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Millennium Cross

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171: 183: 195: 27: 344: 109: 954: 1024: 140:(MOC) endorsed the proposal and initiated the project. Construction of the cross in 2002 was an enterprise stemming from the pro-Orthodox policies of the MOC that had the backing of Prime Minister Georgievski. The Millennium Cross project was named by government officials as the Symbol of Christianity. The top part of a hill on Vodno Mountain was publicly owned land and selected as the site for the monument in an area of Skopje populated mainly by ethnic 330: 95:. Inside the cross there is an elevator to the top level for views of Skopje. From the south side of the city the towering Millennium Cross atop Vodno mountain dominates the panorama of Skopje. The monument is visible from almost all areas of the capital and its presence is felt by strolling urban residents or people entering the city as it draws focal attention. At night the cross can be seen as its covered in thousands of lights. 316: 290:
The cross has come under criticism from non-governmental organisations regarding actions taken by the government that increased tensions among various religions in North Macedonia. Separate to the Macedonians, all other ethnic groups in North Macedonia view the cross as an impediment toward managing
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Following the 2001 conflict, the Millennium Cross for the VMRO-DPMNE government served as a political claim on Skopje in the form of a territorial marker "to serve as a reminder to whom the city belongs". The Millennium Cross has become a symbol highlighting the Macedonian presence in Skopje through
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that did not recognise an independent Macedonian Orthodox Church. The monument was constructed without any public consultation or taking into account sensitivities and differences, as the Millennium Cross promoted one religion. It was a prominent act of de-secularisation by the government as it
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within the region. The monument has become a symbol associated with or representing Skopje. As a landmark, the cross has turned into a tourist destination with the best observation point to see the panorama of the capital city.
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perceive the monument as aimed against their communities. Debates over the monument in the context of multiculturalism and Muslim equality have deepened divisions among members of various faiths in North Macedonia.
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and half a mile distance from a military base. In August 2002 a dedication ceremony was held for the Millennium Cross and 70,000 people were in attendance. Construction of the monument was completed in 2019.
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of any political affiliation, the Millennium Cross is an important political and national symbol. The construction of the cross was also an assertion of a 1000-year Macedonian autocephaly aimed against the
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and other Muslim groups of North Macedonia mostly resent the monument and view it as a political declaration by Macedonians that the capital city only belongs to them. In North Macedonia,
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and has the traditional shape of a Christian cross without other additions or elements. It is constructed on a twelve column platform symbolically representing the
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The ropeway includes 28 regular gondolas for eight persons and two VIP gondolas for four people. The route is 1,750m long, with the ride lasting 6–8 minutes.
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The construction of the Millennium Cross was funded by the Macedonian Orthodox Church, the Macedonian government and donations from
1238: 1223: 587: 428: 160:, an elevator was installed inside the cross. In 2019, a restaurant and a souvenir shop were opened next to the cross. In 2011 the 121: 968: 152:
from all over the world. The cross was built on the highest point of the Vodno mountain on a place known since the time of the
983: 66:. Built in 2002, it is one of the tallest crosses worldwide. It was constructed to serve as a memorial for 2,000 years of 20: 1305: 1401: 1595: 1366: 1300: 296: 157: 182: 742: 706: 665: 633: 599: 440: 194: 1356: 940: 533: 156:
as "Krstovar", meaning "Place of the cross", as there was a smaller cross situated there. On 8 September 2018, the
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placed itself in a role of promoting religion by installing a faith based symbol in an important public location.
1479: 1320: 1346: 1233: 1228: 993: 622:"Public Memory in Post-Conflcitt Skopje: Civic Art as Resistance to Narratives of Ethnicity and Disintegration" 1096: 223: 388:"The Political Uses and Social Lives of "National Heroes": Controversies over Skanderbeg's Statue in Skopje" 1752: 1747: 1325: 1310: 292: 1013: 1794: 1625: 1610: 796: 1768: 1605: 1585: 1381: 1076: 842: 265: 149: 141: 137: 523:"The struggle over memory hidden in the contemporary cityscape: the example of Skopje 2014, Macedonia" 1371: 1285: 1172: 1043: 1474: 136:
government raised the idea of constructing the Millennium Cross in his efforts to gain support. The
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constructed in 2011 that runs to the 66 metre-high Millennium Cross situated on the top of the
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cultural diversity and as a monument of fundamentalism that is provocative to non-Christians.
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The cable car does not run on Mondays and the last Tuesday of the month.
815:(Report). Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies. p. 5 1429: 1182: 658:
Reinventing Eastern Europe: Imaginaries, Identities and Transformations
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The ropeway construction was launched in May 2010 and cost 6.7 million
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differentiation along with political and religious distinction. For
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Infrastructure Investment in the Western Balkans: A First Analysis
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Post-conflict performance, film and visual arts: Cities of memory
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Serbia Since 1989: Politics and Society Under Milošević and After
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The monument is based on a grid design, similar to the French
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Identity Studies in the Caucasus and the Black Sea Region
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For the cross of the same name in Amesbury, England, see
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in Macedonia and to honour biblical passages citing the
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Holzner, Mario; Schwarzhappel, Monika (October 2018).
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View of the Millennium Cross from the center of Skopje
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was opened, and is three and a half kilometres long.
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Holocaust Memorial Center for the Jews of Macedonia
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Independence Day of the Republic of North Macedonia
608: 271: 1805:2002 establishments in the Republic of Macedonia 1781: 1656:Vasil Antevski-Dren Economical/Legal High School 777: 775: 619: 435:. University of Washington Press. p. 269. 21:List of public art in Wiltshire § Amesbury 1810:Monuments and memorials completed in the 2000s 857: 456: 454: 452: 934: 792: 790: 674: 647: 645: 581: 579: 577: 550: 429:"The Politics of the Serbian Orthodox Church" 205: 104:Planning and construction of Millennium Cross 836: 834: 832: 830: 772: 516: 514: 512: 510: 508: 506: 504: 724: 722: 720: 718: 686: 660:. Transnational Press London. p. 106. 562: 491: 489: 487: 485: 483: 481: 449: 381: 379: 377: 375: 373: 1815:Buildings and structures completed in 2002 1800:Monuments and memorials in North Macedonia 1666:Mihailo Pupin Electrotechnical High School 941: 927: 787: 642: 574: 466: 422: 420: 418: 416: 827: 699:Islam, Religions, and Pluralism in Europe 620:Poposki, Zoran; Todorova, Marija (2016). 594:. Indiana University Press. p. 256. 501: 1661:Ilija Nikolovski-Luj Musical High School 1651:Dr. Panče Karagjozov Medical High School 863: 781: 715: 692: 585: 568: 556: 478: 460: 370: 128:As elections approached, Prime Minister 107: 25: 1244:Church of the Nativity of the Theotokos 948: 840: 680: 651: 624:. In O'Rawe, Des; Phelan, Mark (eds.). 520: 495: 472: 413: 1782: 385: 922: 728: 426: 50:) is a 66-metre (217 ft) tall 1616:Rade Jovčevski-Korčagin High School 82: 30:Aerial View of The Millennium Cross 13: 1790:Buildings and structures in Skopje 1596:University American College Skopje 1591:Ss. Cyril and Methodius University 737:. Council of Europe. p. 122. 14: 1826: 1296:Museum of the Macedonian Struggle 590:. In Montgomery, David W. (ed.). 112:View of Millennium Cross, Skopje. 1402:Training Centre Petar Miloševski 1367:Independent Macedonia sport hall 1224:Church of the Ascension of Jesus 1022: 952: 735:Intercultural dialogue on Campus 342: 328: 314: 193: 181: 169: 1321:Memorial House of Mother Teresa 751: 693:Pajaziti, Ali (13 April 2016). 252: 1347:Boris Trajkovski Sports Center 588:"Life among Statues in Skopje" 272:Public opinion and controversy 1: 1229:Church of St Clement of Ohrid 1097:Reconstruction of Skopje 1963 363: 126:inter-ethnic conflict of 2001 1753:Transportation Center Skopje 1326:Historical Archive of Skopje 592:Everyday Life in the Balkans 264:, built by Austrian company 7: 1626:Josip Broz Tito High School 1611:Georgi Dimitrov High School 864:Kosiński, Wojciech (2014). 307: 244:Republic of North Macedonia 10: 1831: 1769:List of people from Skopje 1646:Lazar Ličenoski Art School 1641:Panče Arsovski High School 1606:Nova International Schools 1480:FK Makedonija Ǵorče Petrov 1306:Museum of Contemporary Art 1077:Timeline of Skopje history 1020: 530:Journal of Urban Ethnology 521:Koziura, Karolina (2014). 427:Ramet, Sabrina P. (2005). 228:Žičnica "Mileniumski krst" 220:Жичница „Милениумски крст“ 212:Millennium Cross Cable Car 206:Millennium Cross Cable Car 200:View from Skopje City Mall 138:Macedonian Orthodox Church 98: 62:above the capital city of 18: 1761: 1740: 1674: 1573: 1415: 1334: 1291:Museum of North Macedonia 1286:Cinematheque of Macedonia 1278: 1257: 1216: 1105: 1067: 1044:Skopje Statistical Region 1031: 961: 841:Vangeli, Anastas (2010). 701:. Springer. p. 199. 656:. In Doğan, Evinç (ed.). 652:Čamprag, Nebojša (2019). 628:. Springer. p. 100. 219: 122:independence of Macedonia 43: 1631:Nikola Karev High School 1621:Orce Nikolov High School 1352:Boris Trajkovski Stadium 1239:Church of St Panteleimon 398:(4): 529. Archived from 188:Millennium Cross ropeway 162:Millennium Cross ropeway 16:Cross in North Macedonia 905:41.965098°N 21.394549°E 766:April 30, 2009, at the 586:Thiessen, Ilka (2018). 386:Ragaru, Nadege (2008). 284:Serbian Orthodox Church 279:Macedonian nationalists 54:situated on the top of 1722:Skopje Summer Festival 1636:Kočo Racin High School 1475:FK Madžari Solidarnost 1279:Museums & Archives 1092:1963 Skopje earthquake 1082:1555 Skopje earthquake 350:North Macedonia portal 113: 31: 1450:FK Goce Delčev Skopje 729:Arifi, Qatip (2009). 683:, pp. 90, 92–93. 559:, pp. 47–48, 78. 532:: 108. Archived from 118:breakup of Yugoslavia 111: 29: 1717:Skopje Jazz Festival 1712:Skopje Film Festival 1470:FK Lokomotiva Skopje 1377:Jane Sandanski Arena 1372:Ǵorče Petrov Stadium 1362:Cementarnica Stadium 1265:Mustafa Pasha Mosque 1234:Church of St Nicetas 910:41.965098; 21.394549 1601:Yahya Kemal College 1586:European University 1510:FK Sloga Jugomagnat 1407:Železarnica Stadium 1270:Sultan Murad Mosque 1087:Skopje fire of 1689 901: /  336:Christianity portal 1795:Monumental crosses 1545:RK Metalurg Skopje 1485:FK Metalurg Skopje 1445:FK Cementarnica 55 1387:Toše Proeski Arena 1382:Lokomotiva Stadium 1311:Skopje City Museum 873:Przestrzeń I Forma 784:, pp. 48, 79. 571:, pp. 48, 78. 463:, pp. 47, 78. 322:Visual Arts portal 130:Ljubčo Georgievski 114: 32: 1777: 1776: 1687:Dance Fest Skopje 1460:FK Ilinden Skopje 1249:Marko's Monastery 1173:Skanderbeg Square 1049:Skopska Crna Gora 475:, pp. 90–91. 224:in Latin alphabet 1822: 1702:Skopje Book Fair 1550:RK Tineks Prolet 1465:KK Karpoš Sokoli 1435:FK Balkan Skopje 1301:National Gallery 1143:Millennium Cross 1138:Macedonia Square 1026: 956: 943: 936: 929: 920: 919: 916: 915: 913: 912: 911: 906: 902: 899: 898: 897: 894: 881: 880: 870: 861: 855: 854: 838: 825: 824: 822: 820: 814: 805: 799: 794: 785: 779: 770: 762: 755: 749: 748: 726: 713: 712: 690: 684: 678: 672: 671: 649: 640: 639: 617: 606: 605: 583: 572: 566: 560: 554: 548: 547: 545: 544: 538: 527: 518: 499: 493: 476: 470: 464: 458: 447: 446: 424: 411: 410: 408: 407: 383: 352: 347: 346: 345: 338: 333: 332: 324: 319: 318: 221: 197: 185: 173: 83:Design structure 48:Mileniumski krst 45: 44:Милениумски крст 36:Millennium Cross 1830: 1829: 1825: 1824: 1823: 1821: 1820: 1819: 1780: 1779: 1778: 1773: 1757: 1736: 1692:Oro Bez Granici 1670: 1569: 1455:FK Gorno Lisiče 1411: 1330: 1274: 1253: 1212: 1188:Sobranie Palace 1178:Skopje Aqueduct 1158:Porta Macedonia 1101: 1063: 1027: 1018: 957: 947: 909: 907: 903: 900: 895: 892: 890: 888: 887: 885: 884: 868: 862: 858: 839: 828: 818: 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1123:Kale Fortress 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1108: 1104: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1066: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1025: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1007: 1005: 1002: 1000: 997: 995: 992: 990: 987: 985: 982: 980: 977: 975: 972: 970: 967: 966: 964: 960: 955: 951: 944: 939: 937: 932: 930: 925: 924: 921: 917: 914: 878: 874: 867: 860: 852: 848: 844: 837: 835: 833: 831: 811: 804: 798: 793: 791: 783: 782:Kosiński 2014 778: 776: 769: 765: 759: 754: 746: 744:9789287165039 740: 736: 732: 725: 723: 721: 719: 710: 708:9783658129620 704: 700: 696: 689: 682: 677: 669: 667:9781910781876 663: 659: 655: 648: 646: 637: 635:9781137439550 631: 627: 623: 616: 614: 612: 603: 601:9780253038203 597: 593: 589: 582: 580: 578: 570: 569:Kosiński 2014 565: 558: 557:Kosiński 2014 553: 539:on 2019-03-06 535: 531: 524: 517: 515: 513: 511: 509: 507: 505: 498:, p. 90. 497: 492: 490: 488: 486: 484: 482: 474: 469: 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Index

List of public art in Wiltshire § Amesbury

Macedonian
cross
Vodno
North Macedonia
Skopje
Christianity
evangelisation
St. Paul
Eiffel Tower
twelve apostles

breakup of Yugoslavia
independence of Macedonia
inter-ethnic conflict of 2001
Ljubčo Georgievski
VMRO-DPMNE
Macedonian Orthodox Church
Macedonians
Macedonians
Ottoman Empire
Independence Day of the Republic of North Macedonia
Millennium Cross ropeway
View of the Millennium Cross from the center of Skopje
Millennium Cross ropeway
View from Skopje City Mall
Macedonian
in Latin alphabet
cableway

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