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Music of Lebanon

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Berlin and were then marketed and sold in Beirut. With the help of European engineers, the label began recording in Lebanon in 1907. By the mid-20s Baidaphon had offices across the Arab world, becoming a Middle Eastern record company. Mail-order businesses, located in Berlin, sold items to European markets and reached North and South American markets as well. In the early 1930s, the partners split apart after the death of Butrus Baida. The Egyptian singer and composer
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is an independent record label, established in 2001, by Carol Mansour and Ghazi Abdel Baki. It is based in Lebanon and specializes in World Music. Their goal is to gather young artists from The Middle East in hopes of finding new and creative musical dialects by combining the rich musical past of the
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is a Lebanese record company, established by the Baida family in the 20th century. It was founded in Berlin, where Michel Baida alongside his two cousins Butrus, Jibran, and Farajallah, a Lebanese recording artist, had sealed a business deal with a German company. Baidaphon recordings were made in
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is debated but boils down to Turkish & Persian. The buzuq, which is an essential instrument in the Rahbani repertoire, is a hybrid instrument that is not classified among the classical instruments of Arab music or among those of Turkish music. However, this instrument may be looked upon as a
552:. It consists of a round frame, covered on one side with goat or fish skin. Pairs of metal discs are set into the frame to produce the jingle when struck by the hand. The sounds of this percussion instrument sets the rhythm of a lot of Arab music, particularly in classical performances. 535:
of goat or fish skin stretched over a vase-shaped drum with a wide neck. Usually made of earthenware or metal, it is placed either under the left arm or between the legs and struck in the middle for the strong beats and on the edge for the sharp in-between beats.
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is a small hand-drum, also known as the durbakke. Most tablahs are beautifully decorated, some with wood, tile or bone inlay, etched metal, or paintings in designs typical of the Near East. One of the most commonly played percussion instrument, the tablah is a
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magazine states: "Tickets were sold out but more teenagers stormed in to see the young Angel perform...To accommodate the crowd, the concert organizers had to stamp on each fan's hand as they ran out of tickets. It was...Her first success".
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were also extremely popular. In 1978, Rolling Stones booked a concert in Lebanon which was sold out in five hours. The concert was canceled, causing many Lebanese rock fans to burn tires on roads, blocking it of anger.
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became the new partner and helped transform the Egyptian branch of the company, by naming it “Cairophone Records” in the 1940s. Meanwhile, Baidaphon had expanded its influence in the Levant and North African regions.
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popularized the use of this instrument, the buzaq had been associated with the gypsy music of Lebanon. A long-necked fretted string instrument, the buzuq is furnished with two metal strings which are played with a
1787: 385:: "It is incredible that amidst the state of civil war that existed in Lebanon at that time, when most people had no idea if they would see another day, she managed to keep her ambitions alive". 1797: 369:, Lydia Canaan's initial performances under the stage name Angel were historically unprecedented on more than one front; her career began with her risking her life to perform amidst enemy 518:, which literally means "double njjayrah]] is similar to the mijwiz, an open ended reed flute played in the same style. It is very popular among mountain villagers of Lebanon. 381:
magazine: "As...A girl who grew up in the midst of a bloody civil war...Canaan was breaking down seemingly insurmountable barriers...She rocked the establishment". As noted by
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magazine attests: "In a small country that was ripped by war, there was this young girl making a difference". Concerning Canaan's first concert as Angel,
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Badley, Bill and Zein al Jundi. "Europe Meets Asia". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.),
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The underground music scene became vibrant in Lebanon after the end of the civil war in 1990, spearheaded by the rock-pop duo
1049: 715:"A Beautiful Life; Or, How a Local Girl Ended Up With a Recording Contract in the UK and Who Has Ambitions in the U.S." 571:, to which it could be compared in the same way that the viola is compared to the violin in Western music. Before the 1711: 1260: 1756: 428:, to widespread critical acclaim. The band has performed as the opening act for high-profile artists including 1042: 905: 72:, who—in addition to being an engaged singer-songwriter and music composer—was also a popular playwright. 1454: 1079: 714: 1546: 162:, held in late June, brings the whole country out for organized and spontaneous underground concerts. 1856: 1187: 1084: 294: 1751: 1656: 1478: 700: 681: 604:-shell picks (one for each hand) or with fingernails, and has a standard range of three and a half 567: 258: 250: 108: 1428: 1400: 1379: 1197: 1129: 418: 170: 32:, for its art and intellectualism. Several singers emerged in this period, among the most famous 1761: 1447: 1144: 748: 731: 506:(meaning the branch of a tree). The lute is shaped like a half pear with a short fretted neck. 478: 342: 1861: 1706: 1671: 1626: 1315: 617: 159: 1596: 1591: 1486: 1363: 1346: 1065: 457: 8: 1776: 1716: 1691: 1606: 1586: 1536: 1506: 1496: 1355: 1176: 657: 652: 608:
from A2 to E6 that can be extended down to F2 and up to G6 in the case of Arabic designs
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and the Israeli occupation of Lebanon, most of the Lebanese music stars moved to
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are also increasingly recording in the West and releasing material in English.
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Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Library and Archives – Lydia Canaan Subject File
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University of Alabama College of Arts & Sciences: Music Politics
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and has toured internationally, performing concerts in England (at
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Arab world with contemporary influences. “Al Muwashahat”, one of
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In 2011, Lebanese rock band The Kordz released their debut album
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Europe 2009), Dubai, Canada, the Czech Republic and Germany.
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are also gaining in popularity. New indie artists such as
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writes: "The first show produced a phenomenal reaction".
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World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East
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was hailed by the media as the first rock star of the
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which were simultaneously being bombed. According to
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Influence of international popular music in Lebanon
1015:The Kordz - official website of Lebanese rock band 858:"The Kordz - Debut album: "Beauty & The East"" 707: 405:. Various rock and alternative rock bands such as 1848: 776: 774: 772: 565:larger and deeper-toned relative of the Turkish 688: 960:, pp 391–395. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. 815:Habib, Hala. "Lydia Canaan: A Star is Born to 177:performing as Angel at Mont La Salle Theater, 1455: 1050: 769: 696:"Lydia Canaan: The Mideast’s First Rock Star" 185:Rock is very popular in Lebanon. During the 1462: 1448: 1057: 1043: 789: 724: 755:, No. 77, p. 2, Beirut, January 20, 1997. 738:, No. 28, p. 2, Beirut, July–August 1995. 484: 447: 1064: 862:Reflections of Darkness - Music Magazine 758: 169: 811: 809: 803:, No. 21, Saudi Arabia, September 2000. 498:is a word which comes from the Spanish 1849: 1443: 1038: 1010:The House Of Arab World Music website 991:Baidaphon Records is a Lebanese label 795:High, Claire. "With Her Debut Album, 721:, No. 8, p. 2, Beirut, February 1997. 289:were also very popular. Artists like 806: 780:Chandran, Sudha. "An Angel's Song", 934:Festival du Monde Arabe de Montréal 906:"Friday the 13th Nov Rock Festival" 13: 14: 1873: 1469: 965: 1830: 1821: 1820: 489: 922: 898: 874: 850: 826: 823:, No. 3, Beirut, February 1997. 1788:British Indian Ocean Territory 1031:- last edited on 27 April 2020 209:were very popular. Bands like 1: 786:, Sharjah, November 24, 2000. 663: 972:The Official Lebanese Top 20 704:, Beirut, November 17, 2014. 277:were extremely popular, and 7: 882:"The Kordz Concert History" 611: 10: 1878: 749:"New Hit For Lydia Canaan" 64:(activist folk singer and 1816: 1775: 1735: 1477: 1339: 1231: 1072: 685:, Beirut, April 27, 2016. 521: 509: 474:’s project, received the 295:Siouxsie and the Banshees 1537:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 1020:World Music from Lebanon 949: 591: 555: 259:Electric Light Orchestra 251:Emerson, Lake and Palmer 1798:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 560:The origin of the word 419:IJK (singer songwriter) 539: 485:Instruments of Lebanon 479:Awards for world music 448:Lebanese record labels 182: 85:fifteen-year civil war 24:, the capital city of 173: 1712:United Arab Emirates 1066:Middle Eastern music 713:Livingstone, David. 586:The Rahbani Brothers 458:Mohammed Abdel Wahab 20:has a long history. 1739:limited recognition 981:Baidaphon (Lebanon) 658:Beirut Jam Sessions 653:Coma Dance Festival 426:Beauty and the East 910:Dubai Platinumlist 618:Culture of Lebanon 367:Lebanese Civil War 187:Lebanese Civil War 183: 160:Fête de la Musique 1844: 1843: 1781:other territories 1437: 1436: 1198:Ottoman classical 1188:Iranian classical 817:The Sound of Love 797:The Sound of Love 747:Aschkar, Youmna. 694:Salhani, Justin. 46:Nasri Shamseddine 1869: 1857:Music of Lebanon 1834: 1824: 1823: 1793:Christmas Island 1479:Sovereign states 1464: 1457: 1450: 1441: 1440: 1387: 1257: 1219: 1184: 1170: 1141: 1116: 1088: 1059: 1052: 1045: 1036: 1035: 1024:Ghazi Abdel Baki 944: 943: 941: 940: 926: 920: 919: 917: 916: 902: 896: 895: 893: 892: 886:Concert Archives 878: 872: 871: 869: 868: 854: 848: 847: 845: 844: 830: 824: 813: 804: 793: 787: 778: 767: 762: 756: 745: 739: 728: 722: 711: 705: 692: 686: 673: 638:Arabic pop music 371:military attacks 207:progressive rock 18:music of Lebanon 1877: 1876: 1872: 1871: 1870: 1868: 1867: 1866: 1847: 1846: 1845: 1840: 1812: 1780: 1771: 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Index

Beirut
Lebanon
World War II
Fairuz
Sabah
Wadih El Safi
Nasri Shamseddine
Melhem Barakat
Majida El Roumi
Ahmad Kaabour
Marcel Khalife
oud
Ziad Rahbani
Lydia Canaan
Middle East
fifteen-year civil war
Cairo
Paris
Najwa Karam
Diana Haddad
Nawal Al Zoghbi
Elissa
Ragheb Alama
Walid Toufic
Wael Kfoury
Fares Karam
Amal Hijazi
Nancy Ajram
Melhem Zein
Fadel Shaker

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