Nonviolent resistance

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celebrate the Day of Ashura. Shia are prohibited from becoming teachers of religious subjects, which constitute about half of the courses in secondary education. Shia cannot become principals of schools. Some Shia have become university professors but often face harassment from students and faculty alike. Shia are disqualified as witnesses in court, as Saudi Sunni sources cite the Shi'a practise of Taqiyya wherein it is permissible to lie while one is in fear or at risk of significant persecution. Shia cannot serve as judges in ordinary court, and are banned from gaining admission to military academies, and from high-ranking government or security posts, including becoming pilots in Saudi Airlines. Amir Taheri quotes a Shi'ite businessman from Dhahran as saying "It is not normal that there are no Shi'ite army officers, ministers, governors, mayors and ambassadors in this kingdom. This form of religious apartheid is as intolerable as was apartheid based on race. In October 2011, during the 2011–12 Saudi Arabian protests, al-Nimr said that young people protesting in response to the arrests of two al-Awamiyah septuagenarians were provoked by police firing at them with live ammunition. On 4 October, he called for calm, stating, "The authorities depend on bullets ... and killing and imprisonment. We must depend on the roar of the word, on the words of justice". He explained further, "We do not accept . This is not our practice. We will lose it. It is not in our favour. This is our approach . We welcome those who follow such attitude. Nonetheless, we cannot enforce our methodology on those who want to pursue different approaches do not commit to ours. The weapon of the word is stronger than the power of bullets."

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accepts punitive measures made on the part of the state against him in retaliation for the act. Since acts of nonviolent political resistance need not satisfy any of these criteria, Lang argues that the two categories of action cannot be identified with one another. Furthermore, civil disobedience is a form of political action which necessarily aims at reform, rather than revolution. Its efforts are typically directed at the disputing of particular laws or groups of laws while conceding the authority of the government responsible for them. In contrast, political acts of nonviolent resistance can have revolutionary ends. According to Lang, civil disobedience need not be nonviolent, although the extent and intensity of the violence is limited by the non-revolutionary intentions of the persons engaging in civil disobedience. Lang argues the violent resistance by citizens being forcibly relocated to detentions, short of the use of lethal violence against representatives of the state, could plausibly count as civil disobedience but could not count as nonviolent resistance.

52: 659:. After 1848, the empire instituted several constitutional reforms, trying to resolve the problem, but without success. The resistance was instrumental in keeping up hope and spirit in a Hungary fully incorporated into Austria and characterized by reprisals against political dissidents, thousands of treason trials, military governance, centralization, absolutism, censorship and direct control of Vienna over every aspect of public life. Their followers carefully avoided any political agitation or criticism of the establishment, and strictly concentrated on national issues of non-political nature, such as the use of the 3088: 3096: 20: 9103: 32: 2702:. Over one million people nonviolently resisted police brutal force. Started in Istanbul, protests spread in 10 days to over 82 cities of Turkey. Significant violence from the police side was manifested by use of tear gas and rubber bullets. Many people were arrested, including haphazard arrests of people simply standing at the square. 1773:, the Czechoslovak citizens responded to the attack on their sovereignty with passive resistance. Russian troops were frustrated as street signs were painted over, their water supplies mysteriously shut off, and buildings decorated with flowers, flags, and slogans like, "An elephant cannot swallow a hedgehog". 2478:

appeared to be his call for demonstrations. In early February, Gaddafi, on behalf of the Jamahiriya, met with political activists, journalists and media figures and warned them that they would be held responsible if they disturbed the peace or created chaos in Libya. The plans to protest were inspired by the

1945:

that caused her house arrest and thousands killed and jailed and tortured by the military, the struggle continues more than two decades. Despite many victims and painful process (including annulled winning of 1990 election), it was happily ended by the victory of opposition party on 2015 election and

833:

in 1880. Boycott attempted to evict eleven tenants from his land. While Parnell's speech did not refer to land agents or landlords, the tactic was applied to Boycott when the alarm was raised about the evictions. Despite the short-term economic hardship to those undertaking this action, Boycott soon

324:

Although nonviolent movements can maintain broader public legitimacy by refraining from violence, some segments of society may perceive protest movements as being more violent than they really are when they disagree with the social goals of the movement. A great deal of work has addressed the factors

2622:

Protests resumed after lifting emergency law on 1 June, and several large rallies were staged by the opposition parties, including a march on 9 March 2012 attended by over 100,000. Smaller-scale protests and clashes outside of the capital have continued to occur almost daily. More than 80 people had

2158:

signed the "lex specialis", which accepted the opposition victory and instated local government in several cities, but without acknowledging any wrongdoing. The protests were strongest in the capital Belgrade, where they gathered up to 200,000 people, but spread over most cities and towns in Serbia.

1519:

were prominent leaders of this movement, and were inspired by the nonviolent resistance of Gandhi. One study found that nonviolent activism of the era tended to produce favorable media coverage and changes in public opinion focusing on the issues organizers were raising, but violent protests tended

2800:

Peaceful demonstrations organized primarily by civilians, without any specific leaders, followed by outbreak of civil disobedience and people occupying Marina shore in Chennai and other prominent places across the state, demanding permanent solution for Jallikattu by passing permanent ordinance to

2477:

revolutions. He was arrested on 1 February by plain-clothes police officers, and charged on 3 February with injuring someone with his car. Amnesty International stated that because al-Hajji had previously been imprisoned for his nonviolent political opinions, the real reason for the present arrest

2274:

had received advance notice of the action, opening traffic intersections proved extremely difficult. Eventually, over 400 demonstrators were arrested, including many juveniles. Further large demonstrations planned to commence when Israeli authorities, preparing for disengagement, cut off access to

3078:

argues against the conflation of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience on the grounds that the necessary conditions for an act instancing civil disobedience are: (1) that the act violates the law, (2) that the act is performed intentionally, and (3) that the actor anticipates and willingly

1284:, the Danish government adopted a policy of official co-operation (and unofficial obstruction) which they called "negotiation under protest." Embraced by many Danes, the unofficial resistance included slow production, emphatic celebration of Danish culture and history, and bureaucratic quagmires. 2883:

100-day peaceful demonstration against Sterlite Copper Corporation in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu. Despite pollution control regulatory and environmental research institute reports along with apex court orders to shut down the industry, smelting operations were continued. Public demanded state to stop

582:

by 1840. In 1834 at an address by the Governor at Government House about the new laws, an unarmed group of mainly elderly people of African descent began chanting: "Pas de six ans. Point de six ans" ("No six years. Not at all six years"), drowning out the voice of the Governor. Peaceful protests

2658:

Shiite community leaders in Qatif announced that they would publicly celebrate the Day of Ashura festival, despite the fact that celebration of Shiite festivals was banned. Despite government threats to disperse protests, on 25 November 1979 4,000 Shiite in Safwa took to the streets to publicly

1089:

has criticised Israel for convicting an organiser of the peaceful movement and said that she was deeply concerned about the arrest of Abdullah Abu Rahmeh. There have been two fatalities among protesters and an American peace activist suffered brain damage after being hit by a tear gas canister.

834:

found himself isolated – his workers stopped work in the fields and stables, as well as in his house. Local businessmen stopped trading with him, and the local postman refused to deliver mail. The success of this led to the movement spreading throughout Ireland and gave rise to the term to

501:, led to a peaceful demonstration of 60,000–80,000 persons, including women and children. The demonstration was organized and rehearsed, with a "prohibition of all weapons of offence or defence" and exhortations to come "armed with no other weapon but that of a self-approving conscience". 743:, saying in 1881, "The killing of men must stop; the destruction of land must stop. I shall bury my patu in the earth and it shall not rise again ... Waikato, lie down. Do not allow blood to flow from this time on." This was inspirational to Waikato Māori who refused to fight in 2182:

as their course of action. In the course of two-year nonviolent struggle against Milosevic, Otpor spread across Serbia and attracted more than 70,000 supporters. They were credited for their role in the successful overthrow of Slobodan Milošević on 5 October 2000.

786:

were arrested and jailed, most without trial. Sentences as long as 16 months were handed out for the acts of ploughing land and erecting fences on their property. More than 2000 inhabitants remained seated when 1600 armed soldiers raided and destroyed the village.

2153:

The protests started November 17, 1996 in Niš where thousands of opposition supporters gathered to protest against election fraud. Belgrade University students joined on November 19, 1996, and protests lasted even after February 11, 1997, when

2395:. Protesters have used nonviolent tactics such as standing to block access to mine facilities and organizing community referendums, and they have been met with extreme violence from both the mine's private security and the Guatemalan state. 1319:. This was done in open defiance of the Vichy government's orders. It is estimated that the people of the area of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon saved between 3,000 and 5,000 Jews from certain death. A small garden and plaque on the grounds of the 1630:. Techniques of resistance included misrepresenting one's physical or mental condition to the draft board, disrupting draft board processes, going "underground", going to jail, leaving the country, and publicly promoting such activities. 1503:, and mass demonstrations, were used during the Civil Rights Movement. This movement succeeded in bringing about legislative change, making separate seats, drinking fountains, and schools for African Americans illegal, and obtaining full 4642: 2618:

was declared and protests paused after a brutal crackdown was launched against protesters, including doctors and bloggers. Nearly 3,000 people have been arrested, and at least five people died due to torture while in police custody.

1976:

A cycle of mass demonstrations featuring spontaneous singing in the three Baltic countries. The movement eventually collected 4,000,000 people who sang national songs and hymns, which were strictly forbidden during the years of the

2511:

began on March 15, 2011. Security forces responded with a harsh crackdown, arresting thousands of dissidents and killing hundreds of protesters. Peaceful protests were largely crushed by the army or subsided as rebels and

3038:

Ongoing peaceful protests all over the country & worldwide (among nonresident Pakistanis especially UK & USA) against the alleged foreign conspiracy & military backed government and demanding fresh elections.

1650:

A tense standoff and potential riot between hundreds of LAPD riot gear-laden police officers and swelling crowds of more than four hundred homosexual citizens was averted after a last minute plea from then new Governor

2468:

began on January 13, 2011. In late January, Jamal al-Hajji, a writer, political commentator and accountant, "call on the Internet for demonstrations to be held in support of greater freedoms in Libya" inspired by the

759:

were exempt) but they continued to resist, the majority of conscripts choosing to suffer harsh military punishments rather than join the army. For the duration of the war, no Tainui soldiers were sent overseas.

2227:

A pro-Western peaceful change of power in Georgia in November 2003. The revolution was brought about by widespread protests over the disputed parliamentary elections and culminated in the ousting of President

1936: 1227:

Nonviolent resistance marked by rejecting British imposed taxes, boycotting British manufactured products and mass strikes, led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) and the Indian National Congress.

2177:

Otpor! (English: Resistance!) was a civic youth movement that existed as such from 1998 until 2003 in Serbia (then a federal unit within FR Yugoslavia), employing nonviolent struggle against the regime of

325:

that lead to violent mobilization, but less attention has been paid to understanding why disputes become violent or nonviolent, comparing these two as strategic choices relative to conventional politics.

1081:

In 2010, A "White Intifada" took hold in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Activities included weekly peaceful protests by Palestinian activists accompanied by Israeli human rights organization

2085: 1311:

and Edouard Theis, the citizens of the village of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon (and of the neighbouring areas) risked their lives to hide Jews who were being rounded up by the Nazis and the collaborationist

4235: 813:

proposed that when dealing with tenants who took farms where another tenant was evicted, rather than resorting to violence, everyone in the locality should shun them. Following this Captain

423:

by religious Jews). Pilate surrounded the Jewish protesters with soldiers and threatened them with death, to which they replied that they were willing to die rather than see the laws of the

1151:(Servants of God). The organization recruited over 250,000 unarmed members. They committed daily two hours community service and practiced nonviolence resistance to British Raj occupation. 2835:

On October 1, 2017, an illegal referendum was held on the independence of Catalonia. 2,286,217 people participated. During the celebration the police forces acted hard against the voters.

1946:

Aung San Suu Kyi has elected as the country first state counsellor. Following the restoration of military rule in 2021, civil resistance has been used as part of campaigns for democracy.

1055: 2637: 609:

and therefore did not sell their livestock or goods, and did not pack anything to travel to the west before the soldiers came and forcibly removed them. That ended tragically in the

222:. Research shows that nonviolent campaigns diffuse spatially. Information on nonviolent resistance in one country could significantly affect nonviolent activism in other countries. 4680:

Adair, Bill; Kenny, Moira; and Samudio, Jeffrey B., 2000, Los Angeles Gay and Lesbian History Tour (single folded sheet with text). Center for Preservation Education and Planning.

97:. This type of action highlights the desires of an individual or group that feels that something needs to change to improve the current condition of the resisting person or group. 4256: 2275:

the Gaza Strip. During the confrontation, mass civil disobedience failed to emerge in Israel proper. However, some settlers and their supporters resisted evacuation nonviolently.

5090: 2413:

A chain of demonstrations against unemployment and government corruption in Tunisia began in December 2010. Protests were triggered by the self-immolation of vegetable seller

1698: 1881:

offered a wider group of citizens an alternative way of opposition against the authoritarian regime by means of a peaceful protest that used absurd and nonsensical elements.

9241: 3683: 914:

Unarmed demonstrators led by Father Georgy Gapon marched to the Winter Palace to present a petition to the Czar. They were fired upon by soldiers of the Imperial Guard.

5675: 6500: 2021:

Approximately two million people joined their hands on 23 August 1989 to form a human chain spanning 675.5 kilometres (419.7 mi) across the three Baltic states –

3642: 8861: 7146: 3355: 36: 6549: 8841: 4022: 3763: 4147: 8885: 4206: 2348: 4483: 4442: 3981: 1985:

to protect radio and TV stations from the Soviet tanks, eventually regaining Lithuania's, Latvia's, and Estonia's independence without almost any blood shed.

1733:

The protests that raged throughout 1968 were for the most part student-led. Worldwide, campuses became the front-line battle grounds for social change. While

8639: 6559: 5952: 4088: 1379:

or the August Movement) was a civil disobedience movement launched in India in August 1942 in response to Mohandas Gandhi's call for immediate independence.

475:. Due to this tradition of nonviolence, the entire population of 2000 people was enslaved, killed or cannibalized when 900 Māori invaded the island in 1835. 5455: 6809: 6534: 3612: 4043: 2746:

The activists protested the passing of the Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement (CSSTA) by occupying the Legislative Yuan from March 18 to 10 April 2014.

8933: 8781: 6388: 888:. By 1906, over 170 men had been imprisoned for this refusal, and yet no change to the law was made. The movement had a large share in the defeat of the 10609: 9088: 6474: 3530:

Hsiao, Yuan; Radnitz, Scott (18 August 2020). "Allies or Agitators? How Partisan Identity Shapes Public Opinion about Violent or Nonviolent Protests".

2232:, which marked the end of the Soviet era of leadership in the country. The event derives its name from the climactic moment, when demonstrators led by 1908: 3820: 3732: 3057:

A series of protests against COVID-19 lockdowns began in mainland China in November 2022. Protesters usually held blank sheets of paper as a symbol.

2255: 2249: 4227: 4696:

Faderman, Lillian and Timmons, Stuart (2006). Gay L.A.: a History of Sexual Outlaws, Power Politics, and Lipstick Lesbians. New York: Basic Books.

782:

became the center of passive resistance campaigns against Europeans occupying confiscated land in the area. More than 400 followers of the prophet

7392: 7283: 6703: 8938: 5017: 3194: 2764:

Student class boycotts and public demonstrations followed by spontaneous outbreak of civil disobedience and street occupation lasting 79 days.

1406: 1396: 1353:

of Norway's educational system, distributing of illegal newspapers, and maintaining social distance (an "ice front") from the German soldiers.

10172: 9823: 8846: 7184: 7103: 6403: 2725: 10466: 10212: 9865: 6607: 6581: 2499: 10197: 8816: 8811: 8599: 8581: 7313: 7222: 3199: 1023: 575: 51: 5575: 4729: 4260: 3792: 631:

A political movement that spanned over a century, where women protested in order to receive the right to suffrage in the United States.

11148: 10682: 10247: 10202: 10187: 9305: 7362: 7064: 6539: 5126: 5082: 4281: 3189: 3033: 2649: 2358: 4176: 1821:

of 1979 or 1979 Revolution (often known as the Islamic Revolution), refers to events involving the overthrow of Iran's monarchy under

10471: 10217: 8918: 7469: 7171: 6544: 6356: 5378: 1686: 4873: 2801:

support Jallikattu and to boycott foreign companies such as Pepsi, Coca-Cola as their water consumption is affecting local farmers.

10443: 10396: 10237: 10232: 9194: 9189: 9139: 8953: 8908: 8576: 7459: 7387: 7113: 6993: 6505: 6470: 4117: 3184: 2979: 626: 4746: 2439:

A chain of protests, sit-ins, and strikes by millions of Egyptians starting January 25, 2011 eventually led to the resignation of

183:, and many others. From 1966 to 1999, nonviolent civic resistance played a critical role in fifty of sixty-seven transitions from 10162: 9326: 8867: 7255: 6855: 6647: 6576: 5658: 4782: 4530: 368:

philosophical school disapproved of war. However, since they lived in a time of warring polities, they cultivated the science of

4575: 10614: 10604: 10371: 10242: 10182: 9423: 7233: 6622: 6174: 6088: 3431:"Learning about principles or prospects for success? An experimental analysis of information support for nonviolent resistance" 3015: 2196: 1978: 1770: 1680: 1104: 4504: 569: 11057: 10849: 8604: 6724: 6275: 5842: 5702: 5684: 5667: 5647: 5612: 5588: 5545: 5527: 5510: 5495: 5477: 5463: 5441: 5424: 5404: 5364: 5257: 4993: 4959: 4849: 4832: 4795: 4759: 4701: 4655: 4625: 4604: 4569: 4477: 4436: 4400: 4355: 4082: 4016: 3975: 3856: 3677: 3606: 2301:

and direct electoral fraud. Nationwide, the democratic revolution was highlighted by a series of acts of civil disobedience,

2080: 2074: 547:

to use nonviolent means to push the British government to pass Catholic emancipation, which culminated in the passing of the

4639: 4322: 3889: 2614:

were requested by the government and entered the country, which the opposition called an "occupation". The following day, a

865:

denominations in British school boards. Nonconformists believed this law to be calculated to support denominational (mainly

10854: 10574: 10564: 10139: 8990: 7454: 7402: 7348: 6750: 6627: 6480: 6432: 3329: 2915: 2830: 2529: 2294: 2293:

A series of protests and political events that took place in Ukraine in the immediate aftermath of the run-off vote of the

1432: 893: 5345:

Case, Clarence Marsh (1923). Non-violent Coercion: A Study in Methods of Social Pressure. Century. ISBN 978-0-598-49467-2.

11016: 10476: 10366: 10227: 8968: 7397: 7333: 6696: 4924: 3481: 2362: 2782:

Mass Stay Aways which were backed by a rigorous social media campaign to bring social and political change in Zimbabwe.

2459: 1659:

officers present to cease and desist from further unprovoked harassment of homosexuals in Los Angeles. As a result, the

10839: 10222: 7407: 7382: 7367: 7096: 6764: 6657: 6637: 6223: 6119: 5765: 5386: 5170: 3179: 3759: 3567:"Understanding strategic choice: The determinants of civil war and nonviolent campaign in self-determination disputes" 2270:. Protesters blocked several traffic intersections, resulting in massive gridlock and delays throughout Israel. While 509:

drawn, and in the ensuing confusion, 15 people were killed and 400–700 were injured. Newspapers expressed horror, and

11037: 10391: 10270: 10167: 8913: 8786: 7260: 7037: 6485: 6149: 5807: 5632: 5432: 4685: 4139: 3883: 2963: 2653: 1998: 108: 4874:"Summary/Observations – The 2006 State of World Liberty Index: Free People, Free Markets, Free Thought, Free Planet" 4198: 10639: 10584: 9541: 8948: 8690: 7161: 7048: 6564: 6554: 6169: 3664: 2148: 1589: 1533: 1072: 5208: 1085:

and Israeli academics and students against settlers and security forces. The EU, through its foreign policy chief

10336: 10154: 9408: 9310: 8975: 8963: 7439: 7377: 5937: 5932: 2354: 1855: 1841: 1161: 1144: 5603: 3760:"Resistance to conscription – Maori and the First World War | NZHistory.net.nz, New Zealand history online" 3633: 2819:

Peaceful demonstrations against President Park Geun-hye resulted the impeachment of the South Korean president.

2353:

A campaign to boycott Russian goods as a reaction to political pressure of Russian Federation to Ukraine in the

655:, the Hungarians tried to regain independence and were defeated by the Austrian Empire only with the aid of the 11097: 9848: 6689: 6512: 5852: 5802: 4047: 3593: 3293: 3174: 3074:. Each of these terms—nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience—has different connotations and commitments. 583:

continued until the passing of a resolution to abolish apprenticeship and the achievement of de facto freedom.

548: 10788: 5711:, Andrej Milivojevic, Slobodan Djinovic, "Nonviolent Struggle: 50 Crucial Points". Belgrade, Serbia: DMD, 2006 11185: 10559: 8985: 8928: 8727: 7069: 7042: 6860: 6652: 6527: 6114: 4713: 2897: 1734: 1660: 1559: 1508: 1486: 1340: 862: 664: 3787:

The New Zealand Wars: A History of the Maori Campaigns and the Pioneering Period: Volume II, 1922, page 478"

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further expansion plans as a continuum of response against ill effects of pollution caused by the smelter.

2814: 2795: 1593: 652: 646: 5186: 4296: 3738: 2516:

fighters took up arms against the government, leading to a full-blown rebellion against the Assad regime.

10930: 10381: 8880: 8614: 8375: 7372: 7338: 7318: 7202: 7081: 6788: 6602: 6426: 6144: 5827: 5415: 2997: 2601: 2434: 2034: 1706: 1575: 1241: 1222: 1117:. In addition to bringing about independence, Gandhi's nonviolence also helped improve the status of the 979: 973: 696: 543:

One of the first mass-membership political movements of Europe, the Catholic Association, was founded by

4951:

Environmental politics in Latin America : elite dynamics, the left tide and sustainable development

1697:

and property requirements), discrimination in employment, in public housing, policing; and abuse of the

11112: 10599: 9604: 8958: 8826: 8796: 7780: 7535: 7424: 7354: 6825: 6670: 6517: 6495: 6194: 6154: 5872: 5792: 5159: 5021: 3842: 2741: 2094: 1799:

took part in nonviolent resistance. The military expansion was canceled after ten years of resistance.

1512: 1275: 1250:, there were a series of small and usually isolated groups that used nonviolent techniques against the 1110: 1015: 995: 951: 40: 10793: 10741: 10306: 10301: 9856: 8624: 8455: 8425: 8360: 7845: 7484: 7464: 7434: 7343: 7277: 7250: 7216: 6959: 6740: 6569: 6522: 6490: 6184: 6129: 3152: 2715: 2579: 2206: 1500: 1402: 1068: 318: 233:

have pragmatically adopted the methods of nonviolent action as an effective way to achieve social or

120: 5573:

Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present

11195: 9875: 9712: 9184: 8525: 8485: 8010: 7915: 7323: 7272: 7265: 7238: 7178: 7059: 6969: 6893: 6445: 6378: 6248: 6228: 6211: 5867: 5560:. Originally New York: A.J. Muste Memorial Institute, 2001. No ISBN. Retrieved 22 December 2012. 5515: 3910: 3262: 2483: 2474: 1919:. Yellow was a predominant theme, the colour being associated with Corazon Aquino and her husband, 1627: 1114: 874: 707:. Old Czechs remained with their politics, but they lost decisive influence in the politics of the 4923:

International Center on Nonviolent Conflict; Shilue, James Suah; Galvanek, Janel B. (2023-06-13).

1109:

A series of nationwide people's movements of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience, led by

982:. It was carried out by Egyptians from different walks of life in the wake of the British-ordered 11144: 11067: 11047: 10804: 10594: 10429: 10356: 10275: 10119: 10044: 10024: 9948: 9838: 9677: 9125: 8875: 8290: 8060: 7725: 7705: 7620: 7575: 7151: 7108: 7091: 6929: 6898: 6850: 6771: 6438: 6124: 5927: 5857: 5623: 5183:"everywheretaksim.net – online archive of articles and data related to the Turkish protests 2013" 3169: 2852: 2418: 2179: 2155: 2135:, demanded the ousting of communist officials and called for independence from the Soviet Union. 1894: 881: 806: 610: 246: 124: 10996: 10844: 10482: 10386: 10361: 10346: 10280: 10079: 10074: 9453: 9393: 9346: 9199: 9164: 8330: 8065: 8050: 8045: 7920: 7775: 7615: 7560: 7130: 6980: 6903: 6874: 6836: 6415: 6409: 6238: 6139: 5822: 5758: 5594: 5563: 4392: 3875:

The Quest for National Efficiency: a Study in British Politics and Political Thought, 1899–1914

3217: 2931: 2645: 2593: 1206: 1192: 748: 552: 144: 1663:

ceased raiding establishments or public assemblies of homosexuals in Los Angeles for decades.

1520:

to generate unfavorable media coverage that generated public desire to restore law and order.

11072: 11062: 11042: 10890: 10864: 10767: 10538: 9853: 9787: 9777: 9652: 9547: 9331: 9295: 9258: 9236: 8923: 8460: 8275: 7905: 7810: 7790: 7760: 7449: 7444: 7191: 7156: 7054: 7018: 6712: 6233: 5998: 5086: 4824: 4818: 4725: 3784: 3277: 3212: 3141: 2878: 2589: 2388: 2378: 1866: 1825: 1702: 1478: 1297: 514: 274: 5233: 5116: 4899: 3711: 1701:. The movement used marches, pickets, sit-ins and protests. In the wake of rising violence ( 11190: 11092: 10971: 10826: 10661: 10569: 9807: 9221: 9179: 8943: 8831: 8629: 8510: 8415: 8225: 7855: 7013: 6745: 6253: 6164: 5147:

Due to nature of this table, inline citations weren't used. All references can be found at

4168: 3052: 2957: 2941: 2093:) were a series of peaceful political protests against the authoritarian government of the 1710: 909: 606: 538: 314: 298: 90: 932:

Nonviolent movement for Samoan independence from colonial rule in the early 20th century.

8: 11159: 11120: 10966: 10920: 10895: 10762: 10757: 10725: 10351: 10059: 10029: 9989: 9938: 9923: 9682: 9579: 9564: 9493: 9470: 9280: 9263: 8706: 8667: 8215: 8175: 8125: 8035: 7995: 7970: 7925: 7730: 7685: 7530: 7510: 7479: 7474: 7417: 7328: 7123: 7076: 7026: 6987: 6612: 6586: 6326: 6311: 6306: 6296: 6263: 6053: 6048: 5986: 4925:"Working Tirelessly for Peace and Equality Civil Resistance and Peacebuilding in Liberia" 4922: 4877: 3247: 3128: 3113: 2759: 2641: 2479: 2470: 2408: 2233: 2229: 1845: 1737:

dominated the protests, students also protested for civil liberties, against racism, for

1613: 1543: 1454: 1427: 1372: 1366: 1259: 783: 544: 412: 242: 238: 128: 116: 5556: 5148: 4109: 994:

in 1919. The event led to Egyptian independence in 1922 and the implementation of a new

11102: 10956: 10951: 10579: 10331: 10316: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9843: 9833: 9762: 9727: 9722: 9697: 9584: 9574: 9506: 9401: 9341: 9174: 9023: 8791: 8775: 8768: 8747: 8739: 8733: 8696: 8530: 8440: 8420: 8345: 8325: 8315: 8295: 8210: 8095: 8040: 7985: 7890: 7670: 7585: 7244: 7228: 7208: 6974: 6939: 6866: 6372: 6346: 6301: 6134: 6093: 6013: 5598: 5567: 5319: 5311: 5064: 5011: 4382: 4341: 3914: 3547: 3462: 3411: 3222: 3071: 2862: 2689: 2615: 2563: 2505: 2465: 2440: 1971: 1920: 1878: 1849: 1818: 1812: 1746: 1458: 1410: 1197:

With the aim of occupying the centre of German coal, iron, and steel production in the

1140: 1064: 1031: 945: 885: 858: 852: 708: 703:. After 1874, wing of the party disagreeing with passive resistance stance, formed new 692: 660: 518: 294: 286: 191: 112: 82: 10019: 6617: 5722: 4671:, Historic Cultural Monument Resistance to LAPD Raids Against Homosexuals| year = 2009 4534: 2033:, which were at the time under the Soviet rule. It marked the 50th anniversary of the 11164: 11135: 10915: 10859: 10129: 9943: 9782: 9747: 9707: 9662: 9625: 9443: 9368: 9275: 9268: 9226: 8891: 8806: 8801: 8761: 8634: 8405: 8390: 8355: 8135: 8055: 8000: 7785: 6949: 6944: 6816: 6802: 6795: 6756: 6632: 6018: 5797: 5774: 5751: 5698: 5680: 5663: 5643: 5628: 5608: 5584: 5541: 5523: 5506: 5491: 5473: 5459: 5437: 5420: 5400: 5382: 5360: 5323: 5068: 5056: 4999: 4989: 4965: 4955: 4828: 4791: 4755: 4697: 4681: 4651: 4621: 4600: 4565: 4556: 4473: 4432: 4396: 4351: 4275: 4078: 4012: 3971: 3879: 3852: 3673: 3602: 3551: 3466: 3415: 3356:"Why nonviolent resistance beats violent force in effecting social, political change" 3287: 3257: 3242: 2901: 2551: 2288: 2056: 1904: 1585: 1504: 1392: 1308: 1148: 1134: 1019: 830: 704: 488: 396: 219: 6681: 5572: 4900:"From the Berlin Wall to Today — Lessons for Harnessing the Moment of the Whirlwind" 3002:

Ongoing peaceful protest to reform the Thai Monarchy and coup-installed government.

884:, led the movement, which consisted in refusing to pay the taxes established by the 663:, development of the Hungarian economy, and protection of the legal standing of the 11011: 10976: 10821: 10689: 10518: 10406: 10401: 10321: 10049: 9984: 9802: 9767: 9531: 9290: 9231: 9068: 9053: 9043: 9013: 8754: 8701: 8550: 8535: 8500: 8365: 8310: 8300: 8195: 8070: 8005: 7880: 7795: 7755: 7745: 7735: 7720: 7715: 7690: 7580: 6964: 6879: 6842: 6642: 6366: 6321: 6199: 5993: 5976: 5912: 5892: 5887: 5832: 5551: 5416:

Making Europe Unconquerable: The Potential of Civilian-Based Deterrence and Defence

5370: 5303: 5048: 4508: 3574: 3539: 3452: 3442: 3403: 3227: 2848: 2611: 2597: 2414: 2322: 1942: 1900: 1742: 1728: 1675: 1644: 1482: 1118: 1086: 889: 838:, and eventually led to legal reform and increased support for Irish independence. 596: 578:, then the colonial power in Trinidad, first announced in 1833 the impending total 498: 468: 310: 306: 207: 184: 168: 67: 3848: 3705: 3543: 3087: 896:

but failed to achieve its ultimate aim of getting a nondenominational act passed.

10798: 10675: 10589: 10296: 10104: 10064: 10009: 9979: 9933: 9918: 9913: 9888: 9742: 9732: 9717: 9569: 9448: 9063: 9048: 9033: 8851: 8480: 8470: 8430: 8410: 8370: 8245: 8235: 8200: 8160: 8145: 8080: 7945: 7895: 7825: 7710: 7660: 7645: 7635: 7630: 7610: 7595: 7590: 7565: 7505: 7429: 7032: 7003: 6998: 6954: 6934: 6913: 6885: 5902: 5618: 5392: 5121: 4733: 4646: 4464: 4423: 4326: 4319: 4069: 4003: 3962: 3873: 3108: 2555: 2508: 2222: 2132: 1862: 1796: 1690: 1539: 1462: 814: 700: 688: 682: 677: 641: 464: 460: 440: 215: 164: 152: 148: 24: 5662:. East Boston, MA: The Albert Einstein Institution, 4th ed. 2010, orig. 2002. 3095: 2391:, centering around environmental concerns and the land rights of the indigenous 456: 160: 11052: 11021: 10991: 10624: 10508: 10452: 10265: 10099: 10084: 10054: 10014: 9898: 9893: 9792: 9772: 9757: 9752: 9657: 9618: 9590: 9430: 9416: 9285: 9148: 9102: 9083: 8672: 8520: 8505: 8435: 8385: 8350: 8335: 8320: 8280: 8260: 8250: 8205: 8190: 8170: 7940: 7910: 7900: 7870: 7860: 7770: 7740: 7540: 7166: 7118: 7008: 6451: 6270: 6033: 6003: 5907: 5897: 5882: 5837: 5778: 5533: 5348: 5294:(1970). "Civil Disobedience and Nonviolence: A Distinction with a Difference". 5036: 3504: 3319: 3314: 3252: 2911: 2550:. The chief legislative aim of the movement was to alleviate corruption in the 2306: 2271: 2205:, started by women praying and singing in a fish market, brought an end to the 2202: 2128: 2051: 1912: 1859: 1792: 1759: 1694: 1492: 1442: 1166: 1035: 656: 452: 446: 400: 387: 302: 282: 176: 104: 100: 5743: 5470:

The Politics of Change in Palestine. State-Building and Non-Violent Resistance

5052: 5003: 4969: 2600:. Later, protesters were allowed to reoccupy the roundabout where they staged 2534:

The movement gained momentum from 5 April 2011, when anti-corruption activist

1201:, France invaded Germany for neglecting some of its reparation payments after 1039: 132: 11179: 11140: 11130: 10910: 10900: 10880: 10831: 10715: 10619: 10528: 10523: 10341: 10326: 10311: 10094: 10089: 9958: 9908: 9903: 9692: 9687: 9631: 9611: 9487: 9209: 9078: 9008: 8856: 8722: 8545: 8475: 8380: 8230: 8165: 8150: 8140: 8100: 8025: 8015: 7975: 7960: 7850: 7840: 7800: 7750: 7625: 7550: 7520: 6398: 6336: 6316: 6243: 6218: 6023: 5726: 5060: 4985:

Dominant elites in Latin America : from neoliberalism to the 'pink tide'

3578: 3447: 3430: 3407: 3334: 3267: 3232: 3157: 3100: 2721: 2695: 2694:

Peaceful protests against reconstruction of Gezi Park at Istanbul's landmark

2543: 2539: 2443: 2110: 1916: 1899:

A series of nonviolent and prayerful mass street demonstrations that toppled

1764: 1652: 1597: 1581: 1027: 510: 408: 369: 1538:

Among the most dedicated to nonviolent resistance against the US arsenal of

729: 180: 11107: 10986: 10981: 10905: 10503: 10124: 10109: 10069: 9963: 9859: 9797: 9672: 9204: 9169: 9038: 9018: 8540: 8495: 8490: 8450: 8285: 8265: 8220: 8155: 8090: 8075: 7990: 7980: 7935: 7885: 7875: 7865: 7835: 7830: 7820: 7805: 7765: 7700: 7680: 7675: 7655: 7650: 7640: 7600: 7555: 7525: 6908: 6351: 6189: 6043: 5981: 5947: 5917: 4983: 3937: 3237: 2607: 2392: 2384: 2332: 2298: 2116: 2038: 1982: 1874: 1714: 1623: 1562:

during the autumn of 1980, more than 70 of these actions have taken place.

1551: 1446: 1438: 1350: 1346: 1312: 1247: 1143:

along with his companions established an organization among Pashtun in the

987: 927: 752: 740: 472: 404: 270: 211: 5503:

Revolutionary Peacemaking: Writings for a Culture of Peace and Nonviolence

4505:"Guillermo Fariñas ends seven-month-old hunger strike for Internet access" 3020:

Ongoing peaceful protests against the rector appointment without election

471:

unsustainable, so it became customary to resolve disputes nonviolently or

10961: 10885: 10629: 10533: 10376: 10039: 10034: 9953: 9702: 9647: 9536: 9526: 9480: 9436: 9378: 9058: 9028: 8655: 8619: 8560: 8555: 8515: 8465: 8400: 8395: 8305: 8255: 8185: 8180: 8120: 8105: 7955: 7950: 7815: 7695: 7665: 7605: 7570: 6831: 6361: 6098: 6063: 6028: 6008: 5922: 5690: 5483: 5352: 4668: 4199:"Criminalizing Peaceful Protest: Israel Jails Another Palestinian Gandhi" 3566: 3505:

International Center on Nonviolent Conflict; Beer, Michael (2021-04-16).

3272: 3118: 2720:

A campaign to boycott Russian goods as a reaction to a series of Russian

2585: 2535: 1619: 1516: 1202: 1198: 1082: 1076: 818: 744: 579: 266: 258: 226: 156: 136: 94: 1791:

In response to an expansion of a military base, local farmers including

11006: 10554: 10114: 9928: 9828: 9667: 9383: 9363: 9253: 9216: 8682: 8340: 8270: 8240: 8110: 8085: 8030: 7930: 7545: 7515: 6393: 6205: 6083: 6068: 6058: 5877: 5738: 5653: 5624:

The Unconquerable World: Power, Nonviolence, and the Will of the People

5579: 5410: 5315: 5291: 3457: 3304: 3146: 3123: 3075: 2672: 2331:) triggered by the assassination of the former Lebanese Prime Minister 2263: 2016: 1320: 1316: 1255: 1060: 991: 955: 262: 172: 140: 86: 4949: 4712:

Rootes, Christopher. "1968 and the Environmental Movement in Europe."

1713:) NICRA ceased operation and the conflict descended into the violent " 732: 11125: 11001: 10925: 10634: 10513: 9596: 9358: 9353: 9248: 8660: 8130: 8115: 6331: 5817: 5659:

From Dictatorship to Democracy: A Conceptual Framework for Liberation

3394:

Gleditsch, Kristian (2017). "The Diffusion of Nonviolent Campaigns".

3354:

Communications, Michelle Nicholasen Weatherhead Center (2019-02-04).

3299: 2547: 2267: 2259: 2030: 1957: 1870: 1414: 1324: 1281: 826: 521:

cracked down on reform, with the passing of what became known as the

416: 203: 4597:

Confronting the War Machine: Draft Resistance During the Vietnam War

3070:

Nonviolent resistance is often but wrongly taken as synonymous with

2984:

Peaceful protest against the three farm bills passed by parliament.

1461:. Movement members took over most of the government in 1954 and the 19: 11154: 10946: 10783: 9737: 9559: 9516: 9336: 9300: 8020: 6420: 6073: 5307: 3428: 3324: 3282: 2513: 2120: 1738: 1547: 1304: 1172: 870: 866: 779: 773: 602: 564: 522: 494: 420: 278: 254: 234: 230: 44: 3507:"Civil Resistance Tactics in the 21st Century: Report and Webinar" 1981:, as local rock musicians played. In later years, people acted as 1580:

There have been many nonviolent activists in opposition to Cuba's

10720: 10421: 9511: 9117: 8609: 5627:. New York: Metropolitan Books / Henry Holt and Company, 2003. 5522:. London: Penguin Books, 2003, pp 219–20, 222, 247–8, and 386. 4850:"ChangeMaker Chat with Myint Cho: Burmese Pro-Democracy Activist" 4618:

Hell No, We Won't Go!: Resisting the Draft During the Vietnam War

4228:"West Bank Arrest Violated International Law, Palestinian Claims" 4044:"Why Did Mao, Nehru and Tagore Applaud the March First Movement?" 2699: 2022: 1965: 878: 835: 822: 800: 736: 724: 502: 290: 195: 78: 4781:

Wehr, Paul; Burgess, Guy; Burgess, Heidi, eds. (February 1993).

4558:

Boitel vive: Testimonio desde el actual presidio político cubano

2327:

A chain of demonstrations in Lebanon (especially in the capital

1911:, over two million Filipinos protested human rights violations, 1327:

in Israel was dedicated to the people of le Chambon-sur-Lignon.

10498: 9554: 9476: 9373: 8677: 6341: 6291: 6038: 5968: 5732: 5640:

Unarmed Insurrections: People Power Movements in Nondemocracies

5182: 4847: 4748:

Judging Nonviolence: The Dispute Between Realists and Idealists

3926:

A History of Modern Europe 1789–1968 by Herbert L. Peacock m.a.

3482:"The Trifecta of Civil Resistance: Unity, Planning, Discipline" 3309: 2937: 2907: 2559: 2328: 2302: 2172: 2026: 1961: 1786: 1496: 1450: 1409:

groups initially carried out nonviolent resistance against pro-

1176: 1063:

and strategic nonviolent resistance to Israeli construction of

365: 359: 199: 75: 4002:

Powers, Roger; Vogele, William; Kruegler, Christopher (1997).

1907:

into power. After an election which had been condemned by the

10644: 9521: 7412: 6078: 4507:. Reporters Without Borders. 1 September 2006. Archived from 3429:

RezaeeDaryakenari, Babak; Asadzadehmamaghani, Peyman (2020).

2858: 1251: 983: 810: 506: 424: 382: 250: 31: 5505:. Zagreb, Croatia: Democratic Thought, 2019, pp. 527. 2097:(GDR) of East Germany that took place every Monday evening. 2061:

Protesters protested peacefully against the one-party rule.

1071:

have been adopted as tactics by Palestinians as part of the

103:

is the most popular figure related to this type of protest;

5604:

Civil Resistance in the Arab Spring: Triumphs and Disasters

4948:

Bull, Benedicte; Aguilar-Stoen, Mariel (13 November 2014).

3091:

Pro-nonviolence protesters at an anti-globalization protest

2124: 1869:

workers and intellectuals to members of the anti-communist

1822: 1656: 1209:

was initially greeted by a campaign of passive resistance.

392: 71: 5642:. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2004. 5488:

A Future Without War: The Strategy of a Warfare Transition

4848:

Tattersall, Amanda; Changemakers; Myint Cho (2021-11-16).

2650:

Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia#Discrimination in the workforce

2417:

and resulted in the overthrow of 24-year-ruling president

1655:. The resulting stand-down order directed the hundreds of 857:

This civil disobedience movement was launched against the

493:

Famine and chronic unemployment, coupled with the lack of

237:

goals. They employ nonviolent resistance tactics such as:

55:

A "No NATO" protester in Chicago, in front of police, 2012

5258:"US backed regime change as it 'wants bases in Pakistan'" 4368:

Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice.

3635:

Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute

1555: 958:—resistance and many other nonviolent movements in Asia. 756: 214:

in 1991 . Recently, nonviolent resistance has led to the

37:

National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam

4110:"EU rebukes Israel for convicting Palestinian protester" 3381:

A Force More Powerful: A Century of Non-violent Conflict

1915:, massive political corruption, and other abuses of the 1491:

Tactics of nonviolent resistance, such as bus boycotts,

8862:

Spring Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam

8640:"Woke Up This Morning (With My Mind Stayed On Freedom)" 5399:. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2001, orig. 1961. 5357:

A Force More Powerful: A Century of Nonviolent Conflict

2236:

stormed the Parliament session with red roses in hand.

1349:, Norwegian civil disobedience included preventing the 305:. Current nonviolent resistance movements include: the 35:

A demonstrator offers a flower to military police at a

8886:

African American founding fathers of the United States

7239:

Chicago Freedom Movement/Chicago open housing movement

7104:

John F. Kennedy's speech to the nation on Civil Rights

5375:

In Struggle: SNCC and the Black Awakening of the 1960s

5286: 5284: 5282: 5280: 5278: 5209:"An in depth look at the Hong Kong democracy movement" 4384:

Bracing for Armageddon: why civil defense never worked

2698:, turned into protests against Turkish Prime Minister 1075:. For example, citizens of the Palestinian village of 6711: 4816: 3961:

McCarthy, Ronald; Sharp, Gene; Bennett, Brad (1997).

3065: 5583:. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2009. 4001: 3960: 3595:

Guns, germs, and steel: the fates of human societies

1622:, many young Americans chose to resist the military 1038:, and the creation of alternative local government, 467:. Their lack of resources and small population made 8934:

Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley National Monument

6389:

Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)

5725:. New York Public Library. Documentary directed by 5540:. New York: Modern Library / Random House, 2006. 5381:.) Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981. 5275: 3878:. University of California Press. pp. 207–16. 1079:engaged in a tax strike during the First Intifada. 95:

refraining from violence and the threat of violence

10610:National War Tax Resistance Coordinating Committee 5953:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom 5607:. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2016. 4780: 4381: 4340: 2349:Remember about the Gas – Do not buy Russian goods! 1745:can be traced to the protests against nuclear and 1693:in areas such as elections (which were subject to 950:This movement became the inspiration of the later 4947: 1941:Starting from 1988 Peaceful Demonstration led by 11177: 7470:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) 5419:. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 1985. 5037:"Diplomacy at a Canadian Mine Site in Guatemala" 4988:. Liisa North, Timothy David Clark. Cham. 2017. 4640:The New Exiles: American War Resisters in Canada 4431:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 122–123. 1303:During World War II, with the leadership of two 107:celebrates Gandhi's birthday, October 2, as the 7460:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) 7393:Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights 7284:Green v. County School Board of New Kent County 5773: 5490:. San Diego, CA: Questpath Publishing, 2006. 5083:"Libyan Writer Detained Following Protest Call" 4472:. Syracuse University Press. pp. 235–236. 2962:Peaceful protests led by Muslim ladies against 2258:nonviolently resisted impending evacuations of 1909:Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines 1596:(known as Antúnez), all of whom have performed 1280:During World War II, after the invasion of the 8939:Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument 4425:Domestic society and international cooperation 3703: 3378: 3353: 3195:Category:Human rights activists by nationality 2297:which was marred by massive corruption, voter 2256:Israel's unilateral disengagement plan of 2004 2250:Israel's unilateral disengagement plan of 2004 1877:in its members' activities. Additionally, the 1397:Internal resistance to South African apartheid 605:refused to recognize the minority-promulgated 10437: 9133: 8847:List of lynching victims in the United States 7185:Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States 6697: 6404:Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces 5759: 4820:Emmanuel, Solidarity: God's Act, Our Response 4297:"Lessons from the Greensboro Student Sit-ins" 1937:Nonviolent Movement for Freedom and Democracy 225:Many movements which promote philosophies of 10467:Conscientious objection to military taxation 5538:Nonviolence: The History of a Dangerous Idea 5456:Civil Resistance Tactics in the 21st Century 4897: 4531:"Amnesty International USA's Medical Action" 4169:"Palestinians test out Gandhi-style protest" 3871: 3662: 3641:. New Zealand Institute. 1902. p. 124. 3529: 817:, the land agent of an absentee landlord in 739:Māori using violence in the face of British 513:glorified nonviolent resistance in the poem 7314:Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights 5739:International Center on Nonviolent Conflict 5697:. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2003. 4077:. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. p. 13. 3200:Category:Democracy activists by nationality 3163: 2857:Peaceful demonstrations against compulsory 1487:Mass anti-war protests in the United States 755:for the Tainui-Waikato people (other Māori 576:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 301:, principled refusal of awards/honors, and 10683:The Cold War and the Income Tax: A Protest 10444: 10430: 9140: 9126: 7363:Council for United Civil Rights Leadership 6704: 6690: 5766: 5752: 5206: 5016:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3938:"The Mau Movement for Samoan Independence" 3704:Littell, Eliakim; Littell, Robert (1846). 3601:. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 53. 3564: 3190:Category:Anti-war activists by nationality 1923:, who was assassinated three years prior. 10472:List of historical acts of tax resistance 8919:Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument 6357:Global Day of Action on Military Spending 5379:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee 5117:"Gaddafi Ready for Libya's 'Day of Rage'" 5075: 4898:Engler, Mark; Engler, Paul (2023-12-03). 4876:. Stateofworldliberty.org. Archived from 4338: 4067: 3456: 3446: 3393: 2654:Execution of Nimr al-Nimr#Street protests 2383:Protests against the construction of the 1689:seeking an end to discrimination against 1687:Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association 8954:King Center for Nonviolent Social Change 6994:University of Georgia desegregation riot 5448: 5339: 5110: 5108: 5034: 4817:Cavanaugh-O'Keefe, John (January 2001). 4790:. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 28. 4379: 3730: 3479: 3185:Category:Nonviolent resistance movements 3094: 3086: 2003:Nonviolence in 1989 Tiananmen protests. 1865:ranging from people associated with the 85:, economic or political noncooperation, 50: 30: 18: 8868:Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence 8605:"If You Miss Me at the Back of the Bus" 8600:"Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me 'Round" 5597:, Michael J. Willis, Rory McCarthy and 5472:. London: Pluto Press, 2011, Part 5. 5114: 4738: 4564:. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. p. 7. 4462: 3591: 3341: 2464:Protests against the regime of Colonel 1558:. Since the first Plowshares action in 210:' restoration of independence from the 16:Act of protest through nonviolent means 11178: 10615:Northern California War Tax Resistance 10605:National Campaign for a Peace Tax Fund 10372:Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Centre, Matale 9424:The Story of My Experiments with Truth 8782:African-American women in the movement 7234:White House Conference on Civil Rights 7065:"Segregation now, segregation forever" 6089:Soviet influence on the peace movement 5679:. Pittsburgh, PA: Breakthrough, 2011. 4744: 4599:. University of North Carolina Press. 4391:. Oxford University Press US. p. 4294: 4280:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4137: 3935: 3840: 3379:Ackerman, Peter; Duvall, Jack (2001). 2777: 2726:military invasion of Russia in Ukraine 2623:died since the start of the uprising. 2309:organized by the opposition movement. 2197:Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace 2131:. The demonstrators protested against 1979:Soviet occupation of the Baltic States 1771:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 1681:Northern Ireland civil rights movement 861:to defend the rights and influence of 11058:Campaign Against Home and Water Taxes 10850:Revolt of the Comuneros (New Granada) 10425: 9121: 7223:Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections 6685: 6276:World March for Peace and Nonviolence 5747: 5129:from the original on 23 February 2011 5105: 4554: 4421: 4011:. Taylor & Francis. p. 314. 3970:. Taylor & Francis. p. 342. 3777: 2081:Monday demonstrations in East Germany 2075:Monday demonstrations in East Germany 1022:used many nonviolent means to resist 978:A countrywide revolution against the 873:) religious teaching in the schools. 627:Women's suffrage in the United States 10855:Regulator Movement in North Carolina 10575:Association of Real Estate Taxpayers 10565:All Britain Anti-Poll Tax Federation 8991:St. Augustine Foot Soldiers Monument 7455:Regional Council of Negro Leadership 7403:Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party 7349:Committee on Appeal for Human Rights 6826:Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company 6751:Murders of Harry and Harriette Moore 6433:Third Party Non-violent Intervention 5290: 5093:from the original on 9 February 2011 4196: 3330:Third Party Non-violent Intervention 2592:. The government responded harshly, 2566:from Swiss and other foreign banks. 2530:2011 Indian anti-corruption movement 2295:2004 Ukrainian presidential election 1433:Hawaii Democratic Revolution of 1954 273:and poetry, community education and 111:. Other prominent advocates include 10477:Tax resistance in the United States 10367:Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park 7398:Lowndes County Freedom Organization 7334:Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters 7004:Robert F. Kennedy's Law Day Address 5397:Non-Violent Resistance (Satyagraha) 5231: 5115:Mahmoud, Khaled (9 February 2011). 4976: 4941: 4497: 3964:Nonviolent action: a research guide 2604:amounting to 150,000 participants. 13: 10840:No taxation without representation 10451: 9147: 8842:African-American churches attacked 7408:Montgomery Improvement Association 7383:Georgia Council on Human Relations 7368:Council of Federated Organizations 7339:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) 7097:16th Street Baptist Church bombing 7055:Meredith enrollment, Ole Miss riot 6861:1957 Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom 6765:McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents 6658:Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir 6555:Anti-war protests in Russia (2014) 5843:Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp 5695:Jesus and Nonviolence: A Third Way 5520:The Penguin History of New Zealand 5436:. Boston: Porter Sargent, 1973. 5333: 5028: 4745:Steger, Manfred B (January 2004). 3180:Category:Nonviolence organizations 3066:Comparison with civil disobedience 1626:by refusing to cooperate with the 691:reacted on autonomy gained to the 14: 11207: 11038:Anti-austerity movement in Greece 10271:International Day of Non-Violence 10168:National Salt Satyagraha Memorial 8914:Birmingham Civil Rights Institute 8787:Jews in the civil rights movement 6150:International Day of Non-Violence 5808:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions 5716: 5433:The Politics of Nonviolent Action 5238:The Commons Social Change Library 5213:The Commons Social Change Library 5207:Tattersall, Amanda (2019-10-22). 4929:The Commons Social Change Library 4904:The Commons Social Change Library 4854:The Commons Social Change Library 4616:Gottlieb, Sherry Gershon (1991). 4301:The Commons Social Change Library 4140:"Deporting Gandhi from Palestine" 3942:The Commons Social Change Library 3511:The Commons Social Change Library 3486:The Commons Social Change Library 3016:2021 Boğaziçi University protests 2980:2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest 2588:, protests started in Bahrain on 1999:Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 1056:Palestinian nonviolent resistance 455:were a branch of the New Zealand 109:International Day of Non-Violence 11048:Edward and Elaine Brown standoff 11017:Women's poll tax repeal movement 10585:Committee for Non-Violent Action 9542:The Kingdom of God Is Within You 9108:Civil rights movement portal 9101: 8949:Freedom Riders National Monument 8691:The Kingdom of God Is Within You 7203:1965 Selma to Montgomery marches 7162:1964 Monson Motor Lodge protests 7049:Second Emancipation Proclamation 6560:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine 4823:. Xlibris Corporation. pp. 4726:"Defending without the military" 4637:Williams, Roger Neville (1971). 4555:Pérez, José Luis García (2005). 3762:. Nzhistory.net.nz. 2007-07-17. 3734:Sixteen Years in the West Indies 3134: 1534:Committee for Non-Violent Action 10337:Gandhi Memorial Museum, Madurai 9854:Indian currency (Gandhi Series, 8976:Mississippi Civil Rights Museum 8964:Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial 7440:National Council of Negro Women 7378:Deacons for Defense and Justice 5933:Social Democratic Party (Japan) 5250: 5234:"Umbrella Movement Reflections" 5225: 5200: 5189:from the original on 2013-06-19 5175: 5164: 5153: 5141: 4916: 4891: 4866: 4841: 4810: 4774: 4754:. Routledge (UK). p. 114. 4718: 4706: 4690: 4674: 4667:Black Cat Protest (Now LeBar), 4661: 4631: 4610: 4589: 4578:from the original on 2013-11-14 4548: 4523: 4486:from the original on 2016-01-25 4456: 4445:from the original on 2016-01-25 4415: 4373: 4332: 4329:~ Civil Rights Movement Archive 4313: 4288: 4249: 4238:from the original on 2011-04-25 4220: 4209:from the original on 2012-11-11 4190: 4179:from the original on 2014-05-18 4161: 4150:from the original on 2010-04-24 4131: 4120:from the original on 2018-10-18 4102: 4091:from the original on 2016-01-25 4061: 4036: 4025:from the original on 2016-01-25 3995: 3984:from the original on 2016-01-25 3954: 3929: 3920: 3903: 3892:from the original on 2016-01-25 3865: 3834: 3823:from the original on 2008-05-11 3809: 3795:from the original on 2009-12-11 3766:from the original on 2010-05-23 3752: 3724: 3710:. Littell, Son and Co. p. 3697: 3686:from the original on 2016-01-25 3656: 3645:from the original on 2016-01-25 3626: 3615:from the original on 2016-01-25 3103:after the 2017 terrorist attack 2831:Catalan independence referendum 2504:Protests against the regime of 1795:and other supporters including 1145:North Western Frontier Province 1011:Irish Non-cooperation movement 70:, is the practice of achieving 11098:Potentially dangerous taxpayer 9849:Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith 9410:Hind Swaraj (Indian Home Rule) 6856:Mansfield school desegregation 5853:List of pacifist organisations 5676:Activism: People, Power, Plan 5670:. Retrieved 22 December 2012. 5591:. Retrieved 22 December 2012. 5359:. New York: Palgrave, 2000. 5171:2011–12 Saudi Arabian protests 5149:Bahrain#2011 Bahraini protests 5035:Weisbart, Caren (2018-10-09). 3672:. Lonely Planet. p. 686. 3663:Rawlings-Way, Charles (2008). 3585: 3558: 3523: 3498: 3480:Merriman, Hardy (2023-05-03). 3473: 3422: 3396:Journal of Conflict Resolution 3387: 3372: 3347: 3294:Pen is mightier than the sword 3175:List of anti-war organizations 2558:. Another aim, spearheaded by 2119:protest demonstrations by the 2013:Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia 549:Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 407:standards, with images of the 297:, legal/diplomatic wrestling, 74:such as social change through 1: 10640:Women's Tax Resistance League 9866:Indian 10 Rupee postage stamp 9242:Second Round Table Conference 8986:National Voting Rights Museum 8929:Civil Rights Movement Archive 8728:Lynching in the United States 8615:"Keep Your Eyes on the Prize" 7070:Stand in the Schoolhouse Door 7043:University of Chicago sit-ins 6810:Davis v. Prince Edward County 4071:The Irish War of Independence 4046:. Korea Focus. Archived from 3844:Captain Boycott and the Irish 3544:10.1080/10584609.2020.1793848 3034:2022 Regime Change Conspiracy 2638:Saudi uprising (1979–present) 2037:between the Soviet Union and 1735:opposition to the Vietnam War 1661:Los Angeles Police Department 1560:King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 1417:governments in South Africa. 1341:Norwegian resistance movement 665:Hungarian Academy of Sciences 505:charged into the crowd, with 419:(both images were considered 309:in Belarus, the fight of the 11149:history in the United States 9276:Gujarat Vidyapith University 9190:Indian independence movement 8981:National Civil Rights Museum 8837:March on Washington Movement 8822:Dexter Avenue Baptist Church 7291:Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co. 6259:World Peace Bell Association 6160:Dialogue Among Civilizations 5863:New Socialist Party of Japan 5848:Iraq War resisters in Canada 5813:Coalition of Women for Peace 5377:. (SNCC is the acronym for 4138:Dajani, Jamal (2010-04-21). 3737:. T.C. Newby. Archived from 2936:Peaceful demonstrations and 2906:Peaceful demonstrations and 2815:Impeachment of Park Geun-hye 2796:2017 pro-Jallikattu protests 2554:through introduction of the 2149:1996–1997 protests in Serbia 1741:, and the beginnings of the 1445:were initiated by the large 1073:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 653:Hungarian Revolution of 1848 647:Passive Resistance (Hungary) 7: 10789:Revolt of the papier timbré 10382:Mohandas Gandhi High School 9964:Leela (great-granddaughter) 9763:Chakravarti Rajagopalachari 8625:"This Little Light of Mine" 7373:Dallas County Voters League 7319:Atlanta Negro Voters League 7082:Letter from Birmingham Jail 6789:Brown v. Board of Education 6427:The whole world is watching 6195:Peace & Love (festival) 6145:Imagine Piano Peace Project 5557:A Philosophy of Nonviolence 4350:. Oxford University Press. 4339:Arsenault, Raymond (2006). 4295:Dignam, Joel (2019-03-15). 4197:Dana, Joseph (2010-10-25). 4068:Hopkinson, Michael (2004). 3936:Murray, Iain (2019-03-29). 3205: 3082: 2596:four protesters camping in 1717:" which lasted until 1998. 1707:1969 Northern Ireland riots 1590:Guillermo Fariñas Hernández 1576:Cuban opposition since 1959 1254:. These groups include the 1223:Civil disobedience movement 980:British occupation of Egypt 974:Egyptian Revolution of 1919 697:Lands of the Bohemian Crown 10: 11212: 10600:Irish National Land League 10560:Aide-toi, le ciel t'aidera 9884:Karamchand Gandhi (father) 9605:Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram 8959:Martin Luther King Jr. Day 8827:Holt Street Baptist Church 8797:16th Street Baptist Church 7781:Annie Bell Robinson Devine 7425:Nashville Student Movement 7355:An Appeal for Human Rights 6550:2011 intervention in Libya 6170:List of places named Peace 6155:International Day of Peace 5873:Peace and conflict studies 5793:Anti-nuclear organizations 5160:Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia 4595:Foley, Michael S. (2003). 4422:Knopf, Jeffrey W. (1998). 4320:Nashville Student Movement 4005:Protest, Power, and Change 3565:Cunningham, K. G. (2013). 3099:Muslims offering peace at 2742:Sunflower Student Movement 2562:, was the repatriation of 2095:German Democratic Republic 1513:Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. 1276:Danish resistance movement 1193:The Occupation of the Ruhr 1171:Peaceful movement to free 1111:Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi 1016:Irish War for Independence 952:Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi 687:Passive resistance of the 570:End of Slavery in Trinidad 328: 313:, and internationally the 93:, or other methods, while 11085: 11030: 10939: 10873: 10814: 10794:Revolt of the va-nu-pieds 10776: 10750: 10742:Cornish Rebellion of 1497 10734: 10708: 10699: 10653: 10547: 10491: 10459: 10289: 10258: 10147: 10138: 9972: 9874: 9816: 9640: 9462: 9392: 9319: 9155: 9097: 8999: 8901: 8715: 8648: 8590: 8569: 8456:Ruby Doris Smith-Robinson 8426:Modjeska Monteith Simkins 7498: 7490:Women's Political Council 7485:Wednesdays in Mississippi 7480:United Auto Workers (UAW) 7465:Southern Regional Council 7435:Northern Student Movement 7344:Committee for Freedom Now 7304: 7251:Memphis sanitation strike 7217:Voting Rights Act of 1965 7139: 6960:Savannah Protest Movement 6922: 6780: 6741:Journey of Reconciliation 6733: 6720: 6666: 6595: 6460: 6284: 6185:Nobel Peace Prize Concert 6180:Mother's Day Proclamation 6130:Dances of Universal Peace 6107: 5961: 5943:The Women's Peace Crusade 5785: 5232:Lau, Emily (2019-03-23). 5053:10.1007/s10612-018-9422-y 3571:Journal of Peace Research 3153:How to Start a Revolution 2898:2018–19 Sudanese protests 2716:Do not buy Russian goods! 2584:Inspired by the regional 2580:Bahraini uprising of 2011 2207:Second Liberian Civil War 1465:was established in 1959. 1113:(Mahatma Gandhi) and the 990:and other members of the 805:Irish nationalist leader 319:School Strike for Climate 10397:Roads named after Gandhi 9713:Umar Hajee Ahmed Jhaveri 9195:Non-cooperation movement 7324:Atlanta Student Movement 7273:Civil Rights Act of 1968 7198:1964–1965 Scripto strike 7179:Civil Rights Act of 1964 7077:1963 Birmingham campaign 6970:Civil Rights Act of 1960 6894:Civil Rights Act of 1957 6446:Violence begets violence 6379:Non-aggression principle 6249:The Non-Violence Project 6229:Promoting Enduring Peace 6212:Promoting Enduring Peace 5868:Pacifist Socialist Party 4784:Justice Without Violence 4650:. Liveright Publishers. 3817:"The Legacy of Parihaka" 3731:Capadose, Henry (1845). 3579:10.1177/0022343313475467 3448:10.1177/2053168020931693 3408:10.1177/0022002715603101 3263:Non-aggression principle 3164:Organizations and people 1628:Selective Service System 1584:regime. Among these are 1546:, consisting largely of 1115:Indian National Congress 1105:Non-cooperation movement 986:of revolutionary leader 825:, was subject to social 11068:Movimiento Pos Me Salto 10025:Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai 9959:Tushar (great-grandson) 9939:Gopalkrishna (grandson) 9839:Gandhi Peace Foundation 9678:Brij Krishna Chandiwala 8876:Voter Education Project 8630:"We Shall Not Be Moved" 8291:Adam Clayton Powell Jr. 7726:Josephine Dobbs Clement 7152:Chester school protests 7147:Twenty-fourth Amendment 7109:Detroit Walk to Freedom 6851:Tallahassee bus boycott 6772:Baton Rouge bus boycott 6540:Military action in Iran 6175:Monuments and memorials 6125:Concert Yutel for Peace 5928:React, Include, Recycle 5858:List of peace activists 5823:Conscientious objectors 4463:Bennett, Scott (2003). 3592:Diamond, Jared (1997). 3532:Political Communication 3435:Research & Politics 3170:List of peace activists 2998:2020–2021 Thai Protests 2853:Girl of Enghelab Street 2419:Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali 2035:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 1895:People Power Revolution 1594:Jorge Luis García Pérez 807:Charles Stewart Parnell 611:Cherokee trail of tears 125:Charles Stewart Parnell 10997:Poplar Rates Rebellion 10845:Philadelphia Tea Party 10387:National Gandhi Museum 10362:Mahatma Gandhi College 10347:Gandhi Temple, Bhatara 10281:Season for Nonviolence 10080:Maria Lacerda de Moura 10075:Martin Luther King Jr. 9454:Gandhi Heritage Portal 9286:India ashrams (Kochrab 9200:Chauri Chaura incident 9165:Indian Ambulance Corps 9089:Movement photographers 8331:Bernice Johnson Reagon 8051:Martin Luther King Sr. 8046:Martin Luther King Jr. 7616:William Holmes Borders 7388:Highlander Folk School 7278:Poor People's Campaign 7131:St. Augustine movement 6981:Gomillion v. Lightfoot 6904:Katz Drug Store sit-in 6875:Royal Ice Cream sit-in 6837:Montgomery bus boycott 6461:Opposition to specific 6416:Swords to ploughshares 6410:Soldiers are murderers 5803:Anti-war organizations 4380:Garrison, Dee (2006). 3841:Marlow, Joyce (1973). 3218:Civilian-based defense 3104: 3092: 2940:against the regime of 2932:2019 Algerian protests 2910:against the regime of 2646:Saudi Arabian protests 2335:on February 14, 2005. 2091:Montagsdemonstrationen 2090: 1956:The Baltic countries ( 1873:(minority), advocated 1835:1980–1981 as movement 1207:occupation of the Ruhr 553:the Duke of Wellington 463:and eventually became 145:Martin Luther King Jr. 56: 48: 47:, on October 21, 1967. 39:-sponsored protest in 28: 11073:Yellow vests protests 11063:Movimento Passe Livre 11043:Anti-Bin Tax Campaign 10865:White Lotus Rebellion 10768:Revolt of the Pitauds 10539:Unreported employment 10483:List of tax resisters 9944:Ramchandra (grandson) 9788:Rettamalai Srinivasan 9778:Anugrah Narayan Sinha 9548:The Masque of Anarchy 9332:Composite nationalism 9327:Practices and beliefs 9259:Natal Indian Congress 8924:Civil Rights Memorial 8812:Bethel Baptist Church 8461:Charles Kenzie Steele 7906:Audrey Faye Hendricks 7811:Myrlie Evers-Williams 7791:Patricia Stephens Due 7761:Abraham Lincoln Davis 7696:Colia Lafayette Clark 7450:Operation Breadbasket 7445:National Urban League 7192:Katzenbach v. McClung 7060:Atlanta's Berlin Wall 6713:Civil rights movement 6463:wars or their aspects 6384:Nonviolent resistance 6234:Show of Peace Concert 5999:Anti-nuclear movement 5449:From the 21st century 5340:From the 20th century 5087:Amnesty International 5020:) CS1 maint: others ( 4732:June 9, 2011, at the 3872:Searle, G.R. (1971). 3278:Nonviolent revolution 3213:Christian nonviolence 3142:A Force More Powerful 3098: 3090: 2879:Anti-Sterlite protest 2421:on January 14, 2011. 2389:San Rafael Las Flores 2379:Escobal mine protests 1921:Benigno S. Aquino Jr. 1867:Roman Catholic Church 1826:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1703:Battle of the Bogside 1479:Civil Rights Movement 1377:Bharat Chhodo Andolan 1298:Le Chambon-sur-Lignon 778:The Māori village of 718:1860–1894, 1915–1918 551:by the government of 515:The Masque of Anarchy 299:Underground Railroads 275:consciousness raising 60:Nonviolent resistance 54: 34: 22: 11186:Community organizing 11093:Income tax threshold 10972:Champaran Satyagraha 10662:An Act of Conscience 10595:I Don't Pay Movement 10570:Anti-Poll Tax Unions 9808:Kishorlal Mashruwala 9597:Gandhi's translation 9222:Dharasana Satyagraha 9180:Champaran Satyagraha 8969:other King memorials 8944:Freedom Rides Museum 8881:1960s counterculture 8832:Edmund Pettus Bridge 8511:Walter Francis White 8416:Alexander D. Shimkin 6930:New Year's Day March 6899:Ministers' Manifesto 6746:Executive Order 9981 6545:Sri Lankan Civil War 6439:Turn the other cheek 6254:University for Peace 6165:List of peace prizes 5041:Critical Criminology 4715:. Retrieved 02-2008. 3851:. pp. 133–142. 3342:Notes and references 3053:White Paper Protests 2966:among other things. 2958:Shaheen Bagh protest 2942:Abdelaziz Bouteflika 2724:against Ukraine and 2700:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan 2254:Protesters opposing 1685:Movement led by the 1026:. Amongst these was 996:constitution in 1923 910:Bloody Sunday (1905) 851:Protest against the 607:Treaty of New Echota 580:liberation of slaves 539:Catholic Association 315:Extinction Rebellion 121:Etienne de la Boétie 91:constructive program 11160:Taxation as slavery 11121:Redemption movement 11117:Freeman on the land 10967:Bondelswarts affair 10931:Wallachian uprising 10921:Tancament de Caixes 10896:Hut Tax War of 1898 10758:Croquant rebellions 10352:Kaba Gandhi No Delo 10060:Lal Bahadur Shastri 10030:Govind Vallabh Pant 9934:Rajmohan (grandson) 9929:Ela (granddaughter) 9824:Artistic depictions 9683:Sudhakar Chaturvedi 9580:Henry Stephens Salt 9565:Sermon on the Mount 9494:Henry David Thoreau 9471:A Letter to a Hindu 9281:Harijan Sevak Sangh 8707:Mary McLeod Bethune 8668:Sermon on the Mount 8635:"We Shall Overcome" 8216:William Lewis Moore 7996:Frank Minis Johnson 7971:Richie Jean Jackson 7926:Donald L. Hollowell 7731:Charles E. Cobb Jr. 7536:Gwendolyn Armstrong 7531:William G. Anderson 7511:Victoria Gray Adams 7475:The Freedom Singers 7329:Black Panther Party 7114:March on Washington 7027:Garner v. Louisiana 6988:Boynton v. Virginia 6587:Nuclear disarmament 6570:in Russian Far East 6327:Department of Peace 6312:Counter-recruitment 6307:Conflict resolution 6297:Central Park be-ins 6285:Slogans and tactics 6264:Japanese Peace Bell 6054:Non-interventionism 6049:Modern-war pacifism 5987:Christian anarchism 5501:Daniel Jakopovich, 5262:The Express Tribune 5089:. 8 February 2011. 4669:City of Los Angeles 4511:on 22 February 2006 3258:Islamic nonviolence 3248:Internet resistance 3129:Resistance movement 3114:Everyday resistance 2875:Tamil Nadu – India 2792:Tamil Nadu – India 2760:Umbrella Revolution 2642:1979 Qatif Uprising 2484:Egyptian revolution 2435:Egyptian Revolution 2409:Tunisian Revolution 2234:Mikheil Saakashvili 2230:Eduard Shevardnadze 1846:Fighting Solidarity 1544:Plowshares Movement 1455:economic inequality 1428:Territory of Hawaii 1373:Quit India Movement 1367:Quit India Movement 1260:Confessional Church 1121:in Indian society. 890:Unionist government 784:Te Whiti o Rongomai 747:. In response, the 459:that colonized the 399:to try to convince 239:information warfare 206:, led to the three 129:Te Whiti o Rongomai 117:Henry David Thoreau 66:, sometimes called 11103:Render unto Caesar 10957:Bardoli Satyagraha 10952:Bambatha Rebellion 10669:Civil Disobedience 10580:Catalunya Diu Prou 10005:C. Rajagopalachari 10000:Brajkishore Prasad 9995:Abdul Ghaffar Khan 9954:Kanu (grandnephew) 9857:Gandhi New Series, 9844:Gandhi Peace Prize 9834:Gandhi Peace Award 9728:Abdul Ghaffar Khan 9723:Hermann Kallenbach 9698:Dada Dharmadhikari 9575:Shrimad Rajchandra 9507:Civil disobedience 9499:Civil Disobedience 9175:Bardoli Satyagraha 9024:Michael Eric Dyson 8909:In popular culture 8792:Fifth Circuit Four 8776:Loving v. Virginia 8769:Hernandez v. Texas 8748:Buchanan v. Warley 8740:Separate but equal 8734:Plessy v. Ferguson 8697:Frederick Douglass 8531:Robert F. Williams 8441:Kelly Miller Smith 8421:Fred Shuttlesworth 8346:Frederick D. Reese 8326:George Raymond Jr. 8316:A. Philip Randolph 8296:Fay Bellamy Powell 8211:Queen Mother Moore 8096:Z. Alexander Looby 8041:Coretta Scott King 7986:Barbara Rose Johns 7966:Jimmie Lee Jackson 7891:William E. Harbour 7671:Stokely Carmichael 7586:Randolph Blackwell 7256:King assassination 7245:Loving v. Virginia 7229:March Against Fear 7209:How Long, Not Long 7087:Children's Crusade 7038:Cambridge movement 6975:Ax Handle Saturday 6940:Greensboro sit-ins 6867:Give Us the Ballot 6481:American Civil War 6373:Make love, not war 6347:Economic sanctions 6302:Civil disobedience 6135:Festival for Peace 6108:Media and cultural 6094:Testimony of peace 6014:Christian pacifism 5599:Timothy Garton Ash 5568:Timothy Garton Ash 4645:2016-01-25 at the 4325:2007-03-06 at the 3915:Education Act 1902 3909:Sources quoted in 3223:Civil disobedience 3105: 3093: 3072:civil disobedience 2863:sex discrimination 2827:Catalonia – Spain 2778:#ThisFlag Movement 2690:Gezi Park protests 2616:state of emergency 2466:Muammar al-Gaddafi 2260:Jewish settlements 2180:Slobodan Milošević 2156:Slobodan Milošević 2083:in 1989 and 1990 ( 1972:Singing revolution 1879:Orange Alternative 1850:Orange Alternative 1819:Iranian Revolution 1813:Iranian Revolution 1749:during this year. 1747:biological weapons 1711:Bloody Sunday 1972 1699:Special Powers Act 1637:February 11, 1967 1459:plantation economy 1411:racial segregation 1141:Abdul Ghaffar Khan 1137:(Servants of God) 1065:Jewish settlements 1032:British parliament 1020:Irish nationalists 946:March 1st Movement 886:Education Act 1902 859:Education Act 1902 853:Education Act 1902 709:Kingdom of Bohemia 693:Kingdom of Hungary 661:Hungarian language 519:British government 287:civil disobedience 192:Singing revolution 113:Abdul Ghaffar Khan 83:civil disobedience 57: 49: 29: 11173: 11172: 11165:Taxation as theft 11136:Tax noncompliance 11113:Sovereign citizen 11081: 11080: 10916:Saminism Movement 10860:Whiskey Rebellion 10827:Fries's Rebellion 10419: 10418: 10415: 10414: 10198:Parliament Square 10130:Vallabhbhai Patel 9919:Samaldas (nephew) 9914:Maganlal (cousin) 9783:Sri Krishna Sinha 9748:Vallabhbhai Patel 9733:Acharya Kripalani 9708:Shiv Prasad Gupta 9663:Shankarlal Banker 9626:Vaishnava Jana To 9444:Seven Social Sins 9237:Gandhi–Irwin Pact 9227:Vaikom Satyagraha 9115: 9114: 8892:Eyes on the Prize 8807:A.G. Gaston Motel 8802:Kelly Ingram Park 8762:Sweatt v. Painter 8446:Mary Louise Smith 8406:Cleveland Sellers 8391:Michael Schwerner 8356:Gloria Richardson 8136:Thurgood Marshall 8056:Bernard Lafayette 7786:John Wesley Dobbs 7300: 7299: 7019:Birmingham attack 6999:Rock Hill sit-ins 6950:Sibley Commission 6945:Nashville sit-ins 6817:Gebhart v. Belton 6803:Briggs v. Elliott 6796:Bolling v. Sharpe 6757:Sweatt v. Painter 6679: 6678: 6582:Military taxation 6452:War tax resisters 6019:Deterrence theory 5798:Anti-war movement 5703:978-0-8006-3609-8 5685:978-0-6154-1790-5 5673:Mike Staresinic, 5668:978-1-880813-09-6 5648:978-0-8166-4193-2 5613:978-0-19-874902-8 5589:978-0-19-955201-6 5546:978-0-8129-7447-8 5528:978-0-14-301867-4 5511:978-953-55134-2-1 5496:978-0-9700031-3-3 5478:978-0-7453-3093-8 5468:Michael Bröning, 5464:978-1-943271-40-5 5442:978-0-87558-068-5 5425:978-0-85066-336-5 5405:978-0-486-41606-9 5365:978-0-312-24050-9 4995:978-3-319-53255-4 4961:978-1-317-65379-0 4834:978-0-7388-3864-9 4797:978-1-55587-491-9 4761:978-0-415-93397-1 4702:978-0-465-02288-5 4656:978-0-87140-533-3 4626:978-0-670-83935-3 4605:978-0-80782-767-3 4571:978-987-21129-3-6 4479:978-0-8156-3003-6 4438:978-0-521-62691-0 4402:978-0-19-518319-1 4357:978-0-19-513674-6 4084:978-0-7735-2840-6 4018:978-0-8153-0913-0 3977:978-0-8153-1577-3 3858:978-0-233-96430-0 3679:978-1-74104-816-2 3608:978-0-393-03891-0 3288:Passive obedience 3243:Industrial action 3063: 3062: 2902:Khartoum massacre 2552:Indian government 2289:Orange Revolution 2057:Velvet Revolution 1905:Corazon C. Aquino 1592:("El Coco"), and 1586:Pedro Luis Boitel 1550:priests, such as 1393:Defiance Campaign 1242:German Resistance 1149:Khudai Khidmatgar 1135:Khudai Khidmatgar 1069:West Bank Barrier 1052:Israel/Palestine 831:Irish Land League 829:organized by the 809:, in a speech in 705:Young Czech Party 695:, but not to the 489:Peterloo massacre 411:and the eagle of 194:" (1989–1991) in 64:nonviolent action 27:on March 12, 1930 11203: 11012:Vedaranyam March 10977:Kheda Satyagraha 10891:House Tax Hartal 10822:Boston Tea Party 10726:Peasants' Revolt 10706: 10705: 10690:Vyborg Manifesto 10519:Self-sufficiency 10446: 10439: 10432: 10423: 10422: 10407:Satyagraha House 10402:Sabarmati Ashram 10322:Gandhi Promenade 10248:Washington, D.C. 10203:Tavistock Square 10188:Pietermaritzburg 10145: 10144: 10050:Jawaharlal Nehru 9985:Aung San Suu Kyi 9803:Ravishankar Vyas 9768:Bibi Amtus Salam 9532:Parsee Rustomjee 9232:Aundh Experiment 9185:Kheda Satyagraha 9142: 9135: 9128: 9119: 9118: 9106: 9105: 9069:Charles M. Payne 9054:Steven F. Lawson 9044:David Halberstam 9014:Clayborne Carson 8755:Hocutt v. Wilson 8702:W. E. B. Du Bois 8551:Sammy Younge Jr. 8536:Q. V. Williamson 8501:Wyatt Tee Walker 8366:Bernice Robinson 8311:Lincoln Ragsdale 8301:Rodney N. Powell 8196:Douglas E. Moore 8071:Sanford R. Leigh 8006:J. Charles Jones 7881:Fannie Lou Hamer 7796:Joseph Ellwanger 7756:Jonathan Daniels 7746:Claudette Colvin 7736:Annie Lee Cooper 7721:Kathleen Cleaver 7716:Eldridge Cleaver 7691:Shirley Chisholm 7581:Gloria Blackwell 7172:workers' murders 7119:"I Have a Dream" 7014:Anniston bombing 6965:Greenville Eight 6880:Little Rock Nine 6843:Browder v. Gayle 6731: 6730: 6706: 6699: 6692: 6683: 6682: 6506:list of protests 6367:Lesson of Munich 6322:Demilitarisation 6200:Peace journalism 5994:Anti-imperialism 5977:Anarcho-pacifism 5913:Peace psychology 5893:Peace conference 5888:Peace commission 5833:Culture of Peace 5768: 5761: 5754: 5745: 5744: 5733:Nonviolence News 5552:David McReynolds 5371:Clayborne Carson 5328: 5327: 5288: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5269: 5254: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5244: 5229: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5219: 5204: 5198: 5197: 5195: 5194: 5179: 5173: 5168: 5162: 5157: 5151: 5145: 5139: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5112: 5103: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5079: 5073: 5072: 5032: 5026: 5025: 5015: 5007: 4980: 4974: 4973: 4945: 4939: 4938: 4936: 4935: 4920: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4910: 4895: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4870: 4864: 4863: 4861: 4860: 4845: 4839: 4838: 4814: 4808: 4807: 4805: 4804: 4789: 4778: 4772: 4771: 4769: 4768: 4753: 4742: 4736: 4722: 4716: 4710: 4704: 4694: 4688: 4678: 4672: 4665: 4659: 4635: 4629: 4620:. 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C. Kumarappa 9636: 9458: 9449:Navajivan Trust 9388: 9315: 9157: 9151: 9146: 9116: 9111: 9100: 9093: 9074:Thomas E. Ricks 9064:Diane McWhorter 9049:Vincent Harding 9034:Adam Fairclough 9001: 8995: 8897: 8852:Freedom Schools 8711: 8644: 8592: 8586: 8577:Omaha, Nebraska 8565: 8481:Hartman Turnbow 8471:Dorothy Tillman 8431:Glenn E. Smiley 8411:Charles Sherrod 8371:Jo Ann Robinson 8246:Charles Neblett 8236:Elijah Muhammad 8201:Harriette Moore 8161:Floyd McKissick 8146:Franklin McCain 8081:Stanley Levison 7946:T. R. M. Howard 7896:Vincent Harding 7826:Walter Fauntroy 7711:Xernona Clayton 7661:John H. Calhoun 7646:Aurelia Browder 7636:Stanley Branche 7631:Raylawni Branch 7611:Joseph E. Boone 7596:Ezell Blair Jr. 7591:Unita Blackwell 7566:Harry Belafonte 7506:Ralph Abernathy 7494: 7430:Nation of Islam 7306: 7296: 7135: 7092:Birmingham riot 7033:Albany Movement 6955:Atlanta sit-ins 6935:Sit-in movement 6918: 6914:Biloxi wade-ins 6886:Cooper v. 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ICNC Press. 5454:Michael Beer, " 5451: 5342: 5336: 5334:Further reading 5331: 5289: 5276: 5267: 5265: 5256: 5255: 5251: 5242: 5240: 5230: 5226: 5217: 5215: 5205: 5201: 5192: 5190: 5181: 5180: 5176: 5169: 5165: 5158: 5154: 5146: 5142: 5132: 5130: 5122:Asharq Al-Awsat 5113: 5106: 5096: 5094: 5081: 5080: 5076: 5033: 5029: 5009: 5008: 4996: 4982: 4981: 4977: 4962: 4946: 4942: 4933: 4931: 4921: 4917: 4908: 4906: 4896: 4892: 4883: 4881: 4872: 4871: 4867: 4858: 4856: 4846: 4842: 4835: 4815: 4811: 4802: 4800: 4798: 4787: 4779: 4775: 4766: 4764: 4762: 4751: 4743: 4739: 4734:Wayback Machine 4724:Martin, Brian. 4723: 4719: 4711: 4707: 4695: 4691: 4679: 4675: 4666: 4662: 4647:Wayback Machine 4636: 4632: 4615: 4611: 4594: 4590: 4581: 4579: 4572: 4561: 4553: 4549: 4540: 4538: 4529: 4528: 4524: 4514: 4512: 4503: 4502: 4498: 4489: 4487: 4480: 4469: 4461: 4457: 4448: 4446: 4439: 4428: 4420: 4416: 4407: 4405: 4403: 4388: 4378: 4374: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4347: 4337: 4333: 4327:Wayback Machine 4318: 4314: 4305: 4303: 4293: 4289: 4273: 4272: 4266: 4264: 4257:"Archived copy" 4255: 4254: 4250: 4241: 4239: 4226: 4225: 4221: 4212: 4210: 4203:Huffington Post 4195: 4191: 4182: 4180: 4167: 4166: 4162: 4153: 4151: 4144:Huffington Post 4136: 4132: 4123: 4121: 4108: 4107: 4103: 4094: 4092: 4085: 4074: 4066: 4062: 4053: 4051: 4042: 4041: 4037: 4028: 4026: 4019: 4008: 4000: 3996: 3987: 3985: 3978: 3967: 3959: 3955: 3946: 3944: 3934: 3930: 3925: 3921: 3908: 3904: 3895: 3893: 3886: 3870: 3866: 3859: 3839: 3835: 3826: 3824: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3798: 3796: 3783: 3782: 3778: 3769: 3767: 3758: 3757: 3753: 3744: 3742: 3729: 3725: 3716: 3714: 3702: 3698: 3689: 3687: 3680: 3669: 3661: 3657: 3648: 3646: 3638: 3632: 3631: 3627: 3618: 3616: 3609: 3598: 3590: 3586: 3563: 3559: 3528: 3524: 3515: 3513: 3503: 3499: 3490: 3488: 3478: 3474: 3427: 3423: 3392: 3388: 3377: 3373: 3364: 3362: 3360:Harvard Gazette 3352: 3348: 3344: 3339: 3208: 3166: 3137: 3109:Active measures 3085: 3068: 2914:and succeeding 2900: 2851: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2556:Jan Lokpal Bill 2509:Bashar al-Assad 2500:Syrian Uprising 2460:Libyan Protests 2307:general strikes 2223:Rose Revolution 2133:ethnic violence 2115:A crackdown of 2107:Azerbaijan SSR 2084: 1953:1987–1989/1991 1863:social movement 1848: 1844: 1797:Lanza del Vasto 1540:nuclear weapons 1485: 1481: 1463:State of Hawaii 1457:under Hawaii's 1443:general strikes 1395: 1162:Punjab Province 965: 939:1919. 2.8, 3.1 848:United Kingdom 815:Charles Boycott 701:Austrian Empire 689:Old Czech Party 683:Old Czech Party 678:Austria-Hungary 642:Austrian Empire 517:. However, the 461:Chatham Islands 441:Chatham Islands 435: 331: 303:general strikes 253:, leafletting, 216:Rose Revolution 165:Andrei Sakharov 153:Philip Berrigan 149:Daniel Berrigan 17: 12: 11: 5: 11209: 11199: 11198: 11193: 11188: 11171: 11170: 11168: 11167: 11162: 11157: 11152: 11138: 11133: 11128: 11123: 11110: 11105: 11100: 11095: 11089: 11087: 11086:Related topics 11083: 11082: 11079: 11078: 11076: 11075: 11070: 11065: 11060: 11055: 11053:Bonnets Rouges 11050: 11045: 11040: 11034: 11032: 11028: 11027: 11025: 11024: 11019: 11014: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10994: 10992:Poll Tax Riots 10989: 10984: 10979: 10974: 10969: 10964: 10959: 10954: 10949: 10943: 10941: 10937: 10936: 10934: 10933: 10928: 10923: 10918: 10913: 10908: 10903: 10898: 10893: 10888: 10883: 10877: 10875: 10871: 10870: 10868: 10867: 10862: 10857: 10852: 10847: 10842: 10837: 10829: 10824: 10818: 10816: 10812: 10811: 10809: 10808: 10802: 10796: 10791: 10786: 10780: 10778: 10774: 10773: 10771: 10770: 10765: 10760: 10754: 10752: 10748: 10747: 10745: 10744: 10738: 10736: 10732: 10731: 10729: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10712: 10710: 10703: 10697: 10696: 10694: 10693: 10686: 10679: 10672: 10665: 10657: 10655: 10651: 10650: 10648: 10647: 10642: 10637: 10632: 10627: 10625:Peace churches 10622: 10617: 10612: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10592: 10587: 10582: 10577: 10572: 10567: 10562: 10557: 10551: 10549: 10545: 10544: 10542: 10541: 10536: 10531: 10526: 10521: 10516: 10511: 10509:Local currency 10506: 10501: 10495: 10493: 10489: 10488: 10486: 10485: 10480: 10474: 10469: 10463: 10461: 10457: 10456: 10453:Tax resistance 10449: 10448: 10441: 10434: 10426: 10417: 10416: 10413: 10412: 10410: 10409: 10404: 10399: 10394: 10389: 10384: 10379: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10344: 10339: 10334: 10329: 10324: 10319: 10314: 10309: 10304: 10299: 10293: 10291: 10287: 10286: 10284: 10283: 10278: 10273: 10268: 10266:Gandhi Jayanti 10262: 10260: 10256: 10255: 10253: 10252: 10251: 10250: 10245: 10240: 10235: 10230: 10225: 10220: 10215: 10207: 10206: 10205: 10200: 10192: 10191: 10190: 10185: 10177: 10176: 10175: 10170: 10165: 10157: 10151: 10149: 10142: 10136: 10135: 10133: 10132: 10127: 10122: 10117: 10112: 10107: 10102: 10100:Nelson Mandela 10097: 10092: 10087: 10085:Mehdi Bazargan 10082: 10077: 10072: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10055:Joan Bondurant 10052: 10047: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10027: 10022: 10017: 10015:Draupadi Murmu 10012: 10007: 10002: 9997: 9992: 9987: 9982: 9976: 9974: 9970: 9969: 9967: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9891: 9886: 9880: 9878: 9872: 9871: 9869: 9868: 9863: 9851: 9846: 9841: 9836: 9831: 9826: 9820: 9818: 9814: 9813: 9811: 9810: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9793:V. A. Sundaram 9790: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9773:Sonja Schlesin 9770: 9765: 9760: 9758:Mithuben Petit 9755: 9753:Narhari Parikh 9750: 9745: 9740: 9735: 9730: 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9695: 9690: 9685: 9680: 9675: 9670: 9665: 9660: 9658:Jamnalal Bajaj 9655: 9650: 9644: 9642: 9638: 9637: 9635: 9634: 9629: 9622: 9619:Hari Tuma Haro 9615: 9608: 9601: 9600: 9599: 9591:Unto This Last 9587: 9582: 9577: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9491: 9484: 9474: 9466: 9464: 9460: 9459: 9457: 9456: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9434: 9431:Mangal Prabhat 9427: 9420: 9417:Indian Opinion 9413: 9406: 9398: 9396: 9390: 9389: 9387: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9350: 9349: 9339: 9334: 9329: 9323: 9321: 9317: 9316: 9314: 9313: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9283: 9278: 9273: 9272: 9271: 9261: 9256: 9251: 9246: 9245: 9244: 9234: 9229: 9224: 9219: 9214: 9213: 9212: 9202: 9197: 9192: 9187: 9182: 9177: 9172: 9167: 9161: 9159: 9153: 9152: 9149:Mahatma Gandhi 9145: 9144: 9137: 9130: 9122: 9113: 9112: 9098: 9095: 9094: 9092: 9091: 9086: 9084:Akinyele Umoja 9081: 9076: 9071: 9066: 9061: 9056: 9051: 9046: 9041: 9036: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9005: 9003: 8997: 8996: 8994: 8993: 8988: 8983: 8978: 8973: 8972: 8971: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8905: 8903: 8899: 8898: 8896: 8895: 8888: 8883: 8878: 8873: 8872: 8871: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8839: 8834: 8829: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8809: 8804: 8799: 8794: 8789: 8784: 8779: 8772: 8765: 8758: 8751: 8744: 8743: 8742: 8730: 8725: 8719: 8717: 8713: 8712: 8710: 8709: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8687: 8686: 8685: 8680: 8673:Mahatma Gandhi 8670: 8665: 8664: 8663: 8652: 8650: 8646: 8645: 8643: 8642: 8637: 8632: 8627: 8622: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8602: 8596: 8594: 8588: 8587: 8585: 8584: 8582:South Carolina 8579: 8573: 8571: 8567: 8566: 8564: 8563: 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8521:Hosea Williams 8518: 8513: 8508: 8506:Hollis Watkins 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8436:A. Maceo Smith 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8386:Bernie Sanders 8383: 8378: 8376:Angela Russell 8373: 8368: 8363: 8361:David Richmond 8358: 8353: 8351:Walter Reuther 8348: 8343: 8338: 8336:Cordell Reagon 8333: 8328: 8323: 8321:George Raymond 8318: 8313: 8308: 8303: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8281:Charles Person 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8251:Huey P. Newton 8248: 8243: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8208: 8206:Harry T. Moore 8203: 8198: 8193: 8191:Cecil B. Moore 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8171:James Meredith 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8118: 8113: 8108: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8083: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8008: 8003: 8001:Clarence Jones 7998: 7993: 7988: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7941:Zilphia Horton 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7911:Lola Hendricks 7908: 7903: 7901:Dorothy Height 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7871:Lawrence Guyot 7868: 7863: 7861:Jack Greenberg 7858: 7853: 7848: 7846:Andrew Goodman 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7788: 7783: 7778: 7773: 7771:Joseph DeLaine 7768: 7763: 7758: 7753: 7748: 7743: 7741:Dorothy Cotton 7738: 7733: 7728: 7723: 7718: 7713: 7708: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7688: 7686:J. L. Chestnut 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7648: 7643: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7621:Amelia Boynton 7618: 7613: 7608: 7603: 7598: 7593: 7588: 7583: 7578: 7573: 7568: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7541:Arnold Aronson 7538: 7533: 7528: 7523: 7518: 7513: 7508: 7502: 7500: 7496: 7495: 7493: 7492: 7487: 7482: 7477: 7472: 7467: 7462: 7457: 7452: 7447: 7442: 7437: 7432: 7427: 7422: 7421: 7420: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7359: 7358: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7310: 7308: 7302: 7301: 7298: 7297: 7295: 7294: 7287: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7269: 7268: 7263: 7253: 7248: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7226: 7219: 7214: 7213: 7212: 7200: 7195: 7188: 7181: 7176: 7175: 7174: 7167:Freedom Summer 7164: 7159: 7157:Bloody Tuesday 7154: 7149: 7143: 7141: 7137: 7136: 7134: 7133: 7128: 7127: 7126: 7121: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7100: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7084: 7074: 7073: 7072: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7023: 7022: 7021: 7016: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6991: 6984: 6977: 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6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6215: 6214: 6209: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6111: 6109: 6105: 6104: 6102: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6034:Green politics 6031: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6004:Antimilitarism 6001: 5996: 5991: 5990: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5971: 5965: 5963: 5959: 5958: 5956: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5908:Peace movement 5905: 5900: 5898:Peace congress 5895: 5890: 5885: 5883:Peace churches 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5838:ECOPEACE Party 5835: 5830: 5828:Counterculture 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5789: 5787: 5783: 5782: 5779:peace movement 5771: 5770: 5763: 5756: 5748: 5742: 5741: 5736: 5735:by Rivera Sun. 5730: 5723:"Black Power!" 5718: 5717:External links 5715: 5713: 5712: 5706: 5688: 5671: 5651: 5636: 5616: 5592: 5578:2014-11-15 at 5561: 5549: 5534:Mark Kurlansky 5531: 5513: 5499: 5481: 5466: 5450: 5447: 5446: 5445: 5428: 5408: 5390: 5387:978-0674447257 5368: 5349:Peter Ackerman 5346: 5341: 5338: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5329: 5308:10.1086/291763 5274: 5249: 5224: 5199: 5174: 5163: 5152: 5140: 5104: 5074: 5047:(4): 473–489. 5027: 4994: 4975: 4960: 4940: 4915: 4890: 4865: 4840: 4833: 4809: 4796: 4773: 4760: 4737: 4717: 4705: 4689: 4673: 4660: 4630: 4609: 4588: 4570: 4547: 4522: 4496: 4478: 4455: 4437: 4414: 4401: 4372: 4356: 4343:Freedom Riders 4331: 4312: 4287: 4248: 4234:. 2011-04-24. 4219: 4189: 4175:. 2010-04-14. 4160: 4130: 4116:. 2010-08-26. 4101: 4083: 4060: 4035: 4017: 3994: 3976: 3953: 3928: 3919: 3902: 3884: 3864: 3857: 3833: 3808: 3785:"James Cowan, 3776: 3751: 3723: 3707:The Living Age 3696: 3678: 3655: 3625: 3607: 3584: 3557: 3538:(4): 479–497. 3522: 3497: 3472: 3421: 3386: 3371: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3337: 3332: 3327: 3322: 3320:Tax resistance 3317: 3315:Social defence 3312: 3307: 3302: 3297: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3253:Interpassivity 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3203: 3202: 3197: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3165: 3162: 3161: 3160: 3156:, directed by 3149: 3145:, directed by 3136: 3133: 3132: 3131: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3111: 3084: 3081: 3067: 3064: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3055: 3050: 3047: 3043: 3042: 3040: 3036: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3013: 3010: 3006: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2995: 2992: 2988: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2977: 2974: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2960: 2955: 2952: 2948: 2947: 2945: 2934: 2929: 2926: 2922: 2921: 2919: 2916:military junta 2912:Omar al-Bashir 2904: 2895: 2892: 2888: 2887: 2885: 2881: 2876: 2873: 2869: 2868: 2866: 2855: 2846: 2843: 2839: 2838: 2836: 2833: 2828: 2825: 2821: 2820: 2817: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2804: 2802: 2798: 2793: 2790: 2786: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2775: 2772: 2768: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2757: 2754: 2750: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2739: 2736: 2732: 2731: 2729: 2722:trade embargos 2718: 2713: 2710: 2706: 2705: 2703: 2692: 2687: 2684: 2680: 2679: 2677: 2675: 2670: 2667: 2663: 2662: 2660: 2656: 2635: 2632: 2628: 2627: 2625: 2582: 2577: 2574: 2570: 2569: 2567: 2532: 2527: 2524: 2520: 2519: 2517: 2502: 2497: 2494: 2490: 2489: 2487: 2462: 2457: 2454: 2450: 2449: 2447: 2437: 2432: 2429: 2425: 2424: 2422: 2411: 2406: 2403: 2399: 2398: 2396: 2381: 2376: 2373: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2351: 2346: 2343: 2342:2005–06, 2009 2339: 2338: 2336: 2325: 2320: 2317: 2313: 2312: 2310: 2291: 2286: 2283: 2279: 2278: 2276: 2272:Israeli police 2252: 2247: 2244: 2240: 2239: 2237: 2225: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2212: 2210: 2203:peace movement 2199: 2194: 2191: 2187: 2186: 2184: 2175: 2170: 2167: 2163: 2162: 2160: 2151: 2146: 2143: 2139: 2138: 2136: 2129:Azerbaijan SSR 2113: 2108: 2105: 2101: 2100: 2098: 2077: 2072: 2069: 2065: 2064: 2062: 2059: 2054: 2052:Czechoslovakia 2049: 2045: 2044: 2042: 2019: 2014: 2011: 2007: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1996: 1993: 1989: 1988: 1986: 1974: 1969: 1954: 1950: 1949: 1947: 1939: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1926: 1924: 1913:election fraud 1897: 1892: 1889: 1885: 1884: 1882: 1860:anti-communist 1853: 1839: 1836: 1832: 1831: 1829: 1815: 1810: 1807: 1803: 1802: 1800: 1789: 1784: 1781: 1777: 1776: 1774: 1767: 1762: 1760:Czechoslovakia 1757: 1753: 1752: 1750: 1731: 1726: 1723: 1719: 1718: 1695:gerrymandering 1683: 1678: 1673: 1669: 1668: 1664: 1648: 1641: 1638: 1634: 1633: 1631: 1616: 1611: 1608: 1604: 1603: 1601: 1598:hunger strikes 1578: 1573: 1570: 1566: 1565: 1563: 1536: 1531: 1528: 1524: 1523: 1521: 1489: 1476: 1473: 1469: 1468: 1466: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1421: 1420: 1418: 1407:anti-apartheid 1399: 1390: 1387: 1383: 1382: 1380: 1369: 1364: 1361: 1357: 1356: 1354: 1343: 1338: 1335: 1331: 1330: 1328: 1301: 1300:Jewish refuge 1295: 1292: 1288: 1287: 1285: 1278: 1273: 1270: 1266: 1265: 1263: 1244: 1239: 1236: 1232: 1231: 1229: 1225: 1220: 1217: 1213: 1212: 1210: 1195: 1190: 1187: 1183: 1182: 1180: 1169: 1167:Akali Movement 1164: 1159: 1155: 1154: 1152: 1147:and called it 1138: 1132: 1129: 1125: 1124: 1122: 1107: 1102: 1099: 1095: 1094: 1092: 1058: 1053: 1050: 1046: 1045: 1043: 1042:, and police. 1012: 1009: 1006: 1002: 1001: 999: 976: 971: 968: 962: 961: 959: 948: 943: 940: 936: 935: 933: 930: 925: 922: 918: 917: 915: 912: 907: 904: 900: 899: 897: 855: 849: 846: 842: 841: 839: 803: 798: 795: 791: 790: 788: 776: 771: 768: 764: 763: 761: 727: 725:Tainui-Waikato 722: 719: 715: 714: 712: 685: 680: 675: 671: 670: 668: 657:Russian Empire 651:In the failed 649: 644: 639: 635: 634: 632: 629: 624: 621: 617: 616: 614: 599: 594: 591: 587: 586: 584: 572: 567: 562: 558: 557: 555: 541: 536: 533: 529: 528: 526: 491: 486: 483: 479: 478: 476: 449: 444: 443:, New Zealand 438: 431: 430: 428: 403:not to set up 401:Pontius Pilate 390: 388:Pontius Pilate 385: 380: 376: 375: 373: 362: 357: 354: 350: 349: 346: 343: 340: 337: 330: 327: 283:tax resistance 177:Nelson Mandela 105:United Nations 101:Mahatma Gandhi 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11208: 11197: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11187: 11184: 11183: 11181: 11166: 11163: 11161: 11158: 11156: 11153: 11150: 11146: 11142: 11141:Tax protester 11139: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11131:Tax inversion 11129: 11127: 11124: 11122: 11118: 11114: 11111: 11109: 11106: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11094: 11091: 11090: 11088: 11084: 11074: 11071: 11069: 11066: 11064: 11061: 11059: 11056: 11054: 11051: 11049: 11046: 11044: 11041: 11039: 11036: 11035: 11033: 11029: 11023: 11020: 11018: 11015: 11013: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10968: 10965: 10963: 10960: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10950: 10948: 10945: 10944: 10942: 10938: 10932: 10929: 10927: 10924: 10922: 10919: 10917: 10914: 10912: 10911:Rebecca Riots 10909: 10907: 10904: 10902: 10901:Low Rebellion 10899: 10897: 10894: 10892: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10882: 10881:Anti-Rent War 10879: 10878: 10876: 10872: 10866: 10863: 10861: 10858: 10856: 10853: 10851: 10848: 10846: 10843: 10841: 10838: 10836: 10834: 10830: 10828: 10825: 10823: 10820: 10819: 10817: 10813: 10806: 10803: 10800: 10797: 10795: 10792: 10790: 10787: 10785: 10782: 10781: 10779: 10775: 10769: 10766: 10764: 10761: 10759: 10756: 10755: 10753: 10749: 10743: 10740: 10739: 10737: 10733: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10716:Tuchin Revolt 10714: 10713: 10711: 10707: 10704: 10698: 10692: 10691: 10687: 10685: 10684: 10680: 10678: 10677: 10673: 10671: 10670: 10666: 10664: 10663: 10659: 10658: 10656: 10652: 10646: 10643: 10641: 10638: 10636: 10633: 10631: 10628: 10626: 10623: 10621: 10620:Pagal Panthis 10618: 10616: 10613: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10571: 10568: 10566: 10563: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10552: 10550: 10548:Organizations 10546: 10540: 10537: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10529:Tax avoidance 10527: 10525: 10524:Simple living 10522: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10507: 10505: 10502: 10500: 10497: 10496: 10494: 10490: 10484: 10481: 10478: 10475: 10473: 10470: 10468: 10465: 10464: 10462: 10458: 10454: 10447: 10442: 10440: 10435: 10433: 10428: 10427: 10424: 10408: 10405: 10403: 10400: 10398: 10395: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10342:Gandhi Teerth 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10330: 10328: 10327:Gandhi Smriti 10325: 10323: 10320: 10318: 10315: 10313: 10312:Gandhi Market 10310: 10308: 10305: 10303: 10302:Gandhi Bhawan 10300: 10298: 10295: 10294: 10292: 10288: 10282: 10279: 10277: 10274: 10272: 10269: 10267: 10264: 10263: 10261: 10257: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10239: 10238:San Francisco 10236: 10234: 10231: 10229: 10226: 10224: 10221: 10219: 10216: 10214: 10211: 10210: 10208: 10204: 10201: 10199: 10196: 10195: 10193: 10189: 10186: 10184: 10181: 10180: 10179:South Africa 10178: 10174: 10171: 10169: 10166: 10164: 10161: 10160: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10152: 10150: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10137: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10095:Narendra Modi 10093: 10091: 10090:Morarji Desai 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10031: 10028: 10026: 10023: 10021: 10018: 10016: 10013: 10011: 10008: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9986: 9983: 9981: 9978: 9977: 9975: 9971: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9899:Manilal (son) 9897: 9895: 9894:Harilal (son) 9892: 9890: 9887: 9885: 9882: 9881: 9879: 9877: 9873: 9867: 9864: 9861: 9858: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9840: 9837: 9835: 9832: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9821: 9819: 9815: 9809: 9806: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9774: 9771: 9769: 9766: 9764: 9761: 9759: 9756: 9754: 9751: 9749: 9746: 9744: 9741: 9739: 9736: 9734: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9693:Mahadev Desai 9691: 9689: 9688:Jugatram Dave 9686: 9684: 9681: 9679: 9676: 9674: 9671: 9669: 9666: 9664: 9661: 9659: 9656: 9654: 9653:C. F. Andrews 9651: 9649: 9646: 9645: 9643: 9639: 9633: 9632:Vegetarianism 9630: 9627: 9623: 9620: 9616: 9613: 9612:Ekla Chalo Re 9609: 9606: 9602: 9598: 9595: 9594: 9593: 9592: 9588: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9550: 9549: 9544: 9543: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9495: 9492: 9490: 9489: 9488:Bhagavad Gita 9485: 9482: 9478: 9475: 9472: 9468: 9467: 9465: 9461: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9439: 9435: 9433: 9432: 9428: 9426: 9425: 9421: 9419: 9418: 9414: 9412: 9411: 9407: 9405: 9404: 9400: 9399: 9397: 9395: 9391: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9348: 9345: 9344: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9324: 9322: 9318: 9312: 9311:Assassination 9309: 9307: 9306:List of fasts 9304: 9302: 9299: 9297: 9296:Sodepur Khadi 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9279: 9277: 9274: 9270: 9267: 9266: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9243: 9240: 9239: 9238: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9225: 9223: 9220: 9218: 9215: 9211: 9208: 9207: 9206: 9203: 9201: 9198: 9196: 9193: 9191: 9188: 9186: 9183: 9181: 9178: 9176: 9173: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9162: 9160: 9158:and movements 9154: 9150: 9143: 9138: 9136: 9131: 9129: 9124: 9123: 9120: 9110: 9109: 9104: 9096: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9079:Timothy Tyson 9077: 9075: 9072: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9052: 9050: 9047: 9045: 9042: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9009:Taylor Branch 9007: 9006: 9004: 8998: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8984: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8970: 8967: 8966: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8906: 8904: 8900: 8894: 8893: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8877: 8874: 8869: 8865: 8864: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8857:Freedom songs 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8793: 8790: 8788: 8785: 8783: 8780: 8778: 8777: 8773: 8771: 8770: 8766: 8764: 8763: 8759: 8757: 8756: 8752: 8750: 8749: 8745: 8741: 8738: 8737: 8736: 8735: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8723:Jim Crow laws 8721: 8720: 8718: 8714: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8692: 8688: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8675: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8662: 8659: 8658: 8657: 8654: 8653: 8651: 8647: 8641: 8638: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8620:"Oh, Freedom" 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8597: 8595: 8589: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8568: 8562: 8559: 8557: 8554: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8546:Whitney Young 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8526:Kale Williams 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8486:Albert Turner 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8476:A. P. Tureaud 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8381:Bayard Rustin 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8322: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8312: 8309: 8307: 8304: 8302: 8299: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8254: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8232: 8231:William Moyer 8229: 8227: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8217: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8166:Joseph McNeil 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8151:Charles McDew 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8141:Benjamin Mays 8139: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8126:Vivian Malone 8124: 8122: 8119: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8101:Joseph Lowery 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8032: 8029: 8027: 8026:Clyde Kennard 8024: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8016:Vernon Jordan 8014: 8012: 8011:Matthew Jones 8009: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7976:T. J. Jemison 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7961:Jesse Jackson 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7851:Robert Graetz 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7841:Golden Frinks 7839: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7801:Charles Evers 7799: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7784: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7762: 7759: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7751:Vernon Dahmer 7749: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7706:Septima Clark 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7626:Bruce Boynton 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7592: 7589: 7587: 7584: 7582: 7579: 7577: 7574: 7572: 7569: 7567: 7564: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7551:James Baldwin 7549: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7521:Mathew Ahmann 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7504: 7503: 7501: 7497: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7419: 7418:Youth Council 7416: 7415: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7357: 7356: 7352: 7351: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7311: 7309: 7303: 7293: 7292: 7288: 7286: 7285: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7258: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7249: 7247: 7246: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7224: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7210: 7206: 7205: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7193: 7189: 7187: 7186: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7173: 7170: 7169: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7144: 7142: 7138: 7132: 7129: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7116: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7079: 7078: 7075: 7071: 7068: 7067: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7050: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7028: 7024: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7011: 7010: 7009:Freedom Rides 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6992: 6990: 6989: 6985: 6983: 6982: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6953: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6927: 6925: 6921: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6888: 6887: 6883: 6882: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6868: 6864: 6863: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6849: 6845: 6844: 6840: 6839: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6827: 6823: 6819: 6818: 6814: 6812: 6811: 6807: 6805: 6804: 6800: 6798: 6797: 6793: 6792: 6791: 6790: 6786: 6785: 6783: 6779: 6773: 6770: 6767: 6766: 6762: 6759: 6758: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6734:Prior to 1954 6732: 6729: 6726: 6719: 6714: 6707: 6702: 6700: 6695: 6693: 6688: 6687: 6684: 6672: 6669: 6668: 6665: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6653:United States 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6600: 6598: 6594: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6562: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6520: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6513:War on Terror 6511: 6507: 6504: 6503: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6476: 6472: 6469:War of 1812 ( 6468: 6467: 6465: 6459: 6453: 6450: 6447: 6443: 6440: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6428: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6411: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6399:Peacebuilding 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6374: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6337:Draft evasion 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6317:De-escalation 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6289: 6287: 6283: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6265: 6262: 6261: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6219:Peace One Day 6217: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6207: 6203: 6202: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6112: 6110: 6106: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6024:Direct action 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5982:Anarcho-punks 5980: 5978: 5975: 5974: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5966: 5964: 5960: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5948:War resisters 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5769: 5764: 5762: 5757: 5755: 5750: 5749: 5746: 5740: 5737: 5734: 5731: 5728: 5727:Ruaridh Arrow 5724: 5721: 5720: 5710: 5709:Srdja Popovic 5707: 5704: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5689: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5677: 5672: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5660: 5655: 5652: 5649: 5645: 5641: 5638:Kurt Schock, 5637: 5634: 5633:9780805044560 5630: 5626: 5625: 5620: 5617: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5605: 5600: 5596: 5593: 5590: 5586: 5582: 5581: 5577: 5574: 5569: 5565: 5562: 5559: 5558: 5553: 5550: 5547: 5543: 5539: 5535: 5532: 5529: 5525: 5521: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5500: 5497: 5493: 5489: 5485: 5482: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5465: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5452: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5434: 5429: 5426: 5422: 5418: 5417: 5412: 5409: 5406: 5402: 5398: 5394: 5391: 5388: 5384: 5380: 5376: 5372: 5369: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5354: 5350: 5347: 5344: 5343: 5325: 5321: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5301: 5297: 5293: 5287: 5285: 5283: 5281: 5279: 5263: 5259: 5253: 5239: 5235: 5228: 5214: 5210: 5203: 5188: 5184: 5178: 5172: 5167: 5161: 5156: 5150: 5144: 5128: 5124: 5123: 5118: 5111: 5109: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5078: 5070: 5066: 5062: 5058: 5054: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5031: 5023: 5019: 5013: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4991: 4987: 4986: 4979: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4957: 4954:. Routledge. 4953: 4952: 4944: 4930: 4926: 4919: 4905: 4901: 4894: 4880:on 2010-09-30 4879: 4875: 4869: 4855: 4851: 4844: 4836: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4821: 4813: 4799: 4793: 4786: 4785: 4777: 4763: 4757: 4750: 4749: 4741: 4735: 4731: 4727: 4721: 4714: 4709: 4703: 4699: 4693: 4687: 4686:0-9648304-7-7 4683: 4677: 4670: 4664: 4657: 4653: 4649: 4648: 4644: 4641: 4634: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4592: 4577: 4573: 4567: 4560: 4559: 4551: 4537:on 2009-06-16 4536: 4532: 4526: 4510: 4506: 4500: 4485: 4481: 4475: 4468: 4467: 4459: 4444: 4440: 4434: 4427: 4426: 4418: 4404: 4398: 4394: 4386: 4385: 4376: 4369: 4359: 4353: 4345: 4344: 4335: 4328: 4324: 4321: 4316: 4302: 4298: 4291: 4283: 4277: 4263:on 2013-05-01 4262: 4258: 4252: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4223: 4208: 4204: 4200: 4193: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4164: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4134: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4105: 4090: 4086: 4080: 4073: 4072: 4064: 4050:on 2011-09-28 4049: 4045: 4039: 4024: 4020: 4014: 4007: 4006: 3998: 3983: 3979: 3973: 3966: 3965: 3957: 3943: 3939: 3932: 3923: 3916: 3912: 3911:John Clifford 3906: 3891: 3887: 3885:9780520017948 3881: 3877: 3876: 3868: 3860: 3854: 3850: 3849:André Deutsch 3846: 3845: 3837: 3822: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3803: 3794: 3789: 3788: 3780: 3765: 3761: 3755: 3741:on 2011-06-16 3740: 3736: 3735: 3727: 3713: 3709: 3708: 3700: 3685: 3681: 3675: 3668: 3667: 3659: 3644: 3637: 3636: 3629: 3614: 3610: 3604: 3597: 3596: 3588: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3561: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3526: 3512: 3508: 3501: 3487: 3483: 3476: 3468: 3464: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3425: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3390: 3382: 3375: 3361: 3357: 3350: 3346: 3336: 3335:Transarmament 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3271: 3269: 3268:Nonresistance 3266: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3233:Direct action 3231: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3210: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3167: 3159: 3158:Ruaridh Arrow 3155: 3154: 3150: 3148: 3144: 3143: 3139: 3138: 3135:Documentaries 3130: 3127: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3115: 3112: 3110: 3107: 3106: 3102: 3101:London Bridge 3097: 3089: 3080: 3077: 3073: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3044: 3041: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3027:2022–present 3026: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3011: 3009:2021–present 3008: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2993: 2990: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2972: 2971: 2968: 2965: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2949: 2946: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2923: 2920: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2903: 2899: 2896: 2893: 2890: 2889: 2886: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2870: 2867: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2854: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2842:2018–present 2841: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2822: 2818: 2816: 2813: 2810: 2807: 2806: 2803: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2779: 2776: 2773: 2771:2016–present 2770: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2751: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2737: 2734: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2711: 2709:2013–present 2708: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2696:Taksim Square 2693: 2691: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2664: 2661: 2657: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2636: 2634:Saudi Arabia 2633: 2631:1979–present 2630: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2620: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2606:On 14 March, 2603: 2602:large marches 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2544:Jantar Mantar 2541: 2540:hunger strike 2537: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2510: 2507: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2481: 2476: 2472: 2467: 2463: 2461: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2444:Hosni Mubarak 2442: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2404: 2401: 2400: 2397: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2372:2009–present 2371: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2355:gas conflicts 2352: 2350: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2315: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2280: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2241: 2238: 2235: 2231: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2188: 2185: 2181: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2168: 2165: 2164: 2161: 2157: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2112: 2111:Black January 2109: 2106: 2103: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2092: 2087: 2082: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071:East Germany 2070: 2067: 2066: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2047: 2046: 2043: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2008: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1983:human shields 1980: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1952: 1951: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1928: 1925: 1922: 1918: 1917:Marcos regime 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1861: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1768: 1766: 1765:Prague Spring 1763: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1653:Ronald Reagan 1649: 1646: 1642: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1588:(1931–1972), 1587: 1583: 1582:authoritarian 1579: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1569:1959–present 1568: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1542:has been the 1541: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1527:1957–present 1526: 1525: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1505:Voting Rights 1502: 1498: 1494: 1493:Freedom Rides 1490: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1477: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1398: 1394: 1391: 1389:South Africa 1388: 1385: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1230: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1084: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1049:1919–present 1048: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1003: 1000: 997: 993: 989: 985: 981: 977: 975: 972: 969: 964: 963: 960: 957: 953: 949: 947: 944: 941: 938: 937: 934: 931: 929: 926: 923: 920: 919: 916: 913: 911: 908: 905: 902: 901: 898: 895: 891: 887: 883: 880: 876: 875:John Clifford 872: 868: 864: 863:Nonconformist 860: 856: 854: 850: 847: 844: 843: 840: 837: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 802: 799: 796: 793: 792: 789: 785: 781: 777: 775: 772: 769: 766: 765: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 731: 728: 726: 723: 720: 717: 716: 713: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 684: 681: 679: 676: 673: 672: 669: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 637: 636: 633: 630: 628: 625: 622: 619: 618: 615: 612: 608: 604: 600: 598: 595: 592: 589: 588: 585: 581: 577: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 560: 559: 556: 554: 550: 546: 542: 540: 537: 534: 531: 530: 527: 524: 520: 516: 512: 511:Percy Shelley 508: 504: 500: 496: 492: 490: 487: 484: 481: 480: 477: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 448: 445: 442: 439: 433: 432: 429: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 409:Roman emperor 406: 402: 398: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 378: 377: 374: 371: 370:fortification 367: 363: 361: 358: 355: 352: 351: 347: 344: 342:Main article 341: 338: 335: 334: 326: 322: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 271:protest music 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 223: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 193: 188: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 96: 92: 88: 84: 80: 77: 73: 69: 65: 61: 53: 46: 42: 38: 33: 26: 21: 11108:Irwin Schiff 10987:Mau movement 10982:Johnson cult 10906:Mejba Revolt 10832: 10688: 10681: 10674: 10667: 10660: 10504:Gift economy 10357:Kirti Mandir 10276:Martyrs' Day 10183:Johannesburg 10125:Vinoba Bhave 10110:Ramjee Singh 10070:Maulana Azad 10045:James Lawson 9909:Devdas (son) 9904:Ramdas (son) 9860:Indian rupee 9798:Abbas Tyabji 9673:Vinoba Bhave 9589: 9546: 9540: 9498: 9486: 9437: 9429: 9422: 9415: 9409: 9402: 9394:Publications 9205:Purna Swaraj 9170:Tolstoy Farm 9099: 9039:David Garrow 9019:John Dittmer 8890: 8817:Brown Chapel 8774: 8767: 8760: 8753: 8746: 8732: 8689: 8541:Andrew Young 8496:A. T. Walden 8491:C. T. Vivian 8451:Maxine Smith 8286:Homer Plessy 8266:James Orange 8221:Irene Morgan 8176:William Ming 8156:Ralph McGill 8091:Viola Liuzzo 8076:Jim Letherer 8061:James Lawson 7991:Vernon Johns 7981:Esau Jenkins 7936:Myles Horton 7886:Fred Hampton 7876:Prathia Hall 7866:Dick Gregory 7836:Marie Foster 7831:James Forman 7821:James Farmer 7806:Medgar Evers 7766:Angela Davis 7701:Ramsey Clark 7681:James Chaney 7676:Johnnie Carr 7656:Ralph Bunche 7651:H. Rap Brown 7641:Ruby Bridges 7601:Joanne Bland 7576:Claude Black 7556:Marion Barry 7526:Muhammad Ali 7353: 7289: 7282: 7243: 7221: 7190: 7183: 7025: 6986: 6979: 6909:Kissing Case 6884: 6841: 6824: 6815: 6808: 6801: 6794: 6787: 6763: 6755: 6496:World War II 6383: 6352:Flower power 6204: 6044:Isolationism 5918:Peace treaty 5694: 5674: 5657: 5639: 5622: 5602: 5595:Adam Roberts 5571: 5564:Adam Roberts 5555: 5537: 5519: 5516:Michael King 5502: 5487: 5469: 5431: 5430:Gene Sharp, 5414: 5396: 5374: 5356: 5299: 5295: 5266:. 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