54:
130:
1877:
1607:
31:
49:, the original manufacturer of Nishiki bikes, had used a tri-color square in its domestic marketing — the three colors symbolizing passion for the customer (red), quality products (yellow) and sincerity in business (blue). WCC sought and received permission from Kawamura to use the same mark within the Nishiki logo and in their company marketing.
375:
bikes through more than a single dealership in a sales territory. Louisville Cycle & Supply (Louisville, KY) were sub-distributors for both brands in the
Southeast, and Pettee Cycle (Denver, CO) were sub-distributors of both brands in Colorado and surrounding states. Kawamura trademarked both names for the
444:
Cohen later worked as a consultant in the bicycle industry for several companies, including Rotor
Componentes of Spain, and subsequently retired from Lomita, California to Colorado where he and his wife, Kay (Kay Piercy Guithues Cohen) catalogued his collection of bicycling memorabilia and maintained
400:
In 1977 some
Nishiki models began to come from Gaint of Taiwan. Over time more models were made by Gaint. Kawamura manufactured frames continued until the 1987, for the 1988 model year. In 1988, Derby International took over the Nishiki brand in the USA. There were no more bicycles from Kawamura
374:
The Azuki brand was initially manufactured by
Kuwahara, not Kawamura, and therefore not identical to the Nishiki brand. The evidence for Azuki's manufacturer is in the serial numbers, Later, some Azuki models were manufactured by Kawamura. A second line allowed WCC to market essentially identical
428:
and securing the right to market the "ET Bicycle." To make the
Kuwahara brand name a household word, Cohen ran a promotion giving free stickers to children who called a toll-free phone number and could correctly pronounce the brand name. In 1989, Cohen sold the Kuwahara name back to the Japanese
312:
After visiting over 60 bicycle factories over a period of six weeks, Cohen turned to
Kawamura Cycles. Kawamura had produced quality bicycles for the Japan domestic market, but at the directive of their overseas buyers, had produced lower-quality, lower-priced bicycles for the U.S. market, for
479:
brand names. Some of the all terrain bikes and mountain bike models were designed in partnership with famed mountain bike designer and
Mountain Bike Hall of Fame member R. Cunningham and have his name on the frames. These Nishiki models, though manufactured outside Japan (e.g., in Taiwan, by
379:
and Europe, WCC trademarked the brands for the USA. Early promotional material for
American Eagle and Nishiki lines often carried the tagline 'KB Bicycles' or simply 'KB' – signifying 'Kawamura-Built'. WCC continued also to market the bicycle brands of Mundo, Caloi, Windsor, Zeus, and
404:
After manufacture of
Nishiki bikes shifted to Giant, Kawamura continued manufacturing bicycles for the Japanese and European markets (including private label bikes for Takara, Schwinn, and others), to be subsequently acquired by the sporting goods company
392:
in the late 1980s made
Japanese-manufactured bicycles far more expensive and less competitive in the United States, leading WCC to move Nishiki production to Giant of Taiwan. Leo Cohen and his associates later sold West Coast Cycle to Medalist – with
238:—itself a line of Japanese-manufactured bicycles that were specified, distributed and marketed by Western States Imports (WSI), a U.S. company similar to West Coast Cycle. Japanese-manufactured bikes succeeded in the U.S. market until
342:
WCC wanted a new, Japanese name that was easy to pronounce, with an inoffensive translation – and a name not easily mispronounced for comic or derisive effect. Cohen held a contest with Kawamura factory workers for Japanese names, choosing
387:
Howie Cohen served as President of WCC from 1965 until his retirement in 1976, with WCC subsequently operated by his brother, Leo Jr. and outside investors. Through the 1980s WCC continued to sell Nishiki bikes produced by Kawamura.
304:
When Cohen Sr. died in 1963, Howie Cohen traveled to Japan to find new sources for bicycles, and especially, a Japanese bicycle factory capable of producing high quality bikes that would be welcomed by U.S.
339:
brand. WCC sold tens of thousands of American Eagle bikes before changing the name – when a customer suggested it was disingenuous to put such an American-sounding name on a Japanese product.
455:
said he was "a hugely influential figure in developing the U.S. BMX market and arguably the first person to bring high-quality Asian-made bikes to America." retired from Lomita, California.
104:
1913:
1120:
301:) – with their daughter Louise and sons Leo Jr. and Howie (Howard Sherwin Cohen). Howie Cohen subsequently took over the business, followed by his brother.
843:
ZZZZZ is a five or six digit number, possibly representing a sequential frame manufacturing number for the year (or era in the case of pre 1975 frames).
903:
2074:
1922:
1880:
46:
488:, Olmo or Viner) often carried the name Nashiki and some of the same model names as had been used on the Kuwahara-built bicycles. The brand name
840:
Y is the last digit of the manufacturing calendar year (A =1, B = 2, C = 3... J = 0. Exception is letter S, used on all frames prior to 1975).
837:
X is the market (A = Australia, C = Canada (pre 1987), E = Europe, K = USA (pre 1985) + non-ferrous frames 1986–1988), W = USA (1985–1987)).
1906:
1113:
1044:
332:
and others. Cohen travelled to Japan 8-10 times per year while developing his brands (American Eagle, Nishiki, Azuki and CyclePro).
968:
1899:
1106:
865:
With a date code generally stamped on the dropout on the drive side of the bike, these frames used a two part serial number in a
207:
1009:
2064:
1030:
2069:
1761:
1093:
424:
brand name, developing the first major BMX distributorship – and ultimately supplying Kuwahara bicycles for the 1982 movie
285:
in Minneapolis, later moving to Los Angeles in 1946 to purchase an existing retail bicycle store, Atlas Cycle, renaming it
1711:
1646:
951:
1792:
17:
397:
eventually acquiring the rights from West Coast Cycle to market bikes under the Nishiki brand in the United States.
289:. The Cohens subsequently founded a bicycle, parts and accessory distribution company in the late 1950s, naming it
912:
71:
1506:
1236:
309:
and the bicycling community; bicycles that would be able to compete with American and European-built bicycles.
401:
and early in 1989 no more bicycles supplied by Giant. The evidence for this is in the frame serial numbers.
265:
rights to the Nishiki brand for the U.S. market and began marketing Nishiki-branded bicycles and accessories.
823:
Serial Numbers for Nishiki bikes were decoded by Tom Marshall, using a trial and error database methodology.
1641:
1626:
1451:
1291:
1191:
1181:
507:
Currently (2013), Nishiki Europe, an unrelated group of European distributors markets bicycle models in
1941:
1566:
1541:
1386:
434:
425:
223:
389:
239:
1852:
1681:
492:
was retired by Derby in 2001 in North America. As of 2010, Nishiki-branded bicycles, manufactured by
2079:
1716:
1706:
1621:
1536:
1486:
1401:
497:
438:
381:
376:
258:
320:, Araya, Dia-Compe, Kashima, Kusuki, Kyokuto (KKT), Mikashima (MKS), Mitsuboshi, Taihei, Sanshin,
2043:
1666:
1631:
1471:
1441:
1426:
1366:
1331:
1286:
1231:
476:
195:
136:
American Eagle Bikes, American Bicyclist Magazine, with 'KB Bicycles' signifying 'Kawamura-Built'
242:
in the late 1980s made them less competitive, leading companies to source bicycles from Taiwan.
1736:
1571:
1406:
1361:
1281:
93:
45:
logo, which was largely identical and featured an eagle head along with the tri-color square.
1721:
1661:
1346:
1141:
316:
Cohen also created working relationships with Japanese bicycle parts manufacturers including
98:
1971:
1771:
1756:
1746:
1691:
1516:
1321:
1216:
1161:
986:
8:
1766:
1671:
1461:
1151:
908:
481:
417:
235:
160:
972:
1751:
1581:
1351:
1311:
406:
807:
Ultra Tour (uncatalogued, possibly specified by one store in Southern California, USA)
281:
was founded by Leo Cohen Sr. and RosaBelle Cohen who had previously been partners in
129:
1956:
1731:
1551:
1501:
1391:
1206:
1156:
191:
1992:
1857:
1696:
1376:
1186:
1085:
for the European company (Denmark, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, Spain and Sweden)
1013:
335:
Cohen placed his initial order for 570 bikes with Kawamura, selling them under the
231:
211:
1496:
219:
1891:
1797:
1726:
1686:
1651:
1576:
1098:
1068:
853:
Example 2: CG23117 is the 23,117th frame produced in 1977 for the Canadian market
532:
501:
317:
306:
262:
215:
1822:
1701:
1466:
1301:
1196:
199:
429:
parent company. In 1992, Cohen returned to the bicycle industry to assist the
2058:
1802:
1591:
1561:
1526:
1431:
1381:
1341:
1256:
1241:
1221:
1166:
368:
53:
2023:
1832:
1676:
1556:
1521:
1481:
1456:
1416:
1356:
898:
856:
Example 3: WE54612 is the 54,612th frame produced in 1985 for the US market
850:
Example 1: KA24587 is the 24,587th frame produced in 1981 for the US market
493:
348:
2013:
1936:
1827:
1812:
1787:
1656:
1586:
1511:
1446:
1436:
1411:
1396:
1336:
1316:
1261:
1146:
464:
430:
394:
1057:
954:. Bicycle Industry and Retailer News, Steve Frothingham, August 1, 1999.
1961:
1807:
1636:
1266:
1246:
1171:
536:
472:
203:
82:
75:
151:
in the United States, initially manufactured by Kawamura Cycle Co. in
1951:
1476:
1421:
1326:
1306:
1276:
175:
1088:
30:
1847:
1842:
1817:
1606:
1491:
1296:
1251:
1201:
971:. Kickstand Magazine, James Burrus, August 15, 2009. Archived from
2038:
2028:
1997:
1741:
1546:
1176:
540:
528:
524:
512:
508:
485:
468:
467:
marketed bikes in the United States under the Nishiki as well as
329:
321:
250:
246:
227:
183:
110:
88:
2033:
2018:
1946:
1837:
1531:
520:
516:
356:
325:
254:
115:
989:. Bicycle Retailer and Industry News, Jason Norman, 5/29/2009.
1271:
1211:
364:
187:
156:
147:
of bicycles designed, specified, marketed and distributed by
144:
886:
Example: G0384 is a Giant-manufactured frame from March 1984
1987:
1862:
1596:
1226:
245:
As of 2013, Nishiki Europe was marketing bicycle models in
152:
433:
bike brand – 18 months later brokering the acquisition of
1082:
363:
for the secondary bicycle line (after the sweetened, red
163:
of Taiwan. The bicycles were first marketed under the
519:. Nishiki bikes had previously been also marketed in
293:. They operated the company — widely known as
347:for WCC's primary, nationwide line of bikes (after
1921:
1128:
1012:. American Bicycle Association BMX. Archived from
904:List of bicycle brands and manufacturing companies
810:Ultra Tour 18 (probable successor to Gran Tour 15)
646:Gran Tour 15 (probable precursor to Ultra Tour 18)
273:
125:handlebars, saddle, chrome cable guides, rear rack
27:American bicycle brand name, not a bicycle company
952:"A lifetime in the Bicycle Industry, Howie Cohen"
2056:
1045:"Beloved industry figure Howie Cohen, 74, dies"
1031:"Bicycles Appear Everywhere in Collectors Home"
1907:
1114:
765:Seral (uncatalogued, spec'd like Continental)
504:rights to the Nishiki Bike brand in the U.S.
496:were available for sale again in the U.S. at
313:example, under the brand name 'Royce Union'.
178:of the 1970s and into the 1980s, Nishiki and
167:brand beginning in 1965 and later under the
1025:
1023:
420:to build and import BMX bikes carrying the
182:competed with domestic companies including
1914:
1900:
1121:
1107:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
66:Manufacturer: Kawamura Cycles, Kobe, Japan
1051:
946:
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
827:Kawamura manufactured frames (1972–1987):
687:Maxima (possibly uncataloged, frame only)
2075:Cycle manufacturers of the United States
1020:
451:When Howie Cohen died on July 11, 2013,
128:
52:
41:The early Nishiki logo derived from the
29:
993:
963:
961:
915:for Nishiki of Japan for several years.
879:YY = year (80 = 1980, 81 = 1981, etc.).
863:Giant manufactured frames (1980-1986*):
14:
2057:
979:
925:
876:MM = month (01 = Jan, 02 = Feb, etc.).
412:Howie Cohen later founded the company
1895:
1102:
1037:
759:Saga (Cunningham Design drop bar ATB)
1069:Japanese Bicycles in the U.S. Market
1062:
958:
987:"Southern California Retrospective"
390:International currency fluctuations
101:: Dia-compe, single pivot side-pull
24:
1047:. Bicycle Retailer, July 12, 2013.
1033:. The NewsPress, December 8, 1989.
829:These frames used a serial number
25:
2091:
1076:
818:
640:Fusion (Aluminum time-trial bike)
1876:
1875:
1605:
355:thread often woven into wedding
206:—as well as other nascent
913:original equipment manufacturer
291:West Coast Cycle Supply Company
274:West Coast Cycle and the Cohens
194:; European companies including
68:U.S. Importer: West Coast Cycle
1923:Japanese bicycle manufacturers
1129:American bicycle manufacturers
804:Ultima (possibly uncatalogued)
610:Cervino (possibly uncataloged)
13:
1:
919:
652:International (earlier named
2065:Cycle manufacturers of Japan
7:
2070:Mountain bike manufacturers
892:
777:Stony Point (mountain bike)
637:Expedition (made in Taiwan)
287:Playrite Bicycle Supply Co.
10:
2096:
649:Hill Razer (24" Kids' ATB)
619:Comp, Comp II and Comp III
435:Gary Fisher Mountain Bikes
268:
107:27 x 1.25, 36 count spokes
58:1977 Nishiki International
2006:
1980:
1929:
1871:
1780:
1614:
1603:
1134:
768:Semi-Pro (American Eagle)
717:Olympiad (American Eagle)
546:
484:and possibly in Italy by
463:From 1989 through 2001,
458:
439:Trek Bicycle Corporation
377:Japanese Domestic Market
307:independent bike dealers
79:Fork: high-tensile steel
2044:Tange International Co.
1287:Independent Fabrication
1089:Nishiki Bicycle History
969:"Bicycles in his blood"
665:Kokushi (later renamed
500:. Dick's had obtained
283:Wheel Goods Corporation
123:Non-standard equipment:
1662:Gormully & Jeffery
720:Olympic, Olympic Royal
159:, and subsequently by
137:
126:
50:
1237:Ellsworth Handcrafted
498:Dick's Sporting Goods
259:Dick's Sporting Goods
240:currency fluctuations
132:
56:
33:
1292:International Surrey
1010:"Early BMX Pioneers"
174:Throughout the U.S.
1767:Western Wheel Works
909:Giant Manufacturing
771:Sport, Custom Sport
465:Derby International
414:Everything Bicycles
395:Derby International
371:as the Azuki logo.
134:1971 advertisement:
62:Ten speed road bike
39:Early Nishiki Logo:
975:on April 30, 2010.
171:brand until 2001.
138:
127:
120:Seat stem: LaPrade
87:Front Derailleur:
51:
2052:
2051:
1889:
1888:
1542:Turner Suspension
1058:A Nishiki History
447:HowieBikeMan.com.
367:bean), using the
35:Nishiki headbadge
18:Nishiki (bicycle)
16:(Redirected from
2087:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1893:
1892:
1879:
1878:
1609:
1572:Wilderness Trail
1123:
1116:
1109:
1100:
1099:
1083:Official Website
1071:
1066:
1060:
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1049:
1048:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1018:
1017:
1006:
991:
990:
983:
977:
976:
965:
956:
955:
948:
911:- Giant was the
453:Bicycle Retailer
295:West Coast Cycle
279:West Coast Cycle
180:West Coast Cycle
149:West Coast Cycle
21:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2080:Japanese brands
2055:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2002:
1976:
1925:
1920:
1890:
1885:
1867:
1776:
1610:
1601:
1487:Shinola Detroit
1130:
1127:
1094:Nishiki Gallery
1079:
1074:
1067:
1063:
1056:
1052:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1008:
1007:
994:
985:
984:
980:
967:
966:
959:
950:
949:
926:
922:
895:
833:format where:
821:
816:
549:
533:the Netherlands
461:
416:, working with
276:
271:
208:Japanese brands
124:
122:
121:
119:
113:
108:
102:
97:
92:
86:
85:Suntour Cyclone
80:
78:
69:
67:
65:
64:
60:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2093:
2083:
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2072:
2067:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
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1933:
1931:
1927:
1926:
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1911:
1904:
1896:
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1872:
1869:
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1860:
1855:
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1820:
1815:
1810:
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1800:
1795:
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1778:
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1459:
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1444:
1439:
1437:Ritchey Design
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
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1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
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1179:
1174:
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1138:
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1126:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1078:
1077:External links
1075:
1073:
1072:
1061:
1050:
1036:
1019:
1016:on 2008-08-16.
992:
978:
957:
923:
921:
918:
917:
916:
906:
901:
894:
891:
890:
889:
888:
887:
881:
880:
877:
874:
867:G MM YY format
860:
859:
858:
857:
854:
851:
845:
844:
841:
838:
820:
819:Serial Numbers
817:
815:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
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545:
482:Giant Bicycles
460:
457:
337:American Eagle
275:
272:
270:
267:
165:American Eagle
74:, plain gauge
47:Kawamura Cycle
43:American Eagle
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2092:
2081:
2078:
2076:
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2071:
2068:
2066:
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2060:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
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1973:
1970:
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1897:
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1882:
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1873:
1870:
1864:
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1849:
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1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
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1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
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1801:
1799:
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1642:E. C. Stearns
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556:Aero, Aero II
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445:his website,
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369:chrysanthemum
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351:and the gold
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94:Stem Shifters
90:
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44:
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36:
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19:
2024:Inoue Rubber
1966:
1833:L.H. Thomson
1522:Terrible One
1407:Quintana Roo
1371:
1064:
1053:
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1014:the original
981:
973:the original
899:Saga Nishiki
866:
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726:Professional
666:
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628:Custom Sport
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494:Accell Group
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349:Saga Nishiki
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61:
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2014:Bridgestone
1988:Koga Miyata
1937:Bridgestone
1657:Gary Fisher
1507:Specialized
1447:Rhoades Car
1217:Diamondback
1207:Cycle Force
1147:Bike Friday
869:, where:
798:Trim Master
747:Road Master
732:Race Master
625:Continental
622:Competition
574:Arrow Speed
431:Gary Fisher
257:. In 2010,
220:Bridgestone
2059:Categories
2007:Components
1781:Components
1672:Iron Horse
1637:Clark-Kent
1552:Van Dessel
1517:TerraCycle
1462:Santa Cruz
1452:Roadmaster
1172:Cannondale
920:References
873:G = Giant.
786:Team Issue
780:Super-five
744:Road Compe
711:NFS Altron
643:Gran Sport
634:Crossroads
613:Citi Sport
598:Bushwhaker
592:Bombardier
537:Luxembourg
328:, Takagi,
210:including
204:Motobecane
118:Super Maxy
83:Derailleur
37:(c.1977).
1952:Panasonic
1853:Speedplay
1798:Bontrager
1582:Yamaguchi
1567:Waterford
1442:Rivendell
1347:Milwaukee
1327:Litespeed
1307:K2 Sports
1277:Hutch BMX
1222:Dynacraft
1187:Co-Motion
1182:Centurion
795:Triathlon
750:Rockhound
705:NFS Alpha
583:Backroads
580:Barbarian
502:licensing
263:licensing
236:Centurion
224:Panasonic
176:bike boom
96:: Suntour
1957:Nagasawa
1942:Kuwahara
1881:Category
1848:SureStop
1843:RockShox
1818:Fyxation
1757:Sterling
1687:Kogswell
1652:Fat City
1622:American
1577:Worksman
1492:Softride
1392:Priority
1352:Mongoose
1297:Italvega
1252:Fyxation
1202:Cruzbike
1192:Columbia
1162:Brooklyn
1157:Bohemian
893:See also
813:Westwood
801:Ultimate
723:Prestige
708:NFS Beta
699:Mountain
693:Meridian
690:Medalist
681:Manitoba
678:Maricopa
659:Katmandu
616:Colorado
562:Alouette
422:Kuwahara
418:Kuwahara
359:) – and
2039:SunTour
2029:Shimano
1998:SunTour
1981:Defunct
1967:Nishiki
1930:Current
1752:Stelber
1742:Serotta
1732:Rambler
1722:Overman
1712:Monarch
1667:Indiana
1632:Chicago
1615:Defunct
1547:Univega
1527:Tommaso
1472:Schwinn
1467:Santana
1427:Redline
1402:Quality
1382:Pacific
1372:Nishiki
1317:Kestrel
1257:Gendron
1232:Electra
1197:Cortina
1177:Catrike
1152:Bilenky
1135:Current
831:XYZZZZZ
783:Superbe
762:Sebring
741:Riviera
714:Odyssey
696:Modulus
654:Kokusai
607:Century
604:Cascade
601:Carrera
586:Bel Air
568:Anasazi
559:Alamosa
541:Estonia
529:Germany
525:Belgium
513:Finland
509:Denmark
490:Nishiki
486:Colnago
477:Raleigh
469:Univega
353:Nishiki
345:Nishiki
330:Suntour
322:Shimano
269:History
251:Finland
247:Denmark
228:Univega
200:Peugeot
196:Raleigh
184:Schwinn
169:Nishiki
141:Nishiki
114:Crank:
111:Shimano
91:Cyclone
89:Suntour
76:Cromoly
70:Frame:
2034:Sugino
2019:CatEye
1972:Yamaha
1947:Miyata
1838:Lezyne
1803:Burley
1772:Wright
1762:Stover
1747:Shelby
1727:Pocket
1717:Murray
1707:Merlin
1692:LeMond
1562:Volagi
1532:Torker
1377:Novara
1167:Calfee
789:Timbuk
756:Safari
753:Royale
729:Pueblo
702:Navajo
684:Marina
675:Linear
672:Landau
662:Kodiak
631:Cresta
589:Blazer
577:Arroyo
553:Apache
547:Models
539:, and
521:Norway
517:Sweden
515:, and
475:, and
407:Mizuno
382:Mondia
357:kimono
326:Sugino
255:Sweden
253:, and
212:Miyata
192:Murray
190:, and
116:Sugino
109:Hubs:
103:Rims:
99:Brakes
72:Lugged
1993:Lotus
1828:Hayes
1808:Coker
1702:Melon
1697:Lotus
1682:Klein
1647:Eagle
1557:Villy
1512:Surly
1482:Seven
1457:Salsa
1422:Razor
1367:Niner
1357:Moots
1337:Marin
1332:Magna
1302:Jamis
1272:Huffy
1212:Dahon
792:Tri-A
774:sTORM
738:Regal
735:Rally
595:Bravo
571:Ariel
565:Alien
459:Derby
365:Azuki
361:Azuki
318:Asahi
232:Lotus
188:Huffy
161:Giant
157:Japan
145:brand
143:is a
105:Araya
81:Rear
1962:Fuji
1863:Zipp
1858:SRAM
1823:Giro
1788:Bell
1737:Ross
1597:Zigo
1592:Yuba
1587:Yeti
1537:Trek
1502:SOMA
1497:Solé
1417:Rans
1397:Pure
1387:Pope
1362:Next
1342:Masi
1322:Kona
1312:Kent
1282:Ibis
1267:Haro
1247:Fuji
1242:Felt
1227:DYNO
473:Haro
426:E.T.
297:(or
234:and
216:Fuji
202:and
153:Kobe
1813:Fox
1793:BTI
1677:JMC
1627:AMF
1412:R+E
437:by
299:WCC
2061::
1477:SE
1262:GT
1022:^
995:^
960:^
927:^
543:.
535:,
531:,
527:,
523:,
511:,
471:,
441:.
409:.
384:.
324:,
249:,
230:,
226:,
222:,
218:,
214:,
198:,
186:,
155:,
1915:e
1908:t
1901:v
1122:e
1115:t
1108:v
669:)
656:)
20:)
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