1168:. On hearing the name "Tilopa", he experienced an intense feeling of devotion, and Naropa realised he needed to find the teacher to achieve full realisation. He abandoned his studies and position at the university and set out to find Tilopa. Naropa then underwent what is known as the twelve minor hardships in his quest to find his teacher, all the hardships being hidden teachings on his path to enlightenment. When he finally met Tilopa, he was given the four complete transmission lineages which he then began to practice. While studying and meditating with Tilopa, Naropa had to undergo a further twelve major hardships, and training to overcome all the obstacles on his path, culminating in his full realisation of
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1124:), the most detailed of which date to centuries after Nāropāda's lifetime. These hagiographies are filled with miracle stories and they sometimes contradict one another, making the extraction of history from them very difficult. The study of Nāropāda's own writings in their own right – independent of later Tibetan interpretations – remains in its infancy. If we follow the Indian tradition, Nāropāda wrote major works on the Kālacakra tantra, something barely noted in the Tibetan hagiographies.
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Phullahari. Very great merit arose from being able to go see him. On the day I arrived, they said some feudal prince had come to pay homage. So I went to the spot, and a great throne had been erected. I sat right in front of it. The whole crowd started buzzing, "The Lord is coming!" I looked and the Lord was physically quite corpulent, with his white hair bright red, and a vermilion turban on. He was being carried by four men, and was chewing
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1152:. He gained the reputation of a great scholar and faultless debater, essential at that time as the tradition of debate was such that the loser automatically became a student of the winner. He eventually gained the title "Guardian of the Northern Gate", engaged in many debates and taught and won many students.
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appeared to Naropa and asked if he understood the words of the Dharma, the Buddha's teachings. He replied that he did and when she seemed happy with his response, he added that he also understood their meaning. At this point the dakini burst into tears, stating that he was a great scholar, but also a
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1040 CE, but pointed out that the date for Nāropāda's birth derives from
Tibetan sources that calculate dates in the Tibetan element-animal sexagenary cycle chronology, which was never used in India. He concludes that Wylie's date for Nāropāda's birth is uncertain. Newman observes: "As a rule we must
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Herbert V. Guenther dated Nāropāda to 1016–1100 CE. These dates are based upon
Guenther's misunderstanding of dates appearing in the late Tibetan hagiography he translated. These dates are impossible because, e.g., they would make Nāropāda a young man when Atiśa went to Tibet. Turrell V. Wylie argued
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Because I went alone as an insignificant monk to see the Lord Atisha —— and because he tarried for a year in
Magadha – I thought I would go see the Lord Naropa since his reputation was so great. I went east from Magadha for a month, as I had heard that the Lord was staying in the monastery known as
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Brahmin family. His occupation was selling wood. From an early age, Naropa showed an independent streak, hoping to follow a career of study and meditation, but succumbing to his parents' wishes, he agreed to an arranged marriage with a young
Brahmin girl. After 8 years they both agreed to dissolve
1211:-leaf. I grabbed his feet and thought, "I should listen to his pronouncements!" Stronger and stronger people, though, pushed me further and further from his feet and finally I was tossed out of the crowd. So, there I saw the Lord's face, but did not actually hear his voice.
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One of the few reliable historical accounts of him comes from a
Tibetan translator named Ngatso Lotsawa, who made an effort to visit Naropa at the monastery of Phullahari while waiting to visit with
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The Outer Wheel of Time: Vajrayāna
Buddhist Cosmology in the Kālacakra tantra by John Ronald Newman. PhD thesis, University of Wisconsin—Madison:1987 pg 105 n.97
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Naropa is remembered for his trust and devotion to his teacher, which, according to his biography, enabled him to attain enlightenment in one lifetime.
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Later in his life, Naropa stayed in
Phullahari, where he died aged 85. Phullahari or Pullahari was located most likely in eastern Bihar or Bengal.
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be very sceptical of the miraculously precise dates late
Tibetan sources provide for events that occurred hundreds of years earlier in India."
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1733:, Seeing Accomplishes All. Tsang Nyon Heruka Translated by the Nalanda Translation Committee. Shambhala Publications 1995 Boston.
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1086:. Tibetan sources also hold that Nāropāda is identical to Yaśobhadra (Tib. sNyan grags bzang po), "the Great Kashmiri" (
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Nāropā lived 956–1040 CE. John Newman followed Wylie and offered supporting evidence for dating Nāropāda's death to
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and was considered an accomplished scholar. A great practitioner, Naropa is best known for having collated the
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their marriage and become ordained. At the age of 28, Naropa entered the famous
Buddhist University at
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There are differing accounts about Naropa's birthplace. As per one account, Naropa was born in
1038:, other accounts suggest that Marpa held Naropa's lineage through intermediary disciples only.
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1558:"On Nāropāda, the Bṛhatkāśmīrapañjikā, and the Anupamarakṣita Kālacakra ṣaḍaṅgayoga lineage"
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1352:"Notes on the Origin of Some Quotations in the Sekoddeśaṭīkā of Naḍapāda" by M. Nihom.
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Nāropāda's life story has mainly been represented based upon
Tibetan hagiographies (
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74). A Sanskrit manuscript edited by Tucci preserves an apparent Prakrit form
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Masters of Mahamudra: Songs and Histories of the Eighty-Four Buddhist Siddhas
1433:
Tibetan Renaissance : Tantric Buddhism in the Rebirth of Tibetan Culture
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1070:(Tucci 1930:150 & 152)." "Nāro" appears to be a nickname, meaning "Man:"
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have been particularly adept at one or more of these practices, which in
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He is also remembered as part of the "Golden Garland", meaning he is a
1172:. Naropa spent a total of twelve years with Tilopa. At the bank of the
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Although some accounts relate that Naropa was the personal teacher of
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Newman, John (2021). "On the Origin of the Kālacakra Tantra and the
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liar, as the only one who understood the teachings was her brother,
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According to scholar John Newman, "the Tibetans give Nāro's name as
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1367:"Naropa | Karmapa – The Official Website of the 17th Karmapa"
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Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies
1159:, or spiritual biography, one day, while he was studying, a
5730:
5495:
5475:
4581:
4325:
3118:
2784:
2281:
711:
1521:
Newman, John (1998). "The Epoch of the Kālacakra Tantra".
3983:
2519:
1771:, Snow Lion Publications, 1st ed. U. edition (May 1985),
1403:
1755:
The Golden Kagyu Garland, A History of the Kagyu Lineage
1506:
Wylie, Turrell V. (1982). "Dating the Death of Nāropa".
1007:. As an Indian Mahasiddha, Naropa's instructions inform
1003:
and brother, or some sources say partner and pupil, of
1793:
by Satyananda Giri. Strategic Publishing Group, 2011.
1407:
Songs of Naropa: Commentaries on Songs of Realization
1508:
L.A. Hercus (Ed.), Indological and Buddhist Studies
1263:and were passed on through an unbroken lineage via
1606:
1435:. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. p. 144-7.
1379:John Newman, "The Epoch of the Kalacakra Tantra"
5983:
1609:The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction
1601:
19:For Naropa University in Boulder, Colorado, see
1410:. Rangjung Yeshe Publications. pp. 77–78.
1135:. Another account is that he was born into a
1495:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. xi.
1180:, there is the cave where he was initiated by
5762:
4522:
1849:
1650:
1259:tradition are held to have been given by the
958:
2631:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
1278:Naropa is considered one of the eighty-four
1692:. pg 317. Columbia University Press, 2003.
1637:Bangalir Itihas Adiparba By Niharranjan Roy
1397:
1098:, which survives in the original Sanskrit.
992:, Naḍapāda or Abhayakirti) was an Indian
5769:
5755:
4529:
4515:
1856:
1842:
1463:
1461:
1219:Thangka of Mahasiddha Naropa, 19th century
1023:. He was also one of the "gatekeepers" of
965:
951:
1757:, adapted by Bruce Tarver. Published in
1747:by Kenpo Chodrak Rinpoche. Published in
1490:
1430:
1214:
27:
3818:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
1458:
5984:
4021:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1574:
1555:
1520:
1467:
1048:Nā ro pa, Nā ro paṇ chen, Nā ro ta pa,
5750:
4536:
4510:
1837:
1505:
1335:ed. Oliver Leaman. Routledge: 2001.
1050:and so forth. The manuscript of the
1671:. Columbia University Press, 2003.
13:
3808:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
1751:No's 3 & 4,1995 San Francisco.
1707:
1404:Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche (1997).
435:Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction
14:
6053:
6032:11th-century Indian philosophers
5776:
4489:
4479:
4478:
4036:Thai temple art and architecture
3781:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
2021:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
1887:
1874:
1864:
1731:The Life of Marpa the Translator
1651:Chattopadhyay, Alaka Tr (1960).
1613:. Wadsworth Publishing Company.
1333:Encyclopedia of Asian Philosophy
60:
1888:
1714:The Life and Teaching of Naropa
1682:
1661:
1644:
1633:
1627:
1595:
1568:
1549:
1514:
1499:
1493:The Life and Teaching of Nāropa
1484:
1290:, USA was named in his honour.
1247:. These practices help achieve
1066:, as well as a semi-Sanskritic
4869:Progressive utilization theory
4026:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3828:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2908:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
2099:Places where the Buddha stayed
1769:Tantric Yogas of Sister Niguma
1449:
1424:
1386:
1373:
1359:
1346:
1326:
1251:more rapidly. Many subsequent
1027:monastery which is located in
1:
4041:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
1556:Newman, John (January 2023).
1491:Guenther, Herbert V. (1963).
1319:
1282:, the 'saints' of Vajrayana.
3798:Buddhism and the Roman world
3774:Decline of Buddhism in India
3769:History of Buddhism in India
1869: Topics in
1431:Davidson, Ronald M. (2005).
1275:and on to the present day.
1115:
7:
6042:History of Tibetan Buddhism
6002:Indian scholars of Buddhism
2996:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2736:
1581:. SUNY Press. p. 146.
1293:
1094:), the named author of the
1074:> vernacular nom. sing.
381:
10:
6058:
3946:The unanswerable questions
1535:10.1163/000000098124992781
1393:ni gu ma ( b. 10th cent. )
1131:and was a contemporary of
1054:preserves a Sanskrit form
18:
16:Indian Buddhist Mahasiddha
6037:11th-century Indian monks
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4761:
4676:
4607:
4600:
4544:
4474:
4426:
4341:
4256:
4031:Buddhist temples in Korea
3954:
3856:
3739:
3436:
3364:
3191:
3064:
3004:
2639:
2594:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
2505:
2497:Three planes of existence
2445:
2290:
2182:
2112:
2104:Buddha in world religions
1966:
1911:
1883:
1822:
1814:
1806:
1223:
1176:, in the precinct of the
1155:According to his Tibetan
999:. He was the disciple of
989:
5056:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
3813:Persecution of Buddhists
3034:Four stages of awakening
2415:Three marks of existence
2001:Physical characteristics
1749:Kagyu Life International
1745:The Life Story of Naropa
1690:Indian Esoteric Buddhism
1669:Indian Esoteric Buddhism
1101:
1041:
464:Practices and attainment
452:Pointing-out instruction
363:Three marks of existence
4986:Samkhyapravachana Sutra
3176:Ten principal disciples
2059:(aunt, adoptive mother)
1654:Churashi Siddhar Kahini
1383:41 (1998) pg 347, n. 10
5992:11th-century Buddhists
4722:Early Buddhist schools
3886:Buddhism and democracy
3399:Tibetan Buddhist canon
3394:Chinese Buddhist canon
2626:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2621:Early Buddhist schools
1718:Shambhala Publications
1716:by Herbert V Gunther.
1575:Dowman, Keith (2010).
1220:
1213:
1144:where he studied both
833:Tibetan Buddhist canon
36:
6022:Monks of Vikramashila
6017:Indian Buddhist monks
3896:Eight Consciousnesses
2006:Life of Buddha in art
1218:
1204:
1096:Vajrapadasārasaṃgraha
408:Dependent origination
31:
5936:Supratiṣṭhitacāritra
5852:Sangharāma (Guān Yǔ)
5160:Brihadratha Ikshvaku
4997:Sarvadarsanasangraha
4774:Acintya bheda abheda
4373:East Asian religions
3803:Buddhism in the West
3374:Early Buddhist texts
2989:Four Right Exertions
2455:Ten spiritual realms
1948:Noble Eightfold Path
1720:1999 Massachusetts.
1688:Davidson, Ronald M.
1667:Davidson, Ronald M.
1523:Indo-Iranian Journal
1381:Indo-Iranian Journal
1354:Indo-Iranian Journal
1178:Pashupatinath Temple
907:History and overview
306:Samding Dorje Phagmo
171:Second dissemination
5220:Dayananda Saraswati
4794:Nimbarka Sampradaya
4718:Buddhist philosophy
4496:Religion portal
4243:Temple of the Tooth
4122:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
3161:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
2654:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
2437:Two truths doctrine
2257:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2057:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1300:Six yogas of Naropa
1013:six yogas of Naropa
1011:, particularly his
694:Institutional roles
133:First dissemination
4831:Pashupata Shaivism
4661:Pashupata Shaivism
4418:Western philosophy
4016:Dzong architecture
3838:Vipassana movement
3833:Buddhist modernism
3261:Emperor Wen of Sui
3029:Pratyekabuddhayāna
2962:Threefold Training
2764:Vipassana movement
2480:Hungry Ghost realm
2300:Avidyā (Ignorance)
2247:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
1996:Great Renunciation
1991:Eight Great Events
1873:
1221:
1060:Paramarthasaṃgraha
1052:Paramarthasaṃgraha
1021:anuttarayogatantra
885:Tree of physiology
425:Four Tenets system
37:
5979:
5978:
5744:
5743:
5596:Pratītyasamutpāda
4757:
4756:
4538:Indian philosophy
4504:
4503:
4142:Om mani padme hum
3848:Women in Buddhism
3764:Buddhist councils
3634:Western countries
3422:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
3183:Shaolin Monastery
2760:Samatha-vipassanā
2370:Pratītyasamutpāda
2174:Metteyya/Maitreya
2092:
2084:
2076:
2068:
2060:
2052:
2044:
1921:Four Noble Truths
1832:
1831:
1823:Succeeded by
1799:978-1-61204-448-4
1785:978-0-937938-28-7
1417:978-962-7341-28-4
1284:Naropa University
975:
974:
937:Index of articles
553:Major monasteries
511:Tantra techniques
430:Rangtong-Shentong
338:10th Panchen Lama
127:Key personalities
21:Naropa University
6049:
5824:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
5771:
5764:
5757:
5748:
5747:
5250:Satyakama Jabala
5185:Akshapada Gotama
5135:Gārgī Vāchaknavī
5115:Vāchaspati Misra
4973:Nyayakusumanjali
4907:Bhagavata Purana
4864:Radical Humanism
4836:Shaiva Siddhanta
4605:
4604:
4577:Vedic philosophy
4531:
4524:
4517:
4508:
4507:
4494:
4493:
4482:
4481:
4321:Sacred languages
4169:Maya Devi Temple
4132:Mahabodhi Temple
3936:Secular Buddhism
3901:Engaged Buddhism
2741:
2589:Tibetan Buddhism
2540:Vietnamese Thiền
2139:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
2090:
2082:
2074:
2066:
2058:
2050:
2042:
1891:
1890:
1878:
1868:
1858:
1851:
1844:
1835:
1834:
1807:Preceded by
1804:
1803:
1701:
1686:
1680:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1612:
1603:Richard Robinson
1599:
1593:
1592:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1465:
1456:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1401:
1395:
1390:
1384:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1363:
1357:
1350:
1344:
1330:
1241:Tibetan Buddhism
1082:> vernacular
1017:completion stage
1015:relevant to the
991:
967:
960:
953:
890:Festival thangka
384:
357:General Buddhist
64:
54:
53:Tibetan Buddhism
39:
38:
6057:
6056:
6052:
6051:
6050:
6048:
6047:
6046:
5982:
5981:
5980:
5975:
5961:Viśuddhacāritra
5904:
5856:
5833:
5780:
5775:
5745:
5740:
5566:Parameshashakti
5274:
5210:Ramana Maharshi
5095:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa
5073:
5039:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra
5013:Tattvacintāmaṇi
4886:Abhinavabharati
4873:
4842:
4816:Sikh Philosophy
4804:Vishishtadvaita
4753:
4672:
4596:
4540:
4535:
4505:
4500:
4488:
4470:
4422:
4337:
4252:
3989:Ordination hall
3950:
3852:
3823:Buddhist crisis
3735:
3432:
3384:Mahayana sutras
3360:
3356:Thích Nhất Hạnh
3187:
3060:
3000:
2950:Bodhisattva vow
2635:
2501:
2441:
2400:Taṇhā (Craving)
2335:Five hindrances
2286:
2178:
2108:
1962:
1907:
1879:
1862:
1828:
1812:
1710:
1708:Further reading
1705:
1704:
1687:
1683:
1666:
1662:
1649:
1645:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1600:
1596:
1589:
1573:
1569:
1554:
1550:
1519:
1515:
1504:
1500:
1489:
1485:
1466:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1443:
1429:
1425:
1418:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1387:
1378:
1374:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1356:27 (1984) pg 17
1351:
1347:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1296:
1226:
1118:
1104:
1092:kha che chen po
1044:
971:
942:
941:
908:
900:
899:
860:
850:
849:
840:Mahayana sutras
816:
806:
805:
761:
751:
750:
695:
687:
686:
555:
545:
544:
465:
457:
456:
353:
343:
342:
333:14th Dalai Lama
328:13th Dalai Lama
312:
301:
283:
265:
247:
230:Patrul Rinpoche
172:
134:
129:
119:
118:
74:
52:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6055:
6045:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6027:Buddhist yogis
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5977:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5956:Viśiṣṭacāritra
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5916:B. R. Ambedkar
5912:
5910:
5906:
5905:
5903:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5866:
5864:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5854:
5849:
5843:
5841:
5835:
5834:
5832:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5794:Avalokiteśvara
5790:
5788:
5782:
5781:
5774:
5773:
5766:
5759:
5751:
5742:
5741:
5739:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5641:Shabda Brahman
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5591:Pratibimbavada
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5282:
5280:
5276:
5275:
5273:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5230:Vedanta Desika
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5125:Gautama Buddha
5122:
5120:Uddalaka Aruni
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5071:
5066:
5059:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5035:
5034:
5033:
5023:
5016:
5009:
5007:Tarka-Sangraha
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4982:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4950:Mimamsa Sutras
4946:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4922:
4920:Buddhist texts
4917:
4910:
4903:
4896:
4889:
4881:
4879:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4850:
4848:
4844:
4843:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4807:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4682:
4680:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4613:
4611:
4602:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4541:
4534:
4533:
4526:
4519:
4511:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4486:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4432:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4369:
4368:
4363:
4353:
4347:
4345:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4328:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4145:
4144:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4053:Greco-Buddhist
4045:
4044:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4007:
4006:
4004:Burmese pagoda
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3960:
3958:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3862:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3786:Greco-Buddhism
3783:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3745:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3719:United Kingdom
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3664:Czech Republic
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3624:
3614:
3613:
3612:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3543:
3538:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3442:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3428:Abhidharmadīpa
3425:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3370:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3346:B. R. Ambedkar
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3266:Songtsen Gampo
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3197:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3010:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2945:Eight precepts
2942:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2824:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2733:
2723:
2718:
2716:Five Strengths
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2656:
2651:
2645:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2511:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2355:Mental factors
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2296:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2207:Mahamoggallāna
2204:
2199:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2122:Avalokiteśvara
2118:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2086:
2078:
2070:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1861:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1838:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1788:
1765:2nd Dalai Lama
1762:
1761:Issue 15, 2005
1759:Buddhism Today
1752:
1742:
1728:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1681:
1660:
1643:
1640:. p. 601.
1626:
1619:
1594:
1587:
1567:
1548:
1513:
1498:
1483:
1470:Paramādibuddha
1457:
1448:
1441:
1423:
1416:
1396:
1385:
1372:
1358:
1345:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1295:
1292:
1235:holder of the
1225:
1222:
1117:
1114:
1103:
1100:
1043:
1040:
973:
972:
970:
969:
962:
955:
947:
944:
943:
940:
939:
933:
932:
927:
921:
920:
915:
909:
906:
905:
902:
901:
898:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
875:Wall paintings
872:
867:
861:
856:
855:
852:
851:
848:
847:
845:Nyingma Gyubum
842:
836:
835:
829:
828:
823:
817:
812:
811:
808:
807:
804:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
776:Galdan Namchot
773:
768:
766:Chotrul Duchen
762:
757:
756:
753:
752:
749:
748:
747:
746:
736:
731:
725:
724:
719:
714:
708:
707:
702:
696:
693:
692:
689:
688:
685:
684:
679:
674:
668:
667:
662:
657:
652:
646:
645:
640:
635:
630:
624:
623:
618:
613:
607:
606:
601:
596:
590:
589:
584:
579:
573:
572:
567:
562:
556:
551:
550:
547:
546:
543:
542:
537:
531:
530:
525:
520:
514:
513:
508:
502:
501:
496:
490:
489:
487:Avalokiteśvara
484:
478:
477:
472:
466:
463:
462:
459:
458:
455:
454:
449:
443:
442:
438:
437:
432:
427:
421:
420:
416:
415:
410:
404:
403:
398:
393:
387:
386:
377:
372:
366:
365:
359:
358:
354:
349:
348:
345:
344:
341:
340:
335:
330:
325:
323:5th Dalai Lama
320:
314:
313:
303:
302:
297:
296:
291:
285:
284:
279:
278:
273:
267:
266:
261:
260:
258:Rangjung Dorje
255:
249:
248:
243:
242:
237:
232:
227:
222:
217:
211:
210:
206:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
174:
173:
168:
167:
162:
160:Trisong Detsen
157:
155:Songtsen Gampo
152:
147:
142:
136:
135:
130:
125:
124:
121:
120:
117:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
75:
70:
69:
66:
65:
57:
56:
48:
47:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6054:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5941:Supuṣpacandra
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5921:Bhaiṣajyarāja
5919:
5917:
5914:
5913:
5911:
5907:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5870:Padmasambhava
5868:
5867:
5865:
5863:
5859:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5840:
5836:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5809:Samantabhadra
5807:
5805:
5802:
5799:
5795:
5792:
5791:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5779:
5772:
5767:
5765:
5760:
5758:
5753:
5752:
5749:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5571:Parinama-vada
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5277:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5195:Padmasambhāva
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5100:Maṇḍana Miśra
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5090:Abhinavagupta
5088:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5076:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5064:
5063:Yoga Vasistha
5060:
5058:
5057:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5040:
5036:
5032:
5029:
5028:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4956:All 108 texts
4954:
4953:
4952:
4951:
4947:
4945:
4944:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4927:
4926:Dharmashastra
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4911:
4909:
4908:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4900:Bhagavad Gita
4897:
4895:
4894:
4890:
4888:
4887:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4854:Integral yoga
4852:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4799:Shuddhadvaita
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4760:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4716:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4669:
4666:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4610:
4606:
4603:
4599:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4532:
4527:
4525:
4520:
4518:
4513:
4512:
4509:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4485:
4477:
4476:
4473:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4258:Miscellaneous
4255:
4249:
4248:Vegetarianism
4246:
4244:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4070:Buddha in art
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4005:
4002:
4001:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3724:United States
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3603:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3435:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3281:Padmasambhava
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3193:Major figures
3190:
3184:
3181:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3140:
3139:Western tulku
3137:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2940:Five precepts
2938:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2918:Dhamma vicaya
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2686:Buddhābhiṣeka
2684:
2680:
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2336:
2333:
2331:
2330:Enlightenment
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2320:Dhamma theory
2318:
2316:
2315:Buddha-nature
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
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2175:
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2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2154:Samantabhadra
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2124:
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2120:
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2117:
2115:
2111:
2105:
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2100:
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2055:
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2047:
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2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
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1989:
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1979:
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1778:
1777:0-937938-28-9
1774:
1770:
1766:
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1760:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1739:1-57062-087-3
1736:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1726:1-56957-110-4
1723:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1699:
1698:0-231-12618-2
1695:
1691:
1685:
1678:
1677:0-231-12618-2
1674:
1670:
1664:
1657:. p. 12.
1656:
1655:
1647:
1639:
1638:
1630:
1622:
1620:9780534207182
1616:
1611:
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1604:
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1590:
1588:9781438401485
1584:
1580:
1579:
1571:
1563:
1559:
1552:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1529:(4): 347n10.
1528:
1524:
1517:
1509:
1502:
1494:
1487:
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1471:
1464:
1462:
1452:
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1442:0-231-13470-3
1438:
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1427:
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1341:0-415-17281-0
1338:
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1229:
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1212:
1210:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:and attained
1183:
1179:
1175:
1174:Bagmati river
1171:
1167:
1162:
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1125:
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1039:
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1036:Marpa Lotsawa
1032:
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983:
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827:
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789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
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772:
769:
767:
764:
763:
760:
755:
754:
745:
744:Western tulku
742:
741:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
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631:
629:
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619:
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614:
612:
609:
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602:
600:
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585:
583:
580:
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568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
557:
554:
549:
548:
541:
538:
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533:
532:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
515:
512:
509:
507:
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500:
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492:
491:
488:
485:
483:
480:
479:
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468:
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461:
460:
453:
450:
448:
445:
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439:
436:
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431:
428:
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418:
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411:
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389:
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371:
368:
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364:
361:
360:
356:
355:
352:
347:
346:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
318:Je Tsongkhapa
316:
315:
310:
309:
308:
307:
299:
298:
295:
292:
290:
289:Sakya Pandita
287:
286:
281:
280:
277:
274:
272:
269:
268:
263:
262:
259:
256:
254:
251:
250:
245:
244:
241:
238:
236:
235:Dudjom Lingpa
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
215:Yeshe Tsogyal
213:
212:
208:
207:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
175:
170:
169:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
140:Padmasambhāva
138:
137:
132:
131:
128:
123:
122:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
76:
73:
68:
67:
63:
59:
58:
55:
50:
49:
45:
41:
40:
34:
30:
26:
22:
5997:Bodhisattvas
5926:Candraprabha
5778:Bodhisattvas
5671:Iccha-mrityu
5636:Satkaryavada
5536:Nididhyasana
5521:Matsya Nyaya
5255:Madhvacharya
5085:Adi Shankara
5078:Philosophers
5061:
5054:
5037:
5018:
5011:
5002:Shiva Sutras
4992:Sangam texts
4984:
4977:
4968:Nyāya Sūtras
4948:
4941:
4924:
4914:Brahma Sutra
4913:
4905:
4898:
4893:Arthashastra
4891:
4884:
4826:Pratyabhijna
4706:Anekantavada
4436:Bodhisattvas
4356:Christianity
4351:Baháʼí Faith
4216:Dharmachakra
4206:Prayer wheel
4196:Prayer beads
3964:Architecture
3843:969 Movement
3627:Saudi Arabia
3605:Central Asia
3598:South Africa
3420:
3403:
3336:Panchen Lama
3295:
3241:Buddhapālita
2837:Satipatthana
2832:Mindful Yoga
2745:Recollection
2659:Brahmavihara
2530:Japanese Zen
2525:Chinese Chan
2485:Animal realm
2292:Key concepts
2114:Bodhisattvas
1926:Three Jewels
1815:
1790:
1768:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1744:
1730:
1713:
1689:
1684:
1668:
1663:
1653:
1646:
1636:
1629:
1608:
1597:
1577:
1570:
1562:Academia.edu
1561:
1551:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1507:
1501:
1492:
1486:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1451:
1432:
1426:
1406:
1399:
1388:
1380:
1375:
1361:
1353:
1348:
1332:
1328:
1277:
1230:
1227:
1205:
1200:Vikramashila
1193:
1190:
1154:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1108:
1105:
1095:
1091:
1088:bṛhatkāśmīra
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1045:
1033:
1025:Vikramashila
977:
976:
880:Ashtamangala
865:Sand mandala
705:Panchen Lama
672:Tashi Lhunpo
304:
225:Jigme Lingpa
187:
145:Śāntarakṣita
32:
25:
6012:Mahasiddhas
6007:Kagyu lamas
5946:Sūryaprabha
5895:Sitātapatrā
5890:Vajrasattva
5829:Ākāśagarbha
5814:Kṣitigarbha
5716:Vivartavada
5606:Rājamaṇḍala
5561:Paramananda
5361:Apauruṣheyā
5356:Anupalabdhi
5215:Vivekananda
5180:Dharmakirti
5140:Buddhaghosa
5130:Yājñavalkya
4937:Jain Agamas
4932:Hindu texts
4811:Navya-Nyāya
4747:Svatantrika
4742:Sautrāntika
4631:Vaisheshika
4281:Dharma talk
4110:Asalha Puja
3906:Eschatology
3709:Switzerland
3689:New Zealand
3617:Middle East
3526:Philippines
3446:Afghanistan
3251:Bodhidharma
3236:Buddhaghosa
3156:Householder
3066:Monasticism
3019:Bodhisattva
2874:Prostration
2827:Mindfulness
2755:Anapanasati
2738:Kammaṭṭhāna
2535:Korean Seon
2475:Asura realm
2470:Human realm
2410:Ten Fetters
2365:Parinirvana
2267:Uppalavanna
2232:Mahākaccana
2217:Mahākassapa
2149:Kṣitigarbha
2144:Ākāśagarbha
2041:Suddhodāna
1986:Four sights
1913:Foundations
1280:mahasiddhas
1267:to Naropa,
1245:Six Dharmas
599:Mindrolling
396:Bodhisattva
198:Sukhasiddhi
188:Abhayakirti
5986:Categories
5666:Svātantrya
5556:Paramatman
5511:Kshetrajna
5486:Ishvaratva
5426:Cittabhumi
5421:Chidabhasa
5371:Asiddhatva
5291:Abhasavada
5265:Guru Nanak
5200:Vasubandhu
5026:Upanishads
5020:Tirukkuṟaḷ
4979:Panchadasi
4784:Bhedabheda
4732:Madhyamaka
4572:Monotheism
4398:Psychology
4378:Gnosticism
4366:Comparison
4361:Influences
4343:Comparison
4226:Bhavacakra
4184:Kushinagar
4159:Pilgrimage
4105:Māgha Pūjā
4060:Bodhi Tree
3876:Buddhology
3866:Abhidharma
3858:Philosophy
3791:Menander I
3659:Costa Rica
3610:Uzbekistan
3451:Bangladesh
3405:Dhammapada
3389:Pali Canon
3351:Ajahn Chah
3331:Dalai Lama
3231:Kumārajīva
3226:Vasubandhu
3201:The Buddha
3109:Zen master
3044:Sakadagami
3024:Buddhahood
2955:Pratimokṣa
2770:Shikantaza
2726:Meditation
2701:Deity yoga
2572:Madhyamaka
2465:Deva realm
2360:Mindstream
2310:Bodhicitta
2222:Aṅgulimāla
2089:Devadatta
2065:Yaśodharā
1968:The Buddha
1958:Middle Way
1510:: 687–692.
1320:References
1249:Buddhahood
1239:school of
997:Mahasiddha
895:Mani stone
700:Dalai Lama
540:Buddhahood
528:Dream yoga
518:Deity yoga
494:Meditation
482:Bodhicitta
220:Longchenpa
150:Kamalaśīla
5971:Śāntideva
5966:Nagarjuna
5951:Vasudhārā
5885:Vajrapāṇi
5875:Mandāravā
5862:Vajrayana
5526:Mithyatva
5416:Chaitanya
5411:Catuṣkoṭi
5376:Asatkalpa
5351:Anavastha
5326:Aishvarya
5245:Sakayanya
5240:Sadananda
5205:Gaudapada
5190:Nagarjuna
5145:Patañjali
4961:Principal
4943:Kamasutra
4737:Yogachara
4656:Raseśvara
4466:Festivals
4446:Buddhists
4408:Theosophy
4211:Symbolism
4201:Hama yumi
4174:Bodh Gaya
3941:Socialism
3916:Evolution
3891:Economics
3729:Venezuela
3644:Australia
3639:Argentina
3563:Sri Lanka
3558:Singapore
3476:Indonesia
3438:Countries
3379:Tripiṭaka
3341:Ajahn Mun
3216:Nagarjuna
3211:Aśvaghoṣa
3094:Anagārika
3089:Śrāmaṇerī
3084:Śrāmaṇera
3079:Bhikkhunī
3039:Sotāpanna
2928:Passaddhi
2869:Offerings
2844:Nekkhamma
2721:Iddhipada
2641:Practices
2611:Theravada
2584:Vajrayana
2577:Yogachara
2547:Pure Land
2460:Six Paths
2447:Cosmology
2227:Anuruddha
2202:Sāriputta
2192:Kaundinya
2184:Disciples
2159:Vajrapāṇi
2011:Footprint
1976:Tathāgata
1543:161363549
1257:Vajrayana
1170:mahāmudrā
1122:rnam thar
1116:Biography
1080:nāropādāḥ
1009:Vajrayana
759:Festivals
523:Guru yoga
506:Vajrayana
475:Pāramitās
375:Cosmology
351:Teachings
276:Taranatha
5819:Maitreya
5804:Mañjuśrī
5691:Tanmatra
5686:Tajjalan
5676:Syādvāda
5576:Pradhana
5551:Padārtha
5516:Lakshana
5461:Ekagrata
5306:Adrishta
5301:Adarsana
5279:Concepts
5260:Mahavira
5225:Ramanuja
5175:Chanakya
5110:Avatsara
5105:Valluvar
5045:Vedangas
4859:Gandhism
4762:Medieval
4711:Syādvāda
4696:Charvaka
4668:Pāṇiniya
4562:Idealism
4484:Category
4413:Violence
4383:Hinduism
4331:Sanskrit
4286:Hinayana
4271:Amitābha
4231:Swastika
4100:Uposatha
4090:Holidays
4075:Calendar
3921:Humanism
3759:Kanishka
3749:Timeline
3573:Thailand
3541:Kalmykia
3536:Buryatia
3521:Pakistan
3506:Mongolia
3501:Maldives
3496:Malaysia
3461:Cambodia
3326:Shamarpa
3321:Nichiren
3271:Xuanzang
3206:Nagasena
3124:Rinpoche
2854:Pāramitā
2696:Devotion
2616:Navayana
2604:Dzogchen
2567:Nichiren
2515:Mahayana
2507:Branches
2385:Saṅkhāra
2134:Mañjuśrī
2091:(cousin)
2083:(cousin)
2051:(mother)
2043:(father)
2031:Miracles
1981:Birthday
1898:Glossary
1871:Buddhism
1605:(1996).
1294:See also
1288:Colorado
1273:Milarepa
1253:Karmapas
1137:Kashmiri
1068:Nāropāda
1056:Naḍapāda
994:Buddhist
990:Nāropāda
986:Sanskrit
918:Timeline
786:Dosmoche
722:Rinpoche
611:Narthang
570:Dzogchen
447:Dzogchen
300:Bodongpa
203:Milarepa
165:Ralpacan
44:a series
42:Part of
5839:Chinese
5798:Guanyin
5736:More...
5706:Upekkhā
5701:Uparati
5681:Taijasa
5656:Śūnyatā
5626:Saṃsāra
5621:Samadhi
5586:Prakṛti
5541:Nirvāṇa
5491:Jivatva
5481:Ikshana
5436:Devatas
5406:Bhumika
5396:Brahman
5386:Avyakta
5331:Akrodha
5311:Advaita
5270:More...
5165:Jaimini
5069:More...
4779:Advaita
4769:Vedanta
4727:Śūnyatā
4686:Ājīvika
4678:Nāstika
4646:Vedanta
4641:Mīmāṃsā
4621:Samkhya
4601:Ancient
4557:Atomism
4552:Atheism
4461:Temples
4441:Buddhas
4403:Science
4393:Judaism
4388:Jainism
4306:Lineage
4266:Abhijñā
4236:Thangka
4179:Sarnath
4164:Lumbini
4085:Funeral
4080:Cuisine
3956:Culture
3931:Reality
3881:Creator
3871:Atomism
3741:History
3714:Ukraine
3674:Germany
3593:Senegal
3583:Vietnam
3511:Myanmar
3311:Shinran
3301:Karmapa
3276:Shandao
3246:Dignāga
3171:Śrāvaka
3151:Donchee
3146:Kappiya
3104:Sayadaw
3074:Bhikkhu
3049:Anāgāmi
3006:Nirvana
2972:Samadhi
2859:Paritta
2800:Tonglen
2795:Mandala
2750:Smarana
2731:Mantras
2679:Upekkha
2649:Bhavana
2599:Shingon
2552:Tiantai
2405:Tathātā
2395:Śūnyatā
2390:Skandha
2380:Saṃsāra
2375:Rebirth
2350:Kleshas
2340:Indriya
2242:Subhūti
2127:Guanyin
2081:Ānanda
2073:Rāhula
1953:Nirvana
1893:Outline
1819:school
1791:Naropa
1233:lineage
1142:Nalanda
982:Prakrit
930:Culture
925:Outline
913:History
870:Thangka
826:Tengyur
821:Kangyur
801:Losoong
796:Sho Dun
717:Karmapa
677:Tsurphu
638:Ramoche
621:Pabonka
616:Nechung
604:Namgyal
594:Labrang
582:Jokhang
565:Drepung
560:Tradruk
535:Thukdam
441:Nyingma
419:Tibetan
391:Rebirth
382:Saṃsāra
370:Skandha
311:Gelugpa
294:Gorampa
271:Dolpopa
209:Nyingma
79:Nyingma
72:Schools
5847:Skanda
5711:Utsaha
5661:Sutram
5651:Sthiti
5646:Sphoṭa
5616:Sakshi
5601:Puruṣa
5581:Prajna
5546:Niyama
5506:Kasaya
5451:Dravya
5441:Dharma
5401:Bhuman
5391:Bhrama
5346:Ananta
5341:Anatta
5336:Aksara
5321:Ahimsa
5296:Abheda
5286:Abhava
5235:Raikva
5155:Kapila
5150:Kanada
4847:Modern
4821:Shaiva
4789:Dvaita
4691:Ajñana
4651:Shaiva
4609:Āstika
4592:Moksha
4545:Topics
4456:Sutras
4451:Suttas
4316:Siddhi
4301:Koliya
4276:Brahmā
4191:Poetry
4137:Mantra
4127:Kasaya
3999:Pagoda
3979:Kyaung
3974:Vihāra
3969:Temple
3911:Ethics
3754:Ashoka
3704:Sweden
3699:Poland
3694:Norway
3684:Mexico
3669:France
3654:Canada
3649:Brazil
3588:Africa
3568:Taiwan
3531:Russia
3456:Bhutan
3416:Vinaya
3296:Naropa
3286:Saraha
3221:Asanga
2977:Prajñā
2886:Refuge
2849:Nianfo
2810:Tertön
2805:Tantra
2790:Ganana
2780:Tukdam
2706:Dhyāna
2674:Mudita
2669:Karuṇā
2562:Risshū
2557:Huayan
2490:Naraka
2430:Anattā
2425:Dukkha
2420:Anicca
2325:Dharma
2277:Channa
2212:Ānanda
2197:Assaji
2164:Skanda
2067:(wife)
2036:Family
2016:Relics
1941:Sangha
1936:Dharma
1931:Buddha
1810:Tilopa
1797:
1783:
1779:(10),
1775:
1741:(pbk.)
1737:
1724:
1696:
1675:
1617:
1585:
1541:
1480:: 315.
1439:
1414:
1343:pg 282
1339:
1265:Tilopa
1261:Buddha
1224:Legacy
1186:Siddhi
1182:Tilopa
1166:Tilopa
1161:dakini
1157:namtar
1150:Tantra
1129:Bengal
1084:nāropā
1064:Nāropā
1005:Niguma
1001:Tilopa
978:Nāropā
791:Monlam
771:Dajyur
734:Tertön
633:Ralung
628:Palcho
587:Kumbum
577:Ganden
470:Lamrim
401:Dharma
264:Jonang
240:Mipham
193:Niguma
183:Talika
104:Jonang
94:Bodong
33:Nāropā
5909:Other
5900:Cundī
5786:Major
5726:Yamas
5721:Viraj
5696:Tyāga
5631:Satya
5531:Mokṣa
5501:Karma
5456:Dhrti
5381:Ātman
5366:Artha
5170:Vyasa
5050:Vedas
5031:Minor
4878:Texts
4626:Nyaya
4617:Hindu
4587:Artha
4567:Logic
4428:Lists
4296:Kalpa
4291:Iddhi
4154:Music
4149:Mudra
4115:Vassa
4095:Vesak
4065:Budai
4011:Candi
3994:Stupa
3926:Logic
3679:Italy
3578:Tibet
3516:Nepal
3486:Korea
3481:Japan
3471:India
3466:China
3411:Sutra
3366:Texts
3316:Dōgen
3306:Hōnen
3291:Atiśa
3256:Zhiyi
3166:Achar
3134:Tulku
3129:Geshe
3114:Rōshi
3099:Ajahn
3054:Arhat
3014:Bodhi
2984:Vīrya
2901:Sacca
2896:Satya
2891:Sādhu
2879:Music
2822:Merit
2815:Terma
2775:Zazen
2711:Faith
2664:Mettā
2345:Karma
2305:Bardo
2272:Asita
2262:Khema
2252:Upāli
2237:Nanda
2075:(son)
2049:Māyā
2026:Films
1903:Index
1826:Marpa
1817:Kagyu
1634:asf.
1539:S2CID
1314:Kagyu
1309:Marpa
1269:Marpa
1237:Kagyu
1209:betel
1196:Atiśa
1146:Sutra
1133:Atiśa
1109:circa
1102:Dates
1078:>
1042:Names
1029:Bihar
814:Texts
781:Losar
739:Tulku
729:Geshe
682:Yerpa
665:Shalu
655:Sanga
650:Sakya
499:Laity
413:Karma
282:Sakya
253:Marpa
246:Kagyu
178:Atiśa
109:Gelug
99:Kagyu
89:Sakya
84:Kadam
5880:Tārā
5731:Yoga
5496:Kama
5476:Idam
5471:Hitā
5466:Guṇa
5431:Dāna
5316:Aham
4720:and
4701:Jain
4636:Yoga
4582:Kama
4326:Pāḷi
4311:Māra
4221:Flag
3622:Iran
3546:Tuva
3491:Laos
3119:Lama
2967:Śīla
2935:Śīla
2923:Pīti
2913:Sati
2864:Puja
2785:Koan
2691:Dāna
2282:Yasa
2169:Tārā
1795:ISBN
1787:(13)
1781:ISBN
1773:ISBN
1735:ISBN
1722:ISBN
1694:ISBN
1673:ISBN
1615:ISBN
1583:ISBN
1437:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1337:ISBN
1271:and
1148:and
1076:nāro
1072:nāra
712:Lama
660:Sera
643:Rato
114:Rimé
5931:Niō
5611:Ṛta
5446:Dhi
4048:Art
3984:Wat
2520:Zen
1531:doi
1472:".
1286:in
1198:at
1019:of
858:Art
5988::
4619::
3550:ru
1767:.
1560:.
1537:.
1527:41
1525:.
1478:44
1476:.
1460:^
1202::
1188:.
1090:;
1031:.
988::
984:;
46:on
5800:)
5796:(
5770:e
5763:t
5756:v
4530:e
4523:t
4516:v
3552:)
3548:(
2766:)
2762:(
1857:e
1850:t
1843:v
1700:.
1679:.
1623:.
1591:.
1564:.
1545:.
1533::
1445:.
1420:.
1369:.
1058:(
980:(
966:e
959:t
952:v
35:.
23:.
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