2755:
1904:
1727:
2612:
862:
finding that individuals reject more applicants than others assessing similar cases—and migration officials are required to standardise the reasons for accepting or rejecting claims, so that the decision of one adjudicator is consistent with what their colleagues decide. In 2023 Murray et al. developed a non invasive deep learning architecture which is able to automatically determine whether asylum seekers are adults or juveniles . Age assessment is used to ensure that adult asylum seekers are not housed with vulnerable children.
1849:
2742:
1691:
2552:
2647:
2443:
2869:
407:
4016:
2478:
2583:
1782:
1918:
2113:
2317:
1979:
1756:
2379:
2507:
2241:
2014:
2198:
1953:
1808:
2539:
2142:
2279:
1433:
refugees. This is done in situations when the reasons for seeking refugee status are generally well known and individual assessment would otherwise overwhelm the capacities of assessors. Group determination is more readily done in states that not only have accepted the refugee definition of the 1951
1538:
Legal interpreters are assigned to assist asylum seekers throughout interviews and court proceedings. These legal interpreters reflect the training they received in the training program they were certified in. The accuracy of the legal interpretation may vary depending on the training received from
861:
In many countries, country-of-origin information is used by migration officials as part of the assessment of asylum claims, and governments commission research into the accuracy of their country reports. Some countries have studied the rejection rates of their migration officials making decisions,
873:
is an international protection for persons seeking asylum who do not qualify as refugees. It is an option to get asylum for those who do not have a well-founded fear of persecution (which is required for refugee status according to the 1951 Convention), but do indeed have a substantial risk to be
1601:
Asylum seekers usually get some kind of support from governments whilst their application is processed. However, in some countries this support ends immediately once they are given refugee status. But the fact that they were given refugee status does not mean that they were already given all the
1588:
Additionally, the study delves into nonverbal communication complexities, particularly regarding eye contact and credibility within asylum hearings. Cultural variations in eye contact influence credibility assessments, potentially leading to misinterpretations by immigration personnel. Differing
1522:
and the strengthening of border controls, it deters displaced persons from entering territory in which they could lodge an asylum claim. The lack of opportunities to legally access the asylum procedures can force displaced persons to undertake often expensive and hazardous attempts at
1492:, vaccinations, pregnancy and childbirth with limitations on specialty care. Asylum seekers have greater chance of experiencing unmet health needs as compared to the general German population. Asylum seekers also have greater odds of hospital admissions and at least one visit to a
889:
are used to persons in
Australia who applied for refugee status after making an unauthorised arrival. It is the main type of visa issued to refugees when released from Australian immigration detention facilities and they are required to reapply for it every three years.
1442:
For persons who do not come into the country as part of a bigger group, individual asylum interviews are conducted to establish whether the person has sufficient reasons for seeking asylum. Meanwhile, high numbers of asylum seekers necessitate governments to provide
1534:
and pay less and less attention to asylum seekers and those who have already been granted refugee status but did not come through resettlement. Asylum seekers have even been referred to as 'queue jumpers', because they did not wait for their chance to be resettled.
1455:
In many countries, asylum applicants can challenge a rejection by challenging the decision in a court or migration review panel. In the United
Kingdom, more than one in four decisions to refuse an asylum seeker protection are overturned by immigration judges.
1479:
and are still within the asylum process have some restricted rights to healthcare access. This includes access to medical and psychological care. However, these may vary depending on the host country. For instance, under the Asylum
Seekers Benefits Act
718:. Signatories to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights create their own policies for assessing the protection status of asylum seekers, and the proportion of asylum applicants who are accepted or rejected varies each year from country to country.
1565:
during the asylum application process. A comprehensive study by Sarah C. Bishop, examining nonverbal communication in US asylum interviews and hearings, highlights several critical elements influencing asylum seekers' ability to articulate their
838:
and persons who fall within this definition are called
Convention refugees and their status is called Convention refugee status. Complementary forms of protection exist depending on country if the person falls within other refugee definitions.
1597:
Because asylum seekers often have to wait for months or years for the results of their asylum applications and because they are usually not allowed to work and only receive minimal or no financial support, destitution is a considerable risk.
2054:
3322:
Murray J, Heng D, Lygate A, Abade A, Manica S, Franco A. "Applying artificial intelligence to determination of legal age of majority from radiographic data". Morphologie. 108 (360): 100723. doi:10.1016/j.morpho.2023.100723. PMID
2041:
2059:
1470:
Whilst waiting for a decision asylum seekers have limited rights in the country of asylum. In most countries they are not allowed to work and in some countries not even to volunteer. In some countries they are not allowed to
2049:
3917:
Vang, Jerry. "Limitations of the
Customary International Principle of Non-Refoulement on Non-Party States: Thailand Repatriates the Remaining Hmong-Lao Regardless of International Norms." Wis. Int'l LJ 32 (2014):
705:
The relevant immigration authorities of the country of asylum determine whether the asylum seeker will be granted the right of asylum protection or whether asylum will be refused and the asylum seeker becomes an
3243:
1577:
and the need to recount traumatic events within strict timelines. This pressure contributes to fragmented storytelling. This case leads to difficulties in presenting a coherent account of their experiences.
829:
to grant asylum to people who fall within the definition of
Convention and Protocol. Persons who do not fall within this definition may still be granted refugee according to the refugee definitions of 1951
809:, or other non-political crimes, or whose actions are contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations, are excluded from international protection. This asylum right is also included in 1951
1705:
1825:
2159:
874:
subjected to torture or to a serious harm if they are returned to their country of origin, for reasons that include war, violence, conflict and massive violations of human rights. The
2815:
789:
2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United
Nations.
764:
is used both for an asylum seeker, as defined above, and a person whose right of asylum has been granted. On average, about 1-2 million people apply globally for asylum every year.
1581:
Language barriers further compound these challenges. Asylum seekers' linguistic disparities and stress during interviews impede their ability to articulate experiences accurately.
2732:
2680:
2459:
3297:
3250:
1507:
Research suggests cross-sector collaboration is key to assist refugees and asylum seekers resettle and integrate into receiving communities, workplaces and schools.
2217:
1602:
documents they need for starting their new lives. Long waiting times significantly reduce the likelihood to obtain a job and the social integration of refugees.
1539:
the interpreter and potential biases they carry coming into the interpreting session. Lack of training in asylum settings may influence interpretation sessions.
1434:
Convention, but also use a refugee definition that includes people fleeing indiscriminate or generalized violence, which are not covered in the 1951 Convention.
2926:
1873:
2269:
2353:
2940:
3434:"Disparities in health and access to healthcare between asylum seekers and residents in Germany: a population-based cross-sectional feasibility study"
1648:. If an asylum claim has been rejected, the asylum seeker is said to be refused asylum and called a failed asylum seeker. Some failed asylum seekers
3332:
MarĂa-Teresa Gil-Bazo, 2006: Refugee status, subsidiary protection, and the right to be granted asylum under EC law; Research Paper No. 136, page 10
3233:
MarĂa-Teresa Gil-Bazo, 2006: Refugee status, subsidiary protection, and the right to be granted asylum under EC law; Research Paper No. 136, page 7
2389:
3873:
Griffiths, Melanie (21 June 2012). "Anonymous Aliens? Questions of
Identification in the Detention and Deportation of Failed Asylum Seekers".
1429:
Asylum seekers may be given refugee status on a group basis. Refugees who went through the group status determination are also referred to as
3043:
2792:
2771:
2221:
855:
831:
818:
810:
730:
2672:
1882:
2779:
1772:
835:
814:
694:
is a person who leaves their country of residence, enters another country, and makes in that other country a formal application for the
1618:
Absence of identity documents or disputes of identity can make the demonstration of persecution for the right of asylum more complex.
1475:
within the country. Even access to health care is limited. In the
European Union, those who have yet to be granted official status as
3907:
Zetter, Roger, et al. "An assessment of the impact of asylum policies in Europe, 1990-2000." Home Office Online Report 17.03 (2003).
3821:
3033:
2820:
2810:
1832:
2902:
2886:
2091:
1887:
1894:
3379:"Well-Founded Fear of Algorithms or Algorithms of Well-Founded Fear? Hybrid Intelligence in Automated Asylum Seeker Interviews"
3038:
2977:
2935:
2081:
1867:
1530:
In recent years, the public as well as policy makers of many countries are focusing more and more on refugees arriving through
3549:
2343:
875:
779:
699:
677:
3666:
Resettlement: where’s the evidence, what’s the strategy?, Alexander Betts, Forced
Migration Review 54, January 2017, page 73
3063:
858:. The burden of substantiating an asylum claim lies with the claimant, who must establish that they qualify for protection.
3483:"Unveiling the Canvas Ceiling : A Multidisciplinary Literature Review of Refugee Employment and Workforce Integration"
3301:
2894:
3848:
3529:
1652:. Depending on the country, failed asylum seekers are allowed to remain temporarily or are forcibly returned in line with
1589:
cultural expectations impact asylum seekers' credibility assessments, potentially affecting the outcomes of their claims.
2720:
1585:
lapses contribute to incomplete or non-sequential storytelling, affecting the quality and coherence of their narratives.
1545:
of asylum seekers and refugees is highly correlated with the mental health status. The presence of mental disorders like
738:
3378:
2798:
3712:"Systematic review of factors associated with quality of life of asylum seekers and refugees in high-income countries"
2910:
2429:
528:
3981:
Adopted by Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela
2495:
630:
182:
2700:
3353:
3081:
3205:
2071:
20:
2564:
2303:
1744:
615:
3943:
1510:
Non-governmental organizations concerned with refugees and asylum seekers have pointed out difficulties for
702:
Article 14. A person keeps the status of asylum seeker until the right of asylum application has concluded.
3275:
2987:
2835:
2664:
2448:
2298:
2024:
1542:
3408:
2972:
2879:
472:
3784:""What does a torture survivor look like?" Nonverbal communication in US asylum interviews and hearings"
1447:
systems to assist both asylum seekers and immigration officers in performing fair and just assessments.
4036:
4006:
3710:
van der Boor, Catharina F.; Amos, Rebekah; Nevitt, Sarah; Dowrick, Christopher; White, Ross G. (2020).
3101:
3013:
2705:
2076:
1969:
1531:
794:
477:
3276:"Assessment of Credibility in Claims for Refugee Protection - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada"
1419:
4051:
3783:
2948:
2803:
2524:
886:
670:
625:
3528:
Lee, Eun Su; Roy, Priya A.; Szkudlarek, Betina (16 August 2021), Chavan, Meena; Taksa, Lucy (eds.),
3579:
Szkudlarek, Betina; Nardon, Luciara; Osland, Joyce S.; Adler, Nancy J.; Lee, Eun Su (August 2021).
2715:
1938:
3916:
2967:
2918:
2840:
2602:
2593:
2488:
2175:
2127:
2103:
2036:
806:
3341:
2132:
2000:
1792:
421:
3621:
3118:"Double-edged risk: unaccompanied minor refugees (UMRs) in Sweden and their search for safety"
1610:
Asylum seekers vacationing in home country has been argued as a reason for refusal of asylum.
1415:
4041:
3028:
2725:
2338:
1931:
1657:
1562:
870:
574:
569:
16:
Person who leaves their country of origin for another country and applies for right of asylum
3582:"When Context Matters: What Happens to International Theory When Researchers Study Refugees"
3354:"UNHCR Resettlement Handbook, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 2011, page 19"
2855:
2262:
1943:
786:
1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.
663:
390:
851:
406:
8:
3994:
3482:
3413:
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1737:
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431:
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1710:
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523:
426:
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3803:
3757:
3739:
3731:
3653:
3641:
3602:
3559:
3545:
3514:
3502:
3463:
3409:"Will the UK Continue to Have One in Four Refused Asylum Cases Overturned on Appeal?"
3117:
2850:
2830:
2760:
2573:
2289:
2208:
2031:
1582:
1546:
847:
826:
707:
564:
537:
3581:
3342:
Refugee Data Finder, Dataset Asylum decisions, Population types Asylum-seeker, UNHCR
3154:
1573:
The study underscores the complexity of asylum seekers' narratives, often shaped by
3882:
3795:
3747:
3723:
3689:
3633:
3594:
3537:
3494:
3453:
3445:
3390:
3193:
Handbook on European law relating to asylum, borders and immigration, 2014, page 83
3129:
2992:
2657:
2529:
2405:
2152:
1859:
1649:
1644:
of the asylum seekers nor sees them as legitimate migrants and thus treats them as
1511:
1444:
646:
594:
589:
548:
507:
3799:
3727:
3481:
Lee, Eun Su; Szkudlarek, Betina; Nguyen, Duc Cuong; Nardon, Luciara (April 2020).
4020:
2710:
1995:
1653:
1465:
843:
773:
715:
695:
599:
579:
492:
487:
467:
447:
3449:
1641:
726:
2997:
2747:
2652:
2400:
2367:
2362:
2019:
1561:
Asylum seekers encounter significant challenges in effectively conveying their
878:
and European Union law have a broader definition of who is entitled to asylum.
742:
3743:
3169:
1553:
is mainly due to the forced migration and the resettlement in host countries.
4030:
3995:
Asylum Migration to the Developed World: Persecution, Incentives, and Policy.
3894:
3807:
3735:
3645:
3622:"Refugee employment support: The HRM–CSR nexus and stakeholder co-dependency"
3606:
3506:
3008:
3002:
2962:
2874:
2422:
1696:
1524:
1493:
822:
533:
3947:
3637:
729:
if their circumstances fall into the definition of refugee according to the
3849:"Do refugees travel to their home countries on vacation? – DW – 09/11/2017"
3761:
3467:
2557:
1631:
1485:
457:
3598:
3394:
3133:
3693:
3167:
2617:
2588:
2483:
2410:
2333:
1645:
1627:
1430:
734:
711:
543:
502:
462:
452:
398:
222:
92:
4015:
3498:
3220:
2348:
1787:
1706:
Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa
365:
3929:
3886:
3677:
3360:
3244:"Asylum Policy Instruction: Assessing credibility and refugee status"
2257:
1923:
1732:
1567:
1489:
802:
162:
72:
52:
3530:"Integrating Refugees Into the Workplace – A Collaborative Approach"
2186:(OFPRA; Office for the Protection of Refugees and Stateless Persons)
2160:
Code of Entry and Residence of Foreigners and of the Right to Asylum
2227:
202:
122:
82:
3221:"Convention and Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, 1967"
2203:
2118:
2086:
1984:
1761:
1476:
722:
651:
497:
305:
242:
152:
1556:
3944:
Code de l'entrée et du séjour des étrangers et du droit d'asile
3678:"Mediated communication with minors in asylum-seeking hearings"
2633:
2544:
2512:
2384:
2246:
2167:
Law on the control of immigration, integration and asylum, 2007
2147:
1854:
1813:
355:
335:
315:
232:
172:
3709:
2284:
1909:
899:
375:
345:
325:
212:
192:
142:
112:
102:
842:
The practical determination of whether a person obtains the
3959:
3578:
1958:
1550:
295:
132:
62:
3111:
3109:
801:
Asylum seekers who have committed crimes against peace, a
3480:
2682:
Asylum and Immigration (Treatment of Claimants, etc.) Act
1663:
1640:
It often happens that the country neither recognizes the
285:
3788:
Journal of International and Intercultural Communication
760:
are often confused. In North American English, the term
721:
The asylum seeker may be simultaneously recognized as a
3431:
3206:
Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, UN, 1951
3106:
2218:
Albert Einstein German Academic Refugee Initiative Fund
2183:
Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides
1502:
898:
Outcomes of asylum applications 2000-2023 according to
3950:. Updated 27 November 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
2816:
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
710:
who may be asked to leave the country and may even be
4004:
3155:"Asylee Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster"
1514:to seek asylum in industrialized countries. As the
817:. As of 1 July 2013, there were 145 parties to the
778:The right of asylum according to the Article 14 of
3580:
3620:Lee, Eun Su; Szkudlarek, Betina (14 April 2021).
3102:Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 14
2927:Canada–United States Safe Third Country Agreement
2460:UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees
1874:Canada–United States Safe Third Country Agreement
1409:
893:
795:Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 14
4028:
3822:"New refugees face homelessness and destitution"
3536:, Emerald Publishing Limited, pp. 121–129,
3527:
3432:Schneider, C.; Joos, S.; Bozorgmehr, K. (2015).
3215:
3213:
3201:
3199:
1518:in many countries often focuses on the fight of
825:. These states are bound by an obligation under
3168:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
2270:2016 Turkish military asylum incident in Greece
1420:Refugee law § Refugee status determination
865:
850:within the host country. In some countries the
3705:
3703:
3097:
3095:
3025:Organization for Refugees Asylum and Migration
2390:Israeli policy for non-Jewish African refugees
3930:"EDAL | European Database of Asylum Law"
3619:
3376:
3210:
3196:
3044:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
2773:Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
2055:European Pact on Immigration and Asylum, 2008
1557:Challenges in Relaying Trauma and Experiences
832:Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
811:Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
731:Convention relating to the Status of Refugees
671:
1883:Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
881:
3700:
3487:International Journal of Management Reviews
3115:
3092:
2781:Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees
1496:relative to the German general population.
1459:
1416:Refugee § Refugee status determination
836:Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees
815:Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees
3298:"Improving consistency in decision-making"
678:
664:
3872:
3751:
3457:
3417:, 18 April 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
2941:U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
1484:) in Germany, asylum seekers are outside
3675:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3300:. ALRC. 19 December 2011. Archived from
3034:International Committee of the Red Cross
3019:
2821:Nansen International Office for Refugees
2811:International Organization for Migration
2164:Law on immigration and integration, 2006
1437:
767:
3846:
3377:McNamara, Robert G; Tikka, Pia (2023).
2674:Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act
2092:European Council on Refugees and Exiles
1888:Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
4029:
3781:
3039:International Cities of Refuge Network
2978:Forced displacement in popular culture
2936:Immigration and Naturalization Service
2082:Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund
1868:Immigration and Refugee Protection Act
1677:Past and present legislation/treaties
1664:Asylum and refugee law by jurisdiction
1656:. The latter are most often placed in
1424:
3847:Salameh, Khaled (11 September 2017).
3777:
3775:
3773:
3771:
3420:
2344:Movement of Asylum Seekers in Ireland
876:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
846:or not is most often left to certain
780:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
700:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
3866:
3840:
3676:Keselman, Olga; et al. (2008).
3534:Intercultural Management in Practice
3346:
2896:Migration and Refugee Assistance Act
1621:
1503:Concerns in asylum-seeking processes
280:Regions with significant populations
47:Regions with significant populations
2733:Jews escaping to the United Kingdom
1680:Related organizations and programs
739:European Convention on Human Rights
265:Asylum Seekers by Country of Asylum
32:Asylum Seekers by Country of Origin
13:
3987:
3962:, ORAM. Retrieved 2020 December 4.
3953:
3768:
3587:Academy of Management Perspectives
2799:International Refugee Organization
1895:Hong Kong asylum seekers in Canada
1827:ComitĂŞ Nacional para os Refugiados
852:refugee status determination (RSD)
14:
4063:
3782:Bishop, Sarah C. (3 April 2022).
3626:Human Resource Management Journal
3542:10.1108/978-1-83982-826-320211011
2793:UN High Commissioner for Refugees
2430:Cartagena Declaration on Refugees
1824:National Committee for Refugees (
4014:
3999:Journal of Economic Perspectives
3005:, Netherlands asylum legislation
2867:
2753:
2740:
2645:
2610:
2581:
2550:
2537:
2505:
2496:Refugee Status Appeals Authority
2476:
2441:
2377:
2315:
2277:
2239:
2196:
2140:
2111:
2012:
1977:
1951:
1916:
1902:
1847:
1806:
1780:
1754:
1725:
1689:
631:White genocide conspiracy theory
405:
183:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3975:
3936:
3922:
3910:
3901:
3814:
3669:
3660:
3613:
3572:
3521:
3474:
3401:
3370:
3335:
3326:
3316:
3290:
3268:
3236:
3227:
2904:Immigration and Nationality Act
2888:Immigration and Nationality Act
2701:Asylum and Immigration Tribunal
2096:European Database on Asylum Law
3187:
3161:
3147:
3074:
3056:
2072:European Asylum Support Office
2043:Reception Conditions Directive
1592:
1410:Status determination processes
894:Statistics of asylum decisions
21:Asylum seeker (disambiguation)
1:
3800:10.1080/17513057.2021.1881146
3728:10.1080/20008198.2020.1771008
3049:
2565:Refugees and asylum in Russia
2304:UNHCR Representation in India
1745:Asylum Seeker Resource Centre
616:Criticism of multiculturalism
2988:Refugee identity certificate
2836:Refugee identity certificate
2299:Migration and Asylum Project
2025:Asylum in the European Union
866:Subsidiary protection status
7:
3875:Population, Space and Place
3450:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008784
2973:Internally displaced person
2956:
2880:Asylum in the United States
2061:Asylum Procedures Directive
2050:Policy Plan on Asylum, 2008
1613:
1605:
1482:Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz
10:
4068:
3993:Hatton, Timothy J. 2020. "
3682:Journal of Refugee Studies
3383:Journal of Refugee Studies
3122:Journal of Refugee Studies
3014:Transgender asylum seekers
2706:Asylum Support Partnership
2077:European Asylum Curriculum
1970:American fugitives in Cuba
1683:Related events and people
1625:
1532:third country resettlement
1463:
1450:
1413:
887:Temporary protection visas
771:
478:Indefinite leave to remain
18:
2949:Operation Provide Comfort
2912:United States Refugee Act
2804:UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador
2525:Norwegian Refugee Council
882:Temporary protection visa
733:or regionally applicable
626:Opposition to immigration
374:
364:
354:
344:
334:
324:
314:
304:
294:
284:
279:
274:
269:
251:
241:
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151:
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131:
121:
111:
101:
91:
81:
71:
61:
51:
46:
41:
36:
3969:
2716:Scottish Refugee Council
1939:Justice Centre Hong Kong
1773:Uyghur asylum in Albania
1460:Rights of asylum seekers
3638:10.1111/1748-8583.12352
2968:Impediment to expulsion
2846:Campaigns/initiatives:
2841:Refugee travel document
2666:Polish Resettlement Act
2603:Refugees on Jeju Island
2594:Refugees in South Korea
2489:Refugees in New Zealand
2128:Finnish Refugee Council
2104:European refugee crisis
2037:European Social Charter
1660:before being deported.
1650:return home voluntarily
819:1951 Refugee Convention
3632:(4): 1748–8583.12352.
2133:Immigration to Finland
2001:Danish Refugee Council
1793:Refugees in Azerbaijan
807:crime against humanity
799:
529:Immigrant assimilation
422:Immigration by country
3826:Refugeecouncil.org.uk
3599:10.5465/amp.2018.0150
3082:"Refugee Data Finder"
3064:"Refugee Data Finder"
3029:Amnesty International
3020:Related organizations
2726:Welsh Refugee Council
2339:Irish Refugee Council
1932:Refugees in Hong Kong
1658:immigration detention
1626:Further information:
1583:Stress-induced memory
1563:traumatic experiences
1490:emergency health care
1464:Further information:
1438:Individual assessment
1414:Further information:
871:Subsidiary protection
784:
772:Further information:
768:Asylum and protection
608:Opposition and reform
575:Replacement migration
570:Religious nationalism
3116:Horning, A. (2020).
2856:Nansen Refugee Award
2263:Hellenic Rescue Team
2176:France terre d'asile
19:For other uses, see
3716:Conflict and Health
3414:The Huffington Post
3395:10.1093/jrs/feac067
3304:on 22 December 2015
3134:10.1093/jrs/feaa034
1738:Asylum in Australia
1717:Africa Refugee Day
1636:Removal proceedings
1520:illegal immigration
1488:and are limited to
1425:Group determination
848:government agencies
483:Migration diplomacy
432:Illegal immigration
266:
33:
3694:10.1093/jrs/fem051
3499:10.1111/ijmr.12222
3366:on 3 October 2014.
2983:Refugee employment
2629:Be aware and share
2518:Refugees in Norway
2465:Association Najdeh
1711:Kampala Convention
1575:emotional distress
1516:immigration policy
621:Immigration reform
557:Political theories
524:Social integration
427:Immigration policy
264:
31:
4037:International law
3551:978-1-83982-827-0
2954:
2953:
2851:World Refugee Day
2831:Humanitarian visa
2764:
2761:League of Nations
2574:Edward Lee Howard
2561:
2354:Sanctuary Runners
2290:Refugees in India
2209:Asylum in Germany
2032:Dublin Regulation
1927:
1622:Refusal of asylum
1512:displaced persons
1407:
1406:
923:Otherwise closed
827:international law
758:illegal immigrant
708:illegal immigrant
698:according to the
688:
687:
565:Civic nationalism
538:Acculturation Gap
384:
383:
259:
258:
4059:
4052:Forced migration
4019:
4018:
4010:
3982:
3979:
3963:
3957:
3951:
3940:
3934:
3933:
3926:
3920:
3914:
3908:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3887:10.1002/psp.1723
3870:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3844:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3833:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3779:
3766:
3765:
3755:
3707:
3698:
3697:
3673:
3667:
3664:
3658:
3657:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3584:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3461:
3429:
3418:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3359:. Archived from
3358:
3350:
3344:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3324:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3278:. Irb-cisr.gc.ca
3272:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3256:on 12 March 2016
3255:
3249:. Archived from
3248:
3240:
3234:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3217:
3208:
3203:
3194:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3170:"Asylum-Seekers"
3165:
3159:
3158:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3113:
3104:
3099:
3090:
3089:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3060:
2993:Refugee roulette
2873:
2871:
2870:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2750:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2658:Asylum in the UK
2651:
2649:
2648:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2547:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2421:
2406:Eduard Stavytsky
2383:
2381:
2380:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2153:Asylum in France
2146:
2144:
2143:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2018:
2016:
2015:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1913:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1860:Asylum in Canada
1853:
1851:
1850:
1836:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1668:
1667:
1445:machine learning
917:Other Protection
905:
904:
797:
741:, if within the
680:
673:
666:
647:Economic migrant
595:Plurinationalism
590:Multiculturalism
549:Social exclusion
516:Social processes
508:Voluntary return
409:
386:
385:
275:6,858,499 (2023)
270:Total population
267:
263:
42:6,858,499 (2023)
37:Total population
34:
30:
4067:
4066:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4013:
4005:
3990:
3988:Further reading
3985:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3967:
3966:
3958:
3954:
3941:
3937:
3928:
3927:
3923:
3915:
3911:
3906:
3902:
3871:
3867:
3857:
3855:
3845:
3841:
3831:
3829:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3780:
3769:
3708:
3701:
3674:
3670:
3665:
3661:
3618:
3614:
3577:
3573:
3564:
3562:
3552:
3526:
3522:
3479:
3475:
3444:(11): e008784.
3430:
3421:
3406:
3402:
3375:
3371:
3363:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3340:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3281:
3279:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3246:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3232:
3228:
3219:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3192:
3188:
3178:
3176:
3166:
3162:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3138:
3136:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3052:
3022:
2959:
2920:Immigration Act
2868:
2866:
2826:Documentation:
2789:Organizations:
2754:
2752:
2741:
2739:
2711:Refugee Council
2646:
2644:
2611:
2609:
2582:
2580:
2551:
2549:
2538:
2536:
2506:
2504:
2477:
2475:
2442:
2440:
2419:
2378:
2376:
2316:
2314:
2278:
2276:
2240:
2238:
2197:
2195:
2141:
2139:
2112:
2110:
2013:
2011:
1996:Center Sandholm
1978:
1976:
1952:
1950:
1917:
1915:
1903:
1901:
1848:
1846:
1830:
1807:
1805:
1781:
1779:
1755:
1753:
1726:
1724:
1690:
1688:
1666:
1654:non-refoulement
1638:
1624:
1616:
1608:
1595:
1559:
1543:Quality of life
1505:
1499:
1494:psychotherapist
1468:
1466:Right of asylum
1462:
1453:
1440:
1427:
1422:
1412:
896:
884:
868:
854:is done by the
844:right of asylum
821:and 146 to the
798:
793:
776:
774:Right of asylum
770:
716:non-refoulement
696:right of asylum
684:
600:Ethnocentricism
580:Social cohesion
493:Right of asylum
488:Non-refoulement
473:Externalization
468:Immigration law
448:Border security
440:History and law
262:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4065:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4024:
4023:
4003:
4002:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3952:
3935:
3921:
3909:
3900:
3881:(6): 715–727.
3865:
3839:
3813:
3794:(2): 185–203.
3767:
3699:
3668:
3659:
3612:
3593:(3): 461–484.
3571:
3550:
3520:
3493:(2): 193–216.
3473:
3419:
3400:
3389:(2): 238–270.
3369:
3345:
3334:
3325:
3315:
3289:
3267:
3235:
3226:
3209:
3195:
3186:
3160:
3146:
3128:(2): 390–415.
3105:
3091:
3073:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3000:
2998:Sanctuary city
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2938:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2916:
2908:
2900:
2892:
2882:
2877:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2824:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2777:
2767:
2765:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2690:UK Borders Act
2686:
2678:
2670:
2660:
2655:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2591:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2562:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2520:
2515:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2493:
2491:
2486:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2427:
2425:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2401:Usumain Baraka
2396:
2394:
2392:
2387:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2368:Lucky Khambule
2365:
2363:Bulelani Mfaco
2358:
2357:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2294:
2292:
2287:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2213:
2211:
2206:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2179:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2155:
2150:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2039:
2034:
2027:
2022:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1862:
1857:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1838:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1790:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1740:
1735:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1701:
1699:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1665:
1662:
1646:illegal aliens
1642:refugee status
1623:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1594:
1591:
1558:
1555:
1504:
1501:
1461:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1439:
1436:
1426:
1423:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
985:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
965:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
949:
945:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
925:
924:
921:
918:
915:
914:Asylum Granted
912:
909:
895:
892:
883:
880:
867:
864:
791:
769:
766:
743:European Union
727:refugee status
686:
685:
683:
682:
675:
668:
660:
657:
656:
655:
654:
649:
641:
640:
636:
635:
634:
633:
628:
623:
618:
610:
609:
605:
604:
603:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
559:
558:
554:
553:
552:
551:
546:
541:
531:
526:
518:
517:
513:
512:
511:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
442:
441:
437:
436:
435:
434:
429:
424:
416:
415:
411:
410:
402:
401:
395:
394:
382:
381:
378:
372:
371:
368:
362:
361:
358:
352:
351:
348:
342:
341:
338:
332:
331:
328:
322:
321:
318:
312:
311:
308:
302:
301:
298:
292:
291:
288:
282:
281:
277:
276:
272:
271:
260:
257:
256:
253:
249:
248:
245:
239:
238:
235:
229:
228:
225:
219:
218:
215:
209:
208:
205:
199:
198:
195:
189:
188:
185:
179:
178:
175:
169:
168:
165:
159:
158:
155:
149:
148:
145:
139:
138:
135:
129:
128:
125:
119:
118:
115:
109:
108:
105:
99:
98:
95:
89:
88:
85:
79:
78:
75:
69:
68:
65:
59:
58:
55:
49:
48:
44:
43:
39:
38:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4064:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4011:
4008:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3991:
3978:
3974:
3961:
3956:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3931:
3925:
3919:
3913:
3904:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3869:
3854:
3850:
3843:
3827:
3823:
3817:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3763:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3706:
3704:
3695:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3672:
3663:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3616:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3588:
3583:
3575:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3524:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3477:
3469:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3404:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3373:
3362:
3355:
3349:
3343:
3338:
3329:
3319:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3277:
3271:
3252:
3245:
3239:
3230:
3222:
3216:
3214:
3207:
3202:
3200:
3190:
3175:
3171:
3164:
3156:
3150:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3110:
3103:
3098:
3096:
3087:
3083:
3077:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3055:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3009:Statelessness
3007:
3004:
3003:Spreidingswet
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
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2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2963:Church asylum
2961:
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2450:
2439:
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2435:
2433:
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2428:
2426:
2424:
2423:Latin America
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2194:
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2173:
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2149:
2138:
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2026:
2023:
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2010:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
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1990:
1988:
1986:
1975:
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1971:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
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1933:
1930:
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1925:
1911:
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1723:
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1716:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1697:African Union
1687:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1671:Jurisdiction
1670:
1669:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
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1633:
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1619:
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1569:
1564:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1528:
1526:
1525:illegal entry
1521:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1467:
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1216:
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1210:
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1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
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1179:
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1027:
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1016:
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1006:
1002:
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996:
993:
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987:
986:
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979:
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901:
891:
888:
879:
877:
872:
863:
859:
857:
853:
849:
845:
840:
837:
834:and the 1967
833:
828:
824:
823:1967 Protocol
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
796:
790:
787:
783:
781:
775:
765:
763:
759:
755:
751:
750:asylum seeker
746:
744:
740:
737:—such as the
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
717:
714:in line with
713:
709:
703:
701:
697:
693:
692:asylum seeker
681:
676:
674:
669:
667:
662:
661:
659:
658:
653:
650:
648:
645:
644:
643:
642:
638:
637:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
613:
612:
611:
607:
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601:
598:
596:
593:
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588:
586:
583:
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573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
562:
561:
560:
556:
555:
550:
547:
545:
542:
539:
535:
534:Acculturation
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
521:
520:
519:
515:
514:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
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486:
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430:
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425:
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419:
418:
417:
413:
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408:
404:
403:
400:
397:
396:
392:
388:
387:
379:
377:
373:
369:
367:
363:
359:
357:
353:
349:
347:
343:
339:
337:
333:
329:
327:
323:
319:
317:
313:
309:
307:
303:
299:
297:
293:
289:
287:
283:
278:
273:
268:
254:
250:
246:
244:
240:
236:
234:
230:
226:
224:
220:
216:
214:
210:
206:
204:
200:
196:
194:
190:
186:
184:
180:
176:
174:
170:
166:
164:
160:
156:
154:
150:
146:
144:
140:
136:
134:
130:
126:
124:
120:
116:
114:
110:
106:
104:
100:
96:
94:
90:
86:
84:
80:
76:
74:
70:
66:
64:
60:
56:
54:
50:
45:
40:
35:
26:
22:
4042:Human rights
4001:34(1):75-93.
3998:
3977:
3955:
3938:
3924:
3912:
3903:
3878:
3874:
3868:
3856:. Retrieved
3852:
3842:
3830:. Retrieved
3828:. 7 May 2014
3825:
3816:
3791:
3787:
3719:
3715:
3685:
3681:
3671:
3662:
3629:
3625:
3615:
3590:
3586:
3574:
3565:27 September
3563:, retrieved
3533:
3523:
3490:
3486:
3476:
3441:
3437:
3412:
3403:
3386:
3382:
3372:
3361:the original
3348:
3337:
3328:
3318:
3306:. Retrieved
3302:the original
3292:
3280:. Retrieved
3270:
3258:. Retrieved
3251:the original
3238:
3229:
3189:
3177:. Retrieved
3173:
3163:
3149:
3139:27 September
3137:. Retrieved
3125:
3121:
3085:
3076:
3067:
3058:
2919:
2911:
2903:
2895:
2887:
2845:
2825:
2780:
2772:
2689:
2681:
2673:
2665:
2615:
2558:Soviet Union
2220:(offered by
2181:
2174:
2060:
2042:
1912:
1866:
1826:
1639:
1632:Repatriation
1617:
1609:
1600:
1596:
1587:
1580:
1572:
1560:
1541:
1537:
1529:
1509:
1506:
1498:
1486:primary care
1481:
1469:
1454:
1441:
1428:
897:
885:
869:
860:
841:
800:
788:
785:
777:
761:
757:
753:
749:
747:
735:refugee laws
720:
704:
691:
689:
458:Repatriation
261:Ethnic group
28:Ethnic group
25:
3688:: 103–116.
3308:18 December
2618:Switzerland
2589:South Korea
2530:Rafał Gaweł
2484:New Zealand
2449:Middle East
2411:Payam Feili
1831: [
1628:Deportation
1593:Destitution
1473:move freely
1431:prima facie
639:Causes
544:Persecution
463:Deportation
453:Citizenship
399:Immigration
223:El Salvador
93:Afghanistan
4031:Categories
3948:LĂ©gifrance
3744:8653932484
3722:(14): 48.
3407:Shaw, Jan
3050:References
1788:Azerbaijan
1568:narratives
1547:depression
1083:1,340,135
943:1,092,760
748:The terms
725:and given
366:Costa Rica
3960:Home page
3895:1544-8444
3858:15 August
3808:1751-3057
3736:1752-1505
3654:234855263
3646:0954-5395
3607:1558-9080
3560:238706123
3515:216204168
3507:1460-8545
3323:37897941.
3260:31 August
3174:Unhcr.org
2258:METAdrasi
1924:Hong Kong
1837:, CONARE)
1733:Australia
1391:1,090,296
1351:1,010,251
1331:1,002,084
1111:1,393,642
1091:1,647,628
1071:2,844,805
1051:2,006,176
1031:1,647,261
1011:1,730,880
991:1,381,088
971:1,422,047
951:2,057,838
931:2,498,303
813:and 1967
803:war crime
290:2,601,467
163:Guatemala
73:Nicaragua
57:1,200,130
53:Venezuela
4047:Refugees
4021:politics
3762:32699551
3468:26537498
3438:BMJ Open
2957:See also
2795:(UNHCR)
2228:Pro Asyl
1674:Article
1614:Identity
1606:Vacation
1477:refugees
1403:249,475
1383:245,155
1363:261,728
1343:285,406
1323:266,665
1303:263,110
1283:193,757
1263:174,206
1243:154,869
1223:161,411
1203:152,667
1183:192,043
1163:204,849
1143:218,869
1123:349,210
1103:465,690
1063:520,689
1043:514,242
1023:494,663
1003:379,044
983:398,015
963:756,596
920:Rejected
792:—
712:deported
585:Nativism
391:a series
389:Part of
203:Ethiopia
123:Honduras
83:Colombia
3832:16 July
3753:7473035
3459:4636623
3282:16 July
3179:16 July
2943:(USCIS)
2751:(incl.
2548:(incl.
2323:Ireland
2204:Germany
2119:Finland
2087:Eurodac
1985:Denmark
1944:Zouxian
1914:(incl.
1762:Albania
1451:Appeals
1400:543,111
1394:203,350
1380:452,180
1374:169,283
1371:946,486
1360:524,552
1354:161,926
1340:522,096
1334:146,358
1320:445,057
1314:128,182
1311:891,175
1300:361,864
1294:153,057
1291:829,228
1280:306,655
1274:141,358
1271:692,537
1260:260,306
1254:149,460
1251:644,001
1240:325,688
1234:156,297
1231:706,269
1220:321,589
1214:229,008
1211:762,119
1200:355,271
1194:174,983
1191:730,596
1180:359,759
1174:172,467
1171:768,675
1160:436,913
1154:210,828
1151:913,275
1140:375,408
1134:213,642
1131:880,516
1120:429,690
1117:336,783
1114:277,959
1100:500,805
1097:237,475
1094:443,658
1080:604,795
1077:335,016
1074:564,859
1060:753,286
1057:248,316
1054:483,885
1040:633,046
1037:148,849
1034:351,123
1020:664,540
1017:123,555
1014:446,842
1000:542,999
997:108,794
994:350,791
980:528,552
977:114,406
974:381,074
960:584,481
957:181,210
954:535,551
940:581,725
937:210,910
934:612,908
754:refugee
723:refugee
498:Refugee
414:General
380:152,942
370:193,718
360:197,961
350:204,270
340:222,069
330:232,244
320:257,396
310:361,493
306:Germany
300:508,429
252:Unknown
247:104,892
243:Eritrea
237:114,669
227:133,042
217:137,143
207:139,424
197:142,607
187:153,142
177:156,309
167:176,035
157:179,224
153:Somalia
147:182,954
137:192,202
127:216,873
117:228,443
107:253,902
97:296,033
87:301,824
77:308,032
67:329,692
4007:Portal
3893:
3853:dw.com
3806:
3760:
3750:
3742:
3734:
3652:
3644:
3605:
3558:
3548:
3513:
3505:
3466:
3456:
2922:, 1990
2914:, 1980
2906:, 1965
2898:, 1962
2890:, 1952
2872:
2783:, 1967
2775:, 1951
2758:
2745:
2692:, 2007
2684:, 2004
2676:, 2002
2668:, 1947
2650:
2634:UniRef
2586:
2555:
2545:Russia
2542:
2513:Norway
2510:
2481:
2446:
2420:
2385:Israel
2382:
2320:
2282:
2247:Greece
2244:
2201:
2148:France
2145:
2116:
2063:, 2013
2045:, 2003
2020:Europe
2017:
1982:
1956:
1921:
1907:
1855:Canada
1852:
1814:Brazil
1811:
1785:
1759:
1730:
1694:
1634:, and
1418:, and
1397:93,392
1377:79,652
1357:62,105
1337:49,099
1317:51,212
1297:51,197
1277:50,711
1257:60,051
1237:63,889
1217:50,615
1197:47,676
1177:43,714
1157:50,902
1137:72,597
762:asylee
356:Canada
336:Turkey
316:Mexico
255:95,550
233:Russia
173:Mexico
3970:Notes
3650:S2CID
3556:S2CID
3511:S2CID
3364:(PDF)
3357:(PDF)
3254:(PDF)
3247:(PDF)
3086:UNHCR
3068:UNHCR
2721:Unity
2334:Doras
2285:India
2222:UNHCR
1910:China
1835:]
911:Total
900:UNHCR
856:UNHCR
805:or a
376:Kenya
346:Spain
326:Egypt
213:China
193:India
143:Syria
113:Haiti
103:Sudan
3918:355.
3891:ISSN
3860:2024
3834:2016
3804:ISSN
3758:PMID
3740:OCLC
3732:ISSN
3642:ISSN
3603:ISSN
3567:2021
3546:ISBN
3503:ISSN
3464:PMID
3310:2015
3284:2016
3262:2015
3181:2016
3141:2020
2349:Nasc
1959:Cuba
1551:PTSD
1388:2000
1368:2001
1348:2002
1328:2003
1308:2004
1288:2005
1268:2006
1248:2007
1228:2008
1208:2009
1188:2010
1168:2011
1148:2012
1128:2013
1108:2014
1088:2015
1068:2016
1048:2017
1028:2018
1008:2019
988:2020
968:2021
948:2022
928:2023
908:Year
756:and
503:Visa
296:Peru
133:Iraq
63:Cuba
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