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653:(d. 1415) stands under the star vault of the octagon. Their statues lie in full regalia, with clasped hands (expressing the good relations between Portugal and England) and heads resting on a pillow, under elaborately ornamented baldachins. The coats of arms of the houses of Aviz and Lancaster are on top of these baldachins, together with the insignia of the
839:
This square room is especially notable for its star vault lacking a central support and spanning a square space of 19 meters on the side. This was such a daring idea at the time that condemned prisoners were used to perform the task. It was completed after two failed attempts. When the last scaffolds
483:
started a restoration program of the abandoned and ruined convent, saving this jewel of Gothic architecture. The restoration would last till the early years of the 20th century. One of the last architects was master stonemason Jose
Patrocinio de Sousa, responsible for rebuilding the monastery. It was
573:
The church is vast and narrow (22 m) in proportion to its height (32.4 m). The nave was raised to its present height by the second architect, Huguet, altering the proportions of the church and giving it its present aspect. Its interior gives a sober and bare impression by its lack of ornaments and
788:
The portal rises to a monumental fifteen metres. It was originally built in Gothic style, but was transformed beyond recognition by Mateus
Fernandes into a masterpiece of Manueline style (completed in 1509). It is completely decorated into a lacework of sumptuous and stylized Manueline motives:
637:
in
Portugal. It gives a perfect synthesis between Flamboyant Gothic and the English Perpendicular style, as Philippa of Lancaster had brought along a few English architects. The chapel consists of three notional bays and a central octagon buttressed by eight piers, adorned with
412:, the Founder's Chapel, the basic structure of the Imperfect Chapels and the north and east naves of the main cloister. He raised the height of the nave to 32.46 m. By altering the proportions he made the interior of the church seem even narrower. He also completed the
578:. Light enters the church through ten stained-glass windows of the clerestory and the tall, traceried windows in the side walls and the transept and through the two rows of lanciform windows in the choir. The choir extends into two-bay transepts and consists of five
754:("The Unfinished Chapels") are a reminder that the monastery was never actually finished. They form a separate octagonal structure tacked on the choir of the church (via a retrochoir) and only accessible from the outside. It was commissioned in 1437 by King
608:
The architect Mateus
Fernandes and his wife are buried under a marble tomb-slab close to the portal. The tomb of the knight Martim Gonçalves de Maçada, who saved the king's life during the battle at Aljubarrota, can be found close to the Capela do Fundador.
883:) by Huguet in the ambulatory forms a successful combination with the Manueline style in the arcade screens, added later by Mateus Fernandes. Two different patterns alternate, one with the cross of the Order of Christ, the other with armillaries.
362:), although for seven of them the title was merely honorary. The construction required an enormous effort, using extraordinary resources of men and material. New techniques and artistic styles, hitherto unknown in Portugal, were deployed.
914:
was built in conventional Gothic style with double pointed arches. It was constructed in the second half of the 15th century by the architect Fernão de Évora. It stands in contrast with the
Manueline flamboyance of the somewhat larger
781:(who is buried inside the church). The octagonal rotunda has seven radiating hexagonal chapels. In the corners of the chapels stand the massive unfinished buttresses that were intended to support the vault. These pillars, designed by
843:
The stained-glass
Renaissance window in the east wall dates from 1508. It depicts scenes of the Passion and is attributed to the Portuguese painters Master João and Francisco Henriques.
1314:
476:, who sacked and burned the complex in 1810 and 1811. When the Dominicans were expelled from the complex in 1834, the church and convent were abandoned and left to fall into ruin.
871:
between 1448 and 1477. Its sober outward appearance is in stark contrast with the
Flamboyant Gothic style of the church. The carved tracery decoration in Gothic style (including
1118:
793:, winged angels, ropes, circles, tree stumps, clover-shaped arches and florid projections. This homage of King Manuel I to his predecessor King Edward mentions his motto
902:, this work of Mateus Fernandes consists of a fountain and two smaller basins above, illuminated by light seeping through the intricate tracery of the arches around it.
1065:
890:, supporting these intricate arcade screens, are decorated with spiral motives, armillaries, lotus blossoms, briar branches, pearls and shells and exotic vegetation.
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Batalha probably had the first workshop for stained-glass windows in
Portugal. The art was introduced to Portugal by German artists from the regions of
1309:
374:
358:
It took over a century to build, starting in 1386 and ending circa 1517, spanning the reign of seven kings. It took the efforts of fifteen architects (
377:, who continued until 1402. He drew up the plan, and many of the structures in the church and the cloister are his doing. His style was essentially
1354:
1369:
442:
the Elder in the period 1480–1515. This master of the
Manueline style worked on the portal of the Capelas Imperfeitas. Together with the famous
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605:. They represent scenes from the lives of Jesus and Mary: the Visitation, the Epiphany, the Flight into Egypt and the Resurrection of Christ.
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525:). The Cloister of King João I borders on the church and this chapterhouse. The structure continues into the cloister of King Afonso V (
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1329:
797:("I will always be loyal"). This motto is then repeated more than two hundred times in the arches, vaults and pillars of the chapels.
84:
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continued the construction between 1448 and 1477. He added the
Cloister of Afonso V. He was succeeded by the architect
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stained-glass windows in the choir date from the 1520s and 1530s and were produced by Portuguese masters, among them
514:), the side wall of an aisle and the projecting portal. On the right side of this façade are the Unfinished Chapels (
552:
shows Christ enthroned, sitting under a baldachin and flanked by the four Evangelists, each with his own attribute.
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a profusion of 78 statues, divided over six rows, of Old Testament kings, angels, prophets and saints, each under a
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on both sides display (inferior copies of) statues of the apostles, with one standing on a chained devil. The
633:) was built between 1426 and 1434 by the architect Huguet on orders of King John I to become the first royal
778:
439:
758:("Dom Duarte", d. 1438) as a second royal mausoleum for himself and his descendants. But he and his queen
469:
The earthquake of 1755 did some damage, but much greater damage was inflicted by the Napoleonic troops of
462:. The construction came to a halt when the king decided to put all his efforts in the construction of the
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with complex vaulting. At the south wall stand a row of recessed arches with the tombs of the four
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statues in the nave. The ribbed vaults, supported by compound piers, are closed by ornamented
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were removed, it is said that Huguet spent the night under the vault to silence his critics.
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The original design, begun by Huguet, was altered by successive architects, especially
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969:
Ellingham, Mark; Brown, Jules; Fisher, John; Kenyon, Graham; Hancock, Matthew (2005),
484:
declared a National Monument in 1907. In 1980 the monastery was turned into a museum.
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992:
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824:) reminds visitors of the military reason for the monastery's foundation: a military
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487:
The Batalha convent was added in 1983 by UNESCO to its list of World Heritage sites.
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68:
657:. On the cover plate of the tomb are inscribed in repetition the mottos of the king
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The western façade, facing the large square with its equestrian statue of general
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919:. The keystones in the vault carry the coat-of-arms of D. Duarte I and Afonso V.
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1208:
510:, is divided in three by buttresses and huge pilasters: the Founder's Chapel (
1303:
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Tombs of the four princes (from left to right): Ferdinand, John, Henry, Peter
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style. The monastery is a historic and cultural monument and was listed as a
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743:(who died in an accident at the age of seventeen, predeceasing his father).
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of Portuguese royalty. It is one of the best and original examples of Late
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The three tombs on the west wall are copies of the original tombs of King
692:
in 1443; his bodily remains were later recovered and moved here in 1473);
408:
Gothic style. This is manifest in the main façade, the dome of the square
867:) was not part of the original project. It was built under the architect
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59:
Batalha Monastery is one of the most important Gothic sites in Portugal.
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in the Claustro Real. Work on the convent continued into the reign of
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Off the east side, next to the church choir is the Chapterhouse (
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593:. The oldest windows date back to the end of the 1430s. But the
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739:'s soldiers threw away the bones) and his son and heir, Prince
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of John I, together with their spouses. From left to right:
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in 1449; his remains were moved here in 1456) with his wife
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with the addition of the fine Renaissance tribune (1532) by
416:, but he died before he could finish the Imperfect Chapels.
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and would serve as the burial church of the 15th-century
1315:
16th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Portugal
785:, are decorated with Manueline motives carved in stone.
762:
are the only ones buried here (Eleanor died in exile in
518:), a separate octagonal structure added to the complex.
400:
from 1402 to 1438. This architect, who was probably of
381:
Gothic; however, there are influences from the English
301:
Gothic architecture in Portugal, intermingled with the
929:
History of medieval Arabic and Western European domes
1233:
Garrison Border Town of Elvas and its Fortifications
1073:
1195:
Royal Building of Mafra – Palace, Basilica, Convent
986:
1301:
529:). On the northern side of the complex lies the
766:in 1445; her remains were moved here in 1456).
716:for Afonso V, 1438–1448, who was killed at the
373:Work began in 1386 by the Portuguese architect
289:), it was erected in commemoration of the 1385
708:(under a baldachin, d. 1460, a bachelor); and
1257:Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture
1059:
423:Lateral view of the monastery and statue of
385:. There are similarities with the façade of
1365:Buildings and structures in Leiria District
898:Situated in the northwestern corner of the
277:. Originally, and officially, known as the
1066:
1052:
1010:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
905:
855:King John I Cloisters of Batalha Monastery
582:chapels, with the central one projecting.
53:
1310:Roman Catholic churches completed in 1517
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616:
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503:The convent stands apart from the town.
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418:
364:
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1355:14th-century establishments in Portugal
828:of two sentinels stands watch over the
14:
1370:Tourist attractions in Leiria District
1302:
948:
279:Monastery of Saint Mary of the Victory
1335:National monuments in Leiria District
1047:
746:
328:The monastery was built to thank the
661:("for the better") and of the queen
642:, supporting deeply stilted arches.
942:Monastery of Batalha: English guide
688:(a bachelor, he died a prisoner in
612:
324:Monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória
24:
1360:1834 disestablishments in Portugal
1133:
1037:Fundação Batalha de Aljubarrota –
773:Interior of the Unfinished Chapels
389:and with the nave and transept of
287:Mosteiro de Santa Maria da Vitória
27:Historic site in Batalha, Portugal
25:
1386:
1375:Burial sites of the House of Aviz
1345:Christian monasteries in Portugal
1330:Dominican monasteries in Portugal
1197:, Cerco Garden and Hunting Park (
1019:
846:
676:This octagon is surrounded by an
568:
369:View of the cloister of D. João I
344:in 1385, fulfilling a promise of
1325:World Heritage Sites in Portugal
910:This sober cloister next to the
1340:Gothic architecture in Portugal
1124:Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte
987:Rentes de Carvalho, J. (1999),
811:
490:
351:. The battle put an end to the
735:(r. 1481–1495) (empty because
13:
1:
1350:1386 establishments in Europe
1205:Monastery of the Hieronymites
973:(11 ed.), Rough Guides,
955:, Macmillan Publishers Ltd.,
934:
830:tombs of two unknown soldiers
625:The square Founder's Chapel (
1100:Historic Centre of Guimarães
194:Portuguese National Monument
7:
1114:Monastery of Serra do Pilar
989:Portugal – De Arbeiderspers
971:The Rough Guide to Portugal
922:
621:Tomb of John I and Philippa
555:
531:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
434:, the Portuguese architect
360:Mestre das Obras da Batalha
10:
1391:
1165:Convent of Christ in Tomar
533:from the First World War.
315:
122:UNESCO World Heritage Site
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1265:
1241:
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1145:
1131:
1085:
1033:Google Arts & Culture
1027:mosteirobatalha.gov.pt/en
991:(9 ed.), Amsterdam,
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700:(d. 1442), with his wife
686:Ferdinand the Holy Prince
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536:The portal shows in the
481:Ferdinand II of Portugal
404:descent, introduced the
182:Europe and North America
1039:fundacao-aljubarrota.pt
1031:Mosteiro da Batalha no
952:Grove Dictionary of Art
906:Cloister of King Afonso
649:(d. 1433) and his wife
645:The joint tomb of King
527:Claustro de D. Afonso V
261:in the municipality of
1320:Manueline architecture
1188:Cultural Landscape of
1139:
1095:Alto Douro Wine Region
1025:Mosteiro da Batalha –
864:
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752:As Capelas Imperfeitas
718:Battle of Alfarrobeira
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1170:University of Coimbra
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342:Battle of Aljubarrota
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291:Battle of Aljubarrota
1075:World Heritage Sites
859:The Royal Cloister (
702:Isabella of Barcelos
508:Nuno Álvares Pereira
456:John III of Portugal
432:Afonso V of Portugal
430:During the reign of
425:Nuno Álvares Pereira
396:He was succeeded by
391:Canterbury Cathedral
383:Perpendicular Period
244:Monastery of Batalha
132:Monastery of Batalha
100:39.65917°N 8.82611°W
18:Monastery of Batalha
1250:Historic Centre of
1226:Historic Centre of
1104:Historic Centre of
949:Turner, J. (1996),
706:Henry the Navigator
655:Order of the Garter
603:Francisco Henriques
516:Capelas Imperfeitas
464:Jerónimos Monastery
252:Mosteiro da Batalha
96: /
47:Mosteiro da Batalha
1285:Shared with other
1155:Alcobaça Monastery
1140:
857:
816:The Chapterhouse (
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756:Edward of Portugal
747:Unfinished Chapels
722:Isabella of Urgell
674:
665:("I am pleased").
647:John I of Portugal
631:Capela do Fundador
623:
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512:Capelo do Fundador
501:
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371:
349:John I of Portugal
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225:Reference no.
168:Reference no.
105:39.65917; -8.82611
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1252:Angra do Heroísmo
1160:Batalha Monastery
791:armillary spheres
760:Eleanor of Aragon
694:John of Reguengos
336:victory over the
269:province, in the
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212:National Monument
33:Batalha Monastery
16:(Redirected from
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1172:– Alta and Sofia
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731:(r. 1438–1481),
710:Peter of Coimbra
613:Founder's Chapel
523:Sala do Capítulo
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446:he realized the
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724:(d. 1459).
704:(d. 1466);
499:Main portal
466:in Lisbon.
330:Virgin Mary
204:Non-movable
103: /
79:Coordinates
39:Native name
1304:Categories
1275:Laurisilva
1119:Côa Valley
998:9029534664
980:184353438X
962:0195170687
935:References
888:colonettes
861:Portuguese
832:killed in
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678:ambulatory
663:Yl me plet
627:Portuguese
406:Flamboyant
338:Castilians
334:Portuguese
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283:Portuguese
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217:Designated
153:Designated
88:39°39′33″N
43:Portuguese
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587:Franconia
576:keystones
564:Main nave
542:baldachin
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379:Rayonnant
303:Manueline
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91:8°49′34″W
1287:region/s
1219:Alentejo
1126:in Braga
1079:Portugal
1006:citation
923:See also
881:rosettes
729:Afonso V
640:crockets
635:pantheon
556:Interior
550:tympanum
414:transept
332:for the
275:Portugal
209:Criteria
145:Criteria
140:Cultural
73:Portugal
65:Location
1267:Madeira
737:Masséna
733:John II
659:Por bem
580:apsidal
474:Masséna
471:Marshal
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450:of the
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340:in the
316:History
263:Batalha
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160:session
69:Batalha
1243:Azores
1199:Tapada
1190:Sintra
1181:Lisbon
1147:Centro
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714:regent
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544:. The
398:Huguet
307:UNESCO
271:Centro
178:Region
1291:Spain
1228:Évora
1106:Porto
1087:Norte
158:(7th
156:1983
148:i, ii
1289:and
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