1131:
1584:
1228:
longer invited to
Lupescu's poker evenings. On August 18, he resigned from the UDR, citing no explicit reason. The pretext was offered by his alleged conflict of interest: Auschnitt was claimed to have tampered with a signed UDR contract in order to obtain state compensation for TNC budgetary losses. Auschnitt is cited by Argetoianu as emotionally shaken by the interpretation of facts, openly denying that the document in question was ever modified. The diarist notes that Urdăreanu, who "has a nose for these things", had come to openly disrespect Auschnitt long before heading the investigation at Reșița. This issue is attested in other records, which, Scurtu notes, show Urdăreanu constantly engaged in undermining Auschnitt's reputation. Pandrea reports that Livia Auschnitt once insulted Urdăreanu, who enjoyed Lupescu's protection.
1257:
1927:
1181:; the antisemitic legislation, passed in 1937, was tightened and extended. This regime also formalized Carol's growing disdain for Auschnitt, which reportedly began when Livia refused Carol's sexual advances, or when Lupescu grew jealous that she would not. Pandrea alleges that "the Transylvanian tease Pordea" was publicly known as Carol's second mistress, and tolerated as such by Lupescu. He believes that the conflict between Malaxa and Auschnitt exploded when Malaxa's young daughter, seduced by Carol, came to usurp Livia's role at the court. Auschnitt himself was notoriously unfaithful to his wife, spending his money on sexual escapades in Vienna.
1327:
on the border. Argetoianu partly backs this rumor, by relaying a story allegedly told by
Iamandi, according to which Auschnitt agreed to cede his stock if promised immunity from prosecution. His proposal, Argetoianu notes, was simply denied. Though selected by Carol to serve as prime minister during the same interval, Argetoianu still viewed the affair as a settling of scores, and asked not to be involved on either side. With Auschnitt's taking into police custody on the evening of November 8, the censorship office was instructed to allow the publication of "any reportage that would detail the reasons behind arrest." As he was being relocated to
1783:, but reassured Schuyler that he was prepared to leave the country at a moment's notice. His offices on Câmpineanu Street was frequented by British spies Archibald Gibson and Ted Masterson, both of whom were also Freemasons; Auschnitt allegedly informed them on the state of Romania's economy. In a November 1945 interview with Mark Foster Ethridge, he spoke about the communists' zeal and incompetence as being responsible for the massive inflation. He also contended that industrial workers and peasants, wishing to be left alone, had turned virulently anti-communist. He claimed to have personally solved a labor dispute at
1127:, Auschnitt became a Senate candidate for the PNȚ. As noted by Argetoianu, the Iron Guard believed that Auschnitt was maneuvering to set up a new government team under Mihalache, which greatly enraged Codreanu and his followers; however, the allegation was dismissed by Edgar, according to whom Max was "not up to anything". Eventually, Auschnitt retook a Senate seat in Romania's 1937 legislature. During the conflicts of that year, the Iron Guard reportedly threw an explosive device at the Aleea Alexandru villa; after this incident, Auschnitt dispatched Steve to safety in England.
31:
2025:. According to Pandrea, Auschnitt had purchased Vișoianu's services, preventing him from returning to Romania, and was using "such political beggars" for personal gain. As seen by Pandrea, "Max I is the real king, having formed his own tiny court in New York." The connection was seen as scandalous by Rădescu's League of Free Romanians. Its sources indicated that there was reason to view Auschnitt as a liability, since he had been "recently implicated in a scandal with loose women." Edgar was also noted for picking up girls from
840:
827:, who were Auschnitt's rivals at the court. Several Guardists have independently confirmed that Auschnitt advanced sizable contributions to their cause over an unspecified period—though, as noted by historian Roland Clark, these merely showed that he wanted his business protected from harm. The conflict between Codreanu and Auschnitt was finally resumed in 1934, when the Guard's press referred to "Max Auschnitt the kike", "national bloodsucker", as the power behind the throne. This notion was also embraced by the
1974:, where he acquired American citizenship, though he continued to send money to Livia and his child by her. Malaxa also headed for America, but Auschnitt repeatedly sought to prevent him from settling there. As part of this conflict, he directed a press campaign which alleged that Malaxa was a communist asset. The press he sponsored overstated Malaxa's links with the Iron Guard, including unsubstantiated charges that Malaxa's home had been a mass-murder hub for the
1459:. Despite further outrage from such circles, Antonescu's courts commuted Auschnitt's sentence into forced labor at the TNC, meaning that he was effectively on parole. In October 1941, Auschnitt had offered to donate his share of the TNC to a state company. His proposal caused much embarrassment for Antonescu's ministers, since accepting under the circumstances would have looked like their blackmailing a prisoner. Antonescu himself intervened to chide Orghidan and
852:
812:, fearing for his life, messaged Auschnitt the warning: "If you don't find a way to save me, you'll be bumped off next." According to this account, Auschnitt and Lupescu, by then a royal mistress, hid Codreanu from the authorities, and also negotiated a truce; Waldeck also claims that Auschnitt and Malaxa agreed to finance the Iron Guard, thus ensuring its political survival into the post-Duca era. The allegation was also publicized by
723:, and would therefore oppose any reduction of their profit margin. During the subsequent electoral race, the same daily hosted allegations that he and Malaxa, who also ran in the elections with government support, were financially backed by the UDR; according to this source, Auschnitt had personally diverted 10 million lei from the salary fund, and was using it in the campaign. Balance sheets released in mid-1932, at the height of the
1914:, the communist party organ, depicted Popp and Auschnitt as "common criminals who, for years on end, have been robbing and demeaning thousands of working men and women, exploiting the blood out of them." Although Auschnitt was the richest among alleged conspirators, and therefore "afforded great attention by prosecutors", his name was not included on the spurious list of would-be coup leaders. He was also the only
1764:
831:(FR), a far-right dissidence of the PNȚ, whose newspapers claimed that "the kike Max Auschnit" had steadily raised the price of iron after 1930. As Damian argued: "He, the Jew from Galicia, determined whether of not the Romanian peasant deserved to own a plow . He dictated the price of nails, of corrugation, of iron, or heating stoves, of gutter pipes, of anything iron-related".
1468:, reported capital gains of 37.8 million lei obtained from the Auschnitt and CEPI transactions. Meanwhile, operating through the Cisatlantic and Cisoceanic consortia, Edgar was able to purchase an interest in the Romanian munitions manufacturer, IRMC. He finally moved to the United States in early 1942. Here, a forge equipment he had ordered in 1939 was confiscated by the
1512:, and may have contributed to the halting of all such transports. Auschnitt also partnered with Arthur Tester, whom he himself described as "naturally an anti-Semite, but a civilized one"; Tester organized transports of Romanian Jews to Palestine in exchange for Auschnitt's cash. Auschnitt donated for a "makeshift healthcare center" at the Jewish labor camp in
2000:, the two wings reached an agreement in May 1949, but again quarreled and split up in December 1950. During the subsequent row, Rădescu opened a civil lawsuit against members of Michael's retinue, alleging that, on Auschnitt's orders, they had dilapidated 3 million Swiss francs from the RNC's pool. In parallel, the RNC successfully called in the
2138:. Pordea took his accusers to court, and the claim was dropped once Pacepa refused to testify. Zamfirescu, who appeared as a witness, argues that the case was also harmed by a technicality: since journalist Agathe Lojard had called Pordea a spy, under French law she needed to prove that he had actually stolen military or economic secrets.
679:, thrived on government contracts. As noted by economic historian Horațiu Dan, these figures "prospered strictly from contracts involving the state." Similarly, historian Ioan Scurtu mentions the "huge profits" collected by Auschnitt and Malaxa from such ventures, and how these were shared with Carol and his courtiers, including
1447:, as Romania remained closely aligned with Germany. In April, Livia obtained that the seal be lifted on her Bucharest home, but the regime used this occasion to inspect the premises. Prosecutors reportedly found a trove of foreign currency, which they confiscated, preparing to have Max Auschnitt placed on trial for tax evasion.
1712:, whom he advised to recruit economic experts from outside the PCR. According to Auschnitt's own data, the Soviet state took over 30% of UDR shares as part of the reparations plan, their assistance actually preventing the factories from going bankrupt. He and Malaxa were considered for a partnership in the forestry
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D. Dumitrescu publicized a full record of illegal deals involving Malaxa (who had left the country on an extended leave), but Carol ordered
Marinescu not to follow up on this lead. On March 14, Auschnitt was sentenced to a six-year term in labor camps, and ordered to pay back 200 million lei (approximately 140,000
1806:, who served as Romanian ambassador to the US, and whom he mistakenly identified as an anti-communist, with a plan to sabotage Romania's maize production; when his offer was rejected, Auschnitt "tried to demoralize Ralea, telling him that he held information that Ralea was viewed with suspicion by the Soviets."
877:, whom he was set to marry in September 1933. The wedding was called off, allegedly because Lenore favored another lover. Auschnitt remained noted for his escapades with film stars and high-society ladies, before finally marrying Livia Pordea (also rendered as Prodea or Pordeanu), from a political family of
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men prosecuted for their alleged misdeeds. As noted by researcher George Enache, the affair showed the power that of
Romanian secret services had in influencing legal procedures, especially so since Malaxa, whose name had been cited in similar allegations, was never convicted. In February 1940, an I.
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A "public enemy number 1", Auschnitt was also expected to relinquish his UDR shares. According to one account, he agreed to sell only if he was guaranteed immunity from prosecution and allowed to settle in France, where Livia had already relocated. A deal was reached, but
Auschnitt was still arrested
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by "sacrificing his own kikes". The interpretation is partly backed by sociologist Mictat Gârlan, according to whom "Max
Auschnitt, a man close to the Royal House", was arrested "only because he was Jewish." The disgraced courtier kept in his desk a document showing that Carol was fully responsible
1869:; one of the readers approached him to ask: "Aușnit is a Jew, and so are you. Does this mean that you Jews also fight with each other?"; Schwartz responded in writing, arguing that Auschnitt sided with the "capitalist Jews", engaged in class struggle with the proletarians—Romanians and Jews alike.
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took over as prime minister, noting with alarm that
Auschnitt had resumed his conflict with Malaxa, to the point of paralyzing Romania's transport industry. That same month, when he founded a Swiss Balkan Finance and Trading Company, Auschnitt was registered as residing on Câmpineanu Street, 2. He
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would commence "the purge" of
Romanian industry. On November 14, the authorities raided TNC offices, arresting general manager Constantin Naghi and four other directors who, they claimed, were "controlled by Aușnit". They also detained an unnamed witness, whose testimony allowed them to recover 10
1366:, allegedly pursuing an affair with Kurt von Haugwitz-Reventlow. Argetoianu assesses that Auschnitt's imprisonment had by then brought a great surge in the king's popularity, since the public, especially the "nationalist and antisemitic circles", could now believe that the tide was turning on his
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precisely because he could then escape, together with his "many children". Sources differ as to where his brother-in-law was living at the time. A report by the Soviet spy S. Pivovarov, issued in June 1947, claims that
Auschnitt "has been in the US for over a year", and that, with Malaxa, he was
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in 1943–1944, Max
Auschnitt had spent some time there, and had been allowed to refurbish a bathroom, which became the communal laundry room. Antonescu was lenient toward Auschnitt, dispatching him to a sanitarium, but also continued to enforce and enhance antisemitic laws. Such policies remained
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In July, Carol shelved the plan for an Anglo–Franco–Romanian joint venture, reportedly objecting that its two would-be managers, Auschnitt and Oskar Kaufmann, were Jewish. Later that month, Orghidan, who was seen as "Auschnit's man", was voted off the UDR board. Soon after this, Auschnitt was no
1947:
that he and his colleagues had been liberated from being "exploited by Auschnitt and other bandits". Auschnitt's entire estate had by then been confiscated, and the villa on Aleea Alexandru was assigned to Groza, who lived there for the rest of his life; it later housed the Argentinian Embassy.
1224:, who had once served as Auschnitt's employee, attempted to engineer a government reshuffle and steer Romania back into the anti-German camp. Auschnitt was often credited as the mastermind behind Tilea's action, though Tilea himself later revealed that he was urged on by people close to Malaxa.
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and conspiracy against the constitutional order, at Bucharest's Military Tribunal. A mandate was issued for his arrest, but he could not be located. Auschnitt's defection happened just before he could be implicated in a show trial against engineer Popp, himself accused of having masterminded a
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Auschnitt's first marriage was to a Jewish woman, Nelly, who in March 1924 gave birth to a son, later known as Steve Aușnit. Her father, the banker Arnold Aronovici, cemented Auschnitt's links with British capital, and allegedly plotted with him to bring in a small British firm, Stewart &
1965:
After his departure, Max Auschnitt was mentioned in the 1954 show trial of Pătrășcanu, whom the communist leadership now identified as an enemy of the regime; his "trusted man" inside the Communist Party, Samuel Margulies, was brought in as a celebrity witness for the prosecution. The exiled
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Auschnitt was secretly backing Rădescu's coalition against the rising PCR, who wanted Groza as prime minister. In early 1945, the two rival camps clashed in the streets of Bucharest, leading to a communist takeover. As reported by Pandrea, Auschnitt unsuccessfully supported an anti-communist
1488:. This stipend of 6,000 British pounds was Gafencu's main source of revenue in 1943. During August 1942, Antonescu was informed that the UDR management was running a 16-bed clinic for its 11,000 employees, and gave orders to remedy this situation. In recounting the episode, Gelu Vifor of
1450:
In December 1941, Antonescu noted of Auschnitt: "once a kike, always a kike". He openly acknowledged that Auschnitt was in fact innocent of any crime, and favored allowing him to leave Romania if he would transfer all his property to the state; this attempt was foiled by protests from
2165:
for his investments in that city's industry, which include a freight terminal. In mid-2001, controversy erupted in Reșița after the Auschnitt and Malaxa families filed notices with the city hall, demanding the return of confiscated assets. Together with his brother Robert, Steve sued
1716:(Soviet–Romanian joint venture), until Groza vetoed the proposal. Auschnitt, who expressed his disdain for SovRoms and for Malaxa's willingness to participate in them, had recovered some of his UDR stock. He was still prevented from reusing his villa, which was requisitioned by the
1547:, who became close friends with the industrialist. Upon release, the latter began financing the underground movement, which now intended to topple Antonescu. His donations, formally presented as humanitarian contributions for jailed militants, reached Pătrășcanu through PCR proxies
896:. Respecting the wishes of his in-laws, Auschnitt abandoned Judaism and converted to Catholicism. Reputedly, the issue of his conversion only served to enrage his Guardist adversaries. It also caused a polemic in religious circles, sparked by the observation that the Pordeas were
1683:, which included minute details on communist networks active in Romania. Signaling his anticipation of a communist takeover, Auschnitt "mapped out a plan of action", including the creation of a pro-capitalist "information service within the workers' world". In September, the
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was working on the case, insisting that Nazi spies were to prevent Auschnitt from leaving Romania. During the early months of 1944, Auschnitt was reportedly allowed access into the Ministry of National Economy, alongside Orghidan. He was allegedly spotted there by jurist
1942:
proclaimed that the trial had exposed Romanian capitalists for colluding against the Soviet Union and "our democratic regime's economy". This, Luca inferred, made Romanian–Soviet economic cooperation all the more imperative. In July 1952, a UDR trade unionist wrote in
1463:
for stalling. In January 1942, Auschnitt sorted the issue by appointing Orghidan as caretaker of his estate, which allowed for TNC stock to be issued and bought by the state using Auschnitt's money. In May 1943, the UDR, managed at the time by Göring and physicist
1479:
Eventually, Antonescu's review of previous court verdicts reached Auschnitt's case. Unusually for a Jew in that context, he was cleared of the charges and released on July 3, 1942. Around that time, Auschnitt managed to transfer money from his accounts with the
2286:
329:. Such behavior drew negative attention to his businesses, particularly since Auschnitt used his political connections to secure Romanian state contracts, on which his fortune largely rested. His alleged corruption, along with his ethnicity and his publicized
1027:. Auschnitt had remained discreetly involved in political life, a sponsor of the least radical nationalist platforms, leading to paradoxes. One such "incongruity" is noted by Pandrea, according to whom the PNȚ used Auschnitt's "recent subsidies" to publish
1166:. In February 1938, Auschnitt announced that he was giving up on politics and moving abroad, sparking alarm that he was going to create chaos by also giving up on his managerial duties. As he explained at the time, he only pondered exile because of Goga's
1318:, which made him a target for retribution. Argetoianu adds speculation that Carol was resentful because his stocks in the Lujani sugar refineries, obtained from Auschnitt, had been subject to litigation; or that the king intended to please
477:, who described the Auschnitts' naturalization as based on "dubious certificates". Known in early records as "Osias Ausschnitt", Max's father had a background in the iron trade. He registered his own import–export firm in the port city of
1679:. Immediately following these events, Auschnitt sent letters home demanding that Antonescu aide Valentin Georgescu face punishment for his wartime activities. He also asked to purchase the archives captured from Antonescu's spy chief,
2115:
of his own make. As argued by Zamfirescu, this precariousness led to his recruitment by Securitate agents, who used him to influence public opinion in favor of Communist Romania. In 1984, he became the first Romanian to serve in the
498:, who was to become his political associate. This is contradicted by other records, which note that Olias had been moved back into Austria-Hungary "shortly after Max's birth", meaning that the latter spent all his childhood years in
510:. Upon regaining Romania, he formed a commercial firm dealing in Austrian sheet-iron imports, and then set up the Kingdom's first wire manufacturing plant. Rumors surfaced that such ventures were being propped up financially by the
1362:, stripped Edgar Auschnitt of his citizenship; Max lost his four days later. Edgar had by then escaped to London, which allowed government to confiscate and redistribute his assets in Romania. Livia, meanwhile, was spotted on the
542:(UDR). According to his own account, he was asked to become full manager of that company in 1929, after stocks had plummeted. He established an empire that included the UDR, as well as smaller factories or mines in such places as
1705:
1231:
Commenting on Max Auschnitt's character in his own diary, Carol surmises: "A Yid is still a Yid, no matter how nice he might be as a man." Urdăreanu allegedly concluded that Auschnitt had also "clogged" the UDR with Jews and
1310:, specifically designed to harm Auschnitt; the latter was being interrogated by prosecutors regarding his UDR contracts. Business rivals where then allowed to engineer a trial against Auschnitt, who was accused of fraud and
1130:
2213:
529:
Economist Nicolae Păvălucă suggests that Max Auschnitt built his personal wealth around the Galați nails factory that was sold to him by Niță Caltofeanu "not long after the first world war". He moved his offices to the
1818:
attempting to channel American funding for Romania's industrial effort. Other accounts suggest that Auschnitt remained in Romania for several years, although being singled out by Groza's government as a sponsor of the
1406:, offering to split his UDR shares between CEPI and Malaxa's companies. This message failed to impress. His UDR stock was confiscated without him being involved. Auschnitt's shares were reportedly split between the
1813:, the Pordeas were actually protected by Groza, who allowed both Gustave and Livia safe passage when their father promised to donate all his assets to the Romanian state. Gustave was sent to an "obscure post" in
1735:, who reassured them that he was only allied with Groza and the PCR until a change of setting would allow him to break away. Resuming his lifestyle, Auschnitt organized a lavish party for New Year's Eve, serving
734:
alleges that Auschnitt had corrupted his old friend Madgearu, who was by then the PNȚ ideologue, ensuring that Madgearu never acted in the interest of Romanian peasants. According to files kept by agents of the
3408:
I. K. Petea, "Controlul importurilor sub regimul negociabilității devizelor. Ordine de preferință pentru materii prime și semi-fabricate.—In ce condițiuni se va putea ocroti producția industrială indigenă", in
781:
in an attempt to promote Christian anti-fascism. It remains more credibly attested that Auschnitt was by then a sponsor of anti-fascist campaigns in various other newspapers and journals. However, the outlawed
1078:. Prat claimed that Auschnitt sponsored his diplomatic mission, though, as noted by scholar Judith Keene, this too was an attempt by the businessman to appease the Romanian fascists. In August 1937, the FR's
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the steed Firdussi, which he then presented as a gift for Carol. According to reports by Carol's lawyer George de Berea, Auschnitt and Malaxa met in Lupescu's house for poker matches, using gold coins as
1798:. Also to these sources, the effort was coordinated by American envoys. Alexandru Grigoriu, himself an industrialist and a Mason, noted that Auschnitt personally handled grants for Titel Petrescu and
1346:. He cited his "moral debt" to Auschnitt in an attempt to recuse himself, but Carol insisted that he pursue the investigation, noting that Auschnitt was symptomatic for a "corrupt system", and that a
1889:. Contrarily, historian Lucian Nastasă believes that the prosecutors were correct in describing Auschnitt as a Petrașcu supporter, and also in identifying Auschnitt as the UDR sponsor behind a large
1355:
that Auschnitt had deposited with his former father-in-law, Aronovici. Prosecutors also looked into another issue of conflicting interests, noting that Auschnitt had used CEPI to buy off UDR assets.
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1003:
plead for financial assistance, before presenting them with a literal wall of cash, and asking them to pick out a layer of money. His social advancement also raised the profile of Livia's brother,
2052:. According to Căplescu, it remained a "modest enterprise", never matching the success of his earlier ventures in iron and steel. Auschnitt spent the remainder of his life at a luxurious home on
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1918:
defendant at that trial, and was sentenced to life imprisonment "for the crime of high treason" on November 2, 1948 (though believed by some authors to have received a second death sentence).
1527:, to which he transmitted some of Antonescu's earliest offers to the Allies. Antonescu reportedly offered to restore liberal democracy (as well as "social justice"), and also to bring about a
869:; this scheme also involved some in the PNȚ, in particular Madgearu. Nelly died "after brief suffering" on February 16, 1927, aged 26. Max was then engaged to Leonora Brooke, daughter of the
465:
ancestry. A hostile piece by journalist Romulus Damian claims that the Auschnitts, including Max's father Olias, his mother Clara, and his elder brother Edgar, had illegally crossed into the
1123:
was moving away from a position in which it too had accepted Auschnitt's bribes (according to Arghezi, the industrialist only sought out Stancu after this relationship broke down). Ahead of
1755:
journalists commented that the event was in poor taste, at a time when Romania's children were starving; they appealed to Auschnitt's Christianity, asking him to donate more to charities.
1658:, as potential Nazi spies. This referred to their links with Tester, which, Auschnitt convincingly explained, had reaped humanitarian benefits for Romanian Jews. Auschnitt was released at
380:
replacing him as dictator. Despite being antisemitic, this new regime bargained over TNC shares, and finally cleared Auschnitt of all charges in 1942. Once freed, he turned to sponsoring
1150:
Auschnitt confessed being taken by surprise when Carol appointed Goga as Premier, as the king never mentioned his plans to his poker partners. Early in 1937, he and Blank, together with
5760:
4326:
1978:. According to journalist Romulus Căplescu, this allegation was not proffered by Auschnitt ("a decent, common-sense person"), but was rather the product of spontaneous sensationalism.
1216:, as proposed to Carol by the Polish government. From March 1939, Carol directed Romania's political and economic rapprochement with Germany. This move alienated Auschnitt, who feared
2170:
for ownership of his father's TNC, which resulted in some compensation for property lost during the nationalization. He also received back the family villa, but sold it to politician
566:. Auschnitt went on to serve as President of the Banat's General Association of Industry and Vice General of the Union of Industrialists of Romania. Dubbed "iron king" and "Romania's
1882:
632:. A "brainchild of the Aușnit brothers", CEPI also provided security for Vickers' return on investments, which, in Monaco, were "free of currency restrictions and political danger".
421:
1822:. As such, he was briefly detained in 1947. Schuyler finally warned him that his life was in danger, prompting Auschnitt to relocate in France at some point before August 15, 1947.
1829:
suggest that Auschnitt, like Malaxa, successfully persuaded communist ministers to let him leave for the United States as a negotiator of trade deals. The allegation was stated by
1881:
terrorist plot. As noted by memoirist Aurel Savin, the "judicial fabrication" was visible from the list of defendants, which included Auschnitt, a Jew, alongside the Iron Guard's
1849:
was particularly at fault for the gaffe. In August 1948, Auschnitt was included on a list of exiles who were stripped of their Romanian citizenship—alongside Lupescu, Mociornița,
1497:
1285:
renewed their commitment to defending Poland from Nazi encroachment. Historian R. P. T. Davenport-Hines suggests that Auschnitt may have been responsible for strengthening the
3270:
Emanuel Constantin Antoche, Matei Cazacu, "John Eppler, spionul Abwehr-ului, petrolul românesc și planurile de anexare a Basarabiei de către sovietici în anii 1939–1940", in
1331:
that same day, Argetoianu read his grounds for indictment and concluded that his friend was not in fact innocent, though the trial he faced was likely to be unfair. Writer
757:
from Iron Guard cooperatives, as a means to disguise his purchase of influence. However, protection remained uncertain: according to one report, an associate of the Guard,
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on June 15, 1944, also transported businessmen Alexandru Racotă and Radu Hurmuzescu. In British records, their group was code-named "Yardam", and Auschnitt was "Cocoon".
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1959:
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Richard Peter Treadwell Davenport-Hines, "Vickers' Balkan Conscience: Aspects of Anglo–Romanian Armaments, 1918–39", in Richard Peter Treadwell Davenport-Hines (ed.),
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at the Credit Bank, from which they drew a profit of 6 million lei between them. Their momentary success was offset by Edgar Auschnitt, who lost 3 million lei playing
5329:
1335:, who covered the trial as a young reporter, contrarily noted that Auschnitt was not guilty, and that his "concise", "hard-hitting" self-defense was proof in itself.
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1566:
823:
According to historian Grigore Traian Pop, the claim that Auschnitt was Codreanu's sponsor is fundamentally inaccurate, and planted in the public arena by Blank and
3149:
Teodor Necșa, "Concesiunile înrobitoare acordate de statul burghezo-moșieresc romîn în perioada 1929–1933 capitalului străin, în vederea construirii de șosele", in
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1873:
924:, and partly redecorated by Auschnitt himself, it was situated very near to Malaxa's residence. The Billionaires' Club, which reunited Auschnitt with Malaxa and
676:
609:
controlled 60% of UDR shares, while Vickers had an additional 13%. From 1934, the UDR agreed to co-sponsor all state orders for Vickers canons and ammunition.
1379:
5750:
4464:
1460:
1075:
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4416:"Apostolii lui Stalin: Petru Groza, ultimul burghez. De la tentativa eșuată de suicid la idila cu Elena Lupescu și 'divorțul decent și elegant de monarhie'"
1236:, and insisted that this was additional proof of malfeasance. Argetoianu additionally reports that both Auschnitt and Kaufmann had by then been involved in
487:, and which Max would later treble. The family home in Galați was situated across from that of Panait Malaxa, uncle of Auschnitt's lifelong business rival,
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5700:
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in capital. This enterprise alone had 17,000 salaried workers, covering 80% of Romania's steel production, and 50% of locomotives, while acquiring most of
3437:
Marin Pop, "Întrunirile politice național-țărăniste de la Sovata în perioada 1933–1938. Iuliu Maniu versus Alexandru Vaida-Voevod și camarila regală", in
1996:(RNC) as an outlet for the PNȚ, while Malaxa backed the more right-wing Rădescu as leader of the movement. After negotiations overseen by the exiled king
1950:
727:, showed the UDR having "a net profit of 47 million, in addition to a share capital of 750 million, despite huge unemployment and permanent downsizing."
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616:. He was also among the managers of various foreign companies in Central Europe, as well as of Romanian-based companies, including Chrissoveloni and the
5236:
3117:
2056:. He died there after a prolonged illness, on January 18, 1957 (though several sources cite 1959). His death was closely followed by that of his friend
1691:, and allowed to assist in reconstruction. His 1940 trial was again up for review in November, when another court confirmed his innocence. In December,
1861:, before most of it was transformed into a SovRomMetal in August 1949. In September 1948, Titan was taken over by communist workers, and renamed after
1439:
249:(February 14, 1888 – January 18, 1957), was a Romanian businessman and political figure, one of his country's most prominent industrialists during the
1988:. Auschnitt's allegations were partly successful, in that Malaxa never applied for naturalization. Both rivals became engaged with the anti-communist
5725:
1905:
921:
882:
342:
188:
5665:
5850:
5478:
5410:
3066:
Grigore Traian Pop, "'Democrația e pusă în slujba marii finanțe naționale sau internaționale jidovești'. Bancherii în bătaia puștii legionare", in
1901:
1897:
1799:
1000:
683:. According to Scurtu, Carol was first persuaded to form this ring in June 1931, when Malaxa and Auschnitt presented him with a large bag of cash.
381:
193:
3135:
2765:
1583:
5640:
5383:
1975:
1872:
A full confiscation of all property owned by Auschnitt and Malaxa, and a confirmation of their loss of citizenship, was rendered official by the
1709:
1444:
1272:
758:
675:(PNȚ), were reportedly serving on the TNC's executive board. Such connections became the source of controversy, since Auschnitt, like Malaxa and
5705:
2975:
Gelu Ureche, Valeriu Buduru, "Organizații extremiste de dreapta în anticamera Gărzii de fier. Mercenarii diversiunii își numără rîndurile", in
1732:
888:
The wedding came in January 1935, at the same time as Auschnitt's conflict with the Iron Guard, and therefore had to take place in secrecy, at
5061:
352:
Auschnitt found himself at odds with Carol after a string of matrimonial, economic, and geopolitical disputes. Marginalized by the passage of
5635:
4932:
4113:
3533:
1850:
1039:
on Romanian exports as a means of preventing "weak-currency countries" from competing with local factories. In August 1936, he published in
1028:
5690:
1958:, including its furniture. The brothers' Galați home was also taken over by the state, and from 1968 was used as a museum, showcasing the
839:
1819:
1047:", demanding protectionist measures in agriculture and mining. He was reportedly rejected by the PNȚ rank-and-file. In September 1934, a
699:, at some point in 1928. Although he ran and won as an independent, he received official backing from the PNȚ administration in both the
507:
417:
214:
979:. He intended to purchase, and thus rescue, the Teitler house in Galați, which popular opinion claimed as the house of a national hero,
5695:
5630:
1539:, who described him as a "distinguished man when it came to his relations with others". The camp also held some leading members of the
1281:
openly celebrated the Auschnitts' downfall. Auschnitt's opposition to Nazi policies entered a new stage in March 1939, just before the
416:
again withdrew Auschnitt's citizenship, before pronouncing him guilty of treason. This charge referred to Auschnitt's involvement with
2197:
Cerasela Moldoveanu, "În căutarea lui Schwartz... Contribuția evreilor la Războiul de Întregire Națională a României (1916–1919)", in
935:
Argetoianu reports that, in 1937, Auschnitt also attempted to buy a portion of Romania's sugar industry from Creditanstalt, which had
5670:
5835:
5730:
5680:
5675:
5370:
1662:, but his "lavishness with money" remained a point of contention for the remainder of his stay. On July 5, a military court of the
1615:. Aviator Matei Ghika-Cantacuzino, who was Auschnitt's personal friend, agreed to fly him into Allied territory. They used Ghika's
1666:
issued warrants for all fugitives. Auschnitt was charged with defection to the enemy and instigating desertion. He was then tried
1492:
newspaper commented: "Max Aușnit and the racketeering politicians financed by that dastardly kike should take note of this truth:
5845:
5610:
5349:
Mictat Gârlan, "Experiența României în dreptul minorităților până la alegerea lui Klaus Iohannis ca președinte al românilor", in
4125:
3344:
2724:
2287:"Fiul marelui industriaș Max Aușnit a primit cheia orașului în care a construit cea mai modernă parcare de camioane din România"
5840:
1456:
1343:
2096:("Max and His World"), where he is caricatured as the eponymous Max Gros. In 1985, the Romanian communist authorities allowed
5655:
5645:
5486:
5456:
5432:
5418:
5319:
5217:
4504:
4282:
4133:
3742:
3643:
3504:
3366:
3092:
1926:
1035:
Romania's heavy industry. At a meeting of the General Union of Industrialists in November 1935, Auschnitt himself argued for
5735:
2178:. Steve continued to work in the plastics industry, filing his last patent in 2017, two years before his death in New York.
577:(TNC) chain, which is claimed to have employed over 4,900 workers. Through this group, formed in 1924, Max was connected to
5860:
5565:
2990:
Constanța Știrbu, N. Trohani, G. Trohani, "Inginerul Constantin C. Orghidan (1874–1944). Studiu genealogic și istoric", in
1809:
Working as a diplomat, Gustave Pordea sensed the changing of fortunes, and opted to defect in 1947. According to historian
1701:
1531:, in exchange for guarantees that Romania would maintain its 1939 borders. Around that time, Auschnitt was interned at the
1434:. The Guard opened up Lupescu's residence, reportedly showing that she still kept Livia Auschnitt's portrait. According to
668:
612:
Auschnitt claimed that Edgar alone ran TNC from 1929, but his connections to that company surfaced in later talk about his
4226:
1090:; he also hinted that such messaging was vetted by the PNȚ, which was courting the far-right. During that same interval,
749:, ethnicity and a high profile in financial life made Auschnitt a topic of antisemitic libel, including blackmail by the
5685:
5605:
5600:
1993:
1612:
1469:
820:. He noted that Guardists took Auschnitt's money while still reining violence on lower-class Jews, who were powerless.
535:
429:
3467:
Antonio César Moreno Cantano, "Guerra de propagandas en Rumanía durante la contienda bélica española (1936–1939)", in
5815:
5810:
5740:
5650:
5519:
5378:
5337:
5298:
5273:
5252:
5231:
4858:
4174:
2801:
2732:
1794:, as members of the Big Finance Club, had agreed to sponsor opposition groups, including the PNȚ, in preparation for
1704:. On March 9, 1945, as Groza formed a communized cabinet, Auschnitt catered champagne for a pro-communist group, the
1655:
1275:
places blame for Auschnitt's ouster on the "antisemitic campaign in Rumania, financed by the Nazis." In Germany, the
5615:
5595:
1599:
Also in early 1944, Auschnitt was reportedly dragged into the power struggles within the Communist Party—assisting
1271:
as evidence that a "British pawn" had lost to a "pawn or half-pawn of the German financiers". Similarly, economist
1245:
940:
2532:
2080:, as the cuckolded and blackmailed "Leizer Gherson". Auschnitt's death was closely followed by the publication of
473:, and then bribed the authorities into obtaining citizenship. This claim was repeated in 1939 by Justice Minister
2145:, and was consequently re-baptized ITW Zippak. Steve Aușnit, who provided a scholarship for Romanian students at
1575:
described Auschnitt as: "an apostate Jew, close friend of the Nazi Puppet Premier of Romania General Antonescu".
1220:. His memorandum on the matter reached Carol and Madgearu, but had no success. The same month, Romanian diplomat
424:'s Iron Guard cells. Stripped of his Romanian properties, Auschnitt relaunched himself as an entrepreneur in the
2124:. During his tenure, accounts emerge that he was a covert agent, and that he had used Securitate funds to bribe
2111:
Gustave Pordea was left destitute by his brother-in-law's departure, and for a while only made a living selling
1970:, but grew estranged from his wife, and decided to settle as a bachelor in the US. He joined Edgar and Steve in
1378:" were baffled by Carol's clampdown, and exaggerated its meaning. He illustrates this with a quote from General
1256:
2694:
Andrei Popescu, "The Romanian Telephone Company under the Administration of Grigore Filipescu (1930–1938)", in
1795:
1286:
1124:
897:
786:
cited Auschnitt exclusively as a "warmonger"—a charge which appears for instance in a February 1934 article by
746:
704:
700:
454:
254:
5765:
2939:
Argetoianu III, p. 210 & VII, p. 312; Cioroianu, p. 107; Enache, p. 193; Pandrea (2011), pp. 177, 191, 227
1708:, later becoming Vice President of its Economic Section. He claimed to have been approached by Soviet General
1675:
During the coup, Auschnitt's car was reportedly borrowed by Pătrășcanu, who used it to transport Groza out of
1370:. He comments on demonstrative gestures by the authorities, which included forcing Auschnitt into the regular
715:
on sugar. At the time, Auschnitt himself admitted that his Creditanstalt was trying to collect the 50-million
481:
on June 14, 1884. Olias steadily amassed a large fortune, which in 1908 included one of Romania's two largest
5755:
1838:
1790:
Under interrogation by communist authorities, several Freemasons reported that Auschnitt and Reșița engineer
1696:
and Malaxa both entered a new Masonic Lodge, called Lanțul de Unire, where, in 1945, they initiated Hulubei.
1684:
1544:
1289:
in that he circulated an alarmist claim, namely that Germany had issued an ultimatum for Romania to join the
1217:
1086:
favoring Romanians as a positive. Vaida hypothesized that Auschnitt's baptism had changed his perspective on
393:
1407:
657:
5820:
3734:
2871:"Ultima oră. Uzinele U. D. R. fură muncitorilor cinci milioane lei. Cântecul candidaturii lui Ziarilă", in
1845:; she implied that Auschnitt had won them over with his patriotic rhetoric. Pauker's faction believed that
1834:
1784:
1780:
1524:
1193:
1189:
594:
257:
immigrants, he spent much of his youth abroad, returning in the 1910s to set up business as an importer of
5367:
Fighting for Franco: International Volunteers in Nationalist Spain during the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939
2450:"Max Auschnitt, Zaharov 1938. L'homme le plus riche de Roumanie s'exile volontairement en Angleterre", in
1569:, who exclaimed: "There is that con artist Aușnit, walking about like it's nobody's business." A piece in
1532:
1066:
were dismissed by the party press as "intended to stoke the people's animosity". With the outbreak of the
5830:
5590:
5561:
2150:
2001:
1862:
1167:
1020:
724:
672:
353:
301:
167:
5855:
5660:
5166:
Victor Nafiru, "Asta ne mai lipsea! Urmașii lui Aușnit și Malaxa revendică domeniile fostului UDR", in
4810:"The Kremlin's Satellite States in Eastern Europe, Yugoslavia, Marxist Theory, and Our Own Perspective"
4275:
Locuințe pentru muncitori și funcționari. Casa Construcțiilor și parcelarea Vatra Luminoasă (1930—1949)
3942:
1858:
1768:
1744:
1178:
1032:
526:; Edgar had been bypassed for the 1915 draft, after presenting himself as an Austro-Hungarian subject.
357:
300:
as an independent corporate member, Auschnitt turned to partisan politics as a financial backer of the
2048:(originally a Danish invention) by founding Minigrip, Inc., which, from 1951, was under contract with
1607:. He eventually caught news that Nazi envoys wanted him included in what was to be the final stage of
1101:
From September 1937, Auschnitt's activities became a main topic of scrutiny for the pro-fascist daily
5865:
5388:
1728:
1083:
798:
1723:
In tandem, Auschnitt served as Vice President of a rival club, called "Friends of America". General
967:
Auschnitt's extreme wealth made him into a patron of the arts. Though a Catholic, he donated to the
4118:
The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of Jews and Gypsies under the Antonescu Regime, 1940–1944
1588:
1540:
1509:
1427:
1095:
968:
908:, though other sources contrarily allege that he was their godson. Auschnitt bought his family the
783:
730:
In that context, Auschnitt was also becoming noted as the PNȚ's financial backer. Lawyer-memoirist
470:
406:
5356:
Liviu D. Grigorescu, Marian Ștefan, "Un diplomat român în America despre românii din America", in
4185:
Mihail E. Ionescu, "Operațiunea 'Bodyguard'. Noi informații într-o problemă încă neelucidată", in
1328:
1277:
494:
According to one account, Max grew up in Galați, his native city, and attended the same school as
333:, made him a target for verbal and physical attacks by the far-right movements, in particular the
5775:
5625:
5532:
5507:
5451:. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Institutului pentru Studierea Problemelor Minorităților Naționale, 2011.
4849:
Lucian Nastasă, "Studiu introductiv", in Andreea Andreescu, Lucian Nastasă, Andrea Varga (eds.),
2121:
2017:
1876:
on October 5, 1948. On October 12, Auschnitt was formally indicted for various crimes, including
1802:, who had by then formed an Independent Social Democratic Party. Auschnitt reportedly approached
1724:
1359:
809:
794:
695:. He could only qualify for this office after being first inducted into the Chamber's offices at
5342:
George Enache, "Sandu Tudor (părintele Daniil). Ideologiile extremiste și poliția politică", in
573:
Together with his brother Edgar, Max owned several steel and munitions businesses including the
5770:
5066:
3731:
Inventing the Jew. Antisemitic Stereotypes in Romanian and Other Central East-European Cultures
2101:
1896:
This clampdown was closely followed by a purge of Social Democrats from the UDR's trade union.
1842:
1631:
1592:
1481:
1452:
1282:
1201:
1079:
996:
901:
817:
787:
769:
records also include allegations that Auschnitt, Malaxa and Dobrescu were behind the magazines
648:
519:
389:
346:
161:
2022:
1647:
1557:
433:
5620:
5184:
3538:
3515:"De la un capăt la altul al țării, toți românii strigă: 'Jos simbriașii lui Auschnitt!'", in
1260:
1233:
925:
640:
635:
Journalists circulated rumors according to which Auschnitt had enjoyed a close connection to
613:
428:, and obtained American citizenship. His final political activities were as a sponsor of the
319:
3342:
C. Zilișteanu, "'Casa lui Cuza Vodă' din Galați nu are absolut nici o valoare istorică", in
1062:
In late 1936, rumors that Auschnitt had attended a hunting party with PNȚ leaders Maniu and
976:
947:. For a while, the new couple was especially close to Lupescu, for whom Auschnitt and other
643:. According to such reports, it was he who arranged for Carol to meet and fall in love with
5585:
5580:
5265:
3482:
2906:
2745:
2242:
2049:
1997:
1982:
1663:
1638:, agreeing to Antonescu's overthrow, as well as a letter from Pătrășcanu. Protected by the
1608:
1414:"terrorized the Rumanian government" into issuing more shares that his firm then acquired.
1212:. Dučić alleges that the two men played a crucial part in preventing Romania from annexing
1139:
874:
621:
570:", he was overall "the greatest power in Rumania's armament, mining and metal industries."
338:
5324:
Florica Dobre, Florian Banu, Camelia Ivan Duică, Theodor Bărbulescu, Liviu Țăranu (eds.),
3612:
1339:
1146:
is showing Carol assembly-line products; Auschnitt is present at the far-left of the image
988:
661:, a political-cultural journal. All three financiers were also visible members of Carol's
574:
274:
8:
5278:
Filip Constantin, "O poveste româno–americană din anii '50. Nixon, mituit de Malaxa", in
4709:
Tatiana A. Pokivailova, "1947. Sovieticii analizează influența americană în România", in
4442:
Cristian Troncotă, "Eugen Cristescu despre Eugen Cristescu (V). Sindromul arhivelor", in
4260:
4074:
L. M. Lamm, "Windows on Washington. Roumanian-Owned Forge Equipment Seized by U. S.", in
2167:
2142:
2117:
2005:
1846:
1748:
1571:
1423:
1314:. Various observers believed that he was no longer willing to share his profits with the
1298:
1159:
1135:
980:
636:
322:
5197:Însemnări zilnice. Volumul VII: 1 iulie—22 noiembrie 1939. Addenda: 17–23 decembrie 1936
3361:, p. 268. Bucharest: Editura Ministerului Internelor și Reformei Administrative, 2007.
1155:
691:
From 1929 to 1933, Auschnitt represented Galați Chamber of Commerce and Industry in the
680:
5493:
Mircea Rusnac, "'Dictatura proletariatului' și muncitorimea reșițeană (1945–1954)", in
5311:
5290:
4087:
Marian Zidaru, "SOE în România în al doilea război mondial. Cazul Grigore Gafencu", in
2218:
2146:
2045:
1776:
1611:. One report additionally suggests that he was briefly held at a concentration camp in
1600:
1473:
1306:
1294:
944:
716:
589:. Auschnitt was especially successful as owner of the UDR, which had amassed 1 billion
578:
278:
123:
30:
4890:
Mihai Demetriade, Silviu B. Moldovan, "Ion Mitucă, de la rezistență la dizidență", in
3726:
3140:, The Olga Lengyel Institute for Holocaust Studies and Human Rights, November 18, 2019
1854:
1692:
1555:. Auschnitt's relative freedom still irked Nazi observers. In May 1943, the genocidal
711:
newspaper reported that Auschnitt had intervened to bloc senators from approving of a
647:, while also sponsoring him during his 1920s exile. Auschnitt belonged to a branch of
598:
502:, only returning to Galați in 1910. It is known that he studied abroad, in Vienna and
437:
5515:
5482:
5452:
5428:
5414:
5374:
5333:
5315:
5294:
5269:
5248:
5227:
5213:
4941:
4854:
4827:
4500:
4482:
4398:
4278:
4170:
4162:
4129:
4058:
3738:
3639:
3500:
3362:
3088:
2797:
2766:"Economia românească interbelică și rolul sistemului bancar în dezvoltarea economică"
2728:
2342:
2313:
2158:
2130:
2125:
2108:, in which he stated his belief that Auschnitt was a victim of Carol's machinations.
2041:
1989:
1955:
1826:
1688:
1668:
1604:
1528:
1496:
has sure changed in this country" (Vifor's emphasis). That same month, Auschnitt and
1151:
1067:
692:
539:
425:
413:
402:
397:
297:
266:
61:
43:
4222:
667:—although Auschnitt's inclusion was comparatively late. By January 1936, six former
5257:
5149:
2135:
1886:
1651:
1311:
1213:
1205:
1185:
1098:, and "posing as nationalist reformers, presumably with Mr. Auschnitt's blessing".
929:
466:
5510:(contributors: Eftimie Ardeleanu, Mircea Chirițoiu, Alexandru Oșca, Vasile Popa),
3922:"Rumania Liquidating the Property of Edgar Ausnit, Brother of Jailed Arms Magnate"
3211:"Ginerele lui Malaxa, George Emil Palade, primul român laureat al Premiului Nobel"
3115:"Entre os detidos encontra-se o governador geral das fabricas de aço 'Titan'", in
1508:. This was a precautionary measure against the planned transport of Banat Jews to
1411:
373:
5557:
5358:
5303:
4711:
4497:
Mediocritate și excelență. O radiografie a științei și învățământului din România
4444:
4365:
3937:
3887:
3776:
3656:
3607:
3054:
2977:
2926:
2796:, p. 160. Bucharest: National Institute for the Study of Totalitarianism, 2001.
2154:
2057:
1810:
1680:
1639:
1505:
1485:
1237:
1087:
1071:
992:
742:
523:
495:
474:
458:
309:
305:
285:, he had a business connection, and later a consuming rivalry, with manufacturer
282:
250:
2021:
that Auschnitt was a "guardian angel" for the RNC Chairman—his old acquaintance
5094:
3771:
3046:
2627:
2112:
2081:
2073:
1866:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1561:
1399:
1383:
1375:
1363:
1268:
1197:
1143:
1108:
1008:
889:
828:
824:
813:
720:
652:
567:
488:
341:
and, more discreetly, by sponsoring the Guardist network. His 1935 marriage to
286:
4851:
Minorități etnoculturale. Mărturii documentare. Evreii din România (1945–1965)
3921:
1209:
804:, exposing the movement to Carol's violent retaliation. As reported by writer
586:
432:, which split into pro-Auschnitt and pro-Malaxa factions, respectively led by
5574:
5524:
5461:
5125:
1985:
1981:
Malaxa was finally admitted to the US in 1953, after purchasing support from
1971:
1700:
counter-coup, and was identified by other participants as Romania's would-be
1676:
1552:
1536:
1465:
1431:
1395:
1116:
1091:
1063:
984:
909:
805:
731:
712:
696:
644:
602:
515:
511:
462:
377:
326:
290:
139:
5395:
3021:"Imperialismul americano-englez — dușman de moarte al poporului român", in
2393:
Mihai Sorin Rădulescu, "Aperçu sur la généalogie de la famille Malaxa", in
2097:
2030:
1877:
1352:
1332:
1319:
1221:
1163:
961:
956:
870:
624:
in Creditanstalt. This business was overseen through their consortium, the
590:
365:
361:
330:
281:, and investor in many other fields. Primarily known as the "iron king" of
2134:, were also supported by various members of the Romanian exile, including
913:
893:
737:
581:, making him a participant in the European arms trade. This reflected his
337:. Auschnitt attempted to diffuse this threat by paying public tributes to
4121:
4041:"Guvernul Antonescu, pus în dificultate de o donație a lui Max Auschnitt"
2591:
2171:
2053:
2026:
1939:
1931:
1803:
1672:, and sentenced to death; the same verdict was pronounced against Ghika.
1635:
1548:
1501:
1435:
1290:
1052:
1023:
formally asked Madgearu why he was spending time at Auschnitt's villa in
987:
that the building had no cultural value. From 1935, his donations helped
878:
801:
778:
270:
262:
258:
5081:
4918:
4773:
4420:
3885:, "Așa nu ne place istoria! Fața văzută și cea nevăzută a cenzurii", in
3411:
3164:
2845:
2817:
2291:
2060:, who had also been involved with the RNC. The coincidence was noted in
2040:
During his final years, Auschnitt reoriented himself toward the budding
1910:
514:. Several members of the Auschnitt family, including Max, served in the
483:
376:, and then his citizenship. Carol himself fell from power in 1940, with
4231:
2034:
2012:
1830:
1371:
1347:
1241:
936:
851:
754:
750:
617:
582:
369:
334:
209:
4937:"Ultimele zile de pace dinaintea revoluției culturale a lui Ceaușescu"
4853:, p. 41. Cluj-Napoca: Ethnocultural Diversity Resource Center, 2003.
3386:
I. D. Basarabeanu, "Intr'o chestiune penibilă: cea a trusturilor", in
2794:
Mecanisme represive în România, 1945–1989. Dicționar biografic, I: A–C
1430:" was established as a partnership between the Iron Guard and General
1389:
For all his subjects' enthusiasm, the king never agreed to have other
745:. At a time when 32% of Romanian commercial enterprises were owned by
547:
5326:
Securitatea: structuri-cadre; obiective și metode. Vol. I (1948–1967)
5308:
British Clandestine Activities in Romania during the Second World War
5209:
5204:
Csaba Békés, László Borhi, Peter Ruggenthaler, Ottmar Trașcă (eds.),
5153:, December 30, 1985, p. 7; Péter O. Váry, "Párizs vigyázó szeme", in
3517:
2530:"La fille du rajah de Sarawak va épouser un millionaire roumain", in
2011:
The dispute was closely followed by Romania's new secret police, the
1814:
1513:
1188:, in late 1938 Auschnitt and Malaxa were involved in undermining the
1174:
1103:
917:
905:
663:
585:
outlook, first brought up when he defended Vickers against rivals at
385:
314:
3499:, Vol. III, p. 124. Bucharest: Fundația Europeană Titulescu, 2012.
3081:
Sfîntă tinerețe legionară. Activismul fascist în România interbelică
972:
563:
478:
119:
4994:
Andrei Lucaci, "Exilul românesc după al II-lea război mondial", in
2815:"Campania electorală. Campania național-țărănistă la Covurlui", in
2716:
2573:"Richard Nixon a intervenit pentru Malaxa în războiul cu Auschnitt"
2175:
2089:
1967:
1966:
industrialist lived for a while with Livia and Gustave's family in
1736:
1717:
1687:
flew him back to Bucharest, where he was awarded protection by the
1484:
to a cell of anti-fascist exiles in England, which was overseen by
964:. Argetoianu notes that Auschnitt made sure to play a losing hand.
372:. In the process, he lost his UDR shares, which went to Malaxa and
265:. Auschnitt was caretaker, and from 1929 managing director, of the
5262:
Pe umerii lui Marx. O introducere în istoria comunismului românesc
5206:
Soviet Occupation of Romania, Hungary, and Austria 1944/45–1948/49
4753:
B.I.R.E. (Bulletin d'Informations pour les Roumains de l'Étranger)
3636:
Alianța româno-polonă între destrămare și solidaritate (1938–1939)
2311:"Jurnale ale Consiliului de Miniștri. Ministerul de Justiție", in
1954:, the communist literary magazine, took over Edgar's flat outside
1595:
attending a gala at the Soviet Embassy in Bucharest, December 1944
1304:
In October, the king allowed Iamandi to draft new regulations for
928:, was housed at this location until 1937, when its members rented
551:
392:, though he himself had to flee Romania before the event, and was
5402:. Brașov: Fundația Lapedatu & Fundația Academia Civică, 2016.
5244:
4166:
4020:"Senzaţionala descoperire făcută la locuința lui Max Aușnit", in
3084:
2843:"Campania electorală. Candidați proclamați aleși din oficiu", in
2064:, which mockingly suggested that Gafencu had "likely of grief".
1890:
1158:, had drafted a plan for the mass emigration of Romanian Jews to
1044:
559:
1267:
News of Auschnitt's defeat by Malaxa were recorded by socialite
4769:"Comuniștii și sovieticii au distrus economia Banatului Montan"
3424:"Recenzii. 'Rezultatele autarhiei economice' de M. Aușnit", in
2174:
in 2009; it is now noted for featuring a monument-sized gilded
1740:
1713:
1643:
1048:
1036:
1024:
952:
629:
503:
499:
5529:
Athene Palace Bucharest. Hitler's 'New Order' Comes to Rumania
5500:
Aurel Savin, "Figuri de martiri. Inginerul Ion E. Bujoiu", in
5425:
Cultură și propagandă. Institutul Român din Berlin (1940–1945)
4795:
Simion Schwartz, "Evrei exploatatori și evrei exploatați", in
4499:, Vol. 6, p. 145. Cluj-Napoca: Casa Cărții de Știință, 2016.
3926:
News from All Over the World. By the Jewish Telegraphic Agency
2512:"Max Auschnitt, de la pocherul regal la închisoarea Văcărești"
1992:, though from different angles: Auschnitt sought to align the
1763:
1727:
also viewed him as a trusted adviser; together, they met with
1177:, outlawing all political parties and replacing them with the
1162:. This attempt was foiled by opposition from both Britain and
943:
and resold his shares to Carol II, who immediately obtained a
5512:
Misiune dificilă. Jurnal: 28 ianuarie 1945—20 septembrie 1946
5123:
Eugen Luca, "Tribuna creației. Modalități ale romanului", in
5079:"Ultimele știri de peste hotare. Note. Toată pasărea...", in
4327:"Aripile libertății: aviatorii români fug din raiul comunist"
2830:
Doru Dumitrescu, "Alegerile din 1932 și 1933 în România", in
2162:
2161:
through a Memorial Library. He was awarded the golden key of
1787:
once he prevented workers from sacking the managerial staff.
1659:
1634:. Auschnitt had brought with him messages sent by PNȚ leader
1426:, Carol was deposed and exiled, alongside his mistress; the "
939:
various Romanian refineries. He found himself overwhelmed by
543:
531:
384:, and was also involved in helping fellow Jews to escape the
5147:"Deputato francês é acusado de espionar para a Romênia", in
3521:, October 11, 1937, p. 11; Argetoianu III, pp. 105, 127, 150
2128:
and make his way into politics. The allegations, carried by
4916:Țăranu Radivoi, "Bucuria de a trăi într'o țară liberă", in
4592:
4590:
2924:
Elizabeth Hazard, "Războiul Rece a început în România", in
2884:"A Resica és a Nadrág-Kaláni Vasművek nyereségmérlege", in
2628:"Arms Mogul Defies Iron Guard, Weds Rumanian Girl Secretly"
1938:
Speaking at a public rally on November 1, Finance Minister
1115:. This claim was partly validated by another newspaperman,
753:. Already in the late 1920s, Auschnitt allegedly purchased
620:. In 1931, he allied himself to Malaxa in order to acquire
555:
5761:
Members of the Romanian anti-communist resistance movement
2681:
2679:
2660:
2658:
2656:
1865:. A Jewish worker, Simion Schwartz, announced this in the
1523:
In early 1943, Auschnitt was in contact with the American
5191:Însemnări zilnice. Volumul III: 1 iulie—31 decembrie 1937
4732:
4730:
3654:
Mihail E. Ionescu, "De ce s-a risipit România Mare?", in
2088:, where he probably appears as the banker Druker, and by
1208:, and because of both industrialists being suppliers for
1094:
noted that PNȚ figures were borrowing ideas from his own
995:. One anecdote suggests that Auschnitt also heard actors
885:, at the time a serving as Vice President in the Senate.
866:
651:, frequenting Meșterul Manole Lodge alongside Malaxa and
405:, he was slowly pushed back into exile by signs that the
4587:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4290:
3994:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3686:
3684:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3280:
2072:
During his final years, Auschnitt had been lampooned in
2676:
2653:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2640:
1743:
to his 200 guests. These included General Schuyler and
16:
Romanian businessman & political figure (1888–1957)
4727:
3186:
Marius Ionescu, "Pași în trecut. O vilă la șosea", in
2418:
2416:
2414:
2412:
1398:
in 2016 rates). In June, while filing his appeal from
1382:, who was reportedly Auschnitt's friend: "This is the
1297:, Auschnitt retaliated against the Nazis by assisting
1263:
and Auschnitt at an UDR company meeting, July 26, 1938
1070:, Auschnitt maintained a personal friendship with the
983:. He renounced this plan upon being told by historian
904:. Pandrea claims that Madgearu became the Auschnitts'
4814:
Discussion Bulletin (of the Socialist Workers' Party)
4287:
3985:
3681:
3638:, p. 409. Bucharest: Biblioteca Bucureștilor, 2010.
3277:
2029:
and getting them to attend "impromptu parties in his
1706:
Romanian Society for Friendship with the Soviet Union
1422:
In September 1940, following public outrage over the
707:, running unopposed in the latter. In February 1932,
4797:
Unirea. Organ Democratic Evreesc de Luptă și Cultură
4163:
International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania
4145:
4143:
4141:
2637:
1059:
to be "occult" and unwanted influences on the king.
816:, who sympathized with the anti-Codreanu group, the
741:, Auschnitt was also especially close to politician
626:
Compagnie Européenne de Participations Industrielles
5716:
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Romania
4277:, p. 210. Bucharest: Asociația Studio Zona, 2021.
3788:
3786:
3582:, Vol. 5, Issues 3–4, March–April 1994, pp. 360–361
3426:
Urbanismul. Monitor al Uniunei Orașelor din România
2707:
Matei & Nastasă, p. 300; Nastasă (2011), p. 477
2409:
2240:Romulus Damian, "Cetățenii noștri clandestini", in
1654:, as he and Hurmuzescu still had to be screened by
5826:Vienna University of Economics and Business alumni
4545:
4543:
4089:Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica
5711:Romanian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
5475:Memoriile mandarinului valah. Jurnal I: 1954–1956
5449:Antisemitismul universitar în România (1919–1939)
4138:
3428:, Vol. XIII, Issues 7–8, July–August 1936, p. 361
3033:
3031:
2033:penthouse, where he would entertain pals such as
5572:
4877:
4875:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3825:
3783:
1857:, and some others. On June 11, the UDR had been
845:Auschnitt and then-fiancée Leonora Brook in 1932
686:
5353:, Vol 7, Issue 2, June–December 2015, pp. 1–42.
4954:Ștefan Stanciu, "Muzeul de Istorie Galați", in
4749:"Les emigrés dechus de la nationalité roumaine"
4540:
4258:"Death 'In Absentia' for Antonescu Friend", in
4091:, Vols. III–IV, 2006–2007, pp. 235–236, 247–248
3329:"Știri. Oficiul par. ort. rom. din Săceni", in
2811:
2809:
2327:
2325:
2323:
1578:
261:, greatly expanding his father's fortune after
5746:Jewish resistance members during the Holocaust
5226:. Bucharest: Fundația Academia Civică, 2000.
3028:
1520:to provide medical treatment for the inmates.
597:, an automotive plant, and minority shares in
554:. His land property was said to cover 150,000
356:in 1937, he was further maligned when Carol's
293:, which established their presence in Europe.
4872:
4215:
4213:
4032:
4030:
3822:
2743:"Să se termine cu guvernările ticăloase", in
2596:În umbra celulei. Malmaison, 1943–1944, iarna
2463:Nicolae Păvălucă, "Dragă brețcancă (II)", in
2389:
2387:
2015:. In 1953, it took clues from a piece in the
1082:claimed that Auschnitt had even acknowledged
951:businessmen obtained villas in Dorobanți and
601:. From 1930, a syndicate comprising the TNC,
364:. He was arrested shortly after the start of
5751:People who rescued Jews during the Holocaust
5392:, Vol. 8, Issue 1, February 1941, pp. 24–40.
4621:
4619:
4456:
4454:
3456:Solia. Organ al Partidului Național Țărănesc
3137:In Memory of Steve Ausnit, TOLI Board Member
3025:, Vol. 4, Issue I, January–March 1951, p. 23
2806:
2611:Pandrea (2011), p. 107; Wallersteiner, p. 10
2503:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2320:
2193:
2191:
2004:to examine Nixon's deals with Malaxa, until
1603:in ousting its disgraced general secretary,
1170:, which were specifically targeted at Jews.
1055:declared Auschnitt and other figures of the
1043:a favorable review of Romania's industrial "
5801:American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
5786:Romanian people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
5701:People convicted of treason against Romania
5544:The Corinthian. The Magazine for Old Stoics
5514:. Bucharest: Editura Enciclopedică, 1997.
5444:, Vol. V, Issue 53, August 1991, pp. 44–45.
5407:Masoni sub judecata comunistă. Grupul Bellu
4318:
4316:
4314:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3578:Teodor Wexler, "Dr. Wilhelm Filderman", in
3151:Studii și Materiale de Istorie Contemporană
2623:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2564:
2562:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2044:. He and his son Steve worked on improving
1402:, he made a final attempt at placating the
765:, manager of TNC, to assassinate his boss.
538:, entrusted with the administration of the
325:, constantly bribing him and his mistress,
5806:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Judaism
5796:American people of Austrian-Jewish descent
5791:American people of Romanian-Jewish descent
5781:Romanian people of Austrian-Jewish descent
5721:Romanian military personnel of World War I
4254:
4252:
4250:
4210:
4100:Gelu Vifor, "Mareșalul și muncitorii", in
4027:
3917:
3915:
3111:
3109:
2696:Studia Universitatis Petru Maior. Historia
2560:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2526:
2524:
2384:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
1893:network transporting Jews out of Romania.
1107:, whose staff believed that he was behind
29:
5467:"Cronică valahă cu inginerul Malaxa", in
5287:Business in the Age of Depression and War
4616:
4451:
4070:
4068:
3529:
3527:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3174:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2757:
2755:
2721:Anii treizeci. Extrema dreaptă românească
2446:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2209:
2207:
2188:
522:, which resulted in the establishment of
5726:Romanian people of the Spanish Civil War
4311:
3585:
3439:Marisia. Anuarul Muzeului Județean Mureș
3320:, Vol. XLVIII, Issue 25, June 1933, p. 7
2784:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2614:
2587:
2585:
2470:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2149:, made returns to Romania following the
1925:
1796:parliamentary elections in November 1946
1762:
1582:
1358:On December 5, a new cabinet, headed by
1255:
1129:
5851:Romanian emigrants to the United States
5558:Newspaper clippings about Max Auschnitt
5199:. Bucharest: Editura Machiavelli, 2003.
5193:. Bucharest: Editura Machiavelli, 2001.
4247:
4126:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
3912:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3106:
3023:Studii. Revistă de Istorie și Filosofie
2920:
2918:
2916:
2539:
2521:
2225:
991:build an administrative palace for the
508:Academy for Advanced Commercial Studies
215:Academy for Advanced Commercial Studies
82:Galați Chamber of Commerce and Industry
5641:Romanian racehorse owners and breeders
5573:
4065:
3928:, Vol. VI, Issue 198, April 1940, p. 5
3699:Argetoianu VII, pp. 72, 89–90, 104–106
3524:
3333:, Vol. LI, Issue 35, August 1936, p. 7
3193:
3171:
2891:
2752:
2429:
2298:
2204:
2141:Minigrip, Inc. became a subsidiary of
1921:
900:, whereas Auschnitt had opted for the
388:. He had a minor role in plotting the
304:; he had enduring collaborations with
178:Nelly Aronovici (m. ca. 1923; d. 1927)
5706:Romanian prisoners sentenced to death
5495:Morisena. Revistă de Cultură Istorică
5282:, Vol. III, Issue 7, 1998, pp. 51–53.
5168:Timpul. Cotidian Independent (Reșița)
5097:, "Cronica literară. Petru Dumitriu,
5029:Pandrea (2011), pp. 137–138, 140, 283
4078:, Vol. 111, Issue 2, July 1942, p. 57
3819:Argetoianu VII, pp. 170–171, 185, 190
2948:Pandrea (2011), pp. 106–107, 177, 283
2775:
2582:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2249:
2120:, where he represented the far-right
1338:The matter was personally handled by
955:. Auschnitt alone purchased from the
409:was establishing a new dictatorship.
5666:National Peasants' Party politicians
5636:Businesspeople in the sugar industry
5497:, Vol. III, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 5–11.
5289:, pp. 253–285. London & Savage:
4363:, "'Cazul' grupului Pătrășcanu", in
4273:Andrei Răzvan Voinea, Irina Calotă,
3124:
2913:
1650:. Auschnitt was then transported to
1642:, Ghika then flew his passengers to
1472:, and made available for use by the
1007:, who took as his lover the actress
420:, including his allegedly financing
5427:. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Mega, 2018.
5241:Ceaușescu, anii numărătorii inverse
4024:, Vol. I, Issue 7, April 1941, p. 6
3357:Constantin Grigore, Miliana Șerbu,
3232:Unirea. Foaie Bisericească-Politică
1630:Their escape served to prepare the
1410:and Malaxa. According to Lachmann,
1173:Only days after, Carol II staged a
1051:rally of PNȚ figures who supported
349:, elicited additional controversy.
345:'s daughter, and his conversion to
289:. The two were associate owners of
13:
5502:Memoria. Revista Gândirii Arestate
4700:Grigorescu & Ștefan, pp. 25–26
4486:, December 21, 1944, pp. 6402–6402
4465:"Malaxa 'încinge' exilul românesc"
4414:Laurențiu Ungureanu, Radu Eremia,
4235:, Vol. XIV, Issue 701, August 2003
2725:Editura Fundației Culturale Române
2362:
2295:(Timișoara edition), July 18, 2014
1646:, where they met Maniu's liaison,
1516:, after Colonel Agapiescu allowed
1470:Office of Alien Property Custodian
1417:
1014:
457:immigrants listed as nationals of
180:Livia Pordea (m. 1935; sep. 1950s)
14:
5877:
5696:Overturned convictions in Romania
5631:Romanian businesspeople in timber
5551:
5386:, "The Hermann Göring Works", in
4956:Almanahul Revistei Dunărea de Jos
4007:I. M., "Casa Elenei Lupescu", in
3955:Argetoianu VII, pp. 208, 212, 218
3480:"Acțiunea d-lui Iuliu Maniu", in
2966:Gârlan, p. 6. See also Pop, p. 42
2381:, Vol. IV, Issue 48, April 1943,
2377:"El rey de las tres mujeres", in
2008:ordered his agents to step down.
1656:Security Intelligence Middle East
639:, who, in 1930, became Carol II,
5671:Members of the Senate of Romania
5504:, Issue 31 (2), 2000, pp. 56–62.
5208:. Budapest & New York City:
5160:
5141:
5132:
5117:
5108:
5088:
5073:
5054:
5041:
5032:
5023:
5010:
5001:
4988:
4979:
4970:
4961:
4948:
4925:
4910:
4897:
4884:
4863:
4843:
4834:
4819:
4802:
4789:
4780:
4777:(Reșița edition), April 26, 2014
4758:
4739:
4718:
4703:
4694:
4685:
4676:
4667:
4658:
4645:
4632:
4603:
4578:
4565:
4552:
4527:
4518:
4509:
4489:
4474:
4436:
4427:
4405:
4390:
4381:
4372:
4354:
4345:
4336:
4267:
4238:
4201:
4192:
4179:
4152:
4107:
4094:
4081:
4050:
4014:
4001:
3976:
3967:
3958:
3949:
3931:
3903:
3894:
3876:
3867:
3858:
3849:
3840:
3813:
3804:
3795:
3441:, Vol. XXXVII, 2017, pp. 269–270
3359:Miniștrii de interne (1862–2007)
850:
838:
418:anti-communist resistance groups
5836:Romanian expatriates in Austria
5731:Romanian people of World War II
5681:Romanian white-collar criminals
5676:Camarilla (Carol II of Romania)
5346:, Vol. XXXV, 2017, pp. 173–259.
4967:Câmpeanu, pp. 201–202, 214, 227
4825:"Ordonanțe de contumancie", in
4104:, Vol. I, August 27, 1942, p. 3
3765:
3756:
3747:
3720:
3711:
3702:
3693:
3672:
3663:
3648:
3628:
3619:
3572:
3563:
3554:
3545:
3509:
3489:
3474:
3471:, Issue 20, Autumn 2009, p. 131
3461:
3444:
3431:
3418:
3402:
3393:
3380:
3371:
3351:
3336:
3323:
3316:"Știri. Mulțumită publică", in
3310:
3293:
3264:
3255:
3246:
3237:
3220:
3156:
3143:
3097:
3073:
3060:
3040:
3015:
3006:
2997:
2984:
2969:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2933:
2878:
2865:
2852:
2837:
2824:
2737:
2710:
2701:
2688:
2667:
2605:
2457:
2400:
2346:, August 18 (30), 1884, p. 2492
2317:, Issue 286/1939, pp. 7135–7136
1775:Auschnitt still hoped that the
1374:. Argetoianu also writes that "
56:1929 – August 18, 1939
5846:Romanian expatriates in France
5611:Romanian mining businesspeople
5369:. London & New York City:
4976:Grigorescu & Ștefan, p. 25
4894:, Vol. I, Issue 2, 2008, p. 85
4351:Deletant, pp. 20, 114–115, 233
3252:Argetoianu III, pp. 8, 299–300
2349:
2334:
1758:
1632:anti-fascist coup of August 23
1623:. The flight, which landed in
1535:, where he was held alongside
1287:Anglo-Polish military alliance
1251:
1125:national elections in December
655:, and, through it, sponsoring
628:(CEPI), which operated out of
1:
5841:Romanian expatriates in Egypt
5423:Irina Matei, Lucian Nastasă,
5177:
3610:, "Mata Hari a României", in
3051:Amintiri, evocări, confesiuni
1685:United States Army Air Forces
1443:unchanged when the Guard was
865:Partners, as builders of the
687:Iron Guard and wedding affair
461:, though he may have claimed
448:
382:underground opposition groups
368:, and imprisoned following a
360:pursued a rapprochement with
5656:Romanian patrons of the arts
5646:20th-century philanthropists
5440:, "Poșta dicționarului", in
5224:Misiunea Ethridge în România
4816:, Issue 1, April 1950, p. 16
4625:"Darurile d-lui Aușnit", in
4515:Pandrea (2011), pp. 245, 283
4062:, May 8, 1943, pp. 2889–2890
3964:Argetoianu VII, pp. 208, 214
3735:University of Nebraska Press
3307:, Issue 13, March 1984, p. 6
3243:Pandrea (2011), pp. 177, 227
3070:, Issue 10 (38), 1999, p. 43
2832:Revista Perspective Istorice
1833:, who represented the PCR's
1619:, which had been ordered to
1579:Second trial and August coup
1525:Office of Strategic Services
1344:Minister of Internal Affairs
443:
7:
5861:Fugitives wanted by Romania
5691:Inmates of Văcărești Prison
5562:20th Century Press Archives
5362:, November 1999, pp. 24–28.
5170:, August 23, 2008, pp. 1, 6
4831:, October 23, 1948, p. 8500
4755:, Issue 22, August 20, 1948
4342:Deletant, pp. 114, 223, 233
3864:Argetoianu VII, pp. 220–221
3753:Argetoianu VII, pp. 104–105
3708:Argetoianu VII, pp. 105–106
3377:Matei & Nastasă, p. 166
3272:Revista de Istorie Militară
3261:Argetoianu III, pp. 101–102
3153:, Vol. I, 1956, pp. 163–164
2199:Revista de Istorie Militară
2002:Central Intelligence Agency
1994:Romanian National Committee
1609:Holocaust crimes in Romania
1293:. In September, during the
1206:partition of Czechoslovakia
1019:During September 1936, the
761:, received 20,000 lei from
453:Auschnitt was the scion of
430:Romanian National Committee
277:(TNC), regional partner of
10:
5882:
5546:, Issue 6/2016, pp. 10–12.
4998:, Vol. XXXII, 2003, p. 212
4480:"Anunțuri comerciale", in
4198:Câmpeanu, pp. 201–202, 214
4056:"Anunțuri comerciale", in
3762:Argetoianu VII, pp. 26, 86
3542:, Issues 27–28/2019, p. 12
3390:, September 13, 1935, p. 1
3188:Bună Dimineața, București!
3162:See death announcement in
2981:, November 1973, pp. 92–93
2858:"Max Aușnit amenință", in
2536:, September 24, 1932, p. 3
2340:"Anunciurĭ judiciare", in
1820:anti-communist underground
1781:Soviet hegemony in Romania
1386:in its Romanian version".
1179:National Renaissance Front
912:villa on Aleea Alexandru,
658:Revista Fundațiilor Regale
618:Romanian Telephone Company
401:. Returning to assist the
358:National Renaissance Front
5736:Inmates of Târgu Jiu camp
5686:Inmates of Doftana prison
5606:Romanian company founders
5601:Romanian chief executives
5157:, November 11, 2000, p. 5
5062:"Sorority on E. 63rd St."
4396:"Anunțuri judiciare", in
3678:Argetoianu VII, pp. 36–37
3625:Pandrea (2002), pp. 66–67
3536:, "Pagini de jurnal", in
3415:, November 20, 1935, p. 4
3168:, February 20, 1927, p. 2
3121:, November 15, 1939, p. 5
2862:, February 23, 1932, p. 4
2634:, June 21, 1935, pp. 1, 3
2155:Max Auschnitt Cycling Cup
2151:fall of communism in 1989
2067:
1960:labor movement in Romania
1729:Constantin Titel Petrescu
1084:employment discrimination
390:anti-fascist coup of 1944
312:. In tandem, he joined a
228:
220:
208:
200:
184:
174:
156:
146:
129:
106:
101:
97:
86:
78:
67:
60:
49:
41:
37:
28:
21:
5816:American Roman Catholics
5811:Romanian Roman Catholics
5741:The Holocaust in Romania
5651:Romanian philanthropists
5351:Revista Inovația Socială
5085:, February 1, 1957, p. 4
4120:, pp. 242–243. Chicago:
4011:, October 20, 1940, p. 1
3560:Wallersteiner, pp. 10–11
3303:de George de Berea", in
3274:, Issues 1–2/2009, p. 79
2821:, December 8, 1928, p. 3
2454:, February 2, 1938, p. 7
2201:, Issues 5–6/2017, p. 90
2181:
1825:Records kept by the new
1767:UDR workers celebrating
1589:Romanian Communist Party
1543:(PCR). One of these was
1541:Romanian Communist Party
1510:Nazi extermination camps
1504:to a charity managed by
1428:National Legionary State
1190:Polish–Romanian alliance
1111:'s left-wing newspaper,
1096:National Christian Party
881:. His father-in-law was
867:Bucharest–Brașov highway
784:Romanian Communist Party
719:it was owed by Romanian
673:National Peasants' Party
540:Iron Domains and Factory
520:campaigns of World War I
407:Romanian Communist Party
302:National Peasants' Party
273:, as well as founder of
267:Iron Domains and Factory
224:Investor, philanthropist
168:National Peasants' Party
44:Iron Domains and Factory
5616:Businesspeople in steel
5596:Romanian industrialists
5540:"A Tale of Two Ausnits"
5538:Anthony Wallersteiner,
5508:Cortlandt V.R. Schuyler
4629:, January 7, 1946, p. 1
4524:Cioroianu, pp. 107, 125
4448:, September 1992, p. 55
4402:, July 8, 1944, p. 5149
3873:Argetoianu VII, pp. 218
3774:, "Jurnal politic", in
3497:Pro și contra Titulescu
3348:, August 13, 1937, p. 3
3301:Comment épouser un roi?
2994:, Vol. 16, 2004, p. 263
2834:, Issue 6, pp. 117, 119
2685:Davenport-Hines, p. 276
2664:Davenport-Hines, p. 275
2018:Washington Times-Herald
1930:Auschnitt's bedroom on
1874:Great National Assembly
1747:, daughter of diplomat
1733:Social Democratic Party
1725:Cortlandt V.R. Schuyler
1567:Constantin C. Stoicescu
1457:German Foreign Minister
1342:, who was Argetoianu's
1323:for the sugar debacle.
1295:Nazi invasion of Poland
1005:August "Gustave" Pordea
810:Corneliu Zelea Codreanu
671:, including two of the
5471:, May 2002, pp. 65–67.
5038:Pandrea (2011), p. 137
4799:, Issue 170/1948, p. 5
4369:, November 1991, p. 42
3973:Argetoianu VII, p. 218
3946:, March 20, 1940, p. 4
3943:The Spartanburg Herald
3900:Argetoianu VII, p. 208
3855:Argetoianu VII, p. 171
3846:Argetoianu VII, p. 120
3810:Argetoianu VII, p. 136
3780:, February 1978, p. 41
3569:Argetoianu III, p. 307
3551:Argetoianu III, p. 210
3469:Historia Actual Online
3399:Pandrea (2011), p. 191
3087:, 2015, pp. 180–181.
2467:, March 31, 2000, p. 3
2406:Pandrea (2011), p. 227
2397:, Vol. VI, 2014, p. 61
2359:, Issue 250/1908, p. 6
2102:autobiographical novel
1935:
1843:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
1772:
1596:
1593:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
1482:Swiss Bank Corporation
1453:Joachim von Ribbentrop
1445:ousted in January 1941
1408:Nazi iron conglomerate
1264:
1246:Constantin Cantacuzino
1200:; this was because of
1147:
1119:, who also noted that
1080:Alexandru Vaida-Voevod
997:Grigore Vasiliu Birlic
818:Crusade of Romanianism
808:, the Guardist leader
788:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
763:Constantin C. Orghidan
512:Austrian secret police
506:, graduating from the
5330:Editura Enciclopedică
5185:Constantin Argetoianu
5129:, Issue 50/1957, p. 3
5105:, Issue 6/1957, p. 88
4922:, July 25, 1952, p. 2
4736:Constantin, pp. 51–52
4682:Mandache, pp. 41, 101
4664:Mandache, pp. 44, 100
4387:Deletant, pp. 114–115
4264:, Issue 22/1944, p. 1
3891:, October 1991, p. 57
3801:Argetoianu VII, p. 86
3717:Pandrea (2002), p. 66
3690:Argetoianu VII, p. 72
3669:Argetoianu VII, p. 24
3660:, May 2021, pp. 34–35
3486:, Issue 59/1937, p. 2
3458:, Issue 42/1936, p. 2
3290:Argetoianu VII, p. 89
3103:Nastasă (2011), p. 91
3053:, p. 199. Bucharest:
2910:, Issue 97/1937, p. 1
2904:"Cine nu știe?!", in
2888:, June 29, 1932, p. 6
2875:, July 15, 1932, p. 5
2849:, July 17, 1932, p. 5
2772:, Issue 3/2013, p. 39
2632:Jewish Daily Bulletin
2246:, Issue 97/1939, p. 4
1929:
1904:were arrested, while
1766:
1586:
1438:, who served time in
1278:Völkischer Beobachter
1261:Constantin Argetoianu
1259:
1142:(in or before 1938).
1133:
926:Constantin Argetoianu
902:Roman Catholic Church
641:King of the Romanians
614:conflicts of interest
296:First elected to the
5756:Aliyah Bet activists
5266:Editura Curtea Veche
4495:Petre T. Frangopol,
4308:Wallersteiner, p. 12
3998:Wallersteiner, p. 11
3940:, "On Broadway", in
3483:Gazeta Transilvaniei
3234:, Issue 6/1935, p. 4
3190:, Issue 5/2013, p. 7
2930:, August 1996, p. 51
2907:Gazeta Transilvaniei
2749:, Issue 5/1936, p. 5
2746:Gazeta Transilvaniei
2723:, p. 17. Bucharest:
2673:Lachmann, pp. 34, 40
2650:Wallersteiner, p. 10
2598:, p. 83. Bucharest:
2243:Gazeta Transilvaniei
2106:Victoria neînaripată
2050:Dow Chemical Company
1885:and wartime admiral
1218:Nazi racial policies
1041:La Roumanie Nouvelle
875:Charles Vyner Brooke
857:Livia Pordea in 1934
795:Guardist death squad
649:Romanian Freemasonry
622:controlling interest
339:Romanian nationalism
5821:Romanian Freemasons
5371:Hambledon Continuum
5291:Frank Cass & Co
4673:Burger, pp. 196–198
4627:Informația Prahovei
4361:Cristian Popișteanu
3733:, p. 261. Lincoln:
3003:Enache, pp. 192–198
2957:Enache, pp. 193–194
2770:Revista Hiperboreea
2600:Editura Cartea Rusă
2355:"Bibliografie", in
2168:Fondul Proprietatea
2143:Illinois Tool Works
2118:European Parliament
2046:plastic-bag zippers
2023:Constantin Vișoianu
2006:Walter Bedell Smith
1922:RNC and later years
1908:managed to escape.
1847:Ion Gheorghe Maurer
1839:national-communists
1753:Informația Prahovei
1749:W. Averell Harriman
1664:Third Romanian Army
1648:Constantin Vișoianu
1587:Auschnitt with the
1558:Obersturmbannführer
1545:Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu
1500:donated 50 million
1461:Alexandru Ottulescu
1424:Second Vienna Award
1192:, favoring instead
1160:Mandatory Palestine
1076:Pedro Prat y Soutzo
981:Alexandru Ioan Cuza
558:, including 11,000
536:united with Romania
434:Constantin Vișoianu
235:Max Carol Auschnitt
23:Max Carol Auschnitt
5831:Romanian defectors
5766:People from Galați
5591:Romanian investors
5400:Ultimele însemnări
5312:Palgrave Macmillan
5138:Mirodan, pp. 44–45
5099:Cronică de familie
5060:Michael Callahan,
4715:, June 2000, p. 25
4424:, October 27, 2014
4227:"Belu Zilber (II)"
3450:"Nerușinații dela
3209:Romulus Căplescu,
2571:Romulus Căplescu,
2222:, January 19, 1957
2219:The New York Times
2147:Harvard University
1936:
1777:Potsdam Conference
1773:
1597:
1474:United States Navy
1360:Gheorghe Tătărescu
1265:
1148:
945:debt restructuring
677:Dumitru Mociornița
607:Chrissoveloni Bank
579:Vickers-Armstrongs
575:Titan-Nădrag-Călan
562:of forest outside
394:sentenced to death
279:Vickers-Armstrongs
275:Titan-Nădrag-Călan
124:Kingdom of Romania
62:Senator of Romania
5856:Romanian escapees
5661:Romanian Zionists
5487:978-973-645-440-0
5457:978-6-06-927445-3
5438:Alexandru Mirodan
5433:978-606-543-991-7
5419:978-606-793-699-5
5320:978-1-349-55509-3
5280:Dosarele Istoriei
5218:978-963-386-075-5
5007:Constantin, p. 53
4985:Constantin, p. 52
4942:Evenimentul Zilei
4828:Monitorul Oficial
4724:Constantin, p. 51
4505:978-606-17-0975-5
4483:Monitorul Oficial
4399:Monitorul Oficial
4325:Sorin Turturică,
4283:978-973-0-34405-9
4261:The Jewish Herald
4207:Cioroianu, p. 107
4187:Almanahul Oștirii
4134:978-0-299-20794-6
4059:Monitorul Oficial
4039:Ciprian Stoleru,
3743:978-0-8032-2098-0
3644:978-973-8369-84-9
3613:Jurnalul Național
3505:978-606-8091-13-6
3367:978-97374-504-8-7
3093:978-973-46-5357-7
3068:Dosarele Istoriei
2395:Archiva Moldaviae
2343:Monitorul Oficial
2314:Monitorul Oficial
2214:"Max Ausnit Dies"
2159:Holocaust studies
2153:. He sponsored a
2131:Le Matin de Paris
2126:Jean-Marie Le Pen
2042:plastics industry
1990:Romanian diaspora
1934:, 1948 photograph
1837:circles, against
1745:Kathleen Harriman
1689:Allied Commission
1572:The Jewish Herald
1529:Balkan Federation
1518:Maximilian Popper
1498:Franz von Neumann
1380:Eugeniu Vârtejanu
1340:Gavrilă Marinescu
1307:sociétés anonymes
1152:Wilhelm Filderman
1068:Spanish Civil War
989:Gavrilă Marinescu
693:Senate of Romania
669:Finance Ministers
534:once that region
426:plastics industry
403:Allied Commission
347:Roman Catholicism
232:
231:
117:February 14, 1888
5873:
5866:Stateless people
5447:Lucian Nastasă,
5405:Diana Mandache,
5258:Adrian Cioroianu
5171:
5164:
5158:
5150:Jornal do Brasil
5145:
5139:
5136:
5130:
5121:
5115:
5112:
5106:
5092:
5086:
5077:
5071:
5058:
5052:
5045:
5039:
5036:
5030:
5027:
5021:
5014:
5008:
5005:
4999:
4992:
4986:
4983:
4977:
4974:
4968:
4965:
4959:
4952:
4946:
4929:
4923:
4914:
4908:
4901:
4895:
4888:
4882:
4879:
4870:
4867:
4861:
4847:
4841:
4838:
4832:
4823:
4817:
4806:
4800:
4793:
4787:
4786:Rusnac, pp. 9–11
4784:
4778:
4767:Cristian Franț,
4766:
4762:
4756:
4747:
4743:
4737:
4734:
4725:
4722:
4716:
4707:
4701:
4698:
4692:
4691:Mandache, p. 101
4689:
4683:
4680:
4674:
4671:
4665:
4662:
4656:
4649:
4643:
4636:
4630:
4623:
4614:
4607:
4601:
4594:
4585:
4582:
4576:
4569:
4563:
4556:
4550:
4547:
4538:
4531:
4525:
4522:
4516:
4513:
4507:
4493:
4487:
4478:
4472:
4471:(online edition)
4463:Florin Șperlea,
4462:
4458:
4449:
4440:
4434:
4431:
4425:
4413:
4409:
4403:
4394:
4388:
4385:
4379:
4378:Deletant, p. 114
4376:
4370:
4358:
4352:
4349:
4343:
4340:
4334:
4324:
4320:
4309:
4306:
4285:
4271:
4265:
4256:
4245:
4242:
4236:
4221:
4217:
4208:
4205:
4199:
4196:
4190:
4183:
4177:
4165:, p. 293. Iași:
4156:
4150:
4149:Deletant, p. 115
4147:
4136:
4111:
4105:
4098:
4092:
4085:
4079:
4072:
4063:
4054:
4048:
4038:
4034:
4025:
4018:
4012:
4005:
3999:
3996:
3983:
3980:
3974:
3971:
3965:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3947:
3935:
3929:
3919:
3910:
3907:
3901:
3898:
3892:
3880:
3874:
3871:
3865:
3862:
3856:
3853:
3847:
3844:
3838:
3835:
3820:
3817:
3811:
3808:
3802:
3799:
3793:
3790:
3781:
3769:
3763:
3760:
3754:
3751:
3745:
3724:
3718:
3715:
3709:
3706:
3700:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3679:
3676:
3670:
3667:
3661:
3652:
3646:
3632:
3626:
3623:
3617:
3616:, August 8, 2008
3604:
3583:
3580:Revista Istorică
3576:
3570:
3567:
3561:
3558:
3552:
3549:
3543:
3539:România Literară
3531:
3522:
3513:
3507:
3493:
3487:
3478:
3472:
3465:
3459:
3448:
3442:
3435:
3429:
3422:
3416:
3406:
3400:
3397:
3391:
3384:
3378:
3375:
3369:
3355:
3349:
3340:
3334:
3327:
3321:
3314:
3308:
3305:Lupta. Le Combat
3299:Vlad Stolojan, "
3297:
3291:
3288:
3275:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3253:
3250:
3244:
3241:
3235:
3224:
3218:
3208:
3204:
3191:
3184:
3169:
3160:
3154:
3147:
3141:
3133:
3122:
3113:
3104:
3101:
3095:
3077:
3071:
3064:
3058:
3044:
3038:
3035:
3026:
3019:
3013:
3010:
3004:
3001:
2995:
2988:
2982:
2973:
2967:
2964:
2958:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2940:
2937:
2931:
2922:
2911:
2902:
2889:
2882:
2876:
2869:
2863:
2856:
2850:
2841:
2835:
2828:
2822:
2813:
2804:
2786:
2773:
2763:
2759:
2750:
2741:
2735:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2699:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2674:
2671:
2665:
2662:
2651:
2648:
2635:
2625:
2612:
2609:
2603:
2589:
2580:
2570:
2566:
2537:
2528:
2519:
2509:
2505:
2468:
2461:
2455:
2448:
2427:
2420:
2407:
2404:
2398:
2391:
2382:
2375:
2360:
2353:
2347:
2338:
2332:
2329:
2318:
2309:
2296:
2284:
2280:
2247:
2238:
2223:
2211:
2202:
2195:
2136:Ion Mihai Pacepa
2094:Max și lumea lui
2078:Family Chronicle
1887:Horia Macellariu
1883:Nicolae Petrașcu
1835:internationalist
1827:communist regime
1779:would push back
1702:Finance Minister
1440:Malmaison prison
1329:Văcărești Prison
1312:money laundering
1214:Carpatho-Ukraine
1156:Armand Călinescu
1113:Lumea Românească
930:Elisabeta Palace
854:
842:
793:In late 1933, a
725:Great Depression
721:sugar refineries
681:Ernest Urdăreanu
467:Romanian Kingdom
455:Ukrainian Jewish
422:Nicolae Petrașcu
414:communist regime
255:Ukrainian Jewish
237:, also known as
196:(brother-in-law)
136:
133:January 18, 1957
116:
114:
102:Personal details
91:
72:
54:
33:
19:
18:
5881:
5880:
5876:
5875:
5874:
5872:
5871:
5870:
5571:
5570:
5554:
5549:
5469:Magazin Istoric
5389:Social Research
5359:Magazin Istoric
5304:Dennis Deletant
5222:Ulrich Burger,
5180:
5175:
5174:
5165:
5161:
5146:
5142:
5137:
5133:
5122:
5118:
5113:
5109:
5093:
5089:
5078:
5074:
5059:
5055:
5046:
5042:
5037:
5033:
5028:
5024:
5015:
5011:
5006:
5002:
4993:
4989:
4984:
4980:
4975:
4971:
4966:
4962:
4953:
4949:
4930:
4926:
4915:
4911:
4902:
4898:
4889:
4885:
4880:
4873:
4868:
4864:
4848:
4844:
4839:
4835:
4824:
4820:
4807:
4803:
4794:
4790:
4785:
4781:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4745:
4744:
4740:
4735:
4728:
4723:
4719:
4712:Magazin Istoric
4708:
4704:
4699:
4695:
4690:
4686:
4681:
4677:
4672:
4668:
4663:
4659:
4650:
4646:
4637:
4633:
4624:
4617:
4608:
4604:
4595:
4588:
4583:
4579:
4570:
4566:
4557:
4553:
4548:
4541:
4532:
4528:
4523:
4519:
4514:
4510:
4494:
4490:
4479:
4475:
4460:
4459:
4452:
4445:Magazin Istoric
4441:
4437:
4433:Lapedatu, p. 59
4432:
4428:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4395:
4391:
4386:
4382:
4377:
4373:
4366:Magazin Istoric
4359:
4355:
4350:
4346:
4341:
4337:
4322:
4321:
4312:
4307:
4288:
4272:
4268:
4257:
4248:
4244:Lapedatu, p. 27
4243:
4239:
4219:
4218:
4211:
4206:
4202:
4197:
4193:
4184:
4180:
4157:
4153:
4148:
4139:
4112:
4108:
4099:
4095:
4086:
4082:
4073:
4066:
4055:
4051:
4036:
4035:
4028:
4019:
4015:
4006:
4002:
3997:
3986:
3981:
3977:
3972:
3968:
3963:
3959:
3954:
3950:
3938:Walter Winchell
3936:
3932:
3920:
3913:
3908:
3904:
3899:
3895:
3888:Magazin Istoric
3881:
3877:
3872:
3868:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3850:
3845:
3841:
3836:
3823:
3818:
3814:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3796:
3792:Lachmann, p. 34
3791:
3784:
3777:Magazin Istoric
3770:
3766:
3761:
3757:
3752:
3748:
3727:Andrei Oișteanu
3725:
3721:
3716:
3712:
3707:
3703:
3698:
3694:
3689:
3682:
3677:
3673:
3668:
3664:
3657:Magazin Istoric
3653:
3649:
3634:Nicolae Mareș,
3633:
3629:
3624:
3620:
3608:Dinu Zamfirescu
3606:Toma Roman Jr,
3605:
3586:
3577:
3573:
3568:
3564:
3559:
3555:
3550:
3546:
3532:
3525:
3514:
3510:
3494:
3490:
3479:
3475:
3466:
3462:
3452:Solia Dreptății
3449:
3445:
3436:
3432:
3423:
3419:
3407:
3403:
3398:
3394:
3385:
3381:
3376:
3372:
3356:
3352:
3341:
3337:
3331:Foaia Diecezană
3328:
3324:
3318:Foaia Diecezană
3315:
3311:
3298:
3294:
3289:
3278:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3256:
3251:
3247:
3242:
3238:
3225:
3221:
3206:
3205:
3194:
3185:
3172:
3161:
3157:
3148:
3144:
3134:
3125:
3114:
3107:
3102:
3098:
3078:
3074:
3065:
3061:
3055:Editura Minerva
3045:
3041:
3036:
3029:
3020:
3016:
3011:
3007:
3002:
2998:
2992:Muzeul Național
2989:
2985:
2978:Magazin Istoric
2974:
2970:
2965:
2961:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2927:Magazin Istoric
2923:
2914:
2903:
2892:
2886:Bukaresti Lapok
2883:
2879:
2870:
2866:
2857:
2853:
2842:
2838:
2829:
2825:
2814:
2807:
2788:Octavian Roske
2787:
2776:
2761:
2760:
2753:
2742:
2738:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2693:
2689:
2684:
2677:
2672:
2668:
2663:
2654:
2649:
2638:
2626:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2590:
2583:
2579:, February 2012
2568:
2567:
2540:
2529:
2522:
2507:
2506:
2471:
2462:
2458:
2449:
2430:
2421:
2410:
2405:
2401:
2392:
2385:
2376:
2363:
2354:
2350:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2321:
2310:
2299:
2282:
2281:
2250:
2239:
2226:
2212:
2205:
2196:
2189:
2184:
2076:'s 1956 novel,
2070:
2058:Grigore Gafencu
1951:Gazeta Literară
1924:
1906:Eftimie Gherman
1863:Nicolae Cristea
1855:Ion Sân-Giorgiu
1811:Dinu Zamfirescu
1769:nationalization
1761:
1693:Nicolae Rădescu
1681:Eugen Cristescu
1640:Royal Air Force
1581:
1506:Maria Antonescu
1486:Grigore Gafencu
1420:
1418:Antonescu years
1299:Polish refugees
1254:
1238:insider trading
1204:'s role in the
1184:As reported by
1140:Voivode Michael
1088:Romanianization
1017:
1015:Marginalization
993:Romanian Police
922:Grigore Cerchez
898:Greek Catholics
883:Augustin Pordea
862:
861:
860:
859:
858:
855:
847:
846:
843:
743:Dem I. Dobrescu
705:1932 reelection
689:
599:Galați shipyard
524:Greater Romania
496:Virgil Madgearu
475:Istrate Micescu
459:Austria-Hungary
451:
446:
438:Nicolae Rădescu
343:Augustin Pordea
310:Dem I. Dobrescu
306:Virgil Madgearu
283:Greater Romania
251:interwar period
192:
191:(father-in-law)
189:Augustin Pordea
179:
166:
157:Political party
151:
142:, United States
138:
134:
118:
112:
110:
92:
87:
73:
68:
55:
50:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5879:
5869:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5776:Moldavian Jews
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5626:Vickers people
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5569:
5568:
5553:
5552:External links
5550:
5548:
5547:
5536:
5522:
5505:
5498:
5491:
5490:
5489:
5479:Editura Vremea
5472:
5459:
5445:
5435:
5421:
5411:Editura Corint
5403:
5393:
5381:
5365:Judith Keene,
5363:
5354:
5347:
5340:
5322:
5310:. Houndmills:
5301:
5283:
5276:
5255:
5237:Pavel Câmpeanu
5234:
5220:
5202:
5201:
5200:
5194:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5159:
5140:
5131:
5116:
5107:
5095:Alexandru Piru
5087:
5072:
5053:
5040:
5031:
5022:
5009:
5000:
4987:
4978:
4969:
4960:
4947:
4945:, June 8, 2019
4924:
4909:
4896:
4892:Caietele CNSAS
4883:
4871:
4862:
4842:
4833:
4818:
4801:
4788:
4779:
4757:
4738:
4726:
4717:
4702:
4693:
4684:
4675:
4666:
4657:
4644:
4631:
4615:
4602:
4586:
4577:
4575:, pp. 101, 124
4564:
4551:
4549:Burger, p. 197
4539:
4526:
4517:
4508:
4488:
4473:
4450:
4435:
4426:
4404:
4389:
4380:
4371:
4353:
4344:
4335:
4310:
4286:
4266:
4246:
4237:
4223:Stelian Tănase
4209:
4200:
4191:
4189:, 1987, p. 128
4178:
4151:
4137:
4106:
4093:
4080:
4064:
4049:
4026:
4013:
4000:
3984:
3982:Enache, p. 179
3975:
3966:
3957:
3948:
3930:
3911:
3909:Mirodan, p. 45
3902:
3893:
3875:
3866:
3857:
3848:
3839:
3821:
3812:
3803:
3794:
3782:
3772:Marthe Bibesco
3764:
3755:
3746:
3719:
3710:
3701:
3692:
3680:
3671:
3662:
3647:
3627:
3618:
3584:
3571:
3562:
3553:
3544:
3523:
3508:
3495:George Potra,
3488:
3473:
3460:
3443:
3430:
3417:
3401:
3392:
3379:
3370:
3350:
3335:
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3292:
3276:
3263:
3254:
3245:
3236:
3219:
3192:
3170:
3155:
3142:
3123:
3118:Diário Carioca
3105:
3096:
3079:Roland Clark,
3072:
3059:
3047:Panait Istrati
3039:
3037:Waldeck, p. 20
3027:
3014:
3012:Enache, p. 198
3005:
2996:
2983:
2968:
2959:
2950:
2941:
2932:
2912:
2890:
2877:
2864:
2851:
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2823:
2805:
2774:
2751:
2736:
2709:
2700:
2687:
2675:
2666:
2652:
2636:
2613:
2604:
2581:
2538:
2520:
2518:, January 2012
2469:
2456:
2428:
2408:
2399:
2383:
2361:
2348:
2333:
2319:
2297:
2248:
2224:
2203:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2122:National Front
2113:Romanian icons
2100:to publish an
2086:Balkan Trilogy
2082:Olivia Manning
2074:Petru Dumitriu
2069:
2066:
1923:
1920:
1902:Georg Hromadka
1898:Traian Cercega
1867:wall newspaper
1800:Anton Dumitriu
1792:Alexandru Popp
1760:
1757:
1625:British Cyprus
1617:Heinkel He 111
1580:
1577:
1562:Adolf Eichmann
1533:Târgu Jiu camp
1419:
1416:
1400:Doftana prison
1396:British pounds
1384:Dreyfus affair
1364:French Riviera
1269:Marthe Bibesco
1253:
1250:
1198:Little Entente
1194:Czechoslovakia
1144:Nicolae Malaxa
1109:Zaharia Stancu
1016:
1013:
1009:Elvira Godeanu
1001:Ion Iancovescu
920:. Designed by
890:Augustin Pacha
856:
849:
848:
844:
837:
836:
835:
834:
833:
829:Romanian Front
825:Victor Iamandi
814:Panait Istrati
799:Prime Minister
777:, launched by
775:Floarea de Foc
688:
685:
653:Aristide Blank
637:Carol Caraiman
489:Nicolae Malaxa
450:
447:
445:
442:
318:formed around
287:Nicolae Malaxa
230:
229:
226:
225:
222:
218:
217:
212:
206:
205:
202:
198:
197:
194:Gustave Pordea
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
137:(aged 68)
131:
127:
126:
108:
104:
103:
99:
98:
95:
94:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
65:
64:
58:
57:
47:
46:
39:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5878:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
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5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5771:Romanian Jews
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
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5734:
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5722:
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5709:
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5667:
5664:
5662:
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5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
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5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5567:
5563:
5559:
5556:
5555:
5545:
5541:
5537:
5534:
5530:
5526:
5525:R. G. Waldeck
5523:
5521:
5520:973-45-0176-3
5517:
5513:
5509:
5506:
5503:
5499:
5496:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5477:. Bucharest:
5476:
5473:
5470:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5462:Petre Pandrea
5460:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5443:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5430:
5426:
5422:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5409:. Bucharest:
5408:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5385:
5384:Kurt Lachmann
5382:
5380:
5379:0-7185-0126-8
5376:
5372:
5368:
5364:
5361:
5360:
5355:
5352:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5339:
5338:973-45-0541-6
5335:
5331:
5328:. Bucharest:
5327:
5323:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5299:0-7146-3387-9
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5281:
5277:
5275:
5274:973-669-175-6
5271:
5267:
5264:. Bucharest:
5263:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5253:973-683-840-4
5250:
5246:
5242:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5232:973-99605-1-0
5229:
5225:
5221:
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5211:
5207:
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5186:
5183:
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5169:
5163:
5156:
5152:
5151:
5144:
5135:
5128:
5127:
5126:Contemporanul
5120:
5114:Keene, p. 242
5111:
5104:
5103:Iașul Literar
5101:, I—III", in
5100:
5096:
5091:
5084:
5083:
5076:
5069:
5068:
5063:
5057:
5051:, pp. 337–338
5050:
5044:
5035:
5026:
5019:
5013:
5004:
4997:
4991:
4982:
4973:
4964:
4958:, 2007, p. 31
4957:
4951:
4944:
4943:
4938:
4934:
4931:Radu Pădure,
4928:
4921:
4920:
4913:
4906:
4900:
4893:
4887:
4878:
4876:
4869:Rusnac, p. 10
4866:
4860:
4859:973-85738-4-X
4856:
4852:
4846:
4837:
4830:
4829:
4822:
4815:
4811:
4808:E. R. Frank,
4805:
4798:
4792:
4783:
4776:
4775:
4770:
4765:(in Romanian)
4761:
4754:
4750:
4742:
4733:
4731:
4721:
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4461:(in Romanian)
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4446:
4439:
4430:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4412:(in Romanian)
4408:
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4393:
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4339:
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4323:(in Romanian)
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4228:
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4220:(in Romanian)
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4214:
4204:
4195:
4188:
4182:
4176:
4175:973-681-989-2
4172:
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2827:
2820:
2819:
2812:
2810:
2803:
2802:973-85454-0-4
2799:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2771:
2767:
2764:Horațiu Dan,
2762:(in Romanian)
2758:
2756:
2748:
2747:
2740:
2734:
2733:973-9155-43-X
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2704:
2698:, 2015, p. 90
2697:
2691:
2682:
2680:
2670:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2633:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2608:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2588:
2586:
2578:
2574:
2569:(in Romanian)
2565:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2535:
2534:
2527:
2525:
2517:
2513:
2510:Ioan Scurtu,
2508:(in Romanian)
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2466:
2460:
2453:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2425:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2403:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2380:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2358:
2352:
2345:
2344:
2337:
2331:Keene, p. 223
2328:
2326:
2324:
2316:
2315:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2285:Dani Dancea,
2283:(in Romanian)
2279:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2245:
2244:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2208:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2187:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2157:and promoted
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1986:Richard Nixon
1984:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1972:New York City
1969:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1946:
1941:
1933:
1928:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1770:
1765:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1710:Ivan Susaykov
1707:
1703:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1601:Emil Bodnăraș
1594:
1590:
1585:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1553:Remus Koffler
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1537:Tudor Arghezi
1534:
1530:
1526:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1466:Horia Hulubei
1462:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1432:Ion Antonescu
1429:
1425:
1415:
1413:
1412:Albert Göring
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1353:French francs
1349:
1345:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1283:Allied Powers
1280:
1279:
1274:
1273:Kurt Lachmann
1270:
1262:
1258:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1145:
1141:
1138:and his son,
1137:
1134:UDR visit by
1132:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:Tudor Arghezi
1114:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1092:Octavian Goga
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1064:Ion Mihalache
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
985:Nicolae Iorga
982:
978:
974:
970:
965:
963:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
933:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
910:Gheorghe Manu
907:
903:
899:
895:
892:'s chapel in
891:
886:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
853:
841:
832:
830:
826:
821:
819:
815:
811:
807:
806:R. G. Waldeck
803:
800:
796:
791:
789:
785:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
759:Gheorghe Beza
756:
752:
748:
747:Romanian Jews
744:
740:
739:
733:
732:Petre Pandrea
728:
726:
722:
718:
714:
713:price ceiling
710:
706:
702:
701:1928 election
698:
694:
684:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
665:
660:
659:
654:
650:
646:
645:Elena Lupescu
642:
638:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
610:
608:
604:
603:Creditanstalt
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
527:
525:
521:
517:
516:Romanian Army
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
492:
490:
486:
485:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
378:Ion Antonescu
375:
374:Albert Göring
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
327:Elena Lupescu
324:
321:
317:
316:
311:
307:
303:
299:
294:
292:
291:Creditanstalt
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
227:
223:
219:
216:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
190:
187:
183:
177:
173:
169:
164:
163:
159:
155:
149:
145:
141:
140:New York City
132:
128:
125:
121:
109:
105:
100:
96:
90:
85:
81:
77:
71:
66:
63:
59:
53:
48:
45:
42:Executive of
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
5621:Arms traders
5543:
5528:
5511:
5501:
5494:
5474:
5468:
5448:
5441:
5424:
5406:
5399:
5396:Ion Lapedatu
5387:
5366:
5357:
5350:
5343:
5325:
5307:
5286:
5279:
5261:
5240:
5223:
5205:
5196:
5190:
5167:
5162:
5154:
5148:
5143:
5134:
5124:
5119:
5110:
5102:
5098:
5090:
5080:
5075:
5070:, April 2010
5065:
5056:
5048:
5043:
5034:
5025:
5017:
5012:
5003:
4995:
4990:
4981:
4972:
4963:
4955:
4950:
4940:
4927:
4917:
4912:
4904:
4899:
4891:
4886:
4881:Savin, p. 61
4865:
4850:
4845:
4840:Savin, p. 60
4836:
4826:
4821:
4813:
4804:
4796:
4791:
4782:
4772:
4760:
4752:
4741:
4720:
4710:
4705:
4696:
4687:
4678:
4669:
4660:
4652:
4647:
4639:
4634:
4626:
4610:
4605:
4597:
4584:Rusnac, p. 9
4580:
4572:
4567:
4559:
4554:
4534:
4529:
4520:
4511:
4496:
4491:
4481:
4476:
4468:
4443:
4438:
4429:
4419:
4407:
4397:
4392:
4383:
4374:
4364:
4356:
4347:
4338:
4333:, April 2014
4330:
4274:
4269:
4259:
4240:
4230:
4203:
4194:
4186:
4181:
4159:Final Report
4158:
4154:
4117:
4109:
4101:
4096:
4088:
4083:
4075:
4057:
4052:
4047:, March 2012
4044:
4021:
4016:
4008:
4003:
3978:
3969:
3960:
3951:
3941:
3933:
3925:
3905:
3896:
3886:
3883:Ioan Lăcustă
3878:
3869:
3860:
3851:
3842:
3837:Gârlan, p. 8
3815:
3806:
3797:
3775:
3767:
3758:
3749:
3730:
3722:
3713:
3704:
3695:
3674:
3665:
3655:
3650:
3635:
3630:
3621:
3611:
3579:
3574:
3565:
3556:
3547:
3537:
3516:
3511:
3496:
3491:
3481:
3476:
3468:
3463:
3455:
3451:
3446:
3438:
3433:
3425:
3420:
3410:
3404:
3395:
3387:
3382:
3373:
3358:
3353:
3343:
3338:
3330:
3325:
3317:
3312:
3304:
3300:
3295:
3271:
3266:
3257:
3248:
3239:
3231:
3227:
3222:
3217:, March 2017
3214:
3187:
3163:
3158:
3150:
3145:
3136:
3116:
3099:
3080:
3075:
3067:
3062:
3050:
3042:
3022:
3017:
3008:
2999:
2991:
2986:
2976:
2971:
2962:
2953:
2944:
2935:
2925:
2905:
2885:
2880:
2872:
2867:
2859:
2854:
2844:
2839:
2831:
2826:
2816:
2793:
2789:
2769:
2744:
2739:
2720:
2712:
2703:
2695:
2690:
2669:
2631:
2607:
2595:
2576:
2531:
2515:
2465:Cuvântul Nou
2464:
2459:
2451:
2423:
2402:
2394:
2378:
2356:
2351:
2341:
2336:
2312:
2290:
2241:
2217:
2198:
2140:
2129:
2110:
2105:
2098:Radu Tudoran
2093:
2085:
2077:
2071:
2061:
2039:
2031:Fifth Avenue
2016:
2010:
1980:
1964:
1956:Piața Romană
1949:
1944:
1937:
1915:
1909:
1895:
1878:high treason
1871:
1859:nationalized
1824:
1808:
1789:
1785:Astra Brașov
1774:
1752:
1722:
1698:
1674:
1667:
1629:
1605:Ștefan Foriș
1598:
1570:
1556:
1522:
1502:Swiss francs
1493:
1489:
1478:
1449:
1421:
1403:
1390:
1388:
1376:philosemites
1367:
1357:
1337:
1333:Radu Tudoran
1325:
1320:Adolf Hitler
1315:
1305:
1303:
1276:
1266:
1230:
1226:
1222:Viorel Tilea
1183:
1172:
1164:Nazi Germany
1149:
1120:
1112:
1102:
1100:
1074:ambassador,
1061:
1056:
1040:
1031:'s calls to
1021:Lupist Party
1018:
971:parishes in
966:
948:
934:
887:
863:
822:
792:
774:
770:
766:
736:
729:
708:
690:
662:
656:
634:
625:
611:
595:Astra Brașov
572:
528:
493:
482:
452:
411:
396:
366:World War II
362:Nazi Germany
351:
331:anti-fascism
313:
295:
246:
242:
238:
234:
233:
160:
135:(1957-01-18)
88:
79:Constituency
69:
51:
5586:1959 deaths
5581:1888 births
5067:Vanity Fair
4933:Dan Ciachir
4746:(in French)
4562:, pp. 96–98
4122:Ivan R. Dee
4114:Radu Ioanid
3534:Paul Cornea
3226:"Telefonul
2592:Petru Groza
2172:Gigi Becali
2054:Park Avenue
2027:Barbizon 63
1976:1941 pogrom
1940:Vasile Luca
1932:Park Avenue
1916:in absentia
1851:Ioan Pangal
1804:Mihai Ralea
1759:Third trial
1669:in absentia
1636:Iuliu Maniu
1549:Belu Zilber
1436:Petru Groza
1252:First trial
1210:Škoda Works
1186:Jovan Dučić
1168:racial laws
1053:Iuliu Maniu
1033:nationalize
941:liabilities
871:White Rajah
802:Ion G. Duca
779:Sandu Tudor
587:Škoda Works
518:during the
398:in absentia
354:racial laws
263:World War I
170:(1937–1938)
162:Independent
147:Nationality
5575:Categories
5531:. London:
5178:References
4232:Revista 22
2873:Calendarul
2860:Calendarul
2533:La Liberté
2092:'s novel,
2035:Cary Grant
2013:Securitate
1983:US Senator
1831:Ana Pauker
1372:police van
1348:show trial
1242:backgammon
1234:Hungarians
1029:Ernest Ene
937:foreclosed
755:scrap iron
751:Iron Guard
709:Calendarul
583:Anglophile
449:Beginnings
370:show trial
335:Iron Guard
259:sheet iron
253:. Born to
239:Ausschnitt
221:Occupation
210:Alma mater
113:1888-02-14
5533:Constable
5481:, 2011.
5413:, 2019.
5373:, 2001.
5332:, 2006.
5314:, 2016.
5293:, 1990.
5268:, 2005.
5247:, 2002.
5212:, 2015.
5210:CEU Press
5155:Háromszék
4651:Schuyler
4638:Schuyler
4609:Schuyler
4596:Schuyler
4571:Schuyler
4533:Schuyler
4169:, 2004.
4128:, 2000.
3924:, in the
3737:, 2009.
3518:Universul
2727:, 1995.
2630:, in the
1998:Michael I
1815:The Hague
1720:in 1946.
1514:Cotroceni
1494:Something
1404:camarilla
1391:camarilla
1368:camarilla
1316:camarilla
1175:self-coup
1121:Universul
1104:Universul
1072:Francoist
1057:camarilla
949:camarilla
918:Bucharest
914:Dorobanți
906:godfather
894:Timișoara
797:murdered
767:Siguranța
738:Siguranța
717:schilling
664:camarilla
484:entrepôts
463:Sephardic
444:Biography
386:Holocaust
315:camarilla
269:(UDR) of
185:Relations
175:Spouse(s)
165:(to 1937)
93:1937–1938
89:In office
74:1929–1933
70:In office
52:In office
5344:Danubius
5243:. Iași:
5082:Scînteia
5020:, p. 337
4919:Scînteia
4907:, p. 130
4774:Adevărul
4655:, p. 124
4642:, p. 277
4613:, p. 143
4600:, p. 395
4537:, p. 264
4469:Historia
4421:Adevărul
4331:Historia
4045:Historia
4009:Ardealul
3412:Adevărul
3215:Historia
3165:Adevărul
3083:. Iași:
2846:Adevărul
2818:Cuvântul
2717:Z. Ornea
2577:Historia
2516:Historia
2292:Adevărul
2176:crucifix
2090:I. Peltz
2062:Scînteia
1968:Biarritz
1945:Scînteia
1911:Scînteia
1841:such as
1737:crouchen
1718:Red Army
1351:million
1244:against
1196:and the
1136:Carol II
973:Hăuzești
969:Orthodox
957:Aga Khan
771:Credința
703:and the
568:Zaharoff
560:hectares
412:The new
323:Carol II
243:Auschnit
201:Children
152:American
150:Romanian
5564:of the
5560:in the
5535:, 1943.
5442:Minimum
5245:Polirom
4996:Carpica
4167:Polirom
4161:of the
3085:Polirom
2452:Ce Soir
2426:, p. 96
2379:Mundial
2357:Tribuna
1891:Zionist
1771:in 1948
1731:of the
1613:Hungary
1045:autarky
1037:tariffs
548:Armeniș
471:Galicia
5518:
5485:
5455:
5431:
5417:
5377:
5336:
5318:
5297:
5272:
5251:
5230:
5216:
5049:et al.
5047:Dobre
5018:et al.
5016:Dobre
4905:et al.
4903:Békés
4857:
4653:et al.
4640:et al.
4611:et al.
4598:et al.
4573:et al.
4560:et al.
4558:Békés
4535:et al.
4503:
4281:
4173:
4132:
4124:&
3741:
3642:
3503:
3454:", in
3388:Opinia
3365:
3230:", in
3228:Unirii
3091:
3057:, 1985
2800:
2790:et al.
2731:
2602:, 1945
2424:et al.
2422:Békés
2068:Legacy
1741:caviar
1714:SovRom
1644:Aleppo
1455:, the
1202:Poland
1049:Sovata
1025:Eforie
977:Săceni
962:tokens
953:Sinaia
630:Monaco
605:, and
564:Nădrag
550:, and
504:London
500:Vienna
479:Galați
298:Senate
271:Reșița
247:Aușnit
120:Galați
5542:, in
5064:, in
4939:, in
4812:, in
4771:, in
4751:, in
4467:, in
4418:, in
4329:, in
4229:, in
4076:Steel
4043:, in
3345:Lupta
3213:, in
2768:, in
2575:, in
2514:, in
2289:, in
2216:, in
2182:Notes
2163:Lugoj
1660:Cairo
1652:Egypt
1621:Ianca
556:acres
552:Bocșa
544:Anina
532:Banat
469:from
5516:ISBN
5483:ISBN
5453:ISBN
5429:ISBN
5415:ISBN
5375:ISBN
5334:ISBN
5316:ISBN
5295:ISBN
5270:ISBN
5249:ISBN
5228:ISBN
5214:ISBN
4855:ISBN
4501:ISBN
4279:ISBN
4171:ISBN
4130:ISBN
4102:Țara
4022:Țara
3739:ISBN
3640:ISBN
3501:ISBN
3363:ISBN
3089:ISBN
2798:ISBN
2729:ISBN
2037:."
1900:and
1739:and
1677:Deva
1551:and
1490:Țara
1291:Axis
1154:and
999:and
975:and
879:Cluj
773:and
697:Deva
436:and
320:King
308:and
130:Died
107:Born
5566:ZBW
2084:'s
1591:'s
591:lei
245:or
5577::
5527:,
5464:,
5398:,
5306:,
5260:,
5239:,
5187:,
4935:,
4874:^
4729:^
4618:^
4589:^
4542:^
4453:^
4313:^
4289:^
4249:^
4225:,
4212:^
4140:^
4116:,
4067:^
4029:^
3987:^
3914:^
3824:^
3785:^
3729:,
3683:^
3587:^
3526:^
3279:^
3195:^
3173:^
3126:^
3108:^
3049:,
3030:^
2915:^
2893:^
2808:^
2792:,
2777:^
2754:^
2719:,
2678:^
2655:^
2639:^
2616:^
2594:,
2584:^
2541:^
2523:^
2472:^
2431:^
2411:^
2386:^
2364:^
2322:^
2300:^
2251:^
2227:^
2206:^
2190:^
2104:,
1962:.
1853:,
1751:.
1476:.
1301:.
1248:.
1011:.
932:.
916:,
873:,
790:.
546:,
491:.
440:.
241:,
122:,
204:2
115:)
111:(
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