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563:: Floors 7–8, 17–18, 25–26, 34, 42, 50, 58, 66, 74, 82, 87, 90, 92 to 100 in the penthouse – total 17/102, 17%. The official count of 11 corresponds to the number of groups in the office section. Floors 92–100 contain communications equipment and so are not typically counted as mechanical since they do not service the building itself.
579:(Twin Towers): Floors 7–8, 41–42, 75–76, and 108–109 – total 8/110, 7%. The 110th Floor of 1 WTC (North Tower) housed television and radio transmission equipment. Some sources erroneously mention 12 floors, in groups of three, due to the height of the vents (actually the ceilings there were higher) and because levels 44 and 78 were
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to send water directly to a height of several hundred meters, so intermediate pumps and water tanks are used. The pumps on each group of mechanical floors act as a relay to the next one up, while the tanks hold water in reserve for normal and emergency use. Usually the pumps have enough power to
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Some low-rise, residential (usually apartment buildings or dormitories), or non-residential buildings, especially built in an architecture style that promotes the use of elements such as sloped roofs and/or bell towers, may have mechanical floors disguised as attics or towers. In this case, the
221:, tall buildings require dedicated floors throughout the structure for this purpose, for a variety of reasons discussed below. Because they use up valuable floor area (just like elevator shafts), engineers try to minimize the number of mechanical floors while allowing for sufficient
483:, the vents' presence is not seen as undesirable. Rather it emphasizes the functional layout of the building by dividing it neatly into equal blocks, mirroring the layout of the elevators and offices inside. This could be clearly seen on the Twin Towers of the
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These are examples of above-ground mechanical floor layouts for some of the world's tallest buildings. In each case, mechanical penthouses and spires are counted as floors, leading to higher total floor counts than usual.
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below). In some buildings, they are clustered in groups that divide the building into blocks, while in others they are spread evenly through the structure, and in still others, they are mostly concentrated at the top.
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zoning. Since nearly all elevators require machine rooms above the last floor they service, mechanical floors are often used to divide shafts that are stacked on top of each other to save space. A transfer level or
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Some skyscrapers have narrow building cores that require stabilization to prevent collapse. Typically, this is accomplished by joining the core to the external supercolumns at regular intervals using
503:-level Crystal Court shopping center and the office tower above; the upper mechanical floor (above the 50th and 51st floors, the uppermost occupied floors) serves as a "crown" to the building.
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Mechanical equipment (elevator engine, cooling tower, and boiler) serving a high rise condominium, concealed within a decorative concrete enclosure to match the exterior of building
319:. A consequence of this is that if the topmost mechanical floors are counted in the total, there can be no such thing as a true "top-floor office" in a skyscraper with this design.
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In particular, the problem of bringing and keeping water on the upper floors is an important constraint in the design of skyscrapers. Water is necessary for tenant use,
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Elevators that reach the top tenant floor also require overhead machine rooms; those are sometimes put into full-size mechanical floors but most often into a mechanical
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Mechanical floors also contain communication and control systems that service the building and sometimes outbound communications, such as through a large rooftop
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precludes the laying of tenant floors, so these sections house mechanical floors instead, typically in groups of two. Additional stabilizer elements such as
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The mechanical penthouse (housing HVAC machinery) of Dodd Hall at UCLA is seen disguised as a bell tower with louvers provided for ventilation.
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627:: Floors 17–18, 40–42, 73–75, 109–111, 136–138, 155, and 160–168, in the penthouse – total 25/168, 15%
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Special care is taken towards fire safety on mechanical floors that contain generators, compressors, and elevator machine rooms, since
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667:: Floors 3–4, 13, 21–23, 39–41, 59, 60, 72–75, 83, 84, 102–106, 115, and 116 – total 24/123, 20%
603:): Levels 29–32, 64–65, 88–89, 104–108, 109 (penthouse), and 110 (penthouse roof) – total 15/110, 13%.
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651:: Floors 6–7, 17–18, 24–25, 34, 43, 52, 61, 70, 79, 88, 97, 104, and 114 – total 17/108, 14%
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which in many buildings sit directly on top of the mechanical floors. However, the twin towers had one
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635:: Floors 16–17, 42–43, 93, 99–100 (penthouse) – total 7/100, 7%
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Dodd Hall mechanical penthouse as seen inside. Louvers are on the opposite wall.
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619:: Floors 51–52, and 89–93 in the penthouse – total 7/93, 7.5%
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571:: Floors 2–19, 92–99, and 103–104 – total 28/104, 26%).
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611:: Floors 6–7, 38–40, 43, 84, 87–88 – total 9/88, 10%
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are also used. They are present in all tall buildings, including the
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twin towers. The "dark bands" were vents for the mechanical floors.
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659:: Floors 6, 18, 30, 42, 54, 66, 78, 89, and 90 – total 9/101, 9%
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Mechanical floors are generally counted in the building's
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design, especially if it is fully glass-clad. Different
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office floor under each skylobby, accessible through
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
448:Most mechanical floors require external vents or
295:This layout is usually reflected in the internal
136:Mechanical attic (fourth floor) in Moore Hall at
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253:, to avoid problems in renting the space due to
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468:approach this challenge in different ways.
1877:Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
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329:heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
269:A 60-story building under construction in
643:: Floors 87–101 – total 15/102, 14%
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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27:Mechanical rooms-only skyscraper section
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803:by the Department of Architecture of
506:Conversely, designers of the recent
479:styles of the 1960s and 1970s where
58:adding citations to reliable sources
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225:in the services they provide. As a
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656:Shanghai World Financial Center
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284:. The triangular shape of the
255:superstitions about the number
167:building that is dedicated to
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648:International Commerce Center
533:, roof of Jin Mao Building).
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711:"Mechanical Room Definition"
339:(in mechanical penthouses),
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241:(this is required by some
213:While most buildings have
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807:, Energy Features section
1554:Multi-family residential
487:and can be seen on the
568:One World Trade Center
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729:"Design Architecture"
640:Empire State Building
481:form follows function
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341:electrical generators
331:(HVAC). They contain
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805:Hong Kong University
466:architectural styles
402:HVAC control systems
400:Modern computerized
382:is used as either a
149:mechanical penthouse
54:improve this article
18:Mechanical penthouse
1000: / Guest room
632:John Hancock Center
408:Aesthetics concerns
390:in those elements.
323:Mechanical concerns
261:Structural concerns
217:, typically in the
198:, with significant
1476:Servants' quarters
485:World Trade Center
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418:World Trade Center
333:air handling units
290:tuned mass dampers
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69:"Mechanical floor"
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1277:Janitorial closet
1011:Bedsit / Miniflat
747:"TAIPEI101 Tower"
664:Lotte World Tower
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16:(Redirected from
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1381:Kitchen-related
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616:Jin Mao Building
523:Jin Mao Building
356:air conditioning
251:thirteenth floor
215:mechanical rooms
157:mechanical level
153:mechanical layer
145:mechanical floor
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65:Find sources:
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43:This article
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1729:Roof lantern
1481:Smoking room
1451:Long gallery
1431:Drawing room
1417:Conservatory
1324:Storm cellar
1303:
1295:Storage room
1291:Utility room
1287:Laundry room
1263:Furnace room
854:Shared rooms
777:
769:
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759:
751:the original
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733:the original
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694:. Retrieved
690:the original
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624:Burj Khalifa
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596:Willis Tower
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576:Previous WTC
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489:Willis Tower
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364:firefighting
362:, and basic
358:, equipment
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1872:Skyscrapers
1822:Home repair
1619:Belt course
1527:Hidden room
1456:Lumber room
1372:Antechamber
1363:Great house
1343:Wine cellar
1314:Root cellar
1267:Boiler room
1248:Crawl space
919:Living room
912:kitchenette
897:Home cinema
882:Family room
877:Dining room
867:Common room
715:Law Insider
601:Sears Tower
516:latticework
497:Minneapolis
454:ventilation
416:The former
372:water pumps
349:water pumps
196:skyscrapers
173:electronics
1866:Categories
1832:Tree house
1802:Front yard
1734:Sill plate
1682:Foundation
1624:Bressummer
1537:house plan
1506:Undercroft
1491:State room
1441:Great hall
1410:still room
1077:dumbwaiter
1062:Cubby-hole
892:Great room
862:Bonus room
797:Case study
696:2016-02-06
672:References
599:(Formerly
589:escalators
581:skylobbies
560:Taipei 101
531:Taipei 101
527:ornamental
508:postmodern
368:sprinklers
223:redundancy
210:concerns.
208:aesthetics
204:mechanical
200:structural
169:mechanical
110:April 2022
80:newspapers
1756:Threshold
1639:Colonnade
1584:Townhouse
1522:Furniture
1426:Courtyard
1328:Safe room
1238:Cloakroom
1206:Technical
1196:Vestibule
1181:Staircase
1120:Inglenook
1093:Fireplace
1052:Breezeway
924:Gynaeceum
539:abat-sons
493:IDS Tower
491:. In the
388:lubricant
309:penthouse
279:outrigger
181:technical
165:high-rise
1797:Driveway
1792:Backyard
1751:Skylight
1714:Plumbing
1709:Ornament
1704:Lighting
1614:Baluster
1602:elements
1574:Detached
1569:Terraced
1421:Orangery
1400:scullery
1377:Ballroom
1353:Workshop
1338:Wardrobe
1326: /
1293: /
1289: /
1265: /
1228:Basement
1160:sleeping
1155:screened
1140:Overhang
1084:Entryway
1072:Elevator
986:Bathroom
941:man cave
772:magazine
585:occupied
549:Examples
519:cladding
366:through
347:plants,
302:skylobby
297:elevator
271:Shanghai
231:examples
219:basement
1785:Related
1761:Transom
1653:Cornice
1643:Portico
1634:Chimney
1629:Ceiling
1461:Parlour
1446:Library
1405:spicery
1395:saucery
1390:buttery
1233:Carport
1215:storage
1210:utility
1191:Veranda
1186:Terrace
1115:Hallway
1047:Balcony
1026:Nursery
1021:Cabinet
1016:Boudoir
998:Bedroom
970:Sunroom
902:Kitchen
471:In the
458:windows
450:louvers
395:antenna
360:cooling
345:chiller
282:trusses
185:service
177:utility
94:scholar
1887:Floors
1849:
1807:Garden
1776:Window
1719:Quoins
1697:Portal
1648:Column
1564:Duplex
1542:styles
1501:Turret
1333:Studio
1309:Pantry
1282:Larder
1272:Garage
1243:Closet
1177:Stairs
1135:Loggia
1098:hearth
1088:Genkan
1042:Atrium
1035:Spaces
1004:closet
991:toilet
960:Shrine
936:Andron
887:Garret
501:skyway
473:Modern
462:facade
286:struts
187:, and
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89:
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1882:Rooms
1766:Vault
1739:Style
1687:Gable
1677:Floor
1657:Eaves
1547:types
1532:House
1515:Other
1486:Solar
1466:Sauna
1365:areas
1304:floor
1223:Attic
1150:Porch
1145:Patio
1125:Lanai
1105:Foyer
965:Study
929:harem
846:house
842:Rooms
317:spire
189:plant
163:of a
161:story
159:is a
101:JSTOR
87:books
1827:Shed
1812:Home
1771:Wall
1744:list
1724:Roof
1692:Gate
1667:Door
1662:Dome
1609:Arch
1213:and
1167:Ramp
1130:Loft
1110:Hall
1067:Deck
543:UCLA
475:and
452:for
384:fuel
313:roof
206:and
171:and
138:UCLA
73:news
1672:Ell
872:Den
495:in
386:or
380:oil
155:or
56:by
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