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Norman Steenrod

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31: 433: 310:) that generalized the cup product. The additional structure made cohomology a finer invariant. The Steenrod cohomology operations form a (non-commutative) algebra under composition, known as the 282:
from 1939 to 1942, and the University of Michigan from 1942 to 1947. He moved to Princeton University in 1947, and remained on the Faculty there for the rest of his career. He was editor of the
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was understood by the early 1940s. Steenrod was able to define operations from one cohomology group to another (the so-called
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Steenrod, Norman E. (1947). "Products of cocycles and extensions of mappings".
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Steenrod, Norman E. (1943). "Homology with local coefficients".
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Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
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most widely known for his contributions to the field of
259:(A.B. 1932). After receiving a master's degree from 704: 423: 267:. He completed his Ph.D. under the direction of 754: 325:, he was a founder of the axiomatic approach to 539:, Annals of Mathematics Studies, vol. 50, 321:is a standard reference. In collaboration with 673:Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 634:Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 619: 685: 646: 472: 454: 661: 528: 489: 384: 716:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive 429:"Axiomatic approach to homology theory" 755: 593:"Norman Steenrod, Expert in Topology" 773:20th-century American mathematicians 298:Thanks to Lefschetz and others, the 13: 14: 834: 698: 29: 687:10.1090/s0002-9904-1964-11157-5 648:10.1090/s0002-9904-1958-10211-6 378: 278:Steenrod held positions at the 808:University of Michigan faculty 655: 613: 601:. October 16, 1971. p. 34 585: 572: 427:; Steenrod, Norman E. (1945). 1: 813:University of Michigan alumni 803:University of Chicago faculty 731:Mathematics Genealogy Project 627:The topology of fibre bundles 565: 319:The Topology of Fibre Bundles 793:Princeton University faculty 662:Szczarba, Robert H. (1964). 529:Steenrod, Norman E. (1962), 288:National Academy of Sciences 7: 788:Princeton University alumni 336: 10: 839: 625:"Review: Norman Steenrod, 580:First Concepts of Topology 541:Princeton University Press 778:Harvard University alumni 578:Steenrod, Norman, et al. 348:Eilenberg–Steenrod axioms 331:Eilenberg–Steenrod axioms 273:Universal homology groups 222: 180: 168: 150: 140: 133: 124:Eilenberg–Steenrod axioms 119: 86: 78: 59: 37: 28: 21: 818:Mathematicians from Ohio 783:People from Dayton, Ohio 721:University of St Andrews 263:in 1934, he enrolled at 735:Michael Hoffman (2013) 293: 271:, with a thesis titled 242: 257:University of Michigan 159:University of Michigan 91:University of Michigan 16:American mathematician 666:Cohomology operations 536:Cohomology operations 493:Annals of Mathematics 456:10.1073/pnas.31.4.117 388:Annals of Mathematics 284:Annals of Mathematics 280:University of Chicago 155:University of Chicago 71:Princeton, New Jersey 798:American topologists 707:Robertson, Edmund F. 531:Epstein, David B. A. 286:and a member of the 265:Princeton University 229:Norman Earl Steenrod 163:Princeton University 109:Princeton University 705:O'Connor, John J.; 447:1945PNAS...31..117E 368:Steenrod operations 217:George W. Whitehead 742:2008-12-31 at the 598:The New York Times 261:Harvard University 251:, and educated at 237:algebraic topology 209:Paul A. Schweitzer 100:Harvard University 711:"Norman Steenrod" 550:978-0-691-07924-0 425:Eilenberg, Samuel 363:Steenrod homology 343:Abstract nonsense 269:Solomon Lefschetz 226: 225: 205:William S. Massey 181:Doctoral students 175:Solomon Lefschetz 135:Scientific career 830: 748:US Naval Academy 723: 692: 691: 689: 659: 653: 652: 650: 617: 611: 610: 608: 606: 589: 583: 576: 561: 525: 486: 476: 458: 420: 373:Steenrod problem 358:Steenrod algebra 323:Samuel Eilenberg 312:Steenrod algebra 308:Steenrod squares 253:Miami University 170:Doctoral advisor 128:Steenrod squares 66: 47: 45: 33: 19: 18: 838: 837: 833: 832: 831: 829: 828: 827: 753: 752: 744:Wayback Machine 737:Norman Steenrod 727:Norman Steenrod 701: 696: 695: 660: 656: 618: 614: 604: 602: 591: 590: 586: 577: 573: 568: 551: 506:10.2307/1969172 401:10.2307/1969099 381: 339: 327:homology theory 296: 247:He was born in 245: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 197:Wu-Chung Hsiang 195: 191: 187: 161: 157: 126: 107: 98: 87:Alma mater 74: 68: 64: 63:14 October 1971 55: 49: 43: 41: 24: 23:Norman Steenrod 17: 12: 11: 5: 836: 826: 825: 820: 815: 810: 805: 800: 795: 790: 785: 780: 775: 770: 765: 751: 750: 733: 724: 700: 699:External links 697: 694: 693: 680:(4): 482–483. 654: 641:(4): 202–203. 612: 584: 570: 569: 567: 564: 563: 562: 549: 526: 500:(2): 290–320. 487: 441:(4): 117–120. 421: 395:(4): 610–627. 380: 377: 376: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 338: 335: 295: 292: 244: 241: 224: 223: 220: 219: 189:Peter J. Freyd 182: 178: 177: 172: 166: 165: 152: 148: 147: 142: 138: 137: 131: 130: 121: 120:Known for 117: 116: 88: 84: 83: 80: 76: 75: 69: 67:(aged 61) 61: 57: 56: 50: 48:April 22, 1910 39: 35: 34: 26: 25: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 835: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 766: 764: 761: 760: 758: 749: 745: 741: 738: 734: 732: 728: 725: 722: 718: 717: 712: 708: 703: 702: 688: 683: 679: 675: 674: 669: 667: 658: 649: 644: 640: 636: 635: 630: 628: 622: 616: 600: 599: 594: 588: 581: 575: 571: 560: 556: 552: 546: 542: 538: 537: 532: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 494: 488: 484: 480: 475: 470: 466: 462: 457: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 435: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 389: 383: 382: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 340: 334: 332: 328: 324: 320: 315: 313: 309: 305: 302:structure of 301: 291: 289: 285: 281: 276: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 240: 238: 234: 233:mathematician 230: 221: 218: 214: 213:Edwin Spanier 210: 206: 202: 201:Jerome Levine 198: 194: 193:Samuel Gitler 190: 186: 183: 179: 176: 173: 171: 167: 164: 160: 156: 153: 149: 146: 143: 139: 136: 132: 129: 125: 122: 118: 114: 110: 105: 101: 96: 92: 89: 85: 81: 77: 72: 62: 58: 53: 40: 36: 32: 27: 20: 714: 677: 671: 665: 657: 638: 632: 626: 621:Milnor, John 615: 603:. Retrieved 596: 587: 579: 574: 535: 497: 491: 438: 432: 392: 386: 379:Publications 353:Fiber bundle 318: 316: 297: 277: 272: 249:Dayton, Ohio 246: 228: 227: 151:Institutions 134: 65:(1971-10-14) 52:Dayton, Ohio 768:1971 deaths 763:1910 births 300:cup product 145:Mathematics 79:Nationality 757:Categories 566:References 304:cohomology 44:1910-04-22 664:"Review: 605:March 29, 317:His book 185:JosĂ© Adem 740:Archived 623:(1958). 483:16578143 337:See also 82:American 729:at the 559:0145525 533:(ed.), 522:0022071 514:1969172 474:1078770 465:0012228 443:Bibcode 417:0009114 409:1969099 329:. 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Index


Dayton, Ohio
Princeton, New Jersey
University of Michigan
BA
Harvard University
MA
Princeton University
PhD
Eilenberg–Steenrod axioms
Steenrod squares
Mathematics
University of Chicago
University of Michigan
Princeton University
Doctoral advisor
Solomon Lefschetz
José Adem
Peter J. Freyd
Samuel Gitler
Wu-Chung Hsiang
Jerome Levine
William S. Massey
Paul A. Schweitzer
Edwin Spanier
George W. Whitehead
mathematician
algebraic topology
Dayton, Ohio
Miami University

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