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located transmission push buttons on a stalk on the steering column, proved troublesome, adding to the car's negative reputation, possibly soon to become an orphan. Model series remained the same, but the V8 was now enlarged to 374 cu in (6.1 L) for the Senior series, the largest in the industry. In the top-of-the-line
Caribbean, that engine produced 310 hp (230 kW). Clippers continued to use the 352 engine. There were plans for an all−new 1957 line of Senior Packards based on the show car Predictor. Clippers and Studebakers would also share many inner and outer body panels. (A private presentation of this 1957 new-car program was made to Wall Street's investment bankers at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York in January 1956.) These models were in many ways far advanced from what would be produced by any other automaker at the time, save Chrysler, which soon felt public wrath for its poor quality issues after rushing its all−new 1957 lines into production. Nance was dismissed and moved to Ford as the head of the new Mercury-Edsel-Lincoln division. Although Nance tried everything, the company failed to secure funding for retooling, forcing Packard to share Studebaker platforms and body designs. With no funding to retool for the advanced new models envisioned, Studebaker-Packard's fate was sealed. The large Packard was effectively dead in an executive decision to kill "the car we could not afford to lose". The last fully Packard-designed vehicle, a Patrician four-door sedan, rolled off the Conner Avenue assembly line on June 25, 1956.
917:, a wagon-like body that was mostly steel, with a good deal of decorative wood in the back. A total of 3,864 were sold over its three years of production. The Packards of the late 1940s and early 1950s were built with traditional craftsmanship and the best materials, but the combination of the lower-priced Packards leading sales and impacting the prestige of their higher-end models and some questionable marketing decisions, Packard's crown as "king" of the luxury car market was at risk. In 1950, sales dropped to 42,000 cars for the model year. When Packard's president George T. Christopher set the course for an evolutionary styling approach with a facelift for 1951, others wanted a radical new design. Christopher resigned and Packard treasurer Hugh Ferry became president and demanded a new direction. Ferry, who had spent his career at Packard in the accounting department, did not want the job and quickly made it clear that he was serving on a temporary basis until a permanent company president could be found.
684:. Sales more than tripled that year and doubled again in 1936. To produce the 120, Packard built a separate factory. By 1936, Packard's labor force was divided nearly evenly between the high-priced "Senior" lines (Twelve, Super Eight, and Eight) and the medium-priced "Junior" models, although more than 10 times more Juniors were produced than Seniors. This was because the 120 models were built using thoroughly modern mass production techniques, while the senior Packards used a great deal more hand labor and traditional craftsmanship. Although Packard almost certainly could not have survived the Depression without the highly successful Junior models, they did have the effect of diminishing the Senior models' exclusive image among those few who could still afford a luxury car. The 120 models were more modern in basic design than the Senior models. For example, the 1935 Packard 120 featured independent front suspension and hydraulic brakes, features that did not appear on the Senior Packards until 1937.
1182:
for the hardtop coupes, and the
Caribbean for the convertible and vinyl-roof two-door hardtop. In the spring of 1956, the Executive was introduced. In a four-door sedan and a two-door hardtop, the Executive was aimed at the buyer who wanted a luxury car but could not justify Packard's pricing. It was an intermediate model using the Packard name and the Senior models' front end, but using the Clipper platform and rear fenders. This was to some confusion and went against what James Nance had been attempting for several years to accomplish, the separation of the Clipper line from Packard. As late as the cars' introduction to the market was, there was reasoning for in 1957 this car was to be continued. It then became a baseline Packard on the all-new 1957 Senior shell. Clippers would share bodies with Studebaker from 1957.
1343:. This hardtop coupe's design followed the lines of the planned 1957 cars. It had many unusual features, among them a roof section that opened either by opening a door or activating a switch, well ahead of later T-tops. The car had seats that rotated out, allowing the passenger easy access, a feature later used on some Chrysler and GM products. The Predictor also had the opera windows, or portholes, found on concurrent Thunderbirds. Other novel ideas were overhead switches—these were in the production Avanti—and a dash design that followed the hood profile, centering dials in the center console area. This feature has only recently been used on production cars. The Predictor survives and is on display at the
1159:. Briggs founder Walter Briggs had died in early 1952 and his family decided to sell the company to pay estate taxes. Chrysler promptly purchased Briggs and notified Packard that they would cease supplying bodies after Packard's contract with Briggs expired at the end of 1953. Packard was forced to move body production to an undersized plant on Connor Avenue in Detroit. The facility proved too small and caused endless tie-ups and quality problems. Bad quality control hurt the company's image and caused sales to plummet for 1956, though the problems had largely been resolved by that point. Additionally, a "brain drain" of talent away from Packard was underway, including
1121:, and replaced the outsourced unit by mid-1956. Although Nash and Hudson merged, the four-way merger Mason had hoped for, which would have joined Nash, Hudson, Studebaker, and Packard, did not materialize. The S-P marriage (really a Packard buyout) proved to be a crippling mistake. Although Packard was in fair financial condition, Studebaker was not, struggling with high overhead and production costs and needing the impossible figure of 250,000 cars annually to break even. Due diligence was placed behind "merger fever", and the deal was rushed. It became clear after the merger that Studebaker's deteriorating financial situation put Packard's survival at risk.
561:
808:
1236:. Had the company been able to invest more money to finish the transformation and position the car under a senior line of "true Packards", it might have been a successful Clipper. Standing alone the cars sold in limited numbers; a number of Packard dealers dropped their franchises while customers stayed away, despite huge price discounts, fearful of buying a car that could soon be an orphan. Additionally, there was internal competition from Studebaker-Packard dealers that also carried the Mercedes-Benz brand, to which SP had the USA rights, with the market flooded by inexpensive cars, minor automakers struggled to sell vehicles at
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832:
705:
652:
748:
921:
1167:
672:
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1152:, displacing 352 cu in (5.8 L), replacing the straight-eight that had been used for decades. Packard offered a variety of power, comfort, and convenience features, such as power steering and brakes as well as electric window lifts. Air conditioning was available on all car makes by the mid-1950s, but it was installed on only a handful of cars in 1955 and 1956 despite Packard's status as a luxury car. Model year sales only climbed back to 55,000 units in 1955, including Clipper, in what was a strong year across the industry.
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14 in (36 cm) road wheels to lower the profile. The public reaction was predictable and sales were 2,622 vehicles for the 1958 model year, even being outsold by
Checker Motors Corp. The Studebaker factory was older than Packard's Detroit plant, with higher production requirements, which added to dipping sales. A new compact car on which the company staked its survival, the Lark, was a year away, and it also failed to sell in sufficient numbers to keep the marque afloat. Several makes were discontinued around this time: Packard,
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413:
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824:
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Hydramatics until
Lincoln developed its own automatic transmission a few years later). Ultramatic did not compare to GM's Hydramatic for smoothness of shifting, acceleration, or reliability. The resources spent on Ultramatic deprived Packard of the opportunity to develop a modern V8 engine. Also, when a new body style was added in addition to standard sedans, coupes, and convertibles, Packard introduced a station wagon instead of a two-door hardtop in response to Cadillac's Coupe DeVille. The
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949:
in 1948, but by 1955, every car line offered a version. The
Packard inline eight, despite being an older design that lacked the power of Cadillac's engines, produced no vibration. When combined with an Ultramatic transmission, the drivetrain made for a quiet and smooth experience on the road. Packard could not keep up with the horsepower race, which was increasingly moving to high compression, short-stroke engines capable of sustained driving at speeds above 55 mph (89 km/h).
449:
493:, who served as President of the National Automobile Manufacturers Association. Inducted into the Automobile Hall of Fame, Macauley made Packard the number one designer and producer of luxury automobiles in the United States. The marque was also competitive abroad, with markets in 61 countries. Gross income for the company was $ 21,889,000 in 1928 ($ 388,402,000 in 2023 dollars ). Macauley was also responsible for the iconic Packard slogan, "Ask the Man Who Owns One".
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4600:
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461:
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1207:
1515:
878:
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664:. The new model series did not debut on a strictly annual basis, with some series lasting nearly two years, and others lasting as brief as seven months. In the long run, Packard averaged approximately one new series per year. By 1930, Packard automobiles were considered part of its Seventh Series. By 1942, Packard was in its Twentieth Series. The "Thirteenth Series" was omitted due to the
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return to a vertical grill. This grill was very narrow with the familiar ox-yoke shape that was characteristic for
Packard, and with front fenders with dual headlights resembling Chrysler products from that era. The engineering mule Black Bess was destroyed by the company shortly after the Packard plant was shuttered. Of the 10 Requests built, only four were sold off the showroom floor.
1087:. The front and rear suspensions on each side of the car side are interconnected by a long torsion bar. This design reduced pitching while allowing for low spring rates, which imbued Packards with a ride that was soft yet controlled. Additionally, this suspension featured an electro-mechanical compensator or "levilizer" that kept the car level regardless of passenger or trunk loading.
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decided that sales would not be sufficient to justify producing the larger, more expensive engine, and so the de-bored 327 cu in (5.4 L) (previously the middle engine) was used. While the smaller engine offered nearly equal performance in the new
Packards to that of the 356, the move was seen by some as further denigrating Packard's image as a luxury car.
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for 1948 and 1949, Packard could not until 1951. The company updated cars by adding new sheet metal to the existing body (which added 200 lb (91 kg) of curb weight). Six-cylinder cars were discontinued for the U.S. market, and a convertible was added. These new designs hid their relationship with the
Clipper. Even that name was dropped for a while.
1117:, announced "there are no mergers under way either directly or indirectly". Romney continued with Mason's commitment to buy components from SPC. Although Mason and Nance had previously agreed that SPC would purchase parts from AMC, it did not do so. Packard's engines and transmissions were comparatively expensive, so AMC began development of its own
45:
929:
window, small tailfins on the long-wheelbase models, a full-width grille (replacing the traditional
Packard upright design), and blunt "guideline fenders" with the hood and front fenders at the same height. The 122 in (3,099 mm) wheelbase was used on the 200-series standard and Deluxe two- and four-doors, 250-series
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with only a handful of survivors. Of the 1M-356 type engines, approximately 1,525 were produced between 1947 and 1950. Even more rare is the experimental "R" type racing versions (1M-245 "R"), of which only 10 were produced with currently only one known survivor, a 1M-245 R six-cylinder engine powering today a 1936
1446:. The design was physically large and entirely conventional, copying many of the first-generation Cadillac, Buick, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, and Studebaker Kettering features. It was produced in 320 cu in (5.2 L) and 352 cu in (5.8 L) displacements. The Caribbean version had two four-barrel
392:, it included an early use of reinforced concrete for an automotive factory when building #10 opened in 1906. Its craftsmen practised over 80 trades. The dilapidated plant stood until demolition commenced in September 2022, despite repeated fires. The factory is in close proximity to the current General Motors
816:
modestly updating their 1942 models. As only tooling for the
Clipper was at hand, the Senior-series cars were not rescheduled. One version of the story is that the Senior dies were left outdoors to rust and were not usable. Another tale is that Roosevelt gave Stalin the dies for the Senior series, but the
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compared to the previous year as this was a record year for the automobile industry. Packard's sales fell for 1956 due to the fit and finish of the 1955 models as well as mechanical issues relating to the new engineering features. These defects cost Packard millions in recalls and tarnished its image.
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The National Packard Museum located in Warren, Ohio is the official museum of both the original Packard Motor Car Company and The Packard Electric Company. Its purpose is to preserve the Packard legacy and recognize Packard's influence in transportation and industrial history through interaction with
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After WWII, Packard produced a new line of flathead design six (model 1M-245) and eight (model 1M-356) cylinder marine engines based on the automobile versions and the experience gained from the war production. Of the 1M-245 type engines, only 1,865 were produced between Spring 1947 and January 1951,
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threatened to pull out of its 1957 marketing and distribution agreement, which would have cost Studebaker-Packard more in revenue than they could have made from the badge-engineered Packard. Daimler-Benz had little of its own dealer network at the time and used this agreement to enter and become more
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was based on the Studebaker Golden Hawk and featured a new nose and a fake spare wheel molded in the trunk lid reminiscent of the concurrent Imperial. The 1958 Packards were among the first in the industry to be "facelifted" with plastic parts. The housing for the new dual headlights and the complete
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As of October 1, 1954, Packard Motor Car Company bought the failing Studebaker Corporation to form America's fourth-largest automobile company, but without full knowledge of their circumstances or consideration of the financial implications. Studebaker-Packard's Nance refused to consider merging with
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became outdated as the new envelope bodies started appearing, led by Studebaker and Kaiser-Frazer. Although Packard was in good financial condition as the war ended, they had not sold enough cars to pay the cost of tooling for the 1941 design. While most automakers were able to introduce new vehicles
325:
Jr. On October 2, 1902, this group refinanced and renamed the New York and Ohio Automobile Company as the Packard Motor Car Company, with James Packard as president. Alger later served as vice president. Packard moved operations to Detroit soon after, and Joy became general manager (later chairman of
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located in Shelby Township, MI are the remnants of the former proving Grounds owned by The Packard Motor Car Foundation. The mission of the Packard Proving Grounds Historic Site is to preserve the legacy of the Packard Motor Car Company through the restoration and preservation of the Packard Proving
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The new 1955 Packard design did not affect Cadillac's continuing to lead the luxury market segment, followed by Lincoln, Packard, and Imperial. Reliability problems with the automatic transmission and all electrical accessories further eroded the public's opinion of Packard. Sales were good for 1955
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Nance had hoped for a total redesign in 1954, but the necessary time and money were lacking. Packard that year (total production 89,796) comprised the bread-and-butter Clipper line (the 250 series was dropped), Mayfair hardtop coupes and convertibles, and a new entry-level long-wheelbase sedan named
724:
in 1937, powered by a Packard six-cylinder engine. The decision to introduce the "Packard Six", priced at around $ 1200 ($ 25,433 in 2023 dollars ), was in time for the 1938 recession. This model also tagged Packards as something less exclusive than they had been in the public's mind and in the long
659:
Packard had one advantage that some other luxury automakers did not: a single production line. By maintaining a single line and interchangeability between models, Packard was able to maintain low costs. Packard did not change models as often as other manufacturers. Rather than introducing new models
2197:
Crushing around 50 vintage Packards occurred in 1977 in southern California and was dubbed by the Special-Interest auto magazine as "Crushathon". The cars were the property of a Packard collector and auctioned after his death. Due to different disagreements in the terms of the auction between SoCal
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The Astral was designed by Edward E. Herrmann, Studebaker-Packard's director of interior design, as a project to give his team experience in working with glass-reinforced plastic. It was shown at Studebaker dealerships before being put into storage. Rediscovered 30 years later, the car was restored
1335:
was based on the 1955 Four Hundred hardtop, but featured a classic upright Packard fluted grille reminiscent of the prewar models. In addition, the 1957 engineering mule "Black Bess" was built to test new features for a future car. This car had a resemblance to the 1958 Edsel. It featured Packard's
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became a separate make, with Clipper Custom and Deluxe models available. Now the Packard-Clipper business model was a mirror to Lincoln-Mercury. "Senior" Packards were built in four body styles, each with a unique model name. Patrician was used for the four-door top-of-the-line sedans, Four Hundred
948:
Since 1951 offered little new from other manufacturers, Packard's redesigned lineup sold nearly 101,000 cars. The 1951 Packards were a mixture of the modern (automatic transmissions) and old (using flathead inline eights when OHV V8 engines were becoming the norm). No domestic car lines had OHV V8s
908:
with two speeds. Early Ultramatics normally operated only in "high", with "low" having to be selected manually. Beginning in late 1954, it could be set to operate only in "high" or to start in "low" and automatically shift into "high". "High" was intended for normal driving and "Low" was mainly for
615:
Packard rivals Cadillac and Lincoln benefited from the huge support structure of GM and Ford. Packard could not match the two new automotive giants for resources. The 1920s had proven extremely profitable for the company and it had assets of approximately $ 20 million in 1932 ($ 447,000,000 in 2023
1264:
managed to include the 1956 Clipper tail lights for one last time which also included the "Packard Cusps" in the front hood. Added to the front of all but the Hawk were jet nacelles for quad headlights, in a desperate attempt to keep up with late-1950s styling cues. All Packards were equipped with
679:
To meet the challenge of the Depression, Packard started producing more affordable cars in the medium price range. This was a necessary step as the demand for hand-built luxury cars had diminished sharply and people who could afford such vehicles were reluctant to be seen in them when unemployment
1144:
was called upon by Nance to design the 1955 line, and to Teague's credit, the 1955 Packard was well received. Not only was the body completely updated and modernized, but the suspension was new, with torsion bars front and rear, along with an electric control that kept the car level regardless of
972:
payment, thus blocking younger men from coming to power in the company. One of James Nance's first actions as president was creating a pension plan to induce Packard executives to retire. Nance worked to snag Korean War military contracts and turn around Packard's badly diluted image. He declared
572:
Entering the 1930s, Packard attempted to beat the stock market crash and subsequent Great Depression by manufacturing ever more opulent and expensive cars than it had prior to October 1929, and began offering different platforms that focused on different price points allowing the company to offer
1231:
supercharger, delivering the same 275 hp (205 kW) as the 1956 Clipper Custom, although at higher revolutions. Borrowing design cues from the 1956 Clipper (visual in the grille and dash), with wheel covers, tail lamps, and dials from 1956 along with the Packard cormorant hood mascot and
944:
The 250, 300, and 400/Patricians were Packard's flagship models and comprised the majority of the production for that year. The Patrician was now the premium Packard, replacing the Custom Eight line. Original plans were to equip it with a 356 cu in (5.8 L) engine, but the company
928:
The 1951 Packards were redesigned. Designer John Reinhart introduced a high-waisted, more squared-off profile fitting the contemporary styling trends — very different from the traditional flowing design of the postwar era. New styling features included a one-piece windshield, a wrap-around rear
1197:
For 1956, Teague kept the basic 1955 design and added more styling touches to the body such as then−fashionable three-toning. Headlamps hooded in a more radical style in the front fenders and a slight shuffling of chrome distinguished the 1956 models. "Electronic Push-button Ultramatic", which
952:
Packard's image was increasingly seen as dowdy and old-fashioned, unappealing to younger customers. Surveys found that nearly 75% of Packard customers had owned previous Packards and few new buyers were attracted to the make. Compounding this problem was the company's geriatric leadership. The
815:
By the end of World War II, Packard was in excellent financial condition with assets of around $ 33 million, but several management mistakes became more apparent with time. Like other US automobile companies, Packard resumed civilian car production in late 1945, labeling them as 1946 models by
695:
as well as to build right-hand-drive cars for export. Production started in 1931, with the best year being 1937, with just over 2,500 cars built. Parts manufactured in Canada included tires, upholstery, radiator cores, headlamps, springs, and wheels, while the engines were locally assembled.
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With time and money lacking, 1954 styling was unchanged except for modified headlights and taillights, essentially trim items. A new hardtop named Pacific was added to the flagship Patrician series and all higher-end Packards featured a bored-out 359 cu in (5.9 L) engine. Air
912:
The Ultramatic made Packard the only American automotive manufacturer other than GM to develop an automatic transmission completely in-house. Ford had chosen to outsource their design to Borg-Warner (Ford had attempted to purchase Ultramatics from Packard to install in Lincolns, but bought
869:
hat" in the January 1948 issue. Packard sold 2,000 vehicles in 1948 and a total of 116,000 of the 1949 models. In the early post-WWII years, the demand for new cars was extremely high, and nearly any vehicle would sell. Attempting to maintain strong sales beyond this point would prove more
1001:
custom formal sedan brought back some prestige from past Packards, the "high pocket" styling introduced two model years prior was no longer drawing buyers for Packer's volume models. Furthermore, Packard's build quality also began slipping during this period as employee morale decreased.
1437:
Packard's engineering staff designed and built excellent, reliable engines. Packard offered a 12-cylinder engine—the "Twin Six"—as well as a low-compression straight-eight, but never a 16-cylinder engine. After WWII, Packard continued with their successful straight-eight-cylinder
1359:
One unusual prototype, the Studebaker-Packard Astral, was made in 1957 and first unveiled at the South Bend Art Centre on January 12, 1958, and then at the March 1958 Geneva Motor Show. It had a single gyroscopic balanced wheel and the publicity data suggested it could be
270:(AMC) was planned. Disagreements among the firms' executives thwarted these plans, so Studebaker-Packard remained a separate company. The Packard brand was phased out in 1959 after two years of declining sales of the Studebaker-built 1957 and 1958 model year Packards.
472:
From this beginning, through and beyond the 1930s, Packard-built vehicles were perceived as highly competitive among high-priced luxury American automobiles. The company was commonly referred to as being one of the "Three Ps" of American motordom royalty, along with
873:
Cadillac's new 1948 cars had sleek, aircraft-inspired styling that immediately made Packard's "bathtub" styling seem old-fashioned. Cadillac also debuted a brand-new OHV V8 engine in 1949 whereas Packard's lack of a modern engine became an increasing liability.
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in its automobiles. The first series of connectors was the Packard 56, followed by the Weather Pack, and finally, the Metri Pack, which are still in use. The former Packard Electric division of GM was later spun off as the Delphi Corporation, later renamed to
736:, claimed able to reduce engine speed 27.8%; it could be engaged at any speed over 30 mph (48 km/h). The same year, the company introduced a fifth, transverse shock absorber and made column shift (known as Handishift) available on the 120 and Six.
937:(Packard's first), and convertibles. The higher-end 300 and Patrician 400 models were built on a 127 in (3,226 mm) wheelbase. The 200-series models were low-end models and now included a business coupe. The new appearance had similarities to
1129:
conditioning became available for the first time since 1942 although Packard introduced air conditioning in the 1930s. Clippers (which comprised over 80% of production) became available in a hardtop model, Super Panama, but sales fell to 31,000 cars.
1064:
It did not help that Chrysler and Ford waged a campaign of "stealing" Packard dealerships during the early 1950s. Consequently, Packard's dealer network became smaller and more scattered which made it even more difficult to sell Packard vehicles.
1222:
nameplate appeared on the market, but sales were slow. Available in just two body styles, Town Sedan (four-door sedan) and Country Sedan (four-door station wagon), they were powered by Studebaker's 289 cu in (4.7 L)
855:, and survived for decades in the Saab 92–96 in Europe, the 1948–1950 Packard styling was polarizing. To some, it was sleek and blended classic with modern. Others nicknamed it the "pregnant elephant". Test driver for
1255:". The 1958 models were launched with no series name, simply as "Packard". New body styles were introduced, and a two-door hardtop joined the four-door sedan. A new premier model appeared with a sporting profile: the
221:– the company was known for building high-quality luxury automobiles before World War II. Owning a Packard was considered prestigious, and surviving examples are often found in museums and automobile collections.
295:, where 400 Packard automobiles were built at their factory on 408 Dana Street Northeast, from 1899 until 1903. A mechanical engineer, James Packard believed they could build a better horseless carriage than the
1013:
While American independent manufacturers like Packard did well during the early postwar period, supply had caught up with demand and by the early 1950s they were increasingly challenged as the domestic "Big
4178:
798:
By the end of the war in Europe, Packard Motor Car Company had produced over 55,000 combat engines. Sales in 1944 were $ 455,118,600. By May 6, 1945, Packard had a backlog on war orders of $ 568,000,000.
360:
were $ 1,500, Packard concentrated on cars with prices starting at $ 2,600. The marque developed a following among wealthy purchasers in the United States and abroad, competing with European marques like
2198:
Packard fan clubs, roughly half of the cars auctioned off did not meet the listed price leading to the cars being ultimately destroyed, despite their purportedly good mechanical and rust-free condition.
1442:
engines. While as fast as the new GM and Chrysler OHV V8s, they were perceived as obsolete by buyers. By waiting until 1955, Packard was almost the last U.S. automaker to introduce a high-compression
973:
that Packard would cease producing mid-priced cars and build only luxury models to compete with Cadillac. As part of this strategy, Nance unveiled a low-production (only 750 made) model for 1953, the
1308:
During the 1950s, a number of "dream cars" were built by Packard in an attempt to keep the marque alive in the imaginations of the American car-buying public. Included in this category are the 1952
759:. It was available only as a four-door model on the 127 in (3,226 mm) wheelbase of the 160, but powered by 125 hp (93 kW; 127 PS) version of straight-8 engine used the 120.
4092:
3680:
1045:
In 1953–54, Ford and GM waged a brutal sales war, cutting prices and forcing cars on dealers. While this had little effect on either company, it damaged independent automakers. Nash's president
1450:
and produced 275 hp (205 kW). For 1956, a 374 cu in (6.1 L) version was used in the Senior cars and the Caribbean two four-barrels produced 305 hp (227 kW).
1380:. The Packard name had been considered for the Avanti, but a less anachronistic image was being sought for the new model. Thus the Packard name ceased to exist in the American auto industry.
993:), it was equally well-received and outsold its competition. Nevertheless, overall sales declined in 1953. While the limited edition luxury models such as the Caribbean convertible and the
1232:
trunk chrome trim from 1955 senior Packards, front bumpers, and Dagmars from the 1956 model, the 1957 Packard Clipper was much more than a badge-engineered Studebaker—but also far from a
303:
and offered suggestions for improvement, which were ignored. Winton replied to the suggestions by essentially telling Packard to "go build your own car". Packard's first car was built in
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1110:
appliance companies, respectively), but Mason's grand vision of a Big Four American auto industry ended on October 8, 1954, with his sudden death from acute pancreatitis and pneumonia.
5296:
616:
dollars ) while many luxury car manufacturers were almost broke. Peerless ceased production in 1932, converting the Cleveland manufacturing plant automobile production to brewing for
7092:
1768:
1709:
2674:
3803:
7192:
4152:
2212:
1703:
7197:
3944:
4122:
1685:
7082:
3414:
7077:
5909:
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1026:—battled intensely for sales in the economy, medium-priced, and luxury markets. Those independents that remained in business in the early 1950s, merged. In 1953,
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on a record endurance flight of over 84 hours, a mark that stood for more than 50 years. Other Packard-powered airplanes set several records during the 1920s.
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Studebaker-Packard retired the Packard marque in 1959. In 1962, "Packard" was dropped off the corporation's name at a time when it was introducing the all-new
885:
Packard outsold Cadillac until circa 1950; most sales were the midrange volume models. During this time, Cadillac was among the earliest US makers to offer an
4247:
2314:
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that so many makes would be dropped at the same time again. The last Packard by Studebaker Packard Corporation rolled off the assembly line on July 16, 1958.
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5350:
3187:
3168:
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1042:(AMC). The strategy for these mergers included cutting costs and strengthening their sales organizations to meet the intense competition from the Big Three.
317:'s oldest and wealthiest families, bought a Packard. Impressed by its reliability, he visited the Packards and soon enlisted a group of investors, including
2987:
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2875:
2819:
2800:
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593:, a name it retained for the remainder of its run (through 1939). Also in 1931, Packard pioneered a system it called Ride Control, which made the hydraulic
2028:
1251:
The marque suffered further loss of exclusivity and consumers perceived a reduction in quality. Competitors and media critics described the new models as "
964:
One reason for the aged leadership of Packard was the company's lack of a pension plan for executives (rank-and-file workers had a pension plan per their
515:
In the 1920s, Packard exported more cars than any other in its price class, and in 1930, sold almost twice as many abroad as any other marque priced over
4764:
2719:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
1992:
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7182:
7112:
4550:
3672:
787:
fighter, ironically known as the "Cadillac of the Skies" by GIs in WWII. Packard also built 1350-, 1400-, and 1500-hp V-12 marine engines for American
6994:
5282:
4688:
4174:
1986:
1944:
1697:
1691:
1679:
1332:
1974:
1321:
1416:
for the 1999 model year. His goal was an annual production of 2,000 cars, but a lack of investment funds stalled that plan indefinitely. The only
1320:(also known as Daytona), based on a 1954 platform. Shortly after the introduction of the Caribbean, Packard showed a prototype hardtop called the
7187:
4565:
2047:
2548:
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2582:
3615:
2417:
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four-door hardtop as a Packard for sale in North America, using stock Packard V8s and identifying trim including red hexagonal wheel covers,
660:
annually, Packard began using its own "Series" formula for differentiating its model changeovers in 1923 borrowing a strategy from GM called
6685:
3833:
3855:
1364:
or have what the designers described as an ionic engine. No working prototype was ever made, nor was it likely that one was ever intended.
3893:
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2754:
2194:
and its entire collection of Packard cars and memorabilia was purchased by a local businessman. The collection was auctioned off in 2021.
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2604:
2034:
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3714:
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Finger Tip Shift, similar to the Chris-O-Matic shift, a servo and remote control to shift the marine engine transmissions (1947-1951)
1286:
2365:
1057:, and an agreement was reached for AMC to buy Packard's Ultramatic transmissions and V8 engines. They were used in 1955 Hudsons and
5559:
5305:
4144:
1546:. After the war the Liberty was adapted for marine use, becoming a multiple world record setter under inventor and boating pioneer
897:, offered on top models in 1949 and all models from 1950 onward, but its perceived market reputation now had it as a competitor to
2739:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
7177:
6469:
4757:
3318:
342:
17:
6962:
1324:. It featured a reverse-slanted rear window that could be lowered for ventilation, a feature introduced in a production car by
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The new model Nance hoped for was delayed until 1955, partially because of Packard's merger with Studebaker. Packard stylist
601:, at a base price of $ 1,750 ($ 39,080 in 2023 dollars ), or $ 735 ($ 16,414 in 2023 dollars ) less than the Standard Eight.
6680:
4114:
7142:
6916:
6817:
2850:
546:
255:
6675:
6634:
6614:
5326:
3398:
2635:
3637:
Bresnahan, Timothy F. (June 1987). "Competition and Collusion in the American Automobile Industry: The 1955 Price War".
1240:
prices to keep up with Ford and GM. There was a general decline in demand for large cars heralded an industry switch to
228:, air-conditioning in a passenger car, and one of the first production 12-cylinder engines, adapted from developing the
6271:
5431:
4750:
4535:
4230:
2687:
Pierce-Arrow, founded in 1901, once ranked with Detroit's Packard and Cleveland's Peerless as the Three P's of Motordom
961:
from appliance manufacturer Hotpoint. At 52, Nance was more than a decade younger than the youngest Packard executive.
538:
1412:
In the late 1990s, Roy Gullickson revived the Packard nameplate by buying the naming rights and logo and developing a
1155:
As the 1955 models went into production, an old problem flared up. Back in 1941, Packard had outsourced its bodies to
7117:
6802:
6780:
6051:
4643:
4530:
4296:
3052:
3013:
2290:
2232:
239:, Packard produced 55,523 units of the two-stage/two-speed supercharger equipped 1,650 cu in (27.0 L)
4236:
3069:
6957:
6790:
6695:
6644:
2306:
2260:
243:
engines under contract with Rolls-Royce. Packard also made the 2,490 cu in (40.8 L) versions of the
3184:
3165:
3116:
3103:
1260:
fins were fiberglass parts grafted on Studebaker bodies. Very little chrome was on the lower front clip. Designer
500:
was initially introduced as a senior-level luxury platform for three years starting in 1913, then upgraded to the
326:
the board). An original Packard, reputedly the first manufactured, was donated by a grateful James Packard to his
6932:
6795:
5843:
5826:
2984:
2961:
2942:
2891:
2872:
2816:
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2774:
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established in the American market through SPC's dealer network, and felt this car was a threat to their models.
969:
953:
Packard board of directors by the early 1950s had an average age of 67. In 1948, Alvin Macauley, born during the
334:, and is preserved there in the Packard Laboratory. Another is on display at the Packard Museum in Warren, Ohio.
7018:
3995:
396:, which was the former site of the Dodge Vehicle factory from 1910 until 1980. Architect Kahn also designed the
6425:
6211:
6041:
4580:
1096:
263:
218:
142:
131:
1076:
began cutting defense contracts from all automotive manufacturers other than GM, where he had been president.
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6405:
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1862:
792:
296:
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1228:
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AMC unless he could take the top command position (Mason and Nance were former competitors as heads of the
1049:
thus proposed that the four major independents (Nash, Hudson, Packard, and Studebaker) merge into one firm
1072:
defense contracts brought in badly-needed revenue, the war ended in 1953 and the new Secretary of Defense
968:
contract). As a result, Packard executives were reluctant to retire with no source of income other than a
504:
starting in 1916. The first appearance of the Packard "Goddess of Speed" hood ornament was in 1925 on the
254:
After the Second World War, Packard struggled to survive as an independent automaker against the domestic
7062:
6832:
5952:
5937:
5914:
5809:
5456:
4555:
2512:
Smith, Michael G. (December 2019). "The First Concrete Auto Factory: An Error in the Historical Record".
2177:
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1497:
1050:
1039:
784:
597:
adjustable from within the car. For one year only, 1932, Packard fielded an upper-medium-priced car, the
3970:
1125:
Cavalier. Among the Clippers was a novelty pillared coupe, the Sportster, styled to resemble a hardtop.
6036:
6021:
5904:
5209:
1344:
1302:
1015:
712:
Packard was still the premier luxury automobile, even though the majority of cars being built were the
526:
In addition to luxury cars, Packard built trucks. A Packard truck carrying a three-ton load drove from
393:
851:. While this was considered futuristic during the war and the concept was taken further with the 1949
725:
run hurt Packard's reputation of building some of America's finest luxury cars. The Six, redesignated
721:
7137:
7132:
7122:
6942:
6236:
6031:
5991:
5670:
5616:
5446:
2578:
2217:
2051:
795:. Packard ranked 18th among United States corporations in the value of wartime production contracts.
401:
385:
1580:
fighter. A marine version of the successor to the V12 Liberty was adapted in three versions –
6690:
6609:
6499:
6479:
6380:
6353:
6026:
5957:
5804:
4545:
3607:
1035:
990:
625:
560:
31:
3774:
3740:
3585:
3555:
3443:
957:, had stepped down as chairman. Hugh Ferry decided to hire an outsider as president. He recruited
831:
6654:
6531:
6303:
5771:
4998:
4560:
4424:
3825:
2183:
2118:
2101:
1642:
1261:
1005:
807:
651:
520:
397:
267:
4742:
3863:
747:
585:, designed by Chief engineer Jesse G. Vincent, was introduced for 1932, with prices starting at
534:
between July 8 and August 24, 1912. In the same year, Packard had service depots in 104 cities.
6420:
6358:
6226:
6128:
6076:
5626:
5441:
5144:
4575:
3885:
3466:
3212:
2737:
2717:
1930:
1553:
In the interbellum, Packard built one of the world's first diesel aviation engines, the 225-hp
1219:
886:
696:
Production ended in 1939, although the company maintained an office in Windsor for many years.
482:
389:
357:
353:
349:
214:
63:
2612:
2489:
2044:
Electromatic, Packard's name for its electrically controlled, vacuum-operated automatic clutch
6885:
6812:
6318:
6261:
6141:
5692:
5520:
5478:
5426:
5406:
5126:
4773:
4703:
4454:
4289:
3718:
2855:
1919:
1501:
1392:
914:
733:
704:
621:
441:
318:
240:
3322:
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1361:
1218:
disappeared as a separate brand name. Instead, a Studebaker President–based car bearing the
671:
366:
6900:
6723:
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6348:
6308:
6288:
6246:
6221:
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6168:
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5483:
5274:
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4439:
4399:
4379:
3144:
1958:
1888:
1841:
1325:
1309:
1166:
1080:
1073:
1023:
977:
convertible. Competing directly with the other specialty convertibles marketed that year, (
954:
857:
661:
288:
206:. The first Packard automobiles were produced in 1899, and the last Packards were built in
96:
2392:
Rossin College of Engineering & Applied Science, Packard Laboratory, Lehigh University
1581:
1524:
8:
7172:
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7147:
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6509:
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6375:
6365:
6323:
6266:
6206:
6176:
6081:
5865:
5680:
5631:
5316:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5103:
4339:
4334:
4258:
3006:
Illustrated Packard Buyer's Guide: All Packard Cars and Commercial Vehicles, 1899 to 1958
2361:
1799:
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998:
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692:
637:
629:
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284:
92:
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hood ornament, and classic vertical ox-yoke grille. The proposition was rejected when
7000:
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994:
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478:
331:
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and soon adorned all models, while the Cormorant or Swan appeared in the 1930s. The
7057:
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6153:
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5243:
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4389:
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4282:
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2713:
2521:
2420:. Remarkable Cars Picture Gallery. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015
1998:
Packard Black Bess (1957; not an official name, it was a driveable design proposal)
1852:
1809:
1535:
1285:. Not since the 1930s had so many makes disappeared, and it would not be until the
1160:
1114:
905:
688:
501:
489:. For most of its history, Packard was guided by its president and General Manager
425:
370:
322:
310:
300:
299:
cars owned by Weiss, an important Winton stockholder, after Packard complained to
6849:
6753:
6713:
6586:
6435:
6298:
6193:
6046:
5697:
5601:
5542:
5416:
5401:
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5381:
5369:
5219:
5140:
5136:
5083:
5078:
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5003:
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4662:
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4444:
4434:
4429:
4419:
4394:
4349:
3191:
3172:
3123:
2991:
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2949:
2898:
2879:
2823:
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2781:
2227:
2222:
2109:
2072:
1980:
1904:
1899:
1857:
1755:
1749:
1744:
1668:
1562:
1439:
1317:
1245:
1215:
1178:
1171:
1046:
930:
840:
823:
756:
604:
486:
412:
3279:
Building victory: aircraft manufacturing in the Los Angeles area in World War II
767:
In 1942, the Packard Motor Car Company converted to 100% war production. During
739:
420:
266:. This merger was intended to be temporary while an eventual consolidation with
6895:
6859:
6807:
6770:
6561:
6474:
6283:
5986:
5932:
5781:
5714:
5591:
5547:
5495:
5436:
5252:
4708:
4698:
4494:
4489:
4252:
2525:
2162:
1827:
1821:
1612:
1573:
1558:
1554:
1539:
1297:
1146:
958:
780:
633:
594:
590:
582:
490:
437:
225:
195:
6983:
Company still exists but is no longer in the automotive manufacturing business
4469:
3497:
680:
was over 20%. In 1935, the company introduced its first car under $ 1000, the
519: (equivalent to $ 36,478 in 2023). In 1931, 10 Packards were owned by the
44:
7051:
7033:
7020:
6748:
6551:
6536:
6489:
6313:
6256:
6091:
6016:
6001:
5734:
5707:
5596:
5466:
5411:
5159:
5122:
4404:
4329:
2911:
1763:
1282:
1270:
1189:
1118:
1027:
978:
938:
609:
574:
565:
531:
527:
505:
381:
374:
5831:
545:, also designed by Albert Kahn, was built in 1910–1911. It was added to the
448:
6785:
6576:
6343:
6278:
6011:
5621:
5606:
5525:
5391:
5034:
5018:
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1893:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1577:
1481:
1421:
1400:
1256:
1252:
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862:
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768:
720:
model ranges. Hoping to catch still more of the market, Packard issued the
645:
542:
474:
304:
292:
244:
236:
229:
169:
6980:
Non-U.S. based parent company that owns subsidiaries headquartered in U.S.
2549:"Once teeming with auto plants, Detroit now home to only a few nameplates"
416:
Gold Bond specimen of the Packard Motor Car Company, issued 15. April 1921
388:
in Detroit was located on over 40 acres (16 ha) of land. Designed by
7004:
6890:
6556:
6106:
6071:
5974:
5942:
5860:
5739:
5611:
5204:
5178:
5131:
5068:
5061:
4678:
4509:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4324:
4215:
1878:
1867:
1794:
1789:
1738:
1732:
1543:
1274:
1241:
1237:
1141:
1058:
865:, referred to the newly designed Packard as "a goat" and "a dowager in a
852:
788:
726:
681:
497:
453:
2161:
The electrical connectors developed by Packard were used extensively by
2031:, Packard's torsion bar suspension with integrated levelizer (1955–1956)
1534:
Packard also made large aeronautical and marine engines. Chief engineer
589: (equivalent to $ 81,511 in 2023); in 1933, it would be renamed the
523:. Between 1924 and 1930, Packard was also the top-selling luxury brand.
6743:
6738:
6566:
6440:
6241:
6086:
6066:
5967:
5892:
5848:
5776:
5766:
5749:
5581:
5461:
5376:
4718:
4585:
3658:
3254:
Freedom's forge: how American business produced victory in World War II
2329:
2008:
1447:
1388:
1383:
In the late 1950s, Studebaker-Packard was approached by enthusiasts to
1103:
1069:
894:
890:
641:
346:
259:
127:
2057:
Touch Button, Packard's electric panel to control 1956 Twin Ultramatic
1463:
6390:
6201:
6123:
5687:
5653:
5515:
4264:
3991:
1443:
1417:
1396:
1224:
1149:
1145:
load or road conditions. Along with the new design was Packard's new
4145:"Fort Lauderdale Antique Car Museum Auction - Part II - Memorabilia"
3650:
3400:
Chronicle of the American automobile: over 100 years of auto history
2255:(2nd ed.). London: Rainbird Reference Books. pp. 153–154.
1625:
6148:
6006:
5872:
5853:
5648:
5552:
5505:
5386:
1547:
1469:
1107:
248:
203:
156:
432:
6869:
6758:
6328:
6293:
5744:
5421:
4772:
2845:
1585:
1520:
1053:(AMC). Mason held informal discussions with Nance to outline his
941:, which were more moderately priced and sold in greater numbers.
934:
817:
811:
Packard dealer at 1137 Broadway, Hewlett, New York, ca. 1950–1955
465:
199:
152:
904:
Designed and built by Packard, the Ultramatic featured a lockup
460:
6844:
6763:
6450:
6370:
6336:
5754:
5719:
5643:
5574:
5532:
4242:
4220:
2752:
1206:
1031:
509:
436:
A 1916 Packard Twin-Six Model 1-35 Touring Sedan equipped with
2054:
rear axle; the first on a production car worldwide (1956–1958)
2011:, Packard's self-developed automatic transmission (1949–1953;
6733:
6546:
6400:
6181:
5882:
5819:
5660:
5500:
4225:
3966:
3826:"PackardClub.org • View topic - Packard Marine Engine 1M-245"
2213:
List of defunct automobile manufacturers of the United States
2167:
1514:
1266:
898:
877:
755:
A new body shape was introduced for the 1941 model year, the
5304:
4210:
2190:
The Fort Lauderdale Antique Car Museum was closed after the
1599:
Packard also developed two turbine aircraft engines for the
247:
V-12 engine. This updated engine powered United States Navy
224:
Packard vehicles featured innovations, including the modern
5887:
5359:
2285:(Third ed.). Krause Publications. pp. 1105–1141.
1490:
1113:
A week after the death of Mason, the new president of AMC,
7073:
Defunct aircraft engine manufacturers of the United States
4274:
4115:"The Fort Lauderdale Antique Car Museum Auction Catalogue"
4053:"Fort Lauderdale Antique Car Museum - Featured Motor Cars"
2132:
The Packard advertising song on television had the words:
258:(General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler). Packard merged with
1615:
take-over in 1956, Packard wanted to sell their own jet.
1339:
Dick Teague also designed the last Packard show car, the
1193:
Packard's push-button Ultramatic transmission control pod
965:
655:
1932 Ninth Series De Luxe Eight model 904 sedan-limousine
179:
7093:
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
3715:"1957 Studebaker-Packard, Astral, Form of Power: Atomic"
3679:. Vol. 100, no. 5. November 1953. p. 97.
2576:
2022:
Thunderbolt, a line of Packard Straight Eights after WW2
1527:
engines, and later models featured the improved 5M-2500.
1214:
In 1957, no more Packards were built in Detroit and the
847:
The design chosen was a "bathtub" type, commonly called
1079:
Packard's last major development was the Torsion-Level
691:
by the Packard Motor Company of Canada to benefit from
675:
1934 Eleventh Series Eight model 1101 convertible sedan
7193:
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1962
4211:
A resurrection effort of the Packard Motor Car company
3070:"The beautiful, Canadian-born Packard 120 Sport Coupe"
771:, Packard again built airplane engines, licensing the
552:
By 1931, Packards were also being produced in Canada.
6948:
List of automobiles manufactured in the United States
3673:"Hudson and Packard Present Their Cars of the Future"
3304:
The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis
729:
in 1940–41, continued for three years after the war.
3256:. New York: Random House. pp. 103–5, 110, 203.
7198:
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1899
3241:. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Douglas Offset. p. 52.
1542:" that was used widely in Entente air corps during
732:In 1939, Packard introduced Econo-Drive, a kind of
345:' Gale Model A roadster was $ 500, the high-volume
232:engine used during World War I to power warplanes.
3886:"Old Marine Engine: Packard straight-eight 1m-356"
3717:. Petersen Automotive Museum. 2010. Archived from
2915:
2636:"1906 Packard Model S, the gentleman's sports car"
2605:"More fires break out at Packard Plant in Detroit"
2514:Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
2481:
2338:100 Years of the American Auto: Millennium Edition
1576:designation, used with great success in the famed
512:hood ornament was briefly used in the late 1920s.
7083:Defunct manufacturing companies based in Michigan
3796:"1999 Packard Twelve Prototype - Motor City 2014"
2484:Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877-1925
1090:
581:had been the company's top-seller for years, the
7078:Defunct manufacturing companies based in Indiana
7049:
3281:. Cypress, CA: D.T. Parker. pp. 77, 90–92.
573:more products and remain competitive. While the
5037:(K,L,M,N,S,18,NA,NB,NC,NE,UA,UB,UBS,UC,UCS,UE)
3374:American Cars, 1946–1959 Every Model Every Year
3349:American Cars, 1946-1959 Every Model Every Year
2707:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2180:holds a collection of Packard cars on display.
1965:after Packard design executive Edward Macauley)
380:The 3,500,000 sq ft (330,000 m)
6953:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
4019:. Archived from the original on April 16, 2016
3302:Peck, Merton J.; Scherer, Frederic M. (1962).
3047:. Baltimore: Bookman Publishing. p. 136.
2141:In a Packard you've got the world on a string.
7108:Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Michigan
7088:Defunct manufacturing companies based in Ohio
5290:
4758:
4644:
4290:
4055:. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016
1368:and put on display by the Studebaker museum.
134:in 1954; 'Packard' brand name dropped in 1959
7103:Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Indiana
5910:Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing
4658:
4239:: Free online library of Packard information
3342:
3340:
2692:
2041:TreadleVac power brakes available after 1952
1618:
1538:developed a V12 airplane engine called the "
291:, and their partner, George Lewis Weiss, in
4091:. Legendary Collector Cars. 24 March 2009.
3403:. Publications International. p. 278.
3301:
2283:Standard catalog of American Cars 1805–1942
2276:
2274:
2272:
2244:
1420:Twelve made was sold at an auto auction in
5297:
5283:
4765:
4751:
4651:
4637:
4297:
4283:
4089:"Packard Museum, Fort Lauderdale, Florida"
3467:"The New Packard Torsion Level Suspension"
2340:. Publications International. p. 19.
7183:American companies disestablished in 1962
7113:Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Ohio
3917:The Fall of the Packard Motor Car Company
3773:. Fort CollinsS, Colorado. Archived from
3636:
3464:
3346:
3337:
3232:
3230:
3067:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3003:
2577:DetroitDerek Photography (May 19, 2010).
1328:in 1957 and still in production in 1966.
820:state limousines were a separate design.
687:During this time, Packards were built in
5306:Automotive industry in the United States
5017:
3570:
3396:
3008:. Motorbooks International. p. 50.
2910:
2732:
2712:
2667:"15 Cars That Couldn't Save Their Brand"
2335:
2269:
2250:
1769:Packard Single Eight & Eight (1924-)
1624:
1453:
1296:
1205:
1188:
1165:
1131:
1004:
919:
876:
830:
822:
806:
746:
738:
703:
670:
650:
603:
559:
464:1922 Packard EX truck on display at the
459:
447:
431:
419:
411:
3992:"Packard Proving Grounds Historic Site"
3941:"Three Plug Options For Wiring Systems"
3306:. Harvard Business School. p. 619.
2755:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
2547:Wright, Richard A. (January 16, 2000).
2368:from the original on September 29, 2013
1550:from the late 1910s through the 1930s.
14:
7188:American companies established in 1899
7050:
6963:North American International Auto Show
4807:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4155:from the original on November 30, 2021
4125:from the original on November 30, 2021
4095:from the original on November 30, 2021
3704:. Volume 31, no. 1, 1992, pages 14–29.
3608:"Last Packard produced - Jun 25, 1956"
3521:
3316:
3276:
3251:
3236:
3227:
3042:
3031:
2846:"National Register Information System"
2664:
2585:from the original on February 20, 2014
2546:
2479:
2143:In a Packard car you feel like a king.
5538:Growler Manufacturing and Engineering
5278:
4776:passenger vehicle timeline, 1899–1958
4746:
4632:
4278:
4265:Packard Proving Grounds Historic Site
4181:from the original on December 5, 2017
3896:from the original on January 15, 2019
3806:from the original on December 2, 2017
3618:from the original on January 22, 2018
3371:
2753:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
2665:Wilson, Kevin A. (November 5, 2012).
2646:from the original on November 8, 2018
2633:
2511:
2280:
2174:the community and outreach programs.
2002:
1835:Postwar Packards (including Clipper)
1347:section of the Center for History in
1287:automotive industry crisis of 2008–10
893:in 1941). Packard caught up with the
4787:
4611:
4175:"SIA Flashback – Packard Crushathon"
3914:
3836:from the original on August 11, 2018
3068:Stenquist, Paul (November 6, 2017).
2851:National Register of Historic Places
2838:
2364:. Grosse Pointe Historical Society.
2253:Encyclopedia of American Automobiles
1938:
1480:, was powered by four Packard-built
547:National Register of Historic Places
5327:Transportation in the United States
3639:The Journal of Industrial Economics
3319:"Star letter: ZIS is not a Packard"
3100:"Directory Index: Packard Ads/1937"
2677:from the original on March 23, 2014
2418:"1903 Packard 2 Passenger Runabout"
2317:from the original on March 28, 2022
1568:During WWII, Packard license-built
1292:
791:(each boat used three) and some of
454:Packard Fourth Series Six Model 426
24:
7098:Luxury motor vehicle manufacturers
5432:Environmental Performance Vehicles
3947:from the original on July 12, 2015
3741:"Cruising the Misfits of Motordom"
3554:. October 25, 1954. Archived from
3442:. October 12, 1953. Archived from
3321:. Classic American. Archived from
3211:. October 23, 2007. Archived from
3080:from the original on June 30, 2018
2394:. January 12, 2009. Archived from
2307:"The Packard Speedster Experience"
1584:– to power the war's iconic
1561:, among others. It also powered a
1427:
1407:
1034:to become Kaiser-Willys. Nash and
1009:1953 Packard Caribbean convertible
881:1950 Packard Eight four-door sedan
539:Packard Motor Corporation Building
213:One of the "Three Ps" – alongside
25:
7209:
4196:
3683:from the original on June 5, 2022
3143:. August 20, 2007. Archived from
2983:November 14, 1931, reproduced at
2233:Toronto Transportation Commission
2149:And ask the man, just ask the man
2139:in your Packard, in your Packard.
2061:
1504:, a license-built version of the
27:Defunct luxury automobile company
6999:
6990:
6989:
6958:New York International Auto Show
6796:Cooper Tire & Rubber Company
6640:Kia Motors Manufacturing Georgia
4610:
4599:
4598:
4468:
4243:The Packard Motor Car Foundation
3584:. March 24, 1954. Archived from
3548:"Personnel: Changes of the Week"
3524:Studebaker: the complete history
3372:Flory, J. ("Kelly") Jr. (2008).
2918:Early and Vintage Cars 1886-1930
2117:
2100:
2083:
2071:
1968:Packard Pan-American (1952) and
1639:Packard single-cylinder models:
1513:
1489:
1462:
43:
4167:
4137:
4107:
4081:
4045:
4009:
3998:from the original on 2021-10-05
3984:
3973:from the original on 2022-03-31
3959:
3933:
3908:
3878:
3848:
3818:
3788:
3759:
3733:
3707:
3695:
3665:
3630:
3600:
3540:
3515:
3504:from the original on 2022-03-06
3490:
3479:from the original on 2022-03-06
3458:
3428:
3417:from the original on 2016-05-14
3390:
3365:
3317:Hamlin, George (May 17, 2012).
3310:
3295:
3270:
3245:
3197:
3178:
3159:
3129:
3110:
3092:
3061:
3022:
2997:
2994:. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
2974:
2971:. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
2955:
2952:. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
2936:
2904:
2885:
2882:. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
2862:
2829:
2826:. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
2810:
2807:. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
2787:
2784:. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
2768:
2658:
2627:
2611:. June 29, 2009. Archived from
2597:
2570:
2540:
2505:
2496:
2473:
2464:
1710:Packard Model 18 (Series NA-NC)
1301:1956 Predictor concept, at the
468:Trucking Museum, Walcott, Iowa.
341:'s Black went as low as $ 375,
7178:1962 disestablishments in Ohio
6042:Clydesdale Motor Truck Company
4581:Studebaker-Packard Corporation
3856:"Packard Marine Engine 1M-356"
3347:Flory Jr., J. "Kelly" (2008).
3004:Langworth, Richard M. (1992).
2455:
2446:
2410:
2380:
2354:
2299:
2145:Ride ride ride ride ride along
2137:Ride ride ride ride ride along
1676:Packard four-cylinder models:
1611:. This was one reason for the
1424:, in July 2014 for $ 143,000.
1097:Studebaker-Packard Corporation
1091:Studebaker-Packard Corporation
827:1949 Packard convertible coupé
264:Studebaker-Packard Corporation
13:
1:
6406:North American Bus Industries
5491:General Dynamics Land Systems
4206:Full line of postwar Packards
3967:"The National Packard Museum"
3919:. Stanford University Press.
3465:McFarland, Forest R. (1955).
2634:Evans, Steve (June 2, 2018).
2388:"Packard's 100th Anniversary"
2251:Georgano, G. N., ed. (1971).
2238:
1863:Packard Clipper Constellation
1723:Packard six-cylinder models:
1665:Packard twin-cylinder model:
1582:M3-2500, M4-2500, and M5-2500
1432:
835:1950 Packard Eight Club Sedan
751:1941 110 2-Door Touring Sedan
6729:American Expedition Vehicles
5725:Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus
5322:Economy of the United States
2901:Retrieved September 14, 2013
2747:American Antiquarian Society
2727:American Antiquarian Society
2218:List of Packard aero engines
2208:Afton Station Packard Museum
2151:the lucky man who owns one!
1201:
1157:Briggs Manufacturing Company
802:
762:
699:
555:
407:
278:
7:
7143:1899 establishments in Ohio
6833:Proterra (bus manufacturer)
4304:
3522:Foster, Patrick R. (2015).
3436:"Time Clock, Oct. 12, 1953"
3397:Flammang, James M. (1994).
3239:Leaders of Wartime Michigan
3205:"1941-1947 Packard Clipper"
2336:Flammang, James M. (1999).
2201:
1716:Packard Model 30 (Series U)
1704:Packard Model 24 (Series S)
1657:Packard Model F (1901–1903)
1498:North American P-51 Mustang
1312:that led to the production
1051:American Motors Corporation
1040:American Motors Corporation
110:; 62 years ago
10:
7214:
6896:Rezvani Automotive Designs
6037:Checker Motors Corporation
5262:
5238:
5201:
5199:
5197:
5195:
5158:
5154:
5152:
5098:
5096:
5094:
5087:
5067:
5056:
5049:
5043:
5041:
5033:
5024:
5013:
5011:
5009:
3767:"Edward Herrmann Obituary"
2922:. Mason Crest Publishers.
2526:10.1525/jsah.2019.78.4.442
2147:in your Packard, what fun!
1523:were powered by a trio of
1371:
1345:Studebaker National Museum
1303:Studebaker National Museum
1094:
991:Chrysler New Yorker Deluxe
394:Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly
273:
29:
6976:
6943:Interstate Highway System
6925:
6909:
6878:
6708:
6696:Volkswagen (Westmoreland)
6668:
6602:
6595:
6522:
6032:Carbon Motors Corporation
5923:
5795:
5671:Global Electric Motorcars
5617:Millennium Luxury Coaches
5346:
5335:
5312:
5260:
5258:
5256:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5242:
5240:
5235:
5231:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5191:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5156:
5148:
5135:
5130:
5121:
5116:
5114:
5109:
5107:
5102:
5100:
5091:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5065:
5060:
5058:
5053:
5047:
5045:
5039:
5031:
5028:
5022:
5015:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4994:
4781:
4717:
4669:
4594:
4576:Studebaker-based Packards
4523:
4477:
4466:
4312:
4253:Packard V12 Marine Engine
4073:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4037:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3691:– via Google Books.
3194:Retrieved October 5, 2013
3175:Retrieved October 5, 2013
3126:Retrieved October 5, 2013
2579:"Abandoned Packard Plant"
2488:. Bonanza Books. p.
2438:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2156:
2037:, Packard's name for the
1686:Packard Model K Gray Wolf
1619:Packard automobile models
1354:
708:1939 (17th series) Twelve
402:Shelby Township, Michigan
192:Packard Motor Car Company
175:
163:
148:
138:
122:
104:
88:
80:
70:
59:
55:Packard Motor Car Company
51:
42:
7118:Packard aircraft engines
6660:Volkswagen (Chattanooga)
6027:Boulder Electric Vehicle
5427:Chenowth Racing Products
4989:
4986:
4983:
4980:
4977:
4974:
4971:
4968:
4965:
4962:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4938:
4935:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4920:
4917:
4914:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4902:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4890:
4887:
4884:
4881:
4878:
4875:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4845:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4830:
4827:
4824:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4812:
4259:All Packard Concept Cars
4231:Packard Aircraft Engines
4216:America's Packard Museum
4149:worldwideauctioneers.com
3277:Parker, Dana T. (2013).
3045:Canadian Cars, 1946-1984
2178:America's Packard Museum
1083:by Bill Allison, dubbed
610:Standard Eight model 833
352:went for $ 650, and the
32:Packard (disambiguation)
6645:Mercedes-Benz (Alabama)
6532:Alpha Motor Corporation
6304:International Harvester
4226:National Packard Museum
3915:Ward, James A. (1995).
3252:Herman, Arthur (2012).
3190:August 4, 2016, at the
3171:August 4, 2016, at the
3137:"1937-1947 Packard Six"
2990:August 8, 2016, at the
2948:August 8, 2016, at the
2897:August 9, 2016, at the
2878:August 9, 2016, at the
2822:August 4, 2016, at the
2803:August 9, 2016, at the
2780:August 4, 2016, at the
2640:journal.classiccars.com
2281:Kimes, Beverly (1996).
2184:Packard Proving Grounds
1557:radial. It powered the
521:Imperial House of Japan
398:Packard Proving Grounds
307:, on November 6, 1899.
283:Packard was founded by
268:American Motors Company
262:in 1953 and formed the
18:Ohio Automobile Company
5627:Motor Coach Industries
5205:Custom Super Eight 180
3122:March 5, 2016, at the
3043:Zavitz, Perry (1985).
2967:March 5, 2016, at the
2480:Clymer, Floyd (1971).
2154:
1931:1957 and 1958 Packards
1660:Packard Model M (1904)
1654:Packard Model E (1901)
1651:Packard Model C (1901)
1648:Packard Model B (1900)
1635:
1496:Later variants of the
1305:
1211:
1194:
1174:
1137:
1136:1955 Packard Patrician
1010:
925:
887:automatic transmission
882:
836:
828:
812:
793:Britain's patrol boats
752:
744:
709:
676:
656:
612:
569:
469:
457:
445:
429:
417:
390:Albert Kahn Associates
215:Peerless Motor Company
7034:42.38028°N 83.02833°W
6886:Calty Design Research
6686:General Motors (list)
6625:General Motors (list)
6411:Oliver Farm Equipment
5521:Chevrolet Performance
5382:Amp Electric Vehicles
4261:at OldConceptCars.com
3558:on September 30, 2007
3237:Moranz, John (1945).
3147:on September 30, 2020
2856:National Park Service
2311:classicspeedsters.com
2134:
2050:, Packard's optional
2013:Gear-Start Ultramatic
1920:Packard Station Sedan
1628:
1502:Packard V-1650 Merlin
1476:, winner of the 1921
1454:Other Packard engines
1387:the French car maker
1300:
1209:
1192:
1169:
1135:
1008:
923:
880:
834:
826:
810:
750:
743:1941 180 Formal Sedan
742:
707:
674:
668:about the number 13.
654:
607:
563:
463:
451:
435:
423:
415:
319:Truman Handy Newberry
313:, a member of one of
6901:Wheego Electric Cars
5570:International Motors
4505:William Doud Packard
3702:Automobile Quarterly
3588:on November 16, 2010
3511:– via YouTube.
3446:on December 22, 2008
3028:Langworth, pp. 70-71
1959:Packard Pan-American
1926:Packard Super Panama
1889:Packard Four Hundred
1842:Packard Four Hundred
1774:Packard Custom Eight
1727:Packard Dominant Six
983:Oldsmobile 98 Fiesta
955:Grant Administration
783:, which powered the
666:western superstition
662:planned obsolescence
564:1930 Seventh Series
491:James Alvan Macauley
97:William Doud Packard
30:For other uses, see
7039:42.38028; -83.02833
7030: /
5317:Automotive industry
4789:Number of Cylinders
3890:oldmarineengine.com
3498:"Out of the Future"
3215:on January 23, 2021
3185:Old Car Advertising
3166:Old Car Advertising
3117:Old Car Advertising
2985:Old Car Advertising
2981:The Literary Digest
2962:Old Car Advertising
2943:Old Car Advertising
2892:Old Car Advertising
2873:Old Car Advertising
2871:December 12, 1931;
2869:The Literary Digest
2817:Old Car Advertising
2798:Old Car Advertising
2796:November 14, 1931;
2794:The Literary Digest
2775:Old Car Advertising
2593:– via Flickr.
2398:on February 7, 2010
1961:(1951; also called
1947:(1944; also called
1800:Packard Super Eight
1779:Packard Light Eight
1349:South Bend, Indiana
997:400 Sedan, and the
693:Imperial Preference
618:Carling Black Label
608:1931 Eighth Series
339:Black Motor Company
208:South Bend, Indiana
198:company located in
39:
7063:Brass Era vehicles
6840:Remy International
5666:Polaris Industries
5365:Challenger Tractor
5210:Custom Super Eight
5160:Single Eight/Eight
4500:James Ward Packard
4204:Automobile-Catalog
4017:"About the Museum"
3866:on August 11, 2018
3578:"Autos: New Entry"
3106:on August 4, 2016.
2362:"The Alger Family"
2029:Torsion Level Ride
2003:Packard tradenames
1963:Macauley Speedster
1784:Packard One-Twenty
1733:Packard Single Six
1636:
1632:The New York Times
1594:Gar Wood Speedster
1572:engines under the
1570:Rolls-Royce Merlin
1506:Rolls-Royce Merlin
1500:were powered by a
1306:
1212:
1195:
1175:
1138:
1085:Torsion Level Ride
1011:
926:
909:navigating hills.
883:
837:
829:
813:
753:
745:
714:Packard One-Twenty
710:
677:
657:
613:
570:
568:model 745 roadster
470:
458:
446:
430:
418:
343:Western Tool Works
285:James Ward Packard
194:) was an American
143:Studebaker-Packard
132:Studebaker-Packard
100:George Lewis Weiss
93:James Ward Packard
37:
7013:
7012:
6968:SAE International
6938:Chicago Auto Show
6828:Phoenix Motorcars
6704:
6703:
6635:Hyundai (Alabama)
6518:
6517:
6470:Twentieth Century
6164:Fisker Coachbuild
6159:Fisker Automotive
5948:American LaFrance
5943:American Electric
5730:SSC North America
5511:Cadillac V series
5457:ElDorado National
5272:
5271:
5266:
5265:
4740:
4739:
4626:
4625:
4405:Continental Eight
4248:Packard Predictor
4233:at Engine History
3926:978-0-8047-2457-9
3802:. July 20, 2017.
3677:Popular Mechanics
3533:978-0-7858-3261-4
3410:978-0-7853-0778-5
3383:978-0-7864-3229-5
3358:978-0-7864-3229-5
3288:978-0-9897906-0-4
3263:978-0-8129-8204-6
2929:978-1-59084-491-5
2671:Popular Mechanics
2347:978-0-7853-3484-2
2192:COVID-19 pandemic
2093:Indianapolis Star
1993:Packard Predictor
1939:Packard show cars
1910:Packard Patrician
1884:Packard Executive
1848:Packard Caribbean
1478:Harmsworth Trophy
1074:Charles E. Wilson
987:Cadillac Eldorado
479:Buffalo, New York
456:Runabout Roadster
442:Emperor of Russia
440:belonging to the
332:Lehigh University
196:luxury automobile
185:
184:
16:(Redirected from
7205:
7138:Vintage vehicles
7133:Veteran vehicles
7123:Pre-war vehicles
7045:
7044:
7042:
7041:
7040:
7035:
7031:
7028:
7027:
7026:
7023:
7003:
6993:
6992:
6650:Subaru (Indiana)
6600:
6599:
6572:Lordstown Motors
6542:Bollinger Motors
6431:Sebring Vanguard
6169:Force Protection
6154:Fitch Four Drive
5787:Zero Motorcycles
5597:Lenco Industries
5587:Karma Automotive
5437:Equus Automotive
5344:
5343:
5299:
5292:
5285:
5276:
5275:
4995:Single and Twin
4785:
4784:
4767:
4760:
4753:
4744:
4743:
4663:aircraft engines
4653:
4646:
4639:
4630:
4629:
4614:
4613:
4602:
4601:
4541:Clipper (marque)
4531:Aircraft engines
4515:Jesse G. Vincent
4485:Henry Bourne Joy
4472:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4276:
4275:
4221:The Packard Club
4191:
4190:
4188:
4186:
4171:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4160:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4085:
4079:
4078:
4072:
4064:
4062:
4060:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4036:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4013:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3963:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3943:. 5 March 2014.
3937:
3931:
3930:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3882:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3871:
3862:. Archived from
3852:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3822:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3771:obitsforlife.com
3763:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3721:on June 24, 2009
3711:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3688:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3604:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3574:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3478:
3471:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3432:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3394:
3388:
3387:
3369:
3363:
3362:
3344:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3325:on July 29, 2013
3314:
3308:
3307:
3299:
3293:
3292:
3274:
3268:
3267:
3249:
3243:
3242:
3234:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3201:
3195:
3182:
3176:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3133:
3127:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3102:. Archived from
3096:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3065:
3059:
3058:
3040:
3029:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3001:
2995:
2978:
2972:
2959:
2953:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2921:
2908:
2902:
2889:
2883:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2842:
2836:
2833:
2827:
2814:
2808:
2791:
2785:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2750:
2744:
2730:
2724:
2709:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2682:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2615:on March 2, 2012
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2555:. Archived from
2544:
2538:
2537:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2487:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2453:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2437:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2278:
2267:
2266:
2248:
2121:
2104:
2087:
2075:
1953:Macauley's Folly
1853:Packard Cavalier
1822:Packard Twin Six
1810:Packard Twin Six
1536:Jesse G. Vincent
1517:
1493:
1466:
1293:Concept Packards
1161:John Z. DeLorean
1115:George W. Romney
1055:strategic vision
924:1951 Packard 300
906:torque converter
689:Windsor, Ontario
648:had all closed.
588:
518:
502:Packard Twin Six
426:Packard Twin Six
371:Isotta Fraschini
323:Russell A. Alger
311:Henry Bourne Joy
301:Alexander Winton
118:
116:
111:
47:
40:
36:
21:
7213:
7212:
7208:
7207:
7206:
7204:
7203:
7202:
7048:
7047:
7038:
7036:
7032:
7029:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7017:
7016:
7014:
7009:
6986:
6972:
6921:
6905:
6874:
6850:Shelby American
6716:
6714:performance car
6712:
6710:
6709:Auto component
6700:
6676:Chrysler (list)
6664:
6615:Chrysler (list)
6610:BMW Spartanburg
6591:
6587:Trion Supercars
6524:
6514:
6198:General Motors
5953:American Motors
5938:American Austin
5925:
5919:
5797:
5791:
5698:Holiday Rambler
5602:Lockheed Martin
5543:Harley-Davidson
5397:ATK motorcycles
5370:Massey Ferguson
5348:
5339:
5337:
5331:
5308:
5303:
5273:
5268:
5267:
5169:Super Eight 160
4777:
4771:
4741:
4736:
4719:Turbine engines
4713:
4665:
4657:
4627:
4622:
4590:
4561:Proving Grounds
4519:
4473:
4464:
4460:Packard-Bentley
4395:Clipper (model)
4308:
4303:
4270:Packardinfo.com
4199:
4194:
4184:
4182:
4173:
4172:
4168:
4158:
4156:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4098:
4096:
4087:
4086:
4082:
4066:
4065:
4058:
4056:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4030:
4029:
4022:
4020:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4001:
3999:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3976:
3974:
3965:
3964:
3960:
3950:
3948:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3927:
3913:
3909:
3899:
3897:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3869:
3867:
3860:packardclub.org
3854:
3853:
3849:
3839:
3837:
3830:packardclub.org
3824:
3823:
3819:
3809:
3807:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3780:
3778:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3750:
3748:
3747:. April 9, 2009
3739:
3738:
3734:
3724:
3722:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3700:
3696:
3686:
3684:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3651:10.2307/2098583
3635:
3631:
3621:
3619:
3606:
3605:
3601:
3591:
3589:
3576:
3575:
3571:
3561:
3559:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3534:
3520:
3516:
3507:
3505:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3469:
3463:
3459:
3449:
3447:
3434:
3433:
3429:
3420:
3418:
3411:
3395:
3391:
3384:
3370:
3366:
3359:
3345:
3338:
3328:
3326:
3315:
3311:
3300:
3296:
3289:
3275:
3271:
3264:
3250:
3246:
3235:
3228:
3218:
3216:
3209:How Stuff Works
3203:
3202:
3198:
3192:Wayback Machine
3183:
3179:
3173:Wayback Machine
3164:
3160:
3150:
3148:
3141:How Stuff Works
3135:
3134:
3130:
3124:Wayback Machine
3115:
3111:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3083:
3081:
3066:
3062:
3055:
3041:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3016:
3002:
2998:
2992:Wayback Machine
2979:
2975:
2969:Wayback Machine
2960:
2956:
2950:Wayback Machine
2941:
2937:
2930:
2912:Georgano, G. N.
2909:
2905:
2899:Wayback Machine
2890:
2886:
2880:Wayback Machine
2867:
2863:
2858:. July 9, 2010.
2844:
2843:
2839:
2835:Clymer, p. 112.
2834:
2830:
2824:Wayback Machine
2815:
2811:
2805:Wayback Machine
2792:
2788:
2782:Wayback Machine
2773:
2769:
2759:
2757:
2742:
2734:McCusker, J. J.
2722:
2714:McCusker, J. J.
2710:
2693:
2680:
2678:
2663:
2659:
2649:
2647:
2632:
2628:
2618:
2616:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2588:
2586:
2575:
2571:
2562:
2560:
2545:
2541:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2451:
2447:
2431:
2430:
2423:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2401:
2399:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2371:
2369:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2348:
2334:
2330:
2320:
2318:
2313:. May 8, 2020.
2305:
2304:
2300:
2293:
2279:
2270:
2263:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2228:Packard 1A-2500
2223:Packard 1A-1500
2204:
2159:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2113:
2110:Syracuse Herald
2105:
2096:
2088:
2079:
2076:
2064:
2017:Twin Ultramatic
2005:
1987:Packard Request
1981:Packard Panther
1970:Panther-Daytona
1945:Packard Phantom
1941:
1905:Packard Pacific
1900:Packard Mayfair
1874:see Packard 200
1858:Packard Clipper
1745:Packard One-Ten
1698:Packard Model N
1692:Packard Model L
1680:Packard Model K
1669:Packard Model G
1643:Packard Model A
1621:
1563:Bellanca CH-300
1532:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1525:Packard 4M-2500
1518:
1510:
1509:
1494:
1486:
1485:
1467:
1456:
1435:
1430:
1428:Packard engines
1410:
1408:Aborted revival
1374:
1362:nuclear powered
1357:
1295:
1246:Studebaker Lark
1220:Packard Clipper
1204:
1172:Packard Clipper
1099:
1093:
1047:George W. Mason
970:Social Security
858:Modern Mechanix
805:
765:
757:Packard Clipper
702:
620:Beer. By 1938,
595:shock absorbers
586:
558:
516:
487:Cleveland, Ohio
410:
386:Grand Boulevard
281:
276:
166:
114:
112:
109:
99:
95:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7211:
7201:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7011:
7010:
7008:
7007:
6997:
6985:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6971:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6929:
6927:
6926:Related topics
6923:
6922:
6920:
6919:
6913:
6911:
6907:
6906:
6904:
6903:
6898:
6893:
6888:
6882:
6880:
6879:Design studios
6876:
6875:
6873:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6836:
6835:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6808:Ingersoll Rand
6805:
6800:
6799:
6798:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6771:Detroit Diesel
6768:
6767:
6766:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6720:
6718:
6706:
6705:
6702:
6701:
6699:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6672:
6670:
6666:
6665:
6663:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6606:
6604:
6597:
6593:
6592:
6590:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6562:Faraday Future
6559:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6528:
6526:
6525:pre-production
6520:
6519:
6516:
6515:
6513:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6475:United Defense
6472:
6467:
6466:
6465:
6455:
6454:
6453:
6448:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6362:
6361:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6340:
6339:
6334:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6275:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6196:
6191:
6190:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6145:
6144:
6139:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6120:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5983:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5971:
5970:
5965:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5933:Allis-Chalmers
5929:
5927:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5896:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5870:
5869:
5868:
5858:
5857:
5856:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5835:
5834:
5824:
5823:
5822:
5812:
5807:
5801:
5799:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5784:
5782:VLF Automotive
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5763:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5715:Rezvani Motors
5712:
5711:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5685:
5684:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5663:
5658:
5657:
5656:
5651:
5641:
5640:
5639:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5578:
5577:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5556:
5555:
5548:Ingersoll Rand
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5529:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5496:General Motors
5493:
5488:
5487:
5486:
5481:
5471:
5470:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5356:
5354:
5341:
5333:
5332:
5330:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5302:
5301:
5294:
5287:
5279:
5270:
5269:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5259:
5257:
5255:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5241:
5239:
5237:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5134:
5129:
5120:
5115:
5113:
5108:
5106:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5069:Single Six/Six
5066:
5064:
5059:
5057:
5055:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5046:
5044:
5042:
5040:
5038:
5032:
5030:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5010:
5008:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4992:
4991:
4988:
4985:
4982:
4979:
4976:
4973:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4940:
4937:
4934:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4922:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4868:
4865:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4853:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4835:
4832:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4810:
4809:
4806:
4803:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4791:
4783:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4770:
4769:
4762:
4755:
4747:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4729:
4723:
4721:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4675:
4673:
4671:Piston engines
4667:
4666:
4656:
4655:
4648:
4641:
4633:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4608:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4527:
4525:
4524:Related topics
4521:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4495:James J. Nance
4492:
4490:Alvan Macauley
4487:
4481:
4479:
4475:
4474:
4467:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4309:
4302:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4256:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4234:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4198:
4197:External links
4195:
4193:
4192:
4166:
4136:
4106:
4080:
4044:
4008:
3983:
3958:
3932:
3925:
3907:
3877:
3847:
3817:
3800:rmsothebys.com
3787:
3758:
3732:
3706:
3694:
3664:
3645:(4): 457–482.
3629:
3599:
3569:
3539:
3532:
3514:
3489:
3457:
3427:
3409:
3389:
3382:
3364:
3357:
3336:
3309:
3294:
3287:
3269:
3262:
3244:
3226:
3196:
3177:
3158:
3128:
3109:
3091:
3060:
3053:
3030:
3021:
3014:
2996:
2973:
2954:
2935:
2928:
2903:
2884:
2861:
2837:
2828:
2809:
2786:
2767:
2751:1800–present:
2691:
2657:
2626:
2596:
2569:
2539:
2520:(4): 444–445.
2504:
2502:Clymer, p. 63.
2495:
2472:
2470:Clymer, p. 32.
2463:
2461:Clymer, p. 51.
2454:
2452:Clymer, p. 61.
2445:
2409:
2379:
2353:
2346:
2328:
2298:
2291:
2268:
2261:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2203:
2200:
2163:General Motors
2158:
2155:
2135:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2116:
2114:
2106:
2099:
2097:
2089:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:Advertisements
2060:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2045:
2042:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1975:Packard Balboa
1972:
1966:
1956:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1917:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1828:Packard Twelve
1825:
1819:
1813:
1806:Packard V-12:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1742:
1736:
1730:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1683:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1620:
1617:
1613:Curtiss-Wright
1574:Packard V-1650
1540:Liberty engine
1519:
1512:
1511:
1495:
1488:
1487:
1474:Miss America 2
1468:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1414:Packard Twelve
1409:
1406:
1373:
1370:
1356:
1353:
1294:
1291:
1203:
1200:
1177:For 1956, the
1147:overhead-valve
1095:Main article:
1092:
1089:
1016:General Motors
804:
801:
764:
761:
701:
698:
634:Stearns-Knight
591:Packard Twelve
557:
554:
438:Kegresse track
428:Touring (1-35)
409:
406:
287:, his brother
280:
277:
275:
272:
226:steering wheel
190:(formerly the
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
167:
164:
161:
160:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
124:
120:
119:
106:
102:
101:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
61:
57:
56:
53:
49:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7210:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7055:
7053:
7046:
7043:
7006:
7002:
6998:
6996:
6988:
6987:
6982:
6979:
6978:
6975:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6924:
6918:
6917:Massachusetts
6915:
6914:
6912:
6908:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6881:
6877:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6853:
6851:
6848:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6834:
6831:
6830:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6797:
6794:
6793:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6765:
6762:
6761:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6749:Callaway Cars
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6721:
6719:
6715:
6707:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6673:
6671:
6667:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6607:
6605:
6601:
6598:
6594:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6552:Commuter Cars
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6537:Aptera Motors
6535:
6533:
6530:
6529:
6527:
6521:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6464:
6461:
6460:
6459:
6456:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6360:
6357:
6356:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6338:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6316:
6315:
6314:Kaiser-Frazer
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6257:Scripps-Booth
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6199:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6174:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5960:
5959:
5956:
5955:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5922:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5875:
5874:
5871:
5867:
5864:
5863:
5862:
5859:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5839:Mercedes-Benz
5837:
5833:
5830:
5829:
5828:
5825:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5810:Daimler Truck
5808:
5806:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5794:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5735:Superformance
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5709:
5708:Wheeled Coach
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5690:
5689:
5686:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5645:
5642:
5638:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5576:
5573:
5572:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5554:
5551:
5550:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5476:
5475:
5472:
5468:
5467:Starcraft Bus
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5444:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5412:Callaway Cars
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5362:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5345:
5342:
5338:manufacturers
5334:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5311:
5307:
5300:
5295:
5293:
5288:
5286:
5281:
5280:
5277:
5254:
5245:
5234:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5216:
5215:Patrician 400
5211:
5206:
5194:
5189:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5161:
5151:
5146:
5142:
5138:
5133:
5132:200 & 250
5128:
5127:Station Sedan
5124:
5119:
5112:
5105:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5063:
5052:
5036:
5027:
5020:
5005:
5000:
4993:
4811:
4790:
4786:
4780:
4775:
4768:
4763:
4761:
4756:
4754:
4749:
4748:
4745:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4720:
4716:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4661:
4654:
4649:
4647:
4642:
4640:
4635:
4634:
4631:
4619:
4618:
4609:
4607:
4606:
4597:
4596:
4593:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4522:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4471:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4455:Station Sedan
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4400:Constellation
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4300:
4295:
4293:
4288:
4286:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4200:
4180:
4176:
4170:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4140:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4110:
4094:
4090:
4084:
4076:
4070:
4054:
4048:
4040:
4034:
4018:
4012:
3997:
3993:
3987:
3972:
3968:
3962:
3946:
3942:
3936:
3928:
3922:
3918:
3911:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3881:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3851:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3791:
3777:on 2016-07-01
3776:
3772:
3768:
3762:
3746:
3742:
3736:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3703:
3698:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3668:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3633:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3603:
3592:September 15,
3587:
3583:
3579:
3573:
3562:September 15,
3557:
3553:
3549:
3543:
3535:
3529:
3525:
3518:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3431:
3416:
3412:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3393:
3385:
3379:
3376:. McFarland.
3375:
3368:
3360:
3354:
3351:. McFarland.
3350:
3343:
3341:
3324:
3320:
3313:
3305:
3298:
3290:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3265:
3259:
3255:
3248:
3240:
3233:
3231:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3200:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3181:
3174:
3170:
3167:
3162:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3132:
3125:
3121:
3118:
3113:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3064:
3056:
3054:0-934780-43-9
3050:
3046:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3025:
3017:
3015:0-87938-427-1
3011:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2958:
2951:
2947:
2944:
2939:
2931:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2888:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2870:
2865:
2857:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2841:
2832:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2813:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2783:
2779:
2776:
2771:
2756:
2748:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2688:
2676:
2673:. p. 1.
2672:
2668:
2661:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2619:September 15,
2614:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2589:September 15,
2584:
2580:
2573:
2559:on 2012-07-10
2558:
2554:
2550:
2543:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2508:
2499:
2491:
2486:
2485:
2476:
2467:
2458:
2449:
2441:
2435:
2424:September 15,
2419:
2413:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2372:September 15,
2367:
2363:
2357:
2349:
2343:
2339:
2332:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2294:
2292:0-87341-478-0
2288:
2284:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2264:
2258:
2254:
2247:
2243:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2199:
2195:
2193:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2169:
2164:
2152:
2133:
2120:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2103:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2086:
2081:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2056:
2053:
2049:
2048:Twin Traction
2046:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2006:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1914:Patrician 400
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:Packard 250,
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1838:Packard 400,
1837:
1836:
1834:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1764:Packard Eight
1762:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1627:
1623:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1595:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1559:Stinson SM-8D
1556:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1492:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1379:
1369:
1365:
1363:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1304:
1299:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1253:Packardbakers
1249:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1208:
1199:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1143:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1007:
1003:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
979:Buick Skylark
976:
971:
967:
962:
960:
956:
950:
946:
942:
940:
936:
932:
922:
918:
916:
915:Station Sedan
910:
907:
902:
900:
896:
892:
888:
879:
875:
871:
870:problematic.
868:
864:
860:
859:
854:
850:
845:
842:
833:
825:
821:
819:
809:
800:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
760:
758:
749:
741:
737:
735:
730:
728:
723:
719:
715:
706:
697:
694:
690:
685:
683:
673:
669:
667:
663:
653:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
611:
606:
602:
600:
596:
592:
584:
580:
576:
567:
562:
553:
550:
548:
544:
540:
535:
533:
532:San Francisco
529:
528:New York City
524:
522:
513:
511:
507:
506:Packard Eight
503:
499:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
467:
462:
455:
450:
443:
439:
434:
427:
422:
414:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
382:Packard plant
378:
376:
375:Mercedes-Benz
372:
368:
364:
359:
358:Cole Runabout
355:
351:
348:
344:
340:
335:
333:
329:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
271:
269:
265:
261:
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
233:
231:
227:
222:
220:
216:
211:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
181:
178:
174:
171:
168:
162:
158:
154:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
107:
103:
98:
94:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
65:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
41:
33:
19:
7015:
6818:Lingenfelter
6786:General Tire
6655:Tesla (list)
6630:Honda (list)
6577:Myers Motors
6523:Concept and
6426:Pierce-Arrow
6415:
6381:Monaco Coach
6279:Goshen Coach
6272:Yellow Coach
6082:Diamond-Star
6052:Commonwealth
5798:subsidiaries
5622:Morgan Olson
5607:Lucid Motors
5447:Champion Bus
5442:Forest River
5392:Armour Group
4788:
4659:
4615:
4603:
4440:Pan-American
4305:
4237:Packard Info
4203:
4183:. Retrieved
4169:
4159:November 30,
4157:. Retrieved
4148:
4139:
4129:November 30,
4127:. Retrieved
4118:
4109:
4099:November 30,
4097:. Retrieved
4083:
4059:November 30,
4057:. Retrieved
4047:
4023:November 30,
4021:. Retrieved
4011:
4000:. Retrieved
3986:
3975:. Retrieved
3961:
3949:. Retrieved
3935:
3916:
3910:
3898:. Retrieved
3889:
3880:
3868:. Retrieved
3864:the original
3859:
3850:
3838:. Retrieved
3829:
3820:
3808:. Retrieved
3799:
3790:
3779:. Retrieved
3775:the original
3770:
3761:
3749:. Retrieved
3744:
3735:
3723:. Retrieved
3719:the original
3709:
3701:
3697:
3685:. Retrieved
3676:
3667:
3642:
3638:
3632:
3620:. Retrieved
3611:
3602:
3590:. Retrieved
3586:the original
3581:
3572:
3560:. Retrieved
3556:the original
3551:
3542:
3523:
3517:
3506:. Retrieved
3492:
3481:. Retrieved
3460:
3448:. Retrieved
3444:the original
3439:
3430:
3419:. Retrieved
3399:
3392:
3373:
3367:
3348:
3327:. Retrieved
3323:the original
3312:
3303:
3297:
3278:
3272:
3253:
3247:
3238:
3217:. Retrieved
3213:the original
3208:
3199:
3180:
3161:
3149:. Retrieved
3145:the original
3140:
3131:
3112:
3104:the original
3094:
3082:. Retrieved
3073:
3063:
3044:
3024:
3005:
2999:
2980:
2976:
2957:
2938:
2917:
2906:
2887:
2868:
2864:
2849:
2840:
2831:
2812:
2793:
2789:
2770:
2760:February 29,
2758:. Retrieved
2738:
2718:
2686:
2679:. Retrieved
2670:
2660:
2648:. Retrieved
2639:
2629:
2617:. Retrieved
2613:the original
2608:
2599:
2587:. Retrieved
2572:
2561:. Retrieved
2557:the original
2553:Detroit News
2552:
2542:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2498:
2483:
2475:
2466:
2457:
2448:
2422:. Retrieved
2412:
2400:. Retrieved
2396:the original
2391:
2382:
2370:. Retrieved
2356:
2337:
2331:
2319:. Retrieved
2310:
2301:
2282:
2262:0-525-097929
2252:
2246:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2176:
2172:
2160:
2136:
2131:
2108:
2091:
2052:limited-slip
2016:
2012:
1969:
1962:
1952:
1949:Brown Bomber
1948:
1913:
1894:Packard Hawk
1873:
1839:
1630:
1622:
1601:US Air Force
1598:
1590:
1578:P-51 Mustang
1567:
1552:
1533:
1482:Liberty L-12
1473:
1436:
1422:Plymouth, MI
1413:
1411:
1401:Daimler-Benz
1382:
1375:
1366:
1358:
1338:
1330:
1310:Pan American
1307:
1262:Duncan McRae
1257:Packard Hawk
1250:
1244:such as the
1242:compact cars
1213:
1210:1958 Packard
1196:
1184:
1176:
1154:
1139:
1127:
1123:
1112:
1100:
1084:
1078:
1067:
1063:
1044:
1030:merged with
1012:
963:
951:
947:
943:
927:
911:
903:
884:
872:
863:Tom McCahill
856:
846:
838:
814:
797:
785:P-51 Mustang
775:engine from
769:World War II
766:
754:
731:
722:Packard 115C
711:
686:
678:
658:
646:Pierce-Arrow
614:
577:five-seater
571:
566:Deluxe Eight
551:
543:Philadelphia
536:
525:
514:
495:
475:Pierce-Arrow
471:
379:
336:
327:
309:
305:Warren, Ohio
293:Warren, Ohio
282:
253:
245:Liberty L-12
241:Merlin V-12s
237:World War II
234:
230:Liberty L-12
223:
219:Pierce-Arrow
212:
191:
187:
186:
170:Henry B. Joy
149:Headquarters
126:Merged with
60:Company type
7037: /
6891:Designworks
6754:Caterpillar
6711:makers and
6681:Ford (list)
6620:Ford (list)
6557:Elio Motors
6177:Continental
6072:Cycle-Scoot
5861:Seres Group
5612:Mack Trucks
5417:Caterpillar
5174:Super Eight
5164:Super Eight
5104:Light Eight
4510:Dick Teague
4185:December 4,
3900:January 13,
3870:January 13,
3840:January 13,
3810:December 1,
3687:January 18,
3622:January 20,
3612:History.com
3450:December 1,
3074:hagerty.com
2731:1700–1799:
2711:1634–1699:
2650:November 7,
1983:(1954–1955)
1922:(1949–1950)
1912:(including
1879:Packard 300
1868:Packard 200
1830:(1932–1939)
1818:(1916–1923)
1816:Packard 905
1812:(1916–1923)
1795:Packard 180
1790:Packard 160
1786:(1935–1942)
1758:(1937–1949)
1756:Packard Six
1750:Packard 115
1741:(1925–1929)
1739:Packard Six
1735:(1921–1924)
1729:(1912–1915)
1718:(1907–1912)
1712:(1905–1907)
1645:(1899–1900)
1629:1907 ad on
1544:World War I
1448:carburetors
1238:loss leader
1142:Dick Teague
959:James Nance
939:Oldsmobiles
777:Rolls-Royce
718:Super Eight
599:Light Eight
498:Packard Six
363:Rolls-Royce
210:, in 1958.
180:automobiles
66:(1899–1954)
7173:1950s cars
7168:1940s cars
7163:1930s cars
7158:1920s cars
7153:1910s cars
7148:1900s cars
7128:Studebaker
7068:Car brands
7052:Categories
7025:83°01′42″W
7022:42°22′49″N
6865:Torrington
6744:BorgWarner
6739:BFGoodrich
6567:Fisker Inc
6441:Studebaker
6401:New United
6242:Oldsmobile
6232:McLaughlin
6102:Locomobile
6087:Duesenberg
6067:CNH Global
5968:Terraplane
5915:Volkswagen
5873:Stellantis
5844:Mitsubishi
5777:VIA Motors
5772:Ultimaster
5767:Trans Tech
5750:Arctic Cat
5582:John Deere
5560:HDT Global
5462:Glaval Bus
5377:AM General
5340:and brands
4586:Ultramatic
4255:at Pt-Boat
4002:2021-10-05
3977:2022-06-05
3781:2016-05-31
3508:2022-03-06
3483:2022-03-06
3421:2012-01-31
2563:2012-01-31
2239:References
2019:1955–1956)
2009:Ultramatic
1433:Automobile
1393:Excellence
1389:Facel Vega
1104:Kelvinator
1081:suspension
1070:Korean War
895:Ultramatic
891:Hydramatic
867:Queen Mary
642:Duesenberg
347:Oldsmobile
337:While the
328:alma mater
260:Studebaker
165:Key people
128:Studebaker
75:Automotive
6803:Hennessey
6781:Firestone
6596:Factories
6485:Visionary
6391:MotoCzysz
6359:Roosevelt
6289:GreenTech
6227:Marquette
6212:GM Diesel
6202:Cartercar
6129:Excalibur
6124:Eagle Bus
5924:Defunct /
5693:Fleetwood
5688:REV Group
5654:Peterbilt
5516:Chevrolet
5407:Blue Bird
5228:Patrician
5224:Caribbean
5188:Executive
5145:Starlight
4999:Model A-F
4450:Patrician
4425:Model A-F
4410:Executive
4385:Caribbean
4119:issuu.com
2681:March 23,
2534:213601851
2187:Grounds.
2035:Easamatic
1444:V8 engine
1418:prototype
1397:cormorant
1341:Predictor
1314:Caribbean
1234:Patrician
1229:McCulloch
1202:1957–1958
1119:V8 engine
1068:Although
995:Patrician
975:Caribbean
933:two-door
803:1946–1956
763:1942–1945
734:overdrive
700:1937–1941
587:US$ 3,650
556:1931–1936
549:in 1980.
517:US$ 2,000
408:1906–1930
279:1899–1905
256:Big Three
139:Successor
6995:Category
6910:By state
6791:Goodyear
6500:Wildfire
6436:Sterling
6421:Peerless
6349:Marathon
6319:Allstate
6262:Sheridan
6149:Fiberfab
6142:Plymouth
6077:DeLorean
6007:Autoette
5878:Chrysler
5854:Infiniti
5796:Foreign
5649:Kenworth
5553:Club Car
5506:Cadillac
5387:Arcimoto
5347:Current
5244:Twin Six
5184:Cavalier
4605:Category
4566:Showroom
4536:Building
4390:Cavalier
4345:Twin Six
4313:Vehicles
4179:Archived
4153:Archived
4123:Archived
4093:Archived
4069:cite web
4033:cite web
3996:Archived
3971:Archived
3951:July 11,
3945:Archived
3894:Archived
3834:Archived
3804:Archived
3751:June 11,
3725:June 14,
3681:Archived
3616:Archived
3502:Archived
3500:. 1954.
3474:Archived
3415:Archived
3329:July 29,
3188:Archived
3169:Archived
3120:Archived
3084:June 30,
3078:Archived
2988:Archived
2965:Archived
2946:Archived
2914:(2002).
2895:Archived
2876:Archived
2820:Archived
2801:Archived
2778:Archived
2736:(1992).
2716:(1997).
2675:Archived
2644:Archived
2609:wwmt.com
2583:Archived
2434:cite web
2366:Archived
2315:Archived
2202:See also
1586:PT boats
1548:Gar Wood
1521:PT boats
1484:engines.
1470:Gar Wood
1440:flathead
1316:and the
1108:Hotpoint
1024:Chrysler
935:hardtops
789:PT boats
622:Franklin
583:Twin Six
483:Peerless
384:on East
350:Runabout
249:PT boats
204:Michigan
176:Products
157:Michigan
130:to form
89:Founders
71:Industry
52:Formerly
7058:Packard
6870:Visteon
6823:Nexteer
6759:Cummins
6724:Allison
6717:modders
6691:Packard
6669:Defunct
6446:Erskine
6416:Packard
6329:Henry J
6309:Jeffery
6294:Grumman
6247:Pontiac
6237:Oakland
6222:LaSalle
6187:Mercury
6133:FCA US
5992:Armored
5980:Rambler
5926:former
5827:Hyundai
5760:Cushman
5745:Textron
5681:Victory
5632:Oshkosh
5592:Laffite
5479:Lincoln
5452:Collins
5422:Czinger
5402:Autocar
5336:Vehicle
5236:Twelve
5220:Pacific
5141:Mayfair
5137:Clipper
5084:Clipper
5079:Clipper
5004:Model G
4774:Packard
4660:Packard
4617:Commons
4571:Station
4546:Factory
4445:Panther
4435:Pacific
4430:Model G
4420:Mayfair
4340:Super 8
4335:Light 8
4306:Packard
3659:2098583
2402:May 21,
1385:rebadge
1372:The end
1333:Request
1326:Mercury
1318:Panther
1227:with a
1216:Clipper
1179:Clipper
1038:became
1014:Three"—
931:Mayfair
841:Clipper
818:ZiS-110
779:as the
466:Iowa 80
367:Renault
354:Cole 30
315:Detroit
289:William
274:History
235:During
200:Detroit
188:Packard
153:Detroit
113: (
105:Defunct
81:Founded
64:Private
38:Packard
7005:Portal
6860:Timken
6845:Saleen
6813:Legacy
6764:Brammo
6603:Active
6582:Nikola
6510:Zimmer
6451:Rockne
6386:Mosler
6376:Mercer
6371:Matbro
6366:Marvel
6354:Marmon
6337:Willys
6333:Kaiser
6324:Frazer
6299:Henney
6267:Viking
6252:Saturn
6207:Elmore
6092:Durant
6012:Avanti
6002:Aurica
5997:Auburn
5958:Hudson
5905:Toyota
5900:Subaru
5849:Nissan
5755:E-Z-Go
5720:Rivian
5703:Laymor
5676:Indian
5644:Paccar
5637:Pierce
5575:IC Bus
5533:Gillig
5253:Twelve
5092:Eight
4808:1950s
4805:1940s
4802:1930s
4799:1920s
4796:1910s
4793:1900s
4709:X-2775
4704:V-1650
4699:DR-980
4694:A-2500
4689:A-2025
4684:A-1500
4679:A-1100
4556:Museum
4551:Jingle
4478:People
3923:
3657:
3530:
3407:
3380:
3355:
3285:
3260:
3219:May 1,
3151:May 1,
3051:
3012:
2926:
2532:
2344:
2321:May 1,
2289:
2259:
2157:Legacy
2039:Bendix
2015:1954,
1995:(1956)
1989:(1955)
1977:(1953)
1896:(1958)
1824:(1932)
1752:(1937)
1706:(1906)
1700:(1905)
1694:(1904)
1688:(1903)
1682:(1903)
1671:(1902)
1603:, the
1555:DR-980
1378:Avanti
1355:Astral
1322:Balboa
1283:Kaiser
1281:, and
1279:DeSoto
1271:Hudson
1059:Nashes
1036:Hudson
1032:Willys
1028:Kaiser
1022:, and
999:Derham
989:, and
849:ponton
781:V-1650
773:Merlin
644:, and
630:Ruxton
626:Marmon
510:Adonis
481:, and
444:(1917)
373:, and
297:Winton
159:, U.S.
6776:Eaton
6734:Aptiv
6547:Canoo
6495:White
6463:Scion
6458:Stutz
6396:Muntz
6344:Local
6284:Green
6182:Edsel
6173:Ford
6137:Eagle
6112:Rugby
6107:Mason
6097:Flint
6017:Avery
5987:Armor
5963:Essex
5883:Dodge
5866:Seres
5820:Acura
5815:Honda
5740:Tesla
5661:Panoz
5501:Buick
5123:Eight
5029:Four
3745:Wired
3655:JSTOR
3477:(PDF)
3470:(PDF)
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