224:, who had been the last of the original members voted in before its collapse. During Keeter's tenure as chairman, the name was changed to the United Fanzine Organization, and a new constitution was adopted. Notable members during this second phase of UFO history included Jim Main,
258:
When the UFO again disbanded during the early 1980s, it was revived yet again by Jim Main. The group has continued ever since, and many of the finest publishers in the comics small press have been, and continue to be members. Chairmen have included Ian Shires,
173:
Chuck
Robinson II, Dwight Decker, Ed Romero, Gordon Matthews; Steve Keeter, Jim Main, Kurt Erichsen, Larry Johnson, Don Fortier, Rod Snyder; Ian Shires, J. Kevin Carrier, Nik Dirga, Sam Gafford, John Yeo Jr., Bob Elinskas, Jason DeGroot, Nic
198:
or APAs. The difference is that an APA is helmed by a central mailer, to whom the members send copies of their publications. The central mailer then compiles all the books into one large volume, which is then mailed out to the membership in
206:
In a co-op, however, there is no central mailer; the members distribute their own works, and are linked by a group newsletter, a group symbol that appears on each member work, and a group checklist in every member zine.
246:, one of the most prominent and highest-circulation 'zines of the day, was also a member. The UFO's monthly newsletter, reproduced by ditto, mimeo, photocopying, or later by offset printing, was known as
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While each of these groups has its own distinctive character, they all follow the basic co-op format that was established by
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287:, who had been the group's chairman three times previously -- in the mid-1970s, late 1980s and early 1990s.
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203:. Some APAs are still active, and some are published as virtual "e-zines," distributed on the internet.
283:
succeeded
Carcieri as chairman in November 2010. The most recent UFO chairman (beginning in 2020) is
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The original BPP disbanded in early 1972, but was revived later that same year by
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There have been a number of other co-ops created over the years, including:
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20:
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Official site of the United
Fanzine Organization (UFO) (2011 to present)
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346:— a new group appropriating the original name, begun by Jim Main and
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27:
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entity for trading and promoting small press comics and fanzines
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382:
46:
creators that has existed since about 1968, when it was called
23:
465:
724:
608:
200:
190:
The BPP was the first small press minicomics co-op. The term
451:
Archive of UFO site during Mike Hall's tenure (early 2000s)
392:
54:, at that point the publisher of a comics fanzine called
436:
Old UFO site during Nic
Carcieri's tenure (2008–2010)
58:, created the BPP; among its earliest members were
279:. Longtime small-press cartoonist/self-publisher
446:Old UFO site during Jim Coon's tenure (mid-2000s)
1167:
412:Rhode Island Comic Creators Announce Assembly.
491:
441:UFO blog during Jason DeGroot's tenure (2006)
30:. The most well-known of these co-ops is the
505:
498:
484:
215:
19:are entities for trading and promoting
1168:
479:
253:
183:unitedfanzineorganization.weebly.com
13:
801:List of American independent films
14:
1202:
1191:Cooperatives in the United States
1186:Organizations established in 1968
424:
415:New England Small Press Assembly.
335:Self Publisher Association (SPA)
711:Experimental musical instrument
290:
405:
48:Blue Plaque Publications (BPP)
1:
1155:Social peer-to-peer processes
398:
194:has often been confused with
7:
373:List of minicomics creators
361:
300:Small Press Syndicate (SPS)
125:; 56 years ago
99:United Fanzine Organization
93:
32:United Fanzine Organization
10:
1207:
210:
196:Amateur Press Associations
72:True Fan Adventure Theatre
1105:
1044:
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791:American eccentric cinema
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732:
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599:Amateur press association
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155:
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119:
111:
103:
305:Small Press League (SPL)
248:Tetragrammaton Fragments
115:Blue Plaque Publications
1181:Publishing cooperatives
781:Cinema of Transgression
378:Cartoonists Co-Op Press
216:BPP disbands; UFO forms
1097:Independent TV station
1026:Independent soft drink
992:Open-source video game
506:Independent production
1077:Visionary environment
776:Independent animation
307:— founded in 1986 by
1089:Independent circuit
919:Open-source software
818:Guerrilla filmmaking
240:. For a short time,
1057:Amateur photography
750:Amateur pornography
698:Musical instruments
678:Tracker (MOD) music
100:
521:Alternative comics
461:Small Press League
254:1980s: UFO revival
243:The Comics Journal
98:
1163:
1162:
1113:Independent media
1005:
1004:
924:Software cracking
886:
885:
813:Exploitation film
719:
718:
688:Underground music
636:Open-source label
621:Independent music
526:Alternative manga
188:
187:
60:Chuck Robinson II
17:Minicomics Co-ops
1198:
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929:Unofficial patch
897:
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786:Independent film
730:
729:
660:Cassette culture
614:
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267:, John Yeo Jr.,
261:J. Kevin Carrier
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863:Low-budget film
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838:'60s–'70s
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589:Self-publishing
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84:Gordon Matthews
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1123:Do it yourself
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878:Double feature
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873:No wave cinema
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868:No-budget film
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858:Midnight movie
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471:Zine-A-Polooza
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425:External links
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62:(publisher of
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914:Free software
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904:Cowboy coding
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466:Purrsia Press
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417:17 Oct. 2009.
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358:decades ago.
357:
349:
345:
342:
340:
337:— founded by
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
322:
321:David Cushman
318:
314:
313:Andrew Roller
310:
306:
303:
301:
298:
297:
296:
288:
286:
282:
281:Steve Shipley
278:
274:
273:Jason DeGroot
270:
266:
263:, Nik Dirga,
262:
251:
249:
245:
244:
239:
235:
231:
230:Larry Johnson
227:
226:Kurt Erichsen
223:
208:
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69:
68:Dwight Decker
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
22:
18:
1140:
1132:
1118:Indie design
1072:Outsider art
1036:Microbrewery
979:
769:Professional
745:Amateur film
665:
653:Pirate radio
626:Record label
564:
557:
414:
407:
356:Carl Gafford
353:
348:Steve Keeter
343:
334:
329:
317:Will Dockery
304:
299:
294:
291:Other co-ops
285:Steve Keeter
277:Nic Carcieri
269:Bob Elinskas
257:
247:
241:
222:Steve Keeter
219:
205:
191:
189:
162:Steve Keeter
142:Carl Gafford
104:Abbreviation
87:
79:
71:
63:
55:
52:Carl Gafford
47:
40:co-operative
35:
31:
16:
15:
1150:Maker Faire
1091:(wrestling)
1031:Homebrewing
957:development
952:Indie games
944:Video games
934:Warez scene
843:'80s–
740:Home movies
673:Lo-fi music
594:Small press
572:conventions
309:Liam Brooks
265:Sam Gafford
234:Don Fortier
112:Predecessor
21:small press
1176:Minicomics
1170:Categories
1144:(magazine)
962:developers
828:Golden Age
806:Mumblecore
456:Mini-Komix
399:References
368:minicomics
339:Ian Shires
238:Rod Snyder
169:Key people
88:Coffinworm
1127:DIY ethic
1084:Indie RPG
1067:Naïve art
1052:Indie art
909:Demoscene
796:Indiewood
760:Machinima
566:Doujinshi
553:Minicomic
325:Rick Howe
120:Formation
76:Ed Romero
44:minicomic
1062:Mail art
997:ROM hack
974:Fan game
969:Homebrew
892:Software
755:Fan film
631:Netlabel
577:printers
541:business
536:Webcomic
388:Fanzines
362:See also
201:apazines
174:Carcieri
157:Chairman
94:Function
56:Minotaur
28:fanzines
1106:General
853:Z movie
845:present
823:B movie
733:Amateur
683:Podsafe
648:Station
548:Webtoon
531:Fanzine
513:Reading
350:in 1999
211:History
179:Website
148:Purpose
138:Founder
128: (
82:), and
64:Comique
1134:Doujin
1016:Drinks
980:Doujin
666:Doujin
558:Co-ops
383:Fandom
330:Pizazz
275:, and
236:, and
24:comics
1045:Other
725:Video
668:music
643:Radio
609:Audio
582:shops
192:co-op
80:Realm
34:, or
1141:Make
1013:Food
982:soft
833:'50s
393:Zine
323:and
130:1968
123:1968
38:, a
26:and
987:Mod
344:BPP
107:UFO
90:).
74:),
66:),
42:of
36:UFO
1172::
319:,
315:,
311:,
271:,
250:.
232:,
228:,
50:.
1129:)
1125:(
499:e
492:t
485:v
132:)
86:(
78:(
70:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.