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502:, to go out and photograph scenes from the Civil War. Brady generally resided in Washington, D.C., where he organized his assistants and rarely visited battlefields personally. However, as author Roy Meredith points out, "He was essentially the director. The actual operation of the camera though mechanical is important, but the selection of the scene to be photographed is as important, if not more so than just 'snapping the shutter.
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536:, and soldiers in camps and battlefields. The images provide a pictorial cross reference of Civil War history. Brady was not able to photograph actual battle scenes, as the photographic equipment in those days was still in the infancy of its technical development and required that a subject be still for a clear photo to be produced.
858:. He can also be considered a pioneer in the orchestration of a "corporate credit line". In this practice, every image produced in his gallery was labeled "Photo by Brady"; however, Brady dealt directly with only the most distinguished subjects, and most portrait sessions were carried out by others.
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On
September 19, 1862, two days after the Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest day of combat on U.S. soil with more than 23,000 killed, wounded or missing, Brady sent photographer Alexander Gardner and his assistant James Gibson to photograph the carnage. In October 1862, Brady displayed the photos by
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This may have been due, at least in part, to the fact that Brady's eyesight had begun to deteriorate in the 1850s. Many of the images in Brady's collection are, in reality, thought to be the work of his assistants. Brady was criticized for failing to document the photographer, though it is unclear
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His efforts to document the Civil War on a grand scale by bringing his photographic studio onto the battlefields earned Brady his place in history. Despite the dangers, financial risk, and discouragement by his friends, Brady was later quoted as saying, "I had to go. A spirit in my feet said 'Go,'
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invention of capturing images. At first, Brady's involvement was limited to manufacturing leather cases that held daguerreotypes. But soon he became the center of the New York artistic colony that wished to study photography. Morse opened a studio and offered classes; Brady was one of the first
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base for stability, plus an adjustable-height single-column pipe leg for dual use as either a portrait model's armrest or (when fully extended and fitted with a brace attachment rather than the usual tabletop) as a neck rest. The latter was often needed to keep models steady during the longer
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The idea that many of the Civil war negatives perished by being used in greenhouses is probably a myth. This is also dispelled by the Civil War photo historian Bob Zeller. Practically all histories of Civil War photography omit the fact that most were taken in 3-D and many were published as
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As perhaps the best-known US photographer in the 19th century, it was Brady's name that came to be attached to the era's heavy specialized end tables which were factory-made specifically for use by portrait photographers. Such a "Brady stand" of the mid-19th century typically had a weighty
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whether it was intentional or due simply to a lack of inclination to document the photographer of a specific image. Because so much of Brady's photography is missing information, it is difficult to know not only who took the picture, but also exactly when or where it was taken.
893:
and other racist organizations. Following considerable controversy, the City
Council of Tulsa voted on August 15, 2013, to retain the name Brady for the street, but that it would now refer to and honor Mathew B. Brady instead. Mathew Brady never visited Tulsa in his lifetime.
626:
The thousands of photographs which Mathew Brady's photographers (such as
Alexander Gardner and Timothy O'Sullivan) took have become the most important visual documentation of the Civil War, and have helped historians and the public better understand the era.
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reproduces many of these images the way they are supposed to be seen, instead of just half shown in 2-D. Indeed, the picture of Brady in a straw hat shown in this article is reproduced as a stereoscopic side-by-side image on page 12 of
521:. Many images in this presentation were graphic photographs of corpses, a presentation new to America. This was the first time that many Americans saw the realities of war in photographs, as distinct from previous artists' impressions.
459:, for permission to have his photographers travel to the battle sites, and eventually he made his application to President Lincoln himself. Lincoln granted permission in 1861, with the provision that Brady finance the project himself.
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to buy the photographs when the Civil War ended. Despite a recommendation from
Congress' Joint Committee on the Library, the government declined to do so and Brady was forced to sell his New York City studio and file for bankruptcy.
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Brady and his studio produced over 7,000 pictures (mostly two negatives of each). One set, "after undergoing extraordinary vicissitudes," came into U.S. government possession. His own negatives passed in the 1870s to
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1934:
Illustrated in: Frassanito, William A., E474.65.F7 (P&P) Antietam: The
Photographic Legacy of America's Bloodiest Day, E474.65.F7 (P&P). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, p. 31, with comments on pages
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to bring home the reality of war to the public. He also photographed generals and politicians on both sides of the conflict, though most of these were taken by his assistants rather than by Brady himself.
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collection; and in 1895 Brady himself had no idea of what had become of them. Many were broken, lost, or destroyed by fire. After passing to various other owners, they were discovered and appreciated by
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After the end of the Civil War, these pictures went out of fashion, and the government did not purchase the master copies as he had anticipated. Brady's fortunes declined sharply, and he died in debt.
524:
Through his many paid assistants, Brady took thousands of photos of Civil War scenes. Much of the popular understanding of the war comes from these photos. There are thousands of photos in the
467:, in which he got so close to the action that he barely avoided capture. While most of the time the battle had ceased before pictures were taken, Brady came under direct fire at Bull Run,
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granted Brady $ 25,000 in 1875, but he remained deeply in debt. Unwilling to dwell on the gruesomeness of the Civil War after it ended, private collectors for Brady's works were scarce.
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that warned, "You cannot tell how soon it may be too late." However, he was soon taken with the idea of documenting the war itself. He first applied to an old friend, General
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2223:
193:– January 15, 1896) was an American photographer. Known as one of the earliest and most famous photographers in American history, he is best known for his scenes of the
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Brady left little record of his life before photography. Speaking to the press in the last years of his life, he stated that he was born between 1822 and 1824 in
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is a convenient term for these trade-specific articles of studio equipment, there is no proven connection between Brady himself and the Brady stand's invention
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to departing soldiers. Brady marketed to parents the idea of capturing their young soldiers' images before they might be lost to war by running an ad in the
1652:"H. Rept. 41-46 - Brady's collection of historical portraits. March 3, 1871. -- Ordered to be printed and recommitted to the Joint Committee on the Library"
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The couple had no children, but lavished their attention on Julia's nephew, Levin Handy, who would continue to run Brady's studio until after Brady's death.
997:
389:, and these small pictures (the size of a visiting card) rapidly became a popular novelty; thousands were created and sold in the United States and Europe.
2010:
571:
Depressed by his financial situation and loss of eyesight, and devastated by the death of his wife in 1887, Brady died penniless in the charity ward of
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1896:
276:. He was the youngest of three children to Irish immigrant parents, Andrew and Samantha Julia Brady. In official documents before and during the
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Following the conflict, a war-weary public lost interest in seeing photos of the war, and Brady's popularity and practice declined drastically.
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taken by Brady and his associates, Alexander
Gardner, George Barnard and Timothy O'Sullivan. The photographs include Lincoln, General
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943:. Burns claims that glass plate negatives were often sold to gardeners, not for their images, but for the glass itself to be used in
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in New York City on
January 15, 1896, from complications from a street-car accident. Brady's funeral was financed by veterans of the
438:
2188:
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927:," who set in motion "events that led to their importance as the nucleus of a collection of Civil War photos published in 1912 as
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of New York, in default of payment for photographic supplies. They "were kicked about from pillar to post" for 10 years, until
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2049:
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379:, was not financially rewarding but invited increased attention to Brady's work and artistry. In 1854, Parisian photographer
371:, a portrait collection of prominent contemporary figures. The album, which featured noteworthy images including the elderly
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During the war, Brady spent over $ 100,000 (about $ 1,878,001 in 2022) to create over 10,000 plates. He expected the
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offering to produce "photographs, ambrotypes and daguerreotypes." This inventive ad pioneered, in the US, the use of
964:. Mathew Brady's photographers created many of the Civil War images, most of which were in 3-D according to Zeller.
2198:
951:. In the years that followed the end of the war, the sun slowly burned away their filmy images and they were lost.
479:
1883:"Matthew Brady Antietam Photography Exhibit From 1862 Recreated at National Museum of Civil War Medicine (PHOTOS)"
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2031:
Mathew Brady's
Illustrated History of the Civil War, 1861-65 and the Causes that Led Up to the Great Conflict
1851:
1171:
807:
1975:
Holzer, Harold. "The
Campaign of 1860: Cooper Union, Mathew Brady, and the Campaign of Words and Images."in
1945:
The "Dead on
Matthews Hil"Arent Dead" by Bob Zeller Battlefield Photographer Volume XX Issue 3 December 2022
1573:"Antietam, Maryland. Allan Pinkerton, President Lincoln, and Major General John A. McClernand: Another View"
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273:
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348:, where he met Juliet (whom everybody called 'Julia') Handy, whom he married in 1850 and lived with on
603:, who died in office three years before Brady started his photographic collection. Brady photographed
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The tuition was fifty dollars, which Brady earned by working as a clerk for department store tycoon
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Brady with his wife Juliet Handy Brady (front left) and sister Ellen Brady Haggerty (front right)
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352:. Brady's early images were daguerreotypes, and he won many awards for his work; in the 1850s,
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displayed 21 original Mathew Brady photographs from 1862 documenting the Battle of Antietam.
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At first, the effect of the Civil War on Brady's business was a brisk increase in sales of
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that were distinct from the text of the publication and from that of other advertisements.
329:
321:
1841:, University of Delaware Messenger. Vol. 2, No. 3, p. 6, Summer 1993. Retrieved June 2011
1783:., "Macy Photographic Studio's Dispatch, The", Northampton MA, Spring–Summer 1913, pp. 2–3
8:
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341:
1968:
Guthrie, Jason Lee. "Ill-Protected Portraits: Mathew Brady and Photographic Copyright."
1865:
304:, and then to New York City, where Brady continued to study painting with Page and with
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The irregular black edge would not have appeared in the official final portrait prints.
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1363:"An Irishman's Diary: Parallels between Seán Keating's wild west and the real thing"
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found them in an attic and bought them; from this they became "the backbone of the
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2160:. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
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Picture of "Confederate dead on Matthews Hill, Bull Run", Brady Handy Collection
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889:, a prominent businessman in Tulsa's early history, who had connections to the
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2017:
Reading American Photographs: Images as History-Mathew Brady to Walker Evans
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in France in 1839, and returned to the US to enthusiastically push the new
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Lee's first session with Brady was in 1845 as a lieutenant colonel in the
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Gardner at his New York gallery under the title "The Dead of Antietam."
1606:(Second Revised ed.). New York: Dover Publications. pp. vii.
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and I went." His first popular photographs of the conflict were at the
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Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection
1839:
Kinship of the soul – 1993 Commencement address by filmmaker Ken Burns
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In October 1862, Brady opened an exhibition of photographs from the
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437:; under his long coat, he is wearing a saber awarded to him by the
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on many occasions. His Lincoln photographs have been used for the
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In 1844, Brady opened his own photography studio at the corner of
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In 1968 Brady became one of the first two Americans named to the
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1559:. Library.duke.edu (March 16, 2010). Retrieved September 2, 2011
1550:
Emergence of Advertising in America, 1850–1920 – Duke Libraries
2065:
498:, and seventeen other men, each of whom was given a traveling
1817:"The Photographic History of the Civil War, in Ten Volumes",
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Some of the lost images are mentioned in the last episode of
846:, the British ambassador to Washington during the Civil War.
231:
When the Civil War began, Brady's use of a mobile studio and
403:
2116:– biography, timeline and analysis of Brady's work at the
1705:. Arago.si.edu (May 16, 2006). Retrieved September 2, 2011
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Mid-19th century "Brady stand" photo model's armrest table
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Brady photographed 18 of the 19 American presidents from
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Brady's original grave marker, with incorrect death year
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and became Page's student. In 1839, the two traveled to
1897:"Brady's Photographs: Pictures of the Dead at Antietam"
2108:
Matthew Brady 1864 Portrait of Abraham Lincoln, Signed
1046:; a related picture also by Brady can be found on the
2229:
People of Washington, D.C., in the American Civil War
2152:
Mathew B. Brady Studio Portrait Photograph Collection
630:
Brady photographed and made portraits of many senior
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technique in America. Brady opened his own studio in
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People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
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of famous Americans, including the likes of Senator
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1378:
356:photography became popular, which gave way to the
328:in New York, and by 1845, he began to exhibit his
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1290:List of photographs considered the most important
899:International Photography Hall of Fame and Museum
364:most commonly used in the Civil War photography.
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1979:(Fordham University Press, 2009) pp. 57–80.
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1315:. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. p. 1.
1142:Brady (center, wearing straw hat), with General
542:
2097:More than 6,000 photographs available in the
1679:"Mathew Brady: The Father of Photojournalism"
1406:
1404:
1275:– Brady's studio in New York City (1853–1859)
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849:
2103:National Archives and Records Administration
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1877:
1875:
615:. One of his Lincoln photos was used by the
2029:Lossing, Benson John, and Mathew B. Brady.
867:exposure times of early photography. While
854:Brady is credited with being the father of
280:, however, he claimed to have been born in
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929:The Photographic History of the Civil War.
904:
555:based on Brady's portrait photo of Lincoln
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49:
1984:Mr. Lincoln's Camera Man, Mathew B. Brady
1885:. Keedysville, Maryland. October 5, 2012.
1872:
1603:Mr. Lincoln's Camera Man, Mathew B. Brady
1476:"Photograph of President Abraham Lincoln"
1312:Mr. Lincoln's camera man, Mathew B. Brady
599:. The exception was the ninth president,
360:, a paper photograph produced from large
1916:Museum, George Eastman (June 10, 2015).
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424:
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250:
1994:. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books.
1327:
1285:Photographers of the American Civil War
955:side-by-side 3-D images. Zeller's book
551:A U.S. postage stamp of U.S. president
308:, Page's former teacher. Morse had met
160: 1850; died 1887)
14:
2166:
1989:
1915:
1798:International Photography Hall of Fame
1567:
1565:
1146:(reading newspaper), taken in May 1864
2249:Burials at the Congressional Cemetery
1992:Mathew Brady and the Image of History
1756:
1734:Mathew Brady: Historian With a Camera
1731:
1410:
1384:
984:National Museum of Civil War Medicine
517:in his New York City gallery, titled
340:. In 1849, he opened a studio at 625
2042:Mathew Brady: Portraits of a Nation.
1761:. American National Biography Online
1522:
1448:
1446:
912:E. & H. T. Anthony & Company
619:as a model for the engraving on the
369:The Gallery of Illustrious Americans
2234:People from Warren County, New York
2204:19th-century American photographers
2086:by Brady and his contemporaries at
1562:
1511:Mathew Brady: Portraits of a Nation
1468:
392:In 1856, Brady placed an ad in the
209:in 1844, and went on to photograph
24:
2154:at the New-York Historical Society
2023:
1962:
1773:
1703:Smithsonian National Postal Museum
1649:
1631:. US Government: National Archives
1513:Bloomsbury, 2014, pp. 27, 117, 241
1389:American National Biography Online
27:American photographer (1820s–1896)
25:
2260:
2219:19th-century American journalists
2059:
1852:"10 Facts: Civil War Photography"
1658:. U.S. Government Printing Office
1443:
1082:by Brady on the day of Lincoln's
292:At the age of 16, Brady moved to
2244:American people of Irish descent
2209:Photographers from New York City
1677:Orlikoff, A. J. (May 17, 2022).
1529:. Greenwood Press. p. 106.
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634:officers in the war, including:
296:, where he met portrait painter
173:
2189:American portrait photographers
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1938:
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1909:
1858:
1844:
1832:
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1757:Smith, Zoe C. (February 2000).
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1683:Historic Congressional Cemetery
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1643:
1629:"Ingersoll, Jared, (1749–1822)"
1593:
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1516:
1503:
1411:Crain, Caleb (August 4, 2013).
1385:Smith, Zoe C. (February 2000).
1048:George Eastman House Collection
429:Brady upon his return from the
157:
2143:Works by or about Mathew Brady
2084:Selected Civil War photographs
1494:
1430:
1355:
1341:. East Bridgewater: JG Press.
1302:
1066:between 1843 and 1848 by Brady
967:
13:
1:
2110:Shapell Manuscript Foundation
1918:"Portrait, Civil War Officer"
1905:. New York. October 20, 1862.
1718:, his final after the war in
1454:"14 Facts About Mathew Brady"
1413:"How Soon It May Be Too Late"
1295:
872:
543:Financial struggles and death
418:An 1857 portrait of Brady by
259:
246:
187:
97:January 15, 1896 (aged 71–74)
68:
56:
1219:Photograph of Brady, c. 1889
381:André-Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri
228:, and other public figures.
197:. He studied under inventor
7:
2011:TR140.B7 P36 1997
1650:Peters, Benjamin Franklin.
1266:
1158:Brady's photos of generals
579:, and he was buried in the
235:enabled thousands of vivid
10:
2265:
2194:American war photographers
1736:. New York: Random House.
1281:– his Southern counterpart
1126:Soldier guarding arsenal,
990:Gallery and related images
937:' 1990 documentary series
850:Photojournalism and honors
842:. Brady also photographed
617:National Bank Note Company
29:
2214:American male journalists
2184:American photojournalists
2127:National Portrait Gallery
2099:Archival Research Catalog
1827:The Review of Reviews Co.
881:In 2013, Brady Street in
810:side, Brady photographed
586:
287:
172:
167:
141:
122:
108:
86:
64:
48:
41:
2123:Mathew Brady's portraits
2095:Mathew Brady Photographs
1819:Francis Trevelyan Miller
1732:Horan, James D. (1988).
1438:Alexander Turney Stewart
1337:Pritzker, Barry (1992).
1177:U.S. Sanitary Commission
1006:cartoon of Brady at work
465:First Battle of Bull Run
431:First Battle of Bull Run
367:In 1850, Brady produced
30:Not to be confused with
2199:Pioneers of photography
2118:Smithsonian Institution
2040:Wilson, Robert (2013).
1829:, New York, 1912, p. 52
1821:, editor-in-chief, and
1627:The National Archives.
1523:Volo, James M. (2004).
905:Books and documentaries
621:90-cent Lincoln Postage
410:Civil War documentation
270:Warren County, New York
237:battlefield photographs
78:Warren County, New York
2239:Abraham Lincoln in art
2071:Mathew Brady biography
1600:Meredith, Roy (1974).
1555:June 11, 2016, at the
1309:Meredith, Roy (1974).
1233:Congressional Cemetery
962:The Civil War in Depth
957:The Civil War in Depth
601:William Henry Harrison
581:Congressional Cemetery
556:
452:New-York Daily Tribune
442:
422:
420:Charles Loring Elliott
310:Louis Jacques Daguerre
265:
113:Congressional Cemetery
2134:Works by Mathew Brady
1990:Panzer, Mary (1997).
1972:45.2 (2019): 135–156.
1578:World Digital Library
1526:The Antebellum Period
1480:World Digital Library
982:In October 2012, the
690:Samuel P. Heintzelman
577:7th New York Infantry
573:Presbyterian Hospital
550:
484:Timothy H. O'Sullivan
439:New York Fire Zouaves
428:
417:
254:
2114:Mathew Brady's World
2044:London: Bloomsbury,
2015:Trachtenberg, Alan.
1854:. November 16, 2020.
979:published a review.
836:Henry Hopkins Sibley
583:in Washington, D.C.
519:The Dead of Antietam
201:, who pioneered the
2079:Library of Congress
1924:on January 1, 2003.
1825:, Managing Editor,
1084:Cooper Union speech
925:Edward Bailey Eaton
832:James Henry Hammond
816:P. G. T. Beauregard
770:Henry Warner Slocum
740:Montgomery C. Meigs
530:Library of Congress
342:Pennsylvania Avenue
2019:(Macmillan, 1990).
1970:Journalism History
1902:The New York Times
1417:The New York Times
1387:"Brady, Mathew B."
1248:Pedro II of Brazil
1191:Cornelius R. Agnew
976:The New York Times
745:David Dixon Porter
700:Oliver Otis Howard
665:Joshua Chamberlain
557:
515:Battle of Antietam
443:
423:
294:Saratoga, New York
278:American Civil War
266:
2138:Project Gutenberg
2050:978-1-62040-203-0
1977:Lincoln Revisited
1794:"Mathew B. Brady"
1759:"Brady, Mathew B"
1581:. October 3, 1862
1231:Brady's grave at
1064:John Quincy Adams
820:Stonewall Jackson
750:William Rosecrans
725:Freeman McGilvery
593:John Quincy Adams
526:National Archives
492:George N. Barnard
482:, James Gardner,
480:Alexander Gardner
214:John Quincy Adams
181:
180:
16:(Redirected from
2256:
2147:Internet Archive
2005:
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775:George Stoneman
760:William Sherman
730:James McPherson
660:Benjamin Butler
645:Nathaniel Banks
623:issue of 1869.
605:Abraham Lincoln
589:
561:U.S. government
553:Abraham Lincoln
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412:
395:New York Herald
386:carte de visite
362:glass negatives
338:Edgar Allan Poe
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218:Abraham Lincoln
211:U.S. presidents
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184:Mathew B. Brady
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32:Matthew Brady
19:
2174:1820s births
2041:
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2016:
1991:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1951:
1940:
1930:
1922:the original
1911:
1900:
1891:
1866:"Bob Zeller"
1860:
1846:
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1813:
1801:. Retrieved
1797:
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1686:. Retrieved
1682:
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1583:. Retrieved
1576:
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1486:February 10,
1484:. Retrieved
1470:
1458:. Retrieved
1432:
1420:. Retrieved
1416:
1391:. Retrieved
1366:
1357:
1339:Mathew Brady
1338:
1311:
1304:
1273:359 Broadway
1204:Congressman
981:
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306:Samuel Morse
298:William Page
291:
267:
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199:Samuel Morse
183:
182:
147:Juliet Handy
129:Photographer
43:Mathew Brady
36:
2179:1896 deaths
1765:January 25,
1722:, Virginia.
1656:GovInfo.gov
1635:November 1,
1393:January 25,
1004:Thomas Nast
968:Exhibitions
949:cold frames
945:greenhouses
920:Ordway–Rand
876: 1855
869:Brady stand
824:Albert Pike
808:Confederate
800:Lew Wallace
790:Emory Upton
680:John Gibbon
336:and writer
274:Lake George
263: 1845
123:Occupations
2168:Categories
1613:048623021X
1296:References
844:Lord Lyons
469:Petersburg
317:students.
258:of Brady,
256:Lithograph
247:Early life
93:1896-01-15
1716:U.S. Army
1422:August 4,
1098:Photo of
1078:Photo of
1062:Photo of
935:Ken Burns
864:cast iron
354:ambrotype
330:portraits
195:Civil War
168:Signature
1803:July 22,
1720:Richmond
1662:June 15,
1585:June 10,
1553:Archived
1460:July 23,
1267:See also
1246:Emperor
1050:website.
1042:General
611:and the
609:$ 5 bill
566:Congress
528:and the
500:darkroom
435:Manassas
400:typeface
322:Broadway
233:darkroom
2145:at the
2125:at the
2101:of the
2077:of the
2033:(1912)
1986:(1974).
1688:May 18,
1321:1169230
806:On the
282:Ireland
272:, near
162:
154:
150:
2054:online
2048:
2035:online
2009:
1998:
1779:Macy,
1740:
1610:
1533:
1482:. 1861
1345:
1319:
1130:, 1862
1086:, 1860
838:, and
587:Legacy
471:, and
302:Albany
288:Career
142:Spouse
103:, U.S.
80:, U.S.
55:Brady
1935:30-32
1781:et al
632:Union
404:fonts
156:(
152:
2046:ISBN
1996:ISBN
1805:2022
1767:2009
1738:ISBN
1690:2024
1664:2023
1637:2010
1608:ISBN
1587:2013
1531:ISBN
1488:2013
1462:2018
1424:2013
1395:2009
1343:ISBN
1317:OCLC
1162:and
947:and
402:and
324:and
87:Died
65:Born
59:1875
2136:at
2073:at
2007:LCC
595:to
433:in
375:at
344:in
115:in
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