40:
58:
65:
29:
76:
47:
90:
241:) by potential migrants. Compared to refugee crisis (refugee is a refugee), migrant crises also have a separate or distinguish between the “deserving” refugee from the “undeserving” migrant and play into fear of cultural, religious, and ethnic difference in the midst of increasing intense, excessive, and persistent worry and fear about everyday situations and lacking in predictability, job security, material or psychological welfare for many in Europe (
83:
412:“It is within world leaders’ power to prevent these crises from spiralling further out of control. Governments must halt their assault on our rights and strengthen the defences the world has put in place to protect them. Human rights are a necessity, not an accessory; and the stakes for humankind have never been higher.”
381:
Broken immigration system (Crisis) is what immigration experts and lawyers refer to as failure in management of "push and pull factors." Push forces for the displaced people are summarized as running from horrors and poverty in the departure country toward a broken immigration system in the receiving
516:
The financial burden of crises: Germany allocated roughly 10 billion Euros for the cost of refugee care and acceptance in 2015. On the other hand, Greece was exempt to pay from EU-wide refugee sharing initiatives between 2013 and 2015. The migrant crisis is thought to have influenced policies in
386:. The condition of refugee or asylum seekers in receiving countries, from the perspective of governments, employers, and citizens, is a topic of continual debate (debate on migrant crises), and on the other end, the violation of migrant human rights is an ongoing crisis.
382:
states. Pull forces are receiving states having a functioning economy, the safer-faster journey with the help of communication technology (organize and warn) and established smuggler networks which has safer-faster ways to move people. For a full description
178:) at the country of origin (departure). The "crisis" situation is not the refugee numbers (number of migrants seeking protection) but the system's failure to respond in an orderly way to the government's legal obligations. Some notable crises are;
623:
430:
Broken resource management toward the immigrants is part of the inability to develop efficient responses to people in need, causing crisis. The asylum offices in USA, United
Kingdom and Australia manages the immigration services.
28:
57:
64:
39:
498:
508:
According to a New York Times article, thousands of people that migrated to the US in 2022 will fail to meet asylum requirements due to limited access to resources and legal assistance.
529:(NASS) which is tasked with the responsibility for regulating entry to, and settlement in the interests of sustainable growth and social inclusion. NASS is a section of the
260:
and international solidarity and burden-sharing with collaboration, communication and information dissemination, which are needed for solving migratory issues of the world.
221:: The "refugee crisis" is a humanitarian one for those adopting the "Push" factors as main cause, while they acknowledge that reasons for migration may be mixed, even the
971:
248:"Migrant crisis management" involves dealing with issues ("immigration system", "resource management", etc.) before, during, and after they have occurred. According to
271:"Transboundary crisis management" (migration is transboundary) involves co-decision, shared procedures and collective instruments in aligned with the steps below:
46:
268:
Immigrant receiving states need effective management strategies at achieving a set of tasks for responding to the threat to re-establish a perceived normalcy.
662:"Seeking a Rational Approach to a Regional Refugee Crisis: Lessons from the Summer 2014 "Surge" of Central American Women and Children at the US-Mexico Border"
366:
249:
490:
332:
605:
566:
927:
75:
451:(USCIS) asylum system are completely under-resourced and confronting an unmanageable caseload. In June, 2019 (five years into crisis), more than 350 "
556:
452:
345:(November 2014-September 2015) The EU recognize humanitarian and migratory pressures shelves GAMM and develops another comprehensive approach
253:
230:
142:
is the intense difficulty, trouble, or danger situation in the receiving state (destination country) due to the movements of large groups of
257:
459:
945:
Badali, J.J. (10 February 2021). "Migrants in the Attic: The Case of
Migrants with Disabilities and Resettlement Services in Serbia".
448:
399:
467:
444:
395:
861:
642:
129:
928:"estimated the cost of refugees at ten billion euros (Deutschland: Kosten für Flüchtlinge auf zehn Milliarden Euro geschätzt)"
576:
466:
managers must ensure compliance by meeting the legal requirements of this immigration reform regulation by incorporating the
229:
policies (Immigration system) that were perceived as not sufficiently strict and the need for cheap workers for US business (
214:
187:
117:
582:
489:, which formally directed the US government to begin attempting wall construction. Executive Order 13767 followed with the
348:(October 2015) Migrants and refugees: the European Council secure the borders against the unwanted migrants and refugees. (
751:
242:
403:
89:
551:
546:
440:
206:
105:
883:
833:
807:
781:
82:
526:
502:
455:" have been removed from a holding facility in Texas to bring it into compliance as designed to hold around 120.
238:
711:"Representing the "European refugee crisis" in Germany and beyond: Deservingness and difference, life and death"
908:
183:
349:
458:
Resource management towards the immigrants in USA includes "private sector" involvement as listed in the
571:
497:
on any spending bill that did not include "resource" on wall funding. In
February 2019, Trump signed a
362:
252:, migrant crisis management is shaped using the definitions and responsibilities outlined in the UN's
462:. Law mandates that all companies must help the federal government. Specific immigration areas where
209:. The crisis developed because of unaccompanied children who do not have a legal guardian to provide
530:
328:
121:
284:: critical information for picture of the situation. (process: the collecting, analysing, sharing)
1005:
561:
179:
752:"Managing the refugee and migrant crisis The role of governments, private sector and technology"
383:
370:
339:
710:
486:
418:
113:
101:
537:
which support "otherwise be destitute." Provision of accommodation is part of the process.
234:
8:
879:
222:
159:
691:
606:"Crisis at the Border? An Update on Immigration Policy with Stanford's Lucas Guttentag"
226:
217:), and care quickly overwhelmed the "local border patrols" creating a migrant crisis.
695:
683:
302:: Messaging on the path taken (process: explanation, actionable advice, and a sense).
950:
725:
673:
210:
198:
147:
109:
501:, saying situation is a "crisis," officially declaring a "Migrant Crisis" in the
225:. For those focusing on "Pull" factors, the "migration crisis" has its roots in
678:
463:
194:
290:: formulation of an effective strategy (process: formulation of key decisions)
999:
687:
482:
202:
155:
834:"Migration Drivers, the EU External Migration Policy and Crisis Management"
808:"Migration Drivers, the EU External Migration Policy and Crisis Management"
782:"Migration Drivers, the EU External Migration Policy and Crisis Management"
485:
name for
President Trump's solution to immigration. President Trump signed
955:
534:
729:
478:
408:
According to Salil Shetty, Secretary
General of Amnesty International,
171:
143:
471:
331:) Libya let the flow of irregular migrants. EU Commission approve "
175:
167:
163:
125:
909:"New Migrants Have a Year to Apply for Asylum. Many Won't Make It"
314:: Production of documents that list the decisions and strategies.
151:
477:
Another case for resource management for migrant crisis is the
525:
Resource management toward the immigrants in UK managed under
323:
Management of the crisis shows succession of four scenarios.
643:"The child migrant crisis seems to be over. What happened?"
494:
333:
Communication on Global
Approach to Migration and Mobility
308:: message delivery (victims, citizens, stakeholders, ...).
205:
government's legal obligations inadvertently created the
16:
Situation resulting from flows of immigrants to a country
517:
countries seeking accession to the EU, such as Serbia.
338:(November 2013-October 2014) The Italy's humanitarian
862:"Amnesty International State of the World 2015-2016"
856:
854:
661:
278:: Recognition of threat. (process: emerging-timely)
878:
579:(For the 1940s migration and refugees developments)
201:, and may or may not involve a migrant crisis. The
851:
425:
997:
376:
218:
868:. Amnesty International USA. 23 February 2016.
616:
254:Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
162:) which negatively affected their situation (
944:
825:
799:
773:
361:Institution that works in this area is the
258:Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees
158:) escaping from the conditions (natural or
884:"Immigration Policy: Bordering on Madness"
599:
597:
460:Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
318:
197:refers to a movement of "large" groups of
954:
677:
660:Musalo, Karen; Lee, Eunice (2017-03-01).
659:
557:2021 Belarus–European Union border crisis
540:
449:U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
400:Immigration reform in the United Kingdom
666:Journal on Migration and Human Security
594:
468:Immigration and Naturalization Services
396:Immigration reform in the United States
998:
831:
805:
779:
708:
130:Kilis Oncupinar Accommodation Facility
925:
603:
577:World War II evacuation and expulsion
389:
296:: collaboration between key partners.
215:Convention on the Rights of the Child
188:World War II evacuation and expulsion
841:Romanian Journal of European Affairs
815:Romanian Journal of European Affairs
789:Romanian Journal of European Affairs
640:
583:New York City migrant housing crisis
373:works on migrant crisis management.
263:
13:
949:. Vol. 10. MDPI. p. 10.
749:
404:Immigration detention in Australia
14:
1017:
969:
520:
511:
499:Declaration of National Emergency
118:Venezuela–Colombia migrant crisis
979:assets.publishing.service.gov.uk
832:AttinĂ , Fulvio (December 2016).
806:AttinĂ , Fulvio (December 2016).
780:AttinĂ , Fulvio (December 2016).
641:Lind, Dara (19 September 2014).
552:2020 Greek–Turkish border crisis
547:2014 American immigration crisis
491:2018 federal government shutdown
441:2014 American immigration crisis
434:
243:such in closure of Green Borders
207:2014 American immigration crisis
106:2014 American immigration crisis
88:
81:
74:
63:
56:
45:
38:
27:
963:
938:
919:
901:
872:
527:National Asylum Support Service
743:
709:Holmes, Seth M. (2016-02-01).
702:
653:
634:
567:English Channel migrant crisis
426:Crisis and resource management
356:
184:English Channel migrant crisis
1:
588:
474:into their hiring processes.
384:Human migration#Push and Pull
377:Crisis and immigration system
350:Valletta Summit on Migration
7:
624:"unaccompanied alien child"
503:Mexico–United States border
10:
1022:
926:staff (5 September 2015).
679:10.1177/233150241700500108
393:
363:Migration Policy Institute
972:"support asylum seekers"
531:UK Visas and Immigration
493:because of presidential
231:family separation policy
122:Hungarian border barrier
100:From Top left to right:
572:Turkey's migrant crisis
562:European migrant crisis
533:(UKVI) division of the
319:European migrant crisis
180:European migrant crisis
761:. Global Crisis Centre
541:List of migrant crises
453:unaccompanied children
423:
371:PricewaterhouseCoopers
340:Operation Mare Nostrum
487:Executive Order 13767
419:Amnesty International
417:Secretary General of
410:
114:Identitarian movement
102:Environmental migrant
956:10.3390/laws10010010
718:American Ethnologist
367:Global Crisis Centre
329:2011 fall of Gaddafi
250:Global Crisis Centre
235:Operation Streamline
160:artificially created
880:Kevin D. Williamson
610:Stanford Law School
239:catch & release
223:refugees as weapons
730:10.1111/amet.12259
604:Guttentag, Lucas.
445:immigration courts
390:Immigration reform
227:border enforcement
213:(USA ratified the
750:Butler, Melanie.
264:Crisis management
1013:
991:
990:
988:
986:
976:
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958:
942:
936:
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882:(25 June 2019).
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211:physical custody
199:displaced people
148:displaced people
110:Pacific Solution
92:
85:
78:
67:
60:
49:
42:
31:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1015:
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996:
995:
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984:
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981:. UK government
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920:
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890:
888:National Review
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628:law.cornell.edu
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447:as well as the
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321:
288:Decision-making
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256:and subsequent
237:), or careful (
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1009:
1008:
1006:Migrant crises
993:
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962:
937:
932:Spiegel Online
918:
913:New York times
900:
871:
866:AmnestyUSA.org
850:
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798:
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701:
672:(1): 137–179.
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521:United Kingdom
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512:European Union
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464:human resource
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312:Accountability
309:
303:
300:Meaning-making
297:
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285:
279:
265:
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219:Push-Pull view
195:refugee crisis
140:Migrant crisis
99:
98:
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80:
73:
72:
71:
62:
55:
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53:
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481:, which is a
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435:United States
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306:Communication
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156:asylum seeker
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978:
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294:Coordination
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282:Sense-making
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759:www.pwc.com
535:Home Office
439:During the
357:Role of NGO
233:), severe (
934:. Reuters.
589:References
483:colloquial
479:Trump wall
394:See also:
144:immigrants
985:28 August
947:Laws 2021
893:30 August
765:28 August
735:28 August
724:(1): 12.
696:219950796
688:2330-2488
335:" (GAMM).
276:Detection
172:political
1000:Category
847:(4): 16.
821:(4): 23.
795:(4): 27.
472:Form I-9
415:—
176:societal
168:economic
164:security
126:Dungavel
970:Staff.
152:refugee
694:
686:
649:. Vox.
470:(INS)
402:, and
975:(PDF)
837:(PDF)
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785:(PDF)
755:(PDF)
714:(PDF)
692:S2CID
987:2019
895:2019
767:2019
737:2019
684:ISSN
495:veto
186:and
951:doi
726:doi
674:doi
647:Vox
369:of
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