6450:
above, stimulant exposure levels are high relative to clinical doses, and dosing regimens (as stimulants) rarely mimic the manner in which these drugs are used clinically. The study by
Ricaurte and colleagues248 is an exception. In that study, baboons orally self-administered a racemic (3:1 d/l) amphetamine mixture twice daily in increasing doses ranging from 2.5 to 20 mg/day for four weeks. Plasma amphetamine concentrations, measured at one-week intervals, were comparable to those observed in children taking amphetamine for ADHD. Two to four weeks after cessation of amphetamine treatment, multiple markers of striatal DA function were decreased, including DA and DAT. In another group of animals (squirrel monkeys), d/l amphetamine blood concentration was titrated to clinically comparable levels for four weeks by administering varying doses of amphetamine by orogastric gavage. These animals also had decreased markers of striatal DA function assessed two weeks after cessation of amphetamine.
537:, which do not produce such effects or have greatly reduced such effects. It has been proposed that typical DRIs may not actually be acting primarily as DRIs but rather as dopamine releasing agents (DRAs) via mechanisms distinct from conventional substrate-type DRAs like amphetamines. A variety of different pieces of evidence support this hypothesis and help to explain otherwise confusing findings. Under this model, typical cocaine-like DRIs have been referred to with the new label of
4879:
cotransfected cells and WT mouse and monkey striatal synaptosomes but not in DAT-only transfected cells or in striatal synaptosomes of TAAR1-KO mice (Xie & Miller, 2009). TAAR1 activation was enhanced by co-expression of monoamine transporters and this effect could be blocked by monoamine transporter antagonists (Xie & Miller, 2007; Xie et al., 2007). Furthermore, DA activation of TAAR1 induced C-FOS-luciferase expression only in the presence of DAT (Xie et al., 2007).
131:
4981:
prevented psychostimulant-induced and persistent hyperdopaminergia-related hyperactivity in mice.42 This effect was found to be DAT-independent, since suppression of hyperactivity was observed in DAT-KO mice.42 The collected information leads us to conclude that TAAR1 is a stereoselective binding site for amphetamine and that TAAR1 activation by amphetamine and its congeners may contribute to the stimulant properties of this class of compounds.
34:
5398:
Simmler et al., 2016). Amphetamines are potent agonists of this receptor, making them likely to selfâinhibit their stimulating effects. In contrast, SCs show negligible activity towards TAAR1 (Kolaczynska et al., 2021; Rickli et al., 2015; Simmler et al., 2014, 2016). The lack of selfâregulation by TAAR1 may partly explain the higher addictive potential of SCs compared to amphetamines (Miller, 2011; Simmler et al., 2013).
7841:
587:(in contrast to MRAs, which induced uncontrolled monoamine release independent of neuronal firing). They are usually active as MAEs at much lower concentrations than those at which they induce monoamine release. The MAE actions of MAEs may be mediated by TAAR1 agonism, which has likewise been implicated in monoamine-releasing actions. MAEs without concomitant potent monoamine-releasing actions, like
545:" to distinguish them from conventional substrate-type DRAs. An alternative theory is that typical DRIs and atypical DRIs stabilize the DAT in different conformations, with typical DRIs resulting in an outward-facing open conformation that results in differing pharmacological effects from those of atypical DRIs.
6449:
It has been suggested that the association between PD and ADHD may be explained, in part, by toxic effects of these drugs on DA neurons.241 An important question is whether amphetamines, as they are used clinically to treat ADHD, are toxic to DA neurons. In most of the animal and human studies cited
5033:
Converging lines of evidence have solidified the notion that DA releasers are substrates of the transporter and once translocated, they reverse the normal direction of transporter flux to evoke release of endogenous neurotransmitters. The nature of this reversal is not well understood, but the entire
4980:
While our data suggest a role for TAAR1 in eliciting amphetamine-like stimulant effects, it must be borne in mind that the observed in vivo effects are likely to result from interaction with both TAAR1 and monoamine transporters. Thus it has been shown that the selective TAAR1 agonist RO5166017 fully
5436:
The activation of human TAAR1 might diminish the effects of psychostimulation and intoxication arising from 7-APB effects on monoamine transporters (see 4.1.3. for more details). Affinity to mouse and rat TAAR1 has been shown for many psychostimulants, but species differences are common (Simmler et
4878:
It is reported that methamphetamine (METH) interacts with TAAR1 and subsequently inhibits DA uptake, enhance DA efflux and induces DAT internalization, and these effects are dependent on TAAR1 (Xie & Miller, 2009). For example, METH-induced inhibition of DA uptake was observed in TAAR1 and DAT
5397:
Another feature that distinguishes from amphetamines is their negligible interaction with the trace amine associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). Activation of this receptor reduces the activity of dopaminergic neurones, thereby reducing psychostimulatory effects and addictive potential (Miller, 2011;
472:. In fact, TAAR1 knockout mice are supersensitive to the effects of amphetamines and TAAR1 activation appears to inhibit the striatal dopaminergic effects of psychostimulants. Additionally, many substrate-type MRAs that do not bind to and/or activate the (human) TAAR1 are known, including most
6670:
Repeated exposure to moderate to high levels of methamphetamine has been related to neurotoxic effects on the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems, leading to potentially irreversible loss of nerve terminals and/or neuron cell bodies (Cho and Melega, 2002). Preclinical evidence suggests that
6595:
Though the paradigm used by
Ricaurte et al. 53 arguably still incorporates amphetamine exposure at a level above much clinical use,14,55 it raises important unanswered questions. Is there a threshold of amphetamine exposure above which persistent changes in the dopamine system are induced?
6608:
Ricaurte GA, Mechan AO, Yuan J, Hatzidimitriou G, Xie T, Mayne AH, et al. (October 2005). "Amphetamine treatment similar to that used in the treatment of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder damages dopaminergic nerve endings in the striatum of adult nonhuman primates".
7313:
Rothman RB, Vu N, Partilla JS, Roth BL, Hufeisen SJ, Compton-Toth BA, et al. (October 2003). "In vitro characterization of ephedrine-related stereoisomers at biogenic amine transporters and the receptorome reveals selective actions as norepinephrine transporter substrates".
811:, a selective NRA. The differences in selectivity of these agents is the result of different affinities as substrates for the monoamine transporters, and thus differing ability to gain access into monoaminergic neurons and induce monoamine neurotransmitter release via the
6504:
Amphetamine treatment similar to that used for ADHD has been demonstrated to produce brain dopaminergic neurotoxicity in primates, causing the damage of dopaminergic nerve endings in the striatum that may also occur in other disorders with long-term amphetamine treatment
467:
and David J. Heal state that the nature of monoamine transport reversal is not well understood and/or do not mention TAAR1 activation. Moreover, amphetamines continue to produce psychostimulant-like effects and induction of dopamine and norepinephrine release in TAAR1
4565:
Zsilla G, Hegyi DE, Baranyi M, Vizi ES (October 2018). "3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, mephedrone, and ÎČ-phenylethylamine release dopamine from the cytoplasm by means of transporters and keep the concentration high and constant by blocking reuptake".
7422:
Setola V, Hufeisen SJ, Grande-Allen KJ, Vesely I, Glennon RA, Blough B, et al. (June 2003). "3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "Ecstasy") induces fenfluramine-like proliferative actions on human cardiac valvular interstitial cells in vitro".
5034:
process is primarily transporter-dependent and requires elevated intracellular sodium concentrations, phosphorylation of DAT, and possible involvement of transporter oligomers (Khoshbouei et al., 2003, 2004; Sitte and
Freissmuth, 2010).
5921:
Scorza C, Silveira R, Nichols DE, Reyes-Parada M (July 1999). "Effects of 5-HT-releasing agents on the extracellullar hippocampal 5-HT of rats. Implications for the development of novel antidepressants with a short onset of action".
439:(i.e., they move monoamines from the neuronal cytoplasm into the synaptic cleft). The combined effects of MRAs at VMAT2 and TAAR1 result in the release of neurotransmitters out of synaptic vesicles and the cell cytoplasm into the
4238:
Rothman RB, Baumann MH, Dersch CM, Romero DV, Rice KC, Carroll FI, et al. (January 2001). "Amphetamine-type central nervous system stimulants release norepinephrine more potently than they release dopamine and serotonin".
7603:
Rothman RB, Blough BE, Woolverton WL, Anderson KG, Negus SS, Mello NK, et al. (June 2005). "Development of a rationally designed, low abuse potential, biogenic amine releaser that suppresses cocaine self-administration".
6042:
Berlin I, Warot D, Aymard G, Acquaviva E, Legrand M, Labarthe B, et al. (September 2001). "Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of single nasal (5 mg and 10 mg) and oral (50 mg) doses of ephedrine in healthy subjects".
890:(MDMA). Amphetamine may produce significant dopaminergic neurotoxicity even at therapeutic doses. However, clinical doses of amphetamine producing neurotoxicity is controversial and disputed. In contrast to amphetamines,
822:
As of present, no selective DRAs are known. This is because it has proven extremely difficult to separate DAT affinity from NET affinity and retain releasing efficacy at the same time. Several selective SDRAs, including
4034:
7704:
Rothman RB, Katsnelson M, Vu N, Partilla JS, Dersch CM, Blough BE, et al. (June 2002). "Interaction of the anorectic medication, phendimetrazine, and its metabolites with monoamine transporters in rat brain".
1351:
6006:
Nelson RA, Boyd SJ, Ziegelstein RC, Herning R, Cadet JL, Henningfield JE, et al. (March 2006). "Effect of rate of administration on subjective and physiological effects of intravenous cocaine in humans".
462:
In spite of findings that TAAR1 activation by amphetamines can reverse the monoamine transporters and mediate monoamine release however, major literature reviews on monoamine releasing agents by experts like
1321:
5861:
Competitive problems in the drug industry: hearings before
Subcommittee on Monopoly and Anticompetitive Activities of the Select Committee on Small Business, United States Senate, Ninetieth Congress, first
1435:
1405:
6365:
Moratalla R, Khairnar A, Simola N, Granado N, GarcĂa-Montes JR, Porceddu PF, et al. (August 2017). "Amphetamine-related drugs neurotoxicity in humans and in experimental animals: Main mechanisms".
6683:
Gerlach M, GrĂŒnblatt E, Lange KW (June 2013). "Is the treatment with psychostimulants in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder harmful for the dopaminergic system?".
6885:
Wee S, Anderson KG, Baumann MH, Rothman RB, Blough BE, Woolverton WL (May 2005). "Relationship between the serotonergic activity and reinforcing effects of a series of amphetamine analogs".
2774:
803:
is a fairly balanced SNRA but a weak releaser of dopamine (~6- and 10-fold lower of dopamine than of norepinephrine or serotonin, respectively). Even more selective include agents like
5449:
Simmler LD, Buchy D, Chaboz S, Hoener MC, Liechti ME (April 2016). "In Vitro
Characterization of Psychoactive Substances at Rat, Mouse, and Human Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1".
7364:
Rothman RB, Clark RD, Partilla JS, Baumann MH (June 2003). "(+)-Fenfluramine and its major metabolite, (+)-norfenfluramine, are potent substrates for norepinephrine transporters".
2092:
2843:
1252:
5158:
Heal DJ, Gosden J, Smith SL (December 2014). "Dopamine reuptake transporter (DAT) "inverse agonism"--a novel hypothesis to explain the enigmatic pharmacology of cocaine".
3769:
9765:
2813:
7163:
Yu H, Rothman RB, Dersch CM, Partilla JS, Rice KC (December 2000). "Uptake and release effects of diethylpropion and its metabolites with biogenic amine transporters".
2662:
2632:
6671:
d-amphetamine, even when administered at commonly prescribed therapeutic doses, also results in toxicity to brain dopaminergic axon terminals (Ricaurte et al., 2005).
451:. Certain MRAs interact with other presynaptic intracellular receptors which promote monoamine neurotransmission as well (e.g., methamphetamine is also an agonist at
3859:
2578:
2548:
248:
5284:
Lindemann L, Meyer CA, Jeanneau K, Bradaia A, Ozmen L, Bluethmann H, et al. (March 2008). "Trace amine-associated receptor 1 modulates dopaminergic activity".
1824:
6170:
Roelands B, Meeusen R (March 2010). "Alterations in central fatigue by pharmacological manipulations of neurotransmitters in normal and high ambient temperature".
5645:
Shimazu S, Miklya I (May 2004). "Pharmacological studies with endogenous enhancer substances: beta-phenylethylamine, tryptamine, and their synthetic derivatives".
5371:
Kuropka P, Zawadzki M, Szpot P (May 2023). "A narrative review of the neuropharmacology of synthetic cathinones-Popular alternatives to classical drugs of abuse".
4530:
Nakamura M, Ishii A, Nakahara D (May 1998). "Characterization of beta-phenylethylamine-induced monoamine release in rat nucleus accumbens: a microdialysis study".
6843:
Nagai F, Nonaka R, Satoh
Hisashi Kamimura K (March 2007). "The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain".
7873:
783:
MRAs act to varying extents on serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Some induce the release of all three neurotransmitters to a similar degree, like
7652:"Cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects of "norepinephrine-preferring" monoamine releasers: time course and interaction studies in rhesus monkeys"
7113:"The new psychoactive substances 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole (5-IT) and 6-(2-aminopropyl)indole (6-IT) interact with monoamine transporters in brain tissue"
6417:
3677:
3644:
5484:
Rickli A, Kolaczynska K, Hoener MC, Liechti ME (May 2019). "Pharmacological characterization of the aminorex analogs 4-MAR, 4,4'-DMAR, and 3,4-DMAR".
5695:
Knoll J (August 2003). "Enhancer regulation/endogenous and synthetic enhancer compounds: a neurochemical concept of the innate and acquired drives".
5532:"The atypical stimulant and nootropic modafinil interacts with the dopamine transporter in a different manner than classical cocaine-like inhibitors"
3095:
3053:
3603:
3243:
3210:
7059:"Synthesis, characterization, and monoamine transporter activity of the new psychoactive substance 3',4'-methylenedioxy-4-methylaminorex (MDMAR)"
10554:
2266:
2041:
1999:
5899:
9938:
6275:"Abuse-related effects of dual dopamine/serotonin releasers with varying potency to release norepinephrine in male rats and rhesus monkeys"
5876:
Parrott AC, Stuart M (1 September 1997). "Ecstasy (MDMA), amphetamine, and LSD: comparative mood profiles in recreational polydrug users".
236:
4495:
Knoll J, Miklya I, Knoll B, MarkĂł R, RĂĄcz D (1996). "Phenylethylamine and tyramine are mixed-acting sympathomimetic amines in the brain".
7845:
7003:"Studies of the biogenic amine transporters. 14. Identification of low-efficacy "partial" substrates for the biogenic amine transporters"
4789:"The emerging role of trace amine-associated receptor 1 in the functional regulation of monoamine transporters and dopaminergic activity"
230:
9494:
6325:
Kostrzewa RM (2022). "Survey of
Selective Monoaminergic Neurotoxins Targeting Dopaminergic, Noradrenergic, and Serotoninergic Neurons".
5591:"Modafinil and its structural analogs as atypical dopamine uptake inhibitors and potential medications for psychostimulant use disorder"
611:
MRAs can have a wide variety of effects depending upon their selectivity for inducing release of different monoamine neurotransmitters.
98:
7205:"Powerful cocaine-like actions of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), a principal constituent of psychoactive 'bath salts' products"
51:
70:
6127:
Meeusen R, Watson P, Hasegawa H, Roelands B, Piacentini MF (1 January 2006). "Central fatigue: the serotonin hypothesis and beyond".
3475:
7257:"N-substituted piperazines abused by humans mimic the molecular mechanism of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, or 'Ecstasy')"
10016:
7866:
694:
6935:"Characterization of a novel and potentially lethal designer drug (±)-cis-para-methyl-4-methylaminorex (4,4'-DMAR, or 'Serotoni')"
9820:
6644:
Courtney KE, Ray LA (2016). "Clinical neuroscience of amphetamine-type stimulants: From basic science to treatment development".
77:
10053:
10000:
667:
242:
10062:
6342:
5843:
5213:
4853:
4758:
4724:
4690:
912:(5-IAI), have been developed. Certain drugs have been found to block the neurotoxicity of MRAs in animals. For instance, the
4252:
931:
9639:
8931:
8279:
6720:"Beyond ecstasy: Alternative entactogens to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine with potential applications in psychotherapy"
5053:"Nonclassical pharmacology of the dopamine transporter: atypical inhibitors, allosteric modulators, and partial substrates"
4058:
800:
84:
10589:
8845:
8157:
7859:
7745:"The designer methcathinone analogs, mephedrone and methylone, are substrates for monoamine transporters in brain tissue"
7556:"The designer methcathinone analogs, mephedrone and methylone, are substrates for monoamine transporters in brain tissue"
9649:
8956:
8299:
66:
9694:
733:
396:
117:
5324:"Augmentation of methamphetamine-induced behaviors in transgenic mice lacking the trace amine-associated receptor 1"
10238:
10233:
9654:
8961:
8304:
7504:
Rothman RB, Baumann MH (April 2002). "Serotonin releasing agents. Neurochemical, therapeutic and adverse effects".
905:
9825:
9346:
8591:
576:
262:
184:. Many drugs induce their effects in the body and/or brain via the release of monoamine neurotransmitters, e.g.,
10020:
9790:
9634:
9197:
9166:
8941:
8460:
8434:
8289:
2602:
799:
are NDRAs but only very weak releasers of serotonin (~60- and 30-fold less than of dopamine, respectively) and
600:
213:
55:
5437:
al. 2016). For example, and bind and activate TAAR1 in the nanomolar range, but do not activate human TAAR1.
10290:
9679:
9629:
9624:
9341:
8936:
8284:
2690:
2470:
887:
784:
631:
4942:"Trace amine-associated receptor 1 is a stereoselective binding site for compounds in the amphetamine class"
10568:
9996:
9805:
9795:
9775:
9734:
9709:
9659:
9569:
9176:
9171:
8966:
8444:
8439:
8309:
7469:
Rothman RB, Baumann MH (July 2002). "Therapeutic and adverse actions of serotonin transporter substrates".
4173:
3745:
3492:
3451:
891:
258:
5200:. Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 23. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 175â194.
4299:"Interaction of psychoactive tryptamines with biogenic amine transporters and serotonin receptor subtypes"
9815:
9810:
9785:
9739:
9449:
9181:
9161:
8785:
8713:
8082:
8012:
6520:
Advokat C (July 2007). "Update on amphetamine neurotoxicity and its relevance to the treatment of ADHD".
5410:
Simmler LD, Liechti ME (2018). "Pharmacology of MDMA- and
Amphetamine-Like New Psychoactive Substances".
4995:"Behavioral, biological, and chemical perspectives on atypical agents targeting the dopamine transporter"
4441:"Behavioral, biological, and chemical perspectives on atypical agents targeting the dopamine transporter"
4084:
2494:
852:
839:, are known. However, besides their serotonin release, these compounds additionally act as non-selective
698:
670:(SSRIs) owing to the fact that they can produce much larger increases in serotonin levels in comparison.
494:
7111:
Marusich JA, Antonazzo KR, Blough BE, Brandt SD, Kavanagh PV, Partilla JS, et al. (February 2016).
10243:
10100:
10046:
9366:
9316:
1189:
1012:
725:
584:
428:
364:
356:
316:
278:
162:
91:
5783:"Striking Neurochemical and Behavioral Differences in the Mode of Action of Selegiline and Rasagiline"
200:
MRAs can be classified by the monoamines they mainly release, although these drugs lie on a spectrum.
7890:
2518:
741:
690:
630:
effects have been reported. Less selective SRAs that also stimulate the release of dopamine, such as
207:
10315:
8780:
8077:
5890:
10599:
10325:
9564:
9287:
8840:
8560:
8137:
1282:
864:
596:
219:
10594:
10340:
9851:
9729:
9544:
9504:
9469:
9459:
8733:
8723:
8032:
8022:
6215:"Dual dopamine/serotonin releasers as potential medications for stimulant and alcohol addictions"
5859:
4363:
Blough BE, Landavazo A, Partilla JS, Decker AM, Page KM, Baumann MH, et al. (October 2014).
1854:
1592:
1375:
1112:
748:
549:
312:
189:
44:
10031:
7203:
Baumann MH, Partilla JS, Lehner KR, Thorndike EB, Hoffman AF, Holy M, et al. (March 2013).
10553:
or in the associated compound articles. For TAAR2 and TAAR5 agonists and inverse agonists, see
10479:
10310:
10305:
10300:
10147:
10012:
10008:
9876:
9780:
9744:
9719:
9156:
9041:
8429:
8337:
5885:
3146:
1895:
1485:
1222:
737:
702:
518:
320:
7743:
Baumann MH, Ayestas MA, Partilla JS, Sink JR, Shulgin AT, Daley PF, et al. (April 2012).
7554:
Baumann MH, Ayestas MA, Partilla JS, Sink JR, Shulgin AT, Daley PF, et al. (April 2012).
7057:
McLaughlin G, Morris N, Kavanagh PV, Power JD, Twamley B, O'Brien J, et al. (July 2015).
5833:
10065:
10039:
9871:
9714:
9033:
8991:
8329:
8247:
6273:
Banks ML, Bauer CT, Blough BE, Rothman RB, Partilla JS, Baumann MH, et al. (June 2014).
6088:"Ephedra and its application to sport performance: another concern for the athletic trainer?"
4993:
Reith ME, Blough BE, Hong WC, Jones KT, Schmitt KC, Baumann MH, et al. (February 2015).
4893:"A receptor mechanism for methamphetamine action in dopamine transporter regulation in brain"
4439:
Reith ME, Blough BE, Hong WC, Jones KT, Schmitt KC, Baumann MH, et al. (February 2015).
2954:
1683:
1071:
1047:
828:
768:
756:
473:
448:
432:
420:
368:
5196:
Espinoza S, Gainetdinov RR (2014). "Neuronal
Functions and Emerging Pharmacology of TAAR1".
4644:
Rothman RB, Baumann MH (2006). "Therapeutic potential of monoamine transporter substrates".
1640:
10275:
10004:
9724:
9699:
9559:
9514:
9464:
9079:
9023:
8905:
8835:
8550:
8345:
8207:
8132:
5543:
5493:
4604:
Rothman RB, Baumann MH (October 2003). "Monoamine transporters and psychostimulant drugs".
3424:
2214:
909:
651:
538:
424:
360:
1616:
332:
8:
10280:
9866:
9604:
9454:
9296:
9074:
8996:
8830:
8728:
8718:
8641:
8575:
8252:
8142:
8027:
8017:
7940:
6933:
Brandt SD, Baumann MH, Partilla JS, Kavanagh PV, Power JD, Talbot B, et al. (2014).
3960:
3715:
2987:
1198:
1145:
1121:
1095:
913:
788:
488:
481:
392:
5809:
5782:
5547:
5497:
137:, the prototypical monoamine releasing agent, which acts on norepinephrine and dopamine.
10387:
10184:
9881:
9217:
9212:
8708:
8475:
8007:
7816:
7791:
7769:
7744:
7676:
7651:
7629:
7580:
7555:
7529:
7448:
7389:
7339:
7229:
7204:
7137:
7112:
7083:
7058:
7027:
7002:
6959:
6934:
6910:
6795:
6768:
6744:
6719:
6581:
6556:
6490:
6463:
6299:
6274:
6239:
6214:
6195:
6152:
6068:
5983:
5958:
5758:
5731:
5670:
5615:
5590:
5566:
5531:
5348:
5323:
5258:
5233:
5126:
5101:
5077:
5052:
5019:
4994:
4966:
4941:
4917:
4892:
4864:
4813:
4788:
4465:
4440:
4389:
4364:
4323:
4298:
4297:
Blough BE, Landavazo A, Decker AM, Partilla JS, Baumann MH, Rothman RB (October 2014).
4264:
3351:
3318:
2164:
2116:
840:
760:
464:
308:
7718:
7517:
7482:
7176:
6418:"Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder a Risk Syndrome for Parkinson's Disease?"
6104:
6087:
5935:
4543:
4161:
The smaller the value, the more strongly the substance releases the neurotransmitter.
904:
of MDMA with retained MRA activity but reduced or no serotonergic neurotoxicity, like
10521:
10142:
10137:
9092:
8916:
8763:
8378:
8212:
8061:
7821:
7774:
7722:
7681:
7621:
7585:
7521:
7486:
7440:
7381:
7331:
7278:
7255:
Baumann MH, Clark RD, Budzynski AG, Partilla JS, Blough BE, Rothman RB (March 2005).
7234:
7180:
7142:
7128:
7088:
7032:
6964:
6902:
6860:
6800:
6749:
6700:
6661:
6626:
6586:
6537:
6495:
6440:
6393:
6338:
6304:
6244:
6187:
6183:
6144:
6140:
6109:
6060:
6024:
6020:
5988:
5939:
5903:
5839:
5814:
5763:
5712:
5662:
5620:
5571:
5509:
5466:
5427:
5388:
5353:
5301:
5263:
5209:
5175:
5171:
5131:
5082:
5024:
5010:
4971:
4922:
4869:
4849:
4818:
4804:
4754:
4720:
4686:
4661:
4621:
4583:
4547:
4512:
4508:
4470:
4456:
4394:
4328:
4256:
4178:
3899:
3793:
1755:
901:
767:, but have also seen use as wakefulness-promoting agents, appetite suppressants, and
706:
639:
436:
408:
384:
7650:
Kohut SJ, Jacobs DS, Rothman RB, Partilla JS, Bergman J, Blough BE (December 2017).
7633:
7533:
7393:
7343:
6914:
6557:"Potential adverse effects of amphetamine treatment on brain and behavior: a review"
6379:
6199:
6072:
5674:
4268:
10155:
9770:
9614:
9524:
9413:
9277:
9151:
9064:
8921:
8657:
8545:
8424:
8368:
8217:
7956:
7811:
7803:
7764:
7756:
7714:
7671:
7663:
7613:
7575:
7567:
7513:
7478:
7432:
7373:
7323:
7268:
7224:
7216:
7172:
7132:
7124:
7078:
7070:
7022:
7014:
6954:
6946:
6894:
6852:
6790:
6780:
6739:
6731:
6692:
6653:
6618:
6576:
6568:
6529:
6485:
6475:
6432:
6383:
6375:
6330:
6294:
6286:
6234:
6226:
6179:
6156:
6136:
6099:
6052:
6016:
5978:
5970:
5931:
5895:
5804:
5794:
5753:
5743:
5704:
5654:
5610:
5602:
5561:
5551:
5501:
5458:
5419:
5380:
5343:
5335:
5293:
5253:
5245:
5201:
5167:
5121:
5113:
5072:
5064:
5014:
5006:
4961:
4953:
4912:
4904:
4859:
4841:
4808:
4800:
4653:
4613:
4575:
4539:
4504:
4460:
4452:
4384:
4376:
4318:
4310:
4248:
2350:
2068:
1928:
1878:
1169:
686:
580:
485:
452:
400:
345:
181:
7452:
7001:
Rothman RB, Partilla JS, Baumann MH, Lightfoot-Siordia C, Blough BE (April 2012).
771:. They have additionally seen use as performance-enhancing drugs, for instance in
10405:
10348:
10330:
10320:
10171:
10163:
9704:
9549:
9292:
9207:
9097:
8986:
8768:
8631:
8570:
8565:
8470:
8383:
8242:
8066:
7930:
7807:
6856:
6436:
6334:
5556:
4748:
4714:
4680:
4617:
4579:
3932:
3826:
3501:
3294:
2915:
2443:
2410:
1788:
916:
895:
883:
851:(with accompanying hallucinogenic effects), and some of them are known to act as
844:
796:
744:
674:
556:
542:
510:
506:
380:
5732:"Enhancer Regulation of Dopaminergic Neurochemical Transmission in the Striatum"
5658:
5505:
4845:
1518:
1494:
1468:
832:
10491:
10179:
10120:
9539:
9302:
9232:
9054:
8951:
8865:
8500:
8358:
8237:
8167:
6657:
5606:
5249:
4836:
Wu R, Liu J, Li JX (2022). "Trace amine-associated receptor 1 and drug abuse".
4657:
4380:
3527:
3270:
2891:
962:
764:
659:
564:
469:
440:
416:
372:
296:
285:
10539:
7667:
6696:
5974:
5959:"The drug effects questionnaire: psychometric support across three drug types"
5708:
5339:
4957:
4314:
10583:
10207:
10199:
9272:
9262:
9202:
9125:
9003:
8981:
8790:
8636:
8540:
8530:
8465:
8398:
8259:
8092:
7935:
7851:
6785:
6735:
6533:
6480:
5957:
Morean ME, de Wit H, King AC, Sofuoglu M, Rueger SY, O'Malley SS (May 2013).
5907:
5900:
10.1002/(sici)1099-1077(199709/10)12:5<501::aid-hup913>3.3.co;2-m
5322:
Achat-Mendes C, Lynch LJ, Sullivan KA, Vallender EJ, Miller GM (April 2012).
5117:
3555:
3014:
922:
has been found to prevent the serotonergic neurotoxicity of MDMA in rodents.
872:
868:
643:
388:
177:
174:
22:
7617:
7377:
7327:
7018:
6898:
6622:
5462:
5297:
5068:
4908:
10368:
10285:
10260:
9975:
9902:
9846:
9841:
9589:
9489:
9479:
9444:
9247:
9227:
9130:
8875:
8870:
8855:
8775:
8748:
8616:
8611:
8515:
8495:
8403:
8177:
8172:
8152:
8072:
8047:
7915:
7910:
7825:
7778:
7726:
7685:
7625:
7589:
7525:
7490:
7444:
7385:
7335:
7282:
7273:
7256:
7238:
7184:
7146:
7092:
7036:
6968:
6906:
6864:
6804:
6753:
6704:
6665:
6630:
6590:
6541:
6499:
6444:
6397:
6308:
6248:
6191:
6148:
6113:
6064:
6028:
5992:
5943:
5818:
5767:
5716:
5666:
5624:
5575:
5513:
5470:
5431:
5392:
5357:
5305:
5267:
5179:
5135:
5102:"Amphetamine, past and present--a pharmacological and clinical perspective"
5086:
5028:
4975:
4926:
4873:
4822:
4665:
4625:
4587:
4474:
4398:
4332:
4260:
3170:
2380:
2326:
2190:
836:
804:
685:. Other variables can significantly affect the subjective effects, such as
627:
615:
497:(DRIs) have been grouped into two types, typical or conventional DRIs like
444:
185:
7436:
6056:
5799:
4551:
4516:
1542:
10395:
10353:
10335:
10228:
10132:
10115:
10091:
9970:
9955:
9800:
9684:
9594:
9534:
9242:
9087:
9069:
8885:
8880:
8825:
8820:
8758:
8753:
8692:
8672:
8510:
8373:
8269:
8187:
8182:
8122:
8117:
8057:
8052:
7991:
7971:
7760:
7571:
7220:
6230:
5748:
5423:
5205:
3579:
2293:
1716:
1664:
879:
792:
752:
721:
710:
647:
560:
552:
530:
376:
293:
134:
6388:
130:
10363:
10265:
10255:
10194:
10189:
9945:
9886:
9669:
9664:
9619:
9609:
9599:
9509:
9499:
9428:
9423:
9257:
9252:
9237:
9106:
9102:
9059:
9028:
9008:
8976:
8926:
8895:
8800:
8795:
8743:
8738:
8682:
8677:
8667:
8525:
8520:
8505:
8490:
8363:
8353:
8324:
8264:
8232:
8222:
8197:
8127:
8097:
8087:
8042:
8037:
7981:
7976:
7966:
7787:
7000:
6572:
4110:
2867:
919:
824:
729:
678:
673:
DRAs, usually non-selective for both norepinephrine and dopamine, have
663:
655:
588:
568:
522:
300:
274:
10373:
10358:
10270:
10125:
10110:
9965:
9960:
9933:
9907:
9861:
9856:
9674:
9387:
9282:
9267:
9013:
8971:
8900:
8850:
8815:
8555:
8535:
8314:
8227:
8202:
8147:
8112:
7074:
6950:
6290:
5384:
4010:
3122:
2232:
1960:
1904:
1566:
952:
808:
717:
619:
534:
526:
502:
477:
404:
342:
289:
4750:
The
Shulgin Index: Psychedelic Phenethylamines and Related Compounds
33:
10105:
9980:
9760:
9584:
9579:
9529:
9519:
9418:
9146:
9120:
9115:
9049:
9018:
8890:
8860:
8805:
8687:
8662:
8626:
8621:
8419:
8393:
8388:
8319:
8192:
8162:
8102:
7986:
7961:
7925:
7920:
4253:
10.1002/1098-2396(20010101)39:1<32::AID-SYN5>3.0.CO;2-3
4134:
3986:
2140:
1692:
972:
682:
635:
623:
572:
514:
304:
281:
10538:
References for all endogenous human TAAR1 ligands are provided at
5321:
716:
Selective NRAs are minimally psychoactive, but as demonstrated by
10082:
10061:
8810:
8107:
7417:
7415:
7413:
7411:
7409:
7407:
7405:
7403:
6842:
6555:
Berman SM, Kuczenski R, McCracken JT, London ED (February 2009).
5920:
3390:
498:
391:
to varying degrees. Once inside the presynaptic neuron, they may
349:
338:
170:
166:
158:
7421:
6607:
5647:
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
5317:
5315:
9484:
9474:
8910:
8480:
7840:
7602:
7052:
7050:
7048:
7046:
5589:
Tanda G, Hersey M, Hempel B, Xi ZX, Newman AH (February 2021).
875:
772:
352:
21:"Releasing agent" redirects here. For mold release agents, see
7792:"Neurochemical profiles of some novel psychoactive substances"
7400:
7202:
7106:
7104:
7102:
6554:
6364:
6360:
6358:
6356:
6354:
5483:
315:
of these endogenous compounds, most prominently including the
10550:
10464:
10427:
10413:
10073:
9689:
9554:
9397:
9382:
9356:
9336:
9222:
8485:
8274:
7549:
7547:
7545:
7543:
7254:
7110:
7056:
6996:
6994:
6992:
6990:
6988:
6986:
6984:
6982:
6980:
6978:
6932:
6760:
6329:. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 159â198.
6126:
5312:
5283:
5279:
5277:
4365:"Alpha-ethyltryptamines as dual dopamine-serotonin releasers"
4362:
4358:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4348:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4296:
816:
812:
412:
7250:
7248:
7198:
7196:
7194:
7043:
6928:
6926:
6924:
6548:
6005:
720:, may be distinguished from placebo, and may trends towards
348:
by various complex mechanisms of action. They may enter the
10295:
9644:
9574:
9392:
9361:
9351:
8946:
8294:
7703:
7596:
7363:
7359:
7357:
7355:
7353:
7099:
6838:
6836:
6834:
6351:
5477:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4233:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4215:
4213:
2750:
2714:
1021:
993:
938:
411:
at VMAT2. MRAs can also bind to the intracellular receptor
154:
7785:
7742:
7699:
7697:
7695:
7649:
7553:
7540:
6975:
6832:
6830:
6828:
6826:
6824:
6822:
6820:
6818:
6816:
6814:
6041:
5274:
5191:
5189:
5046:
5044:
5042:
4339:
4237:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4199:
4197:
4195:
4193:
415:
as agonists, which triggers a phosphorylation cascade via
7645:
7643:
7606:
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
7366:
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
7316:
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
7245:
7191:
7007:
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
6921:
6887:
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
6884:
6880:
6878:
6876:
6874:
6769:"Synthetic Aminoindanes: A Summary of Existing Knowledge"
6766:
6676:
6120:
5999:
5914:
5286:
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
5057:
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
4897:
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
658:. They have also been proposed for use as more effective
10549:
References for synthetic TAAR1 agonists can be found at
7350:
7308:
7306:
7304:
7302:
7300:
7298:
7296:
7294:
7292:
6206:
5956:
5448:
5364:
4523:
4275:
8592:
7692:
7162:
6811:
6272:
6268:
6266:
6264:
6262:
6260:
6258:
5186:
5039:
4740:
4190:
227:
Non-selective, releasing two or more neurotransmitters
7640:
7464:
7462:
7158:
7156:
6871:
6601:
5774:
5723:
5442:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5147:
5145:
4933:
4564:
4490:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4434:
4432:
4430:
4428:
277:
compounds are known to act as MRAs. These include the
7312:
7289:
6682:
6035:
5865:. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1976. pp. 2â.
5582:
4838:
Behavioral Pharmacology of Drug Abuse: Current Status
4558:
4529:
4494:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4410:
4408:
7786:
Iversen L, Gibbons S, Treble R, Setola V, Huang XP,
6255:
6212:
5640:
5638:
5636:
5634:
5370:
4992:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4599:
4597:
4438:
932:
Monoamine reuptake inhibitor § Binding profiles
399:(VMAT2) and release the neurotransmitters stores of
7497:
7459:
7153:
6163:
5878:
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental
5588:
5525:
5523:
5195:
5142:
5099:
5093:
5050:
4986:
4746:
4481:
878:. Examples include dopaminergic neurotoxicity with
58:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
9317:
6213:Rothman RB, Blough BE, Baumann MH (January 2007).
5780:
5729:
5403:
5100:Heal DJ, Smith SL, Gosden J, Nutt DJ (June 2013).
4939:
4706:
4672:
4405:
7891:
6411:
6409:
6407:
5869:
5631:
4840:. Adv Pharmacol. Vol. 93. pp. 373â401.
4632:
4594:
249:Serotoninânorepinephrineâdopamine releasing agent
10581:
6320:
6318:
5520:
4940:Lewin AH, Miller GM, Gilmour B (December 2011).
6637:
6169:
5157:
7881:
7503:
7468:
6515:
6513:
6404:
5852:
5409:
5227:
5225:
5051:Schmitt KC, Rothman RB, Reith ME (July 2013).
4712:
4678:
4643:
4603:
10047:
7867:
6767:Pinterova N, Horsley RR, Palenicek T (2017).
6455:
6315:
5875:
5781:Harsing LG, Timar J, Miklya I (August 2023).
5730:Harsing LG, Knoll J, Miklya I (August 2022).
5644:
4884:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4776:
6279:Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology
5690:
5688:
5686:
5684:
5529:
4369:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
435:); upon phosphorylation, these transporters
6643:
6510:
5787:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
5736:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
5222:
4829:
10054:
10040:
7874:
7860:
6415:
6079:
4773:
3971:
3808:
2675:
2670:
689:(increasing positive effects of DRAs) and
423:located at the plasma membrane (i.e., the
7815:
7768:
7675:
7579:
7272:
7228:
7136:
7082:
7026:
6958:
6794:
6784:
6743:
6580:
6489:
6479:
6464:"Psychostimulants and movement disorders"
6461:
6387:
6324:
6298:
6238:
6103:
6045:European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
5982:
5889:
5825:
5808:
5798:
5757:
5747:
5681:
5614:
5565:
5555:
5347:
5257:
5125:
5076:
5018:
4965:
4916:
4890:
4863:
4812:
4464:
4388:
4322:
626:in lower doses, and in higher doses some
118:Learn how and when to remove this message
7506:Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
6711:
5838:. Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 117â.
5328:Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
695:attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
677:effects, causing an increase in energy,
237:Serotoninânorepinephrine releasing agent
129:
8597:Tooltip Norepinephrine releasing agents
6519:
5835:Neurological Aspects of Substance Abuse
5231:
4835:
4747:Shulgin A, Manning T, Daley PF (2011).
668:selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
618:and related compounds are described as
419:that results in the phosphorylation of
395:of monoamine neurotransmitters through
231:Norepinephrineâdopamine releasing agent
10582:
6085:
4786:
4685:. Biography/science. Transform Press.
963:
326:
265:, which work via distinct mechanisms.
10063:Human trace amine-associated receptor
10035:
7855:
5831:
5694:
5234:"TAAR1 and Psychostimulant Addiction"
4646:Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
971:
961:
951:
843:agonists, including of the serotonin
7165:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
6717:
4946:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
925:
886:and serotonergic neurotoxicity with
863:Some MRAs have been found to act as
693:. They are used in the treatment of
443:where they bind to their associated
292:(an SRA) themselves, as well as the
56:adding citations to reliable sources
27:
5238:Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology
606:
333:Amphetamine § Pharmacodynamics
303:(an SDRA or imbalanced SNDRA), and
204:Selective for one neurotransmitter
13:
9322:Tooltip Serotonin releasing agents
7736:
898:lack apparent neurotoxic effects.
867:and hence to produce long-lasting
697:(ADHD), as appetite suppressants,
268:
243:Serotoninâdopamine releasing agent
14:
10611:
10354:Ralmitaront (RG-7906, RO-6889450)
7896:Tooltip Dopamine releasing agents
7833:
5232:Liu J, Wu R, Li JX (March 2020).
953:
734:norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
579:(MAEs). That is, they induce the
397:vesicular monoamine transporter 2
7839:
7796:European Journal of Pharmacology
7707:European Journal of Pharmacology
7129:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.09.004
6845:European Journal of Pharmacology
6184:10.2165/11533670-000000000-00000
6141:10.2165/00007256-200636100-00006
6021:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.08.004
5172:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.06.012
5011:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.005
4805:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07109.x
4753:. Vol. 1. Transform Press.
4606:European Journal of Pharmacology
4568:European Journal of Pharmacology
4532:European Journal of Pharmacology
4457:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.005
4098:
2178:
1943:
1580:
1035:
1007:
973:
906:5,6-methylenedioxy-2-aminoindane
858:
691:psychological expectancy effects
577:monoaminergic activity enhancers
521:effects, and atypical DRIs like
371:(SERT). Some, such as exogenous
311:MRAs are substantially based on
263:monoaminergic activity enhancers
257:MRAs must be distinguished from
195:
173:, leading to an increase in the
32:
10017:Monoamine metabolism modulators
7471:Pharmacology & Therapeutics
6380:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.09.011
5950:
5595:Current Opinion in Pharmacology
4066:
3886:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3852:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3814:
3803:
3798:
3733:
3725:
3720:
3708:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3631:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3537:
3532:
3515:
3377:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3344:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3197:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3082:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3040:
3029:
3024:
3019:
2941:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2800:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2368:
2360:
2355:
2319:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2219:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2028:
2017:
2012:
2007:
1986:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1948:
1938:
1933:
1842:
1834:
1829:
1817:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1742:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1678:
1461:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1436:(''S'')-5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole
1406:(''R'')-5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole
1352:''trans''-4,4'-Dimethylaminorex
1308:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1240:
1232:
1227:
437:transport monoamines in reverse
43:needs additional citations for
10121:Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
4891:Xie Z, Miller GM (July 2009).
4713:Shulgin AT, Shulgin A (1997).
4679:Shulgin AT, Shulgin A (1991).
787:(MDMA), while others are more
778:
634:(MDMA), are described as more
601:benzofuranylpropylaminopentane
214:Norepinephrine releasing agent
1:
10569:Receptor/signaling modulators
10001:Monoamine reuptake inhibitors
9997:Receptor/signaling modulators
7719:10.1016/s0014-2999(02)01830-7
7518:10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00669-4
7483:10.1016/s0163-7258(02)00234-6
7177:10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00210-8
5936:10.1016/s0028-3908(99)00023-4
5530:Schmitt KC, Reith ME (2011).
5106:Journal of Psychopharmacology
4682:Pihkal: A Chemical Love Story
4544:10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00191-5
4184:
1322:''cis''-4,4'-Dimethylaminorex
892:monoamine reuptake inhibitors
888:methylenedioxymethamphetamine
785:methylenedioxymethamphetamine
632:methylenedioxymethamphetamine
603:(BPAP), have been developed.
259:monoamine reuptake inhibitors
9953:Adrenergic release blockers:
7808:10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.12.006
6857:10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.11.075
6437:10.1097/HRP.0000000000000283
6335:10.1007/978-3-031-15080-7_53
6092:Journal of Athletic Training
5557:10.1371/journal.pone.0025790
4618:10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.054
4580:10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.037
4509:10.1016/0024-3205(96)00204-4
4174:Monoamine reuptake inhibitor
1665:Amfepramone (diethylpropion)
853:monoamine oxidase inhibitors
699:wakefulness-promoting agents
495:Dopamine reuptake inhibitors
357:plasma membrane transporters
7:
10101:monoamine neurotransmitters
6685:Atten Defic Hyperact Disord
6009:Drug and Alcohol Dependence
5659:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2003.11.016
5506:10.1016/j.neuro.2019.02.011
4999:Drug and Alcohol Dependence
4846:10.1016/bs.apha.2021.10.005
4445:Drug and Alcohol Dependence
4167:
1253:4-Methylthiomethamphetamine
937:Activity profiles of MRAs (
757:force of heart contractions
585:monoamine neurotransmitters
317:substituted phenethylamines
279:monoamine neurotransmitters
67:"Monoamine releasing agent"
10:
10616:
10590:Monoamine releasing agents
7883:Monoamine releasing agents
7846:Monoamine releasing agents
6658:10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.07.010
6086:Powers ME (October 2001).
5607:10.1016/j.coph.2020.07.007
5250:10.1007/s10571-020-00792-8
4787:Miller GM (January 2011).
4658:10.2174/156802606778249766
4381:10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.062
929:
429:norepinephrine transporter
365:norepinephrine transporter
330:
163:monoamine neurotransmitter
20:
10534:
10514:
10500:
10472:
10463:
10445:
10435:
10426:
10404:
10386:
10221:
10090:
10081:
10072:
9989:
9920:
9895:
9834:
9753:
9437:
9406:
9375:
9329:
9315:
9190:
9139:
8701:
8650:
8604:
8590:
8453:
8412:
8000:
7949:
7903:
7889:
7668:10.1007/s00213-017-4731-5
7063:Drug Testing and Analysis
6939:Drug Testing and Analysis
6697:10.1007/s12402-013-0105-y
6327:Handbook of Neurotoxicity
5975:10.1007/s00213-012-2954-z
5340:10.1016/j.pbb.2011.10.025
4958:10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.007
4793:Journal of Neurochemistry
4315:10.1007/s00213-014-3557-7
4157:
3862:(racemic pseudoephedrine)
865:monoaminergic neurotoxins
707:drugs of recreational use
650:. SRAs have been used as
445:presynaptic autoreceptors
208:Serotonin releasing agent
192:, and related compounds.
143:monoamine releasing agent
10116:Epinephrine (adrenaline)
9288:Phthalimidopropiophenone
8561:Phthalimidopropiophenone
6786:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00236
6736:10.1177/0269881120920420
6534:10.1177/1087054706295605
6481:10.3389/fneur.2015.00075
6462:Asser A, Taba P (2015).
5118:10.1177/0269881113482532
4716:Tihkal: The Continuation
597:phenylpropylaminopentane
220:Dopamine releasing agent
190:substituted amphetamines
10251:-Dimethylphenethylamine
7749:Neuropsychopharmacology
7618:10.1124/jpet.104.082503
7560:Neuropsychopharmacology
7378:10.1124/jpet.103.049684
7328:10.1124/jpet.103.053975
7261:Neuropsychopharmacology
7209:Neuropsychopharmacology
7019:10.1124/jpet.111.188946
6899:10.1124/jpet.104.080101
6623:10.1124/jpet.105.087916
5709:10.1023/a:1024224311289
5463:10.1124/jpet.115.229765
5298:10.1124/jpet.107.132647
5069:10.1124/jpet.111.191056
4909:10.1124/jpet.109.153775
1593:6-(2-Aminopropyl)indole
1376:5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole
807:, a selective SRA, and
736:. In addition to their
614:Selective SRAs such as
321:substituted tryptamines
313:structural modification
10374:Ulotaront (SEP-363856)
10316:ÎČ-Methylphenethylamine
10311:4-Methylphenethylamine
10306:3-Methylphenethylamine
10301:2-Methylphenethylamine
7425:Molecular Pharmacology
7274:10.1038/sj.npp.1300585
6416:Baumeister AA (2021).
5697:Neurochemical Research
3147:Naphthylisopropylamine
1223:4-Methylphenethylamine
968:Tooltip Norepinephrine
769:antihypotensive agents
740:effects, NRAs produce
449:postsynaptic receptors
421:monoamine transporters
138:
10296:MDMA (midomafetamine)
10222:Synthetic and natural
10151:-Methylphenethylamine
10021:Monoamine neurotoxins
9645:MDMA (midomafetamine)
8992:Dextromethamphetamine
8947:MDMA (midomafetamine)
8295:MDMA (midomafetamine)
8248:Dextromethamphetamine
7437:10.1124/mol.63.6.1223
6057:10.1007/s002280100317
5800:10.3390/ijms241713334
4085:Trimethoxyamphetamine
3173:(phenylpropanolamine)
1283:4,4'-Dimethylaminorex
1072:3-Methylmethcathinone
1048:3-Chloromethcathinone
726:performance-enhancing
681:, elevated mood, and
652:appetite suppressants
583:-mediated release of
433:serotonin transporter
369:serotonin transporter
133:
10540:List of trace amines
10276:4-Hydroxyamphetamine
9024:Naphthylaminopropane
8906:4-Hydroxyamphetamine
8551:Naphthylaminopropane
8208:4-Hydroxyamphetamine
7848:at Wikimedia Commons
7761:10.1038/npp.2011.304
7662:(23â24): 3455â3465.
7572:10.1038/npp.2011.304
7221:10.1038/npp.2012.204
6718:Oeri HE (May 2021).
6611:J Pharmacol Exp Ther
6231:10.1208/aapsj0901001
5749:10.3390/ijms23158543
5451:J Pharmacol Exp Ther
5424:10.1007/164_2018_113
5206:10.1007/7355_2014_78
1825:ÎČ-Ketophenethylamine
910:5-iodo-2-aminoindane
749:increased heart rate
548:Some MRAs, like the
539:dopamine transporter
509:that produce potent
425:dopamine transporter
393:inhibit the reuptake
387:directly across the
361:dopamine transporter
52:improve this article
10501:Neutral antagonists
10487:-Dimethylethylamine
10446:Neutral antagonists
10388:Neutral antagonists
10291:MDA (tenamfetamine)
10281:Isopropyloctopamine
9630:MDA (tenamfetamine)
9297:Levopropylhexedrine
9075:Phenylpropanolamine
8997:Levomethamphetamine
8937:MDA (tenamfetamine)
8831:Dimethylamphetamine
8642:Pseudophenmetrazine
8576:Levopropylhexedrine
8285:MDA (tenamfetamine)
8253:Levomethamphetamine
8143:Dimethylamphetamine
7941:Pseudophenmetrazine
6425:Harv Rev Psychiatry
5548:2011PLoSO...625790S
5498:2019NeuTx..72...95R
5412:Handb Exp Pharmacol
5373:Hum Psychopharmacol
4719:. Transform Press.
3961:Pseudophenmetrazine
3716:Phenylisobutylamine
3428:-Norpseudoephedrine
3394:-Norpseudoephedrine
1199:4-Methylamphetamine
1146:4-Fluoroamphetamine
1122:3-Methylamphetamine
1096:3-Fluoroamphetamine
945:
761:nasal decongestants
759:. They are used as
724:. They may also be
575:, are additionally
482:4-methylamphetamine
327:Mechanism of action
10185:Phenylethanolamine
7656:Psychopharmacology
6573:10.1038/mp.2008.90
5963:Psychopharmacology
4303:Psychopharmacology
3849:Cyclohexethylamine
3352:Norpseudoephedrine
3341:Cyclohexethylamine
3319:Norpropylhexedrine
1641:α-Methyltryptamine
936:
841:serotonin receptor
732:which is solely a
703:improve motivation
465:Richard B. Rothman
167:presynaptic neuron
151:monoamine releaser
139:
16:Class of compounds
10577:
10576:
10572:
10558:
10542:
10530:
10529:
10522:3-Iodothyronamine
10459:
10458:
10422:
10421:
10414:EPPTB (RO5212773)
10382:
10381:
10143:3-Methoxytyramine
10138:3-Iodothyronamine
10029:
10028:
10024:
9916:
9915:
9311:
9310:
9093:Propylamphetamine
8917:Iofetamine (123I)
8764:Dextroamphetamine
8586:
8585:
8379:Propylamphetamine
8213:Iofetamine (123I)
8062:Dextroamphetamine
7844:Media related to
7171:(12): 2689â2692.
7117:Neuropharmacology
6724:J Psychopharmacol
6344:978-3-031-15079-1
5924:Neuropharmacology
5845:978-0-7506-7313-6
5832:Brust JC (2004).
5215:978-3-319-48925-4
5160:Neuropharmacology
4952:(23): 7044â7048.
4855:978-0-323-91526-7
4760:978-0-9630096-3-0
4726:978-0-9630096-9-2
4692:978-0-9630096-0-9
4652:(17): 1845â1859.
4503:(23): 2101â2114.
4375:(19): 4754â4758.
4309:(21): 4135â4144.
4179:Release modulator
4165:
4164:
3938:(pseudoephedrine)
3794:Propylamphetamine
1617:α-Ethyltryptamine
1173:-4-Methylaminorex
958:Tooltip Serotonin
926:Activity profiles
829:α-ethyltryptamine
728:, in contrast to
594:
409:reverse transport
401:synaptic vesicles
346:neurotransmitters
157:that induces the
128:
127:
120:
102:
10607:
10563:
10548:
10537:
10515:Inverse agonists
10470:
10469:
10433:
10432:
10406:Inverse agonists
10088:
10087:
10079:
10078:
10056:
10049:
10042:
10033:
10032:
9991:
9943:Antagonist-like:
9615:Levofenfluramine
9525:Chlorphentermine
9442:Phenethylamines:
9414:4-Methylaminorex
9327:
9326:
9323:
9319:
9278:Methylhexanamine
9109:
9065:Phenpromethamine
8922:Lisdexamfetamine
8706:Phenethylamines:
8602:
8601:
8598:
8594:
8546:Methylhexanamine
8369:Phenpromethamine
8218:Lisdexamfetamine
8005:Phenethylamines:
7901:
7900:
7897:
7893:
7876:
7869:
7862:
7853:
7852:
7843:
7829:
7819:
7802:(1â3): 147â151.
7790:(January 2013).
7782:
7772:
7755:(5): 1192â1203.
7731:
7730:
7701:
7690:
7689:
7679:
7647:
7638:
7637:
7612:(3): 1361â1369.
7600:
7594:
7593:
7583:
7566:(5): 1192â1203.
7551:
7538:
7537:
7501:
7495:
7494:
7466:
7457:
7456:
7431:(6): 1223â1229.
7419:
7398:
7397:
7372:(3): 1191â1199.
7361:
7348:
7347:
7310:
7287:
7286:
7276:
7252:
7243:
7242:
7232:
7200:
7189:
7188:
7160:
7151:
7150:
7140:
7108:
7097:
7096:
7086:
7075:10.1002/dta.1732
7054:
7041:
7040:
7030:
6998:
6973:
6972:
6962:
6951:10.1002/dta.1668
6945:(7â8): 684â695.
6930:
6919:
6918:
6882:
6869:
6868:
6851:(2â3): 132â137.
6840:
6809:
6808:
6798:
6788:
6773:Front Psychiatry
6764:
6758:
6757:
6747:
6715:
6709:
6708:
6680:
6674:
6673:
6641:
6635:
6634:
6605:
6599:
6598:
6584:
6552:
6546:
6545:
6517:
6508:
6507:
6493:
6483:
6459:
6453:
6452:
6422:
6413:
6402:
6401:
6391:
6362:
6349:
6348:
6322:
6313:
6312:
6302:
6291:10.1037/a0036595
6270:
6253:
6252:
6242:
6219:The AAPS Journal
6210:
6204:
6203:
6167:
6161:
6160:
6124:
6118:
6117:
6107:
6083:
6077:
6076:
6051:(6â7): 447â455.
6039:
6033:
6032:
6003:
5997:
5996:
5986:
5954:
5948:
5947:
5930:(7): 1055â1061.
5918:
5912:
5911:
5893:
5873:
5867:
5866:
5856:
5850:
5849:
5829:
5823:
5822:
5812:
5802:
5778:
5772:
5771:
5761:
5751:
5727:
5721:
5720:
5703:(8): 1275â1297.
5692:
5679:
5678:
5642:
5629:
5628:
5618:
5586:
5580:
5579:
5569:
5559:
5527:
5518:
5517:
5481:
5475:
5474:
5446:
5440:
5439:
5407:
5401:
5400:
5385:10.1002/hup.2866
5368:
5362:
5361:
5351:
5319:
5310:
5309:
5281:
5272:
5271:
5261:
5229:
5220:
5219:
5193:
5184:
5183:
5155:
5140:
5139:
5129:
5097:
5091:
5090:
5080:
5048:
5037:
5036:
5022:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4969:
4937:
4931:
4930:
4920:
4888:
4882:
4881:
4867:
4833:
4827:
4826:
4816:
4784:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4744:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4733:
4710:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4699:
4676:
4670:
4669:
4641:
4630:
4629:
4601:
4592:
4591:
4562:
4556:
4555:
4538:(2â3): 163â169.
4527:
4521:
4520:
4492:
4479:
4478:
4468:
4436:
4403:
4402:
4392:
4360:
4337:
4336:
4326:
4294:
4273:
4272:
4235:
4100:
4068:
3979:Phenylmorpholine
3973:
3936:-Pseudoephedrine
3935:
3931:
3928:
3903:-Pseudoephedrine
3902:
3898:
3895:
3888:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3854:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3816:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3735:
3727:
3722:
3710:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3647:
3643:
3640:
3633:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3572:Phenylmorpholine
3539:
3534:
3520:Phenylmorpholine
3517:
3493:Phenylmorpholine
3427:
3423:
3420:
3393:
3389:
3386:
3379:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3346:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3246:
3242:
3239:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3199:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3098:
3094:
3091:
3084:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3042:
3031:
3026:
3021:
2991:-Methamphetamine
2990:
2986:
2983:
2958:-Methamphetamine
2957:
2953:
2950:
2943:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2842:
2839:
2812:
2809:
2802:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2749:
2746:
2720:
2717:
2677:
2672:
2661:
2658:
2631:
2628:
2577:
2574:
2547:
2544:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2370:
2362:
2357:
2351:Ethylamphetamine
2321:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2221:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2180:
2069:Chlorphentermine
2044:
2040:
2037:
2030:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1988:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1929:Butylamphetamine
1879:Benzylpiperazine
1844:
1836:
1831:
1819:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1744:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1680:
1582:
1463:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1434:
1431:
1404:
1401:
1350:
1347:
1320:
1317:
1310:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1242:
1234:
1229:
1037:
1009:
979:
978:Tooltip Dopamine
975:
969:
965:
959:
955:
946:
935:
607:Effects and uses
592:
581:action potential
543:inverse agonists
491:, among others.
486:4-methylaminorex
182:neurotransmitter
123:
116:
112:
109:
103:
101:
60:
36:
28:
10615:
10614:
10610:
10609:
10608:
10606:
10605:
10604:
10600:VMAT inhibitors
10580:
10579:
10578:
10573:
10561:
10559:
10557:for references.
10545:
10543:
10526:
10510:
10496:
10455:
10441:
10418:
10400:
10378:
10349:Propylhexedrine
10331:Norfenfluramine
10321:Methamphetamine
10217:
10159:-Methyltyramine
10068:
10060:
10030:
10025:
9985:
9928:DAT modulators:
9912:
9891:
9830:
9749:
9705:Norfenfluramine
9550:Dexfenfluramine
9433:
9402:
9380:Aminotetralins:
9371:
9321:
9307:
9293:Propylhexedrine
9186:
9135:
9107:
9098:Pseudoephedrine
8987:Methamphetamine
8769:Levoamphetamine
8697:
8646:
8632:Phendimetrazine
8596:
8582:
8571:Propylhexedrine
8566:Phenylbiguanide
8449:
8408:
8384:Pseudoephedrine
8243:Methamphetamine
8067:Levoamphetamine
7996:
7945:
7931:Phendimetrazine
7895:
7885:
7880:
7836:
7739:
7737:Further reading
7734:
7702:
7693:
7648:
7641:
7601:
7597:
7552:
7541:
7502:
7498:
7467:
7460:
7420:
7401:
7362:
7351:
7311:
7290:
7253:
7246:
7201:
7192:
7161:
7154:
7109:
7100:
7055:
7044:
6999:
6976:
6931:
6922:
6883:
6872:
6841:
6812:
6765:
6761:
6716:
6712:
6681:
6677:
6642:
6638:
6606:
6602:
6553:
6549:
6518:
6511:
6460:
6456:
6420:
6414:
6405:
6363:
6352:
6345:
6323:
6316:
6271:
6256:
6211:
6207:
6172:Sports Medicine
6168:
6164:
6135:(10): 881â909.
6129:Sports Medicine
6125:
6121:
6084:
6080:
6040:
6036:
6004:
6000:
5955:
5951:
5919:
5915:
5891:10.1.1.515.2896
5874:
5870:
5858:
5857:
5853:
5846:
5830:
5826:
5779:
5775:
5728:
5724:
5693:
5682:
5643:
5632:
5587:
5583:
5528:
5521:
5486:Neurotoxicology
5482:
5478:
5447:
5443:
5408:
5404:
5369:
5365:
5320:
5313:
5282:
5275:
5230:
5223:
5216:
5198:Taste and Smell
5194:
5187:
5156:
5143:
5098:
5094:
5049:
5040:
4991:
4987:
4938:
4934:
4889:
4885:
4856:
4834:
4830:
4785:
4774:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4745:
4741:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4711:
4707:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4677:
4673:
4642:
4633:
4602:
4595:
4563:
4559:
4528:
4524:
4493:
4482:
4437:
4406:
4361:
4340:
4295:
4276:
4236:
4191:
4187:
4170:
3933:
3929:
3926:
3900:
3896:
3893:
3860:Pseudoephedrine
3827:Propylhexedrine
3681:-Phenylalaninol
3678:
3674:
3671:
3648:-Phenylalaninol
3645:
3641:
3638:
3502:Phendimetrazine
3425:
3421:
3418:
3391:
3387:
3384:
3295:Norfenfluramine
3244:
3240:
3237:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3054:
3050:
3047:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2955:
2951:
2948:
2916:Methamphetamine
2844:''trans''-MDMAR
2840:
2837:
2810:
2807:
2747:
2744:
2718:
2715:
2659:
2656:
2629:
2626:
2575:
2572:
2545:
2542:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1432:
1429:
1402:
1399:
1348:
1345:
1318:
1315:
977:
967:
957:
942:
934:
928:
917:MAO-B inhibitor
896:methylphenidate
884:methamphetamine
861:
848:
797:methamphetamine
791:. As examples,
781:
765:bronchodilators
745:sympathomimetic
675:psychostimulant
660:antidepressants
642:and increasing
609:
557:methamphetamine
511:psychostimulant
507:methylphenidate
456:
417:protein kinases
381:methamphetamine
337:MRAs cause the
335:
329:
288:(an NDRA), and
271:
269:Endogenous MRAs
198:
124:
113:
107:
104:
61:
59:
49:
37:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
10613:
10603:
10602:
10597:
10595:TAAR1 agonists
10592:
10575:
10574:
10547:
10536:
10535:
10532:
10531:
10528:
10527:
10525:
10524:
10518:
10516:
10512:
10511:
10509:
10508:
10504:
10502:
10498:
10497:
10495:
10494:
10492:Trimethylamine
10489:
10476:
10474:
10467:
10461:
10460:
10457:
10456:
10454:
10453:
10449:
10447:
10443:
10442:
10439:
10437:
10430:
10424:
10423:
10420:
10419:
10417:
10416:
10410:
10408:
10402:
10401:
10399:
10398:
10392:
10390:
10384:
10383:
10380:
10379:
10377:
10376:
10371:
10366:
10361:
10356:
10351:
10346:
10338:
10333:
10328:
10323:
10318:
10313:
10308:
10303:
10298:
10293:
10288:
10283:
10278:
10273:
10268:
10263:
10258:
10253:
10241:
10236:
10231:
10225:
10223:
10219:
10218:
10216:
10215:
10214:
10213:
10205:
10197:
10192:
10187:
10182:
10180:Phenethylamine
10177:
10169:
10161:
10153:
10145:
10140:
10130:
10129:
10128:
10123:
10118:
10113:
10108:
10096:
10094:
10085:
10076:
10070:
10069:
10059:
10058:
10051:
10044:
10036:
10027:
10026:
9990:
9987:
9986:
9984:
9983:
9978:
9973:
9968:
9963:
9958:
9949:
9948:
9936:
9924:
9922:
9918:
9917:
9914:
9913:
9911:
9910:
9905:
9896:
9893:
9892:
9890:
9889:
9884:
9879:
9874:
9869:
9864:
9859:
9854:
9849:
9844:
9835:
9832:
9831:
9829:
9828:
9823:
9818:
9813:
9808:
9803:
9798:
9793:
9788:
9783:
9778:
9773:
9768:
9763:
9754:
9751:
9750:
9748:
9747:
9742:
9737:
9732:
9727:
9722:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9702:
9697:
9692:
9687:
9682:
9677:
9672:
9667:
9662:
9657:
9652:
9647:
9642:
9637:
9632:
9627:
9622:
9617:
9612:
9607:
9602:
9597:
9592:
9587:
9582:
9577:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9542:
9540:Metamfepramone
9537:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9507:
9502:
9497:
9492:
9487:
9482:
9477:
9472:
9467:
9462:
9457:
9452:
9447:
9438:
9435:
9434:
9432:
9431:
9426:
9421:
9416:
9407:
9404:
9403:
9401:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9376:
9373:
9372:
9370:
9369:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9344:
9339:
9330:
9324:
9313:
9312:
9309:
9308:
9306:
9305:
9303:Tuaminoheptane
9300:
9290:
9285:
9280:
9275:
9270:
9265:
9260:
9255:
9250:
9245:
9240:
9235:
9233:Cyclopentamine
9230:
9225:
9220:
9215:
9210:
9205:
9200:
9191:
9188:
9187:
9185:
9184:
9179:
9174:
9169:
9164:
9159:
9154:
9149:
9140:
9137:
9136:
9134:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9113:
9100:
9095:
9090:
9085:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9055:Phenethylamine
9052:
9047:
9039:
9031:
9026:
9021:
9016:
9011:
9006:
9001:
9000:
8999:
8994:
8984:
8979:
8974:
8969:
8964:
8959:
8954:
8952:Metamfepramone
8949:
8944:
8939:
8934:
8929:
8924:
8919:
8914:
8908:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8888:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8866:Etilamfetamine
8863:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8838:
8833:
8828:
8823:
8818:
8813:
8808:
8803:
8798:
8793:
8788:
8783:
8778:
8773:
8772:
8771:
8766:
8756:
8751:
8746:
8741:
8736:
8731:
8726:
8721:
8716:
8711:
8702:
8699:
8698:
8696:
8695:
8690:
8685:
8680:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8651:
8648:
8647:
8645:
8644:
8639:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8619:
8614:
8605:
8599:
8588:
8587:
8584:
8583:
8581:
8580:
8579:
8578:
8568:
8563:
8558:
8553:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8518:
8513:
8508:
8503:
8501:Cyclopentamine
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8454:
8451:
8450:
8448:
8447:
8442:
8437:
8432:
8427:
8422:
8413:
8410:
8409:
8407:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8359:Phenethylamine
8356:
8351:
8343:
8335:
8327:
8322:
8317:
8312:
8307:
8302:
8297:
8292:
8287:
8282:
8277:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8256:
8255:
8250:
8240:
8238:Metamfepramone
8235:
8230:
8225:
8220:
8215:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8195:
8190:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8168:Etilamfetamine
8165:
8160:
8155:
8150:
8145:
8140:
8135:
8130:
8125:
8120:
8115:
8110:
8105:
8100:
8095:
8090:
8085:
8080:
8075:
8070:
8064:
8055:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8035:
8030:
8025:
8020:
8015:
8010:
8001:
7998:
7997:
7995:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7950:
7947:
7946:
7944:
7943:
7938:
7933:
7928:
7923:
7918:
7913:
7904:
7898:
7887:
7886:
7879:
7878:
7871:
7864:
7856:
7850:
7849:
7835:
7834:External links
7832:
7831:
7830:
7783:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7732:
7691:
7639:
7595:
7539:
7512:(4): 825â836.
7496:
7458:
7399:
7349:
7322:(1): 138â145.
7288:
7267:(3): 550â560.
7244:
7215:(4): 552â562.
7190:
7152:
7098:
7069:(7): 555â564.
7042:
7013:(1): 251â262.
6974:
6920:
6893:(2): 848â854.
6870:
6810:
6759:
6730:(5): 512â536.
6710:
6675:
6646:Prog Brain Res
6636:
6600:
6567:(2): 123â142.
6561:Mol Psychiatry
6547:
6522:J Atten Disord
6509:
6454:
6431:(2): 142â158.
6403:
6368:Prog Neurobiol
6350:
6343:
6314:
6285:(3): 274â284.
6254:
6205:
6178:(3): 229â246.
6162:
6119:
6098:(4): 420â424.
6078:
6034:
5998:
5969:(1): 177â192.
5949:
5913:
5884:(5): 501â504.
5868:
5851:
5844:
5824:
5773:
5722:
5680:
5653:(3): 421â427.
5630:
5581:
5542:(10): e25790.
5519:
5476:
5457:(1): 134â144.
5441:
5402:
5363:
5334:(2): 201â207.
5311:
5292:(3): 948â956.
5273:
5244:(2): 229â238.
5221:
5214:
5185:
5141:
5112:(6): 479â496.
5092:
5038:
4985:
4932:
4903:(1): 316â325.
4883:
4854:
4828:
4799:(2): 164â176.
4772:
4759:
4739:
4725:
4705:
4691:
4671:
4631:
4612:(1â3): 23â40.
4593:
4557:
4522:
4480:
4404:
4338:
4274:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:Phenethylamine
4149:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:Arylpiperazine
4075:
4072:
4069:
4064:
4061:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4051:Arylpiperazine
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3856:
3855:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3812:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3786:Arylpiperazine
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3762:Arylpiperazine
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3731:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3712:
3711:
3706:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3604:Phenylalaninol
3600:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:Phenethylamine
3546:
3543:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3528:Phenethylamine
3524:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3490:
3487:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:Arylpiperazine
3466:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3287:Phenethylamine
3285:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3271:Norepinephrine
3267:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3099:-Methcathinone
3086:
3085:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3057:-Methcathinone
3044:
3043:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2892:Methamnetamine
2888:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2665:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:Arylpiperazine
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2366:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2317:
2316:Phenethylamine
2314:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2193:(racephedrine)
2187:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:Phenethylamine
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2109:Arylpiperazine
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1990:
1989:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1896:Arylpiperazine
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:Phenethylamine
1845:
1840:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1245:Phenethylamine
1243:
1238:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:Phenethylamine
1038:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1013:Phenethylamine
1010:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
990:
989:
986:
983:
980:
970:
960:
950:
940:
927:
924:
860:
857:
846:
780:
777:
753:blood pressure
628:hallucinogenic
608:
605:
565:phenethylamine
454:
441:synaptic cleft
373:phenethylamine
359:, such as the
355:primarily via
331:Main article:
328:
325:
297:phenethylamine
286:norepinephrine
270:
267:
255:
254:
253:
252:
246:
240:
234:
225:
224:
223:
217:
211:
197:
194:
178:concentrations
126:
125:
40:
38:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10612:
10601:
10598:
10596:
10593:
10591:
10588:
10587:
10585:
10571:
10570:
10567:
10562:
10556:
10552:
10546:
10541:
10533:
10523:
10520:
10519:
10517:
10513:
10506:
10505:
10503:
10499:
10493:
10490:
10488:
10486:
10482:
10478:
10477:
10475:
10471:
10468:
10466:
10462:
10451:
10450:
10448:
10444:
10438:
10434:
10431:
10429:
10425:
10415:
10412:
10411:
10409:
10407:
10403:
10397:
10394:
10393:
10391:
10389:
10385:
10375:
10372:
10370:
10367:
10365:
10362:
10360:
10357:
10355:
10352:
10350:
10347:
10345:
10343:
10339:
10337:
10334:
10332:
10329:
10327:
10324:
10322:
10319:
10317:
10314:
10312:
10309:
10307:
10304:
10302:
10299:
10297:
10294:
10292:
10289:
10287:
10284:
10282:
10279:
10277:
10274:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10264:
10262:
10259:
10257:
10254:
10252:
10250:
10246:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10230:
10227:
10226:
10224:
10220:
10212:
10210:
10206:
10204:
10202:
10198:
10196:
10193:
10191:
10188:
10186:
10183:
10181:
10178:
10176:
10174:
10170:
10168:
10166:
10162:
10160:
10158:
10154:
10152:
10150:
10146:
10144:
10141:
10139:
10136:
10135:
10134:
10131:
10127:
10124:
10122:
10119:
10117:
10114:
10112:
10109:
10107:
10104:
10103:
10102:
10098:
10097:
10095:
10093:
10089:
10086:
10084:
10080:
10077:
10075:
10071:
10067:
10064:
10057:
10052:
10050:
10045:
10043:
10038:
10037:
10034:
10023:
10022:
10018:
10014:
10013:Serotonergics
10010:
10009:Dopaminergics
10006:
10002:
9998:
9995:
9988:
9982:
9979:
9977:
9974:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9957:
9954:
9951:
9950:
9947:
9944:
9940:
9937:
9935:
9932:
9931:Agonist-like:
9929:
9926:
9925:
9923:
9919:
9909:
9906:
9904:
9901:
9898:
9897:
9894:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9863:
9860:
9858:
9855:
9853:
9850:
9848:
9845:
9843:
9840:
9837:
9836:
9833:
9827:
9824:
9822:
9819:
9817:
9814:
9812:
9809:
9807:
9804:
9802:
9799:
9797:
9794:
9792:
9789:
9787:
9784:
9782:
9779:
9777:
9774:
9772:
9769:
9767:
9764:
9762:
9759:
9756:
9755:
9752:
9746:
9743:
9741:
9738:
9736:
9733:
9731:
9728:
9726:
9723:
9721:
9718:
9716:
9713:
9711:
9708:
9706:
9703:
9701:
9698:
9696:
9693:
9691:
9688:
9686:
9683:
9681:
9678:
9676:
9673:
9671:
9668:
9666:
9663:
9661:
9658:
9656:
9653:
9651:
9648:
9646:
9643:
9641:
9638:
9636:
9633:
9631:
9628:
9626:
9623:
9621:
9618:
9616:
9613:
9611:
9608:
9606:
9603:
9601:
9598:
9596:
9593:
9591:
9588:
9586:
9583:
9581:
9578:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9558:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9523:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9511:
9508:
9506:
9503:
9501:
9498:
9496:
9493:
9491:
9488:
9486:
9483:
9481:
9478:
9476:
9473:
9471:
9468:
9466:
9463:
9461:
9458:
9456:
9453:
9451:
9448:
9446:
9443:
9440:
9439:
9436:
9430:
9427:
9425:
9422:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9409:
9408:
9405:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9378:
9377:
9374:
9368:
9365:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9338:
9335:
9334:Aminoindanes:
9332:
9331:
9328:
9325:
9320:
9314:
9304:
9301:
9298:
9294:
9291:
9289:
9286:
9284:
9281:
9279:
9276:
9274:
9273:Isometheptene
9271:
9269:
9266:
9264:
9263:Hexacyclonate
9261:
9259:
9256:
9254:
9251:
9249:
9246:
9244:
9241:
9239:
9236:
9234:
9231:
9229:
9226:
9224:
9221:
9219:
9216:
9214:
9211:
9209:
9206:
9204:
9201:
9199:
9196:
9193:
9192:
9189:
9183:
9180:
9178:
9175:
9173:
9170:
9168:
9165:
9163:
9160:
9158:
9155:
9153:
9150:
9148:
9145:
9142:
9141:
9138:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9126:Xylopropamine
9124:
9122:
9119:
9117:
9114:
9111:
9104:
9101:
9099:
9096:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9082:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9044:
9040:
9038:
9036:
9032:
9030:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9020:
9017:
9015:
9012:
9010:
9007:
9005:
9004:Methcathinone
9002:
8998:
8995:
8993:
8990:
8989:
8988:
8985:
8983:
8982:Mephentermine
8980:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8968:
8965:
8963:
8960:
8958:
8955:
8953:
8950:
8948:
8945:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8928:
8925:
8923:
8920:
8918:
8915:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8827:
8824:
8822:
8819:
8817:
8814:
8812:
8809:
8807:
8804:
8802:
8799:
8797:
8794:
8792:
8791:Benzphetamine
8789:
8787:
8784:
8782:
8779:
8777:
8774:
8770:
8767:
8765:
8762:
8761:
8760:
8757:
8755:
8752:
8750:
8747:
8745:
8742:
8740:
8737:
8735:
8732:
8730:
8727:
8725:
8722:
8720:
8717:
8715:
8712:
8710:
8707:
8704:
8703:
8700:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8686:
8684:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8653:
8652:
8649:
8643:
8640:
8638:
8637:Phenmetrazine
8635:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
8615:
8613:
8610:
8607:
8606:
8603:
8600:
8595:
8589:
8577:
8574:
8573:
8572:
8569:
8567:
8564:
8562:
8559:
8557:
8554:
8552:
8549:
8547:
8544:
8542:
8541:Isometheptene
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8531:Hexacyclonate
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8517:
8514:
8512:
8509:
8507:
8504:
8502:
8499:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8456:
8455:
8452:
8446:
8443:
8441:
8438:
8436:
8433:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8415:
8414:
8411:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8399:Xylopropamine
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8348:
8344:
8342:
8340:
8336:
8334:
8332:
8328:
8326:
8323:
8321:
8318:
8316:
8313:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8301:
8298:
8296:
8293:
8291:
8288:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8278:
8276:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8260:Methcathinone
8258:
8254:
8251:
8249:
8246:
8245:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8214:
8211:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8199:
8196:
8194:
8191:
8189:
8186:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8171:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8149:
8146:
8144:
8141:
8139:
8136:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8124:
8121:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8109:
8106:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8093:Benzphetamine
8091:
8089:
8086:
8084:
8081:
8079:
8076:
8074:
8071:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8059:
8056:
8054:
8051:
8049:
8046:
8044:
8041:
8039:
8036:
8034:
8031:
8029:
8026:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8003:
8002:
7999:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7952:
7951:
7948:
7942:
7939:
7937:
7936:Phenmetrazine
7934:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7912:
7909:
7906:
7905:
7902:
7899:
7894:
7888:
7884:
7877:
7872:
7870:
7865:
7863:
7858:
7857:
7854:
7847:
7842:
7838:
7837:
7827:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7809:
7805:
7801:
7797:
7793:
7789:
7784:
7780:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7762:
7758:
7754:
7750:
7746:
7741:
7740:
7728:
7724:
7720:
7716:
7712:
7708:
7700:
7698:
7696:
7687:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7669:
7665:
7661:
7657:
7653:
7646:
7644:
7635:
7631:
7627:
7623:
7619:
7615:
7611:
7607:
7599:
7591:
7587:
7582:
7577:
7573:
7569:
7565:
7561:
7557:
7550:
7548:
7546:
7544:
7535:
7531:
7527:
7523:
7519:
7515:
7511:
7507:
7500:
7492:
7488:
7484:
7480:
7476:
7472:
7465:
7463:
7454:
7450:
7446:
7442:
7438:
7434:
7430:
7426:
7418:
7416:
7414:
7412:
7410:
7408:
7406:
7404:
7395:
7391:
7387:
7383:
7379:
7375:
7371:
7367:
7360:
7358:
7356:
7354:
7345:
7341:
7337:
7333:
7329:
7325:
7321:
7317:
7309:
7307:
7305:
7303:
7301:
7299:
7297:
7295:
7293:
7284:
7280:
7275:
7270:
7266:
7262:
7258:
7251:
7249:
7240:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7222:
7218:
7214:
7210:
7206:
7199:
7197:
7195:
7186:
7182:
7178:
7174:
7170:
7166:
7159:
7157:
7148:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7130:
7126:
7122:
7118:
7114:
7107:
7105:
7103:
7094:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7076:
7072:
7068:
7064:
7060:
7053:
7051:
7049:
7047:
7038:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7020:
7016:
7012:
7008:
7004:
6997:
6995:
6993:
6991:
6989:
6987:
6985:
6983:
6981:
6979:
6970:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6952:
6948:
6944:
6940:
6936:
6929:
6927:
6925:
6916:
6912:
6908:
6904:
6900:
6896:
6892:
6888:
6881:
6879:
6877:
6875:
6866:
6862:
6858:
6854:
6850:
6846:
6839:
6837:
6835:
6833:
6831:
6829:
6827:
6825:
6823:
6821:
6819:
6817:
6815:
6806:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6770:
6763:
6755:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6737:
6733:
6729:
6725:
6721:
6714:
6706:
6702:
6698:
6694:
6690:
6686:
6679:
6672:
6667:
6663:
6659:
6655:
6651:
6647:
6640:
6632:
6628:
6624:
6620:
6616:
6612:
6604:
6597:
6592:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6574:
6570:
6566:
6562:
6558:
6551:
6543:
6539:
6535:
6531:
6527:
6523:
6516:
6514:
6506:
6501:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6473:
6469:
6465:
6458:
6451:
6446:
6442:
6438:
6434:
6430:
6426:
6419:
6412:
6410:
6408:
6399:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6381:
6377:
6373:
6369:
6361:
6359:
6357:
6355:
6346:
6340:
6336:
6332:
6328:
6321:
6319:
6310:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6292:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6269:
6267:
6265:
6263:
6261:
6259:
6250:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6232:
6228:
6224:
6220:
6216:
6209:
6201:
6197:
6193:
6189:
6185:
6181:
6177:
6173:
6166:
6158:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6138:
6134:
6130:
6123:
6115:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6097:
6093:
6089:
6082:
6074:
6070:
6066:
6062:
6058:
6054:
6050:
6046:
6038:
6030:
6026:
6022:
6018:
6014:
6010:
6002:
5994:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5968:
5964:
5960:
5953:
5945:
5941:
5937:
5933:
5929:
5925:
5917:
5909:
5905:
5901:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5872:
5864:
5863:
5855:
5847:
5841:
5837:
5836:
5828:
5820:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5793:(17): 13334.
5792:
5788:
5784:
5777:
5769:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5741:
5737:
5733:
5726:
5718:
5714:
5710:
5706:
5702:
5698:
5691:
5689:
5687:
5685:
5676:
5672:
5668:
5664:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5641:
5639:
5637:
5635:
5626:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5585:
5577:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5537:
5533:
5526:
5524:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5503:
5499:
5495:
5491:
5487:
5480:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5445:
5438:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5406:
5399:
5394:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5378:
5374:
5367:
5359:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5318:
5316:
5307:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5280:
5278:
5269:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5251:
5247:
5243:
5239:
5235:
5228:
5226:
5217:
5211:
5207:
5203:
5199:
5192:
5190:
5181:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5154:
5152:
5150:
5148:
5146:
5137:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5096:
5088:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5070:
5066:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5047:
5045:
5043:
5035:
5030:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4989:
4982:
4977:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4951:
4947:
4943:
4936:
4928:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4887:
4880:
4875:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4857:
4851:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4832:
4824:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4790:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4762:
4756:
4752:
4751:
4743:
4728:
4722:
4718:
4717:
4709:
4694:
4688:
4684:
4683:
4675:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4640:
4638:
4636:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4600:
4598:
4589:
4585:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4561:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4533:
4526:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4497:Life Sciences
4491:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4476:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4400:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4334:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4270:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4234:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4194:
4189:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4160:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3892:
3891:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3813:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3732:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3707:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3682:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3637:
3636:
3630:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3556:Phenmetrazine
3554:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3395:
3383:
3382:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3247:-Norephedrine
3236:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3214:-Norephedrine
3203:
3202:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3088:
3087:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3058:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3016:
3015:Methcathinone
3013:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2947:
2946:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2814:''cis''-MDMAR
2806:
2805:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2447:-Fenfluramine
2436:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2414:-Fenfluramine
2403:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2367:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2259:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2225:
2224:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2034:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2004:
1992:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1841:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1793:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1748:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
991:
987:
984:
981:
976:
966:
956:
948:
947:
943:
933:
923:
921:
918:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
874:
873:monoaminergic
870:
866:
859:Neurotoxicity
856:
854:
850:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
820:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
747:effects like
746:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
687:infusion rate
684:
680:
676:
671:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
612:
604:
602:
598:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
559:, as well as
558:
554:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
525:(GBR-12909),
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
505:(ÎČ-CFT), and
504:
500:
496:
492:
490:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:knockout mice
466:
460:
458:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
389:cell membrane
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
351:
347:
344:
340:
334:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
295:
291:
287:
283:
280:
276:
266:
264:
260:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
235:
232:
229:
228:
226:
221:
218:
215:
212:
209:
206:
205:
203:
202:
201:
196:Types of MRAs
193:
191:
187:
183:
179:
176:
175:extracellular
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
149:), or simply
148:
144:
136:
132:
122:
119:
111:
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69: â
68:
64:
63:Find sources:
57:
53:
47:
46:
41:This article
39:
35:
30:
29:
24:
23:Release agent
19:
10565:
10564:
10560:
10544:
10484:
10480:
10369:Solriamfetol
10341:
10286:Isoprenaline
10261:Halostachine
10248:
10244:
10208:
10200:
10172:
10164:
10156:
10148:
10133:Trace amines
9993:
9992:
9976:Guanethidine
9952:
9942:
9930:
9927:
9903:Indeloxazine
9899:
9847:4-Methyl-αMT
9842:4-Methyl-αET
9839:Tryptamines:
9838:
9758:Piperazines:
9757:
9590:Fenfluramine
9490:6-Methyl-MDA
9480:5-Methyl-MDA
9445:2-Methyl-MDA
9441:
9410:
9379:
9333:
9248:Feprosidnine
9228:Clofenciclan
9194:
9144:Piperazines:
9143:
9131:Zylofuramine
9080:
9042:
9034:
8876:Fenethylline
8871:Famprofazone
8856:Ethcathinone
8776:Amphetaminil
8749:Amfepentorex
8705:
8654:
8617:Fenmetramide
8612:Fenbutrazate
8609:Morpholines:
8608:
8516:Feprosidnine
8496:Clofenciclan
8457:
8417:Piperazines:
8416:
8404:Zylofuramine
8346:
8338:
8330:
8178:Fenethylline
8173:Famprofazone
8153:Ethcathinone
8073:Amphetaminil
8048:Amfepentorex
8004:
7953:
7916:Fenmetramide
7911:Fenbutrazate
7908:Morpholines:
7907:
7882:
7799:
7795:
7752:
7748:
7713:(1): 51â57.
7710:
7706:
7659:
7655:
7609:
7605:
7598:
7563:
7559:
7509:
7505:
7499:
7477:(1): 73â88.
7474:
7470:
7428:
7424:
7369:
7365:
7319:
7315:
7264:
7260:
7212:
7208:
7168:
7164:
7120:
7116:
7066:
7062:
7010:
7006:
6942:
6938:
6890:
6886:
6848:
6844:
6776:
6772:
6762:
6727:
6723:
6713:
6691:(2): 71â81.
6688:
6684:
6678:
6669:
6649:
6645:
6639:
6617:(1): 91â98.
6614:
6610:
6603:
6594:
6564:
6560:
6550:
6525:
6521:
6503:
6471:
6468:Front Neurol
6467:
6457:
6448:
6428:
6424:
6389:10261/156486
6371:
6367:
6326:
6282:
6278:
6225:(1): E1-10.
6222:
6218:
6208:
6175:
6171:
6165:
6132:
6128:
6122:
6095:
6091:
6081:
6048:
6044:
6037:
6015:(1): 19â24.
6012:
6008:
6001:
5966:
5962:
5952:
5927:
5923:
5916:
5881:
5877:
5871:
5860:
5854:
5834:
5827:
5790:
5786:
5776:
5742:(15): 8543.
5739:
5735:
5725:
5700:
5696:
5650:
5646:
5598:
5594:
5584:
5539:
5535:
5489:
5485:
5479:
5454:
5450:
5444:
5435:
5415:
5411:
5405:
5396:
5379:(3): e2866.
5376:
5372:
5366:
5331:
5327:
5289:
5285:
5241:
5237:
5197:
5163:
5159:
5109:
5105:
5095:
5060:
5056:
5032:
5002:
4998:
4988:
4979:
4949:
4945:
4935:
4900:
4896:
4886:
4877:
4837:
4831:
4796:
4792:
4764:. Retrieved
4749:
4742:
4730:. Retrieved
4715:
4708:
4696:. Retrieved
4681:
4674:
4649:
4645:
4609:
4605:
4571:
4567:
4560:
4535:
4531:
4525:
4500:
4496:
4448:
4444:
4372:
4368:
4306:
4302:
4247:(1): 32â41.
4244:
4240:
4158:
3171:Norephedrine
2751:(''S'')-MDMA
2721:(''R'')-MDMA
2663:(''S'')-MDEA
2633:(''R'')-MDEA
2381:Fenfluramine
2327:Ethcathinone
1792:-Amphetamine
1759:-Amphetamine
1519:5-Fluoro-αMT
1495:5-Fluoro-αET
1469:5-Chloro-αMT
1170:
900:
862:
837:5-fluoro-αET
833:5-chloro-αMT
821:
805:fenfluramine
782:
715:
672:
638:, elevating
616:fenfluramine
613:
610:
599:(PPAP), and
595:-deprenyl),
561:trace amines
550:amphetamines
547:
493:
461:
407:by inducing
336:
294:trace amines
273:A number of
272:
256:
199:
186:trace amines
150:
146:
142:
140:
114:
108:January 2015
105:
95:
88:
81:
74:
62:
50:Please help
45:verification
42:
18:
10396:RTI-7470-44
10336:Phentermine
10229:Amphetamine
10175:-Octopamine
10167:-Octopamine
10005:Adrenergics
9971:Guanazodine
9956:Bethanidine
9801:Mepiprazole
9595:Flephedrone
9535:Amfepramone
9515:Brephedrone
9411:Oxazolines:
9243:Cyprodenate
9088:Prenylamine
9070:Phentermine
8886:Flephedrone
8881:Fenproporex
8826:Clortermine
8821:Clobenzorex
8759:Amphetamine
8754:Amfepramone
8693:Thozalinone
8673:Cyclazodone
8655:Oxazolines:
8511:Cyprodenate
8374:Prenylamine
8188:Flephedrone
8183:Fenproporex
8123:Clortermine
8118:Clobenzorex
8058:Amphetamine
8053:Amfepramone
7992:Thozalinone
7972:Cyclazodone
7954:Oxazolines:
6652:: 295â310.
6528:(1): 8â16.
6374:: 149â170.
5418:: 143â164.
5063:(1): 2â10.
4103:Amphetamine
3819:Amphetamine
3738:Amphetamine
3705:Amphetamine
3664:Amphetamine
3628:Amphetamine
3596:Amphetamine
3580:Phentermine
3311:Amphetamine
3163:Amphetamine
3007:Amphetamine
2974:Amphetamine
2938:Amphetamine
2908:Amphetamine
2767:Amphetamine
2737:Amphetamine
2707:Amphetamine
2683:Amphetamine
2649:Amphetamine
2619:Amphetamine
2595:Amphetamine
2579:(''S'')-MDA
2565:Amphetamine
2549:(''R'')-MDA
2535:Amphetamine
2487:Amphetamine
2463:Amphetamine
2430:Amphetamine
2397:Amphetamine
2373:Amphetamine
2294:Epinephrine
2238:(ephedrine)
2085:Amphetamine
1953:Amphetamine
1871:Amphetamine
1814:Amphetamine
1775:Amphetamine
1739:Amphetamine
1717:Amphetamine
1609:Amphetamine
1458:Amphetamine
1422:Amphetamine
1392:Amphetamine
1275:Amphetamine
1215:Amphetamine
1162:Amphetamine
1138:Amphetamine
1113:Amphetamine
908:(MDAI) and
880:amphetamine
793:amphetamine
779:Selectivity
664:anxiolytics
656:entactogens
648:sociability
553:amphetamine
531:benztropine
519:reinforcing
489:derivatives
383:, can also
377:amphetamine
367:(NET), and
350:presynaptic
307:(an NDRA).
299:(an NDRA),
284:(an NDRA),
135:Amphetamine
10584:Categories
10364:Selegiline
10266:Higenamine
10256:Guanfacine
10195:Tryptamine
10190:Synephrine
10099:Classical
10092:Endogenous
9946:SoRI-20041
9939:SoRI-20040
9887:Tryptamine
9670:Methedrone
9665:Mephedrone
9620:Lophophine
9610:Iofetamine
9600:Flucetorex
9500:Amiflamine
9429:Fluminorex
9424:Clominorex
9258:Heptaminol
9253:Gilutensin
9238:Cypenamine
9103:Selegiline
9060:Pholedrine
9029:Ortetamine
9009:Methedrone
8977:Mephedrone
8927:Lophophine
8896:Furfenorex
8801:Buphedrone
8744:Amfecloral
8739:Alfetamine
8683:Fluminorex
8678:Fenozolone
8668:Clominorex
8526:Heptaminol
8521:Gilutensin
8506:Cypenamine
8491:Amineptine
8364:Pholedrine
8354:Pholedrine
8325:Ortetamine
8265:Methedrone
8233:Mephedrone
8223:Lophophine
8198:Furfenorex
8128:D-Deprenyl
8098:Buphedrone
8043:Amfecloral
8038:Alfetamine
7982:Fluminorex
7977:Fenozolone
7967:Clominorex
5492:: 95â100.
4766:2024-08-18
4185:References
4127:Tryptamine
4111:Tryptamine
4095:>100000
4092:>100000
4027:Tryptamine
4003:Tryptamine
3506:>100000
2962:736â1291.7
2868:Mephedrone
2481:>100000
2270:-Ephedrine
2236:-Ephedrine
2183:Tryptamine
2175:>100000
2172:>100000
2169:>100000
2133:Tryptamine
2045:-Cathinone
2003:-Cathinone
1921:Tryptamine
1657:Tryptamine
1633:Tryptamine
1585:Tryptamine
1577:>100000
1574:>100000
1571:>100000
1559:Tryptamine
1535:Tryptamine
1511:Tryptamine
1486:Tryptamine
1032:>100000
1029:>100000
1026:>100000
1004:>100000
1001:>100000
998:>100000
930:See also:
920:selegiline
825:tryptamine
819:proteins.
742:peripheral
730:reboxetine
705:, and are
679:motivation
589:selegiline
569:tryptamine
523:vanoxerine
474:cathinones
301:tryptamine
275:endogenous
78:newspapers
10566:See also:
10359:RO5166017
10271:Hordenine
10211:-Tyramine
10203:-Tyramine
10126:Serotonin
10111:Histamine
9994:See also:
9966:Guanadrel
9961:Bretylium
9934:SoRI-9804
9908:Viqualine
9862:5-MeO-αMT
9857:5-MeO-αET
9675:Methylone
9388:8-OH-DPAT
9283:Octodrine
9268:Indanorex
9110:-Deprenyl
9014:Methylone
8972:Mefenorex
8901:Hordenine
8851:Ephedrine
8816:Cathinone
8556:Octodrine
8536:Indanorex
8315:Methylone
8228:Mefenorex
8203:Hordenine
8148:Ephedrine
8113:Cathinone
7123:: 68â75.
5908:1099-1077
5886:CiteSeerX
5601:: 13â21.
5166:: 19â40.
4732:18 August
4698:18 August
4574:: 72â80.
4071:>10000
4045:>10000
4042:>10000
4021:>10000
4018:>10000
4011:Serotonin
3997:>10000
3994:>10000
3965:>10000
3941:>10000
3907:>10000
3780:>10000
3777:>10000
3652:>10000
3512:>10000
3509:>10000
3432:>10000
3399:>10000
3396:(cathine)
3305:1900â1925
3275:>10000
3251:>10000
3218:>10000
3139:Cathinone
3133:117â133.0
3130:140â152.3
3127:234â242.1
3123:Methylone
3115:Cathinone
3079:Cathinone
3037:Cathinone
2965:12.3â13.8
2884:Cathinone
2872:118.3â122
2457:>10000
2454:>10000
2424:>10000
2391:>10000
2343:Cathinone
2274:>10000
2244:43.1â72.4
2241:>10000
2191:Ephedrine
2145:>10000
2127:>10000
2076:>10000
2061:Cathinone
2025:Cathinone
1983:Cathinone
1961:Cathinone
1915:>10000
1912:>10000
1905:Bufotenin
1700:15.1â26.4
1684:Cathinone
1675:>10000
1672:>10000
1669:>10000
1567:5-MeO-DMT
1543:5-MeO-αMT
1329:11.8â26.9
1326:17.7â18.5
1088:Cathinone
1064:Cathinone
914:selective
902:Analogues
809:ephedrine
789:selective
718:ephedrine
624:lethargic
620:dysphoric
535:bupropion
527:modafinil
503:WIN-35428
478:ephedrine
405:cytoplasm
403:into the
343:monoamine
309:Synthetic
290:serotonin
169:into the
165:from the
10473:Agonists
10436:Agonists
10106:Dopamine
10083:Agonists
9981:Guanoxan
9761:2C-B-BZP
9585:Etolorex
9580:Ethylone
9530:Cloforex
9520:Butylone
9419:Aminorex
9147:2C-B-BZP
9121:Tyramine
9116:Tiflorex
9050:Pentorex
9019:Morforex
8891:Fludorex
8861:Ethylone
8806:Butylone
8781:ÎČ-Me-PEA
8709:2-OH-PEA
8688:Pemoline
8663:Aminorex
8627:Morforex
8622:Morazone
8420:2C-B-BZP
8394:Tyramine
8389:Tiflorex
8320:Morforex
8193:Fludorex
8163:Ethylone
8103:Butylone
8078:ÎČ-Me-PEA
8008:2-OH-PEA
7987:Pemoline
7962:Aminorex
7926:Morforex
7921:Morazone
7826:23261499
7779:22169943
7727:12106802
7686:28889212
7634:19802702
7626:15761112
7590:22169943
7534:24296122
7526:11888573
7491:12163129
7445:12761331
7394:21164342
7386:12649307
7344:19015584
7336:12954796
7283:15496938
7239:23072836
7185:11131159
7147:26362361
7093:25331619
7037:22271821
6969:24841869
6915:12135483
6907:15677348
6865:17223101
6805:29204127
6754:32909493
6705:23605387
6666:26806782
6631:16014752
6591:18698321
6542:17606768
6500:25941511
6445:33560690
6398:26455459
6309:24796848
6249:17408232
6200:25717280
6192:20199121
6149:17004850
6114:16558668
6073:12410591
6065:11699608
6029:16144747
5993:23271193
5944:10428424
5819:37686140
5810:10487936
5768:35955676
5717:12834268
5675:37564231
5667:15093948
5625:32927246
5576:22043293
5536:PLOS ONE
5514:30776375
5471:26791601
5432:29633178
5393:36866677
5358:22079347
5306:18083911
5268:31974906
5180:24953830
5136:23539642
5087:23568856
5029:25548026
5005:: 1â19.
4976:22037049
4927:19364908
4874:35341572
4823:21073468
4666:17017961
4626:14612135
4588:30172789
4475:25548026
4451:: 1â19.
4399:25193229
4333:24800892
4269:15573624
4261:11071707
4168:See also
4135:Tyramine
3987:Psilocin
3953:Cathinol
3919:Cathinol
3883:Cathinol
3444:Cathinol
3411:Cathinol
3374:Cathinol
3263:Cathinol
3230:Cathinol
3194:Cathinol
2968:8.5â24.5
2860:Aminorex
2830:Aminorex
2797:Aminorex
2701:51.2â278
2698:54.1â110
2385:79.3â108
2337:>1000
2286:Cathinol
2253:Cathinol
2247:236â1350
2215:Cathinol
2141:Dopamine
1769:5.8â24.8
1763:698â1765
1709:Aminorex
1703:9.1â49.4
1693:Aminorex
1651:78.6â180
1386:12.9â173
1380:28â104.8
1368:Aminorex
1338:Aminorex
1332:8.6â10.9
1305:Aminorex
1190:Aminorex
1156:51.5â200
949:Compound
849:receptor
683:euphoria
636:pleasant
573:tyramine
515:euphoric
457:receptor
305:tyramine
282:dopamine
10066:ligands
9900:Others:
9766:3-MeOPP
9195:Others:
8811:Cathine
8458:Others:
8108:Cathine
7817:3582025
7788:Roth BL
7770:3306880
7677:5747253
7581:3306880
7230:3572453
7138:4681602
7084:5331736
7028:3364510
6960:4128571
6796:5698283
6779:: 236.
6745:8155739
6582:2670101
6491:4403511
6300:4067459
6240:2751297
6157:5178189
5984:3624068
5862:session
5759:9369307
5616:8247144
5567:3197159
5544:Bibcode
5494:Bibcode
5349:3288391
5259:7845786
5127:3666194
5078:3684841
5020:4297708
4967:3236098
4918:2700171
4865:9826737
4814:3005101
4552:9671094
4517:8649195
4466:4297708
4390:4211607
4324:4194234
4241:Synapse
3476:PAL-738
3462:296â542
3302:168â170
2878:49.1â51
2875:58â62.7
2695:49.6â72
2499:28â38.1
1889:175â600
1766:6.6â7.2
1697:193â414
1645:21.7â68
1383:13.3â79
1153:28.0â37
1150:730â939
876:neurons
831:(αET),
738:central
654:and as
541:(DAT) "
499:cocaine
385:diffuse
363:(DAT),
339:release
251:(SNDRA)
188:, many
180:of the
171:synapse
159:release
153:, is a
92:scholar
10507:
10452:
10440:
9921:Others
9821:pTFMPP
9710:4-TFMA
9650:MDMPEA
9485:6-APDB
9475:5-APDB
9105:(also
8957:MDMPEA
8911:5-APDI
8481:5-APDI
8300:MDMPEA
7824:
7814:
7777:
7767:
7725:
7684:
7674:
7632:
7624:
7588:
7578:
7532:
7524:
7489:
7453:839426
7451:
7443:
7392:
7384:
7342:
7334:
7281:
7237:
7227:
7183:
7145:
7135:
7091:
7081:
7035:
7025:
6967:
6957:
6913:
6905:
6863:
6803:
6793:
6752:
6742:
6703:
6664:
6629:
6589:
6579:
6540:
6498:
6488:
6474:: 75.
6443:
6396:
6341:
6307:
6297:
6247:
6237:
6198:
6190:
6155:
6147:
6112:
6105:155439
6102:
6071:
6063:
6027:
5991:
5981:
5942:
5906:
5888:
5842:
5817:
5807:
5766:
5756:
5715:
5673:
5665:
5623:
5613:
5574:
5564:
5512:
5469:
5430:
5391:
5356:
5346:
5304:
5266:
5256:
5212:
5178:
5134:
5124:
5085:
5075:
5027:
5017:
4974:
4964:
4925:
4915:
4872:
4862:
4852:
4821:
4811:
4757:
4723:
4689:
4664:
4624:
4586:
4550:
4515:
4473:
4463:
4397:
4387:
4331:
4321:
4267:
4259:
4159:Notes:
4035:TFMCPP
3930:
3927:
3897:
3894:
3811:(1013)
3675:
3672:
3642:
3639:
3422:
3419:
3388:
3385:
3241:
3238:
3208:
3205:
3093:
3090:
3051:
3048:
2985:
2982:
2952:
2949:
2841:
2838:
2811:
2808:
2748:
2745:
2719:
2716:
2660:
2657:
2630:
2627:
2576:
2573:
2546:
2543:
2441:
2438:
2408:
2405:
2264:
2261:
2230:
2227:
2039:
2036:
1997:
1994:
1786:
1783:
1753:
1750:
1648:79â112
1433:
1430:
1403:
1400:
1349:
1346:
1319:
1316:
944:, nM)
869:damage
835:, and
827:, (+)-
773:sports
755:, and
722:liking
711:misuse
644:energy
571:, and
533:, and
517:, and
484:, and
431:, and
379:, and
353:neuron
245:(SDRA)
239:(SNRA)
233:(NDRA)
94:
87:
80:
73:
65:
10551:TAAR1
10465:TAAR5
10428:TAAR2
10326:3-MMA
10074:TAAR1
9826:TFMPP
9796:MeOPP
9791:MDBZP
9690:MMDMA
9660:MDPEA
9640:MDHMA
9555:DFMDA
9495:AEMMA
9470:4-MTA
9460:4-FMA
9450:4-CAB
9398:MDMAT
9383:6-CAT
9357:MDMAI
9337:5-IAI
9223:5-IAI
9198:2-ADN
9172:MeOPP
9167:MDBZP
8967:MDPEA
8913:(IAP)
8734:4-MMA
8724:4-FMA
8714:4-CAB
8658:4-MAR
8486:5-IAI
8461:2-ADN
8440:MeOPP
8435:MDBZP
8310:MDPEA
8275:MMDMA
8033:4-MMA
8023:4-FMA
8013:4-CAB
7957:4-MAR
7630:S2CID
7530:S2CID
7449:S2CID
7390:S2CID
7340:S2CID
6911:S2CID
6505:(57).
6421:(PDF)
6196:S2CID
6153:S2CID
6069:S2CID
5671:S2CID
4265:S2CID
4089:16000
4059:TFMPP
3756:11000
3489:SNDRA
3465:SNDRA
3160:SNDRA
3136:SNDRA
2905:SNDRA
2881:SNDRA
2857:SNDRA
2827:SNDRA
2794:SNDRA
2775:MDMAR
2764:SNDRA
2734:SNDRA
2704:SNDRA
2646:SNDRA
2616:SNDRA
2592:SNDRA
2562:SNDRA
2532:SNDRA
2505:63000
2502:â„1400
1886:62â68
1883:â„6050
1865:2,300
1706:SNDRA
1654:SNDRA
1606:SNDRA
1603:164.0
1556:SNDRA
1532:SNDRA
1455:SNDRA
1389:SNDRA
1365:SNDRA
1335:SNDRA
1302:SNDRA
1212:SNDRA
1085:SNDRA
1061:SNDRA
985:Class
894:like
817:VMAT2
813:TAAR1
701:, to
666:than
563:like
413:TAAR1
222:(DRA)
216:(NRA)
210:(SRA)
161:of a
99:JSTOR
85:books
10555:TAAR
10344:-PIT
10239:DOET
9867:5-MT
9852:5-CT
9816:pFPP
9811:pCPP
9806:oMPP
9786:mCPP
9781:MBZP
9776:DCPP
9740:PMMA
9735:PMEA
9695:MMMA
9685:MMDA
9655:MDOH
9635:MDEA
9625:MBDB
9575:EDMA
9570:EBDB
9565:DMMA
9465:4-HA
9455:4-FA
9393:MDAT
9362:MMAI
9352:MDAI
9347:ETAI
9342:AMMI
9318:SRAs
9218:4-BP
9213:2-BP
9208:2-AT
9203:2-AI
9182:pFPP
9177:oMPP
9162:mCPP
9157:MBZP
8962:MDOH
8942:MDEA
8932:MBDB
8846:EBDB
8841:DMMA
8729:4-MA
8719:4-FA
8593:NRAs
8476:4-BP
8471:2-AT
8466:2-AI
8445:oMPP
8430:MBZP
8305:MDOH
8290:MDEA
8280:MBDB
8270:MMDA
8158:EBDB
8138:DMMA
8028:4-MA
8018:4-FA
7892:DRAs
7822:PMID
7775:PMID
7723:PMID
7682:PMID
7622:PMID
7586:PMID
7522:PMID
7487:PMID
7441:PMID
7382:PMID
7332:PMID
7279:PMID
7235:PMID
7181:PMID
7143:PMID
7089:PMID
7033:PMID
6965:PMID
6903:PMID
6861:PMID
6801:PMID
6750:PMID
6701:PMID
6662:PMID
6627:PMID
6587:PMID
6538:PMID
6496:PMID
6441:PMID
6394:PMID
6339:ISBN
6305:PMID
6245:PMID
6188:PMID
6145:PMID
6110:PMID
6061:PMID
6025:PMID
5989:PMID
5940:PMID
5904:ISSN
5840:ISBN
5815:PMID
5764:PMID
5713:PMID
5663:PMID
5621:PMID
5572:PMID
5510:PMID
5467:PMID
5428:PMID
5389:PMID
5354:PMID
5302:PMID
5264:PMID
5210:ISBN
5176:PMID
5132:PMID
5083:PMID
5025:PMID
4972:PMID
4923:PMID
4870:PMID
4850:ISBN
4819:PMID
4755:ISBN
4734:2024
4721:ISBN
4700:2024
4687:ISBN
4662:PMID
4622:PMID
4584:PMID
4548:PMID
4513:PMID
4471:PMID
4395:PMID
4329:PMID
4257:PMID
4148:NDRA
4142:40.6
4139:2775
4124:SDRA
4115:32.6
4015:44.4
3947:1988
3916:NDRA
3913:9125
3910:4092
3880:NDRA
3846:NDRA
3770:pNPP
3759:SNRA
3753:1500
3750:3200
3746:pMPP
3658:1355
3593:NDRA
3587:39.4
3584:3511
3569:NDRA
3563:50.4
3560:7765
3545:NDRA
3542:39.5
3459:39.1
3452:oMPP
3441:NDRA
3435:30.1
3408:NDRA
3405:68.3
3402:15.0
3371:NDRA
3338:NDRA
3308:SNRA
3284:NDRA
3257:1371
3227:NDRA
3221:42.1
3191:NDRA
3157:12.6
3154:11.1
3112:NDRA
3109:14.8
3106:13.1
3103:1772
3034:NDRA
2998:28.5
2995:4640
2971:NDRA
2935:NDRA
2854:36.2
2851:38.9
2848:73.4
2824:10.2
2821:14.8
2818:43.9
2731:3700
2691:MDMA
2610:2608
2603:MDEA
2495:mCPP
2484:SNRA
2478:3300
2471:MBDB
2427:SNRA
2418:51.7
2334:99.3
2331:2118
2313:NDRA
2280:2104
2250:NDRA
2211:NDRA
2154:NDRA
2151:86.9
2148:66.2
2124:4166
2106:SNRA
2103:1207
2093:DMPP
2079:2650
2073:30.9
2058:NDRA
2055:18.5
2052:12.4
2049:2366
1980:NDRA
1909:30.5
1892:NDRA
1868:NDRA
1772:NDRA
1736:NDRA
1630:SDRA
1621:23.2
1600:25.6
1597:19.9
1553:1500
1550:8900
1508:SDRA
1502:5334
1499:36.6
1482:SDRA
1476:3434
1419:SNRA
1416:1062
1362:24.4
1359:31.6
1356:59.9
1209:44.1
1206:22.2
1203:53.4
1186:NDRA
1177:53.2
1159:NDRA
1135:NDRA
1132:33.3
1129:18.3
1109:NDRA
1106:24.2
1103:16.1
1100:1937
1022:2C-I
994:2C-E
988:Ref
982:Type
954:5-HT
882:and
845:5-HT
815:and
801:MBDB
795:and
763:and
709:and
662:and
646:and
640:mood
622:and
555:and
447:and
319:and
261:and
155:drug
71:news
10234:DOB
9882:DMT
9877:αMT
9872:αET
9771:BZP
9745:TAP
9730:PMA
9725:pIA
9720:pCA
9715:pBA
9700:NAP
9680:MMA
9605:IAP
9560:DMA
9545:DCA
9510:BOH
9505:BDB
9367:TAI
9152:BZP
8836:DMA
8796:BOH
8786:BDB
8425:BZP
8133:DMA
8088:BOH
8083:BDB
7812:PMC
7804:doi
7800:700
7765:PMC
7757:doi
7715:doi
7711:447
7672:PMC
7664:doi
7660:234
7614:doi
7610:313
7576:PMC
7568:doi
7514:doi
7479:doi
7433:doi
7374:doi
7370:305
7324:doi
7320:307
7269:doi
7225:PMC
7217:doi
7173:doi
7133:PMC
7125:doi
7121:101
7079:PMC
7071:doi
7023:PMC
7015:doi
7011:341
6955:PMC
6947:doi
6895:doi
6891:313
6853:doi
6849:559
6791:PMC
6781:doi
6740:PMC
6732:doi
6693:doi
6654:doi
6650:223
6619:doi
6615:315
6577:PMC
6569:doi
6530:doi
6486:PMC
6476:doi
6433:doi
6384:hdl
6376:doi
6372:155
6331:doi
6295:PMC
6287:doi
6235:PMC
6227:doi
6180:doi
6137:doi
6100:PMC
6053:doi
6017:doi
5979:PMC
5971:doi
5967:227
5932:doi
5896:doi
5805:PMC
5795:doi
5754:PMC
5744:doi
5705:doi
5655:doi
5611:PMC
5603:doi
5562:PMC
5552:doi
5502:doi
5459:doi
5455:357
5420:doi
5416:252
5381:doi
5344:PMC
5336:doi
5332:101
5294:doi
5290:324
5254:PMC
5246:doi
5202:doi
5168:doi
5122:PMC
5114:doi
5073:PMC
5065:doi
5061:346
5015:PMC
5007:doi
5003:147
4962:PMC
4954:doi
4913:PMC
4905:doi
4901:330
4860:PMC
4842:doi
4809:PMC
4801:doi
4797:116
4654:doi
4614:doi
4610:479
4576:doi
4572:837
4540:doi
4536:349
4505:doi
4461:PMC
4453:doi
4449:147
4385:PMC
4377:doi
4319:PMC
4311:doi
4307:231
4249:doi
4145:119
4121:164
4118:716
4074:SRA
4063:121
4048:SRA
4024:SRA
4000:SRA
3991:561
3976:NRA
3968:514
3950:NRA
3944:224
3783:SRA
3730:225
3661:NRA
3655:106
3590:262
3566:131
3456:175
3438:294
3299:104
3281:869
3278:164
3260:NRA
3254:137
3224:302
3151:3.4
3076:NRA
3004:NRA
3001:416
2761:142
2758:136
2728:560
2725:340
2680:SRA
2667:465
2643:507
2640:651
2613:622
2583:100
2559:900
2556:290
2553:310
2529:190
2526:108
2523:160
2519:MDA
2508:SRA
2475:540
2460:SRA
2451:147
2421:302
2394:SRA
2388:739
2365:296
2340:NRA
2283:NRA
2277:218
2165:DPT
2130:SRA
2121:114
2117:DMT
2082:SRA
2022:NRA
1918:SRA
1862:540
1859:180
1855:BDB
1839:208
1811:NRA
1627:232
1624:640
1547:460
1526:126
1505:150
1410:177
1237:271
1183:1.7
1180:4.8
1171:cis
1126:218
1076:292
1052:211
871:to
459:).
341:of
147:MRA
54:by
10586::
10019:âą
10015:âą
10011:âą
10007:âą
10003:âą
9999:âą
9941:;
9083:IA
9045:CA
9037:BA
8349:IA
8341:CA
8333:BA
7820:.
7810:.
7798:.
7794:.
7773:.
7763:.
7753:37
7751:.
7747:.
7721:.
7709:.
7694:^
7680:.
7670:.
7658:.
7654:.
7642:^
7628:.
7620:.
7608:.
7584:.
7574:.
7564:37
7562:.
7558:.
7542:^
7528:.
7520:.
7510:71
7508:.
7485:.
7475:95
7473:.
7461:^
7447:.
7439:.
7429:63
7427:.
7402:^
7388:.
7380:.
7368:.
7352:^
7338:.
7330:.
7318:.
7291:^
7277:.
7265:30
7263:.
7259:.
7247:^
7233:.
7223:.
7213:38
7211:.
7207:.
7193:^
7179:.
7167:.
7155:^
7141:.
7131:.
7119:.
7115:.
7101:^
7087:.
7077:.
7065:.
7061:.
7045:^
7031:.
7021:.
7009:.
7005:.
6977:^
6963:.
6953:.
6941:.
6937:.
6923:^
6909:.
6901:.
6889:.
6873:^
6859:.
6847:.
6813:^
6799:.
6789:.
6775:.
6771:.
6748:.
6738:.
6728:35
6726:.
6722:.
6699:.
6687:.
6668:.
6660:.
6648:.
6625:.
6613:.
6593:.
6585:.
6575:.
6565:14
6563:.
6559:.
6536:.
6526:11
6524:.
6512:^
6502:.
6494:.
6484:.
6470:.
6466:.
6447:.
6439:.
6429:29
6427:.
6423:.
6406:^
6392:.
6382:.
6370:.
6353:^
6337:.
6317:^
6303:.
6293:.
6283:22
6281:.
6277:.
6257:^
6243:.
6233:.
6221:.
6217:.
6194:.
6186:.
6176:40
6174:.
6151:.
6143:.
6133:36
6131:.
6108:.
6096:36
6094:.
6090:.
6067:.
6059:.
6049:57
6047:.
6023:.
6013:82
6011:.
5987:.
5977:.
5965:.
5961:.
5938:.
5928:38
5926:.
5902:.
5894:.
5882:12
5880:.
5813:.
5803:.
5791:24
5789:.
5785:.
5762:.
5752:.
5740:23
5738:.
5734:.
5711:.
5701:28
5699:.
5683:^
5669:.
5661:.
5651:28
5649:.
5633:^
5619:.
5609:.
5599:56
5597:.
5593:.
5570:.
5560:.
5550:.
5538:.
5534:.
5522:^
5508:.
5500:.
5490:72
5488:.
5465:.
5453:.
5434:.
5426:.
5414:.
5395:.
5387:.
5377:38
5375:.
5352:.
5342:.
5330:.
5326:.
5314:^
5300:.
5288:.
5276:^
5262:.
5252:.
5242:40
5240:.
5236:.
5224:^
5208:.
5188:^
5174:.
5164:87
5162:.
5144:^
5130:.
5120:.
5110:27
5108:.
5104:.
5081:.
5071:.
5059:.
5055:.
5041:^
5031:.
5023:.
5013:.
5001:.
4997:.
4978:.
4970:.
4960:.
4950:19
4948:.
4944:.
4921:.
4911:.
4899:.
4895:.
4876:.
4868:.
4858:.
4848:.
4817:.
4807:.
4795:.
4791:.
4775:^
4660:.
4648:.
4634:^
4620:.
4608:.
4596:^
4582:.
4570:.
4546:.
4534:.
4511:.
4501:58
4499:.
4483:^
4469:.
4459:.
4447:.
4443:.
4407:^
4393:.
4383:.
4373:24
4371:.
4367:.
4341:^
4327:.
4317:.
4305:.
4301:.
4277:^
4263:.
4255:.
4245:39
4243:.
4192:^
4099:IA
4067:ND
4039:33
3972:RI
3887:ND
3876:ND
3871:ND
3866:ND
3853:ND
3842:ND
3837:ND
3832:ND
3815:ND
3809:RI
3804:ND
3799:ND
3774:43
3734:ND
3726:ND
3721:ND
3709:ND
3701:ND
3696:ND
3691:ND
3686:ND
3632:ND
3624:ND
3619:ND
3614:ND
3609:ND
3538:ND
3533:ND
3516:PD
3486:58
3483:65
3480:23
3378:ND
3367:ND
3362:ND
3357:ND
3345:ND
3334:ND
3329:ND
3324:ND
3198:ND
3187:ND
3182:ND
3177:ND
3083:ND
3072:ND
3067:ND
3062:ND
3041:ND
3030:ND
3025:ND
3020:ND
2942:ND
2931:ND
2926:ND
2921:ND
2902:10
2899:34
2896:13
2801:ND
2790:ND
2785:ND
2780:ND
2755:74
2676:RI
2671:RI
2637:52
2607:47
2589:98
2586:50
2369:ND
2361:ND
2356:ND
2320:ND
2309:ND
2304:ND
2299:ND
2220:ND
2207:ND
2202:ND
2197:ND
2179:IA
2100:56
2097:26
2029:ND
2018:ND
2013:ND
2008:ND
1987:ND
1976:ND
1971:ND
1966:ND
1949:ND
1944:IA
1939:ND
1934:ND
1843:ND
1835:ND
1830:ND
1818:ND
1807:ND
1802:ND
1797:ND
1743:ND
1732:ND
1727:ND
1722:ND
1679:PD
1581:IA
1529:32
1523:19
1479:54
1473:16
1462:ND
1451:ND
1446:ND
1441:ND
1413:81
1309:ND
1298:ND
1293:ND
1288:ND
1271:ND
1266:ND
1261:ND
1257:21
1241:ND
1233:ND
1228:ND
1082:70
1079:27
1058:26
1055:19
1036:IA
1008:IA
974:DA
964:NE
941:50
939:EC
855:.
847:2A
775:.
751:,
713:.
567:,
529:,
513:,
501:,
480:,
476:,
427:,
375:,
323:.
141:A
10485:N
10483:,
10481:N
10342:o
10249:N
10247:,
10245:N
10209:p
10201:m
10173:p
10165:m
10157:N
10149:N
10055:e
10048:t
10041:v
9299:)
9295:(
9112:)
9108:D
9081:p
9043:p
9035:p
8347:p
8339:p
8331:p
8069:)
8060:(
7875:e
7868:t
7861:v
7828:.
7806::
7781:.
7759::
7729:.
7717::
7688:.
7666::
7636:.
7616::
7592:.
7570::
7536:.
7516::
7493:.
7481::
7455:.
7435::
7396:.
7376::
7346:.
7326::
7285:.
7271::
7241:.
7219::
7187:.
7175::
7169:8
7149:.
7127::
7095:.
7073::
7067:7
7039:.
7017::
6971:.
6949::
6943:6
6917:.
6897::
6867:.
6855::
6807:.
6783::
6777:8
6756:.
6734::
6707:.
6695::
6689:5
6656::
6633:.
6621::
6571::
6544:.
6532::
6478::
6472:6
6435::
6400:.
6386::
6378::
6347:.
6333::
6311:.
6289::
6251:.
6229::
6223:9
6202:.
6182::
6159:.
6139::
6116:.
6075:.
6055::
6031:.
6019::
5995:.
5973::
5946:.
5934::
5910:.
5898::
5848:.
5821:.
5797::
5770:.
5746::
5719:.
5707::
5677:.
5657::
5627:.
5605::
5578:.
5554::
5546::
5540:6
5516:.
5504::
5496::
5473:.
5461::
5422::
5383::
5360:.
5338::
5308:.
5296::
5270:.
5248::
5218:.
5204::
5182:.
5170::
5138:.
5116::
5089:.
5067::
5009::
4956::
4929:.
4907::
4844::
4825:.
4803::
4769:.
4736:.
4702:.
4668:.
4656::
4650:6
4628:.
4616::
4590:.
4578::
4554:.
4542::
4519:.
4507::
4477:.
4455::
4401:.
4379::
4335:.
4313::
4271:.
4251::
3934:L
3901:D
3679:L
3646:D
3426:L
3392:D
3245:L
3212:D
3097:L
3055:D
2989:L
2956:D
2445:L
2412:D
2268:L
2234:D
2043:L
2001:D
1790:L
1757:D
593:L
591:(
455:1
453:Ï
145:(
121:)
115:(
110:)
106:(
96:·
89:·
82:·
75:·
48:.
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
