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received 752 casualties. Of these, 101 were killed. 258 soldiers were transported from the front because of sickness, mostly as a direct result of the adverse weather conditions. The 7th
Armoured Division counted just over 400 casualties. The Desert Rats' losses in vehicles were rather light, with only 20 tanks knocked out by the enemy and a further 23 broken down due to mechanical problems. Of the knocked-out tanks 10 were damaged beyond repair. The number of German casualties was approximately 2,000. During the operation, 490 prisoners were taken by the Desert Rats, amongst them were six officers. The Lowland Division took more than 1,200 prisoners, the Wessex Division took some 400 soldiers captive.
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raids, the
Germans took shelter in the cellars among the civilians, and in the wooded areas just outside the village. The bombing raids that struck Montfort on the 21st and 22nd were carried out by the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) 2nd Tactical Air Force - No. 83 Group - 143 Wing. This Wing consisted of
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The operation was a success for the Allies since all its objectives were met. The German divisions were thrown out of the Roer
Triangle except for the area immediately south of Roermond. Here, HĂĽbner's paratroopers stayed in control. The 52nd Lowland British Division fought the toughest battles and
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counted 34 casualties, of which three men from I Company were killed in action. More than one hundred German soldiers died. German paratroopers who were not killed only left the cellars under civilian cover, afraid that they would be shot by the victors. HĂĽbner had lost one company and a second had
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crossed the river Roer south of
Heinsberg in the early hours of 23 February 1945. Twelve hours later Simpson had 16 battalions on the east bank, together with seven heavy bridges, and several light assault bridges. American losses were light on the first day; 700 prisoners were taken. A task force
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Between Friday evening the 19 January and
Tuesday the 23 January the Dutch village of Montfort was shelled or bombed on seven occasions. The village was hit by more than 100 bombs overall, and most of these fell in the centre of the village. Nearly all of the 250 houses were damaged. During these
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was a turning point in
Operation Blackcock. After four days of fighting, the Germans knew that the armoured division that was facing them relied heavily on the roads to manoeuvre their vehicles, especially due to poor winter conditions. The small village of Sint Joost was on the route of the 7th
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line was still in German hands. Here, the front had settled along the "Saefeller Beek", a small creek that also seemed difficult to surpass. These obstacles formed a triangular area, referred to as the
Roermond Triangle, which protruded into the frontline like a bulge. As a result of the German
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1B fighter bomber. 143 Wing lost six aircraft during
Operation Blackcock, two of which crashed in Montfort. When Montfort was finally liberated by the Desert Rats on 24 January, 186 civilians died in the raid.
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The clearing of the Roer
Triangle was planned along three axes. The left axis, formed by the 7th Armoured Division, was aimed at capturing the bridge across the Roer in Sint Odiliënberg (
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or 'West Wall' was formed along the banks of the Rur. Dutch South-Limburg was already liberated in
September by the First United States Army, but the area above the Sittard–
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was formed by Ninth Army's XVI Corps which rushed towards Venlo to meet up with the British in the north. On 1 March
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in Sint Joost. It took four attacks to clear the village, the final assault taking place on Sunday, the 21 January.
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Monument as part of the mass grave of the 186 victims of the bombing raids at the cemetery of Montfort
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Soldier firing on German positions during 12th Corp's offensive north of Sittard, 16 January 1945
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was stable along several natural barriers. The most difficult barrier to cross was the
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on 18 January. Fusilier Donnini is buried at the Sittard War Cemetery (Netherlands).
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launched a first attack on the (assumed) two German companies of the 2nd Battalion
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was awarded twice, both posthumously, for actions during Operation Blackcock.
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and move the frontline further into Germany. The operation was carried out by
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Once Operation Blackcock was completed, the plans for the capture of the
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The British XII Corps was facing the German XII SS Corps, commanded by
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running along the Dutch–Belgian border. The next barrier was the
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between 13 and 26 January 1945. The objective was to drive the
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Land battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
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British Report about Operation Blackcock (PDF, 74 pages)
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British Report about Operation Blackcock (PDF, 74 pages)
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154:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1619:On 20 January, infantry and cavalry units of the
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1730:was captured by the reconnaissance troop of the
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1443:). The operation, named after the Scottish male
367:Dispositions in the Roer Triangle, January 1945.
1648:and 1st Rifle Brigade suffered heavy losses in
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258:introducing citations to additional sources
55:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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214:Learn how and when to remove this message
112:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1612:Armoured Division's drive north towards
248:Relevant discussion may be found on the
75:This article includes a list of general
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1590:(RAMC), a medical orderly attached to
1455:By the end of 1944, the frontline in
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1607:The Battle for the Dutch village of
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1123:Western Allied invasion of Germany
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1451:Dispositions along the Roer Front
36:This article has multiple issues.
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139:needs additional citations for
44:or discuss these issues on the
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1:
1794:January 1945 events in Europe
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1644:were taken prisoner. The 9th
1603:HĂĽbner's defeat at Sint Joost
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914:Liberation of the Netherlands
870:End of World War II in Europe
621:183rd Volksgrenadier-Division
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1080:Chronology of the liberation
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1598:War Cemetery (Netherlands).
1381:during the fighting on the
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758:Siegfried Line campaign
616:176th Infantry Division
96:more precise citations.
16:WWII military operation
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595:52nd Infantry Division
590:43rd Infantry Division
459:Commanders and leaders
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1441:Edmund Hakewill-Smith
1418:7th Armoured Division
1072:Manna & Chowhound
662:Casualties and losses
655:2 paratroop regiments
580:7th Armoured Division
389:Limburg (Netherlands)
269:"Operation Blackcock"
163:"Operation Blackcock"
1719:William Hood Simpson
673:4 aircraft destroyed
671:23 tanks broken down
653:2 infantry divisions
648:2 infantry divisions
585:8th Armoured Brigade
254:improve this article
148:improve this article
1705:First Canadian Army
1701:Operation Veritable
1536:51.148861; 6.003500
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1493:GĂĽnther Blumentritt
1482:American First Army
1478:Battle of the Bulge
1391:British Second Army
1347:Operation Blackcock
865:Invasion of Germany
646:1 armoured division
520:GĂĽnther Blumentritt
393:Heinsberg (Germany)
344:Operation Blackcock
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1407:Lieutenant-General
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650:1 commando brigade
379:13–27 January 1945
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1654:The Rifle Brigade
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349:Part of the
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1621:Desert Rats
1592:45 Commando
1571:of the 4/5
1534: /
1518:51°8′55.9″N
1433:Ivor Thomas
1371:Netherlands
1163:Blockbuster
1020:Broekhuizen
984:Hoogerheide
719:(1944–1945)
532:C.J. Landau
496:Ivor Thomas
94:introducing
1778:Categories
1738:References
1650:Sint Joost
1609:Sint Joost
1596:Nederweert
1555:VC Actions
1540: (
1521:6°0′12.6″E
1465:River Roer
1461:River Maas
1435:) and the
1425:Lewis Lyne
1301:DĂĽsseldorf
1286:Friesoythe
1200:Lumberjack
1177:Flashpoint
1056:2nd Arnhem
946:1st Arnhem
854:Reichswald
485:Lewis Lyne
280:newspapers
174:newspapers
77:references
41:improve it
1703:, by the
1697:Rhineland
1679:Aftermath
1567:Fusilier
1506:Blackcock
1414:XII Corps
1375:Heinsberg
1357:from the
1353:to clear
1351:operation
1322:Logistics
1306:Stuttgart
1291:Nuremberg
1269:Heilbronn
1254:Paderborn
1244:Frankfurt
1226:Undertone
1149:Veritable
1143:Rhineland
1137:Blackcock
1061:Groningen
1026:Blackcock
995:Infatuate
989:Walcheren
842:Blackcock
574:XII Corps
250:talk page
47:talk page
1728:Roermond
1614:Montfort
1577:Selfkant
1363:Roermond
1328:American
1281:Dortmund
1259:WĂĽrzburg
1066:Otterloo
1050:Keystone
1014:Pheasant
1003:Overloon
979:Breskens
941:Nijmegen
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783:Boulogne
773:Le Havre
740:Chastity
733:Overlord
641:Strength
384:Location
1714:Grenade
1586:of the
1427:), the
1385:in the
1379:Germany
1369:in the
1367:Sittard
1349:was an
1333:British
1311:Hamburg
1296:Lippach
1238:TF Baum
1211:Cologne
1206:Remagen
1191:Archway
1184:Varsity
1170:Plunder
1156:Grenade
1043:Amherst
973:Scheldt
959:Pegasus
817:Scheldt
778:Dunkirk
747:Dragoon
452:Germany
353:of the
294:scholar
188:scholar
90:improve
1275:Howard
1264:Kassel
1219:Gisela
1008:Putten
952:Berlin
807:Aachen
788:Calais
768:Dieppe
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1037:Texel
829:Bulge
823:Queen
753:Paris
301:JSTOR
287:books
195:JSTOR
181:books
1559:The
1403:Wurm
1401:and
1399:Roer
1373:and
1365:and
1249:Ruhr
860:Alps
391:and
376:Date
273:news
167:news
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