103:
36:
516:
539:
481:
809:
3582:
907:
2071:
3592:
1898:
820:
melodies have survived to the present day, mainly in manuscripts dating from the 15th century or later, which may present the songs in a form other than the original one. Additionally, it is often rather difficult to interpret the
741:
originals exactly in form, indicating that the German text could have been sung to an originally French tune, which is especially likely where there are significant commonalities of content. Such songs are termed
517:
540:
482:
1075:
956:
1469:
with the largest repertoires, Walther and
Neidhart, are not represented in the standard collections, but have editions devoted solely to their works, such as:
985:
945:
1070:
1528:
For these and some other major MinnesÀnger (e.g. Morungen, Reinmar, Oswald von
Wolkenstein) there are editions with parallel Modern German translation.
450:
1520:
65:
709:, clearly writing in a native German tradition in the third quarter of the 12th century. This is referred to as the Danubian tradition.
757:
By around 1190, the German poets began to break free of Franco-Provençal influence. This period is regarded as the period of
Classical
2215:
1995:
2753:
3245:
2182:
1847:
1772:
1559:
1485:
1400:
2245:
443:
148:
1859:
The Art of the
Minnesinger. Songs of the thirteenth century transcribed and edited with textual and musical commentaries
3087:
2579:
1807:
1708:
1668:
1631:
1828:
1740:
1689:
1581:
1504:
1442:
1420:
1349:
1312:
1302:
1292:
87:
3469:
58:
3454:
3427:
2240:
667:
156:
1499:. Altdeutsche Textbibliothek. Vol. 44. mit einem Melodienanhang von Helmut Lomnitzer (5 ed.). TĂŒbingen.
3449:
436:
3459:
2708:
2765:
2373:
2255:
1930:
1649:
2574:
492:
488:
3622:
2693:
2608:
2208:
1988:
973:
611:
1751:
598:
In the absence of reliable biographical information, there has been debate about the social status of the
17:
487:; "love song") was a tradition of lyric- and song-writing in Germany and Austria that flourished in the
3572:
3437:
2235:
2058:
1902:
1821:
The medieval German lyric, 1150-1300: the development of its themes and forms in their
European context
1045:
774:
659:
274:
144:
106:
3432:
3107:
3102:
2748:
1965:
1125:
48:
1790:
Palmer, Nigel F (1997). "The high and later Middle Ages (1100-1450)". In
Watanabe-O'Kelly, H (ed.).
1136:
1016:
533:
510:
475:
52:
44:
1908:
1703:. The Camden House History of German Literature. Vol. 3. New York, Woodbridge: Camden House.
3585:
2733:
2663:
2201:
2107:
1981:
1924:
1065:
1006:
928:
923:
762:
121:
3444:
1159:
3595:
3474:
3280:
2936:
2623:
1164:
1050:
951:
682:
69:
2316:
2033:
1959:
1096:
625:
3536:
2851:
2703:
2559:
2554:
2416:
2134:
2053:
1102:
1027:
797:
766:
642:
were writing and performing for their own social class at court, and should be thought of as
227:
152:
2998:
2628:
1940:
881:
788:, from around 1230, is marked by a partial turning away from the refined ethos of classical
3348:
3343:
3250:
3067:
3054:
3003:
2972:
2921:
2812:
2658:
2473:
2458:
2401:
2351:
2311:
2268:
2160:
1108:
1080:
979:
968:
910:
747:
678:
651:
647:
354:
349:
299:
269:
254:
181:
102:
2718:
2488:
939:
702:
8:
3551:
3546:
3394:
3177:
2967:
2866:
2797:
2673:
2668:
2613:
2529:
2499:
2356:
2346:
2301:
2263:
1142:
1032:
1011:
770:
391:
264:
176:
2638:
2280:
1361:
1320:
3617:
3505:
3495:
3464:
3275:
3255:
3097:
2993:
2941:
2901:
2886:
2802:
2653:
2564:
2336:
1778:
1719:
1539:
1514:
1114:
1085:
555:
495:
began in the 12th century and continued into the 14th. People who wrote and performed
3591:
3377:
3265:
3235:
3195:
3142:
3077:
2988:
2983:
2931:
2891:
2828:
2807:
2713:
2698:
2648:
2509:
2468:
2396:
2306:
2171:
2114:
1843:
1824:
1803:
1782:
1768:
1736:
1704:
1685:
1664:
1645:
1627:
1609:
1577:
1571:
1555:
1500:
1481:
1438:
1416:
1396:
1345:
1308:
1298:
1288:
1091:
800:
introduces characters from lower social classes and often aims for humorous effects.
730:, at its most basic a seven-line strophe with the rhyme scheme AB AB CXC, and an AAB
423:
376:
304:
294:
289:
198:
1297:
Vol II: Editorial
Principles, Melodies, Manuscripts, Notes, 36th edn (Hirzel, 1977)
3389:
3137:
3060:
3013:
2977:
2947:
2926:
2618:
2603:
2362:
2141:
2086:
2048:
1795:
1760:
1432:
1148:
1021:
933:
822:
792:
and by increasingly elaborate formal developments. The most notable of these later
751:
706:
686:
587:
567:
386:
309:
284:
1799:
1154:
3541:
3365:
3270:
3230:
3166:
3122:
2514:
2493:
2478:
2424:
2331:
2176:
1914:
1730:
1679:
1475:
1183:
891:
886:
777:, regarded both in the Middle Ages and in the present day as the greatest of the
574:
371:
259:
1946:
3500:
3370:
3360:
3240:
3171:
3132:
3112:
3092:
2822:
2792:
2678:
2534:
2504:
2224:
2038:
2004:
876:
731:
712:
From around 1170, German lyric poets came under the influence of the Provençal
366:
314:
129:
1842:. Sammlung Metzler. Vol. 244 (2nd ed.). Stuttgart, Weimar: Metzler.
3611:
3306:
3205:
3072:
3040:
2896:
2817:
2463:
2341:
2324:
2023:
1873:
857:
734:(denoting the repetition of large segments), but capable of many variations.
723:
655:
630:
607:
550:
233:
110:
2643:
1958:
1386:
There are many published selections with Modern German translation, such as
1131:
3531:
3338:
3301:
3260:
3225:
3200:
3185:
2683:
2519:
2294:
991:
583:
381:
344:
334:
1939:
1764:
1659:
Classen, Albrecht (2002). "Courtly Love Lyric". In Gentry, Francis (ed.).
3526:
3521:
3316:
2688:
2633:
2539:
2387:
2100:
2028:
743:
192:
2595:
1923:
1573:
German and
Italian lyrics of the Middle Ages: an anthology and a history
1205:
808:
718:
578:
464:
210:
3117:
2787:
2483:
2449:
2444:
1604:
841:
713:
570:
205:
2411:
2070:
906:
279:
3328:
3190:
3008:
2125:
2093:
864:
were mainly aristocrats, while
MeistersÀnger usually were commoners.
339:
2406:
1750:
Kellner, Beate; Reichlin, Susanne; Rudolph, Alexander, eds. (2021).
1644:. Translated by Dunlap, Thomas. Berkeley: University of California.
1178:
The following love poem, of unknown authorship, is found in a Latin
812:
Melody and text of
Neidhart von Reuental, "Der schwarze dorn" (MS c)
3490:
3410:
3333:
3296:
2779:
2569:
2549:
2524:
2018:
643:
603:
407:
221:
697:
The earliest texts date from perhaps 1150, and the earliest named
3404:
3382:
3353:
3311:
3082:
2738:
2286:
2273:
2193:
2165:
1973:
727:
620:
401:
359:
186:
1661:
A Companion to Middle High German Literature to the 14th Century
1624:
Höfische Kultur: Literatur und Gesellschaft im hohen Mittelalter
3127:
3049:
2544:
1897:
1566:(Selection of songs with English introduction and translation.)
1474:
Lachmann, Karl; Cormeau, Christoph; Bein, Thomas, eds. (2013).
1120:
830:
826:
635:
1945:
1642:
Courtly Culture Literature and Society in the High Middle Ages
1546:(Selection of songs with English introduction and commentary.)
3399:
3323:
1495:
WieĂner, Edmund; Fischer, Hanns; Sappler, Paul, eds. (1999).
1179:
868:
773:
developing new themes and forms, reaching its culmination in
396:
840:
using the original melodies, as well as Rock groups such as
750:'s "Ich denke underwilen" is regarded as a contrafactum of
663:
624:(master), were clearly educated commoners, such as Meister
1794:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 40â91.
1393:
Minnesang. Mittelhochdeutsche Liebeslieder. Eine Auswahl
610:
includes songs by dukes, counts, kings, and the Emperor
1552:
Minnesang - An Anthology of Medieval German Love-Lyrics
1413:
Die mittelhochdeutsche Minnelyrik: Die frĂŒhe Minnelyrik
1749:
1477:
Walther von der Vogelweide. Leich, Lieder, SangsprĂŒche
1532:
Introductory works for an English-speaking readership
1494:
825:
used to write them down. Although the contour of the
856:
developed into and gave way to the tradition of the
1473:
860:. The two traditions are quite different, however;
582:in that they wrote love poetry in the tradition of
1861:. Vol. 2. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
1339:
1663:. Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill. pp. 117â150.
1340:von Kraus, Carl; Kornrumpf, Gisela, eds. (1978).
677:are also noted for their epic poetry, among them
634:, that is, members of a class of lower nobility,
3609:
1437:. Frankfurt am Main: Deutsche Klassiker Verlag.
1415:. Darmstadt: Wissenschafliche Buchgesellschaft.
1380:Die kleineren Liederdichter des 14. und 15. Jhs.
57:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
1427:(With introduction, translation and commentary)
722:. This is most obvious in the adoption of the
2209:
1989:
1678:Gibbs, Marion; Johnson, Sidney, eds. (2002).
444:
1677:
1226:
650:, for example, was part of the entourage of
2859:
1878:Das höfische Leben zur Zeit der Minnesinger
1342:Deutsche Liederdichter des 13. Jahrhunderts
2216:
2202:
1996:
1982:
1792:The Cambridge History of German Literature
1728:
1519:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
844:performing songs with modern instruments.
833:of the song is frequently hard to fathom.
646:rather than professional hired musicians.
638:of the great lords. Broadly speaking, the
451:
437:
1882:Court life at the time of the Minnesinger
1837:
1701:German Literature of the High Middle Ages
1430:
1410:
1170:
737:A number of songs from this period match
88:Learn how and when to remove this message
905:
807:
101:
2850:
2754:List of Galician-Portuguese troubadours
1872:
1717:
1681:Medieval German Literature: A Companion
1658:
1549:
1359:
1287:Vol. I: Texts, 38th edn (Hirzel, 1988)
14:
3610:
2183:Gospel According to the Mark of Silver
1856:
1789:
1732:The Oxford Guide to Middle High German
1569:
1434:Deutsche Lyrik des spÀten Mittelalters
898:
602:. Some clearly belonged to the higher
27:Middle High German love song tradition
2197:
1977:
1818:
1729:Jones, Howard; Jones, Martin (2019).
1698:
1639:
1621:
1537:
1390:
1307:Vol III: Commentaries (Hirzel, 2000)
847:
532:
509:
474:
1456:(German translation and commentary.)
1335:(after Walther von der Vogelweide):
1318:
836:There are a number of recordings of
29:
2580:Other troubadours and trobairitz...
1823:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1735:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1721:AusgewÀhlte Melodien des Minnesangs
24:
2223:
2003:
1866:
1544:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1344:(2 ed.). TĂŒbingen: Niemeyer.
522:), and a single song was called a
25:
3634:
1890:
1431:Wachinger, Burghart, ed. (2006).
3590:
3581:
3580:
2069:
1948:The New Student's Reference Work
1896:
1411:Schweikle, Gönther, ed. (1977).
1086:Heinrich von Meissen (Frauenlob)
593:
34:
1684:. New York, London: Routledge.
1230:des(sen) sollst du gewiss sein.
658:. As a reward for his service,
628:. It is thought that many were
1931:New International Encyclopedia
1759:. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter.
1325:(3 ed.). Leipzig: Hirzel.
1257:And you must ever be therein!
1236:Verloren ist das SchlĂŒsselein:
1105:(1st half of the 13th century)
13:
1:
2575:William IX, Duke of Aquitaine
1909:1857 edition of Karl Lachmann
1800:10.1017/CHOL9780521434171.003
1626:(11 ed.). MĂŒnchen: dtv.
1480:(15th ed.). De Gruyter.
1391:Klein, Dorothea, ed. (2010).
1319:Vogt, Friedrich, ed. (1920).
1276:(up to Reinmar von Hagenau):
1270:The standard collections are
1182:of the 12th century from the
1036:
829:can usually be made out, the
1550:Edwards, Cyril, ed. (2022).
974:Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
871:have been written about the
618:, as indicated by the title
7:
2246:List of musical instruments
1838:Schweikle, GĂŒnther (1995).
1598:
1576:. Garden City, NY: Anchor.
1360:Bartsch, Karl, ed. (1886).
1274:12th and early 13th century
1265:
1249:Thereof you may be certain.
1228:Du bist mein, ich bin dein:
803:
558:word for love, as that was
10:
3639:
2059:Walther von der Vogelweide
1966:Collier's New Encyclopedia
1916:The Minnesinger of Germany
1857:Taylor, Ronald J. (1968).
1615:
1570:Goldin, Frederick (1973).
1238:du musst immer darin sein!
1217:dĂ» muost immer drinne sĂźn!
1215:verlorn ist das slĂŒzzelĂźn:
1206:
1046:Walther von der Vogelweide
775:Walther von der Vogelweide
692:
673:Several of the best-known
660:Walther von der Vogelweide
493:medieval German literature
107:Walther von der Vogelweide
3562:
3514:
3483:
3420:
3289:
3218:
3159:
3108:Matheus de Sancto Johanne
3103:Johannes Symonis Hasprois
3038:
3034:
2960:
2914:
2879:
2846:
2777:
2773:
2764:
2749:Galician-Portuguese lyric
2694:Jehan le Cuvelier d'Arras
2609:Andrieu Contredit d'Arras
2594:
2443:
2385:
2381:
2372:
2254:
2231:
2153:
2124:
2078:
2067:
2011:
1699:Hasty, Will, ed. (2006).
1638:Published in English as:
1382:, 4 Vols (Fink 1979-1985)
1363:Die schweizer MinnesÀnger
1247:You are mine, I am yours,
1227:
1207:DĂ» bist mĂźn, ich bin dĂźn:
754:'s "Ma joie premeraine".
489:Middle High German period
3138:Antonio Zacara da Teramo
1280:H. Moser, H. Tervooren,
1137:Ulrich von Liechtenstein
1076:Friedrich von Sonnenburg
1017:Gottfried von Strassburg
957:Engelhardt von Adelnburg
43:This article includes a
2664:Gillebert de Berneville
2241:List of music theorists
2108:In taberna quando sumus
1718:Jammers, Ewald (1963).
1640:Bumke, Joachim (1991).
1622:Bumke, Joachim (2005).
1373:14th and 15th centuries
1322:Des Minnesangs FrĂŒhling
1282:Des Minnesangs FrĂŒhling
1066:Reinmar von Brennenberg
1007:Albrecht von Johansdorf
929:Burggraf von Rietenburg
924:Burggraf von Regensburg
816:Only a small number of
763:Albrecht von Johansdorf
465:
72:more precise citations.
2937:Gherardello da Firenze
2624:Le Chastelain de Couci
2417:Philippe le Chancelier
2029:Hugh Primas of Orléans
1541:Poets of the Minnesang
1461:Individual MinnesÀnger
1209:des solt dĂ» gewis sĂźn.
1165:Oswald von Wolkenstein
1051:Wolfram von Eschenbach
952:Meinloh von Sevelingen
914:
813:
683:Wolfram von Eschenbach
562:'s main subject. The
548:The name derives from
114:
3246:Johannes de Garlandia
2560:Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
2054:Heinrich von Morungen
1913:Adolph Ernst Kroeger
1819:Sayce, Olive (1982).
1765:10.1515/9783110351859
1724:. TĂŒbingen: Niemeyer.
1538:Sayce, Olive (1967).
1395:. Stuttgart: Reclam.
1028:Heinrich von Morungen
1024:(1160/1170â1210/1220)
909:
852:In the 15th century,
811:
798:Neidhart von Reuental
767:Heinrich von Morungen
170:Movements and schools
105:
3567:Also music theorist*
3251:Johannes de Grocheio
3068:Conradus de Pistoria
3055:Philippus de Caserta
3004:Philippus de Caserta
2973:Antonello da Caserta
2922:Andreas de Florentia
2813:Guillaume de Machaut
2474:Bernart de Ventadorn
2459:Aimeric de Peguilhan
2402:Albertus Parisiensis
2352:Adam of Saint Victor
2312:Saint Martial school
2269:Notker the Stammerer
2161:Benediktbeuern Abbey
1960:"Minnesingers"
1905:at Wikimedia Commons
1497:Die Lieder Neidharts
1407:(German translation)
1366:. Frauenfeld: Huber.
1232:Du bist verschlossen
1126:SĂŒĂkind von Trimberg
1111:(1177 â before 1245)
1109:Otto von Botenlauben
1081:Gottfried von Neifen
980:Heinrich von Veldeke
969:Friedrich von Hausen
911:Otto von Botenlauben
748:Friedrich von Hausen
679:Heinrich von Veldeke
652:Friedrich Barbarossa
648:Friedrich von Hausen
566:were similar to the
534:[ËmÉȘnÉËliËt]
511:[ËmÉȘnÉËzÉĆÉ]
3623:Musical terminology
3178:Contenance angloise
2968:Bartolino da Padova
2867:Marchetto da Padova
2798:Magister Franciscus
2674:Guillaume le Vinier
2669:Gontier de Soignies
2614:Audefroi le Bastart
2500:Folquet de Marselha
2357:Wulfstan the Cantor
2347:Hildegard of Bingen
2317:Adémar de Chabannes
2302:Fulbert of Chartres
2264:Abbey of Saint Gall
2256:Early (before 1150)
2034:Walter of ChĂątillon
1941:"Minnesinger"
1925:"Minnesinger"
1192:Middle High German
1143:Walther von Klingen
1117:(1200 â after 1247)
1097:Konrad von WĂŒrzburg
1033:Reinmar von Hagenau
1012:Bernger von Horheim
986:Reinmar der Fiedler
963:Early courtly lyric
771:Reinmar von Hagenau
626:Konrad von WĂŒrzburg
606:â the 14th-century
424:Renaissance music â
3506:Neo-Medieval music
3496:Medieval folk rock
3276:Berno of Reichenau
3256:Iacobus de Ispania
3098:Petrus de Goscalch
2999:NiccolĂČ da Perugia
2994:Grazioso da Padova
2942:Lorenzo da Firenze
2902:Vincenzo da Rimini
2887:Giovanni da Cascia
2719:Other trouvĂšres...
2704:Perrin d'Angicourt
2654:Gautier de Dargies
2629:Chrétien de Troyes
2565:Raimon de Miravalh
2555:Raimbaut d'Aurenga
1753:Handbuch Minnesang
1251:You're locked away
1115:Reinmar von Zweter
946:Leuthold von Seven
915:
848:Later developments
814:
556:Middle High German
476:[ËmÉȘnÉzaĆ]
115:
45:list of references
3605:
3604:
3573:Renaissance music
3281:Aurelian of RĂ©ĂŽme
3266:Johannes de Muris
3236:Franco of Cologne
3214:
3213:
3196:Arnold de Lantins
3155:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3078:Johannes Cuvelier
3030:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3021:
2989:Giovanni Mazzuoli
2984:Matteo da Perugia
2956:
2955:
2932:Francesco Landini
2910:
2909:
2892:Jacopo da Bologna
2875:
2874:
2842:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2829:Philippe de Vitry
2808:Jehan de Lescurel
2729:
2728:
2714:Raoul de Soissons
2659:Gautier d'Espinal
2649:Gautier de Coincy
2590:
2589:
2510:Giraut de Bornelh
2489:CerverĂ de Girona
2469:Arnaut de Mareuil
2439:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2397:Notre-Dame school
2307:Heriger of Lobbes
2236:List of composers
2191:
2190:
2115:Phyllis and Flora
1901:Media related to
1849:978-3-476-12244-5
1774:978-3-11-035181-1
1610:Liederhandschrift
1561:978-3-11-021418-5
1487:978-3-11-017657-5
1402:978-3-15-018781-4
1317:Earlier edition:
1263:
1262:
1234:in meinem Herzen.
1211:dĂ» bist beslozzen
1092:Hugo von Montfort
940:Der von KĂŒrenberg
732:musical structure
703:Der von KĂŒrenberg
491:. This period of
461:
460:
199:Notre-Dame school
98:
97:
90:
16:(Redirected from
3630:
3594:
3584:
3583:
3390:Liturgical drama
3157:
3156:
3064:
3061:Johannes Ciconia
3036:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3014:Zacara da Teramo
2978:Johannes Ciconia
2958:
2957:
2948:Paolo da Firenze
2927:Donato da Cascia
2912:
2911:
2877:
2876:
2857:
2856:
2848:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2832:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2766:Late (1300â1400)
2709:Philippe de RĂ©mi
2639:Conon de BĂ©thune
2619:Blondel de Nesle
2604:Adam de la Halle
2592:
2591:
2530:Peire d'Alvernha
2441:
2440:
2428:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2374:High (1150â1300)
2363:Wipo of Burgundy
2328:
2298:
2290:
2281:Stephen of LiĂšge
2218:
2211:
2204:
2195:
2194:
2087:Dum Diane vitrea
2073:
2049:Dietmar von Aist
1998:
1991:
1984:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1952:
1943:
1935:
1927:
1900:
1885:
1862:
1853:
1834:
1813:
1786:
1758:
1746:
1725:
1714:
1695:
1674:
1655:
1637:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1565:
1545:
1524:
1518:
1510:
1491:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1426:
1406:
1367:
1355:
1326:
1253:within my heart.
1240:
1239:
1219:
1218:
1213:in mĂźnem herzen.
1189:
1188:
1160:Der von Wissenlo
1149:Johannes Hadlaub
1099:(1220/1230â1287)
1088:(1250/1260â1318)
1041:
1038:
1022:Hartmann von Aue
934:Dietmar von Aist
823:musical notation
752:Guiot de Provins
707:Dietmar von Aist
687:Hartmann von Aue
588:High Middle Ages
544:
543:
542:
536:
531:
521:
520:
519:
513:
508:
486:
485:
484:
478:
473:
468:
453:
446:
439:
387:Liturgical drama
285:Adam de la Halle
117:
116:
113:, ca. 1300)
93:
86:
82:
79:
73:
68:this article by
59:inline citations
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3600:
3577:
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3510:
3479:
3416:
3366:Gregorian chant
3285:
3271:Walter Odington
3231:Guido of Arezzo
3210:
3167:Johannes Alanus
3147:
3123:Jacob Senleches
3059:
3018:
2952:
2906:
2871:
2834:
2827:
2760:
2725:
2586:
2515:Guiraut Riquier
2494:Comtessa de Dia
2479:Bertran de Born
2447:
2431:
2425:Petrus de Cruce
2423:
2368:
2332:Notker Physicus
2323:
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2250:
2227:
2222:
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2079:Poems and songs
2074:
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2007:
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1957:
1938:
1922:
1893:
1869:
1867:Further reading
1850:
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1445:
1423:
1403:
1378:Thomas Cramer,
1352:
1268:
1259:
1256:
1255:Lost is the key
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1184:Tegernsee Abbey
1176:
1139:(ca. 1200â1275)
1039:
988:(fl. 1182â1217)
982:(fl. 1173â1184)
948:(fl. 1147â1182)
904:
887:Richard Strauss
850:
806:
746:. For example,
716:and the French
695:
666:by the Emperor
596:
538:
537:
529:
515:
514:
506:
480:
479:
471:
457:
415:
414:
413:
372:Gregorian chant
329:
321:
320:
319:
249:
241:
240:
239:
171:
161:
160:
94:
83:
77:
74:
63:
49:related reading
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3636:
3626:
3625:
3620:
3603:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3588:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3524:
3518:
3516:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3501:Medieval metal
3498:
3493:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3371:Pope Gregory I
3363:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3241:Johannes Cotto
3238:
3233:
3228:
3222:
3220:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3172:John Dunstaple
3169:
3163:
3161:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3133:Johannes Susay
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3113:Gacian Reyneau
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3093:Martinus Fabri
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3057:
3052:
3046:
3044:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2975:
2970:
2964:
2962:
2961:3rd generation
2954:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2918:
2916:
2915:2nd generation
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2883:
2881:
2880:1st generation
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2854:
2840:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2825:
2823:Jehan Vaillant
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2793:Denis Le Grant
2790:
2785:
2783:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2699:Moniot d'Arras
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2679:Guiot de Dijon
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2535:Peire Cardenal
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2505:Gaucelm Faidit
2502:
2497:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2453:
2437:
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2354:
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2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
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2320:
2319:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2260:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2225:Medieval music
2221:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2198:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2168:
2163:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2135:Carmina Burana
2130:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2041:
2039:Peter of Blois
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2005:Carmina Burana
2001:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1955:
1936:
1920:
1911:
1906:
1892:
1891:External links
1889:
1888:
1887:
1874:Schultz, Alwin
1868:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1854:
1848:
1835:
1829:
1815:
1814:
1809:978-0521785730
1808:
1787:
1773:
1747:
1741:
1726:
1715:
1710:978-1571131737
1709:
1696:
1690:
1675:
1670:978-9004120945
1669:
1656:
1650:
1633:978-3423301701
1632:
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1614:
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1607:
1600:
1597:
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1582:
1567:
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1554:. de Gruyter.
1547:
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1195:Modern German
1193:
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983:
977:
971:
965:
964:
960:
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954:
949:
943:
937:
931:
926:
920:
919:
918:Danubian lyric
903:
897:
877:Richard Wagner
849:
846:
805:
802:
694:
691:
654:, and died on
595:
592:
499:were known as
459:
458:
456:
455:
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130:Medieval music
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53:external links
42:
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3428:British Isles
3426:
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3290:Musical forms
3288:
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3269:
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3264:
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3259:
3257:
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3206:W. de Wycombe
3204:
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3073:Baude Cordier
3071:
3069:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
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3043:
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3041:Ars subtilior
3037:
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2897:Maestro Piero
2895:
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2858:
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2830:
2826:
2824:
2821:
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2818:P. des Molins
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
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2464:Arnaut Daniel
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
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2422:
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2345:
2343:
2342:Peter Abelard
2340:
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2326:
2325:Odo of Arezzo
2322:
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2024:Peter Abelard
2022:
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78:February 2020
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3537:Architecture
3409:
3361:Geisslerlied
3339:Formes fixes
3261:Notker Labeo
3226:Anonymous IV
3201:Leonel Power
3186:Thomas Fabri
3176:
3039:
2860:Predecessors
2778:
2743:
2684:Jehan Bretel
2520:Jaufre Rudel
2386:
2295:Odo of Cluny
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1587:. Retrieved
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1448:. Retrieved
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1333:13th century
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662:was given a
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584:courtly love
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367:Geisslerlied
345:Formes fixes
232:
220:
215:
191:
151: /
147: /
99:
84:
75:
64:Please help
56:
3527:Middle Ages
3522:Early music
3484:Derivations
3317:Chansonnier
2689:Jehan Erart
2634:Colin Muset
2540:Peire Vidal
2388:Ars antiqua
2101:Ecce gratum
2044:Minnesinger
1467:MinnesÀnger
1145:(1240â1286)
1040: 1210
901:MinnesÀnger
875:tradition:
862:MinnesÀnger
794:MinnesÀnger
779:MinnesÀnger
744:contrafacta
714:troubadours
699:MinnesÀnger
675:MinnesÀnger
640:MinnesÀnger
616:MinnesÀnger
600:MinnesÀnger
571:troubadours
564:MinnesÀnger
502:MinnesÀnger
328:Major forms
193:Ars antiqua
149:Instruments
70:introducing
18:Minnesinger
3612:Categories
3552:Philosophy
3547:Literature
3515:Background
3421:Traditions
2788:F. Andrieu
2644:Gace Brulé
2484:Castelloza
2450:Trobairitz
2445:Troubadour
2337:St. Godric
2175:(album by
1886:2 volumes.
1651:0520066340
1605:Frauenlied
1155:MuskatblĂŒt
1132:TannhÀuser
1071:Regenbogen
998:Classical
942:(fl. 1143)
936:(fl. 1143)
882:TannhÀuser
842:Ougenweide
784:The later
206:Troubadour
177:Saint Gall
3618:Minnesang
3465:Lithuania
3329:Conductus
3219:Theorists
3191:Roy Henry
3118:Rodericus
3009:Sant Omer
2744:Minnesang
2172:O Fortuna
2142:O Fortuna
2126:Carl Orff
2094:O Fortuna
1903:Minnesang
1840:Minnesang
1783:243658982
1515:cite book
1173:Minnelied
1151:(d. 1340)
1059:Minnesang
1000:Minnesang
992:Spervogel
976:(d. 1197)
873:Minnesang
854:Minnesang
838:Minnesang
818:Minnelied
790:Minnesang
786:Minnesang
759:Minnesang
719:trouvĂšres
644:courtiers
579:trouvĂšres
560:Minnesang
525:Minnelied
497:Minnesang
466:Minnesang
340:Conductus
315:Dunstaple
265:Hildegard
216:Minnesang
157:Theorists
145:Composers
3586:Category
3491:Bardcore
3470:Portugal
3438:Scotland
3411:Planctus
3395:Madrigal
3334:Estampie
3297:Antiphon
2852:Trecento
2780:Ars nova
2739:Goliards
2596:TrouvĂšre
2570:Sordello
2550:Perdigon
2525:Marcabru
2019:Archpoet
1876:(1889).
1599:See also
1589:11 April
1465:The two
1450:30 April
1356:. (=KLD)
1266:Editions
1198:English
1103:Neidhart
913:Fountain
899:List of
804:Melodies
739:trouvĂšre
612:Henry VI
604:nobility
408:Planctus
392:Madrigal
228:Trecento
222:Ars nova
211:TrouvĂšre
136:Overview
122:a series
120:Part of
3455:Germany
3433:England
3405:Organum
3383:Tydorel
3354:Virelai
3349:Rondeau
3344:Ballade
3312:Chanson
3088:Egidius
3083:Egardus
2803:Grimace
2734:Casella
2412:PĂ©rotin
2287:Hucbald
2274:Tuotilo
2177:Rhydian
2166:Goliard
2154:Related
2012:Authors
1969:. 1921.
1953:. 1914.
1934:. 1905.
1616:Sources
892:Guntram
728:canzone
726:of the
693:History
656:crusade
636:vassals
621:Meister
614:. Some
586:in the
568:Occitan
530:German:
507:German:
472:German:
402:Organum
360:Virelai
355:Rondeau
350:Ballade
310:Ciconia
305:Landini
300:Machaut
280:PĂ©rotin
275:Walther
270:Bernart
187:Goliard
66:improve
3596:Portal
3542:Poetry
3450:France
3445:Cyprus
3160:Others
3143:Trebor
3128:Solage
3050:Borlet
2545:Peirol
2448:&
2407:LĂ©onin
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1121:Hawart
1057:Later
869:operas
831:rhythm
827:melody
575:French
554:, the
290:Franco
255:Notker
153:Theory
3475:Spain
3460:Italy
3400:Motet
3324:Chant
3307:Carol
3302:Canso
1880:[
1779:S2CID
1757:(PDF)
1368:(=SM)
1180:codex
761:with
551:minne
397:Motet
382:Lauda
335:Canso
295:Vitry
260:Guido
51:, or
1919:1873
1844:ISBN
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1556:ISBN
1521:link
1501:ISBN
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1452:2021
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