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802:. Vietnamese hopes that these figures would head an uprising against Pol Pot turned out to be groundless: So Phim perished during the revolt in June 1978, while Nuon Chea, as it is known, turned out to be one of the most devoted followers of Pol Pot—he did not defect to the Vietnamese side....It is difficult to understand why until the end of 1978 it was believed in Hanoi that Nuon Chea was 'their man' in spite of the fact that all previous experience should have proved quite the contrary. Was Hanoi unaware of his permanent siding with Pol Pot, his demands that 'the
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itself, including bizarre "confessions" extracted under torture at Tuol Sleng and photographs of purge victims, as well as a recording made by a
Cambodian journalist prior to Chea's 2007 arrest in which Chea admitted: "Believe me, if these traitors were alive, the Khmers as a people would have been finished. ... If we had shown mercy to these people, the nation would have been lost."
679:
882:, which charged him with war crimes and crimes against humanity. He was held continuously in detention after his arrest. In February 2008, Chea told the court that his case should be handled according to international standards. He argued that the court should delay proceedings because his Dutch lawyer, Michiel Pestman, had not yet arrived.
905:
In his closing brief before the court, numbering some 500 pages, Chea "blamed
Vietnamese agents for virtually everything that went wrong during Khmer Rouge rule." He also denied responsibility for mass killings, but this was contradicted by detailed documentation left behind by the Khmer Rouge regime
660:
recalls: "Nuon Chea has asked for help and we have liberated five provinces of
Cambodia in ten days." In 1970, in fact, Vietnamese forces occupied almost a quarter of the territory of Cambodia, and the zone of communist control grew several times, as power in the so-called liberated regions was given
885:
In May 2013, Chea told the court and the victims' families, "I feel remorseful for the crimes that were committed intentionally or unintentionally, whether or not I had known about it or not known about it." On 7 August 2014, the court convicted Chea of crimes against humanity and sentenced him to
806:
should not be allowed to reside in
Kampuchea', his extreme cruelty, as well as of the fact that, 'in comparison with Nuon Chea, people considered Pol Pot a paragon of kindness'?" Nuon Chea was forced to abandon his position as president of the Assembly, along with all others as the Vietnamese
665:, although Chea "consistently and consciously deceived the Vietnamese principals concerning the real plans of the Khmer leadership." As a result, "Hanoi did not undertake any action to change the power pattern within the top ranks of the Communist Party to their own benefit."
597:
on 7 July 1926. Nuon's father, Lao Liv, worked as a trader as well as a corn farmer, while his mother, Dos Peanh, was a tailor. An interview by a
Japanese researcher in 2003 with Nuon Chea quoted that Liv was Chinese, while Peanh was the daughter of a Chinese immigrant from
922:, aged 93. He had been hospitalized since 2 July for lack of blood-flow to his toe which turned black. Chea's circulation was not delivering blood properly to it. Lack of proper blood flow brought infection of his toe which eventually killed him, most likely by causing
797:
resigned for one month, citing health reasons. According to Dmitry
Mosyakov, "In October 1978, Hanoi still believed that 'there were two prominent party figures in Phnom Penh who sympathized with Vietnam—Nuon Chea and the former first secretary of the Eastern Zone,
2827:
1271:
2607:
1003:
656:'s government: "In April–May 1970, many North Vietnamese forces entered Cambodia in response to the call for help addressed to Vietnam not by Pol Pot, but by his deputy Nuon Chea.
890:. His lawyer immediately announced that Chea would appeal against his conviction. Chea faced a separate trial for the crime of genocide in the same court. The court found him and
823:; Chea was reportedly "furious" that Duch failed to destroy Tuol Sleng's extensive archives documenting torture and mass murder at the prison before the Vietnamese took the site.
1209:
652:
As documented in the Soviet archives, Nuon Chea played a major role in negotiating the North
Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia in 1970, with the intent of forcing the collapse of
2782:
1137:
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to the CPK . At that time, relations between Pol Pot and the North
Vietnamese leaders were especially warm." The North Vietnamese trusted Nuon Chea more than Pol Pot or
2593:
793:
held its first plenary session during 11–13 April 1976, Chea was elected president of its
Standing Committee. He briefly held office as acting prime minister when
838:, himself a former member of the Khmer Rouge, agreed to forsake attempts to prosecute Chea, a decision that was condemned by Western nations. American journalist
2822:
2616:
870:
Extraordinary
Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) finds Nuon Chea and Khieu Samphan guilty and gives them both life sentences for crimes against humanity.
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606:
that he was only a quarter Chinese through his half-Chinese father. As a child, Nuon Chea was raised in both Chinese and Khmer customs. The family prayed at a
56:
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2219:
558:
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in 2018. These life sentences were merged into a single life sentence by the Trial Chamber on 16 November 2018. He died while serving his sentence in 2019.
2197:
1135:
The Young Nuon Chea in Bangkok (1942 1950)and the Communist Party of Thailand: The Life in Bangkok of the Man Who Became “Brother No. 2” in the Khmer Rouge
1960:
2842:
2777:
1238:
Dmitry Mosyakov, "The Khmer Rouge and the Vietnamese Communists: A History of Their Relations as Told in the Soviet Archives," in Susan E. Cook, ed.,
2797:
2787:
815:(more commonly known as Duch), who described Chea as "the principal man for the killings," Chea "ordered me to kill all the remaining prisoners" at
2802:
1516:
846:, describes Nuon Chea as "probably more guilty than Pol Pot himself for the actual killings that went on while the Khmer Rouge were in power."
790:
61:
1685:
1173:
Rewriting Cambodian History to 'Adapt' It to a New Political Context: The Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party's Historiography (1979–1991)
999:
1955:
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1055:
1695:
2212:
1636:
1134:
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1242:
Yale Genocide Studies Program Monograph Series No. 1, 2004, p54ff. Available online at: www.yale.edu/gsp/publications/Mosyakov.doc
649:, he was generally known as "Brother Number Two." Unlike most of the leaders of the Khmer Rouge, Chea was not educated in France.
1341:
1690:
630:
1158:
2812:
1768:
2227:
1445:
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on 16 November 2018. These life sentences were merged into a single life sentence by the Trial Chamber on 16 November 2018.
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2205:
1574:
626:
1604:
2338:
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1981:
1901:
1493:
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1945:
2508:
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776:
715:
1119:
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1431:
743:
277:
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In December 1998, Chea surrendered as part of the last remnants of Khmer Rouge resistance which was based in
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134:
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1161:, Day 4–5 December 2011, Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, retrieved 29 October 2013
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1188:
Revising the Past in Democratic Kampuchea: When Was the Birthday of the Party?: Notes and Comments
634:
566:
450:
400:
747:
1509:"Top Khmer Rouge leaders found guilty of crimes against humanity, sentenced to life in prison"
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On 19 September 2007, 81 year old Chea was arrested at his home in Pailin and flown to the
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8:
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1925:
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1145:
895:
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1057:รู้หรือไม่? "นวน เจีย" จำเลยฆ่าล้างเผ่าพันธุ์ชาวเขมร เคยเรียนมหาวิทยาลัยใดในเมืองไทย
2358:
2313:
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1950:
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2017:
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41:
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Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by international courts and tribunals
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2736:
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2483:
2448:
1891:
1818:
1000:
Provisional Detention Order (Ordonnance de placement en détention provisoire)
926:
of blood and eventual multiple organs failure. His body was later brought to
891:
619:
570:
522:
82:
1446:"Former Khmer Rouge foreign minister, detained for trial, taken to hospital"
1210:"Cambodian Khmer Rouge's chief ideologist, 'Brother Number Two', dead at 93"
1002:, Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, retrieved 7 August 2009
2328:
2003:
1843:
1838:
1641:
812:
645:(later renamed as the Communist Party of Kampuchea) in September 1960. In
2722:
2712:
2676:
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2010:
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1098:
839:
534:
213:
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2478:
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1539:"Cambodian court sentences two former Khmer Rouge leaders to life term"
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297:
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2518:
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1272:"Nuon Chea, Khmer Rouge's infamous 'Brother Number Two,' dies at 93"
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Transcript of Trial Proceedings–Case File Nº 002/19-09-2007-ECCC/TC
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in Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 31, No. 4. (Oct. 1997), pp. 807–846.
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In the 1940s, Nuon Chea studied at Wat Benchamabophit School and
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festival. Nuon Chea started school at seven, and was educated in
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554:
533:
politician and revolutionary who was the chief ideologist of the
102:
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2453:
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of 1975–1979. In 2014, Nuon Chea received a life sentence for
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92:
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571-page closing brief, Chea’s version of Khmer Rouge history
899:
1706:
Documentary Feature Film featuring interviews with Nuon Chea
1680:
1637:"Nuon Chea, ideologue of Cambodia's Khmer Rouge, dies at 93"
754:
1567:"Top Khmer Rouge leaders guilty of crimes against humanity"
610:
temple, but observed Chinese religious customs during the
1512:
1619:"Khmer Rouge leaders found guilty of Cambodia genocide"
1597:"Khmer Rouge leaders found guilty of Cambodia genocide"
1305:"Nuon Chea, Khmer Rouge's Chief Ideologist, Dies at 93"
1696:"Brother Number Two Enjoys Retirement" Full Transcript
2783:
Cambodian people convicted of crimes against humanity
553:), as he was second-in-command to Khmer Rouge leader
1418:"Top former Khmer Rouge leader arrested in Cambodia"
1365:"Cambodian leader resists punishing top Khmer Rouge"
602:
and his Khmer wife. In 2011, however, Chea told the
191:
Deputy Secretary of the Communist Party of Kampuchea
2793:Cambodian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
1486:"Khmer Rouge leader Nuon Chea expresses 'remorse'"
981:. Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia
834: border. The government under Prime Minister
789:As the recently proclaimed state legislature, the
1253:Genocide in Cambodia and Rwanda: new perspectives
641:. He was elected Deputy General Secretary of the
569:, alongside another top-tier Khmer Rouge leader,
16:Cambodian politician and war criminal (1926–2019)
2734:
1681:Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia
1148:) No. 12 (March 2009), retrieved 29 October 2013
2617:Presidents of the National Assembly of Cambodia
1024:"Brother No 2 Nuon Chea's body taken to Pailin"
811:in January 1979. According to prison commander
692:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling
2823:Presidents of the National Assembly (Cambodia)
500:; 7 July 1926 – 4 August 2019), also known as
2838:Heads of government who were later imprisoned
2601:
2213:
1762:
1195:, Vol. 56, No. 2 (Summer, 1983), pp. 288–300.
2808:People convicted by the Khmer Rouge Tribunal
1265:
1263:
1261:
1129:
1127:
1092:Khuon, Narim; Khy, Sovuthy (5 August 2019).
1087:
1085:
1083:
993:
203:30 September 1960 – 6 December 1981
147:27 September 1976 – 25 October 1976
1298:
1296:
1294:
1234:
1232:
1230:
973:
971:
969:
791:Kampuchean People's Representative Assembly
633:. He began his political activities in the
517:
62:Kampuchean People's Representative Assembly
2608:
2594:
2220:
2206:
1769:
1755:
1531:
1203:
1201:
888:imprisonment for the remainder of his life
757:. Please do not remove this message until
40:
2843:Prisoners who died in Cambodian detention
2778:Cambodian politicians convicted of crimes
1500:
1258:
1124:
1080:
777:Learn how and when to remove this message
716:Learn how and when to remove this message
2798:Communist Party of Kampuchea politicians
2788:Cambodian politicians of Chinese descent
1291:
1269:
1227:
1179:
1091:
966:
865:
853:
753:Relevant discussion may be found on the
629:in Bangkok and worked part-time for the
2803:Communist Party of Thailand politicians
1506:
1255:, Transaction Publishers, 2005, page 62
1198:
1094:"Brother Number 2 Nuon Chea dies at 93"
914:Nuon Chea died on 4 August 2019 at the
573:, and a further trial convicted him of
74:13 April 1976 – 7 January 1979
2735:
1729:Prime Minister of Democratic Kampuchea
1362:
1302:
1064:(in Thai). 8 July 2014. Archived from
1017:
1015:
934:, before cremation in accordance with
539:Prime Minister of Democratic Kampuchea
135:Prime Minister of Democratic Kampuchea
2589:
2201:
1750:
1395:
1377:from the original on 27 January 2011
1207:
1021:
727:
672:
627:Faculty of Law, Thammasat University
1982:Communist Youth League of Kampuchea
1902:Khmer National Liberation Committee
1519:from the original on 11 August 2014
1496:from the original on 27 April 2014.
1430:. 18 September 2007. Archived from
1270:Branigin, William (4 August 2019).
1144:, Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies (
1012:
849:
537:. He also briefly served as acting
57:President of the Standing Committee
13:
2753:20th-century Cambodian politicians
2129:Democratic National Union Movement
1577:from the original on 7 August 2014
14:
2854:
1674:
1607:from the original on 8 June 2023.
1462:. 4 February 2008. Archived from
1363:Mydans, Seth (29 December 1998).
1344:from the original on 14 July 2011
1208:Thul, Prak Chan (4 August 2019).
2721:
2625:
2229:
1936:Vietnamese invasions of Cambodia
1865:
1857:
916:Khmer-Soviet Friendship Hospital
732:
677:
631:Thai Ministry of Foreign Affairs
394:
374:
353:
338:
324:
2818:People from Battambang province
2158:Victorious Seventeenth of April
2124:Khmer National Solidarity Party
1664:Top Khmer leader Nuon Chea dies
1657:
1629:
1611:
1589:
1559:
1507:McKirdy, Euan (7 August 2014).
1478:
1438:
1410:
1389:
1356:
1332:"Khmer Rouge leaders surrender"
1324:
1245:
1240:Genocide in Cambodia and Rwanda
894:guilty of genocide against the
842:, the last person to interview
2504:People's Republic of Kampuchea
2119:Cambodian National Unity Party
1946:Cambodian Conflict (1979–1998)
1691:The Rape Of Khmer Muslim Women
1303:Mydans, Seth (4 August 2019).
1164:
1151:
1113:
1048:
1:
2114:Party of Democratic Kampuchea
1398:"Cambodia - Pol Pot's Shadow"
1396:Pike, Amanda (October 2002).
960:
580:
2813:People convicted of genocide
1779:Communist Party of Kampuchea
1451:International New York Times
1423:International Herald Tribune
1022:Voun, Dara (6 August 2019).
541:. He was commonly known as "
381:Communist Party of Kampuchea
7:
2833:Thammasat University alumni
2236:Prime ministers of Cambodia
1882:Indochinese Communist Party
1403:Public Broadcasting Service
941:
759:conditions to do so are met
164:Pol Pot (General Secretary)
10:
2859:
643:Workers Party of Kampuchea
2773:Khmer Rouge party members
2768:Cambodian revolutionaries
2719:
2632:
2623:
2572:
2537:
2502:
2467:
2422:
2337:
2272:
2247:
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2139:
2106:
2075:
2027:
1995:
1974:
1874:
1855:
1791:
1735:
1726:
1718:
1713:
1701:Cambodia Tribunal Monitor
668:
561:of the Party, during the
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39:
30:
23:
1941:Cambodian–Vietnamese War
1056:
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31:
1547:. The Cambodia News.Net
1006:15 October 2008 at the
635:Communist Party of Siam
567:crimes against humanity
451:Crimes against humanity
401:Communist Party of Siam
1140:15 August 2011 at the
871:
863:
585:Nuon Chea was born as
2657:Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum
2647:Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum
2399:Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum
2294:Sisowath Watchayavong
949:Enemies of the People
869:
858:Chea on trial at the
857:
238:None, party dissolved
2763:Cambodian communists
2469:Democratic Kampuchea
2439:Sisowath Sirik Matak
2249:Kingdom of Kampuchea
2171:Anti-intellectualism
1966:Khmer Rouge Tribunal
1921:Democratic Kampuchea
1897:United Issarak Front
1603:. 16 November 2018.
1340:. 26 December 1998.
1185:Chandler, David P.,
1170:Frings, K. Viviane.
1120:Profile of Nuon Chea
876:Khmer Rouge Tribunal
860:Khmer Rouge Tribunal
647:Democratic Kampuchea
622:, French and Khmer.
604:Khmer Rouge Tribunal
429:Thammasat University
227:Position established
2758:Cambodian Buddhists
2539:Kingdom of Cambodia
2339:Kingdom of Cambodia
2274:French Protectorate
2176:Communist terrorism
2165:Holiday in Cambodia
1909:Cambodian Civil War
1625:. 16 November 2018.
1277:The Washington Post
1029:The Phnom Penh Post
819:shortly before the
804:Vietnamese minority
746:of this article is
529:), was a Cambodian
2289:Sisowath Youtevong
2062:Agrarian socialism
2052:National communism
1931:Cambodian genocide
1914:Fall of Phnom Penh
1714:Political offices
1466:on 27 January 2011
1434:on 1 October 2007.
1370:The New York Times
1310:The New York Times
955:Cambodian genocide
872:
864:
696:You can assist by
608:Theravada Buddhist
600:Shantou, Guangdong
563:Cambodian genocide
543:Brother Number Two
129:Position abolished
2730:
2729:
2708:Norodom Ranariddh
2583:
2582:
2549:Norodom Ranariddh
2509:State of Cambodia
2319:Sisowath Monipong
2284:Sisowath Monireth
2195:
2194:
2057:Khmer nationalism
1926:Mayaguez incident
1745:
1744:
1736:Succeeded by
1573:. 7 August 2014.
1455:HighBeam Research
1146:Waseda University
1068:on 19 August 2014
896:Vietnamese people
862:, 5 December 2011
787:
786:
779:
726:
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559:General Secretary
483:
482:
465:Life imprisonment
365:
350:
335:
209:General Secretary
107:General Secretary
2850:
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2629:
2610:
2603:
2596:
2587:
2586:
2359:Norodom Sihanouk
2314:Norodom Sihanouk
2259:Norodom Sihanouk
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2140:Related Articles
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1951:Battle of Pailin
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1719:Preceded by
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1133:Eiji Murashima,
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1073:
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1041:
1036:on 6 August 2019
1032:. Archived from
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988:
986:
975:
850:Arrest and trial
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527:รุ่งเลิศ เหล่าดี
521:
520:
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461:Criminal penalty
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331:French Indochina
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282:French Indochina
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248:Personal details
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2681:Tan Kim Huon
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2329:Huy Kanthoul
2163:
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2016:
2009:
2004:Tung Padevat
2002:
1996:Publications
1862:
1844:Ieng Thirith
1803:
1727:
1667:Manila Times
1666:
1659:
1647:. Retrieved
1642:Bangkok Post
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1579:. Retrieved
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1464:the original
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1103:. Retrieved
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1066:the original
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983:. Retrieved
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690:copy editing
688:may require
687:
651:
624:
587:Lao Kim Lorn
586:
584:
542:
519:រុងឡឺត ឡាវឌី
513:
510:ឡុង ប៊ុនរត្ន
502:Long Bunruot
501:
498:Lao Kim Lorn
497:
485:
484:
390:affiliations
293:(2019-08-04)
257:Lao Kim Lorn
237:
233:Succeeded by
198:
181:Succeeded by
142:
125:Succeeded by
93:Chhit Choeun
69:
46:Chea in 2013
18:
2748:2019 deaths
2743:1926 births
2713:Heng Samrin
2684:Ung Bun Hor
2677:Yem Sambaur
2512:(1979–1993)
2472:(1975–1979)
2427:(1970–1975)
2389:Pho Proeung
2342:(1953–1970)
2309:Yem Sambaur
2277:(1945–1953)
2107:Derivatives
2011:Tong Kraham
1157:Sann Rada,
1105:21 February
1099:Khmer Times
979:"NUON Chea"
938:tradition.
840:Nate Thayer
535:Khmer Rouge
383:(1960–1981)
364:(1960–2019)
349:(1941–1960)
334:(1926–1941)
320:Nationality
267:7 July 1926
223:Preceded by
214:Tou Samouth
171:Preceded by
115:Preceded by
2737:Categories
2662:Cheng Heng
2642:Chuop Hell
2479:Penn Nouth
2459:Long Boret
2364:Leng Ngeth
2349:Penn Nouth
2304:Penn Nouth
2299:Chhean Vam
2098:New People
2045:Pol Potism
2028:Ideologies
961:References
920:Phnom Penh
880:Phnom Penh
817:Tuol Sleng
809:Phnom Penh
744:neutrality
698:editing it
595:Battambang
581:Early life
424:Alma mater
410:Ly Kimseng
315:, Cambodia
300:, Cambodia
298:Phnom Penh
274:Battambang
263:1926-07-07
2688:Nuon Chea
2667:Ek Yi Oun
2637:Ieu Koeus
2564:Hun Manet
2519:Pen Sovan
2489:Nuon Chea
2384:Ek Yi Oun
2188:Communism
2093:Year Zero
1809:Ieng Sary
1804:Nuon Chea
1470:10 August
1316:12 August
1283:12 August
1072:15 August
928:Sala Krau
807:captured
767:July 2024
755:talk page
706:July 2024
663:Ieng Sary
531:communist
486:Nuon Chea
309:Sala Krau
199:In office
152:President
79:President
70:In office
25:Nuon Chea
2703:Chea Sim
2698:Son Sann
2693:Chea Sim
2554:Ung Huot
2414:Son Sann
2369:Khim Tit
2354:Chan Nak
2076:Concepts
1987:Santebal
1834:Hou Yuon
1649:4 August
1623:BBC News
1605:Archived
1601:BBC News
1581:8 August
1575:Archived
1571:BBC News
1551:8 August
1523:7 August
1517:Archived
1494:Archived
1490:BBC News
1381:7 August
1375:Archived
1348:7 August
1342:Archived
1337:BBC News
1219:4 August
1138:Archived
1062:Matichon
1040:6 August
1004:Archived
985:17 April
942:See also
936:Buddhist
898:and the
832:Thailand
748:disputed
616:Qingming
591:Voat Kor
575:genocide
455:genocide
415:Children
361:Cambodia
346:Thailand
278:Cambodia
270:Voat Kor
2559:Hun Sen
2529:Hun Sen
2524:Chan Sy
2494:Pol Pot
2434:Lon Nol
2409:Lon Nol
2379:Sim Var
2374:San Yun
2147:MONATIO
2083:Autarky
1961:PGNUNSC
1875:History
1849:Ke Pauk
1824:Son Sen
1799:Pol Pot
1739:Pol Pot
1722:Pol Pot
1214:Reuters
844:Pol Pot
836:Hun Sen
800:So Phim
795:Pol Pot
654:Lon Nol
639:Bangkok
555:Pol Pot
551:បងធំទី២
496:; born
217:Pol Pot
185:Pol Pot
175:Pol Pot
119:Tol Sat
103:Pol Pot
2672:In Tam
2576:acting
2454:In Tam
2252:(1945)
2088:Angkar
2040:Maoism
1829:Hu Nim
1814:Ta Mok
1792:People
932:Pailin
924:sepsis
828:Pailin
669:Career
494:នួន ជា
467:(2014)
407:Spouse
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160:Leader
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99:Leader
89:Deputy
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1733:1976
1191:, in
910:Death
900:Chams
547:Khmer
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506:Khmer
490:Khmer
2507:and
2240:list
1956:GCDK
1651:2019
1583:2014
1553:2014
1525:2014
1472:2014
1383:2014
1350:2014
1318:2019
1285:2019
1221:2019
1107:2021
1074:2014
1042:2019
987:2014
741:The
620:Thai
614:and
523:Thai
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288:Died
253:Born
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