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1024:. They appointed only one small population group (the 66 Lacandon families) as tenants (thus creating the Lacandon Community), thereby displacing 2000 Tzeltal and Chʼol families from 26 communities, and leaving non-Lacandon communities dependent on the government for granting their rights to land. In the decades that followed the government carried out numerous programs to keep the problems in the region under control, using land distribution as a political tool; as a way of ensuring loyalty from different campesino groups. This strategy of
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was overturned by the constitutional court on May 20, 2013, over alleged irregularities in the handling of the case. The ex-president appeared in court again on
January 5, 2015, amongst protest from his lawyers regarding his health conditions and on August 25, 2015, it was deliberated that a re-trial of the 2013 proceedings could find Ríos Montt guilty or not, but that the sentence would be suspended. Ríos Montt died on April 1, 2018, of a heart attack.
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discussion of how places on Roatan Island, Honduras, have become increasingly "Mayanized" over the past decade. As tour operators and developers continue to invent an idealized Maya past for the island, non-Maya archaeological remains and cultural patrimony are constantly being threatened and destroyed. While heritage tourism provides economic opportunities for some, it can devalue contributions made by less familiar groups.
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683:", but is identified by speakers and Yucatecos simply as "Maya". Among Maya speakers, Spanish is commonly spoken as a second or first language. There is a significant amount of confusion as to the correct terminology to use—Maya or Mayan—and the meaning of these words with reference to contemporary or pre-Columbian peoples, to Maya peoples in different parts of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and to languages or peoples.
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tourism, this alternative to mass tourism offers opportunities for place-based engagement that frames context for interaction by the lived space and everyday life of other peoples, as well as sites and objects of global historical significance. In this production of tourism the use of historic symbols, signs, and topics form a new side that characterizes a nation and can play an active role in nation building.
892:
710:. This norm has often been misinterpreted to mean that the people are also called Yucatec Maya; that term refers to only the language, and the correct name for the people is simply Maya (not Mayans). (Yucatec) Maya is one language in the Mayan language family. Confusion of the term Maya/Mayan as an ethnic label occurs because Maya women who use traditional dress identify by the ethnic term
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362:"Maya" is a modern collective term for the peoples of the region; however, the term was not historically used by the indigenous populations themselves. There was no common sense of identity or political unity among the distinct populations, societies and ethnic groups because they each had their own particular traditions, cultures and historical identity.
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693:"Ahau was the katun when they founded the cah of Mayapan; they were called Maya men. In 8 Ahau their lands were destroyed and they were scattered throughout the peninsula. Six katun after they were destroyed they ceased to be called Maya; 11 Ahau was the name of the katun when the Maya men ceased to be called Maya were called Christians."
1534:, who is associated with the subterranean force of masculine fertility and prostitution. Always depicted in black, he wears a black hat and sits on a chair, often with a cigar placed in his mouth and a gun in his hand, with offerings of tobacco, alcohol, and Coca-Cola at his feet. The locals know him as San Simon of Guatemala.
1402:'s presidency (1982–1983). Ríos Montt instituted a campaign of state terror intended to destroy the Mayas in the name of countering "communist subversion" and ridding the country of its indigenous culture. This was also known as Operation Sofia. Within Operation Sofia, the military followed through with
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Historically, the population in the eastern half of the peninsula was less affected by and less integrated than the western half. In the 21st century in the Yucatán
Peninsula (Mexican states of Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo), between 750,000 and 1,200,000 people speak Mayan. However, three times
745:
to conquer the Yucatán failed. His son, Francisco de
Montejo the Younger, fared almost as badly when he first took over: while invading Chichen Itza, he lost 150 men in a single day. European diseases, massive recruitment of native warriors from Campeche and Champoton, and internal hatred between the
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In
Guatemala, the Spanish colonial pattern of keeping the native population legally separate and subservient continued well into the 20th century. This resulted in many traditional customs being retained, as the only other option than traditional Maya life open to most Maya was entering the westeren
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The
Yucatec Maya (many of whom came from Yucatán, Mexico to escape the Caste War of the 1840s) there have been evidence of several Yucatec Maya groups living by the Yalbac area of Belize and in the Orange Walk district near the present day Lamanai at the time the British reach. The Mopan (indigenous
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districts, but they are scattered throughout the country. The Maya are thought to have been in Belize and the Yucatán region since the second millennium BC. Much of Belize's original Maya population died as a result of new infectious diseases and conflicts between tribes and with
Europeans. They are
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On
January 26, 2012, former president Ríos Montt was formally indicted in Guatemala for overseeing the massacre of 1,771 civilians of the Ixil Maya group and appeared in court for genocide and crimes against humanity for which he was then sentenced to 80 years in prison on May 10, 2013. This ruling
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With this type of tourism, people argue that ethno-commerce may open unprecedented opportunities for creating value of various kinds. Tourists travel with cultural expectations, which has created a touristic experience sometimes faced with the need to invent traditions of artificial and contrived
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The Qʼeqchiʼ live in lowland areas of Alta Vera Paz, Peten, and
Western Belize. Over the course of the succeeding centuries a series of land displacements, re-settlements, persecutions and migrations resulted in a wider dispersal of Qʼeqchiʼ communities, into other regions of Guatemala (Izabal,
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In the course of the 20th century, and increasingly in the 1950s and 1960s, other people (mainly the Maya and subsistence peasants from the highlands), also entered into the
Lacandon region; initially encouraged by the government. This immigration led to land-related conflicts and an increasing
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Global tourism is now considered one of the largest scale movement of goods, services, and people in history and a significant catalyst for economic development and sociopolitical change. Estimated that between 35 and 40 per cent of tourism today is represented by cultural tourism or heritage
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An example of this can be seen in "Mayanizing
Tourism on Roatan Island, Honduras: Archaeological Perspectives on Heritage, Development, and Indignity." Alejandro J. Figueroa et al., combine archaeological data and ethnographic insights to explore a highly contested tourism economy in their
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There is often a relationship between cultural heritage, tourism, and a national identity. In the case of the Maya, the many national identities have been constructed because of the growing demands placed on them by cultural tourism. By focusing on lifeways through costumes, rituals, diet,
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Persons use a strategy of ethnic identification that Juan Castillo Cocom refers to as "ethnoexodus"—meaning that ethnic self-identification as Maya is quite variable, situational, and articulated not to processes of producing group identity, but of escaping from discriminatory processes of
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is a dramatic work consisting of dance and text that is preserved as it was originally represented. It is thought to date from the 15th century and narrates the mythical and dynastic origins of the Toj Kʼicheʼ rulers of Rabinal, and their relationships with neighboring Kʼicheʼ of
876:, with groups in San Francisco; San Rafael; Chino; Pasadena; Santa Ana; Garden Grove; Inglewood; Los Angeles; Thousand Oaks; Oxnard; San Fernando Valley and Whittier. Maya language is taught at the college and graduate level; beginning, intermediate, and advanced courses in
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which allowed them to destroy whole villages, including killing livestock, destroying cultural symbols, destroying crops, and murdering civilians. In some areas, government forces killed about 40% of the total population; the campaign destroyed at least 626 Mayan villages.
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American literature. It is a compendium of Maya stories and legends, aimed to preserve Maya traditions. The first known version of this text dates from the 16th century and is written in Quiché transcribed in Latin characters. It was translated into Spanish by the
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to Belize but were forced out by the British; they returned from Guatemala to evade slavery in the 19th century), and Kekchi (also fled from slavery in Guatemala in the 19th century). The later groups are chiefly found in the Toledo District.
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We call this civilization "Maya", although the term would not have meant anything to the Mayas in Guatemala (it was a Yucatec Maya word) and there was never a common sense of identity or political unity among all the various groups we call
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oxlahun ahau u katunil u 13 he›cob cah mayapan: maya uinic u kabaob: uaxac ahau paxci u cabobi: ca uecchahi ti peten tulacal: uac katuni paxciob ca haui u maya-bulub ahau u kaba u katunil hauci u maya kabaob maya uinicob: christiano u
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in the beginning of the 18th century. Due to its combination of historical, mythical, and religious elements, it has been called the Maya Bible. It is a vital document for understanding the culture of Pre-Columbian America. The
1755:(born 1955), is a Mayan-Guatemalan artist. Cumez is inspired by Mayan tradition and culture and focuses on expressing the context of native women’s experience in her artwork; additionally, Cumez is inspired by the
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Quote taken from an interview with her by a representative of a Central American human rights organization (Riis-Hansen 1992). Menchú gave this interview shortly before she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
830:, and he was a doctor of medicine, then a professor of medicine before his political offices. He was first appointed as overseer of the state's rural medical system. He was the first governor of the modern
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The genocide against Mayan people took place throughout the whole civil war because indigenous people were seen as supporting the leftist guerillas, but most acts against humanity occurred during
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1322:, whose language is near extinction but whose agroforestry practices, including use of dietary and medicinal plants may still tell us much about pre-colonial management of the Maya lowlands.
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culture at the very bottom rung. Because of this many Guatemalan Maya, especially women, continue to wear traditional clothing, that varies according to their specific local identity.
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to be of full Maya ancestry. In the early 21st century, dozens of politicians, including deputies, mayors and senators, are of full or mixed Maya heritage from the Yucatán Peninsula.
679:. These people identify themselves as "Maya" with no further ethnic subdivision (unlike in the Highlands of Western Guatemala). They speak the language which anthropologists term "
1177:. The grand Museo de Historia de Tabasco chronicles the area from prehistoric times, while the Museo Regional de Antropología has exhibits on native Maya and Olmec civilizations.
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Maya families at that time signed documents to the Spanish royal family; surnames mentioned in those letters are Pech, Camal, Xiu, Ucan, Canul, Cocom, and Tun, among others.
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to form the unique syncretic religion which prevailed throughout the country and still does in the rural regions. Beginning from negligible roots prior to 1960, however,
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and dresses. Each village has its own distinctive pattern, making it possible to distinguish a person's home town. Women's clothing consists of a shirt and a long skirt.
841:), in Yucatán State there were 1.2 million Mayan speakers in 2009, representing just under 60% of the inhabitants. Due to this, the cultural section of the government of
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Petén, El Quiché). They are the 2nd largest ethnic Maya group in Guatemala (after the Kʼicheʼ) and one of the largest and most widespread throughout Central America.
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from 1960 to 1996 left more than 200,000 people dead, half a million driven from their homes, and at least 100,000 women raped; most of the victims were Maya.
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living in the United States of America have been organizing Maya language lessons and Maya cooking classes since 2003 in California and other states: clubs of
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was formed by members of this group, and today's Maya are generally descended from people who lived within that historical region. Today they inhabit southern
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1580:. It was declared a masterpiece of oral tradition of humanity by UNESCO in 2005. The 16th century saw the first native-born Guatemalan writers that wrote in
1920:"We are not myths of the past, ruins in the jungle or zoos. We are people and we want to be respected, not to be victims of intolerance and racism." –
1955:(1983), one of the first indie films ever produced, about two Maya siblings who immigrate illegally to the U.S. to escape the Maya genocide in Guatemala.
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The Yucatán's indigenous population was first exposed to Europeans after a party of Spanish shipwreck survivors came ashore in 1511. One of the sailors,
1020:. To halt the migration, the government decided in 1971 to declare a large part of the forest (614,000 hectares, or 6140 km) a protected area: the
4831:
3272:
Chiappari, Christopher L. (March 2002). "Toward a Maya Theology of Liberation: The Reformulation of a 'Traditional' Religion in the Global Context".
2439:(PhD. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Harvard University) Advisors Mathews, Peter, and Gordon R. Willey. (1990). See. Lincoln, Charles E.,
2332:"National Salvadoran Indigenous Coordination Council (CCNIS) and CONCULTURA (National Council for Art and Culture at the Ministry of Education )"
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handicrafts, language, housing, or other features, the identity of the economy shifts from the sale of labor to that of the sale of culture.
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cultures of the nations in which they reside, while others continue a more traditional, culturally distinct life, often speaking one of the
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that adopts much of the culture of Maya civilization, reflective in the club's name, the club's patch, and the terminology used by members.
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1963:(2006), an adventure film directed and produced by Mel Gibson, set around the time of European contact with all of the dialogue spoken in
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1208:. The largest Maya populations are found in the western highlands where they make up the majority of populations in the departments of
1205:
3296:(2006). "Maya Today – From Indios Deprived of Rights to the Maya Movement". In Nikolai Grube; Eva Eggebrecht; Matthias Seidel (eds.).
71:
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Bazo Vienrich, Alessandra (13 December 2018). "Indigenous Immigrants from Latin America (IILA): Racial/Ethnic Identity in the U.S.".
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movement and drew its strongest and earliest support from Chiapan Maya. Today its number of supporters is relevant. (see also the
725:, is reported to have taken up with a local woman and started a family; he became a war captain in the Postclassic Mayan state of
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2041:(2022), adventure film sequel with elements of the story of a superhuman Maya tribe with ancestors from the Mesoamerica jungle
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Wagner, Elizabeth (2006). "Maya Creation Myths and Cosmography". In Nikolai Grube; Eva Eggebrecht; Matthias Seidel (eds.).
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have managed to maintain numerous remnants of their ancient cultural heritage. Some are quite integrated into the majority
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more than that are of Maya origins, hold ancient Maya surnames, and do not speak Mayan languages as their first language.
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2443:, edited by Jeremy A. Sabloff and E. Wyllys Andrews V, pp. 141-156. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. (1986).
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Stronza, Amanda (October 2001). "Anthropology of Tourism: Forging New Ground for Ecotourism and Other Alternatives".
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The Chronology of Chichen Itza: A Review of the Literature. In Late Lowland Maya Civilization: Classic to Postclassic
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The Open School of Ethnography and Anthropology offers immersion Maya courses in a six-week intensive summer program
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1004:, a small population avoiding contact with outsiders until the late 20th century by living in small groups in the
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Castañeda, Quetzil E. (7 May 2008). "'We Are Not Indigenous!': An Introduction to the Maya Identity of Yucatan".
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2007:, a Maya language. It's an indie film that relates the life of a young woman in a traditional Maya village.
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1939:(1963), the first major motion picture that depicted a part of Maya history, in this case the conquest of
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1338:. It is represented by countless sites throughout Guatemala, although the largest concentration is in
1204:, indigenous people of Maya descent comprise around 42% of the population. Many Maya still experience
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One of the largest groups of Maya live in the Yucatan Peninsula, which includes the Mexican states of
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into an encyclopedic article, rather than a list of quotations, please do so and remove this message.
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1353:. The Maya abandoned many of the cities of the central lowlands or were killed by a drought-induced
1217:
1169:. Tabasco is a Mexican state with a northern coastline fringing the Gulf of Mexico. In its capital,
938:, launched a rebellion against the Mexican state, Chiapas in January 1994, declared itself to be an
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and other urban centers, and mid-sized towns. The unique religion is reflected in the local saint,
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It is estimated that seven million Maya were living in this area at the start of the 21st century.
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1983:(2011), a documentary on the Maya of today and their fight to save their culture and environment.
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1387:, Province of Lecce (Italy), at the opening press conference of the International Forum of Peace.
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El "Pueblo Maya" lo constituyen actualmente algo menos de 6 millones de hablantes de 25 idiomas
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was for many years one of the regions of Mexico that was least touched by the reforms of the
777:, mentions a series of letters sent to the King of Spain in the 16th and 17th centuries. The
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Linguists refer to the Maya language as Yucatec or Yucatec Maya to distinguish it from other
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3471:"Mexicanization: A Survival Strategy for Guatemalan Mayans in the San Francisco Bay Area"
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Guatemalan girls in their traditional clothing from the town of Santa Catarina Palopó on
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1173:, Parque Museo la Venta is known for its zoo and colossal stone sculptures dating to the
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A large 19th-century revolt by the native Maya people of Yucatán (Mexico), known as the
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3419:. Eva Eggebrecht and Matthias Seidel (assistant). Cologne: Könemann. pp. 130–143.
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was conquered by 1570. In 1542, the western Yucatán Peninsula also surrendered to him.
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1576:. The Rabinal Achí is performed during the Rabinal festival of January 25, the day of
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Xiu Maya and the lords of Cocom eventually turned the tide for Montejo the Younger.
45:"Mayas" redirects here. For the Indonesian ethnic group also known as "May-as", see
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leader who refused to give way to the conquistadors in Guatemala and was slain by
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1745:(1874–1924), Mexican journalist and politician, governor of the Mexican state of
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2981:"Guatemala court: former dictator can be tried for genocide – but not sentenced"
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Invading Guatemala : Spanish, Nahua, and Maya Accounts of the Conquest Wars
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2262:"Maya in the US – the Maya Heritage Community Project (By Alan LeBaron, PHD)"
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attractions, often developed at the expense of local tradition and meanings.
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1342:. This period is characterized by urbanisation, the emergence of independent
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led to great disaffection and tensions among population groups in the region.
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This article is about the ethnic group. For the historical civilization, see
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According to the National Institute of Geography and Informatics (Mexico's
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3364:. Commission for the Defense of Human Rights in Central America (CODEHUCA)
3046:"Efraín Ríos Montt, Guatemalan Dictator Convicted of Genocide, Dies at 91"
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1012:) and moved into the Lacandon rain-forest at the end of the 18th century.
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2638:"Perfil estadístico de género y pueblos: maya, garífuna, xinka y ladino"
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2227:"Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas. México"
2015:(2019), a horror film addressing the genocide of the Maya in Guatemala.
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or Ah Kin Chi (died c. 1541), general-in-chief of the army and king of
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1371:
1264:
1017:
1008:. These Lacandon Maya came from the Campeche/Petén area (north-east of
873:
534:
529:
4720:
4114:
3469:
Castañeda, Xóchitl; Manz, Beatriz; Davenport, Allison (30 June 2017).
3381:
Indigenous Movements and Their Critics: Pan-Maya Activism in Guatemala
2214:
1646:
1592:
1531:
1185:
5019:
4858:
4770:
4730:
4558:
4084:
4005:
3709:
2749:
The Origins and Dynamics of Genocide: Political Violence in Guatemala
2603:
2577:
El Universal, el periódico de México líder en noticias y clasificados
2100:
2029:, both FX series, created by Kurt Sutter, feature a fictional Latino
1830:
1756:
1708:
1704:
1682:
1663:
1546:
1343:
1201:
807:
489:
366:
344:
144:
109:
81:
46:
4725:
3919:
3557:
1424:
845:
began on-line classes for grammar and proper pronunciation of Maya.
5174:
5054:
4760:
4694:
4578:
4543:
4351:
4211:
4196:
4179:
4174:
3763:
3327:
2669:, Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, 38
2437:
Ethnicity and Social Organization at Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico.
2350:"Honduras - World Directory of Minorities & Indigenous Peoples"
1501:
1311:
778:
668:
403:
386:
356:
234:
125:
3914:
3547:"Living Across Borders: Guatemala Maya Immigrants in the US South"
3188:
Cultural Heritage: Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies
2248:"Living Across Borders: Guatemala Maya Immigrants in the US South"
2151:
5179:
5024:
4689:
4598:
4538:
4497:
4487:
4447:
4241:
4206:
4099:
3670:
2115:
1999:
1162:
1103:
1009:
927:
895:
Maya populations in Chiapas. The area officially assigned to the
784:
753:
394:
3924:
826:
of the state of Yucatán from 1976 to 1982. Luna-Kan was born in
5059:
4593:
4462:
4457:
4191:
4139:
4104:
3909:
3070:
1810:
1790:
1505:
1354:
1082:
891:
857:
676:
378:
370:
348:
340:
198:
162:
121:
113:
2588:
5184:
5029:
4603:
4467:
4236:
4221:
4169:
4079:
4069:
4064:
3939:
3239:
van Akkeren, Ruud (July 1999). "Sacrifice at the Maize Tree:
2899:"Guatemala's top court annuls Rios Montt genocide conviction"
2525:
Ambivalent Conquests: Maya and Spaniard in Yucatán, 1517–1570
1673:
1549:
is the most significant work of Guatemalan literature in the
1384:
838:
2680:"John Pohl's MESOAMERICA: CHRONOLOGY: MESOAMERICAN TIMELINE"
2482:. I09.cgpublisher.com (2009-06-05). Retrieved on 2014-04-27.
1975:(2008), a documentary on Maya ecotourism in southern Belize.
3904:
3877:
2188:
The Maya Tropical Forest: People, Parks, and Ancient Cities
1497:
943:
315:
312:
804:, particularly in terms of trading with British Honduras.
285:
3203:
Global Tourism: Cultural Heritage and Economic Encounters
3411:
Voss, Alexander (2006). "Astronomy and Mathematics". In
3344:
The Maya World. Yucatecan Culture and Society, 1550–1850
3156:"Mauritian Landscapes of Culture, Identity, and Tourism"
3014:"Genocide Retrial Is Set for Guatemalan Former Dictator"
37:"Mayans" redirects here. For the television series, see
2665:
Atran, Scott; Lois, Ximena; Ucan Ekʼ, Edilberto (2004)
2268:
1847:(born 1963), Mexican former baseball player and manager
1235:
The Maya people of the Guatemala highlands include the
3468:
1496:
The Maya people are known for their brightly colored,
729:. Later Spanish expeditions to the region were led by
27:
People of southern Mexico and northern Central America
2396:
2106:
Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas
1310:
The southeastern region of Guatemala (bordering with
4511:
2797:"Operation Sofia: Documenting Genocide in Guatemala"
2049:
2003:(2015), the first movie ever produced completely in
3359:
2422:OSEA, Open School of Ethnography and Anthropology.
1114:. These three Maya groups now inhabit the country.
309:
306:
2961:"Former Guatemala dictator faces genocide retrial"
2773:"Why you need to know about Guatemala's civil war"
2378:. Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 4.
1773:(1891–1985), Spanish-Kʼicheʼ artist from Guatemala
3499:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
3441:
2874:"Guatemala's Rios Montt found guilty of genocide"
2373:
2184:
1587:
1349:This lasted until approximately 900 AD, when the
1318:. The northern lowland Petén region includes the
5223:
4407:
3088:
1685:(fl. 1525), Maya merchant and regional ruler of
1526:has grown to become the predominant religion of
1346:, and contact with other Mesoamerican cultures.
741:in 1519. From 1528 to 1540, several attempts by
3545:Brown, William; Odem, Mary (16 February 2011).
3410:
2714:. University of New Mexico Press. p. 384.
2579:. El-universal.com.mx. Retrieved on 2014-04-27.
1672:(fl. c. 1300), Maya general and founder of the
800:was recognized as an independent nation by the
3375:
3292:
2547:. Boston, Massachusetts: Beacon. pp. xvi, 254.
2491:
2374:Restall, Matthew; Asselbergs, Florine (2007).
1334:civilization corresponds to the height of the
815:, is a Maya with the very common surname "Kan"
4832:
4393:
3573:
3507:
3300:. Cologne: Könemann Press. pp. 417–425.
2152:Lorenzo Ochoa; Patricia Martel(dir.) (2002).
1819:(born 1956), Guatemalan human rights activist
1779:(1925–2023), Mexican politician, governor of
644:
3274:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion
3201:Lyon, Sarah M.; Wells, E. Christian (2012).
2703:
2701:
2599:
2597:
2210:
2208:
2180:
2178:
1504:that are woven into capes, shirts, blouses,
1000:The most traditional of Maya groups are the
3238:
3076:
2591:. Indemaya.gob.mx. Retrieved on 2014-04-27.
1453:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
878:Maya have been taught at Indiana University
4839:
4825:
4400:
4386:
3580:
3566:
3325:
3089:Comaroff, John L.; Comaroff, Jean (2010).
2643:. Instituto Nacional de Estadística. 2010.
2516:
2514:
2407:sfn error: no target: CITEREFRestall2004 (
651:
637:
70:
3544:
3271:
3243:in its historical and symbolic context".
3200:
2698:
2613:. Yucatecos.org. Retrieved on 2014-04-27.
2594:
2452:
2424:"Maya or Mayans? On Correct Use of Terms"
2205:
2175:
2088:Indigenous peoples of the Americas portal
1838:(1959–2006), 'officer' of the autonomist
1553:, and one of the most important works of
1473:Learn how and when to remove this message
3138:
2926:
1645:
1599:
1591:
1536:
1484:
1370:
1297:
1184:
973:in the jungle, and in the south eastern
890:
806:
783:
752:
413:
284:
3446:. Cologne: Könemann. pp. 280–293.
3346:. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
3103:
3093:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
2511:
2402:
2147:
2145:
1928:
1859:(born 1971), Guatemalan social activist
1799:(born 1947), indigenous artist born in
1764:(1891–1969), Guatemalan painter of the
1611:A boy playing Maya trumpet opposite of
14:
5224:
3162:. Ashgate Publishing. pp. 51–64.
3011:
2480:Ethnoexodus: Maya Topographic Ruptures
2455:Journal of Latin American Anthropology
2316:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1635:
4820:
4381:
3587:
3561:
3444:Maya: Divine Kings of the Rain Forest
3417:Maya: Divine Kings of the Rain Forest
3362:"Interview with Rigoberta Menchu Tum"
3298:Maya: Divine Kings of the Rain Forest
3182:
3153:
2746:
1840:Zapatista Army of National Liberation
961:, in the highlands of the state, the
936:Zapatista Army of National Liberation
3338:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
2929:"Ríos Montt genocide case collapses"
2728:from the original on 23 January 2016
2707:
2185:Nations, James D. (1 January 2010).
2142:
1879:
1658:, on the day he assumed the kingship
1451:adding citations to reliable sources
1418:
1125:
1045:
965:concentrated in the lowlands around
409:
103:Regions with significant populations
5090:Descendants of Europeans (white or
2219:
1351:Classic Maya civilization collapsed
953:Maya groups in Chiapas include the
418:Map of Maya linguistic distribution
24:
5237:Indigenous culture of the Americas
3403:
2708:Gill, Richardson Benedict (2000).
2111:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
1730:(c. 1731–1761), Maya revolutionary
25:
5273:
3538:
3326:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
3190:. London: Routledge. p. 104.
2156:(in Spanish). UNAM. p. 170.
903:, which partly overlaps with the
108:Parts of modern-day countries of
76:Maya women in traditional dress,
4848:
4514:
3649:
3012:Malkin, Elisabeth (2015-08-25).
2987:. Associated Press. 2015-08-25.
2686:from the original on 8 July 2016
2492:Castillo Cocom, Juan A. (2007).
2421:
2080:
2066:
2052:
2023:and its sequel spin-off series,
1884:
1720:(c. 1531–1610), Maya noble from
1423:
1414:
1129:
1049:
618:
443:
302:
227:
209:
191:
173:
155:
137:
3231:
3219:
3194:
3176:
3160:Landscape, Tourism, and Meaning
3158:. In Knudsen, Daniel C. (ed.).
3147:
3132:
3118:10.1146/annurev.anthro.30.1.261
3097:
3082:
3038:
3005:
2973:
2953:
2920:
2891:
2866:
2842:
2813:
2789:
2765:
2740:
2672:
2659:
2647:
2630:
2616:
2582:
2570:
2550:
2537:
2485:
2473:
2446:
2415:
2367:
2342:
1022:Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve
901:Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve
718:sociocultural marginalization.
2324:
2279:
2038:Black Panther: Wakanda Forever
1853:(1964–2014), Guatemalan artist
1793:musician, singer, and composer
1654:presenting a crown to her son
1588:Maya cultural heritage tourism
1314:) includes groups such as the
1193:women in traditional dress in
13:
1:
3106:Annual Review of Anthropology
2667:Plants of the Peten Itza Maya
2560:: Stanford University Press,
2191:. University of Texas Press.
2136:
1865:(born 1981), Mexican linguist
1613:Palacio Nacional, Mexico City
1515:combined with the indigenous
1206:discrimination and oppression
94:
5262:Ethnic groups in El Salvador
4409:Indigenous peoples of Mexico
3360:Riis-Hansen, Anders (1992).
2905:. 2013-06-16. Archived from
1980:Heart of Sky, Heart of Earth
1736:(1820–1885), general in the
1180:
985:, also widely spoken in the
811:Former governor of Yucatán,
582:Spanish conquest of the Maya
7:
3475:Migraciones Internacionales
2624:"Belize Mission Collection"
2045:
1903:using the Transwiki process
1797:Luis Rolando Ixquiac Xicara
1360:
10:
5278:
5252:Ethnic groups in Guatemala
4302:Uaxaclajuun Ubʼaah Kʼawiil
3385:Princeton University Press
3143:. London: Wiley-Blackwell.
2777:Public Radio International
1694:(died c. 1524), legendary
1639:
1375:Human rights activist and
1364:
1325:
1121:
886:
97:More than 8 million (2018)
44:
36:
29:
5257:Ethnic groups in Honduras
5193:
5165:
5134:
5089:
5068:
5002:
4875:
4865:
4703:
4617:
4531:
4509:
4415:
4325:
4250:
4050:
3957:Annals of the Cakchiquels
3948:
3893:
3817:
3658:
3647:
3597:
3342:Restall, Matthew (1997).
3257:10.1017/s0956536199102104
2543:Restall, Matthew (1998).
2215:Resultados Del Censo 2018
1875:
1404:"scorched earth policies"
1041:
675:as well as the nation of
272:
267:
248:
243:
225:
207:
189:
171:
153:
135:
107:
102:
93:
88:
69:
62:
4876:Guatemalan native groups
4867:Ancestral background of
4416:More than 100,000 people
3139:Lefebvre, Henri (1974).
2558:The Caste War of Yucatán
2467:10.1525/jlca.2004.9.1.36
2275:UN Demographic Yearbooks
1947:, a famous Maya general.
1829:political activist from
1787:Armando Manzanero Canché
1596:Maya family from Yucatán
425:This article is part of
5247:Ethnic groups in Mexico
5242:Ethnic groups in Belize
4532:20,000 – 100,000 people
4317:Yuknoom Yichʼaak Kʼahkʼ
4277:Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat
3286:10.1111/1468-5906.00099
3154:Soper, Anne K. (2008).
3141:The Production of Space
2927:Agencies (2013-05-20).
2821:"Genocide in Guatemala"
2711:The Great Maya Droughts
2126:List of Mayan languages
1871:(born 1999), Footballer
1085:is concentrated in the
1081:The Maya population in
4855:Ancestry and ethnicity
4704:Less than 1,000 people
3489:(inactive 2024-09-04).
3487:10.17428/rmi.v1i3.1285
2850:"Justice in Guatemala"
2654:Republica de Guatemala
2154:Lengua y cultura mayas
2031:outlaw motorcycle club
1972:The Forgotten District
1743:Felipe Carrillo Puerto
1659:
1616:
1597:
1542:
1493:
1388:
1330:The Classic period of
1303:
1197:
989:. (See map. Note. The
924:
816:
789:
763:
695:
625:Mesoamerica portal
419:
293:
5135:Descendants of Asians
4618:1,000 – 20,000 people
4292:Kʼinich Yax Kʼukʼ Moʼ
4282:Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal
4041:Título de Totonicapán
3614:Classic Maya collapse
3335:Catholic Encyclopedia
2747:Brett, Roddy (2016).
2604:Bienvenidos / Welcome
2435:Lincoln, Charles E.,
2354:Minority Rights Group
2336:Minority Rights Group
1656:Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal
1649:
1610:
1595:
1541:Maximón, a Maya deity
1540:
1511:The Maya religion is
1488:
1374:
1301:
1188:
1161:The Mexican state of
894:
810:
787:
775:The Maya Conquistador
756:
686:
573:Classic Maya collapse
417:
325:ethnolinguistic group
289:The Maya area within
288:
4297:Kʼinich Yoʼnal Ahk I
4020:Ritual of the Bacabs
3681:Twin-pyramid complex
3329:"Maya Indians"
3079:, pp. 281, 288.
2556:Reed, Nelson (2002)
1929:Films and television
1738:Caste War of Yucatán
1642:Category:Maya people
1447:improve this section
1393:Guatemalan Civil War
1381:Rigoberta Menchú Tum
987:Guatemalan highlands
794:Caste War of Yucatán
4869:Guatemalan citizens
4262:Bʼalaj Chan Kʼawiil
4232:Xmucane and Xpiacoc
4027:Songs of Dzitbalché
3245:Ancient Mesoamerica
3205:. Rowman Altamira.
2626:. 14 December 2015.
1907:If the page can be
1895:is a candidate for
1636:Notable Maya people
1367:Guatemalan genocide
1302:Mayans in Guatemala
59:
5069:Guatemalan mestizo
5003:Former and extinct
4287:Kʼinich Yat Ahk II
4095:Howler monkey gods
3522:10.1111/soc4.12644
3050:The New York Times
3018:The New York Times
2854:nsarchive2.gwu.edu
2801:nsarchive2.gwu.edu
2656:. inforpressca.com
2609:2008-09-16 at the
2060:Mesoamerica portal
1777:Francisco Luna Kan
1724:, son of Napuc Chi
1718:Gaspar Antonio Chi
1660:
1617:
1598:
1543:
1494:
1389:
1304:
1198:
1195:Antigua, Guatemala
1175:Olmec civilization
1141:. You can help by
1061:. You can help by
932:Mexican Revolution
925:
897:Lacandon Community
856:are registered in
820:Francisco Luna-Kan
817:
813:Francisco Luna Kan
790:
764:
420:
351:, and westernmost
329:indigenous peoples
294:
57:
5219:
5218:
4814:
4813:
4375:
4374:
4312:Yuknoom Chʼeen II
4272:Itzam Kʼan Ahk II
3590:Maya civilization
3510:Sociology Compass
3394:978-0-691-05882-5
3352:978-0-8047-3658-9
3212:978-0-7591-2092-1
3169:978-0-7546-4943-4
2758:978-1-137-39767-6
2589:Noticias Indemaya
2545:Maya Conquistador
2198:978-0-292-77877-1
1991:(2012), starring
1988:Mayan Renaissance
1917:
1916:
1863:Hilario Chi Canul
1857:Jesús Tecú Osorio
1836:Comandanta Ramona
1762:Andrés Curruchich
1753:Paula Nicho Cumez
1700:Pedro de Alvarado
1608:
1564:Francisco Ximénez
1513:Roman Catholicism
1483:
1482:
1475:
1400:Efraín Ríos Montt
1391:The 36 year long
1377:Nobel Peace Prize
1336:Maya civilization
1159:
1158:
1102:divided into the
1079:
1078:
977:, the endangered
915:areas. Note. The
870:Las Vegas, Nevada
850:Yucatán Peninsula
848:Maya people from
832:Yucatán Peninsula
743:Francisco Montejo
661:
660:
436:Maya civilization
410:Yucatan Peninsula
375:Yucatán Peninsula
337:Maya civilization
283:
282:
32:Maya civilization
16:(Redirected from
5269:
5167:Afro-descendants
4853:
4852:
4851:
4841:
4834:
4827:
4818:
4817:
4630:Chichimeca Jonaz
4524:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4379:
4378:
4337:Lady Eveningstar
4329:
4254:
4054:
3897:
3821:
3653:
3619:Spanish conquest
3601:
3591:
3582:
3575:
3568:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3533:
3504:
3498:
3490:
3465:
3438:
3398:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3339:
3331:
3319:
3289:
3268:
3226:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3198:
3192:
3191:
3184:Smith, Laurajane
3180:
3174:
3173:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3086:
3080:
3077:van Akkeren 1999
3074:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3009:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2977:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2827:. Archived from
2817:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2705:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2676:
2670:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2620:
2614:
2601:
2592:
2586:
2580:
2574:
2568:
2554:
2548:
2541:
2535:
2521:Clendinnen, Inga
2518:
2509:
2508:
2498:
2494:"Maya Scenarios"
2489:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2450:
2444:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2315:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2298:
2292:. Archived from
2291:
2283:
2277:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2223:
2217:
2212:
2203:
2202:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2149:
2090:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2076:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2055:
1993:Rigoberta Menchú
1936:Kings of the Sun
1922:Rigoberta Menchú
1912:
1888:
1880:
1823:Rigoberta Menchú
1809:(c. 1949–2014),
1766:Kaqchikel people
1609:
1551:Kʼicheʼ language
1478:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1458:
1427:
1419:
1154:
1151:
1133:
1126:
1074:
1071:
1053:
1046:
1032:Chiapas conflict
1016:pressure on the
948:Chiapas conflict
723:Gonzalo Guerrero
702:
653:
646:
639:
623:
622:
621:
447:
437:
422:
421:
322:
321:
318:
317:
314:
311:
308:
233:
231:
230:
215:
213:
212:
197:
195:
194:
179:
177:
176:
167:1,475,575 (2000)
161:
159:
158:
149:7,140,503 (2018)
143:
141:
140:
96:
89:Total population
74:
60:
56:
21:
5277:
5276:
5272:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5222:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5189:
5161:
5130:
5085:
5064:
4998:
4877:
4871:
4861:
4849:
4847:
4845:
4815:
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4699:
4613:
4527:
4520:
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4411:
4406:
4376:
4371:
4362:Wak Chanil Ajaw
4327:
4321:
4252:
4246:
4052:
4046:
3944:
3895:
3889:
3861:Human sacrifice
3819:
3813:
3676:Triadic pyramid
3654:
3645:
3609:Preclassic Maya
3599:
3593:
3589:
3586:
3551:Southern Spaces
3541:
3536:
3492:
3491:
3454:
3427:
3406:
3404:Further reading
3401:
3395:
3367:
3365:
3324:Mooney, James,
3308:
3234:
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3224:
3220:
3213:
3199:
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2622:
2621:
2617:
2611:Wayback Machine
2602:
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2287:"Archived copy"
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2051:
2048:
2020:Sons of Anarchy
1952:El Norte (film)
1931:
1913:
1906:
1889:
1878:
1845:Juan Jose Pacho
1734:Crescencio Poot
1644:
1638:
1600:
1590:
1479:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1444:
1428:
1417:
1369:
1363:
1328:
1183:
1165:is home to the
1155:
1149:
1146:
1139:needs expansion
1124:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1059:needs expansion
1044:
1036:Lacandon Jungle
1029:
1026:divide and rule
1006:Lacandon Jungle
889:
828:Mérida, Yucatán
798:Chan Santa Cruz
771:Matthew Restall
757:Chichen Itza's
708:Mayan languages
704:
697:
692:
657:
619:
617:
610:
568:Preclassic Maya
435:
412:
400:Mayan languages
305:
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250:Mayan languages
228:
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5037:
5035:Lakandon Chʼol
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4309:
4307:Yoʼnal Ahk III
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3873:Social classes
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3735:Maritime trade
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3555:
3540:
3539:External links
3537:
3535:
3534:
3505:
3481:(3): 103–123.
3466:
3452:
3439:
3425:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3393:
3377:Warren, Kay B.
3373:
3356:
3355:
3340:
3321:
3320:
3306:
3294:Grube, Nikolai
3290:
3269:
3251:(2): 281–295.
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3218:
3211:
3193:
3175:
3168:
3146:
3131:
3112:(1): 261–283.
3096:
3091:Ethnicity, Inc
3081:
3069:
3052:. 2018-04-01.
3037:
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2646:
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2536:
2510:
2501:Kroeber Papers
2484:
2472:
2445:
2414:
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2366:
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2323:
2278:
2267:
2253:
2239:
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2204:
2197:
2174:
2162:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2121:Lakandon Chʼol
2118:
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2103:
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2092:
2091:
2077:
2063:
2047:
2044:
2043:
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2016:
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1866:
1860:
1854:
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1842:
1833:
1820:
1817:Rosalina Tuyuc
1814:
1804:
1801:Quetzaltenango
1794:
1784:
1774:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1740:
1731:
1725:
1715:
1702:
1689:
1680:
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1637:
1634:
1589:
1586:
1528:Guatemala City
1524:Pentecostalism
1481:
1480:
1431:
1429:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1365:Main article:
1362:
1359:
1327:
1324:
1226:Quetzaltenango
1182:
1179:
1157:
1156:
1136:
1134:
1123:
1120:
1077:
1076:
1056:
1054:
1043:
1040:
1030:(see also the
967:Las Margaritas
888:
885:
866:Salt Lake City
802:British Empire
773:, in his book
714:and not Maya.
685:
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335:. The ancient
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241:
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221:600,000 (2017)
219:
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185:500,000 (2011)
183:
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78:Quetzaltenango
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2:
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4522:Mexico portal
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4347:Lady of Tikal
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4342:Lady of Itzan
4340:
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4267:Haʼ Kʼin Xook
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4036:
4035:
4034:Título Cʼoyoi
4031:
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4017:
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3879:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3871:
3867:
3866:Death rituals
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
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3847:
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3661:
3657:
3652:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3596:
3592:
3583:
3578:
3576:
3571:
3569:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3552:
3548:
3543:
3542:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3506:
3502:
3496:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3453:3-8331-1957-8
3449:
3445:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3426:3-8331-1957-8
3422:
3418:
3414:
3413:Nikolai Grube
3409:
3408:
3396:
3390:
3386:
3383:. Princeton:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3363:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3336:
3330:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3307:3-8331-1957-8
3303:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3241:Rabʼinal Achi
3237:
3236:
3222:
3214:
3208:
3204:
3197:
3189:
3185:
3179:
3171:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3150:
3142:
3135:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3073:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3008:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2976:
2962:
2956:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2923:
2909:on 2013-06-16
2908:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2879:
2875:
2869:
2855:
2851:
2845:
2831:on 2018-05-05
2830:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2778:
2774:
2768:
2760:
2754:
2750:
2743:
2727:
2723:
2721:0-8263-2774-5
2717:
2713:
2712:
2704:
2702:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2668:
2662:
2655:
2650:
2639:
2633:
2625:
2619:
2612:
2608:
2605:
2600:
2598:
2590:
2585:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2566:0-8047-4001-1
2563:
2559:
2553:
2546:
2540:
2534:
2533:0-521-37981-4
2530:
2526:
2522:
2517:
2515:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2488:
2481:
2476:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2449:
2442:
2438:
2425:
2418:
2410:
2405:, p. 67.
2404:
2399:
2392:
2387:
2385:9780271027586
2381:
2377:
2370:
2355:
2351:
2345:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2319:
2313:
2299:on 2011-08-12
2295:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2271:
2263:
2257:
2249:
2243:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2200:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2181:
2179:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2155:
2148:
2146:
2141:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2078:
2075:
2074:Mexico portal
2064:
2061:
2050:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1910:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1881:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1825:(born 1959),
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:(1935–2020),
1788:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1771:Carlos Mérida
1769:
1767:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1728:Jacinto Canek
1726:
1723:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:, i. e.
1710:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1696:Kʼicheʼ Mayan
1693:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1594:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1555:Pre-Columbian
1552:
1548:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1517:Maya religion
1514:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1492:
1487:
1477:
1474:
1466:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1432:This section
1430:
1426:
1421:
1420:
1415:Maya heritage
1412:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:Huehuetenango
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1153:
1144:
1140:
1137:This section
1135:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1073:
1064:
1060:
1057:This section
1055:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
998:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
951:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
893:
884:
883:
880:since 2010.
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
862:Irving, Texas
859:
855:
851:
846:
844:
840:
835:
833:
829:
825:
821:
814:
809:
805:
803:
799:
795:
786:
782:
780:
776:
772:
768:
762:
761:
755:
751:
749:
744:
740:
737:in 1518, and
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
715:
713:
709:
703:
700:
694:
691:
684:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
665:Yucatán State
654:
649:
647:
642:
640:
635:
634:
632:
631:
626:
616:
615:
614:
613:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
588:
587:
586:
583:
580:
579:
574:
571:
569:
566:
565:
564:
563:
560:
557:
556:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
452:
451:
450:
446:
442:
441:
438:
433:
432:
428:
424:
423:
416:
407:
405:
402:as a primary
401:
397:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
320:
299:
292:
287:
279:
278:Maya religion
275:
271:
266:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
242:
239:33,256 (2013)
238:
236:
224:
220:
218:
206:
203:30,107 (2010)
202:
200:
188:
184:
182:
181:United States
170:
166:
164:
152:
148:
146:
134:
131:
127:
123:
119:
118:United States
115:
111:
106:
101:
92:
87:
83:
79:
73:
68:
61:
52:
48:
42:
41:
33:
19:
5232:Maya peoples
5040:Manche Chʼol
4879:
4776:Motozintleco
4549:Chontal Maya
4437:
4227:Vucub Caquix
4186:
4155:Ah-Muzen-Cab
4146:Post-Classic
4135:Moon goddess
4039:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4013:Rabinal Achí
4011:
4004:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3964:Chilam Balam
3962:
3955:
3788:
3666:Architecture
3550:
3513:
3509:
3495:cite journal
3478:
3474:
3443:
3416:
3380:
3366:. Retrieved
3343:
3333:
3297:
3280:(1): 47–67.
3277:
3273:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3232:Bibliography
3221:
3202:
3196:
3187:
3178:
3159:
3149:
3140:
3134:
3109:
3105:
3099:
3090:
3084:
3072:
3061:. Retrieved
3049:
3040:
3029:. Retrieved
3017:
3007:
2996:. Retrieved
2985:The Guardian
2984:
2975:
2964:. Retrieved
2955:
2944:. Retrieved
2933:The Guardian
2932:
2922:
2911:. Retrieved
2907:the original
2902:
2893:
2882:. Retrieved
2880:. 2013-05-11
2877:
2868:
2857:. Retrieved
2853:
2844:
2833:. Retrieved
2829:the original
2824:
2815:
2804:. Retrieved
2800:
2791:
2780:. Retrieved
2776:
2767:
2751:. Springer.
2748:
2742:
2730:. Retrieved
2710:
2688:. Retrieved
2674:
2666:
2661:
2649:
2632:
2618:
2584:
2572:
2557:
2552:
2544:
2539:
2524:
2504:
2500:
2487:
2475:
2461:(1): 36–63.
2458:
2454:
2448:
2440:
2436:
2427:. Retrieved
2417:
2403:Restall 2004
2398:
2389:
2375:
2369:
2358:. Retrieved
2356:. 2015-06-19
2353:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2301:. Retrieved
2294:the original
2281:
2270:
2264:. July 2018.
2256:
2242:
2231:. Retrieved
2229:. Cdi.gob.mx
2221:
2187:
2168:
2167:
2153:
2131:Manche Chʼol
2036:
2024:
2018:
2011:
1998:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1958:
1950:
1941:Chichen Itza
1934:
1894:
1869:Oscar Santis
1851:Aníbal López
1678:Chichen Itzá
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1569:Rabinal Achí
1544:
1510:
1495:
1491:Lake Atitlán
1469:
1460:
1445:Please help
1433:
1409:
1397:
1390:
1348:
1332:Mesoamerican
1329:
1309:
1305:
1293:
1234:
1210:Baja Verapaz
1199:
1171:Villahermosa
1167:Chontal Maya
1160:
1150:January 2012
1147:
1143:adding to it
1138:
1116:
1080:
1070:January 2012
1067:
1063:adding to it
1058:
1014:
999:
994:
952:
926:
920:
854:Yucatec Maya
847:
836:
822:was elected
818:
791:
774:
769:
765:
759:
748:Chichen Itza
720:
716:
711:
705:
699:Chilam Balam
696:
688:
687:
681:Yucatec Maya
673:Quintana Roo
662:
495:Architecture
454:
393:
364:
361:
297:
295:
274:Christianity
54:Ethnic group
51:
39:
5211:Salvadorans
5010:Acala Chʼol
4974:Sipakapense
4882:and others)
4367:Yohl Ikʼnal
4202:Hun Hunahpu
4120:Kinich Ahau
4110:Jaguar gods
2825:www.hmh.org
2096:Acala Chʼol
2026:Mayans M.C.
1807:Marcial Mes
1803:, Guatemala
1783:(1976–1982)
1749:(1922–1924)
1676:dynasty at
1463:August 2012
1344:city-states
1218:Totonicapán
1099:Orange Walk
963:Tojolabalis
760:El Castillo
391:westernised
383:El Salvador
369:, southern
353:El Salvador
333:Mesoamerica
291:Mesoamerica
217:El Salvador
130:El Salvador
40:Mayans M.C.
18:Maya people
5226:Categories
4969:Sakapultek
4959:Qʼanjobʼal
4716:Chiricahua
4680:Qʼanjobʼal
4660:Mexicanero
4217:Qʼuqʼumatz
4090:Hero Twins
4075:Death gods
3949:Literature
3885:Households
3851:Priesthood
3516:: e12644.
3368:2006-07-03
3063:2018-05-01
3031:2017-09-09
2998:2017-09-09
2966:2017-09-09
2946:2017-09-09
2913:2017-09-09
2903:archive.is
2884:2017-09-09
2859:2018-05-01
2835:2018-05-01
2806:2018-05-01
2782:2018-05-01
2732:6 November
2360:2022-10-20
2303:2012-06-07
2233:2013-04-22
2163:9703200893
2137:References
2012:La Llorona
1960:Apocalypto
1945:Hunac Ceel
1893:This page
1813:politician
1692:Tecun Uman
1687:Itzamkanac
1670:Hunac Ceel
1640:See also:
1578:Saint Paul
1521:Protestant
1277:Qʼanjobʼal
1230:San Marcos
1018:rainforest
940:indigenous
874:California
64:The Mayans
5201:Americans
5050:Tojolabal
5020:Chinamita
5015:Alaguilac
4984:Tzʼutujil
4954:Poqomchiʼ
4929:Kaqchikel
4859:Guatemala
4771:Mezcalero
4741:Kaqchikel
4731:Ixcatecos
4675:Pima Bajo
4589:Tojolabal
4473:Purépecha
4423:Chinantec
4357:Sak Kʼukʼ
4187:Popol Vuh
4125:Maize god
4085:Goddess I
4006:Popol Vuh
3856:Sacrifice
3839:Midwifery
3829:Childhood
3779:Mythology
3742:Languages
3629:Guatemala
3530:239539799
3265:162123502
3058:0362-4331
3026:0362-4331
2993:0261-3077
2941:0261-3077
2527:. p. 34.
2101:Chinamita
2005:Kaqchikel
1901:Wikiquote
1831:Guatemala
1757:Popol Vuh
1709:Tutul-Xiu
1705:Napuc Chi
1683:Apoxpalon
1664:Ah Ahaual
1652:Sak Kʼukʼ
1615:, Mexico.
1574:Qʼumarkaj
1560:Dominican
1547:Popol Vuh
1434:does not
1379:laureate
1285:Tzʼutujil
1273:Poqomchiʼ
1257:Kaqchikel
1202:Guatemala
1181:Guatemala
983:Kaqchikel
909:Tojolabal
868:in Utah;
788:Yucateken
733:in 1517,
601:Guatemala
500:Astronomy
485:Sacrifice
480:Mythology
465:Languages
367:Guatemala
345:Guatemala
323:) are an
244:Languages
145:Guatemala
110:Guatemala
82:Guatemala
47:Sibuyanon
5206:Mexicans
5194:Americas
5175:Garifuna
5152:Lebanese
5055:Toquegua
4989:Uspantek
4979:Tektitek
4964:Qʼeqchiʼ
4924:Jakaltek
4909:Chʼortiʼ
4899:Awakatek
4711:Awakatek
4685:Qʼeqchiʼ
4665:Ocuiltec
4655:Lacandon
4650:Jakaltek
4645:Guarijio
4599:Wixarika
4584:Tepehuán
4579:Popoluca
4559:Cuicatec
4483:Tlapanec
4478:Rarámuri
4352:Lady Xoc
4212:Jacawitz
4197:Camazotz
4180:Yum Kaax
4175:Kukulkan
3935:Tzolkʼin
3896:Calendar
3846:Religion
3804:Textiles
3784:Numerals
3769:Medicine
3764:Mayanist
3705:Ceramics
3698:Graffiti
3462:71165439
3435:71165439
3379:(1998).
3316:71165439
3186:(2007).
3126:30966868
2878:BBC News
2726:Archived
2684:Archived
2607:Archived
2507:: 13–35.
2312:cite web
2046:See also
1909:expanded
1899:over to
1811:Belizean
1506:huipiles
1502:textiles
1500:-based,
1361:Genocide
1316:Chʼortiʼ
1312:Honduras
1289:Uspantek
1281:Qʼeqchiʼ
1253:Jakaltek
1034:and the
1002:Lacandon
993:are not
981:and the
946:and the
919:are not
824:governor
735:Grijalva
727:Chetumal
701:Chumayel
669:Campeche
540:Medicine
520:Textiles
505:Calendar
475:Religion
427:a series
404:language
387:Honduras
373:and the
357:Honduras
268:Religion
235:Honduras
126:Honduras
5180:Mulatto
5121:Spanish
5116:Russian
5111:Italian
5092:Criollo
5076:Mestizo
5025:Kejache
4949:Poqomam
4934:Kʼicheʼ
4746:Kʼicheʼ
4721:Cochimí
4695:Tepehua
4690:Tacuate
4544:Chatino
4503:Zapotec
4498:Tzotzil
4493:Tzeltal
4488:Totonac
4448:Mazatec
4443:Mazahua
4433:Huastec
4242:Zipacna
4207:Huracan
4115:Kʼawiil
4100:Itzamna
4061:Classic
4053:Deities
3983:Grolier
3976:Dresden
3970:Codices
3820:Society
3809:Warfare
3747:Classic
3725:Economy
3715:Cuisine
3686:Revival
3671:E-Group
3639:Yucatán
3624:Chiapas
3600:History
3415:(ed.).
2523:(1989)
2116:Kejache
2000:Ixcanul
1965:Yucatec
1924:, 1992.
1897:copying
1827:Kʼicheʼ
1791:Mexican
1781:Yucatán
1747:Yucatán
1582:Spanish
1562:priest
1532:Maximón
1455:removed
1440:sources
1326:History
1269:Poqomam
1261:Kʼicheʼ
1163:Tabasco
1122:Tabasco
1104:Yucatec
1087:Corozal
1010:Chiapas
975:uplands
959:Tzeltal
955:Tzotzil
928:Chiapas
905:Tzeltal
899:is the
887:Chiapas
843:Yucatán
731:Córdoba
712:mestiza
596:Chiapas
591:Yucatán
559:History
550:Warfare
545:Cuisine
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