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millions of acres from native peoples and attempted to establish the Treaty of
Medicine Creek with Chief Leschi of the Nisqually people. The treaty proposed was declined by Leschi due to the small amounts of land they would receive from it as well as the treaty requiring the Nisqually people to move away from Medicine creek to less livable and isolated shrubland. It is firmly believed by many that Stevens’ laws and actions in the war heavily influenced the retaliation of the Nisqually natives in the Puget Sound Indian war due to his mistreatment of the Native Nisqually and the middling and unsurvivable land he assigned them. After the Puget Sound Indian War had ceased, the native Nisqually tribesmen were assigned a new reservation back alongside the river but survival was still difficult due to the restricted sizes of their reservations as well as the U.S. military’s confiscation of 3,000 acres of their land for the creation of the Fort Lewis Military Reserve. Many Natives began to leave the reserves in search of better opportunities and homes elsewhere and from the beginning of the 20th century until the 1940s the US government controlled the education of Nisqually youth in attempts to assimilate them into white American culture.
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people had neither the opportunity nor the funds to fight the government’s acquisition of their lands. When the war ended in 1918, the
Nisqually people petitioned for their land to be returned to them, as the fort no longer needed to train troops for the war. The request was denied by Newton Baker, President Wilson’s Secretary of War. Cannon and artillery fire from the fort could be heard from the Nisqually reservation for the better part of the next century.
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On
September 9, 1946, the tribe's constitution and bylaws were approved. The constitution was amended in 1994. The governing body of the Tribe is the General Council comprising all enrolled tribal members 18 years of age or older. The day-to-day business and economic affairs of the tribe are overseen
397:
The
Nisqually have always been a fishing people. The salmon has not only been the mainstay of their diet, but the foundation of their culture as well. The Nisqually Tribe is the prime steward of the Nisqually River fisheries resources, and operate two fish hatcheries: one on Clear Creek and one on
393:
The
Nisqually people have lived in the watershed for thousands of years. According to legend, the Squalli-absch (ancestors of the modern Nisqually Indian Tribe), came north from the Great Basin, crossed the Cascade Mountain Range and erected their first village in a basin now known as Skate Creek,
374:
When building Ft. Lewis in 1917, the United States government wanted to control land for the project that rightfully belonged to the
Nisqually people. The War Department negotiated a price of $ 25 per acre to be paid to the natives for the land the U.S. deemed necessary for the fort. The Nisqually
401:
The
Nisqually Tribe is located on the Nisqually River in rural Thurston County, 15 miles (24 km) east of Olympia, Washington. As of the year 2005, the tribe had a service area population of 5,719 Native Americans, 600 of whom reside on the reservation. An additional 5,119 service population
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In the 1840s
European settlers began to migrate into Nisqually territory. The numbers of settlers gradually grew and the Nisqually people were originally peaceful with the settlers until the actions of territorial governor Isaac Stevens in 1853. Stevens terminated Indian land rights and took
413:
On
September 30, 1884, land was set aside and divided into one-family allotments on both sides of the Nisqually River. The land did not include the river. The people lived in peace for a while harvesting fish from the river and growing potatoes on the prairie tracts.
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of
December 26, 1854. The reservation consisted of 1,280 acres (5.2 km²) on Puget Sound. On January 20, 1856, an executive order enlarged it to 4,717 acres (19.1 km²) on both sides of the Nisqually River.
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members live off the reservation in Thurston and Pierce Counties. Tribal land holdings, on and near the Nisqually reservation, exceed 1,000 acres (4 km²)—all of which has been reacquired since 1986.
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Carpenter, Cecelia Svinth. Fort Nisqually: A Documented History of Indian and British Interaction. Tacoma, WA: Tahoma Research Service, 1986.
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Carpenter, Cecelia Svinth. Leschi: Last Chief of the Nisquallies. Orting, WA (P.O. Box 40, Orting 98360): Copies from Heritage Quest, 1986.
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285:, it had a resident population of 588 persons, all in the Thurston County portion, on the southwest side of the Nisqually River.
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just outside the Nisqually River Watershed's southern boundary. Later, a major village would be located near the Mashel River.
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Reese, Gary Fuller. Leschi, the Officers and the Citizens. Tacoma, WA: Tacoma Public Library, 1986.
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by a tribal council composed of seven tribal members elected by the tribe’s voting membership.
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The Nisqually Indians originally inhabited the interior woodlands and coastal waters from
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LaBeck, Paula, and Dan Morris. Who Is the Native American? Spokane, WA: Inland Register.
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Fish, both fresh and smoked, is an important staple in Nisqually cuisine, especially
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The Bitter Waters of Medicine Creek: A Tragic Clash Between White and Native America
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Interactions Between European Settlers and the Nisqually People
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652:. Seattle, WA: Historical Society of Seattle and King County.
625:. Seattle, WA: Lowman & Hanford Stationery and Print. Co.
722:
A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples
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495:(1931–2014), environmental leader and treaty rights activist
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The Nisqually speak a subdialect of the southern dialect of
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Pioneer Reminiscences of Puget Sound, the Tragedy of Leschi
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483:, and other wild plants are traditionally gathered.
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Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually Reservation
53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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405:The original reservation was established by the
288:The tribe moved onto their reservation east of
229:Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
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1164:Native American tribes in Washington (state)
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367:), took 3,353 acres (13.57 km) for the
300:engaged and were eventually defeated by the
1169:Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest
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724:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
113:Learn how and when to remove this message
595:. New York: Vintage Books. p. 252.
563:Denfeld, Duane Colt (January 16, 2008).
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234:The tribe lives on a reservation in the
648:Meeker, Ezra; Warren, James R. (1980).
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292:, in late 1854 with the signing of the
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475:were traditionally hunted for food.
141:Regions with significant populations
51:adding citations to reliable sources
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1056:Swinomish Indian Tribal Community
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527:Nisqually Reservation, Washington
343:, meaning "people of the grass."
238:valley near the river delta. The
337:. In Lushootseed, their name is
27:
1112:Port Madison Indian Reservation
702:
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565:"Fort Lewis, Part 1: 1917-1927"
38:needs additional citations for
1051:Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians
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304:in the conflict known as the
1107:Swinomish Indian Reservation
1061:Tulalip Tribes of Washington
240:Nisqually Indian Reservation
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1034:Federally recognized tribes
529:United States Census Bureau
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1046:Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe
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18:Nisqually (disambiguation)
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1081:Puyallup Tribe of Indians
1041:Upper Skagit Indian Tribe
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1076:Muckleshoot Indian Tribe
876:Salishan oral narratives
591:Kluger, Richard (2011).
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223:, formerly known as the
1071:Snoqualmie Indian Tribe
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1086:Nisqually Indian Tribe
760:Billy Frank's obituary
754:Nisqually Indian Tribe
742:Nisqually Indian Tribe
544:Nisqually Indian Tribe
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261:47.02000°N 122.65750°W
221:Nisqually Indian Tribe
211:. They are a Southern
1126:Non-recognized groups
1117:Nisqually Reservation
799:-speaking peoples of
650:The Tragedy of Leschi
407:Medicine Creek Treaty
386:
335:Coast Salish language
294:Medicine Creek Treaty
174:Related ethnic groups
1091:Squaxin Island Tribe
812:Lushootseed language
266:47.02000; -122.65750
217:federally recognized
181:Coast Salish peoples
47:improve this article
16:For other uses, see
886:Transformer/Changer
828:Lushootseed grammar
720:Pritzker, Barry M.
290:Olympia, Washington
257: /
130:
750:, official website
744:, official website
501:(1808–1858), chief
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371:Military Reserve.
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62:"Nisqually people"
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730:978-0-19-513877-1
602:978-0-307-38896-4
487:Notable Nisqually
215:people. They are
203:tribe in western
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1138:Steilacoom Tribe
969:Southern peoples
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209:United States
207:state in the
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193:/nɪsˈkwɔːliː/
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64: –
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58:Find sources:
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36:This article
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25:
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1100:Reservations
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708:Pritzker 205
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634:. Retrieved
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617:Meeker, Ezra
611:
592:
586:
574:. Retrieved
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547:. Retrieved
543:
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517:Pritzker 184
513:
499:Chief Leschi
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388:Chief Leschi
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350:
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308:in 1855–56.
298:Chief Leschi
287:
277:and eastern
233:
213:Coast Salish
189:
187:
125:Ethnic group
109:
103:January 2010
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
45:Please help
40:verification
37:
802:Puget Sound
796:Lushootseed
570:HistoryLink
540:"Home Page"
481:crab apples
473:sea mammals
435:, but also
357:Puget Sound
327:Lushootseed
283:2000 census
264: /
252:122°39′27″W
197:Lushootseed
1153:Categories
1021:Sahewamish
1011:Steilacoom
981:Snoqualmie
715:References
576:January 8,
549:2024-01-30
369:Fort Lewis
312:Government
249:47°01′12″N
205:Washington
199:-speaking
151:Washington
73:newspapers
1159:Nisqually
1016:Nisqually
1001:Suquamish
996:Sammamish
986:Shilshole
976:Skykomish
960:Snohomish
945:Kikiallus
935:Swinomish
658:762277459
631:667877082
461:Shellfish
281:. In the
190:Nisqually
168:Nisqually
158:Languages
129:Nisqually
1006:Puyallup
991:Duwamish
881:dukʷibəɬ
847:Southern
843:Northern
837:Dialects
636:June 21,
619:(1905).
453:sturgeon
441:eulachon
355:west to
329:(called
321:Language
227:and the
940:Nuwhaha
909:Peoples
869:Culture
821:Grammar
449:herring
445:halibut
427:Cuisine
379:History
347:Country
302:US Army
219:as the
164:English
87:scholar
930:Skagit
896:Ayahos
728:
656:
629:
599:
471:, and
455:, and
433:salmon
361:salmon
195:are a
179:other
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
506:Notes
477:Camas
457:trout
242:, at
94:JSTOR
80:books
950:Sauk
726:ISBN
654:OCLC
638:2013
627:OCLC
597:ISBN
578:2024
465:deer
188:The
66:news
469:elk
437:cod
49:by
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567:.
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91:·
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