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men refused and were subsequently also arrested and sentenced to death. The men were executed by hanging and strung up on a tree at the entrance of the local cemetery. Simon had ordered that the bodies be left hanging for four days. On 17 April 1945 American tanks approached the village. The SS had declared
Brettheim a "cornerstone of the German defense" and prevented the hoisting of white flags. The Americans opened fire, and within a short time the village became a burning inferno. 17 civilians were killed.
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and had thrown them into the local pond. The boys reported this to their commanding officer SS-Sturmbannführer
Gottschalk, who had Hanselmann arrested. Gottschalk sentenced Hanselmann to death and asked the mayor of Brettheim, Gackstatter, and the teacher Wolfmeyer to confirm the sentence. The two
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Simon was subsequently tried three times by West German courts for the killings in
Brettheim and other crimes, but, "to the horror of the West German public," was found not guilty. Simon died in 1961. Even in death, Simon caused some controversy, as
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268:. Simon was one of the first members of the SS in the early 1930s. He rose through the ranks of the SS, and became a corps commander during World War II. After the war, Simon was convicted for his role in the
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903:"In Brettheim: Der SS-General und brutale "Feldgendarm" Max Simon [In Brettheim: The SS general and brutal "military policeman" Max Simon]"
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sector, where it gained a reputation for stability although it suffered heavy losses during the battles in the
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343:(Second Lieutenant) in November 1934, until ordered to raise a new unit in 1935, 1st SS Totenkopfstandarte
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At the start of World War II, the SS Regiment was renamed in
October 1939. The 1st SS Totenkopfstandarte
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approaching
Austria were not blown up, as he believed there was no need as the end of the war was near.
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The SS Division
Reichsführer-SS was to be formed in Hungary from Simon's old regiment and the
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After the war, Max Simon was sentenced to death by a
British court for his part in the
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of the Waffen-SS and commander of 16. SS-Panzergrenadier-Division "Reichsführer-SS"
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Officer's
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and was later renamed the 5th Panzer
Grenadier regiment in 1943. During the
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behind the lines, perpetrating several major atrocities against civilians (
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of the Waffen-SS in the 16. SS-Panzergrenadier-Division "Reichsführer-SS"
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Germans convicted of war crimes committed in Italy during World War II
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2019:
Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
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In
November 1944, Simon was promoted and was given command of the
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This article is about the SS-Gruppenführer. For other uses, see
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434:(Senior Colonel). In December 1942 Simon was promoted again to
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In July 1941, Simon took part in the invasion of Soviet Union,
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954:(in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall.
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Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945
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On 1 May 1945 the Corps surrendered to the American forces.
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16:
German SS general and convicted war criminal (1899–1961)
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as the 16th Cavalry Regiment and Simon was promoted to
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1911:
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Recipients of the Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)
2009:
Recipients of the clasp to the Iron Cross, 2nd class
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Prisoners sentenced to death by the British military
822:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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and commander of SS-Totenkopf-Infanterie-Regiment 1
391:, Simon led his regiment in the capture of Pixie,
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316:forces. His unit was later incorporated into the
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993:Knight's Cross and Oak Leaves Recipients 1941-45
973:(in German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio-Verlag.
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935:(in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas.
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621:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
288:. In 1917 he joined the army and served in the
260:(6 January 1899 – 1 February 1961) was a German
250:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
1994:Military personnel from the Province of Silesia
681:Valhalla's Warriors By Terry Goldsworthy, p.235
335:, and was assigned to the 47th SS-Standarte in
539:. On the orders of Simon the bridges over the
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407:and then advanced to the border with Spain.
971:Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 2: L–Z
950:Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001).
519:and took part in heavy fighting around the
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882:Learn how and when to remove this message
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952:Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Band II
383:, as the 1st Panzer Grenadier Regiment
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1889:Jurisdictional Immunities of the State
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304:. At the end of the war he joined the
1879:Palazzo Cesi-Gaddi war crimes archive
1857:Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz
1850:Biblioteca della Comunità Israelitica
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785:Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 446.
1959:German Army personnel of World War I
820:adding citations to reliable sources
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632:Oak Leaves on 28 October 1944 as SS-
480:. The XIII SS Corps deployed to the
2014:Recipients of the Gold German Cross
1974:German prisoners sentenced to death
1616:SS Police Regiment Alpine Foothills
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457:. The division also fought against
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264:commander and war criminal during
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911:(in German). 2010. Archived from
1954:20th-century Freikorps personnel
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1884:Bilateral Compensation Agreement
1415:SS Volunteer Karstwehr Battalion
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693:German Order of Battle, Volume 3
648:in Gold on 9 October 1944 as SS-
503:where it started to destroy the
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1984:Military personnel from Wrocław
1150:Monchio, Susano and Costrignano
807:needs additional citations for
507:bridges. In April 1945 between
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1574:1st Fallschirm-Panzer Division
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559:Brettheim is a village in the
463:Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre
359:of Austria, the occupation of
355:. In 1938 he took part in the
353:Sachsenburg concentration camp
274:Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre
1:
2039:Nazis convicted of war crimes
1626:SS Police Regiment Schlanders
1594:20th Luftwaffe Field Division
1589:19th Luftwaffe Field Division
1492:90th Panzergrenadier Division
1462:29th Panzergrenadier Division
1447:15th Panzergrenadier Division
706:Williamson & Bujeiro 2005
660:
1969:German murderers of children
1437:3rd Panzergrenadier Division
1019:"Der Spiegel berichtete ..."
447:Sturmbrigade Reichsführer SS
7:
1410:SS Division Reichsführer-SS
747:Frankfurter Allgemeine 2010
523:– Colombia line and around
440:SS Division Reichsführer-SS
197:SS Division Reichsführer-SS
10:
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1744:Italian military internees
991:; Bujeiro, Ramiro (2005).
719:"Die Männer von Brettheim"
367:and the occupation of the
327:In May 1933 he joined the
21:Max Simon (disambiguation)
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1621:SS Police Regiment Bozen
1087:Nazi war crimes in Italy
929:Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer
767:Fellgiebel 2000, p. 401.
561:Schwäbisch Hall district
2004:Prussian Army personnel
1673:2nd Division "Littorio"
1663:Republican Police Corps
1641:20th SS Police Regiment
1636:15th SS Police Regiment
1631:12th SS Police Regiment
1547:362nd Infantry Division
1542:356th Infantry Division
1537:334th Infantry Division
1532:305th Infantry Division
1527:278th Infantry Division
1522:232nd Infantry Division
1517:162nd Turkoman Division
1512:148th Infantry Division
1220:San Leonardo al Frigido
776:Fellgiebel 2000, p. 91.
691:Mitcham, Samuel W. Jr.
615:Clasp to the Iron Cross
517:4th US Armored Division
515:it came up against the
312:and fought against the
1903:The Holocaust in Italy
1668:Italian Black Brigades
1584:4th Parachute Division
1579:2nd Parachute Division
1569:1st Parachute Division
1502:94th Infantry Division
1497:92nd Infantry Division
1487:71st Infantry Division
1482:65th Infantry Division
1477:44th Infantry Division
1467:34th Infantry Division
1324:Eberhard von Mackensen
969:Thomas, Franz (1998).
908:Frankfurter Allgemeine
603:Frankfurter Allgemeine
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347:and given the rank of
1964:German mass murderers
1784:Roderick Stephen Hall
1764:Leonardo de Benedetti
1442:5th Mountain Division
1250:San Martino di Lupari
1200:Sant'Anna di Stazzema
1043:ns-taeter-italien.org
585:War crimes conviction
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547:Killings in Brettheim
385:SS Division Totenkopf
193:SS Division Totenkopf
1831:Risiera di San Sabba
1507:114th Jäger Division
1457:26th Panzer Division
1452:16th Panzer-Division
1279:Heinrich Andergassen
816:improve this article
758:Thomas 1998, p. 326.
471:German Cross in Gold
412:Operation Barbarossa
339:and was promoted to
302:Iron Cross 2nd class
300:, being awarded the
238:Operation Barbarossa
162:Imperial German Army
2034:Waffen-SS personnel
1472:42nd Jäger Division
1284:Friedrich Boßhammer
1210:Padule di Fucecchio
915:on December 9, 2015
591:Marzabotto massacre
570:Wehrkraftzersetzung
484:region against the
473:, in October 1944.
467:Marzabotto massacre
270:Marzabotto massacre
1821:Borgo San Dalmazzo
1774:Giovanni Fornasini
1354:Josef Scheungraber
1225:Certosa di Farneta
989:Williamson, Gordon
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650:Gruppenführer
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1734:Italian Jews
1363:
1344:Walter Reder
1339:Walter Rauff
1263:Perpetrators
1190:Piazza Tasso
1185:Guardistallo
1130:Pietransieri
1046:. Retrieved
1042:
1026:. Retrieved
1021:
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917:. Retrieved
913:the original
906:
895:Bibliography
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814:Please help
809:verification
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280:Early career
266:World War II
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227:World War II
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207:Battles/wars
138:Nazi Germany
109:(until 1918)
85:West Germany
76:(1961-02-01)
1949:1961 deaths
1944:1899 births
1757:Individuals
1739:Libyan Jews
1329:Kurt Mälzer
1271:Individuals
1180:Capistrello
1170:Vallucciole
1039:"Max Simon"
1022:Der Spiegel
831:"Max Simon"
729:30 November
725:(in German)
535:and around
424:Stalin Line
369:Sudetenland
296:and on the
211:World War I
141:(1933–1945)
125:(1918–1933)
1938:Categories
1789:Primo Levi
1374:Karl Titho
1230:Marzabotto
1048:2024-07-18
995:. Osprey.
919:2 December
842:newspapers
661:References
627:Oberführer
501:Palatinate
432:Oberführer
381:Oberbayern
345:Oberbayern
333:Nazi Party
318:Reichswehr
91:Allegiance
54:1899-01-16
1928:Biography
1900:See also:
1608:SS Police
1561:Luftwaffe
1397:Waffen-SS
1364:Max Simon
1309:Karl Hass
1155:Ardeatine
1095:Massacres
931:(2000) .
872:June 2016
666:Citations
529:Nuremberg
459:partisans
455:Apennines
418:, taking
357:Anschluss
306:Freikorps
294:Macedonia
258:Max Simon
216:Macedonia
173:Waffen-SS
30:Max Simon
1867:Post-war
1696:Doctrine
1165:Fragheto
525:Würzburg
499:and the
497:Saarland
482:Lorraine
420:Kraslava
405:Bordeaux
331:and the
272:and the
1841:Looting
1826:Fossoli
1816:Bolzano
1720:Victims
1655:Italian
1195:Piavola
1160:Ameglia
1120:Caiazzo
1028:24 June
856:scholar
397:Orléans
365:Moravia
361:Bohemia
310:Silesia
286:Breslau
61:Breslau
1914:Portal
1727:Groups
1125:Pisino
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609:Awards
537:Munich
533:Danube
521:Tauber
314:Polish
246:Awards
159:
150:Branch
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119:
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1808:Camps
1388:Units
1215:Vinca
1110:Boves
863:JSTOR
849:books
513:Jagst
505:Rhine
401:Tours
81:Lünen
1429:Army
1243:1945
1175:Lipa
1143:1944
1103:1943
1030:2014
997:ISBN
975:ISBN
956:ISBN
937:ISBN
921:2015
835:news
731:2013
652:and
636:and
599:HIAG
541:Isar
527:and
511:and
509:Main
465:and
451:Arno
403:and
393:Lyon
363:and
337:Gera
189:Unit
179:Rank
71:Died
48:Born
818:by
563:of
308:in
1940::
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