and become a part of her husband's lineage and live in his home among his relatives. That Shiva dwells in Parvati's house thus implies Her priority in their relationship. Her priority is also demonstrated in her ability, through the Mahavidyas, to thwart Shiva's will and assert her own.

1769:(fire-sacrifice). Daksha insults Shiva when Sati comes on her own. She immolates herself at the ceremony. This shocks Shiva, who is so grief-stricken that he loses interest in worldly affairs, retires, and isolates himself in the mountains, in meditation and austerity. Sati is then reborn as Parvati, the daughter of Himavat and Mainavati, and is named Parvati, or "she from the mountains", after her father Himavant who is also called king 8347: 2315: 362: 1979: 1640: 1817: 1030: 1736: 6798: 6417: 8378: 784: 6790: 2079:

on these swings typically in a green dress (seasonal color of crop planting season), while singing regional songs. Historically, unmarried maidens prayed to Parvati for a good mate, while married women prayed for the well-being of their husbands and visited their relatives. In Nepal, Teej is a three-day festival marked with visits to Shiva-Parvati temples and offerings to linga. Teej is celebrated as

1970: 2682: 1597:, she has eight or ten arms, and is astride on a tiger or lion, wearing a garland of severed heads and skirt of disembodied hands. In benevolent manifestations such as Kamakshi or Meenakshi, a parrot sits near her right shoulder symbolizing cheerful love talk, seeds, and fertility. A parrot is found with Parvati's form as Kamakshi – the goddess of love, as well as 989:, she is the recreative energy and power of Shiva, and she is the cause of a bond that connects all beings and a means of their spiritual release. She is also well known as Kamarupa (the embodiment of one's desires) and Kameshvari (the lordess of one's desires). In Hindu temples, shrines are dedicated to her and Shiva, she is symbolically represented as the 1678:(demon) Daruk. Even after destroying the demon, Kali's wrath could not be controlled. To lower Kali's rage, Shiva appeared as a crying baby. The cries of the baby arouse the maternal instinct of Kali who reverts to her benign form as Parvati. Lord Shiva, in this baby form is Kshethra Balaka (who becomes Rudra Savarni Manu in future). 1796:. This draws the attention of Shiva and awakens his interest. He meets her in disguised form, tries to discourage her, telling her Shiva's weaknesses and personality problems. Parvati refuses to listen and insists on her resolve. Shiva finally accepts her and they get married. Shiva dedicates the following hymn in Parvati's honor, 1394:, who were boasting about their recent defeat of a group of demons. But Kinsley notes: "it is little more than conjecture to identify her with the later goddess Satī-Pārvatī, although later texts that extol Śiva and Pārvatī retell the episode in such a way to leave no doubt that it was Śiva's spouse.." . 1524:), and may have a head-band. When depicted alongside Shiva she generally appears with two arms, but when alone she may be depicted having four. These hands may hold a trident, mirror, rosary, bell, dish, goad, sugarcane stalk, or flowers (such as a lotus). One of her arms in front may be in the Abhaya 2179:

is celebrated from Chaitra Shukla third to Vaishakha Shukla third. This festival is popular in Maharashtra and Karnataka, less observed in North India, and unknown in Bengal. The unwidowed women of the household erect a series of platforms in a pyramidal shape with the image of the goddess at the top

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is a significant festival for Hindu women, particularly in the northern and western states of India. Parvati is the primary deity of the festival, and it ritually celebrates married life and family ties. It also celebrates the monsoon. The festival is marked with swings hung from trees, girls playing

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In Hindu Epic the Mahabharata, she as Umā suggests that the duties of wife and mother are as follows – being of a good disposition, endued with sweet speech, sweet conduct, and sweet features. Her husband is her friend, refuge, and god. She finds happiness in her husband's and her children's physical

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debating concepts in Hindu theology. They are also depicted as quarreling. In stories of the birth of Kartikeya, the couple is described as love-making; generating the seed of Shiva. Parvati's union with Shiva symbolizes the union of a male and female in "ecstasy and sexual bliss". In art, Parvati is

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Parvati thus symbolizes many different virtues esteemed by Hindu tradition: fertility, marital felicity, devotion to the spouse, asceticism, and power. Parvati represents the householder ideal in the perennial tension in Hinduism in the household ideal and the ascetic ideal, the latter represented by

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Several Hindu stories present alternate aspects of Parvati, such as the ferocious, violent aspect as Shakti and related forms. Shakti is pure energy, untamed, unchecked, and chaotic. Her wrath crystallizes into a dark, blood-thirsty, tangled-hair Goddess with an open mouth and a drooping tongue. This

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Parvati is expressed in many roles, moods, epithets, and aspects. In Hindu mythology, she is an active agent of the universe, the power of Shiva. She is expressed in nurturing and benevolent aspects, as well as destructive and ferocious aspects. She is the voice of encouragement, reason, freedom, and

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or Shyama, as a calm and placid wife Parvati mentioned as Gauri and as a goddess who destroys evil she is Kali. Regional stories of Gauri suggest an alternate origin for Gauri's name and complexion. In parts of India, Gauri's skin color is golden or yellow in honor of her being the goddess of ripened

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is a festival observed in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. It is believed that on this day, Parvati met Shiva after her long penance and Shiva took her as his wife. On this day Hindu women perform the Thiruvathirakali accompanied by Thiruvathira paattu (folk songs about Parvati and her longing and penance for

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The fact that can physically restrain Shiva dramatically makes the point that she is superior in power. The theme of the superiority of the goddess over male deities is common in Shakta texts, so the story is stressing a central Shakta theological principle. ... The fact that Shiva and Parvati are

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Once, while Parvati wanted to take a bath, there were no attendants around to guard her and stop anyone from accidentally entering the house. Hence she created an image of a boy out of turmeric paste which she prepared to cleanse her body and infused life into it, and thus Ganesha was born. Parvati

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Rita Gross states, that the view of Parvati only as ideal wife and mother is incomplete symbolism of the power of the feminine in the mythology of India. Parvati, along with other goddesses, is involved with a broad range of culturally valued goals and activities. Her connection with motherhood and

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If Parvati is depicted with two hands, Kataka mudra—also called Katyavalambita or Katisamsthita hasta—is common, as well as Abhaya (fearlessness, fear not) and Varada (beneficence) are representational in Parvati's iconography. Parvati's right hand in Abhaya mudra symbolizes "do not fear anyone or

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of ethical and proper life. Shiva is portrayed in Hindu legends as the ideal ascetic withdrawn in his personal pursuit in the mountains with no interest in social life, while Parvati is portrayed as the ideal householder keen on nurturing worldly life and society. Numerous chapters, stories, and

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In some iconography, Parvati's hands may symbolically express many mudras (symbolic hand gestures). For example, Kataka — representing fascination and enchantment, Hirana — representing the antelope, the symbolism for nature and the elusive, Tarjani by the left hand—representing the gesture of

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texts, that she is said to transcend even Shiva, and is identified as the Supreme Being. Just as Shiva is at once the presiding deity of destruction and regeneration, the couple jointly symbolize at once both the power of renunciation and asceticism and the blessings of marital felicity.

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There are many alternate Hindu legends about the birth of Parvati and how she married Shiva. In the Harivamsa, for example, Parvati has two younger sisters called Ekaparna and Ekapatala. According to Devi Bhagavata Purana and Shiva Purana mount Himalaya and his wife Mena appease goddess

1844:. Pleased, Adi Parashakti herself is born as their daughter Parvati. Each major story about Parvati's birth and marriage to Shiva has regional variations, suggesting creative local adaptations. The stories go through many ups and downs until Parvati and Shiva are finally married. 1912:(the Lord who is half-woman), and the image of the linga and the yoni. These images that combine the masculine and feminine energies, Shiva and Parvati, yield a vision of reconciliation, interdependence, and harmony between the way of the ascetic and that of a householder. 1620:

From being born as a human, showing determination and perseverance in marrying Shiva (who preferred being an ascetic), to realizing with the great effort her true power and potential, awakening the Adishakti in herself, and becoming a goddess venerated by the

1532:, is on her knee, while her younger son Skanda may be playing near her in her watch. In ancient temples, Parvati's sculpture is often depicted near a calf or cow. Bronze has been the chief metal for her sculpture, while stone is the next most common material. 2419:

Each major Parvati-Shiva temple is a pilgrimage site that has an ancient legend associated with it, which is typically a part of a larger story that links these Hindu temples across South Asia with each other. Some temples where Parvati can be found include:

1563:, it almost always has both linga and the yoni. The icon represents the interdependence and union of feminine and masculine energies in recreation and regeneration of all life. In some depictions, Parvati and Shiva are shown in various forms of sexual union. 1853:("Birth of Kumara") describes the story of the maiden Parvati who has made up her mind to marry Shiva and get him out of his recluse, intellectual, austere world of aloofness. Her devotions aimed at gaining the favor of Shiva, the subsequent annihilation of 1952:. This event occurs while Shiva is living with Parvati in her father's house. Following an argument, he attempts to walk out on her. Her rage at Shiva's attempt to walk out manifests in the form of ten terrifying goddesses who block Shiva's every exit. 1442:

and Agni, Parvati in Puranas text is a combination of wives of Rudra. In other words, the symbolism, legends, and characteristics of Parvati evolved fusing Uma, Haimavati, Ambika in one aspect and the more ferocious, destructive Kali, Gauri,

1857:, the consequent fall of the universe into barren lifelessness, regeneration of life, the subsequent marriage of Parvati and Shiva, the birth of Kartikeya, and the eventual resurrection of Kamadeva after Parvati intercedes for him to Shiva. 2136:, in which all her manifestations are worshiped over nine days. Popular in eastern India, particularly in Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand and Assam, as well as several other parts of India such as Gujarat, with her nine forms, that is, 2228:(bead) formed naturally from the seed of a tree found in India. Two seeds of this tree sometimes naturally grow as fused and are considered symbolic of Parvati and Shiva. These seeds are strung into garlands and worn, or used in 2795:

found in some sects of Buddhism, particularly Tibetan and Nepalese, is related to Parvati. Tara too appears in many manifestations. In tantric sects of Buddhism, as well as Hinduism, intricate symmetrical art forms of

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Parvati is portrayed as the ideal wife, mother, and householder in Indian legends. In Indian art, this vision of the ideal couple is derived from Shiva and Parvati as being half of the other, represented as

2776:, Parwati of Balinese Hinduism is the goddess of earth. The legends about various manifestations of Parwati, and how she changes from one form to another, are in Balinese literature, such as the palm-leaf ( 1943:

Shaiva's approaches tend to look upon Parvati as the Shiva's submissive and obedient wife. However, Shaktas focus on Parvati's equality or even superiority to her consort. The story of the birth of the ten

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and the rest of the entire universe, Parvati inspires a person to embrace their human strengths and flaws, and utilize them to achieve their highest potential, to live life with their head held up high.

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Selected Papers from the 10th International Conference of the European Association of Southeast Asian Archaeologists: the British Museum, London, 14th–17th September 2004: Interpreting Southeast Asia's

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According to different versions of her chronicles, the maiden Parvati resolves to marry Shiva. Her parents learn of her desire, discourage her, but she pursues what she wants. Indra sends the god

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Rita M. Gross (1978), Hindu Female Deities as a Resource for the Contemporary Rediscovery of the Goddess, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Vol. 46, No. 3 (Sep. 1978), pp. 269–291

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Sculpture and iconography of Parvati, in one of her many manifestations, have been found in temples and literature of Southeast Asia. For example, early Saivite inscriptions of the Khmer in

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menace, and Chandrakal — representing the moon, a symbol of intelligence. Kataka is expressed by hands closer to the devotee; Tarjani mudra with the left hand, but far from the devotee.

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Betty Seid (2004), The Lord Who Is Half Woman (Ardhanarishvara), Art Institute of Chicago Museum Studies, Vol. 30, No. 1, Notable Acquisitions at The Art Institute of Chicago, pp. 48–49

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dedicated to Siva-Parvati are from the second half of 1st millennium AD, and some from later centuries. Durga icons and worship have been dated to be from the 10th- to 13th-century.

1701:, Gauri and many others in modern-day Hinduism, many of these "forms" or aspects originated from regional legends and traditions, and the distinctions from Parvati are pertinent. 1370:, suggesting her to be the same as Uma and Ambika in the Upanishad, referring to Parvati is thus an embodiment of divine knowledge and the mother of the world. She appears as the 1788:

to ashes. Parvati does not lose her hope or her resolve to win over Shiva. She begins to live in mountains like Shiva, engage in the same activities as Shiva, one of asceticism,

2195: 2110:). Parvati is worshipped as the goddess of harvest and protector of women. Her festival, chiefly observed by women, is closely associated with the festival of her son Ganesha ( 1417:(4th through the 13th centuries) that the stories of Sati-Parvati and Shiva acquire more comprehensive details. Kinsley adds that Parvati may have emerged from legends of non- 8407: 4333: 2846:

is the mythological figure, goddess of the mountains, paralleling Parvati; while in some mythologies from islands of Greece, the terrifying goddess mirroring Parvati is

2652:, dated as early as the fifth century AD, mention Parvati (Uma) and Siva. Many ancient and medieval era Cambodian temples, rock arts and river bed carvings such as the 2129:

festival. The festival starts on the first day of Chaitra the day after Holi and continues for 18 days. Images of Issar and Gauri are made from Clay for the festival.

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Uma devi/Tripura Parvati, a goddess who looks like Bhuvaneshvari. She assumed to destroy ego of Devas. Her Dhyana Shloka is mentioned in 13th chapter of Devi Mahatmya.

3015: 1888: 2256:, and she appears on coins holding a flower. On her coin is also shown Shiva, who is sometimes shown in the ithyphallic state holding a trident and standing near 939:. She is a primordial goddess in Hinduism. Parvati and Shiva have taken many incarnations and divine forms together. Parvati is the mother of the Hindu deities 1583:. The hands mimic motherly gesture, and when included in a dance, the dancer symbolically expresses Parvati. Alternatively, if both hands of the dancer are in 900:

goddess of power, energy, nourishment, harmony, love, beauty, devotion, and motherhood. She is one of the central deities of the goddess-oriented sect called

1166:, Parvati is referred to as Aparna ('One who took no sustenance') and then addressed as Uma, who was dissuaded by her mother from severe austerity by saying 4643:

R. Agarwal (2008), "Cultural Collusion: South Asia and the construction of the Modern Thai Identities", Mahidol University International College (Thailand)

1716:, Parvati is the lineal progenitor of all other goddesses. She is worshiped as one with many forms and names. Her form or incarnation depends on her mood. 8949: 8751: 6263: 2429: 8924: 8909: 3317:

Hariani Santiko, The Goddess Durgā (warrior form of Parvati)in the East-Javanese Period, Asian Folklore Studies, Vol. 56, No. 2 (1997), pp. 209–226

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Parvati is sometimes shown with golden or yellow color skin, particularly as goddess Gauri, symbolizing her as the goddess of ripened harvests.

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Parvati, the gentle aspect of Devi Shakti, is usually represented as fair, beautiful, and benevolent. She typically wears a red dress (often a

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Parvati with Shiva and sons Ganesha (leftmost) and Kartikeya (rightmost). Parvati is depicted with green complexion, denoting dark complexion.

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that wields a sword, wears a garland of severed heads, and protects her devotees and destroys all evil that plagues the world and its beings.

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dance. In many myths, Parvati is not as much his complement as his rival, tricking, seducing, or luring him away from his ascetic practices.

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Ellen Goldberg (2002), The Lord Who Is Half Woman: Ardhanarisvara in Indian and Feminist Perspective, State University of New York Press,

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dated to mid-1st millennium BCE contains a goddess called Uma-Haimavati, a very common alternate name for Parvati. Sayana's commentary in

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Sanderson, Alexis (2004), "The Saiva Religion among the Khmers, Part I.", Bulletin de Ecole frangaise d'Etreme-Orient, 90–91, pp 349–462

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Helen Jessup (2008), The rock shelter of Peuong Kumnu and Visnu Images on Phnom Kulen, Vol. 2, National University of Singapore Press,

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Shiva himself, Shiva and Parvati are sometimes thought of as being identical and the same as a higher "God" who is both male and female

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legends revolve around their mutual devotion as well as disagreements, their debates on Hindu philosophy as well as the proper life.

1162:(Shiva's wife, who is the incarnation of Parvati) in earlier texts, but in the Ramayana, it is used as a synonym for Parvati. In the 4556: 2301:) are considered special because of their historical importance and legends about their origins in the ancient texts of Hinduism. 1502:

Shivlinga icons are common for Parvati and Shiva. She is symbolically the yoni in the core of a 9th-century Hindu temple of Java,

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Hariani Santiko (1997), The Goddess Durgā in the East-Javanese Period, Asian Folklore Studies, Vol. 56, No. 2 (1997), pp. 209–226

4534:(2002), "The Art of Champa", in Emmanuel Guillon (Editor) – Hindu-Buddhist Art in Vietnam: Treasures from Champa, Trumbull, p. 39 1605:

strength, as well as of resistance, power, action and retributive justice. This paradox symbolizes her willingness to realign to

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province of Thailand, excavations at Dev Sathan have yielded a Hindu Temple dedicated to Vishnu (Na Pra Narai), a lingam in the

8414: 993:. She is found extensively in ancient Indian literature, and her statues and iconography are present in Hindu temples all over 4392:

James Lochtefeld (2005), "Gauri-Shankar" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A-M, pp. 244, Rosen Publishing,

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rooted in the belief of Parvati and Shiva as the ideal equal complementing halves of the other. Gauri-Shankar is a particular

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James Lochtefeld (2005), "Parvati" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 2: N–Z, pp. 503–505, Rosen Publishing,

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Meenakshi Amman temple in Madurai, Tamil Nadu is a major temple dedicated to Meenakshi, an aspect of Hindu goddess Parvati.

2999: 2718:, a Shiva temple (San Pra Isuan). The sculpture of Parvati found at this excavation site reflects the South Indian style. 6036: 2750:. Uma or Parwati is considered as the mother goddess that nurtures, nourishes, grants fertility to crop and all life. As 2425: 1112: 5088: 4999: 4947: 4921: 4904: 4887: 4870: 4809: 4792: 4756: 4739: 4715: 4698: 4577: 4519: 4484: 4450: 4433: 4416: 4380: 4311: 4278: 4249: 4230: 4142: 4125: 4014: 3873: 3805: 3785: 3768: 3739: 3722: 3705: 3654: 3477: 3399: 3343: 3206: 3158: 3141: 3125: 2454: 2207:

From sculpture to dance, many Indian arts explore and express the stories of Parvati and Shiva as themes. For example,

2012:. This concept is represented as an androgynous image that is half man and half woman, Siva and Parvati, respectively. 7443: 4710:

Michele Stephen (2005), Desire Divine & Demonic: Balinese Mysticism in the Paintings, University of Hawaii Press,

2387: 2252:(North India) feature Uma. These were issued sometime between the 3rd- and 7th-century AD. In Bactria, Uma is spelled 5022: 4467: 4397: 4295: 4214: 4168: 3968: 3671: 3666:

James Lochtefeld (2005), "Yoni" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 2: N–Z, pp. 784, Rosen Publishing,

3105: 3063: 2406: 812: 8275: 2359: 2344: 1559:. The linga-yoni icon is widespread, found in Shaivite Hindu temples of South Asia and Southeast Asia. Often called 9060: 6249: 8263: 7794: 2474: 3887: 2854:). At Ephesus, Cybele is shown with lions, just like the iconography of Parvati is sometimes shown with a lion. 1869:

Shiva. Renunciation and asceticism is highly valued in Hinduism, as is the householder's life – both feature as

951:. For Hindus, she is considered to be the divine energy between a man and a woman, like the energy of Shiva and 8381: 8092: 6130: 5200: 2366: 2340: 1082: 8221: 5548: 4445:

Arthur L. Friedberg and Ira S. Friedberg (2009), Gold Coins of the World: From Ancient Times to the Present,

629: 27: 1992:– the Hindu concept of an ideal couple as complementing union, inspired by Siva-Parvati. Ardhanarishvara in 1881:

dance, Parvati is described as calming him or complementing his violence by slow, creative steps of her own

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Ananda Coomaraswamy, Saiva Sculptures, Museum of Fine Arts Bulletin, Vol. 20, No. 118 (Apr. 1922), pp 15–24

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reaches Shiva and shoots an arrow of desire. Shiva opens his third eye in his forehead and burns the cupid

1765:'s wishes. The conflict between Daksha and Shiva gets to a point where Daksha does not invite Shiva to his 4137:

Wojciech Maria Zalewski (2012), The Crucible of Religion: Culture, Civilization, and Affirmation of Life,

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Keller and Ruether (2006), Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America, Indiana University Press,

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Religious Education in the Secondary School: An Introduction to Teaching, Learning and the World Religions

2264:). On coins issued by king Harsha, Parvati and Shiva are seated on a bull and the reverse of the coin has 9080: 9075: 9070: 8285: 6600: 5486: 5232: 4244:

Constance Jones (2011), Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays (Editor – J. Gordon Melton),

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Ananda Coomaraswamy, Saiva Sculptures, Museum of Fine Arts Bulletin, Vol. 20, No. 118 (Apr. 1922), pp 17

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and Mahalakshmi Ashtakam give many epithets to the goddess based on the demons she had won over such as

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The apparent contradiction that Parvati is addressed as the golden one, Gauri, as well as the dark one,

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Parvati is known by many names in Hindu literature. Other names which associate her with mountains are

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The Triumph of the Goddess: The Canonical Models and Theological Visions of the Devi-Bhagavata Purana

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Parvati is often present with Shiva in Saivite Hindu temples all over South Asia and Southeast Asia.

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and Nirriti, and being a mountain goddess herself, was associated with other mountain goddesses like

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AH Dani et al., History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Vol. 2, Editors: Harmatta et al., UNESCO,

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Stella Kramrisch (1975), The Indian Great Goddess, History of Religions, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 235–265

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Dozens of ancient temples dedicated to Parvati as Uma, with Siva, have been found in the islands of

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The Hindu Religious Year By Muriel Marion Underhill p.50 Published 1991 Asian Educational Services

2580: 2336: 2325: 1780:– the Hindu god of desire, erotic love, attraction, and affection, to awake Shiva from meditation. 916:, the primordial power behind the creation of the universe, the creator and destroyer according to 20: 6946: 4916:

Edmund Ronald Leach, The Essential Edmund Leach: Culture and human nature, Yale University Press,

3517: 3416:. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 68. 2746:. Like Hinduism of India, Uma has many manifestations in Bali, Indonesia. She is married to deity 1657:

Parvati is expressed in many different aspects. As Annapurna she feeds, as Durga she is ferocious.

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is dedicated to her, symbolizing divine mother. It is a joint hand gesture, and is one of sixteen

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Paul Courtright (1978), Ganesa: Lord of Obstacles, Lord of Beginnings, Oxford University Press,

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Stella Kramrisch (1975), The Indian Great Goddess, History of Religions, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 261

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Three images are central to the mythology, iconography, and philosophy of Parvati: the image of

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words for "mountain"; "Parvati" derives her name from being incarnated as the daughter of king

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Michael Tawa (2001), At Kbal Spean, Architectural Theory Review, Volume 6, Issue 1, pp 134–137

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depicted seated on Shiva's knee or standing beside him (together the couple is referred to as

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David Frawley (1994), Tantric Yoga and the Wisdom Goddesses: Spiritual Secrets of Ayurveda,

1493: 606: 176:

Sarvamaṅgalamāṅgalye Śive Sarvārthasādhike । Śaraṇye Tryambake Gauri Nārāyaṇi Namo'stu Te ।।

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Steven Leuthold (2011), Cross-Cultural Issues in Art: Frames for Understanding, Routledge,

3780:

Sally Kempton (2013), Awakening Shakti: The Transformative Power of the Goddesses of Yoga,

2755: 2674:. Her manifestation as Durga has also been found in southeast Asia. Many of the temples in 2627:

Parvati as Uma or Durga sculpture are found in Southeast Asia. An 8th century Parvati from

2528: 2520: 2488: 2443: 1609:(reality) and adapts to the needs of circumstances in her role as the universal mother. As 1507: 1444: 220: 134: 8: 8964: 8570: 8350: 8317: 8196: 8087: 8022: 7872: 7731: 7611: 7483: 7311: 7248: 7201: 6650: 6405: 6059: 6054: 5717: 5574: 5108: 4553: 2215:, a form of dance-drama choreography, adapts the romantic episodes of Parvati and Shiva. 1720:

Akhilandeshwari, found in coastal regions of India, is the goddess associated with water.

1614: 1467: 1067: 371: 8445: 7000: 6860: 4961: 4751:

David Leeming (2005), The Oxford Companion to World Mythology, Oxford University Press,

8730: 8590: 8497: 8152: 8111: 7403: 7216: 7161: 6084: 5993: 5840: 5818: 5504: 4865:

Alain Daniélou (1992), Gods of Love and Ecstasy: The Traditions of Shiva and Dionysus,

4727: 4408: 4040: 4009:

Alain Daniélou (1992), Gods of Love and Ecstasy: The Traditions of Shiva and Dionysus,

3940: 3338:

Alain Daniélou (1992), Gods of Love and Ecstasy: The Traditions of Shiva and Dionysus,

2930: 2576: 2540: 1926: 1248: 770: 513: 469: 236: 7376: 7351: 1674:, Parvati undergoes a metamorphosis into Kali, at the request of Shiva, to destroy an 1378:. Her primary role is as a mediator who reveals the knowledge of Brahman to the Vedic 74: 9040: 8914: 8575: 8367: 8361: 8241: 8231: 8097: 8032: 7425: 7366: 7221: 7211: 6588: 6226: 6220: 6202: 6140: 5790: 5682: 5476: 5471: 5451: 5401: 5242: 5074: 5018: 4995: 4976: 4943: 4917: 4900: 4883: 4866: 4805: 4788: 4752: 4735: 4711: 4694: 4657:, monument, image, and text (Vol. 10, p. 135), National University of Singapore Press 4624: 4597: 4573: 4515: 4480: 4463: 4446: 4429: 4412: 4393: 4376: 4307: 4291: 4274: 4245: 4226: 4210: 4164: 4138: 4121: 4010: 3964: 3869: 3801: 3781: 3764: 3735: 3718: 3701: 3667: 3650: 3497: 3473: 3395: 3339: 3280: 3245: 3202: 3154: 3137: 3121: 3101: 3059: 3005: 2941: 2908: 2836: 2812: 2380: 1158:. Two of Parvati's most famous epithets are Uma and Aparna. The name Uma is used for 1108: 962:, and also has several fearsome forms and killed evil beings in forms such as Gauri, 877: 853: 829: 636: 496: 481: 345: 232: 8919: 7832: 6882: 4593:

Magic Coins of Java, Bali and the Malay Peninsula: Thirteenth to Twentieth Centuries

2700: 1421:

goddesses that lived in mountains. While the word Uma appears in earlier Upanisads,

1224:, and many hundreds of others. Parvati is also the goddess of love and devotion, or 8994: 8984: 8610: 8580: 8472: 8102: 8012: 7903: 7503: 7498: 7463: 7438: 7324: 7281: 6968: 6828: 6520: 6150: 6145: 6135: 6064: 5988: 5940: 5882: 5872: 5862: 5855: 5835: 5762: 5270: 2842: 2470: 2111: 1793: 1593:

In some manifestations, particularly as angry, ferocious aspects of Shakti such as

1349: 1278: 1010: 798: 593: 538: 7286: 2834:

and goddess of fertility and birthing, she is the symbolic equivalent of Ephesian

1693:. Although Parvati is considered another aspect of Shakti, just like Kali, Durga, 1103:. King Parvata is considered lord of the mountains and the personification of the 8954: 8939: 8653: 8502: 8371: 8236: 8189: 8171: 8121: 8055: 8037: 7980: 7930: 7749: 7653: 7526: 7488: 7458: 7296: 7186: 7025: 7018: 6865: 6746: 6475: 6460: 6284: 6230: 6125: 5955: 5903: 5643: 5396: 5275: 5060: 4591: 4560: 4531: 3095: 3053: 2792: 1993: 1988: 1936: 1909: 1849: 1571:

anything", while her Varada mudra symbolizes "wish-fulfilling". In Indian dance,

1427: 1294: 1229: 1155: 1043: 948: 788: 742: 518: 429: 290: 6951: 4973:

Hindu Goddesses: Visions of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Tradition

2932:

Hindu Goddesses: Visions of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Tradition

2600: 1877:

Parvati tames Shiva with her presence. When Shiva does his violent, destructive

1749:– the wedding of Shiva (four-armed figure, right) and Parvati (two-armed, left). 8565: 8544: 8477: 8206: 8142: 7985: 7329: 7206: 7176: 7011: 6374: 6094: 5701: 5466: 5456: 3472:

Ernest Payne (1997), The Saktas: An Introductory and Comparative Study, Dover,

3268: 2880:

equates Parvati in her relationship with Shiva, with that of the Greek goddess

2864:, states that aspects of Parvati belong to the same category of goddesses like 1841: 1758: 1745: 1358: 1311: 1159: 1063: 998: 959: 661: 553: 491: 486: 6875: 1996:(left), and as an androgynous painting with one half Shiva, the other Parvati. 1860:

Parvati's legends are intrinsically related to Shiva. In the goddess-oriented

1425:

notes that the earliest known explicit use of the name Pārvatī occurs in late

9019: 8929: 8884: 8620: 8534: 8487: 8322: 8226: 8005: 7779: 7517: 7408: 7319: 7253: 6711: 6272: 5998: 5970: 5877: 5601: 5446: 5436: 5386: 5378: 5338: 5333: 5280: 4666: 3763:

Devdutt Pattanaik (2014), Pashu: Animal Tales from Hindu Mythology, Penguin,

2873: 2572: 2552: 2282: 2277: 2245: 2145: 2141: 2107: 2053: 2045: 1920: 1825: 1682: 1447:

in another aspect. Tate suggests Parvati is a mixture of the Vedic goddesses

1316: 752: 651: 543: 523: 508: 474: 382: 250: 228: 224: 2618: 1689:

who assumes the form of a buffalo. In this aspect, she is known by the name

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Gurnam Singh Sidhu Brard (2007), East of Indus: My Memories of Old Punjab,

4163:

A Pande (2004), Ardhanarishvara, the Androgyne: Probing the Gender Within,

3584: 3460: 3367: 3276: 3225: 3186: 2877: 2827:

and punisher of all evil, she corresponds to Proserpine and Diana Taurica.

2548: 2257: 2183: 2049: 1740: 1685:, Parvati assumes the form of a warrior-goddess and defeats a demon called 1671: 1435: 694: 641: 295: 50:

Goddess of Power, Nourishment, Devotion, Motherhood, Fertility, and Harmony

6416: 6241: 4120:

MB Wangu (2003), Images of Indian Goddesses: Myths, Meanings, and Models,

1648: 1268: 890: 866: 842: 8989: 8959: 8944: 8641: 8605: 8549: 8456: 8423: 8184: 8017: 7945: 7935: 7847: 7837: 7812: 7453: 7448: 7339: 7133: 7117: 7060: 6995: 6931: 6704: 6679: 6620: 6394: 6276: 6046: 5932: 5867: 5804: 5428: 5328: 5310: 5300: 2851: 2772: 2759: 2743: 2484: 2169: 2137: 2115: 2099: 1832:(also known as Skanda and Murugan) – the leader of celestial armies, and 1803: 1405: 1258: 656: 457: 262: 211: 66: 31: 3363:

Original Sanskrit Texts on the Origin and History of the People of India

2102:, or Gauri Festival, is celebrated on the seventh, eighth, and ninth of 8767: 8746: 8719: 8691: 8524: 8507: 8482: 8467: 8461: 8082: 8050: 7995: 7852: 7561: 7398: 7371: 7153: 6926: 6686: 6615: 6329: 6185: 5960: 5913: 5626: 5348: 5222: 5173: 4804:

Rebeca French, The Golden Yoke: The Legal Cosmology of Buddhist Tibet,

2653: 2504: 2433: 2153: 2103: 1945: 1409:

present Parvati as Shiva's wife. However, it is not until the plays of

1300: 1283: 994: 971: 727: 601: 548: 258: 150: 4963:

Researches Into the Nature and Affinity of Ancient and Hindu Mythology

4672:

Miscellaneous Papers Relating to Indo-China and the Indian Archipelago

1397:

Sati-Parvati appears in the epic period (400 BCE–400 CE), as both the

947:. The Puranas also say that she is the companion of the river goddess 8904: 8864: 8696: 8630: 8600: 8554: 8441: 8201: 7990: 7940: 7913: 7862: 7827: 7817: 7769: 7668: 7636: 7581: 7478: 7433: 7107: 6674: 6605: 6495: 6438: 6354: 5950: 5738: 5665: 5621: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5343: 5320: 5295: 5257: 5161: 5131: 4966:. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green – via Internet Archive. 3189:, The Encyclopaedia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, pp 153 3097:Śaivism Under the Imperial Cōl̲as as Revealed Through Their Monuments 2881: 2857: 2667: 2639: 2494: 2439: 2224: 2219: 2212: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2149: 2119: 2091: 2033: 1829: 1698: 1503: 1163: 1107:; Parvati implies "she of the mountain". Aparneshara Temple of Yama, 1104: 1051: 975: 944: 925: 737: 722: 689: 579: 444: 419: 321: 246: 164: 146: 8889: 4589: 3463:, The Encyclopedia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, pp 381 2314: 8974: 8969: 8899: 8894: 8650: 8451: 8246: 8065: 8060: 7950: 7887: 7867: 7698: 7534: 7361: 7334: 7301: 7243: 7143: 7138: 7112: 7037: 6921: 6793: 6741: 6697: 6669: 6639: 6625: 6545: 6505: 6490: 6349: 6292: 5945: 5908: 5845: 5670: 5631: 5616: 5606: 5596: 5564: 5517: 5285: 5247: 5217: 5209: 5168: 5126: 5097: 3936: 2696: 2687: 2671: 2649: 2628: 2133: 1870: 1854: 1777: 1709: 1705: 1694: 1666: 1622: 1610: 1410: 1399: 1320: 1288: 1273: 1233: 1225: 1202: 1088: 986: 917: 909: 905: 901: 897: 584: 434: 390: 353: 160: 126: 96: 91:

Uma, Gauri, Aparna, Durga, Kali, Girija, Haimavati, Ambika, Bhavani

53: 7075: 4375:

Ragini Devi (2002), Dance Dialects of India, Motilal Banarsidass,

4225:

Robert Brown (1991), Ganesh: Studies of an Asian God, SUNY Press,

1978: 1836:– the god of wisdom that prevents problems and removes obstacles. 1816: 361: 8979: 8685: 8671: 8625: 8519: 8147: 8000: 7918: 7908: 7683: 7673: 7641: 7631: 7586: 7571: 7566: 7346: 7291: 7276: 7268: 7235: 7102: 7005: 6980: 6956: 6855: 6845: 6691: 6664: 6525: 6500: 6480: 6443: 6433: 6359: 6339: 6334: 6324: 6319: 6197: 5660: 5305: 5227: 5136: 3649:

Suresh Chandra (1998), Encyclopedia of Hindu Gods and Goddesses,

3637:, Oxford Illustrated Encyclopedia, Oxford University Press, pp 10 2865: 2801: 2660: 2635: 2562: 2241: 2126: 2029: 2028:

Parvati is seen as the mother of two widely worshipped deities —

1916: 1878: 1833: 1807: 1735: 1639: 1529: 1414: 1379: 1375: 1208: 1134: 1092: 1047: 940: 929: 921: 616: 439: 327: 277: 130: 80: 62: 6941: 6797: 2819:, Parvati parallels Mater Montana. She is the equivalent of the 1434:

Weber suggests that just like Shiva is a combination of various

1029: 8676: 8666: 8661: 8179: 8157: 7970: 7923: 7882: 7764: 7754: 7693: 7601: 7544: 7539: 7393: 7080: 6916: 6902: 6887: 6787: 6635: 6630: 6595: 6583: 6573: 6540: 6530: 6465: 6384: 6364: 6302: 6297: 6192: 6180: 5850: 5753: 5749: 5638: 5611: 5522: 5237: 5151: 4882:

Joel Ryce-Menuhin (1994), Jung and the Monotheisms, Routledge,

4572:

Peter Levenda (2011), Tantric Temples: Eros and Magic in Java,

2808: 2797: 2632: 2450: 2265: 2249: 2080: 1949: 1905: 1861: 1762: 1754: 1472: 1391: 1228:(the goddess of fertility), abundance and food/nourishment, or 1151: 1055: 982: 952: 913: 732: 704: 699: 404: 195: 188: 184: 171: 122: 3197: 3195: 1528:(hand gesture for 'fear not'), one of her children, typically 8681: 8422: 8075: 8070: 7774: 7744: 7678: 7658: 7596: 7576: 7549: 7388: 7090: 6990: 6936: 6892: 6870: 6659: 6578: 6510: 6470: 6455: 6379: 6344: 6307: 5675: 5591: 5178: 5156: 2954: 1901: 1882: 1766: 1690: 1675: 1540: 1525: 1511: 1452: 1448: 1439: 1418: 1334: 1329: 1262: 1253: 1196: 1059: 1039: 963: 936: 611: 464: 414: 306: 204: 138: 26:"Parvati Devi" and "Urvi" redirect here. For other uses, see 4334:"Tubers are the veggies of choice to celebrate Thiruvathira" 2742:(daughter of the mountains). She is the goddess of mountain 2681: 1969: 908:. She is a physical representation and benevolent aspect of 8116: 8045: 8027: 7975: 7759: 7703: 7663: 7623: 7606: 7591: 7556: 6985: 6897: 6610: 6550: 6515: 6485: 6425: 6399: 6389: 6369: 6314: 5533: 5265: 5183: 5118: 5066: 3425: 3423: 3192: 2869: 2731: 2675: 2075: 1789: 1594: 1536: 1521: 1456: 1387: 1383: 1240: 967: 885: 861: 837: 747: 684: 679: 424: 399: 254: 200: 142: 118: 4899:

Ann Casement (2001), Carl Gustav Jung, SAGE Publications,

3435: 2815:

the guardian goddess of children. In her manifestation as

1613:, she identifies and destroys evil for protection, and as 6789: 5041:

Umā-Maheśvara: An Iconographic Study of the Divine Couple

4323:

The Hindu Religious Year By Muriel Marion Underhill p.100

2762:, a major volcano in Bali. Her ferocious form in Bali is 4771:

Buddhism: In Its Connection with Brāhmanism and Hindūism

4563:, Thesis, Department of History, University of Hong Kong 4191: 4020: 3816: 3814: 3559: 3533: 3531: 3420: 3378: 3376: 2804:

are dedicated to different aspects of Tara and Parvati.

2691:. She is variously interpreted as Parvati or as Lakshmi. 2659:

Boisselier has identified Uma in a Champa era temple in

1170:('oh, don't'). Uma also means that "the One born out of 6850: 3943:

is the first daughter and the elder sister of Parvati (

1352:. Instead, Ambika, Rudrani and others are found in the 1115:

is considered as the birthplace of Parvati and site of

4063: 3826: 3615: 3153:

Frithjof Schuon (2003), Roots of the Human Condition,

2807:

Parvati is closely related in symbolism and powers to

2125:

In Rajasthan, the worship of Gauri happens during the

4554:

Saivism in Indonesia during the Hindu-Javanese period

4462:

Devangana Desai, Khajuraho, Oxford University Press,

4355:"Thiruvathira – Kerala's own version of Karva Chauth" 4099: 4087: 4051: 3973: 3905: 3838: 3811: 3528: 3373: 2973: 1587:

mudra, it symbolizes an alternate aspect of Parvati.

3850: 2132:

Another popular festival in reverence of Parvati is

7051: 4075: 4000:

Ganesa: Unravelling an Enigma By Yuvraj Krishan p.6

3603: 2965:

sfn error: no target: CITEREFCushRobinsonYork2008 (

2770:, she is wrathful and presides over cemeteries. As 2730:, is a principal goddess in modern-day Hinduism of 1579:, denoting the most important deities described in 3051: 2929: 2921: 1617:, she creates food and abundance for nourishment. 4623:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 178–179. 3885: 3552:, III.1–-IV.3, cited in Müller and in Sarma, pp. 9017: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3169: 3167: 2960: 4590:Joe Cribb; Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles (1999). 3888:"The manifestation of Umā [Chapter 49]" 3201:H.V. Dehejia, Parvati: Goddess of Love, Mapin, 3120:H.V. Dehejia, Parvati: Goddess of Love, Mapin, 3093: 1348:The word Parvati does not explicitly appear in 4732:Perfect Order: Recognizing Complexity in Bali, 3752:The Shaktas: an introductory comparative study 2218:The Gauri-Shankar bead is a part of religious 2015: 1664:goddess is usually identified as the terrible 1080: 8408: 6773: 6257: 5549: 5082: 4616: 3164: 2927: 2900: 2201:The Gods Sing and Dance for Shiva and Parvati 1940:(the goddess of grain) giving alms to Shiva. 1004: 806: 3518:"Ommo-Oesho coin of Huvishka British Museum" 3489: 2090:Parvati being celebrated at Gauri Festival, 1535:Parvati and Shiva are often symbolized by a 1462: 6271: 3734:Caroll and Caroll (2013), Mudras of India, 3717:Caroll and Caroll (2013), Mudras of India, 3700:Caroll and Caroll (2013), Mudras of India, 3490:Dani, Ahmad Hasan; Harmatta, János (1999). 3356: 3354: 3352: 2984:sfn error: no target: CITEREFWilliams1981 ( 2936:. University of California Press. pp. 2343:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1828:, the residence of Shiva. To them are born 8415: 8401: 6780: 6766: 6264: 6250: 5556: 5542: 5089: 5075: 5038: 4994:. Consortium of Collective Consciousness. 4992:Sacred Places of Goddess: 108 Destinations 4861: 4859: 4693:Jones and Ryan, Encyclopedia of Hinduism, 4689: 4687: 4685: 4240: 4238: 3868:Subhash C Biswas, India the Land of Gods, 2638:(center), and a 14th-century Parvati from 1154:consider the Parvati as an incarnation of 1038:Parvati as a two-armed consort goddess of 813: 799: 73: 4839: 4837: 4473: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3645: 3643: 3496:. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 326. 3267: 3100:. Sharada Publishing House. p. 100. 2407:Learn how and when to remove this message 3959: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3796: 3794: 3493:History of Civilizations of Central Asia 3412:Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). 3349: 3334: 3332: 3035: 3033: 3004:. Oxford University Press. 28 May 1981. 2979: 2680: 2281: 2194: 2085: 1887: 1815: 1761:'s marriage to Shiva against her father 1734: 1466: 1323:with, on the reverse, the divine couple 1310: 1277:(‘the One who killed the demon brothers 1145:(Daughter of king of the mountains) and 5008: 4970: 4956: 4937: 4856: 4682: 4235: 4197: 4181: 4179: 4177: 4116: 4114: 4105: 4093: 4069: 4057: 4026: 3979: 3944: 3923: 3911: 3856: 3844: 3832: 3820: 3621: 3597: 3565: 3537: 3441: 3429: 3382: 3089: 3087: 3039: 1919:as engaged in "dalliance" or seated on 1543:, respectively. In ancient literature, 9018: 4834: 4660: 4003: 3917: 3676: 3640: 2894: 2232:(rosaries) for meditation in Saivism. 8396: 6761: 6245: 5537: 5070: 4652:Gutman, P. (2008), Siva in Burma, in 3950: 3886:www.wisdomlib.org (4 November 2018). 3791: 3411: 3329: 3275:(First American ed.). New York: 3273:A History of the World in 100 Objects 3263: 3261: 3237: 3136:James Hendershot, Penance, Trafford, 3030: 2537:Tiruverkadu Devi Karumariamman Temple 2533:Mutharamman Temple, Kulasekharapatnam 1824:After the marriage, Parvati moves to 1555:, the yoni-linga metaphor represents 1374:, or essential power, of the Supreme 1366:, however, identifies Parvati in the 1337:) with four arms holding attributes. 4989: 4596:. British Museum Press. p. 77. 4306:S Gupta (2002), Festivals of India, 4262:Devotion, mirth mark ‘Hariyali Teej’ 4174: 4111: 4081: 3609: 3388: 3084: 3072:from the original on 26 January 2024 2811:of Greek and Roman mythology and as 2787: 2656:are dedicated to Parvati and Shiva. 2341:adding citations to reliable sources 2308: 1915:The couple is often depicted in the 1557:origin, source or regenerative power 1471:12th century Parvati sculpture from 1327:("ΟΜΜΟ", Umā) holding a flower, and 8377: 1147:Girija (Daughter of the mountains). 13: 5032: 5015:Hindu Mythology, Vedic and Puranic 4975:. University of California Press. 4038: 3258: 2455:Annapurneshwari Temple, Cherukunnu 2304: 1062:. 11th century sculpture from the 958:Parvati is a powerful, primordial 14: 9102: 5048: 3018:from the original on 4 April 2023 2754:, she presides over waters, lake 2002: 1812:– Translated by Stella Kramrisch 1739:Wall carvings in the 6th-century 1629: 1111:in the Indian Union Territory of 8640: 8376: 8366: 8357: 8356: 8345: 7050: 6796: 6788: 6415: 6225: 6216: 6215: 5691: 5199: 4910: 4893: 4876: 4815: 4798: 4781: 4762: 4745: 4721: 4704: 4646: 4637: 4610: 4583: 4566: 2685:Pillar temple with offerings to 2631:(left), a 10th-century Uma from 2617: 2608: 2599: 2590: 2313: 2271: 2044:Hindu literature, including the 1977: 1968: 1647: 1638: 1492: 1483: 1028: 1019: 782: 360: 8346: 5043:. Sukarkshetra Shodh Sansthana. 4546: 4537: 4525: 4508: 4499: 4490: 4456: 4439: 4422: 4402: 4386: 4369: 4347: 4326: 4317: 4300: 4284: 4267: 4255: 4219: 4203: 4157: 4148: 4131: 4041:"Lord Shiva and Parvati Images" 4032: 3994: 3985: 3929: 3879: 3862: 3774: 3757: 3745: 3728: 3711: 3694: 3660: 3627: 3590: 3571: 3543: 3510: 3483: 3466: 3447: 3405: 3320: 3311: 3302: 3293: 3241:Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide 3231: 3212: 3147: 3130: 2738:, and sometimes referred to as 2695:Derived from Parvati's form as 2475:Irumkulangara Durga Devi Temple 8271:Relations with other religions 4931: 3114: 3045: 2992: 2961:Cush, Robinson & York 2008 2928:David Kinsley (19 July 1988). 2235: 2114:). The festival is popular in 1800:I am the sea and you the wave, 1139:Maheshvari (Maheshvara’s wife) 1: 5027:– via Internet Archive. 5017:. Adamant Media Corporation. 5009:Wilkins, William J. (2001) . 4938:Coleman, Charles N. (2021) . 2887: 2065: 1948:(Wisdom Goddesses) of Shakta 1338: 1287:(‘the killer of Mookasura’), 1244:corn/harvest and fertility. 1125:(Daughter of the mountains), 904:, and the supreme goddess in 28:Parvati Devi (disambiguation) 5563: 5096: 4824:The Origin of Pagan Idolatry 4734:Princeton University Press, 2726:Parvati, locally spelled as 2525:Samayapuram Mariamman Temple 2070: 1413:(5th–6th centuries) and the 1293:(‘the killer of Kolasura’), 1232:. She is also the ferocious 1212:('fertility and birthing'), 981:Parvati is an embodiment of 7: 5487:Sarasvati-rahasya Upanishad 4188:The Mahabharata, pp 670–672 3052:C. Mackenzie Brown (1990). 2884:– a symbol of sexual love. 2734:. She is more often called 2428:: Udhampur District, Jammu 2016:Ideal wife, mother and more 1267:(‘the One who killed demon 1257:(‘the One who killed demon 1178:She is also referred to as 891: 867: 843: 10: 9107: 5482:Saubhagyalakshmi Upanishad 5057:at Encyclopædia Britannica 5039:Srivastava, A. L. (2004). 4971:Kinsley, David R. (1988). 4831:, pp 260–261, 404–419, 488 4264:The Hindu (10 August 2013) 2907:. Routledge. p. 180. 2467:Chengannur Mahadeva Temple 2275: 2039: 1730: 1306: 1042:(left), and as four-armed 1008: 1005:Etymology and nomenclature 25: 18: 8877: 8832: 8805: 8782: 8760: 8739: 8712: 8705: 8649: 8638: 8434: 8343: 8170: 8135: 7961: 7896: 7803: 7730: 7723: 7622: 7525: 7516: 7424: 7310: 7267: 7234: 7152: 7126: 7098: 7089: 7068: 7059: 7048: 6967: 6836: 6827: 6806: 6737: 6648: 6566: 6424: 6413: 6283: 6211: 6173: 6118: 6045: 6007: 5969: 5931: 5922: 5892:Festivals and observances 5891: 5828: 5748: 5732:Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta 5700: 5689: 5582: 5571: 5513: 5497: 5427: 5377: 5319: 5256: 5208: 5197: 5117: 5104: 3754:Payne A.E. 1933 pp. 7, 83 3577:Edward Washburn Hopkins, 3218:Edward Washburn Hopkins, 2459:Attukal Bhagavathy Temple 2187:Lord Shiva's affection). 1896:; 11th-century sculpture. 1463:Iconography and symbolism 1247:The divine hymns such as 1129:(Daughter of Mountains), 1081: 881: 857: 833: 647:Krishnananda Agamavagisha 312: 302: 286: 273: 268: 242: 210: 194: 180: 170: 156: 114: 106: 95: 87: 72: 60: 46: 41: 16:Major goddess in Hinduism 7415:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 6721:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 6151:Meenakshi Sundareshwarar 5711:Shvetashvatara Upanishad 4559:26 December 2014 at the 4128:, Chapter 4 and pp 86–89 3094:Sita Narasimhan (2006). 3001:Siva: The Erotic Ascetic 2581:Vishalakshi Gauri Temple 1908:, the image of Shiva as 1712:traditions, and also in 1356:. The verse 3.12 of the 612:Trika (Kashmir Shaivism) 21:Parvati (disambiguation) 9061:Love and lust goddesses 9000:Shwe Kyunbin Maunghnama 8824:Shwesitthin Myinbyushin 7494:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 5462:Tripuratapini Upanishad 4942:. Legare Street Press. 4940:Mythology of the Hindus 3244:. Penguin Books India. 2862:Mysterium Coniunctionis 2823:(Universal Mother). As 2248:era, and those of king 2199:Attributed to Khushala 2190: 1095:(also called Himavata, 8596:Pareinma Shin Mingaung 8503:Aung Pinle Hsinbyushin 7469:Eighteen Greater Texts 6032:Tiruvanaikaval (Water) 4821:George Stanley Faber, 4617:Yves Bonnefoy (1993). 3414:India through the ages 3238:Dalal, Roshen (2010). 2901:James D. Holt (2014). 2692: 2567:Tripura Sundari Temple 2557:Punnainallur Mariamman 2509:Meenakshi Amman Temple 2479:Kadampuzha Devi Temple 2463:Chakkulathukavu Temple 2287: 2204: 2095: 1962: 1955:David Kinsley states, 1897: 1821: 1814: 1750: 1506:temple (left), and in 1476: 1345: 935:Parvati is married to 8740:Ayeyarwady Delta nats 8428:Burmese folk religion 8222:Hindu gurus and sants 7474:Eighteen Lesser Texts 6027:Tiruvannamalai (Fire) 5442:Devi-Bhagavata Purana 2684: 2585:Annapurna Devi Temple 2545:Kapaleeshwarar Temple 2517:Sri Siva Durga Temple 2513:Kamakshi Amman Temple 2499:Nartiang Durga Temple 2285: 2198: 2089: 1957: 1892:Shiva and Parvati as 1891: 1819: 1798: 1738: 1714:Devi Bhagavata Purana 1470: 1459:in later traditions. 1314: 1156:Lalita Tripurasundari 1117:Shiva-Parvati Vivaha. 1009:Further information: 717:Festivals and temples 217:Devi-Bhagavata Purana 79:Parvati with her son 9005:Pyelepyin Maunghnama 8820:Shwepyay Myinbyushin 8792:Pale Yin (Amay Pale) 8212:Anti-Hindu sentiment 6009:Pancha Bhuta Sthalam 4990:Tate, Karen (2006). 3939:, the river goddess 3633:Harry Judge (1993), 2712:Nakhorn Si Thammarat 2705:Daikokutennyo (大黒天女) 2529:Vekkali Amman Temple 2521:Bannari Amman Temple 2489:Tulja Bhavani Temple 2444:Chamundeswari Temple 2337:improve this section 1743:: A scene depicting 1508:Pashupatinath Temple 1216:('Queen of Shiva'), 1190:('revered mother'), 458:Scriptures and texts 221:Mahabhagavata Purana 19:For other uses, see 9056:Fertility goddesses 8965:Four Heavenly Kings 8571:Shwe Hpyin Naungdaw 8318:Hinduism by country 7484:Iraiyanar Akapporul 7444:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 6037:Kanchipuram (Earth) 6022:Tirukalahasti (Air) 6017:Chidambaram (Ether) 5718:Shivarahasya Purana 5498:Regional variations 3926:, pp. 300–301. 3444:, pp. 142–143. 2549:Masani Ammam temple 2240:Ancient coins from 2203:(late 18th century) 1296:Bhandasuravibedhini 1264:Raktabeejasamharini 1194:('great goddess'), 1176:The Pranava Mantra) 789:Hinduism portal 765:Regional variations 52:Supreme Goddess in 9081:Marriage goddesses 9076:Mountain goddesses 9071:Buddhist goddesses 8770:(Nankaraing Medaw) 8731:Taungdaw Thakhinma 8591:Htibyuhsaung Medaw 6136:Kailash Mansarovar 5841:Pashupata Shaivism 5819:Hara Hara Mahadeva 5505:Caribbean Shaktism 4728:J. Stephen Lansing 4679:, Volume 2, pp 105 4409:John M. Rosenfield 4045:SocialStatusDP.com 3522:The British Museum 2693: 2577:Vishalakshi Temple 2541:Nellaiappar Temple 2288: 2244:(Central Asia) of 2205: 2096: 1898: 1822: 1751: 1553:place of gestation 1477: 1346: 1290:Kolasurabhayankari 1254:Mahishasuramardini 1249:Lalita Sahasranama 771:Caribbean Shaktism 514:Lalita Sahasranama 282:Maināvati (mother) 9051:Consorts of Shiva 9013: 9012: 8950:Pakhan U Min Gyaw 8915:U Din Kyaw Khaung 8873: 8872: 8817:Kanni Myinbyushin 8814:Yamma Myinbyushin 8576:Shwe Hpyin Nyidaw 8435:Official pantheon 8390: 8389: 8166: 8165: 7719: 7718: 7512: 7511: 7426:Sangam literature 7382:Yājñavalkya Smṛti 7230: 7229: 7046: 7045: 6755: 6754: 6239: 6238: 6169: 6168: 5531: 5530: 5477:Bhavana Upanishad 5472:Tripura Upanishad 5452:Shakta Upanishads 4982:978-0-520-90883-3 4768:Monier Williams, 4630:978-0-226-06456-7 4620:Asian Mythologies 4603:978-0-7141-0881-0 4470:, pp 42–51, 80–82 4029:, pp. 46–48. 3892:www.wisdomlib.org 3568:, pp. 36–41. 3503:978-81-208-1408-0 3432:, pp. 240–1. 3286:978-0-670-02270-0 3251:978-0-14-341421-6 3011:978-0-19-972793-3 2947:978-0-520-90883-3 2914:978-1-317-69874-6 2788:Related goddesses 2426:Jammu and Kashmir 2417: 2416: 2409: 2391: 2175:Another festival 1757:tell the tale of 1303:) and many more. 1182:('dear mother'), 1113:Jammu and Kashmir 848:), also known as 823: 822: 637:Bharatchandra Ray 482:Shakta Upanishads 339: 338: 233:Shakta Upanishads 9098: 9066:Beauty goddesses 9036:Mother goddesses 9026:Forms of Parvati 8995:Kayin Maunghnama 8833:Five Mother nats 8808:White Horse nats 8710: 8709: 8644: 8611:Myaukhpet Shinma 8581:Mintha Maungshin 8473:Taungoo Mingaung 8417: 8410: 8403: 8394: 8393: 8380: 8379: 8370: 8360: 8359: 8349: 8348: 8259:Pilgrimage sites 8013:Ganesh Chaturthi 7728: 7727: 7523: 7522: 7504:Vedarthasamgraha 7499:Vinayagar Agaval 7464:Five Great Epics 7439:Divya Prabandham 7352:Minor Upanishads 7096: 7095: 7066: 7065: 7054: 7053: 6834: 6833: 6800: 6792: 6782: 6775: 6768: 6759: 6758: 6419: 6266: 6259: 6252: 6243: 6242: 6229: 6219: 6218: 5929: 5928: 5873:Siddha Siddhanta 5836:Shaiva Siddhanta 5763:Om Namah Shivaya 5695: 5558: 5551: 5544: 5535: 5534: 5203: 5091: 5084: 5077: 5068: 5067: 5063:Parvati Daughter 5044: 5028: 5005: 4986: 4967: 4953: 4925: 4914: 4908: 4897: 4891: 4880: 4874: 4863: 4854: 4846:Letters on India 4843:Maria Callcott, 4841: 4832: 4819: 4813: 4802: 4796: 4785: 4779: 4766: 4760: 4749: 4743: 4725: 4719: 4718:, pp 119–120, 90 4708: 4702: 4691: 4680: 4664: 4658: 4650: 4644: 4641: 4635: 4634: 4614: 4608: 4607: 4587: 4581: 4570: 4564: 4552:R Ghose (1966), 4550: 4544: 4541: 4535: 4529: 4523: 4512: 4506: 4503: 4497: 4494: 4488: 4477: 4471: 4460: 4454: 4443: 4437: 4426: 4420: 4406: 4400: 4390: 4384: 4373: 4367: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4351: 4345: 4344: 4342: 4340: 4330: 4324: 4321: 4315: 4304: 4298: 4288: 4282: 4271: 4265: 4259: 4253: 4242: 4233: 4223: 4217: 4207: 4201: 4200:, p. 353-4. 4195: 4189: 4183: 4172: 4161: 4155: 4152: 4146: 4135: 4129: 4118: 4109: 4103: 4097: 4091: 4085: 4079: 4073: 4067: 4061: 4055: 4049: 4048: 4036: 4030: 4024: 4018: 4007: 4001: 3998: 3992: 3989: 3983: 3977: 3971: 3961: 3948: 3933: 3927: 3921: 3915: 3909: 3903: 3902: 3900: 3898: 3883: 3877: 3866: 3860: 3854: 3848: 3842: 3836: 3830: 3824: 3818: 3809: 3798: 3789: 3778: 3772: 3761: 3755: 3749: 3743: 3732: 3726: 3715: 3709: 3698: 3692: 3689: 3674: 3664: 3658: 3647: 3638: 3631: 3625: 3619: 3613: 3607: 3601: 3594: 3588: 3575: 3569: 3563: 3557: 3547: 3541: 3535: 3526: 3525: 3514: 3508: 3507: 3487: 3481: 3470: 3464: 3453:Edward Balfour, 3451: 3445: 3439: 3433: 3427: 3418: 3417: 3409: 3403: 3392: 3386: 3380: 3371: 3358: 3347: 3336: 3327: 3324: 3318: 3315: 3309: 3306: 3300: 3297: 3291: 3290: 3265: 3256: 3255: 3235: 3229: 3216: 3210: 3199: 3190: 3179:Edward Balfour, 3177: 3162: 3151: 3145: 3134: 3128: 3118: 3112: 3111: 3091: 3082: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3049: 3043: 3037: 3028: 3027: 3025: 3023: 2996: 2990: 2989: 2977: 2971: 2970: 2958: 2952: 2951: 2935: 2925: 2919: 2918: 2898: 2621: 2612: 2603: 2471:Oorpazhachi Kavu 2412: 2405: 2401: 2398: 2392: 2390: 2349: 2317: 2309: 2293:Some locations ( 2112:Ganesh Chaturthi 1981: 1972: 1847:Kalidasa's epic 1651: 1642: 1581:Abhinaya Darpana 1496: 1487: 1350:Vedic literature 1343: 1340: 1299:(‘the killer of 1279:Chanda and Munda 1087:) is one of the 1086: 1085: 1032: 1023: 1011:Hindu Literature 928:, she forms the 894: 883: 870: 859: 846: 835: 815: 808: 801: 787: 786: 785: 662:Abhirami Bhattar 539:Saundarya Lahari 364: 341: 340: 77: 39: 38: 9106: 9105: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9097: 9096: 9095: 9086:Peace goddesses 9031:Hindu goddesses 9016: 9015: 9014: 9009: 8955:Shinma Aungphyu 8940:Mogaung Kyawzwa 8869: 8828: 8807: 8801: 8783:Nine Towns nats 8778: 8756: 8752:Kwin Paing Ahpo 8735: 8701: 8645: 8636: 8430: 8426:and spirits of 8421: 8391: 8386: 8353: 8339: 8162: 8131: 8122:Vasant Panchami 8056:Pahela Baishakh 8038:Makar Sankranti 7957: 7892: 7799: 7715: 7618: 7508: 7489:Abhirami Antati 7459:Kamba Ramayanam 7420: 7306: 7263: 7226: 7148: 7122: 7085: 7055: 7042: 7026:Vishishtadvaita 6963: 6823: 6802: 6786: 6756: 6751: 6747:Hindu mythology 6733: 6644: 6562: 6420: 6411: 6279: 6270: 6240: 6235: 6207: 6165: 6161:Vadakkum Nathan 6114: 6041: 6003: 5965: 5956:Madhyamaheshwar 5918: 5904:Maha Shivaratri 5887: 5824: 5777:Mahāmrityunjaya 5744: 5696: 5687: 5644:Ardhanarishvara 5578: 5567: 5562: 5532: 5527: 5509: 5493: 5423: 5373: 5315: 5276:Tripura Sundari 5252: 5204: 5195: 5113: 5100: 5095: 5051: 5035: 5033:Further reading 5025: 5011:"Uma – Parvati" 5002: 4983: 4950: 4934: 4929: 4928: 4915: 4911: 4898: 4894: 4881: 4877: 4864: 4857: 4842: 4835: 4820: 4816: 4803: 4799: 4786: 4782: 4767: 4763: 4750: 4746: 4726: 4722: 4709: 4705: 4692: 4683: 4665: 4661: 4651: 4647: 4642: 4638: 4631: 4615: 4611: 4604: 4588: 4584: 4571: 4567: 4561:Wayback Machine 4551: 4547: 4542: 4538: 4532:Jean Boisselier 4530: 4526: 4513: 4509: 4504: 4500: 4495: 4491: 4478: 4474: 4461: 4457: 4444: 4440: 4427: 4423: 4407: 4403: 4391: 4387: 4374: 4370: 4360: 4358: 4353: 4352: 4348: 4338: 4336: 4332: 4331: 4327: 4322: 4318: 4305: 4301: 4289: 4285: 4272: 4268: 4260: 4256: 4243: 4236: 4224: 4220: 4208: 4204: 4196: 4192: 4186:Anucasana Parva 4184: 4175: 4162: 4158: 4153: 4149: 4136: 4132: 4119: 4112: 4104: 4100: 4092: 4088: 4080: 4076: 4068: 4064: 4056: 4052: 4039:Manish, Kumar. 4037: 4033: 4025: 4021: 4008: 4004: 3999: 3995: 3990: 3986: 3978: 3974: 3962: 3951: 3947:, p. 294). 3934: 3930: 3922: 3918: 3910: 3906: 3896: 3894: 3884: 3880: 3867: 3863: 3855: 3851: 3843: 3839: 3831: 3827: 3819: 3812: 3799: 3792: 3779: 3775: 3762: 3758: 3750: 3746: 3733: 3729: 3716: 3712: 3699: 3695: 3690: 3677: 3665: 3661: 3648: 3641: 3632: 3628: 3620: 3616: 3608: 3604: 3595: 3591: 3576: 3572: 3564: 3560: 3548: 3544: 3536: 3529: 3516: 3515: 3511: 3504: 3488: 3484: 3480:, pp 7–8, 13–14 3471: 3467: 3452: 3448: 3440: 3436: 3428: 3421: 3410: 3406: 3393: 3389: 3381: 3374: 3359: 3350: 3337: 3330: 3325: 3321: 3316: 3312: 3307: 3303: 3298: 3294: 3287: 3279:. p. 440. 3269:MacGregor, Neil 3266: 3259: 3252: 3236: 3232: 3217: 3213: 3200: 3193: 3178: 3165: 3152: 3148: 3135: 3131: 3119: 3115: 3108: 3092: 3085: 3075: 3073: 3066: 3050: 3046: 3038: 3031: 3021: 3019: 3012: 2998: 2997: 2993: 2983: 2978: 2974: 2964: 2959: 2955: 2948: 2926: 2922: 2915: 2899: 2895: 2890: 2790: 2722:Bali, Indonesia 2646: 2645: 2644: 2643: 2624: 2623: 2622: 2614: 2613: 2605: 2604: 2593: 2430:Mantalai Temple 2413: 2402: 2396: 2393: 2350: 2348: 2334: 2318: 2307: 2305:List of temples 2280: 2274: 2238: 2193: 2073: 2068: 2042: 2018: 2005: 2000: 1999: 1998: 1997: 1994:Elephanta Caves 1989:Ardhanarishvara 1984: 1983: 1982: 1974: 1973: 1910:Ardhanarishvara 1850:Kumarasambhavam 1811: 1801: 1733: 1661: 1660: 1659: 1658: 1654: 1653: 1652: 1644: 1643: 1632: 1518: 1517: 1516: 1515: 1499: 1498: 1497: 1489: 1488: 1465: 1428:Hamsa Upanishad 1341: 1309: 1206:('ferocious'), 1074: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1025: 1024: 1013: 1007: 819: 783: 781: 776: 775: 766: 758: 757: 718: 710: 709: 675: 667: 666: 632: 622: 621: 589: 569: 567: 559: 558: 528: 519:Tripura Rahasya 504:Devi Bhagavatam 460: 450: 449: 385: 335: 298:(elder brother) 294: 281: 99:transliteration 83: 67:Pancha Prakriti 56: 51: 49: 35: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9104: 9094: 9093: 9091:Lion goddesses 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9048: 9043: 9038: 9033: 9028: 9011: 9010: 9008: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8925:Lay Kyun Maung 8922: 8917: 8912: 8910:Koe Thein Shin 8907: 8902: 8897: 8892: 8887: 8881: 8879: 8875: 8874: 8871: 8870: 8868: 8867: 8862: 8857: 8852: 8842: 8836: 8834: 8830: 8829: 8827: 8826: 8821: 8818: 8815: 8811: 8809: 8803: 8802: 8800: 8799: 8796: 8793: 8790: 8786: 8784: 8780: 8779: 8777: 8776: 8771: 8764: 8762: 8758: 8757: 8755: 8754: 8749: 8743: 8741: 8737: 8736: 8734: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8716: 8714: 8707: 8703: 8702: 8700: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8679: 8674: 8669: 8664: 8658: 8656: 8647: 8646: 8639: 8637: 8635: 8634: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8603: 8598: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8566:Mandalay Bodaw 8563: 8558: 8552: 8547: 8545:Medaw Shwezaga 8542: 8537: 8532: 8527: 8522: 8517: 8511: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8459: 8454: 8449: 8438: 8436: 8432: 8431: 8420: 8419: 8412: 8405: 8397: 8388: 8387: 8385: 8384: 8374: 8364: 8344: 8341: 8340: 8338: 8337: 8336: 8335: 8330: 8320: 8315: 8310: 8309: 8308: 8303: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8268: 8267: 8266: 8256: 8251: 8250: 8249: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8193: 8192: 8187: 8176: 8174: 8168: 8167: 8164: 8163: 8161: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8145: 8139: 8137: 8133: 8132: 8130: 8129: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8108: 8107: 8106: 8105: 8100: 8095: 8090: 8080: 8079: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8040: 8035: 8030: 8025: 8020: 8015: 8010: 8009: 8008: 8003: 7998: 7988: 7986:Raksha Bandhan 7983: 7978: 7973: 7967: 7965: 7959: 7958: 7956: 7955: 7954: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7938: 7928: 7927: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7900: 7898: 7894: 7893: 7891: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7809: 7807: 7801: 7800: 7798: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7736: 7734: 7725: 7721: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7714: 7713: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7650: 7649: 7644: 7639: 7628: 7626: 7620: 7619: 7617: 7616: 7609: 7604: 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7553: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7531: 7529: 7520: 7514: 7513: 7510: 7509: 7507: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7430: 7428: 7422: 7421: 7419: 7418: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7385: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7343: 7342: 7337: 7327: 7322: 7316: 7314: 7308: 7307: 7305: 7304: 7299: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7273: 7271: 7265: 7264: 7262: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7240: 7238: 7232: 7231: 7228: 7227: 7225: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7197:Shvetashvatara 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7172:Brihadaranyaka 7169: 7164: 7158: 7156: 7150: 7149: 7147: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7130: 7128: 7124: 7123: 7121: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7105: 7099: 7093: 7087: 7086: 7084: 7083: 7078: 7072: 7070: 7069:Classification 7063: 7057: 7056: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7043: 7041: 7040: 7031: 7030: 7029: 7022: 7015: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6973: 6971: 6965: 6964: 6962: 6961: 6960: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6908: 6907: 6906: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6879: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6848: 6842: 6840: 6831: 6825: 6824: 6822: 6821: 6816: 6813: 6807: 6804: 6803: 6785: 6784: 6777: 6770: 6762: 6753: 6752: 6750: 6749: 6744: 6738: 6735: 6734: 6732: 6731: 6724: 6717: 6716: 6715: 6701: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6683: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6656: 6654: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6642: 6633: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6593: 6592: 6591: 6586: 6576: 6570: 6568: 6564: 6563: 6561: 6560: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6452: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6430: 6428: 6422: 6421: 6414: 6412: 6410: 6409: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6311: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6289: 6287: 6281: 6280: 6269: 6268: 6261: 6254: 6246: 6237: 6236: 6234: 6233: 6223: 6212: 6209: 6208: 6206: 6205: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6189: 6188: 6177: 6175: 6174:Related topics 6171: 6170: 6167: 6166: 6164: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6131:Brihadeeswarar 6128: 6122: 6120: 6116: 6115: 6113: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6090:Ramanathaswamy 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6051: 6049: 6043: 6042: 6040: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6013: 6011: 6005: 6004: 6002: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5975: 5973: 5967: 5966: 5964: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5937: 5935: 5926: 5920: 5919: 5917: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5895: 5893: 5889: 5888: 5886: 5885: 5883:Shaiva Smartas 5880: 5875: 5870: 5868:Veera Shaivism 5865: 5863:Trika Shaivism 5860: 5859: 5858: 5853: 5843: 5838: 5832: 5830: 5826: 5825: 5823: 5822: 5815: 5808: 5801: 5794: 5787: 5780: 5773: 5766: 5758: 5756: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5742: 5735: 5728: 5721: 5714: 5706: 5704: 5698: 5697: 5690: 5688: 5686: 5685: 5680: 5679: 5678: 5673: 5663: 5658: 5657: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5636: 5635: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5588: 5586: 5580: 5579: 5572: 5569: 5568: 5561: 5560: 5553: 5546: 5538: 5529: 5528: 5526: 5525: 5520: 5514: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5507: 5501: 5499: 5495: 5494: 5492: 5491: 5490: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5467:Devi Upanishad 5464: 5459: 5457:Sita Upanishad 5449: 5444: 5439: 5433: 5431: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5421: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5383: 5381: 5375: 5374: 5372: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5325: 5323: 5317: 5316: 5314: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5262: 5260: 5254: 5253: 5251: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5214: 5212: 5206: 5205: 5198: 5196: 5194: 5193: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5165: 5164: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5123: 5121: 5115: 5114: 5112: 5111: 5105: 5102: 5101: 5094: 5093: 5086: 5079: 5071: 5065: 5064: 5058: 5050: 5049:External links 5047: 5046: 5045: 5034: 5031: 5030: 5029: 5023: 5006: 5001:978-1888729115 5000: 4987: 4981: 4968: 4954: 4949:978-1014497710 4948: 4933: 4930: 4927: 4926: 4922:978-0300085082 4909: 4905:978-0761962373 4892: 4888:978-0415104142 4875: 4871:978-0892813742 4855: 4833: 4814: 4810:978-1559391719 4797: 4793:978-1878423177 4780: 4761: 4757:978-0195156690 4744: 4740:978-0691156262 4720: 4716:978-0824828592 4703: 4699:978-0816054589 4681: 4659: 4645: 4636: 4629: 4609: 4602: 4582: 4578:978-0892541690 4565: 4545: 4536: 4524: 4520:978-9971694050 4507: 4498: 4489: 4485:978-0415578004 4472: 4455: 4451:978-0871843081 4438: 4434:978-9231028465 4421: 4417:978-8121505796 4401: 4385: 4381:978-8120806740 4368: 4346: 4325: 4316: 4312:978-8124108697 4299: 4283: 4279:978-8170103608 4266: 4254: 4250:978-1598842050 4234: 4231:978-0791406564 4218: 4202: 4190: 4173: 4156: 4147: 4143:978-1610978286 4130: 4126:978-8170174165 4110: 4098: 4086: 4084:, p. 383. 4074: 4072:, p. 334. 4062: 4050: 4031: 4019: 4015:978-0892813742 4002: 3993: 3984: 3972: 3949: 3928: 3916: 3904: 3878: 3874:978-1482836554 3861: 3849: 3837: 3835:, p. 338. 3825: 3810: 3806:978-0791453254 3790: 3786:978-1604078916 3773: 3769:978-0143332473 3756: 3744: 3740:978-1848191099 3727: 3723:978-1848191099 3710: 3706:978-1848191099 3693: 3675: 3659: 3655:978-8176250399 3639: 3626: 3624:, p. 247. 3614: 3612:, p. 176. 3602: 3600:, p. 239. 3589: 3580:Epic Mythology 3570: 3558: 3542: 3527: 3509: 3502: 3482: 3478:978-0486298665 3465: 3446: 3434: 3419: 3404: 3400:978-0253346858 3387: 3372: 3348: 3344:978-0892813742 3328: 3319: 3310: 3301: 3292: 3285: 3257: 3250: 3230: 3221:Epic Mythology 3211: 3207:978-8185822594 3191: 3163: 3159:978-0941532372 3146: 3142:978-1490716749 3129: 3126:978-8185822594 3113: 3106: 3083: 3064: 3058:. SUNY Press. 3044: 3042:, p. 295. 3029: 3010: 2991: 2972: 2953: 2946: 2920: 2913: 2892: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2789: 2786: 2724: 2723: 2626: 2625: 2616: 2615: 2607: 2606: 2598: 2597: 2596: 2595: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2588: 2587: 2569: 2559: 2501: 2491: 2481: 2447: 2436: 2415: 2414: 2321: 2319: 2312: 2306: 2303: 2273: 2270: 2237: 2234: 2192: 2189: 2072: 2069: 2067: 2064: 2063: 2062: 2041: 2038: 2017: 2014: 2010:Ardhanarisvara 2004: 2003:Ardhanarisvara 2001: 1986: 1985: 1976: 1975: 1967: 1966: 1965: 1964: 1963: 1927:Uma-Maheshvara 1894:Uma-Maheshvara 1842:Adi Parashakti 1746:Kalyanasundara 1732: 1729: 1728: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1656: 1655: 1646: 1645: 1637: 1636: 1635: 1634: 1633: 1631: 1630:Manifestations 1628: 1501: 1500: 1491: 1490: 1482: 1481: 1480: 1479: 1478: 1464: 1461: 1368:Kena Upanishad 1359:Kena Upanishad 1308: 1305: 1200:(invincible), 1064:British Museum 1046:with her sons 1037: 1036: 1027: 1026: 1018: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1014: 1006: 1003: 999:Southeast Asia 960:mother goddess 821: 820: 818: 817: 810: 803: 795: 792: 791: 778: 777: 774: 773: 767: 764: 763: 760: 759: 756: 755: 750: 745: 743:Saraswati Puja 740: 735: 730: 725: 719: 716: 715: 712: 711: 708: 707: 702: 697: 692: 687: 682: 676: 673: 672: 669: 668: 665: 664: 659: 654: 649: 644: 639: 633: 628: 627: 624: 623: 620: 619: 614: 609: 604: 598: 597: 588: 587: 582: 576: 575: 568: 565: 564: 561: 560: 557: 556: 554:Abirami Antati 551: 546: 541: 535: 534: 527: 526: 521: 516: 511: 509:Devi Mahatmyam 506: 501: 500: 499: 494: 489: 479: 478: 477: 467: 461: 456: 455: 452: 451: 448: 447: 442: 437: 432: 427: 422: 417: 412: 407: 402: 396: 395: 386: 381: 380: 377: 376: 375: 374: 366: 365: 357: 356: 350: 349: 337: 336: 334: 333: 332: 331: 325: 316: 314: 310: 309: 304: 300: 299: 293:(elder sister) 288: 284: 283: 275: 271: 270: 266: 265: 244: 240: 239: 214: 208: 207: 198: 192: 191: 182: 178: 177: 174: 168: 167: 158: 154: 153: 116: 112: 111: 108: 104: 103: 100: 93: 92: 89: 85: 84: 78: 70: 69: 58: 57: 48:Mother Goddess 47: 44: 43: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9103: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9047: 9046:War goddesses 9044: 9042: 9039: 9037: 9034: 9032: 9029: 9027: 9024: 9023: 9021: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8990:Mani Maykhala 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8930:Ma Ngwe Taung 8928: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8895:Beikthano Nat 8893: 8891: 8888: 8886: 8885:Shin Upagutta 8883: 8882: 8880: 8878:Miscellaneous 8876: 8866: 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8850: 8846: 8843: 8841: 8838: 8837: 8835: 8831: 8825: 8822: 8819: 8816: 8813: 8812: 8810: 8804: 8797: 8794: 8791: 8788: 8787: 8785: 8781: 8775: 8774:Ko Aung Naing 8772: 8769: 8766: 8765: 8763: 8759: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8745: 8744: 8742: 8738: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8721: 8718: 8717: 8715: 8711: 8708: 8704: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8687: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8659: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8648: 8643: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8562: 8559: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8535:Minye Aungdin 8533: 8531: 8528: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8518: 8515: 8512: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8488:Shwe Nawrahta 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8453: 8450: 8447: 8443: 8440: 8439: 8437: 8433: 8429: 8425: 8418: 8413: 8411: 8406: 8404: 8399: 8398: 8395: 8383: 8375: 8373: 8369: 8365: 8363: 8355: 8354: 8352: 8342: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8325: 8324: 8323:Hindu temples 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8307: 8304: 8302: 8299: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8273: 8272: 8269: 8265: 8262: 8261: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8248: 8245: 8244: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8227:Hindu studies 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8197:Denominations 8195: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8183: 8182: 8181: 8178: 8177: 8175: 8173: 8169: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8140: 8138: 8134: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8109: 8104: 8101: 8099: 8096: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8086: 8085: 8084: 8081: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8044: 8043: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8021: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8007: 8006:Vijayadashami 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7993: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7968: 7966: 7964: 7960: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7933: 7932: 7929: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7906: 7905: 7902: 7901: 7899: 7895: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7823:Simantonayana 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7810: 7808: 7806: 7802: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7737: 7735: 7733: 7729: 7726: 7722: 7712: 7711: 7707: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7634: 7633: 7630: 7629: 7627: 7625: 7621: 7615: 7614: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7555: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7537: 7536: 7533: 7532: 7530: 7528: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7515: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7431: 7429: 7427: 7423: 7417: 7416: 7412: 7410: 7409:Yoga Vasistha 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7369: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7332: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7320:Bhagavad Gita 7318: 7317: 7315: 7313: 7309: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7295: 7293: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7274: 7272: 7270: 7266: 7260: 7259:Sthapatyaveda 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7241: 7239: 7237: 7233: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7159: 7157: 7155: 7151: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7131: 7129: 7125: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7100: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7088: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7074: 7073: 7071: 7067: 7064: 7062: 7058: 7039: 7035: 7032: 7028: 7027: 7023: 7021: 7020: 7016: 7014: 7013: 7009: 7008: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6978: 6975: 6974: 6972: 6970: 6966: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6914: 6913: 6910: 6909: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6885: 6884: 6881: 6880: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6849: 6847: 6844: 6843: 6841: 6839: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6826: 6820: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6808: 6805: 6799: 6795: 6791: 6783: 6778: 6776: 6771: 6769: 6764: 6763: 6760: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6739: 6736: 6730: 6729: 6725: 6723: 6722: 6718: 6714: 6713: 6712:Bhagavad Gita 6709: 6708: 6707: 6706: 6702: 6700: 6699: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6662: 6661: 6658: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6647: 6641: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6567:Other deities 6565: 6559: 6558: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6436: 6435: 6432: 6431: 6429: 6427: 6423: 6418: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6295: 6294: 6291: 6290: 6288: 6286: 6282: 6278: 6274: 6273:Hindu deities 6267: 6262: 6260: 6255: 6253: 6248: 6247: 6244: 6232: 6228: 6224: 6222: 6214: 6213: 6210: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6187: 6184: 6183: 6182: 6179: 6178: 6176: 6172: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6123: 6121: 6117: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6100:Trimbakeshwar 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6075:Mahakaleshwar 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6052: 6050: 6048: 6044: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6014: 6012: 6010: 6006: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5976: 5974: 5972: 5971:Pancha Sabhai 5968: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5936: 5934: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5924:Shiva temples 5921: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5896: 5894: 5890: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5878:Shiva Advaita 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5848: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5827: 5821: 5820: 5816: 5814: 5813: 5812:Shiva Mahimna 5809: 5807: 5806: 5802: 5800: 5799: 5795: 5793: 5792: 5788: 5786: 5785: 5784:Shiva Tandava 5781: 5779: 5778: 5774: 5772: 5771: 5767: 5765: 5764: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5741: 5740: 5736: 5734: 5733: 5729: 5727: 5726: 5722: 5720: 5719: 5715: 5713: 5712: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5699: 5694: 5684: 5681: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5668: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5641: 5640: 5637: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5602:Dakshinamurti 5600: 5598: 5595: 5594: 5593: 5590: 5589: 5587: 5585: 5581: 5577: 5576: 5570: 5566: 5559: 5554: 5552: 5547: 5545: 5540: 5539: 5536: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5515: 5512: 5506: 5503: 5502: 5500: 5496: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5454: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5447:Kalika Purana 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5437:Devi Mahatmya 5435: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5426: 5420: 5419: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5407:Tulja Bhavani 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5384: 5382: 5380: 5379:Shakta pithas 5376: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5339:Chandraghanta 5337: 5335: 5334:Brahmacharini 5332: 5330: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5322: 5318: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5281:Bhuvaneshvari 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5259: 5255: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5215: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5202: 5192: 5191: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5163: 5160: 5159: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5124: 5122: 5120: 5116: 5110: 5107: 5106: 5103: 5099: 5092: 5087: 5085: 5080: 5078: 5073: 5072: 5069: 5062: 5059: 5056: 5053: 5052: 5042: 5037: 5036: 5026: 5024:1-4021-9308-4 5020: 5016: 5012: 5007: 5003: 4997: 4993: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4974: 4969: 4965: 4964: 4959: 4958:Kennedy, Vans 4955: 4951: 4945: 4941: 4936: 4935: 4923: 4919: 4913: 4906: 4902: 4896: 4889: 4885: 4879: 4872: 4868: 4862: 4860: 4852: 4849:, p. 345, at 4848: 4847: 4840: 4838: 4830: 4827:, p. 488, at 4826: 4825: 4818: 4811: 4807: 4801: 4794: 4790: 4784: 4777: 4774:, p. 216, at 4773: 4772: 4765: 4758: 4754: 4748: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4724: 4717: 4713: 4707: 4700: 4696: 4690: 4688: 4686: 4678: 4675:, p. 105, at 4674: 4673: 4668: 4667:Reinhold Rost 4663: 4656: 4649: 4640: 4632: 4626: 4622: 4621: 4613: 4605: 4599: 4595: 4594: 4586: 4579: 4575: 4569: 4562: 4558: 4555: 4549: 4540: 4533: 4528: 4522:, pp. 184–192 4521: 4517: 4511: 4502: 4493: 4486: 4482: 4476: 4469: 4468:9780195653915 4465: 4459: 4452: 4448: 4442: 4435: 4431: 4425: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4405: 4399: 4398:0-8239-2287-1 4395: 4389: 4383:, pp. 201–202 4382: 4378: 4372: 4356: 4350: 4335: 4329: 4320: 4313: 4309: 4303: 4297: 4296:81-206-0523-3 4293: 4287: 4280: 4276: 4270: 4263: 4258: 4252:, pp. 847–848 4251: 4247: 4241: 4239: 4232: 4228: 4222: 4216: 4215:9780195057423 4212: 4206: 4199: 4194: 4187: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4170: 4169:9788129104649 4166: 4160: 4151: 4144: 4140: 4134: 4127: 4123: 4117: 4115: 4108:, p. 26. 4107: 4102: 4096:, p. 65. 4095: 4090: 4083: 4078: 4071: 4066: 4060:, p. 49. 4059: 4054: 4046: 4042: 4035: 4028: 4023: 4016: 4012: 4006: 3997: 3988: 3982:, p. 43. 3981: 3976: 3970: 3969:0-8239-2287-1 3966: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3932: 3925: 3920: 3914:, p. 42. 3913: 3908: 3893: 3889: 3882: 3875: 3871: 3865: 3858: 3853: 3847:, p. 96. 3846: 3841: 3834: 3829: 3823:, p. 46. 3822: 3817: 3815: 3808:, pp. 133–153 3807: 3803: 3797: 3795: 3787: 3783: 3777: 3770: 3766: 3760: 3753: 3748: 3741: 3737: 3731: 3724: 3720: 3714: 3707: 3703: 3697: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3682: 3680: 3673: 3672:0-8239-2287-1 3669: 3663: 3656: 3652: 3646: 3644: 3636: 3630: 3623: 3618: 3611: 3606: 3599: 3593: 3587:, pp. 224–225 3586: 3583:, p. 224, at 3582: 3581: 3574: 3567: 3562: 3555: 3551: 3550:Kena Upanisad 3546: 3540:, p. 36. 3539: 3534: 3532: 3523: 3519: 3513: 3505: 3499: 3495: 3494: 3486: 3479: 3475: 3469: 3462: 3459:, p. 381, at 3458: 3457: 3450: 3443: 3438: 3431: 3426: 3424: 3415: 3408: 3401: 3397: 3391: 3385:, p. 41. 3384: 3379: 3377: 3369: 3366:, p. 422, at 3365: 3364: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3345: 3341: 3335: 3333: 3323: 3314: 3305: 3296: 3288: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3264: 3262: 3253: 3247: 3243: 3242: 3234: 3228:, pp. 224–226 3227: 3224:, p. 224, at 3223: 3222: 3215: 3208: 3204: 3198: 3196: 3188: 3185:, p. 153, at 3184: 3183: 3176: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3160: 3156: 3150: 3143: 3139: 3133: 3127: 3123: 3117: 3109: 3107:9788188934324 3103: 3099: 3098: 3090: 3088: 3071: 3067: 3065:9780791403648 3061: 3057: 3056: 3048: 3041: 3036: 3034: 3017: 3013: 3007: 3003: 3002: 2995: 2987: 2982:, p. 62. 2981: 2980:Williams 1981 2976: 2968: 2963:, p. 78. 2962: 2957: 2949: 2943: 2939: 2934: 2933: 2924: 2916: 2910: 2906: 2905: 2897: 2893: 2885: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2853: 2850:(also called 2849: 2845: 2844: 2839: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2805: 2803: 2799: 2794: 2785: 2783: 2780:) manuscript 2779: 2775: 2774: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2721: 2720: 2719: 2717: 2713: 2708: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2690: 2689: 2683: 2679: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2664: 2662: 2657: 2655: 2651: 2642:Java (right). 2641: 2637: 2634: 2630: 2620: 2611: 2602: 2591:Outside India 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2573:Uttar Pradesh 2570: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2558: 2554: 2553:Gomathi Amman 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2422: 2421: 2411: 2408: 2400: 2389: 2386: 2382: 2379: 2375: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2361: 2358: – 2357: 2353: 2352:Find sources: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2332: 2331: 2327: 2322:This section 2320: 2316: 2311: 2310: 2302: 2300: 2296: 2291: 2284: 2279: 2278:Shakta pithas 2272:Major temples 2269: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2246:Kushan Empire 2243: 2233: 2231: 2227: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2214: 2210: 2202: 2197: 2188: 2185: 2181: 2178: 2177:Gauri Tritiya 2173: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2146:Chandraghanta 2143: 2142:Brahmacharini 2139: 2135: 2130: 2128: 2123: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2108:Shukla paksha 2105: 2101: 2093: 2088: 2084: 2082: 2077: 2059: 2058: 2057: 2055: 2054:Skanda Purana 2051: 2047: 2046:Matsya Purana 2037: 2035: 2031: 2026: 2022: 2013: 2011: 1995: 1991: 1990: 1980: 1971: 1961: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1947: 1941: 1939: 1938: 1933: 1929: 1928: 1922: 1921:Mount Kailash 1918: 1913: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1895: 1890: 1886: 1884: 1880: 1875: 1872: 1866: 1863: 1858: 1856: 1852: 1851: 1845: 1843: 1837: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1826:Mount Kailash 1818: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1797: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1774: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1748: 1747: 1742: 1737: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1718: 1717: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1704:According to 1702: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1683:Skanda Purana 1679: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1668: 1650: 1641: 1627: 1624: 1618: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1602: 1600: 1596: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1568: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1533: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1495: 1486: 1474: 1469: 1460: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1441: 1437: 1432: 1430: 1429: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1407: 1402: 1401: 1395: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1360: 1355: 1351: 1336: 1332: 1331: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1313: 1304: 1302: 1298: 1297: 1292: 1291: 1286: 1285: 1280: 1276: 1275: 1270: 1266: 1265: 1260: 1256: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1210: 1205: 1204: 1199: 1198: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1148: 1144: 1143:Girirajaputri 1140: 1136: 1133:(Daughter of 1132: 1128: 1124: 1119: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1099:) and mother 1098: 1094: 1090: 1084: 1078: 1069: 1068:1872,0701.54 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1031: 1022: 1012: 1002: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 979: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 956: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 933: 931: 927: 923: 920:. Along with 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 893: 887: 879: 875: 871: 869: 863: 855: 851: 847: 845: 839: 831: 827: 816: 811: 809: 804: 802: 797: 796: 794: 793: 790: 780: 779: 772: 769: 768: 762: 761: 754: 753:Shakta pithas 751: 749: 746: 744: 741: 739: 736: 734: 731: 729: 726: 724: 721: 720: 714: 713: 706: 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 691: 688: 686: 683: 681: 678: 677: 671: 670: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 652:Ramprasad Sen 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 634: 631: 626: 625: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 600: 599: 596: 595: 591: 590: 586: 585:Dakshinachara 583: 581: 578: 577: 574: 571: 570: 563: 562: 555: 552: 550: 547: 545: 544:Annada Mangal 542: 540: 537: 536: 533: 530: 529: 525: 524:Kalika Purana 522: 520: 517: 515: 512: 510: 507: 505: 502: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 484: 483: 480: 476: 473: 472: 471: 468: 466: 463: 462: 459: 454: 453: 446: 443: 441: 438: 436: 433: 431: 428: 426: 423: 421: 418: 416: 413: 411: 408: 406: 403: 401: 398: 397: 394: 392: 388: 387: 384: 379: 378: 373: 370: 369: 368: 367: 363: 359: 358: 355: 352: 351: 347: 343: 342: 329: 326: 323: 320: 319: 318: 317: 315: 311: 308: 305: 301: 297: 292: 289: 285: 279: 276: 272: 267: 264: 260: 256: 252: 251:Vijayadashami 248: 245: 241: 238: 234: 230: 229:Kalika Purana 226: 225:Devi Mahatmya 222: 218: 215: 213: 209: 206: 202: 199: 197: 193: 190: 186: 183: 179: 175: 173: 169: 166: 162: 159: 155: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 117: 113: 109: 105: 101: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 76: 71: 68: 64: 59: 55: 45: 40: 37: 33: 29: 22: 8935:Medaw Lay Ba 8890:Shin Thiwali 8849:Amay Yay Yin 8616:Anauk Mibaya 8586:Htibyuhsaung 8561:Maung Minbyu 8540:Shwe Sitthin 8530:Tabinshwehti 8514:Maungminshin 8493:Aungzwamagyi 8464:(Naga Medaw) 8333:Architecture 7936:Brahmacharya 7878:Samavartanam 7843:Annaprashana 7709: 7646: 7612: 7413: 7367:Dharmaśāstra 7357:Arthashastra 7192:Maitrayaniya 7024: 7017: 7010: 6932:Brahmacharya 6726: 6719: 6710: 6703: 6696: 6621:Gramadevatas 6555: 6448: 6404: 6156:Tiruchengode 6060:Grishneshwar 6055:Bhimashankar 6047:Jyotirlingas 5899:Kanwar Yatra 5817: 5810: 5803: 5796: 5789: 5782: 5775: 5770:Rudrashtakam 5768: 5761: 5737: 5730: 5725:Shiva Purana 5723: 5716: 5709: 5653: 5573: 5416: 5369:Siddhidhatri 5291:Chhinnamasta 5188: 5141: 5040: 5014: 4991: 4972: 4962: 4939: 4912: 4895: 4878: 4853:, pp 345–346 4851:Google Books 4844: 4829:Google Books 4822: 4817: 4812:, pp 185–188 4800: 4783: 4778:, pp 200–219 4776:Google Books 4769: 4764: 4759:, pp 374–375 4747: 4742:, pp 138–139 4731: 4723: 4706: 4677:Google Books 4670: 4662: 4653: 4648: 4639: 4619: 4612: 4592: 4585: 4568: 4548: 4539: 4527: 4510: 4501: 4492: 4487:, pp 142–143 4475: 4458: 4441: 4436:, pp 326–327 4424: 4404: 4388: 4371: 4359:. Retrieved 4349: 4337:. Retrieved 4328: 4319: 4302: 4286: 4269: 4257: 4221: 4205: 4198:Kennedy 1831 4193: 4159: 4150: 4133: 4106:Kinsley 1988 4101: 4094:Coleman 2021 4089: 4077: 4070:Kennedy 1831 4065: 4058:Kinsley 1988 4053: 4044: 4034: 4027:Kinsley 1988 4022: 4005: 3996: 3987: 3980:Kinsley 1988 3975: 3945:Wilkins 2001 3931: 3924:Wilkins 2001 3919: 3912:Kinsley 1988 3907: 3895:. Retrieved 3891: 3881: 3876:, pp 331–332 3864: 3859:, p. 4. 3857:Kinsley 1988 3852: 3845:Kinsley 1988 3840: 3833:Kennedy 1831 3828: 3821:Kinsley 1988 3788:, pp 165–167 3776: 3759: 3751: 3747: 3742:, pp 303, 48 3730: 3713: 3708:, pp 34, 266 3696: 3662: 3657:, pp 245–246 3634: 3629: 3622:Wilkins 2001 3617: 3605: 3598:Wilkins 2001 3592: 3585:Google Books 3578: 3573: 3566:Kinsley 1988 3561: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3538:Kinsley 1988 3521: 3512: 3492: 3485: 3468: 3461:Google Books 3454: 3449: 3442:Kinsley 1988 3437: 3430:Wilkins 2001 3413: 3407: 3390: 3383:Kinsley 1988 3370:, pp 422–436 3368:Google Books 3361: 3322: 3313: 3304: 3295: 3277:Viking Press 3272: 3240: 3233: 3226:Google Books 3219: 3214: 3187:Google Books 3180: 3149: 3132: 3116: 3096: 3074:. Retrieved 3054: 3047: 3040:Wilkins 2001 3020:. Retrieved 3000: 2994: 2975: 2956: 2931: 2923: 2903: 2896: 2878:Edmund Leach 2861: 2856: 2847: 2841: 2840:. In Crete, 2835: 2831: 2829: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2806: 2791: 2781: 2777: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2760:Gunung Batur 2751: 2747: 2744:Gunung Agung 2739: 2735: 2727: 2725: 2715: 2709: 2694: 2686: 2665: 2658: 2647: 2418: 2403: 2394: 2384: 2377: 2370: 2363: 2351: 2335:Please help 2323: 2299:Shaktipeeths 2298: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2261: 2253: 2239: 2229: 2223: 2217: 2209:Daksha Yagam 2208: 2206: 2200: 2184:Thiruvathira 2182: 2176: 2174: 2131: 2124: 2097: 2074: 2050:Shiva Purana 2043: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2009: 2006: 1987: 1958: 1954: 1942: 1935: 1931: 1925: 1914: 1899: 1893: 1876: 1867: 1859: 1848: 1846: 1838: 1823: 1799: 1785: 1781: 1775: 1770: 1752: 1744: 1741:Ellora Caves 1703: 1686: 1680: 1672:Linga Purana 1665: 1662: 1619: 1606: 1603: 1598: 1592: 1589: 1585:Ardhachandra 1584: 1580: 1576: 1573:Parvatimudra 1572: 1569: 1565: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1534: 1519: 1433: 1426: 1404: 1398: 1396: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1357: 1353: 1347: 1328: 1324: 1295: 1289: 1282: 1272: 1263: 1252: 1246: 1238: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1207: 1201: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1120: 1116: 1100: 1096: 1076: 1075: 990: 980: 957: 934: 889: 873: 865: 849: 841: 825: 824: 733:Lakshmi Puja 695:Panchamakara 642:Bhaskararaya 592: 573:Vidya margam 572: 531: 409: 389: 36: 8960:Ma Phae Wah 8945:Mya Nan Nwe 8860:Myauk Medaw 8855:Taung Medaw 8845:Anauk Medaw 8840:Ashay Medaw 8806:Lord of the 8789:Ko Myo Shin 8726:Koyin Maung 8672:Maha Peinne 8633:(Ma Hnelay) 8606:Min Kyawzwa 8550:Maung Po Tu 8457:Hnamadawgyi 8382:WikiProject 8254:Persecution 8242:Nationalism 8232:Iconography 8112:Ratha Yatra 8023:Janmashtami 8018:Rama Navami 7946:Vanaprastha 7897:Varnashrama 7873:Ritushuddhi 7858:Vidyarambha 7848:Chudakarana 7838:Nishkramana 7813:Garbhadhana 7454:Thirukkural 7449:Thiruppugal 7377:Nāradasmṛti 7340:Mahabharata 7118:Atharvaveda 6996:Vaisheshika 6883:Puruṣārthas 6705:Mahabharata 6616:Kuladevatas 6395:Vishvakarma 6203:Other names 6085:Omkareshwar 6070:Mallikarjun 5933:Panch Kedar 5805:Shri Rudram 5791:Sahasranama 5412:Mahalakshmi 5329:Shailaputri 5311:Kamalatmika 5301:Bagalamukhi 4932:Works cited 4419:, pp. 94–95 3897:26 November 3360:John Muir, 2852:Britomartis 2821:Magna Mater 2773:Ibu Pertiwi 2485:Maharashtra 2236:Numismatics 2170:Siddhidatri 2138:Shailaputri 2116:Maharashtra 2100:Gowri Habba 2083:in Punjab. 1670:(time). In 1577:Deva Hastas 1406:Mahabharata 1315:Coinage of 1259:Mahishasura 1186:('power'), 1127:Shailaputri 657:Ramakrishna 617:Kubjikamata 594:Kula margam 532:other texts 263:Gauri Habba 115:Affiliation 88:Other names 32:Urvi (film) 9020:Categories 8985:Wathondare 8768:Bago Medaw 8747:U Shin Gyi 8722:(Me Wunna) 8720:Popa Medaw 8706:Other nats 8692:Thuyathadi 8686:Paramethwa 8525:Nyaunggyin 8516:(Shin Byu) 8510:(Shin Nyo) 8508:Taungmagyi 8483:Thandawgan 8468:Thonbanhla 8462:Shwe Nabay 8083:Kumbh Mela 8051:Gudi Padwa 7996:Durga Puja 7981:Shivaratri 7853:Karnavedha 7833:Namakarana 7795:Tirthatana 7562:Dattatreya 7399:Subhashita 7372:Manusmriti 7249:Dhanurveda 7182:Taittiriya 7167:Kaushitaki 7154:Upanishads 6927:Aparigraha 6829:Philosophy 6687:Upanishads 6606:Gandharvas 6330:Dattatreya 6186:Rasalingam 6110:Vishwanath 6105:Vaidyanath 5961:Kalpeshwar 5914:Shiva Puja 5829:Traditions 5627:Tatpurusha 5402:Taratarini 5349:Skandamata 5223:Maheshvari 5174:Bhadrakali 4873:, pp 79–80 4795:, pp 57–85 4701:, pp 67–68 4357:. Manorama 4314:, pp 68–71 4171:, pp 20–27 4017:, pp 82–87 3771:, pp 40–42 3346:, pp 77–80 2888:References 2782:Andabhuana 2764:Dewi Durga 2701:nipponized 2654:Kbal Spean 2505:Tamil Nadu 2434:Gauri Kund 2367:newspapers 2276:See also: 2154:Skandamata 2104:Bhadrapada 2066:In culture 1946:Mahavidyas 1932:Hara-Gauri 1561:Shivalinga 1342: 150 1301:Bhandasura 1284:Mookambika 1269:Raktabeeja 1214:Shivaradni 1192:Maheshwari 995:South Asia 976:Navadurgas 974:, and the 972:Mahavidyas 970:, the ten 896:), is the 728:Durga Puja 549:Ramprasadi 259:Bathukamma 151:Mahavidyas 107:Devanagari 61:Member of 8920:Lawka Nat 8905:Bo Bo Gyi 8865:Amay Gyan 8761:Bago nats 8713:Popa nats 8662:Beikthano 8631:Shin Nemi 8601:Min Sithu 8555:Yun Bayin 8498:Ngazishin 8442:Thagyamin 8306:Theosophy 8237:Mythology 8217:Criticism 8185:Etymology 8143:Svādhyāya 8042:New Year 7991:Navaratri 7963:Festivals 7941:Grihastha 7914:Kshatriya 7888:Antyeshti 7863:Upanayana 7828:Jatakarma 7818:Pumsavana 7805:Sanskaras 7770:Naivedhya 7724:Practices 7669:Mahavidya 7637:Saraswati 7624:Goddesses 7582:Kartikeya 7479:Athichudi 7434:Tirumurai 7287:Vyākaraṇa 7254:Natyaveda 7202:Chandogya 7127:Divisions 7108:Yajurveda 6626:Rakshasas 6496:Mahavidya 6439:Saraswati 6426:Goddesses 6355:Kartikeya 6146:Lingaraja 6141:Katas Raj 6080:Nageshvar 6065:Kedarnath 5951:Rudranath 5941:Kedarnath 5739:Tirumurai 5666:Kartikeya 5622:Sadyojata 5364:Mahagauri 5359:Kalaratri 5354:Katyayani 5344:Kushmanda 5321:Navadurga 5296:Dhumavati 5258:Mahavidya 5233:Vaishnavi 5162:Navadurga 5132:Saraswati 4082:Tate 2006 3610:Tate 2006 3596:Weber in 3076:20 August 2882:Aphrodite 2858:Carl Jung 2752:Dewi Danu 2740:Giriputri 2668:Indonesia 2640:Majapahit 2495:Meghalaya 2440:Karnataka 2356:"Parvati" 2324:does not 2225:rudraksha 2220:adornment 2213:Kathakali 2166:Mahagauri 2162:Kaalratri 2158:Katyayini 2150:Kushmanda 2120:Karnataka 2092:Rajasthan 2071:Festivals 2034:Kartikeya 1937:Annapurna 1830:Kartikeya 1699:Meenakshi 1615:Annapurna 1504:Indonesia 1333:("ΟΗϷΟ", 1230:Annapurna 1164:Harivamsa 1131:Haimavati 1105:Himalayas 945:Kartikeya 926:Saraswati 738:Kali Puja 723:Navaratri 690:Kundalini 674:Practices 607:Kalikulam 580:Vamachara 445:Saraswati 420:Mahavidya 393:(Supreme) 322:Kartikeya 269:Genealogy 247:Navaratri 243:Festivals 165:Manidvipa 147:Navadurga 9041:Shaktism 8975:Bhummaso 8970:Akathaso 8900:Ponmagyi 8697:Thukanda 8557:(Mekuti) 8452:Mahagiri 8362:Category 8313:Glossary 8281:Buddhism 8247:Hindutva 8207:Calendar 8088:Haridwar 8066:Vaisakhi 8061:Puthandu 7951:Sannyasa 7868:Keshanta 7699:Shashthi 7535:Trimurti 7362:Nitisara 7335:Ramayana 7330:Itihasas 7302:Jyotisha 7244:Ayurveda 7236:Upavedas 7217:Mandukya 7162:Aitareya 7144:Aranyaka 7139:Brahmana 7113:Samaveda 7038:Charvaka 6838:Concepts 6819:Timeline 6811:Glossary 6794:Hinduism 6742:Hinduism 6698:Ramayana 6640:Yakshini 6546:Shashthi 6506:Matrikas 6491:Mahadevi 6293:Trimurti 6221:Category 6126:Amarnath 5999:Chitiram 5994:Thamiram 5979:Rathinam 5946:Tungnath 5909:Pradosha 5846:Kapalika 5671:Devasena 5632:Vamadeva 5617:Nataraja 5607:Harihara 5597:Bhairava 5565:Shaivism 5518:Hinduism 5397:Kamakhya 5392:Kalighat 5286:Bhairavi 5248:Chamunda 5218:Brahmani 5210:Matrikas 5169:Mahakali 5127:Mahadevi 5098:Shaktism 4960:(1831). 4730:(2012), 4580:, pp 274 4557:Archived 4453:, pp 462 4281:, pp 325 4145:, pp 136 3937:Ramayana 3725:, pp 184 3554:xxix-xxx 3402:, pp 663 3271:(2011). 3070:Archived 3022:19 March 3016:Archived 2848:Diktynna 2703:form is 2697:Mahakali 2688:Dewi Sri 2672:Malaysia 2650:Cambodia 2629:Cambodia 2397:May 2023 2268:script. 2134:Navratri 1950:Tantrism 1934:) or as 1871:Ashramas 1855:Kamadeva 1806:, and I 1802:You are 1710:Shaivism 1706:Shaktism 1695:Kamakshi 1667:Mahakali 1623:Trimurti 1611:Mahakali 1514:(right). 1411:Kalidasa 1403:and the 1400:Ramayana 1344:-180 CE. 1321:Huvishka 1274:Chamundi 1234:Mahakali 1226:Kamakshi 1203:Bhairavi 1123:Shailaja 1109:Udhampur 1101:Menavati 1089:Sanskrit 987:Shaivism 918:Shaktism 910:Mahadevi 906:Shaivism 902:Shaktism 878:Sanskrit 854:Sanskrit 830:Sanskrit 630:Scholars 602:Srikulam 435:Matrikas 391:Mahadevi 354:Shaktism 346:a series 344:Part of 313:Children 287:Siblings 280:(father) 161:Kailasha 127:Mahadevi 97:Sanskrit 54:Shaivism 8980:Yokkaso 8798:Hkuntha 8795:Hkuncho 8626:Shingwa 8621:Shingon 8520:Shindaw 8478:Mintara 8351:Outline 8301:Sikhism 8296:Judaism 8291:Jainism 8172:Related 8148:Namaste 8001:Ramlila 7931:Ashrama 7919:Vaishya 7909:Brahmin 7732:Worship 7684:Rukmini 7674:Matrika 7647:Parvati 7642:Lakshmi 7632:Tridevi 7587:Krishna 7572:Hanuman 7567:Ganesha 7518:Deities 7404:Tantras 7394:Stotras 7347:Puranas 7292:Nirukta 7282:Chandas 7277:Shiksha 7269:Vedanga 7222:Prashna 7212:Mundaka 7134:Samhita 7103:Rigveda 7034:Nāstika 7019:Advaita 7006:Vedanta 7001:Mīmāṃsā 6981:Samkhya 6969:Schools 6957:Akrodha 6876:Saṃsāra 6856:Ishvara 6846:Brahman 6692:Puranas 6680:Atharva 6649:Texts ( 6636:Yakshas 6631:Vahanas 6601:Dikpāla 6574:Apsaras 6526:Rukmini 6501:Matangi 6449:Parvati 6444:Lakshmi 6434:Tridevi 6360:Krishna 6340:Hanuman 6335:Ganesha 6325:Chandra 6320:Ashvins 6198:Vibhuti 6095:Somnath 5798:Chalisa 5661:Ganesha 5654:Parvati 5584:Deities 5575:History 5418:More... 5306:Matangi 5243:Indrani 5228:Kaumari 5142:Parvati 5137:Lakshmi 5109:History 5055:Parvati 4924:, pp 85 4907:, pp 56 4890:, pp 64 4361:5 March 4339:5 March 3935:In the 3456:Parvati 3209:, pp 11 3182:Parvati 3161:, pp 32 3144:, pp 78 2866:Artemis 2832:Bhawani 2802:mandala 2728:Parwati 2661:Vietnam 2636:Vietnam 2563:Tripura 2381:scholar 2345:removed 2330:sources 2242:Bactria 2127:Gangaur 2040:Ganesha 2030:Ganesha 1917:Puranas 1879:Tandava 1834:Ganesha 1808:Purusha 1804:Prakṛti 1755:Puranas 1731:Legends 1607:Pratima 1530:Ganesha 1445:Nirriti 1423:Hopkins 1415:Puranas 1380:Trideva 1376:Brahman 1364:Anuvaka 1354:Rigveda 1307:History 1209:Bhavani 1152:Shaktas 1135:Himavan 1097:Parvata 1093:Himavan 1077:Parvata 1048:Ganesha 941:Ganesha 930:Tridevi 922:Lakshmi 844:Pārvatī 834:पार्वती 826:Parvati 566:Schools 497:Tripura 470:Tantras 440:Lakshmi 410:Parvati 383:Deities 372:History 328:Ganesha 303:Consort 296:Mainaka 278:Himavan 274:Parents 237:Tantras 131:Tridevi 110:पार्वती 102:Pārvatī 81:Ganesha 63:Tridevi 42:Parvati 8667:Byamma 8372:Portal 8276:Baháʼí 8180:Hindus 8158:Tilaka 8127:Others 8103:Ujjain 8098:Prayag 8093:Nashik 8033:Pongal 7971:Diwali 7924:Shudra 7883:Vivaha 7790:Dhyāna 7765:Bhajan 7755:Bhakti 7740:Temple 7694:Shakti 7602:Varuna 7545:Vishnu 7540:Brahma 7389:Sutras 7325:Agamas 7081:Smriti 7012:Dvaita 6977:Āstika 6922:Asteya 6917:Ahimsa 6903:Moksha 6888:Dharma 6801:topics 6596:Devata 6589:Danava 6584:Daitya 6579:Asuras 6541:Shakti 6531:Sanjna 6521:Rohini 6481:Shachi 6466:Chhaya 6385:Varuna 6375:Shasta 6365:Kubera 6303:Vishnu 6298:Brahma 6231:Portal 6193:Siddha 6181:Lingam 6119:Others 5851:Aghori 5754:Stotra 5750:Mantra 5639:Shakti 5612:Ishana 5523:Tantra 5387:Bimala 5238:Varahi 5152:Shakti 5021: 4998: 4979: 4946: 4920: 4903: 4886: 4869: 4808: 4791: 4755: 4738: 4714: 4697: 4627: 4600: 4576: 4518: 4483: 4466: 4449: 4432: 4415: 4396: 4379: 4310: 4294: 4277: 4248: 4229: 4213: 4167: 4141: 4124: 4013: 3967: 3872: 3804: 3784: 3767: 3738: 3721: 3704: 3670: 3653: 3500: 3476: 3398: 3342: 3283: 3248: 3205: 3157: 3140: 3124: 3104: 3062: 3008: 2944: 2911: 2809:Cybele 2798:yantra 2778:lontar 2768:Rangda 2699:, her 2633:Champa 2477:, and 2451:Kerala 2446:Mysore 2383: 2376: 2369: 2362: 2354: 2295:Pithas 2266:Brahmi 2262:vahana 2250:Harsha 2168:, and 2081:Teeyan 2052:, and 1906:Shakti 1862:Shakta 1771:Parvat 1763:Daksha 1547:means 1539:and a 1473:Odisha 1392:Varuna 1390:, and 1372:shakti 1319:ruler 1317:Kushan 1188:Mataji 1184:Shakti 1180:Ambika 1056:Odisha 1052:Skanda 1044:Lalita 983:Shakti 953:Shakti 914:Shakti 872:) and 705:Yantra 700:Tantra 475:Yogini 430:Lalita 405:Shakti 189:Friday 187:& 185:Monday 172:Mantra 123:Shakti 8682:Thiwa 8677:Sandi 8651:Hindu 8446:Śakra 8286:Islam 8264:India 8153:Bindi 8136:Other 8076:Ugadi 8071:Vishu 7904:Varna 7785:Tapas 7775:Yajna 7745:Murti 7679:Radha 7659:Durga 7654:Bhumi 7597:Surya 7577:Indra 7550:Shiva 7312:Other 7297:Kalpa 7187:Katha 7091:Vedas 7076:Śruti 7061:Texts 6991:Nyaya 6947:Damah 6937:Satya 6893:Artha 6871:Karma 6861:Atman 6815:Index 6675:Yajur 6660:Vedas 6511:Radha 6476:Ganga 6471:Durga 6461:Bhumi 6456:Aditi 6380:Surya 6345:Indra 6308:Shiva 6277:texts 5989:Velli 5856:Kaula 5702:Texts 5683:Nandi 5676:Valli 5592:Shiva 5429:Texts 5179:Radha 5157:Durga 5061:Jyoti 3941:Ganga 2940:–50. 2860:, in 2837:Diana 2817:Durga 2813:Vesta 2766:. As 2756:Batur 2388:JSTOR 2374:books 2260:(his 2258:Nandi 2230:malas 1902:Shiva 1883:Lasya 1794:tapas 1790:yogin 1767:yagna 1691:Durga 1676:asura 1541:linga 1526:mudra 1512:Nepal 1453:Durga 1449:Aditi 1440:Rudra 1438:gods 1436:Vedic 1419:aryan 1335:Shiva 1330:Oesho 1197:Durga 1083:पर्वत 1060:India 1040:Shiva 991:argha 985:. In 964:Durga 949:Ganga 937:Shiva 898:Hindu 892:Gaurī 874:Gauri 465:Vedas 415:Durga 330:(son) 324:(son) 307:Shiva 291:Ganga 212:Texts 205:Tiger 196:Mount 157:Abode 139:Durga 8654:nats 8424:Nats 8328:List 8190:List 8117:Teej 8046:Bihu 8028:Onam 7976:Holi 7780:Homa 7760:Japa 7750:Puja 7710:more 7704:Sita 7689:Sati 7664:Kali 7613:more 7607:Vayu 7592:Rama 7557:Agni 7527:Gods 7207:Kena 7177:Isha 6986:Yoga 6952:Dayā 6942:Dāna 6912:Niti 6898:Kama 6866:Maya 6728:more 6670:Sama 6651:list 6611:Gana 6557:more 6551:Sita 6536:Sati 6516:Rati 6486:Kali 6406:more 6400:Yama 6390:Vayu 6370:Rama 6350:Kama 6315:Agni 6285:Gods 6275:and 5649:Sati 5271:Tara 5266:Kali 5190:More 5184:Sita 5147:Sati 5119:Devi 5019:ISBN 4996:ISBN 4977:ISBN 4944:ISBN 4918:ISBN 4901:ISBN 4884:ISBN 4867:ISBN 4806:ISBN 4789:ISBN 4753:ISBN 4736:ISBN 4712:ISBN 4695:ISBN 4655:past 4625:ISBN 4598:ISBN 4574:ISBN 4516:ISBN 4481:ISBN 4464:ISBN 4447:ISBN 4430:ISBN 4413:ISBN 4394:ISBN 4377:ISBN 4363:2020 4341:2020 4308:ISBN 4292:ISBN 4275:ISBN 4246:ISBN 4227:ISBN 4211:ISBN 4165:ISBN 4139:ISBN 4122:ISBN 4011:ISBN 3965:ISBN 3899:2022 3870:ISBN 3802:ISBN 3782:ISBN 3765:ISBN 3736:ISBN 3719:ISBN 3702:ISBN 3668:ISBN 3651:ISBN 3635:Devi 3498:ISBN 3474:ISBN 3396:ISBN 3340:ISBN 3281:ISBN 3246:ISBN 3203:ISBN 3155:ISBN 3138:ISBN 3122:ISBN 3102:ISBN 3078:2019 3060:ISBN 3024:2023 3006:ISBN 2986:help 2967:help 2942:ISBN 2909:ISBN 2874:Mary 2872:and 2870:Isis 2843:Rhea 2825:Kali 2793:Tara 2758:and 2748:Siwa 2732:Bali 2716:yoni 2676:Java 2670:and 2583:and 2432:and 2360:news 2328:any 2326:cite 2254:Ommo 2191:Arts 2118:and 2098:The 2076:Teej 2032:and 1792:and 1786:Kama 1782:Kama 1778:Kama 1759:Sati 1753:The 1708:and 1687:Durg 1599:Kama 1595:Kali 1551:and 1549:womb 1545:yoni 1537:yoni 1522:sari 1457:Kali 1455:and 1388:Vayu 1384:Agni 1325:Ommo 1281:’), 1271:’), 1261:’), 1241:Kali 1222:Renu 1218:Urvi 1168:u mā 1160:Sati 1050:and 997:and 968:Kali 943:and 924:and 886:IAST 882:गौरी 862:IAST 838:IAST 748:Teej 685:Yoni 680:Yoga 492:Sita 487:Devi 425:Kali 400:Devi 255:Teej 203:and 201:Lion 143:Kali 135:Sati 119:Devi 65:and 30:and 8202:Law 6665:Rig 5984:Pon 2830:As 2800:or 2736:Uma 2710:In 2571:in 2561:in 2503:in 2493:in 2483:in 2449:in 2438:In 2424:in 2339:by 2297:or 2211:of 1930:or 1681:In 1510:of 1382:of 1220:or 1137:), 955:. 912:or 868:Umā 858:उमा 850:Uma 181:Day 9022:: 7036:: 6979:: 6851:Om 6638:/ 5013:. 4858:^ 4836:^ 4684:^ 4669:, 4237:^ 4176:^ 4113:^ 4043:. 3952:^ 3890:. 3813:^ 3793:^ 3678:^ 3642:^ 3530:^ 3520:. 3422:^ 3375:^ 3351:^ 3331:^ 3260:^ 3194:^ 3166:^ 3086:^ 3068:. 3032:^ 3014:. 2938:49 2876:. 2868:, 2784:. 2707:. 2663:. 2579:, 2575:: 2565:: 2555:, 2551:, 2547:, 2543:, 2539:, 2535:, 2531:, 2527:, 2523:, 2519:, 2515:, 2511:, 2507:: 2497:: 2487:: 2473:, 2469:, 2465:, 2461:, 2457:, 2453:: 2442:: 2172:. 2164:, 2160:, 2156:, 2152:, 2148:, 2144:, 2140:, 2122:. 2048:, 2036:. 1773:. 1697:, 1431:. 1386:, 1339:c. 1172:Om 1141:, 1066:. 1058:, 1054:, 1001:. 978:. 966:, 932:. 888:: 884:, 880:: 864:: 860:, 856:: 840:: 836:, 832:: 348:on 261:, 257:, 253:, 249:, 235:, 231:, 227:, 223:, 219:, 163:, 149:, 145:, 141:, 137:, 133:, 129:, 125:, 121:, 8851:) 8847:( 8688:) 8684:( 8448:) 8444:( 8416:e 8409:t 8402:v 6781:e 6774:t 6767:v 6653:) 6265:e 6258:t 6251:v 5752:/ 5557:e 5550:t 5543:v 5090:e 5083:t 5076:v 5004:. 4985:. 4952:. 4633:. 4606:. 4365:. 4343:. 4047:. 3901:. 3556:. 3524:. 3506:. 3289:. 3254:. 3110:. 3080:. 3026:. 2988:) 2969:) 2950:. 2917:. 2410:) 2404:( 2399:) 2395:( 2385:· 2378:· 2371:· 2364:· 2347:. 2333:. 2106:( 2094:. 1904:- 1810:. 1475:. 1174:( 1079:( 1070:. 876:( 852:( 828:( 814:e 807:t 800:v 34:. 23:.

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