Operation Perch - Knowledge

1249:), to strike into the flank of the 50th Division north of Bayeux. While advancing to the attack, a battalion was ordered towards Omaha beach, weakening the counter-attack which was a costly failure. On 7 June, the bulk of the 7th Armoured Division landed on schedule and XXX Corps secured its remaining D-Day objectives, including Bayeux and Port-en-Bessin-Huppain. The German LXXXIV Corps sent its last reserve unit, Mobile Brigade 30, towards Gold Beach to repeat the counter-attack, which also failed and the brigade was destroyed north of Bayeux. The survivors of the two counter-attacks were driven into a pocket north of the city by the Anglo-American advance, although the Americans did not discover that this had happened. From Sword Beach, the 3rd Infantry Division of I Corps had advanced towards Caen but diverted units to capture German positions along the 9.3 mi (15.0 km) route, which reduced the strength of the infantry attack and the accompanying 1704: 1655: 1828: 254: 2006:

and reported the loss of 51 tanks and assault guns, 82 half tracks and 294 other vehicles. By 16 June, the 12th SS-Panzer Division had reported 1,417 casualties and by 26 June the division had lost 41 tanks. By 16 June, the 21st Panzer Division had suffered 1,864 casualties; before the invasion, the division had 112 tanks and by 16 June the division reported 85 tanks operational. By the end of June, the 7th Armoured Division had suffered 1,149 casualties and lost at least 38 tanks during Operation Perch. By the end of the month, the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division had suffered 4,476 casualties.

216: 205: 151: 1173: 1574: 8222: 1795:(DLI), with much artillery support, that captured the German positions. Two companies advanced to Verrières, which was found to be unoccupied but further advances were checked by German infantry and tanks. The 9th DLI was also held up by German machine-gun fire and needed their reserve companies, to break through the German positions. At about 13:30, the battalion captured Lingèvres and moved anti-tank guns into the village, although most of these were put out of action by the first German counter-attack. 193: 182: 171: 1271: 138: 1691:. A Tiger under the command of Michael Wittmann, entered Villers-Bocage and destroyed several tanks of the 4th County of London Yeomanry regimental headquarters and reconnaissance troop, then attacked British tanks entering the town from the west, before attempting to withdraw. The Tiger was immobilised by British return fire and was abandoned by the crew who fled towards Château Orbois to report to the Panzer-Lehr Division. In fewer than 15 minutes, 1474: 1103: 1589:(2.6 km) east of the town. It was believed that the appearance of British tanks behind the Panzer-Lehr Division on high ground astride German supply-lines would compel the Panzer-Lehr Division to withdraw or be trapped. To support the flanking move of the 7th Armoured Division, the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division was to continue its attack against the Panzer-Lehr Division around Tilly-sur-Seulles. The 1957:

at fault for failing to concentrate his forces. D'Este concurred but Bucknall defended his decision claiming the "49 ... no recent battle experience and it was important to launch them nicely into their first fighting in a properly coordinated battle, and not bundle them helter-skelter into hot armoured scrapping like that around V-B and Amaye". Buckley wrote that the operation was a failure of command.

1465:

in the British perimeter, the decision was made to secure Bréville and the 12th Battalion the Parachute Regiment captured the village by midnight but had 141 casualties among 160 men in the attack. The 51st Highland Division was opposed by the 21st Panzer Division in its efforts to push south to Saint Honorine and with the Highlanders contained, the offensive east of Caen was called off on 13 June.

261: 1870:. The 2nd Panzer Division reconnaissance battalion and other small infantry units also faced the brigade box but the tanks of the 2nd Panzer Division were en route. The British 131st Infantry Brigade (one infantry battalion and an armoured regiment) had moved up to Livry. During the morning, the 131st Infantry Brigade kept the road from the brigade box to the Livry–Briquessard area open and 1986: 1972:

offensive task". Stephen Badsey wrote that Montgomery's message to Bradley, "Caen is the key to Cherbourg" was true. The risk of a break-out past Caen immobilised the German armoured divisions at the east end of front, unable mount a counter-offensive against the First US Army. Hitler's interference saved Rommel's military reputation because the unsuitability of the

2047:

opposition; it had changed hands 23 times. The British attacked towards Hottot-les-Bagues against the Panzer-Lehr Division and gained a foothold in the village, until forced out by German counter-attacks by tanks and infantry. The British retook the village and then withdrew during the night. The 7th Armoured Division was withdrawn to be reinforced by the

1212:. XXX Corps landed on Gold Beach at 07:30 on 6 June, cleared seven exits off the beach and advanced 5 mi (8.0 km) inland. German resistance at Le Hamel delayed the division and prevented the achievement of all of the D-Day objectives before dark. Patrols had reached Bayeux and made contact with the 1436:

Division in the Orne bridgehead, which forestalled the British attack. The Germans were repulsed with the help of naval gunfire and then counter-attacked; a captured German officer remarked that his "battalion had been virtually wiped out" during twelve hours of fighting. In the evening, a German attack on

1956:

The allocation of insufficient infantry to the attack has been criticised, because there were two infantry battalions and most of the 1st Battalion the Rifle Brigade available to the 7th Armoured Division on 13 June and three fresh infantry brigades in the bridgehead. Reynolds wrote that Bucknall was

1908:

including several Tigers; British casualties were light and only three tanks were lost. Reynolds called the German casualty figures "exaggerated" and in his report, Hinde wrote "It is questionable whether the expenditure of artillery and small arms ammunition was justified by the scale of the enemy's

1802:

were spotted approaching Lingèvres by Sergeant Wilfred Harris, commander of a Sherman Firefly, who engaged at 400 yd (370 m), destroying the first and disabling the second. While Harris moved, an infantry tank-hunting party, led by Major John Mogg (acting battalion commander of the 9th DLI)

1578:

During the night of 9/10 June, the German 352nd Infantry Division retired towards Saint-Lô creating a wide gap in the German lines covered only by light forces. On 12 June, the British 7th Armoured Division passed through the gap, heading for Villers-Bocage and the ridge beyond, while the 1st and 2nd

1952:

wrote that Operation Perch failed because the 50th Northumbrian Division and its armoured brigade could not overcome the Panzer-Lehr-Division, the 51st (Highland) Infantry Division attack in the east end of the bridgehead failed and because of the rapid counter-attack by advanced elements of the 2nd

1976:

for armoured operations, the difficulties involved in movement and supply in the area and the strength of the Anglo-Canadian force, would have led to a more rapid and complete defeat of the German army in Normandy. By his order of 12 June, Hitler made the rest of the campaign a battle of attrition.

1922:

The failure of the operation led Dempsey to write that there was "no chance now of a snap operation with airborne troops either to seize Caen or to deepen the bridgehead on XXX Corps front. It is clear now that Caen can be taken only by set-piece assault and we do not have the men or ammunition for

1877:

German infantry spotted advancing towards the brigade box were bombarded by heavy artillery and repulsed. Around 09:00, more infantry attacked the box and came too close for artillery fire. Hand-to-hand fighting began and a British platoon was overrun; a British counter-attack by infantry and tanks

1726:

and British infantry. The disabled tanks were later set on fire and British and German infantry fought throughout the afternoon. The British positions were bombarded by heavy artillery and several German attacks were repulsed by British field artillery firing over open sights. A British company was

1464:

of the 50th Northumbrian Division but the attack was another costly failure. On 12 June, German attacks were launched from the Bréville area against the Orne bridgehead. Fighting lasted all day and casualties were severe on both sides but during the evening the Germans pulled back. To close the gap

2005:

suffered 27 casualties, had nine tanks destroyed and a further 21 damaged; leaving the battalion with only 15 operational tanks by 16 June. For most of the formations involved in the fighting, casualty data are unavailable. By the end of June, the Panzer-Lehr Division had suffered 2,972 casualties

1753:

On the morning of 14 June, Montgomery abandoned the pincer attack on Caen, because he lacked "sufficient strength to act offensively on both flanks". XXX Corps was ordered to continue in a "concentrated single blow" while in the I Corps area, the attack by the 51st (Highland) Infantry Division was

2078:

wrote that "The objectives given to Crocker's seaborne divisions were decidedly ambitious, since his troops were to land last, on the most exposed beaches, with the farthest to go, against what was potentially the greatest opposition.". Dempsey always considered the possibility that the immediate

1971:

called Operation Perch a strategic success, "By the premature commitment of his armour, Rommel had delayed the British advance, but in the process he had played into Montgomery's hands for, once the panzer divisions were locked into battle with Second Army, they could not be used for their proper

1812:

reached its objectives by nightfall and linked with the 151st Infantry Brigade. A 6th DLI officer said that the attack was the best one launched by the battalion during the campaign. Nine German tanks were knocked out during the day but the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division had been unable to

1074:

The battle is controversial because many historians and writers have concluded that it was failures by British divisional and corps commanders that squandered an opportunity to capture Caen, rather than the Germans achieving a defensive success. To resist the offensive, the Germans had committed

1699:

vehicles had been destroyed, many by Wittmann. During the rest of the morning, an infantry battalion from the 22nd Armoured Brigade group took up defensive positions in the town; the troops at Point 213 had been cut off and a force was assembled to extricate them. The relief force was unable to

1435:

While XXX Corps attacked Tilly-sur-Seulles, an attack by I Corps was postponed until 12 June, because of weather delays, which slowed the landing of the 51st (Highland) Infantry Division and the 4th Armoured Brigade. On 10 June, German tanks and infantry made several attacks on the 6th Airborne

1588:

George Erskine (7th Armoured Division) and ordered Erskine to disengage the division from the fighting around Tilly-sur-Seulles. The 7th Armoured Division was to exploit the gap to seize Villers-Bocage and advance behind the left flank of the Panzer-Lehr Division, to a ridge about 1.6 mi

1394:

and Mobile Brigade 30 broke out of the pocket north of Bayeux. Later in the day, XXX Corps linked with the Americans while the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division reached the north-east outskirts of Tilly-sur-Seulles and encountered the tanks of the Panzer-Lehr Division. During the evening,

1890:

The 7th Armoured Division commander was confident that the box was secure but the failure of the 50th Northumbrian Infantry Division to break through the Panzer-Lehr Division and reach the 7th Armoured Division, led to orders for the brigade group to retire to straighten the front line. The

1412:

under command. By nightfall, the 7th Armoured Division had reached the north-western fringe of Tilly-sur-Seulles and next day penetrated the village, capturing the central crossroads. The Panzer-Lehr Division made several counter-attacks, which forced the British out and attacks by the 50th

2046:

The battle between the 50th (Northumbrian) Division and the Panzer-Lehr Division continued for several days and by 15 June, XXX Corps claimed to have destroyed at least 70 German tanks. On 18 June, the British re-entered Tilly-sur-Seulles and consolidated the village next day against light

1745: 41: 1882:, sniping, mortar bombardments and heavy artillery fire. After a long artillery bombardment, simultaneous attacks from the north and south by tanks and infantry were made at 19:00, which broke into the box and closed on the brigade headquarters, before being driven back around 22:30. 1506:

had forced the collapse of the left flank of the 352nd Division. On the night of 9/10 June, the 352nd Division received permission to retire to Saint-Lô, which created a 7.5 mi (12.1 km) gap in the German lines near Caumont-l'Éventé. Only the reconnaissance battalion of the

1481:

Although the attempt to envelop Caen had been repulsed, on the right flank of XXX Corps (the junction of the British Second and First US armies) the possibility for a flanking manoeuvre had developed. Since D-Day, the British and Americans had destroyed five German

2104:, the Panzer-Lehr-Division commander, gives losses of 130 trucks, five tanks and 84 self-propelled guns and other vehicles from an establishment of over 3,000 vehicles. Niklas Zetterling called these losses an exaggeration, Panzer-Lehr records show the loss of 23 1639:

regiment) reconnoitred the flanks. The 11th Hussars found no resistance on the right, linking with the 1st US Infantry Division near Caumont; on the left flank, the 8th Hussars located elements of the Panzer-Lehr Division just under 2 mi (3.2 km) away.

2051:, which was landing in the beachhead. The reinforced division was intended to attack again but on 19 June a storm began in the English Channel, which delayed the landing of supplies and British attacks were postponed. Caen north of the Orne was captured during 1807:

was destroyed and a third Panther was knocked out by a Sherman. Three more Panthers moved towards the village and Harris destroyed the lead vehicle outside the village and the other two inside, including one in the centre of Lingèvres. The

1379:

and the 21st Panzer Division. The leading elements of the Panzer-Lehr Division arrived during the night of 9 June at Tilly-sur-Seulles, having lost up to 200 vehicles to aerial attacks during its 90 mi (140 km) drive from

1899:

and Evrecy, caused 29 casualties, destroyed a Tiger tank and damaged three more. Artillery harassing fire was maintained north and south of the withdrawal route but the Germans did little to intervene. Germans losses included

1700:

advance on the ridge and when more German forces arrived between 11:00 and 13:00, the trapped squadron surrendered. More German troops had arrived, and engaged the 22nd Armoured Brigade group along the road back to Livry.

1748:

Two of the five Panther tanks knocked out by Sergeant Wilfred "Spit" Harris (commanding a Sherman Firefly) and Trooper Ian Mackillop (the tank gunner) are visible at the west end of Lingèvres, where the second attack was

1727:

overrun, a platoon taken prisoner and the battalion headquarters came under fire. Hinde decided that the brigade group should withdraw until morning to Point 174, an area of high ground to the west of Villers-Bocage near

1417:. Army Group B planned to relieve the armoured divisions facing the Second Army from 11 June and replace them with infantry divisions, to concentrate the tanks in the Carentan area and avert the danger to Cherbourg. 1711:

Tanks of the Panzer-Lehr Division arrived to seal off the north and west exits from Villers-Bocage but were ambushed by British anti-tank guns and several were disabled before the British position was silenced. The

1678:, moved through the town and occupied Point 213, an area of high ground to the east on the Caen road. The regimental headquarters and a company of infantry occupied the eastern end of the town along the main road. 1791:, advanced towards Lingèvres and Verrières. The German defenders held their fire until the British were less than 150 yd (140 m) from their position. The fighting culminated with an assault by the 6th 1157:

was especially promising, being open, dry and conducive to swift offensive operations. The Allies greatly outnumbered the Germans in tanks and mobile units and a battle of manoeuvre would be to their advantage.

1067:, the 7th Armoured Division was ordered to withdraw towards Caumont. Plans were made to resume the offensive once the 7th Armoured Division had been reinforced but the plans came to nothing when a storm in the 1384:, having been diverted from facing the British I Corps north of Caen due to the success of the 50th Northumbrian Division. Parts of the 12th SS-Panzer Division, the 21st Panzer Division and the remains of the 1947:

arrival of the 2nd Panzer Division, the 7th Armoured Division "could hardly have achieved full success". In 2001, Michael Reynolds wrote that the 2nd Panzer Division tanks were nowhere near Villers-Bocage.

2217:

put the box north of Tracy-Bocage, near St-Germain, based on a report by the 22nd Armoured Brigade group commanding officer, that put the position east of Amayé-sur-Seulles and including St-Germain.

1965:

wrote that Dempsey and the Second Army handled subordinate formations poorly, by not giving subordinates definite tasks, clear intentions and allowing discretion in the implementation of orders.

1596:

The 7th Armoured Division was slow to redeploy and spent the morning of 12 June continuing the attack on Tilly-sur-Seulles, according to its original orders. At 12:00, Erskine ordered Brigadier

1864:

The Panzer-Lehr Division had defended against the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division attack and to counter-attack the 7th Armoured Division penetration, with the support of the 1st Company

1627:

were knocked out by an anti-tank gun of the Panzer-Lehr Division Escort Company; infantry and tanks were brought forward and cleared the position after two hours. On reaching the vicinity of

2151:

Caumont was occupied by two companies of the 2nd Panzer Division reconnaissance battalion. The 1st US Infantry Division took part of the town on 12 June and the remainder the following day.

8810: 1939:

wrote in 2006 that Bucknall was not ready to support the attack once problems developed and that Erskine was not capable of mastering the situation. The British official historian,

1994:

blown up by a mine in Tilly-sur-Seulles, 19 June 1944. The town "was one of the first of the many towns and villages which were well-nigh obliterated in the process of liberation".

1935:

called Dempsey's comments "excessively harsh" but historians generally support them, suggesting that a great opportunity swiftly to capture Caen had been squandered by Bucknall.

1931:

increased. Dempsey called the handling of the battle a disgrace and said that the decision to withdraw from Villers-Bocage was made by the corps commander and Erskine. In 2004,

2213:, around Hill 174. Taylor put the brigade tactical headquarters on Hill 174 and included a map showing the brigade mostly to the south of Amayé-sur-Seulles as did Henri Marie. 1754:"piped down". The 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division continued the attack southwards, to pin down German forces. On 14 June, supported by the divisional artillery and the 1593:

would push forward at the same time, the 1st US Infantry Division to capture Caumont and the high ground nearby and the 2nd US Infantry Division to advance towards Saint-Lô.

1608:

ready for action, the 56th Infantry Brigade was returned to the control of the 50th Northumbrian Division. The 7th Armoured Division armoured reconnaissance regiment, the

1849:

The 22nd Armoured Brigade group had completed their withdrawal by 14 June and formed a brigade box for all-round defence near Hill 174. The fighting became known as the

6786: 6531: 6132: 276: 2074:"The quick capture of that key city and the neighbourhood of Carpiquet was the most ambitious, the most difficult and the most important task of Crocker's I Corps". 8144: 6148: 1388:

were moved to Caen, facing I Corps. Several attacks were launched against the Anglo-Canadian beachhead north of Caen. In the early hours of 9 June, the survivors of

1508: 6475: 1005:

in the early phases of Operation Overlord. Operation Perch was to begin immediately after the British beach landings with an advance to the south-east of Caen by

6071: 6043: 5187: 1421:

over-ruled Rommel and the next day ordered him not to retreat and instead to roll up the Allied beachhead from east to west, starting with the Orne bridgehead.

8123: 6795: 6482: 5609: 7098: 6461: 5763: 5388: 4604:. Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War. Vol. III (online ed.). Ottawa: The Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery. 2226:

Panzer-Lehr casualties comprised 490 killed in action, 1,809 wounded and 673 missing. Tank losses included 19 Panzer IV, 23 Panthers and 2 StuG knocked out.

2018:

recognised participation in the expansion of the bridgehead during the period of Operation Perch in 1956, 1957 and in 1958. One unit was awarded the honour

6104: 6050: 5236: 4433:. United States Army in World War II: The European Theater of Operations. Washington, DC: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. 1923:

that at this time". After the war he wrote that the attack by the 7th Armoured Division should have succeeded and that his doubts about the suitability of

6568: 6057: 5673: 8815: 5083: 2235:

12th SS-Panzer Division casualties comprised 405 killed in action, 847 wounded and 165 missing. Tank losses consisted of 26 Panzer IV and 15 Panthers.

6454: 5894: 5770: 8344: 5747: 5127: 1293: 437: 6184: 5496: 4856: 4878: 1395:

Panzer-Lehr and the 12th SS-Panzer Division counter-attacked and overran a British infantry company, before being forced back the next morning.

253: 8729: 6003: 5305: 4596: 313: 8016: 6802: 6765: 6742: 6256: 5178: 5148: 2173: 1780:

of the Panzer-Lehr Division inflicted many casualties on the British troops; German casualties are unknown, although one tank was destroyed.

1675: 1075:

their most powerful armoured reserves, which deprived them of the fighting power for a counter-offensive and forfeited the initiative to the

6517: 1654: 8275: 6895: 6751: 6735: 6707: 5948: 5155: 1703: 8575: 7659: 6719: 6631: 6575: 6538: 5813: 555: 1009:. Three days after the invasion the city was still in German hands and the operation was amended. The operation was expanded to include 8772: 8580: 6624: 5349: 1385: 567: 2088:

The Panzer-Lehr-Division contained 237 tanks and assault guns as well as 658 half-tracks, double the number of other panzer divisions.

8137: 6758: 5141: 5099: 1620:

after an unopposed advance of 12 mi (19 km), the last 6 mi (9.7 km) of which were through German-held territory.

828: 7986: 5791: 5565: 5328: 5194: 5005: 1288:(US First Army commander) and it was decided that Caen would be taken by a pincer movement, Operation Wild Oats. From the east the 2197:

Daniel Taylor wrote that four Tigers engaged the British in the ambush, three tanks to the south of the road and one to the north.

8683: 6874: 6671: 6323: 5701: 5201: 5113: 5049: 2169: 2165: 1784: 1605: 1538:

rushed the divisional reconnaissance battalion to Caumont, with orders to hold the high ground. The I SS-Panzer Corps commander,

964: 8315: 7077: 6589: 5432: 4970: 2048: 2034:. Additionally, for participating in the expansion of the bridgehead between 14 and 19 June, ten units were awarded the honour 1461: 1313: 1297: 1181: 1052: 458: 1371:, due to lack of troops. German units were rushed to Normandy to contain the invasion. The I SS-Panzer Corps consisted of the 7680: 7585: 7105: 6851: 6726: 5805: 5779: 5636: 5342: 5259: 4836: 4809: 4787: 4760: 4725: 4695: 4668: 4641: 4582: 4563: 4544: 4525: 4503: 4484: 4465: 4406: 4387: 4368: 4349: 4322: 4284: 4262: 4235: 4192: 4170: 4143: 1440:

was repulsed with many German casualties. The vanguard of the 51st Highland Division arrived during the evening and attacked

1205: 1193: 1107: 1853:

or Island Position as named in the 22nd Armoured Brigade group after action report. Other names given to the action are the

1498:

sector. The 352nd Division had been in action since its defence of Omaha, on 6 June, and had received few replacements. The

7913: 7313: 7199: 6364: 5824: 5820: 5798: 5402: 1827: 1304:, 6 mi (9.7 km) to the south-east of Caen. XXX Corps to the west would send the 7th Armoured Division across the 1240: 49: 8253: 7828: 7285: 6617: 6603: 5809: 1597: 1487: 1449: 1141:. Possession of Caen and its surroundings would give the Second Army a suitable staging area for a push south to capture 1119: 361: 8037: 7906: 7784: 7355: 7070: 7021: 6779: 6334: 5579: 5418: 5266: 5120: 306: 8153: 7028: 7000: 6817: 6399: 6111: 6078: 4919: 2181: 1609: 1192:

Operation Perch was intended to create the threat of a British break-out to the south-east of Caen by XXX Corps. The

5294: 1961:

wrote that Dempsey continued to underestimate the German strength and commitment to defending the ground they held.

1137:

to the south-east of Caen, acquiring airfields and protecting the left flank of the US First Army while it moved on

8268: 8190: 7341: 7278: 6413: 6242: 5365: 2126: 1254: 1041: 1032:; the village was captured and re-captured several times. I Corps began the eastern thrust two days later from the 5919: 1731:. At 20:00, the withdrawal began under cover of an artillery bombardment and was accomplished largely unmolested. 1044:. With mounting casualties and no sign of a German collapse, the offensive east of Caen was suspended on 13 June. 8762: 7714: 7555: 7544: 7373: 7132: 7091: 6984: 6922: 6302: 5572: 5441: 5409: 4314: 1943:, wrote that the result was "disappointing" but that the fighting power of the Panzer-Lehr Division and with the 1519: 1167: 683: 86: 6089: 5657: 1631:, Hinde halted for the night, to disguise the objective of the advance. The Cromwells of the 8th Hussar and the 8757: 8489: 8100: 8072: 7950: 7743: 6973: 6424: 6350: 6139: 5510: 5229: 5134: 5019: 4305:; Allen, Captain G. R. G.; Warhurst, Lieutenant-Colonel A. E. & Robb, Air Chief-Marshal Sir James (2004) . 1544: 1221: 442: 8160: 8093: 8044: 7975: 7800: 7299: 7250: 7014: 7007: 6610: 6371: 6155: 5208: 2130: 1548:, to move behind the Panzer-Lehr and 12th SS-Panzer divisions to cover the open left flank. The 2nd Company, 1236: 1177: 1002: 299: 4943: 4907: 8285: 8234: 8130: 7505: 7459: 6378: 6206: 6191: 6118: 6097: 5915: 5593: 5379: 5372: 5356: 5067: 5026: 4998: 1833: 1788: 1535: 1126: 945: 8495: 1323:, the Allied air commander exercised a veto of the airborne plan as too risky for the transport aircraft. 742: 8261: 8197: 7521: 7466: 7084: 7056: 6909: 6524: 6503: 6017: 5680: 5586: 5076: 4306: 838: 8795: 7995: 7484: 7403: 7348: 7236: 7192: 6842: 6468: 6392: 6287: 6164: 6036: 6029: 5989: 5962: 5694: 5627: 5222: 5033: 4963: 1771: 1503: 1499: 1408:

On 10 June, the 7th Armoured Division took over parts of the 50th Northumbrian Division front with the

1006: 603: 209: 4860: 8820: 8368: 7897: 7814: 7599: 7452: 7424: 7257: 7162: 6952: 6385: 5452: 5106: 4882: 4425: 2116:

to 26 June. Frederick Steinhardt wrote that Bayerlein's numbers were "probably in excess of reality".

1430: 723: 664: 382: 5650: 4613: 593: 8805: 8501: 8374: 7636: 7613: 6858: 6659: 6652: 6309: 5969: 5941: 5934: 5321: 4180: 4131: 1936: 1649: 1563: 1289: 1134: 1064: 1048: 1010: 865: 860: 716: 659: 630: 543: 267: 5666: 5643: 1803:

finished off the damaged Panther. Other tank-hunting parties drove off another Panther, a British

8800: 8632: 8058: 8002: 7872: 7732: 7410: 7063: 6959: 6865: 6433: 6294: 6264: 6228: 6213: 6085: 5977: 5955: 5901: 5887: 5869: 5533: 5314: 5042: 4991: 4914:(97). Maxwell AFB, Alabama: USAF Historical Division, Research Studies Institute Air University. 2177: 1841: 1628: 1590: 1531: 855: 850: 4317:

United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. I. Uckfield, East Sussex: Naval & Military Press.

8709: 7750: 7643: 7438: 7389: 7292: 7185: 7155: 6938: 6826: 6552: 6343: 5927: 5908: 5878: 5425: 5395: 1809: 1636: 1346: 1320: 1229: 1208:

would then take over from the 50th Northumbrian Division and advance from Tilly-sur-Seulles to

1076: 870: 676: 618: 397: 375: 281:

Villers-Bocage, a commune in the Calvados department of the Normandy region of Northern France.

8767: 8241: 7964: 7807: 7703: 7673: 7629: 7498: 7362: 7327: 7320: 7243: 7141: 6582: 6559: 6406: 6010: 5547: 5287: 5273: 4956: 4752: 1792: 1659: 1601: 1409: 1250: 1213: 1114:

The Norman town of Caen was a D-Day objective for the 3rd Infantry Division, which landed on

917: 8459: 5845: 4891: 1511:, which had been detached when the division was moved west ready for a counter-offensive at 647: 608: 8642: 8283: 8065: 7920: 7571: 7528: 7491: 7417: 7227: 7206: 6125: 5602: 5280: 4592: 4204:

The path of the 50th: The story of the 50th (Northumbrian) Division in the Second World War

3989: 1837: 1670:

The British advance resumed at 05:30, and at about 08:30 the vanguard of the 22nd Armoured

1522:

to plug the gap but on 10 June, the bulk of the 2nd Panzer Division was strung out between

1372: 1336: 1224:

advanced westwards along the coast, to link up with the American forces moving inland from

1093: 1027: 818: 387: 8380: 4829:

Normandy 1944, German Military Organization, Combat Power and Organizational Effectiveness

1728: 1253:

was delayed by congestion in the beachhead. The division was stopped short of Caen by the

789: 8: 8740: 8734: 8719: 8647: 8483: 8430: 8356: 8332: 8183: 7957: 7835: 7791: 7306: 6440: 6199: 5726: 5556: 5540: 5489: 2052: 1444:

at dawn, which was also a costly failure; other elements of the division quickly secured

910: 833: 796: 782: 709: 625: 354: 347: 291: 1172: 1063:

to fall back, to avoid encirclement. On 14 June, after two days of battle including the

8751: 8612: 8596: 8477: 8471: 8424: 8362: 8326: 8320: 8303: 8176: 8009: 7934: 7888: 7858: 7766: 7606: 7264: 7148: 7042: 6993: 6931: 6687: 6638: 6447: 6064: 5719: 5517: 2142:

Taylor wrote that the lead tank was destroyed and Forty wrote that two tanks were lost.

2056: 1441: 1350: 1281: 1097: 1056: 986: 931: 808: 775: 768: 735: 728: 671: 613: 598: 560: 404: 323: 175: 1763: 1145:, which could be used as the pivot for a swing left of the Allied front to advance on 45: 8745: 8704: 8436: 8412: 8394: 8388: 8309: 8167: 8051: 7941: 7881: 7842: 7775: 7757: 7723: 7666: 7620: 7564: 7382: 7120: 7112: 7049: 6902: 6496: 6021: 5482: 5461: 5171: 4915: 4832: 4815: 4805: 4783: 4766: 4756: 4731: 4721: 4701: 4691: 4674: 4664: 4647: 4637: 4636:. Helion WWII German Military Studies. Vol. I. Solihull, West Midlands: Helion. 4605: 4578: 4559: 4540: 4521: 4499: 4480: 4461: 4434: 4412: 4402: 4383: 4364: 4345: 4328: 4318: 4290: 4280: 4258: 4241: 4231: 4211: 4188: 4166: 4149: 4139: 2161: 1991: 1767: 1332: 1317: 1245: 1142: 1021: 998: 938: 896: 889: 882: 702: 688: 492: 449: 368: 53: 8673: 8627: 8622: 8617: 8585: 8453: 8406: 8086: 8079: 8023: 7687: 7445: 7431: 7334: 7271: 7222: 7035: 6888: 6835: 6645: 6596: 6510: 5733: 5710: 5243: 4745: 1891:

retirement, codenamed Operation Aniseed, began just after midnight. Decoy raids by

1555: 1486:

in this area, including the reserves of LXXXIV Corps, leaving only remnants of the

1154: 982: 924: 903: 823: 761: 572: 521: 5252: 2113: 8590: 8465: 8418: 8350: 8338: 8109: 7821: 7736: 7694: 7592: 7535: 7396: 7178: 7169: 6698: 6273: 6249: 5503: 4713: 4272: 4207: 2206: 2101: 1932: 1924: 1776: 1758:, the division attacked with two brigades towards la Senaudière, la Belle Epine, 1755: 1723: 1617: 1457: 1375:, one of the strongest divisions in the German army, the 12th SS-Panzer Division 1363:

to plan a counter-attack for 10 June. This attack was cancelled by Field Marshal

1340: 1301: 1118:

on 6 June 1944. The capture of Caen was the most ambitious objective of I Corps (

1068: 1037: 1014: 754: 695: 642: 577: 480: 475: 430: 416: 197: 32: 8221: 1878:

repulsed the German infantry and restored the position. The Germans resorted to

1584:

On 12 June, Dempsey met with Lieutenant-General Gerard Bucknall (XXX Corps) and

1445: 8678: 8663: 8116: 7652: 7578: 5616: 5475: 4797: 4255:

Churchill's Desert Rats: From Normandy to Berlin with the 7th Armoured Division

2075: 2015: 1968: 1928: 1896: 1892: 1879: 1871: 1491: 813: 485: 470: 465: 411: 392: 192: 181: 170: 143: 2557: 1209: 8789: 8699: 8637: 8538: 7927: 5838: 5687: 5526: 4609: 4438: 4332: 4153: 1671: 1624: 1585: 1539: 1150: 1130: 511: 342: 220: 186: 101: 88: 4819: 4770: 4735: 4705: 4678: 4651: 4416: 4294: 4245: 4215: 1612:, began to reconnoitre the route and the rest of the division departed from 8289: 8226: 8030: 6316: 6221: 5852: 5215: 4979: 4539:. Crawford, W. H. (illustrator); Wilson, Major D. B. (editor). MLRS Books. 4513: 4453: 4302: 3946: 2214: 2210: 2185: 2105: 2097: 1962: 1949: 1940: 1799: 1663: 1632: 1530:

and was not expected to arrive in strength for another three days. General

1418: 1368: 1364: 1285: 1270: 1122: 1033: 990: 156: 4399:

Colossal Cracks: Montgomery's 21st Army Group in Northwest Europe, 1944–45

4277:

Decision in Normandy: The Real Story of Montgomery and the Allied Campaign

2710: 1759: 8714: 8558: 8532: 7865: 7851: 7513: 6175: 5996: 5981: 5335: 1483: 1453: 1225: 1115: 528: 501: 4780:

Eisenhower's Lieutenants: The Campaigns of France and Germany, 1944–1945

3397: 3395: 3393: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2481: 2479: 2477: 1051:

area, American attacks forced a gap in the German defences. Part of the

985:

which took place from 7 to 14 June 1944, during the early stages of the

8724: 8552: 8546: 8526: 7213: 6966: 6945: 5831: 5164: 5092: 4223: 1958: 1804: 1305: 1217: 1197: 1185: 538: 533: 506: 3874: 1527: 1040:

on D-Day. I Corps was also delayed by constant counter-attacks of the

7476: 6881: 6678: 6489: 6280: 6235: 3390: 2935: 2746: 2734: 2698: 2474: 2109: 1719: 1204:

and the road to Tilly-sur-Seulles. The 7th Armoured Division and the

1138: 1055:

was diverted from Tilly-sur-Seulles, to advance through the gap in a

5756: 4892:"A Short History of the 8th Armoured Brigade: D-Day to 'The Island'" 4380:

Club Route in Europe: The History of 30 Corps from D-Day to May 1945

2616: 2259: 1309: 8668: 5740: 5468: 4598:

The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe 1944–1945

2312: 2300: 1973: 1567: 1512: 1437: 1381: 1146: 803: 76: 4831:(2nd rev. Casemate, Oxford ed.). Winnipeg: J. J. Fedorowicz. 3967: 3965: 3847: 1473: 4575:

Battle Honours of the British Empire and Commonwealth Land Forces

3825: 3823: 2450: 1559: 1354: 215: 204: 2901: 2899: 1744: 1102: 40: 6357: 4948: 3962: 1613: 1523: 1414: 1201: 80: 4537:

A short history of 30 Corps in the European Campaign 1944–1945

3977: 3835: 3820: 2860: 1573: 1071:

seriously delayed the landing of supplies and reinforcements.

6545: 3652: 3351: 2896: 2129:

was sent to close the gap but Gordon Harrison wrote that the

1766:. If the attack succeeded, it was to be exploited to capture 4518:

The 12th SS: The History of the Hitler Youth Panzer Division

3769: 2594: 2592: 2271: 1813:

break through the Panzer-Lehr defences and the DLI suffered

1616:

at around 16:00. Four hours later, the main body approached

4038: 4036: 3786: 3784: 3747: 3745: 3720: 3718: 3705: 3703: 2637: 2635: 2373: 2371: 1985: 1681:

At about 09:00, the foremost British tanks were engaged by

994: 4185:

Monty's Men: The British Army and the Liberation of Europe

4021: 3910: 3604: 3486: 3129: 2987: 2985: 2836: 2802: 2800: 2785: 2763: 2761: 2520: 2518: 1783:

The main attack began at 10:15 the next morning, when the

1674:

entered the west end of Villers-Bocage. A squadron of the

1566:

ridge and arrived on 12 June, after a five-day drive from

321: 8811:

Land battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom

4108: 4048: 3886: 3864: 3862: 3522: 3510: 3474: 3363: 2722: 2589: 2462: 2395: 1495: 4096: 4033: 3898: 3808: 3781: 3742: 3715: 3700: 3664: 3616: 3582: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3551: 3549: 3426: 3312: 3300: 3228: 2688: 2686: 2632: 2604: 2491: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2407: 2368: 2055:(8–9 July) and the north bank suburbs were taken during 1874:

fighter bombers attacked German positions near the box.

1739: 4908:"Airborne Operations in World War II, European Theater" 4804:(Wordsworth Editions, Ware ed.). London: Collins. 4477:

History of 7th Armoured Division: June 1943 – July 1945

3796: 3757: 3450: 3252: 3206: 3204: 3165: 3153: 3119: 3117: 3092: 3090: 3077: 3075: 3038: 3036: 3034: 3021: 3019: 2982: 2957: 2955: 2824: 2797: 2773: 2758: 2577: 2515: 2290: 2288: 2286: 1020:

On the next day, XXX Corps in the west pushed south to

989:. The operation was intended to encircle and seize the 5610:

Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany

4301: 3922: 3880: 3859: 3438: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3410: 3401: 3380: 3378: 3329: 3327: 3240: 3177: 3006: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2946: 2812: 2752: 2740: 2716: 2704: 2547: 2545: 2530: 2503: 2485: 2358: 2356: 2318: 2306: 2265: 2188:(Prince Albert's Own) and the 260th Anti-Tank Battery. 1718:

was ambushed in the town centre. Several Tigers and a

1562:, was ordered to a position south of Point 213 on the 1280:

On 9 June the Allied ground forces commander, General

4475:

Lindsay, Captain M.; Johnson, Captain M. E. (2005) .

4084: 4060: 4009: 3688: 3628: 3592: 3573: 3546: 3498: 3141: 2972: 2970: 2884: 2683: 2431: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2247: 2209:

wrote that the box was between Amayé-sur-Seulles and

1707:

One of the Tiger tanks knocked out in Villers-Bocage.

1200:

on 6 June and was to rapidly move inland and capture

1133:) to secure the city and then form a front line from 4072: 3934: 3730: 3676: 3640: 3561: 3534: 3462: 3339: 3288: 3264: 3201: 3114: 3087: 3072: 3060: 3031: 3016: 2952: 2419: 2283: 3407: 3375: 3324: 3276: 3216: 3189: 3102: 3048: 2997: 2923: 2911: 2872: 2848: 2671: 2659: 2647: 2542: 2383: 2353: 4873:Tilly-sur-Seulles, museum and the British cemetery 4744: 2967: 2336: 2160:The Brigade group consisted of the 1st Battalion, 2324: 8787: 4718:D-Day; The Greatest Invasion, A People's History 4458:Overlord: D-Day and the Battle for Normandy 1944 4187:(pbk. ed.). London: Yale University Press. 4663:. Old Harlow: Battle of Britain International. 4520:. Vol. I. Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books. 4498:. Bayeux: Editions Heimdal; Bilingual edition. 1836:of the 64th Medium Regiment, RA, 5th AGRA. The 4879:"History of the British 7th Armoured Division" 4796: 4474: 3995: 3853: 3829: 3658: 2905: 2456: 2277: 8269: 4964: 2174:4th County of London Yeomanry (Sharpshooters) 1676:4th County of London Yeomanry (Sharpshooters) 307: 8284:Primary articles on the Battle of Normandy, 4556:Steel Inferno: I SS Panzer Corps in Normandy 4136:British Armour in the Normandy Campaign 1944 2000: 1865: 1713: 1686: 1604:) to move through the gap at once. With the 1549: 1477:Allied and Axis dispositions on 12 June 1944 1389: 1358: 1300:bridgehead over the Orne and attack towards 1025: 8576:American logistics in the Normandy campaign 4311:Victory in the West: The Battle of Normandy 1643: 1413:(Northumbrian) Division bogged down in the 8773:Weather forecasting for Operation Overlord 8581:British logistics in the Normandy campaign 8276: 8262: 4971: 4957: 4826: 4685: 4631: 4591: 4377: 4271: 4163:The Normandy Campaign 1944: Sixty Years On 4054: 3983: 3971: 3956: 3916: 3841: 3610: 3369: 2728: 2641: 2610: 2598: 2497: 2468: 2401: 2377: 1579:US Infantry Divisions attacked in support. 314: 300: 8816:Battles of World War II involving Germany 4252: 4228:Fields of Fire: The Canadians in Normandy 3670: 1774:was conducted the evening before but the 16:British offensive of the Second World War 4742: 4690:. Battle Zone Normandy. Stroud: Sutton. 4553: 4452: 4423: 4230:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 4102: 3904: 3790: 3724: 3709: 3258: 3159: 2991: 2866: 2842: 2830: 2818: 2806: 2779: 2767: 2626: 2583: 2567: 2524: 2509: 2253: 2041: 1984: 1844:also fired in support during the battle. 1826: 1770:. To prepare the route of the attack, a 1743: 1702: 1653: 1572: 1472: 1335:was transferred from the command of the 1316:would then drop between the pincers but 1269: 1171: 1101: 4777: 4179: 4160: 4130: 4114: 3928: 3868: 3147: 2890: 2791: 2692: 2571: 2444: 2413: 2294: 2014:The British and Commonwealth system of 1822: 1623:North of Livry, the leading 8th Hussar 8788: 8316:American airborne landings in Normandy 6825: 6803:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union 4905: 4658: 4572: 4534: 4339: 4090: 4027: 3751: 3622: 3586: 3555: 3345: 3318: 3306: 3294: 3270: 3234: 3210: 3171: 3123: 3096: 3081: 3042: 3025: 2961: 2425: 2362: 1722:were knocked out by anti-tank guns, a 1326: 1296:of I Corps, would cross east into the 1265: 1036:bridgehead, which had been secured in 260: 8257: 7681:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign 7106:Japanese invasion of French Indochina 6752:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union 6708:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union 5806:Rape during the occupation of Germany 4952: 4857:"Déluge de feu sur Tilly-sur-Seulles" 4512: 4493: 4358: 4066: 4015: 4003: 3999: 3952: 3892: 3814: 3802: 3775: 3763: 3736: 3694: 3682: 3646: 3634: 3598: 3567: 3540: 3528: 3516: 3504: 3492: 3480: 3468: 3444: 3432: 3384: 3357: 3333: 3282: 3246: 3222: 3195: 3183: 3135: 3108: 3066: 3054: 3010: 2917: 2854: 2677: 2622: 2563: 2551: 2536: 2347: 1740:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division 1353:, the supreme commander in the west ( 1194:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division 1110:run ashore near La Riviere on 6 June. 1108:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division 1087: 295: 6796:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union 5821:Rape during the liberation of France 4889: 4876: 4396: 4222: 4201: 4078: 4042: 3940: 3456: 3420: 2976: 2929: 2878: 2665: 2653: 2389: 2170:Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) 2166:Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) 2133:was diverted to the Carentan sector. 1885: 1241:12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend 1125:). The Overlord plan called for the 50:Royal Marines Armoured Support Group 4712: 2330: 1448:. During the afternoon of 11 June, 13: 8369:Greenline, Pomegranate and Express 7022:German invasion of the Netherlands 5295:Weather events during World War II 4847: 4577:. Marlborough: The Crowood Press. 4401:. Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books. 4138:. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis. 2100:, quoting a post-war interview of 1161: 14: 8832: 7660:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan 4937: 4854: 4460:. Pan Grand Strategy. Pan Books. 2009: 1633:11th (Prince Albert's Own) Hussar 1290:51st (Highland) Infantry Division 1235:During the afternoon, the German 438:Caen canal and Orne river bridges 8345:Capture of Caen and Orne bridges 8220: 4978: 4363:. Battle Zone Normandy. Sutton. 2229: 2220: 2200: 2125:Michael Reynolds wrote that the 1509:17th SS-Panzergrenadier Division 1450:The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada 259: 252: 214: 203: 191: 180: 169: 149: 136: 39: 8763:People of Western Europe speech 8684:Military cemeteries in Normandy 4661:Villers-Bocage Through the Lens 4632:Steinhardt, F. P., ed. (2008). 4595:; Bond, Major C. C. J. (1960). 4315:History of the Second World War 2191: 2154: 2145: 2136: 2119: 2091: 2082: 1785:151st (Durham) Infantry Brigade 1666:knocked out by Michael Wittmann 1551:schwere SS-Panzer Battalion 101 1518:The Germans planned to use the 1168:Operation Perch order of battle 1153:. The terrain between Caen and 981:was a British offensive of the 376:Taxable, Glimmer & Big Drum 8758:June 6, 1944, order of the day 7907:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945 5603:Territorial changes of Germany 5511:Indonesian National Revolution 4378:Gill, R.; Groves, J. (2006) . 4344:. Histoire & Collections. 2182:8th King's Royal Irish Hussars 2068: 2030:, and 11 regiments the honour 2002:Schwere SS-Panzerabteilung 101 1867:Schwere SS-Panzerabteilung 101 1715:Schwere SS-Panzerabteilung 101 1688:Schwere SS-Panzerabteilung 101 1610:8th King's Royal Irish Hussars 1545:Schwere SS-Panzerabteilung 101 1468: 1386:716th Static Infantry Division 1345:(Armoured Group West, General 1214:3rd Canadian Infantry Division 1: 7300:Japanese invasion of Thailand 7251:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 7015:German invasion of Luxembourg 5389:Mediterranean and Middle East 4686:Trew, S.; Badsey, S. (2004). 4535:Randel, Major P. B. (2006) . 4496:Villers-Bocage: Normandy 1944 4123: 1980: 1814: 1460:to assist the advance of the 1178:4th County of London Yeomanry 1082: 8517: 8513: 7207:Invasion of the Soviet Union 6896:Occupation of Czechoslovakia 6207:Independent State of Croatia 4634:Panzer Lehr Division 1944–45 4161:Buckley, John, ed. (2007) . 2241: 1912: 1789:4th/7th Royal Dragoon Guards 1403: 1232:by 3 mi (4.8 km). 1024:, which was occupied by the 7: 8593:(Pipe-Line Under The Ocean) 8198:End of World War II in Asia 8038:Western invasion of Germany 7545:Chinese famine of 1942–1943 7522:Second Battle of El Alamein 7085:Hundred Regiments Offensive 7057:Battle of the Mediterranean 6910:Italian invasion of Albania 5077:Air warfare of World War II 4859:(in French). Archived from 4800:; McDevitt, C. D. (1997) . 2079:seizure of Caen might fail. 2022:, one formation the honour 1917: 1859:Battle of Amayé-sur-Seulles 1542:, ordered his only reserve 10: 8837: 8124:Naval bombardment of Japan 7485:First Battle of El Alamein 7404:Battle of Christmas Island 7349:Japanese invasion of Burma 7113:Italian invasion of Greece 7029:German invasion of Belgium 7001:German invasion of Denmark 6974:1939–1940 Winter Offensive 6843:Second Italo-Ethiopian War 5100:Comparative military ranks 4782:. Sidgwick & Jackson. 4720:. Toronto: Madison Press. 4202:Clay, Major E. W. (1950). 3996:Lindsay & Johnson 2005 3854:Wilmot & McDevitt 1997 3830:Wilmot & McDevitt 1997 3659:Lindsay & Johnson 2005 2906:Wilmot & McDevitt 1997 2457:Wilmot & McDevitt 1997 2278:Wilmot & McDevitt 1997 1734: 1685:tanks of the 2nd Company, 1647: 1558:and with five operational 1428: 1424: 1321:Sir Trafford Leigh-Mallory 1260: 1165: 1091: 1001:objective for the British 210:Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg 8730:Allied forces in Normandy 8692: 8656: 8605: 8568: 8511: 8446: 8296: 8213: 8045:Bratislava–Brno offensive 7985: 7976:Dutch famine of 1944–1945 7713: 7600:Allied invasion of Sicily 7554: 7453:Aleutian Islands campaign 7425:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign 7372: 7363:Greek famine of 1941–1944 7258:Second Battle of Changsha 7163:German invasion of Greece 7131: 7008:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang 6983: 6921: 6816: 6697: 6423: 6333: 6174: 5877: 5868: 5626: 5451: 5343:North and Central Pacific 5304: 5066: 5059: 4986: 4342:British Tanks In Normandy 1855:Battle of the Brigade Box 1431:Battle of Le Mesnil-Patry 1398: 383:Combined Bomber Offensive 335: 247: 226: 162: 129: 59: 38: 30: 25: 7637:Allied invasion of Italy 7614:Solomon Islands campaign 7356:Third Battle of Changsha 6953:First Battle of Changsha 6859:Second Sino-Japanese War 5792:German military brothels 5658:United States war crimes 4827:Zetterling, N. (2019) . 4424:Harrison, G. A. (1951). 3360:, pp. 169, 174–175. 2062: 2026:, four units the honour 1999:During Operation Perch, 1650:Battle of Villers-Bocage 1644:Battle of Villers-Bocage 1515:, remained in the area. 1504:2nd US Infantry Division 1500:1st US Infantry Division 1222:47 Royal Marine Commando 1065:Battle of Villers-Bocage 8059:Second Guangxi campaign 7914:Philippines (1944–1945) 7411:Battle of the Coral Sea 7314:Fall of the Philippines 6960:Battle of South Guangxi 6866:Battles of Khalkhin Gol 6265:Italian Social Republic 4912:USAF Historical Studies 4802:The Struggle For Europe 4778:Weigley, R. F. (1981). 4253:Delaforce, P. (2003) . 2178:5th Royal Tank Regiment 1772:reconnaissance-in-force 1695:two anti-tank guns and 1554:, under the command of 1532:Hans Freiherr von Funck 1488:352nd Infantry Division 1047:Further west in the US 8710:D-Day naval deceptions 7644:Armistice of Cassibile 7439:Battle of Dutch Harbor 7390:Battle of the Java Sea 7293:Attack on Pearl Harbor 7193:Syria–Lebanon campaign 7186:Battle of South Shanxi 7156:Invasion of Yugoslavia 6939:Battle of the Atlantic 6553:Korean Liberation Army 6259:(until September 1943) 6216:(until September 1944) 6194:(until September 1944) 4906:Warren, J. C. (1956). 4753:Hodder & Stoughton 4554:Reynolds, M. (2001) . 4055:Gill & Groves 2006 3778:, pp. 160, 86–87. 3370:Stacey & Bond 1960 2869:, pp. 80, 99–100. 2729:Stacey & Bond 1960 2642:Gill & Groves 2006 2498:Trew & Badsey 2004 2469:Stacey & Bond 1960 2402:Stacey & Bond 1960 2378:Gill & Groves 2006 2127:3rd Parachute Division 2001: 1996: 1866: 1846: 1818: 353 casualties. 1810:231st Infantry Brigade 1750: 1714: 1708: 1687: 1667: 1606:131st Infantry Brigade 1581: 1550: 1478: 1390: 1359: 1347:Geyr von Schweppenburg 1277: 1230:Port-en-Bessin-Huppain 1216:, which had landed on 1189: 1111: 1026: 845:Air and Sea operations 638:Anglo-Canadian Sector 517:Anglo-Canadian Sector 243:1 heavy tank battalion 163:Commanders and leaders 7808:Second Battle of Guam 7704:Bengal famine of 1943 7674:Second Battle of Kiev 7630:Battle of the Dnieper 7499:Kokoda Track campaign 7328:Battle of Wake Island 7200:East African campaign 7142:Battle of South Henan 6787:atrocities by Germans 6560:Korean Volunteer Army 5534:Occupation of Germany 5288:Music in World War II 4743:Williams, A. (2004). 4593:Stacey, Colonel C. P. 4397:Hart, S. A. (2007) . 4257:. Sutton Publishing. 3138:, pp. 57–58, 66. 2049:33rd Armoured Brigade 2042:Subsequent operations 1988: 1830: 1793:Durham Light Infantry 1747: 1706: 1657: 1602:22nd Armoured Brigade 1598:Robert "Looney" Hinde 1576: 1476: 1410:56th Infantry Brigade 1314:1st Airborne Division 1298:6th Airborne Division 1273: 1251:27th Armoured Brigade 1239:ordered its reserve, 1182:7th Armoured Division 1175: 1166:Further information: 1149:and then towards the 1105: 1053:7th Armoured Division 1003:3rd Infantry Division 877:Supporting operations 8480:(Canada, Poland, US) 8433:(Canada, Poland, UK) 8427:(Canada, Poland, UK) 8094:Surrender of Germany 7572:Battle of West Hubei 7529:Guadalcanal campaign 7492:Battle of Stalingrad 7418:Battle of Madagascar 6185:Albania protectorate 5972:(formerly Swaziland) 5681:Wehrmacht war crimes 5497:Expulsion of Germans 5281:Art and World War II 5179:British contribution 5128:Governments in exile 4619:on 12 September 2008 4427:Cross-Channel Attack 3974:, pp. 314, 316. 3959:, pp. 346, 150. 3495:, pp. 169, 172. 2719:, pp. 248, 250. 1851:Battle of the Island 1823:Battle of the Island 1373:Panzer-Lehr-Division 1331:Late on 7 June, the 1294:4th Armoured Brigade 1255:21st Panzer Division 1206:8th Armoured Brigade 1129:(Lieutenant-General 1094:Invasion of Normandy 1061:Panzer Lehr Division 1042:21st Panzer Division 1028:Panzer-Lehr Division 329:(Battle of Normandy) 277:class=notpageimage| 234:2 infantry divisions 8741:Operation Bodyguard 8735:Liberation of Paris 8184:Potsdam Declaration 8073:Italy (Spring 1945) 7836:Liberation of Paris 7286:Siege of Sevastopol 6297:(until August 1944) 6200:Wang Jingwei regime 6022:from September 1943 5982:from September 1944 5920:from September 1944 5780:Romanian war crimes 5771:Persecution of Jews 5757:Croatian war crimes 5727:Japanese war crimes 5541:Occupation of Japan 5490:First Indochina War 5202:Military production 5114:Declarations of war 4659:Taylor, D. (1999). 4573:Rodger, A. (2003). 4494:Marie, H. (2004) . 4340:Fortin, L. (2004). 4279:. London: Penguin. 4045:, pp. 262–263. 4030:, pp. 241–242. 4006:, pp. 78, 100. 3986:, pp. 334–335. 3895:, pp. 236–237. 3856:, pp. 310–311. 3844:, pp. 196–198. 3531:, pp. 174–176. 3519:, pp. 172–173. 3483:, pp. 92, 168. 3459:, pp. 261–262. 3435:, pp. 163–164. 2794:, pp. 109–110. 2459:, pp. 284–286. 2168:, 1/7th Battalion, 2164:, 1/5th Battalion, 2131:2nd Parachute Corps 2053:Operation Charnwood 1834:4.5 Inch Medium gun 1660:6 pdr anti-tank gun 1520:2nd Panzer Division 1327:German preparations 1266:Operation Wild Oats 1184:, move inland from 241:1 infantry division 236:2 armoured brigades 232:1 armoured division 98: / 8768:Rommel's asparagus 8752:Operation Jedburgh 8597:Operation Chastity 8177:Surrender of Japan 8010:Battle of Iwo Jima 7859:Belgrade offensive 7265:Siege of Leningrad 7149:Battle of Shanggao 7078:British Somaliland 7043:Dunkirk evacuation 6994:Norwegian campaign 6932:Invasion of Poland 6759:Japanese prisoners 5720:Italian war crimes 5651:British war crimes 5566:Soviet occupations 5350:South-West Pacific 5237:Allied cooperation 5195:Military equipment 4359:Forty, G. (2004). 4303:Ellis, Major L. F. 3998:, pp. 32–34; 3817:, pp. 85, 87. 3321:, pp. 69, 76. 3309:, pp. 65, 67. 3237:, pp. 43, 56. 2845:, pp. 99–100. 2057:Operation Atlantic 1997: 1902:700–800 casualties 1847: 1751: 1709: 1668: 1600:(commander of the 1582: 1536:XLVII Panzer Corps 1479: 1351:Gerd von Rundstedt 1312:and Hill 112. The 1284:, met Dempsey and 1282:Bernard Montgomery 1278: 1228:but fell short of 1190: 1120:Lieutenant-General 1112: 1098:Operation Overlord 1088:Operation Overlord 1057:flanking manoeuvre 987:Battle of Normandy 672:Normandy massacres 561:Operation Chastity 325:Operation Overlord 239:3 panzer divisions 176:Bernard Montgomery 8796:Conflicts in 1944 8781: 8780: 8746:Operation Dragoon 8421:(UK 6th Airborne) 8251: 8250: 8209: 8208: 8052:Battle of Okinawa 7951:Burma (1944–1945) 7785:Mariana and Palau 7565:Tunisian campaign 7383:Fall of Singapore 7307:Fall of Hong Kong 7050:Battle of Britain 6903:Operation Himmler 6812: 6811: 6476:Dutch East Indies 6112:Southern Rhodesia 5864: 5863: 5764:Genocide of Serbs 5667:German war crimes 5644:Soviet war crimes 5637:Allied war crimes 5483:Division of Korea 5462:Chinese Civil War 5260:Strategic bombing 5172:Manhattan Project 4877:Paterson, Ian A. 4855:Corvé, Philippe. 4838:978-1-61200-816-5 4811:978-1-85326-677-5 4789:978-0-283-98801-1 4762:978-0-340-83397-1 4727:978-1-55192-586-8 4697:978-0-7509-3010-9 4670:978-1-870067-07-2 4643:978-1-874622-28-4 4584:978-1-86126-637-8 4565:978-1-885119-44-5 4558:. Da Capo Press. 4546:978-1-905973-69-9 4527:978-0-8117-3198-0 4505:978-2-84048-173-7 4486:978-1-84791-219-0 4467:978-0-330-39012-5 4408:978-0-8117-3383-0 4389:978-1-905696-24-6 4370:978-2-915239-33-1 4351:978-2-915239-33-1 4324:978-1-84574-058-0 4286:978-0-14-101761-7 4264:978-0-7509-3198-4 4237:978-0-8020-3780-0 4194:978-0-300-20534-3 4172:978-0-415-44942-7 4145:978-0-415-40773-1 4117:, pp. 88–95. 3881:Ellis et al. 2004 3805:, pp. 86–87. 3766:, pp. 84–85. 3754:, pp. 77–78. 3625:, pp. 76–77. 3447:, pp. 91–92. 3402:Ellis et al. 2004 3249:, pp. 73–74. 3186:, pp. 63–64. 3174:, pp. 23–33. 2947:Ellis et al. 2004 2753:Ellis et al. 2004 2741:Ellis et al. 2004 2717:Ellis et al. 2004 2705:Ellis et al. 2004 2629:, pp. 63–71. 2539:, pp. 38–39. 2486:Ellis et al. 2004 2416:, pp. 58–59. 2319:Ellis et al. 2004 2307:Ellis et al. 2004 2266:Ellis et al. 2004 2162:The Rifle Brigade 2036:Tilly Sur Seulles 1992:Universal Carrier 1990:The remains of a 1953:Panzer Division. 1886:Operation Aniseed 1787:and tanks of the 1768:Hottot-les-Bagues 1729:Amayé-sur-Seulles 1391:Kampfgruppe Meyer 1367:the commander of 1360:Panzergruppe West 1349:). Field Marshal 1342:Panzergruppe West 1333:I SS-Panzer Corps 1318:Air Chief Marshal 1275:Area west of Caen 1246:Kampfgruppe Meyer 1220:to the east. The 1022:Tilly-sur-Seulles 993:occupied city of 973: 972: 829:Mantes-Gassicourt 493:Normandy landings 290: 289: 125: 124: 54:Tilly-sur-Seulles 8828: 8821:June 1944 events 8754:(France, UK, US) 8748:(France, UK, US) 8720:Hobart's Funnies 8674:Hillman Fortress 8586:Mulberry harbour 8519: 8515: 8512:Landing points ( 8490:Merville Battery 8359:(Deception plan) 8278: 8271: 8264: 8255: 8254: 8244: 8237: 8230: 8227:World portal 8225: 8224: 8200: 8193: 8186: 8179: 8170: 8163: 8156: 8147: 8140: 8133: 8126: 8119: 8112: 8103: 8096: 8089: 8087:Prague offensive 8082: 8080:Battle of Berlin 8075: 8068: 8061: 8054: 8047: 8040: 8033: 8026: 8024:Vienna offensive 8019: 8012: 8005: 8003:Battle of Manila 7998: 7978: 7969: 7960: 7953: 7944: 7937: 7930: 7923: 7916: 7909: 7902: 7893: 7884: 7877: 7868: 7861: 7854: 7847: 7838: 7831: 7824: 7817: 7810: 7803: 7796: 7787: 7780: 7771: 7762: 7753: 7746: 7744:Korsun–Cherkassy 7739: 7728: 7706: 7697: 7690: 7683: 7676: 7669: 7662: 7655: 7646: 7639: 7632: 7625: 7616: 7609: 7602: 7595: 7588: 7586:Bombing of Gorky 7581: 7574: 7567: 7547: 7540: 7531: 7524: 7517: 7508: 7501: 7494: 7487: 7480: 7469: 7462: 7455: 7448: 7446:Battle of Midway 7441: 7434: 7432:Battle of Gazala 7427: 7420: 7413: 7406: 7399: 7392: 7385: 7365: 7358: 7351: 7344: 7342:Battle of Borneo 7337: 7335:Malayan campaign 7330: 7323: 7316: 7309: 7302: 7295: 7288: 7281: 7279:Bombing of Gorky 7274: 7272:Battle of Moscow 7267: 7260: 7253: 7246: 7239: 7232: 7216: 7209: 7202: 7195: 7188: 7181: 7172: 7165: 7158: 7151: 7144: 7124: 7115: 7108: 7101: 7094: 7087: 7080: 7073: 7066: 7059: 7052: 7045: 7038: 7036:Battle of France 7031: 7024: 7017: 7010: 7003: 6996: 6976: 6969: 6962: 6955: 6948: 6941: 6934: 6912: 6905: 6898: 6891: 6889:Munich Agreement 6884: 6877: 6868: 6861: 6854: 6845: 6838: 6823: 6822: 6805: 6798: 6789: 6782: 6775: 6774:Soviet prisoners 6768: 6761: 6754: 6745: 6738: 6729: 6722: 6715: 6714:German prisoners 6710: 6690: 6681: 6674: 6667: 6662: 6655: 6648: 6641: 6634: 6627: 6620: 6613: 6606: 6599: 6592: 6585: 6578: 6571: 6562: 6555: 6548: 6541: 6534: 6527: 6520: 6513: 6506: 6499: 6492: 6485: 6478: 6471: 6464: 6457: 6450: 6443: 6436: 6416: 6409: 6402: 6395: 6388: 6381: 6374: 6367: 6360: 6353: 6346: 6326: 6319: 6312: 6305: 6298: 6290: 6283: 6276: 6267: 6260: 6252: 6245: 6243:French Indochina 6238: 6231: 6224: 6217: 6209: 6202: 6195: 6187: 6167: 6158: 6151: 6142: 6135: 6128: 6121: 6114: 6107: 6100: 6093: 6090:from August 1944 6081: 6074: 6067: 6060: 6053: 6046: 6039: 6032: 6025: 6013: 6006: 5999: 5992: 5985: 5973: 5965: 5958: 5951: 5944: 5937: 5930: 5923: 5911: 5904: 5897: 5890: 5875: 5874: 5855: 5848: 5841: 5834: 5827: 5816: 5801: 5794: 5787: 5782: 5773: 5766: 5759: 5750: 5743: 5736: 5734:Nanjing Massacre 5729: 5722: 5713: 5711:Nuremberg trials 5704: 5697: 5690: 5683: 5676: 5669: 5660: 5653: 5646: 5639: 5619: 5612: 5605: 5596: 5589: 5582: 5575: 5568: 5561: 5552: 5543: 5536: 5529: 5522: 5513: 5506: 5499: 5492: 5485: 5478: 5471: 5464: 5444: 5435: 5428: 5421: 5412: 5405: 5398: 5391: 5382: 5375: 5368: 5359: 5352: 5345: 5338: 5331: 5324: 5317: 5315:Asia and Pacific 5297: 5290: 5283: 5276: 5269: 5262: 5255: 5246: 5244:Mulberry harbour 5239: 5232: 5225: 5218: 5211: 5204: 5197: 5190: 5181: 5174: 5167: 5158: 5151: 5144: 5137: 5130: 5123: 5116: 5109: 5102: 5095: 5086: 5079: 5064: 5063: 5052: 5045: 5036: 5029: 5022: 5015: 5008: 5001: 4994: 4973: 4966: 4959: 4950: 4949: 4932: 4930: 4928: 4902: 4900: 4898: 4886: 4885:on 21 June 2007. 4881:. Archived from 4872: 4870: 4868: 4863:on 20 April 2012 4842: 4823: 4793: 4774: 4750: 4739: 4709: 4682: 4655: 4628: 4626: 4624: 4618: 4612:. Archived from 4603: 4588: 4569: 4550: 4531: 4509: 4490: 4471: 4449: 4447: 4445: 4432: 4420: 4393: 4374: 4355: 4336: 4307:Butler, J. R. M. 4298: 4268: 4249: 4219: 4198: 4176: 4157: 4118: 4112: 4106: 4100: 4094: 4088: 4082: 4076: 4070: 4064: 4058: 4052: 4046: 4040: 4031: 4025: 4019: 4013: 4007: 3993: 3987: 3981: 3975: 3969: 3960: 3950: 3944: 3938: 3932: 3926: 3920: 3914: 3908: 3902: 3896: 3890: 3884: 3878: 3872: 3866: 3857: 3851: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3827: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3800: 3794: 3788: 3779: 3773: 3767: 3761: 3755: 3749: 3740: 3734: 3728: 3722: 3713: 3707: 3698: 3692: 3686: 3680: 3674: 3668: 3662: 3656: 3650: 3644: 3638: 3632: 3626: 3620: 3614: 3608: 3602: 3596: 3590: 3584: 3571: 3565: 3559: 3553: 3544: 3538: 3532: 3526: 3520: 3514: 3508: 3502: 3496: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3454: 3448: 3442: 3436: 3430: 3424: 3418: 3405: 3399: 3388: 3382: 3373: 3367: 3361: 3355: 3349: 3343: 3337: 3331: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3280: 3274: 3268: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3232: 3226: 3220: 3214: 3208: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3181: 3175: 3169: 3163: 3157: 3151: 3145: 3139: 3133: 3127: 3121: 3112: 3106: 3100: 3094: 3085: 3079: 3070: 3064: 3058: 3052: 3046: 3040: 3029: 3023: 3014: 3008: 2995: 2989: 2980: 2974: 2965: 2959: 2950: 2944: 2933: 2927: 2921: 2915: 2909: 2903: 2894: 2888: 2882: 2876: 2870: 2864: 2858: 2852: 2846: 2840: 2834: 2828: 2822: 2816: 2810: 2804: 2795: 2789: 2783: 2777: 2771: 2765: 2756: 2750: 2744: 2738: 2732: 2726: 2720: 2714: 2708: 2702: 2696: 2690: 2681: 2675: 2669: 2663: 2657: 2651: 2645: 2639: 2630: 2620: 2614: 2608: 2602: 2596: 2587: 2581: 2575: 2561: 2555: 2549: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2522: 2513: 2507: 2501: 2495: 2489: 2483: 2472: 2466: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2429: 2423: 2417: 2411: 2405: 2399: 2393: 2387: 2381: 2375: 2366: 2360: 2351: 2345: 2334: 2328: 2322: 2316: 2310: 2304: 2298: 2292: 2281: 2275: 2269: 2263: 2257: 2251: 2236: 2233: 2227: 2224: 2218: 2204: 2198: 2195: 2189: 2158: 2152: 2149: 2143: 2140: 2134: 2123: 2117: 2095: 2089: 2086: 2080: 2072: 2004: 1907: 1903: 1869: 1838:155 mm howitzers 1819: 1816: 1777:panzergrenadiers 1717: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1684: 1556:Michael Wittmann 1553: 1393: 1362: 1135:Caumont-l'Éventé 1106:Infantry of the 1031: 983:Second World War 604:La Haye-du-Puits 589:American Sector 497:American Sector 443:Merville Battery 423:Airborne assault 330: 326: 316: 309: 302: 293: 292: 263: 262: 256: 219: 218: 208: 207: 196: 195: 187:Miles C. Dempsey 185: 184: 174: 173: 155: 153: 152: 142: 140: 139: 113: 112: 110: 109: 108: 103: 99: 96: 95: 94: 91: 61: 60: 43: 23: 22: 8836: 8835: 8831: 8830: 8829: 8827: 8826: 8825: 8806:Battle for Caen 8786: 8785: 8782: 8777: 8688: 8652: 8633:Longues-sur-Mer 8601: 8564: 8507: 8496:Verrières Ridge 8442: 8335:(UK and Canada) 8292: 8282: 8252: 8247: 8240: 8233: 8219: 8217: 8205: 8196: 8189: 8182: 8175: 8166: 8159: 8152: 8143: 8138:Atomic bombings 8136: 8129: 8122: 8115: 8108: 8099: 8092: 8085: 8078: 8071: 8064: 8057: 8050: 8043: 8036: 8029: 8022: 8015: 8008: 8001: 7994: 7981: 7974: 7963: 7956: 7949: 7940: 7933: 7926: 7919: 7912: 7905: 7896: 7887: 7880: 7871: 7864: 7857: 7850: 7841: 7834: 7829:Eastern Romania 7827: 7822:Warsaw Uprising 7820: 7815:Tannenberg Line 7813: 7806: 7801:Western Ukraine 7799: 7790: 7783: 7774: 7765: 7756: 7749: 7742: 7731: 7722: 7709: 7702: 7693: 7686: 7679: 7672: 7665: 7658: 7651: 7642: 7635: 7628: 7619: 7612: 7605: 7598: 7593:Battle of Kursk 7591: 7584: 7577: 7570: 7563: 7550: 7543: 7534: 7527: 7520: 7511: 7504: 7497: 7490: 7483: 7474: 7465: 7458: 7451: 7444: 7437: 7430: 7423: 7416: 7409: 7402: 7397:St Nazaire Raid 7395: 7388: 7381: 7368: 7361: 7354: 7347: 7340: 7333: 7326: 7319: 7312: 7305: 7298: 7291: 7284: 7277: 7270: 7263: 7256: 7249: 7242: 7235: 7221: 7212: 7205: 7198: 7191: 7184: 7179:Anglo-Iraqi War 7177: 7170:Battle of Crete 7168: 7161: 7154: 7147: 7140: 7127: 7118: 7111: 7104: 7099:Eastern Romania 7097: 7090: 7083: 7076: 7069: 7062: 7055: 7048: 7041: 7034: 7027: 7020: 7013: 7006: 6999: 6992: 6979: 6972: 6965: 6958: 6951: 6944: 6937: 6930: 6917: 6908: 6901: 6894: 6887: 6880: 6873: 6864: 6857: 6850: 6841: 6834: 6808: 6801: 6794: 6785: 6778: 6773: 6764: 6757: 6750: 6741: 6734: 6725: 6718: 6713: 6706: 6693: 6686: 6677: 6670: 6665: 6660:Western Ukraine 6658: 6651: 6644: 6637: 6630: 6623: 6616: 6609: 6604:Northeast China 6602: 6595: 6588: 6581: 6574: 6567: 6558: 6551: 6544: 6537: 6530: 6523: 6516: 6509: 6502: 6495: 6488: 6481: 6474: 6467: 6460: 6453: 6446: 6439: 6432: 6419: 6412: 6405: 6398: 6391: 6384: 6377: 6370: 6363: 6356: 6349: 6342: 6329: 6322: 6315: 6308: 6303:Slovak Republic 6301: 6293: 6286: 6279: 6274:Empire of Japan 6272: 6263: 6255: 6248: 6241: 6234: 6227: 6220: 6212: 6205: 6198: 6190: 6183: 6170: 6163: 6154: 6147: 6138: 6131: 6124: 6117: 6110: 6103: 6096: 6084: 6077: 6070: 6063: 6056: 6049: 6042: 6035: 6028: 6016: 6009: 6002: 5995: 5988: 5976: 5968: 5961: 5954: 5947: 5940: 5933: 5926: 5914: 5907: 5900: 5893: 5886: 5860: 5851: 5844: 5837: 5830: 5819: 5804: 5797: 5790: 5786:Sexual violence 5785: 5778: 5769: 5762: 5755: 5746: 5739: 5732: 5725: 5718: 5709: 5700: 5693: 5686: 5679: 5672: 5665: 5656: 5649: 5642: 5635: 5622: 5615: 5608: 5601: 5592: 5585: 5578: 5571: 5564: 5555: 5546: 5539: 5532: 5525: 5516: 5509: 5504:Greek Civil War 5502: 5495: 5488: 5481: 5474: 5467: 5460: 5447: 5440: 5431: 5424: 5417: 5408: 5401: 5394: 5387: 5378: 5371: 5364: 5355: 5348: 5341: 5334: 5329:South-East Asia 5327: 5320: 5313: 5300: 5293: 5286: 5279: 5272: 5265: 5258: 5251: 5242: 5235: 5228: 5221: 5214: 5207: 5200: 5193: 5188:Military awards 5186: 5177: 5170: 5163: 5154: 5147: 5140: 5133: 5126: 5119: 5112: 5105: 5098: 5091: 5082: 5075: 5055: 5048: 5041: 5032: 5025: 5018: 5013: 5004: 4997: 4990: 4982: 4977: 4940: 4935: 4926: 4924: 4922: 4896: 4894: 4866: 4864: 4850: 4848:Further reading 4845: 4839: 4812: 4790: 4763: 4747:D-Day to Berlin 4728: 4714:Vat, D. van der 4698: 4688:Battle for Caen 4671: 4644: 4622: 4620: 4616: 4601: 4585: 4566: 4547: 4528: 4506: 4487: 4468: 4443: 4441: 4430: 4409: 4390: 4371: 4352: 4325: 4287: 4265: 4238: 4208:Gale and Polden 4195: 4173: 4146: 4126: 4121: 4113: 4109: 4101: 4097: 4089: 4085: 4077: 4073: 4065: 4061: 4053: 4049: 4041: 4034: 4026: 4022: 4014: 4010: 3994: 3990: 3984:Zetterling 2019 3982: 3978: 3972:Zetterling 2019 3970: 3963: 3957:Zetterling 2019 3955:, p. 237; 3951: 3947: 3939: 3935: 3927: 3923: 3915: 3911: 3903: 3899: 3891: 3887: 3879: 3875: 3867: 3860: 3852: 3848: 3840: 3836: 3828: 3821: 3813: 3809: 3801: 3797: 3789: 3782: 3774: 3770: 3762: 3758: 3750: 3743: 3735: 3731: 3723: 3716: 3708: 3701: 3693: 3689: 3681: 3677: 3669: 3665: 3657: 3653: 3645: 3641: 3633: 3629: 3621: 3617: 3609: 3605: 3597: 3593: 3585: 3574: 3566: 3562: 3554: 3547: 3539: 3535: 3527: 3523: 3515: 3511: 3503: 3499: 3491: 3487: 3479: 3475: 3467: 3463: 3455: 3451: 3443: 3439: 3431: 3427: 3419: 3408: 3400: 3391: 3383: 3376: 3368: 3364: 3356: 3352: 3344: 3340: 3332: 3325: 3317: 3313: 3305: 3301: 3293: 3289: 3281: 3277: 3269: 3265: 3257: 3253: 3245: 3241: 3233: 3229: 3221: 3217: 3209: 3202: 3194: 3190: 3182: 3178: 3170: 3166: 3158: 3154: 3146: 3142: 3134: 3130: 3122: 3115: 3107: 3103: 3095: 3088: 3080: 3073: 3065: 3061: 3053: 3049: 3041: 3032: 3024: 3017: 3009: 2998: 2990: 2983: 2975: 2968: 2960: 2953: 2945: 2936: 2928: 2924: 2916: 2912: 2904: 2897: 2889: 2885: 2877: 2873: 2865: 2861: 2853: 2849: 2841: 2837: 2829: 2825: 2817: 2813: 2805: 2798: 2790: 2786: 2778: 2774: 2766: 2759: 2751: 2747: 2739: 2735: 2727: 2723: 2715: 2711: 2703: 2699: 2691: 2684: 2676: 2672: 2664: 2660: 2652: 2648: 2640: 2633: 2621: 2617: 2611:Steinhardt 2008 2609: 2605: 2599:Zetterling 2019 2597: 2590: 2582: 2578: 2562: 2558: 2550: 2543: 2535: 2531: 2523: 2516: 2508: 2504: 2496: 2492: 2484: 2475: 2467: 2463: 2455: 2451: 2443: 2432: 2424: 2420: 2412: 2408: 2400: 2396: 2388: 2384: 2376: 2369: 2361: 2354: 2346: 2337: 2329: 2325: 2317: 2313: 2305: 2301: 2293: 2284: 2276: 2272: 2264: 2260: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2230: 2225: 2221: 2205: 2201: 2196: 2192: 2159: 2155: 2150: 2146: 2141: 2137: 2124: 2120: 2102:Fritz Bayerlein 2096: 2092: 2087: 2083: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2044: 2012: 1995: 1983: 1920: 1915: 1905: 1901: 1888: 1845: 1825: 1817: 1756:Royal Air Force 1742: 1737: 1724:Sherman Firefly 1697:13–15 transport 1696: 1692: 1682: 1652: 1646: 1635:(the XXX Corps 1580: 1471: 1458:Le Mesnil-Patry 1433: 1427: 1406: 1401: 1329: 1276: 1268: 1263: 1176:Tanks from the 1170: 1164: 1162:Operation Perch 1100: 1092:Main articles: 1090: 1085: 1069:English Channel 1038:Operation Tonga 979:Operation Perch 976: 975: 974: 969: 956: 743:Verrières Ridge 665:Le Mesnil-Patry 588: 586:Ground campaign 496: 459:American Sector 426:British Sector 425: 331: 328: 324: 322: 320: 286: 285: 284: 283: 282: 279: 273: 272: 271: 270: 264: 242: 240: 235: 233: 213: 212: 202: 198:Gerard Bucknall 190: 189: 179: 178: 168: 150: 148: 137: 135: 106: 104: 100: 97: 92: 89: 87: 85: 84: 83: 44: 33:Battle for Caen 26:Operation Perch 17: 12: 11: 5: 8834: 8824: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8801:1944 in France 8798: 8779: 8778: 8776: 8775: 8770: 8765: 8760: 8755: 8749: 8743: 8738: 8732: 8727: 8722: 8717: 8712: 8707: 8702: 8696: 8694: 8690: 8689: 8687: 8686: 8681: 8679:Pegasus Bridge 8676: 8671: 8666: 8664:Falaise pocket 8660: 8658: 8654: 8653: 8651: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8609: 8607: 8603: 8602: 8600: 8599: 8594: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8572: 8570: 8566: 8565: 8563: 8562: 8556: 8550: 8544: 8543: 8542: 8530: 8523: 8521: 8509: 8508: 8506: 8505: 8502:Villers-Bocage 8499: 8493: 8487: 8481: 8475: 8469: 8463: 8457: 8450: 8448: 8444: 8443: 8441: 8440: 8434: 8428: 8422: 8416: 8410: 8404: 8398: 8392: 8386: 8378: 8372: 8366: 8360: 8354: 8348: 8342: 8336: 8330: 8324: 8318: 8313: 8312:(assault plan) 8307: 8306:(overall plan) 8300: 8298: 8294: 8293: 8281: 8280: 8273: 8266: 8258: 8249: 8248: 8246: 8245: 8238: 8231: 8214: 8211: 8210: 8207: 8206: 8204: 8203: 8202: 8201: 8194: 8187: 8173: 8172: 8171: 8157: 8154:South Sakhalin 8150: 8149: 8148: 8134: 8127: 8120: 8113: 8106: 8105: 8104: 8090: 8083: 8076: 8069: 8062: 8055: 8048: 8041: 8034: 8027: 8020: 8013: 8006: 7999: 7991: 7989: 7983: 7982: 7980: 7979: 7972: 7971: 7970: 7954: 7947: 7946: 7945: 7931: 7924: 7917: 7910: 7903: 7894: 7885: 7878: 7869: 7862: 7855: 7848: 7839: 7832: 7825: 7818: 7811: 7804: 7797: 7788: 7781: 7772: 7763: 7754: 7747: 7740: 7729: 7719: 7717: 7711: 7710: 7708: 7707: 7700: 7699: 7698: 7691: 7677: 7670: 7663: 7656: 7649: 7648: 7647: 7633: 7626: 7617: 7610: 7603: 7596: 7589: 7582: 7579:Battle of Attu 7575: 7568: 7560: 7558: 7552: 7551: 7549: 7548: 7541: 7532: 7525: 7518: 7509: 7502: 7495: 7488: 7481: 7472: 7471: 7470: 7463: 7449: 7442: 7435: 7428: 7421: 7414: 7407: 7400: 7393: 7386: 7378: 7376: 7370: 7369: 7367: 7366: 7359: 7352: 7345: 7338: 7331: 7324: 7321:Battle of Guam 7317: 7310: 7303: 7296: 7289: 7282: 7275: 7268: 7261: 7254: 7247: 7244:Battle of Kiev 7240: 7233: 7219: 7218: 7217: 7203: 7196: 7189: 7182: 7175: 7174: 7173: 7159: 7152: 7145: 7137: 7135: 7129: 7128: 7126: 7125: 7116: 7109: 7102: 7095: 7088: 7081: 7074: 7067: 7060: 7053: 7046: 7039: 7032: 7025: 7018: 7011: 7004: 6997: 6989: 6987: 6981: 6980: 6978: 6977: 6970: 6963: 6956: 6949: 6942: 6935: 6927: 6925: 6919: 6918: 6916: 6915: 6914: 6913: 6906: 6899: 6892: 6885: 6871: 6870: 6869: 6862: 6848: 6847: 6846: 6831: 6829: 6820: 6814: 6813: 6810: 6809: 6807: 6806: 6799: 6792: 6791: 6790: 6783: 6771: 6770: 6769: 6755: 6748: 6747: 6746: 6743:United Kingdom 6739: 6732: 6731: 6730: 6711: 6703: 6701: 6695: 6694: 6692: 6691: 6684: 6683: 6682: 6675: 6663: 6656: 6649: 6642: 6635: 6628: 6621: 6614: 6607: 6600: 6593: 6586: 6579: 6572: 6565: 6564: 6563: 6556: 6542: 6535: 6528: 6521: 6514: 6507: 6500: 6493: 6486: 6479: 6472: 6465: 6458: 6451: 6444: 6437: 6429: 6427: 6421: 6420: 6418: 6417: 6410: 6403: 6396: 6389: 6382: 6375: 6368: 6361: 6354: 6347: 6339: 6337: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6327: 6320: 6313: 6306: 6299: 6291: 6284: 6277: 6270: 6269: 6268: 6253: 6246: 6239: 6232: 6225: 6218: 6210: 6203: 6196: 6188: 6180: 6178: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6168: 6161: 6160: 6159: 6145: 6144: 6143: 6140:British Empire 6133:United Kingdom 6129: 6122: 6115: 6108: 6101: 6094: 6082: 6075: 6068: 6061: 6054: 6047: 6040: 6033: 6026: 6014: 6007: 6000: 5993: 5986: 5974: 5966: 5959: 5952: 5949:Czechoslovakia 5945: 5938: 5931: 5924: 5912: 5905: 5898: 5891: 5883: 5881: 5872: 5866: 5865: 5862: 5861: 5859: 5858: 5857: 5856: 5849: 5846:Rape of Manila 5842: 5835: 5828: 5817: 5802: 5795: 5783: 5776: 5775: 5774: 5767: 5753: 5752: 5751: 5744: 5737: 5723: 5716: 5715: 5714: 5707: 5706: 5705: 5698: 5684: 5677: 5663: 5662: 5661: 5654: 5647: 5632: 5630: 5624: 5623: 5621: 5620: 5617:United Nations 5613: 5606: 5599: 5598: 5597: 5590: 5583: 5576: 5562: 5553: 5544: 5537: 5530: 5523: 5514: 5507: 5500: 5493: 5486: 5479: 5476:Decolonization 5472: 5465: 5457: 5455: 5449: 5448: 5446: 5445: 5438: 5437: 5436: 5422: 5415: 5414: 5413: 5406: 5399: 5385: 5384: 5383: 5376: 5362: 5361: 5360: 5353: 5346: 5339: 5332: 5325: 5310: 5308: 5302: 5301: 5299: 5298: 5291: 5284: 5277: 5270: 5263: 5256: 5249: 5248: 5247: 5240: 5226: 5219: 5212: 5205: 5198: 5191: 5184: 5183: 5182: 5168: 5161: 5160: 5159: 5152: 5149:United Kingdom 5145: 5131: 5124: 5117: 5110: 5103: 5096: 5089: 5088: 5087: 5072: 5070: 5061: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5053: 5046: 5039: 5038: 5037: 5030: 5023: 5011: 5010: 5009: 4995: 4987: 4984: 4983: 4976: 4975: 4968: 4961: 4953: 4947: 4946: 4944:Attack on Caen 4939: 4938:External links 4936: 4934: 4933: 4920: 4903: 4887: 4874: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4843: 4837: 4824: 4810: 4794: 4788: 4775: 4761: 4740: 4726: 4710: 4696: 4683: 4669: 4656: 4642: 4629: 4589: 4583: 4570: 4564: 4551: 4545: 4532: 4526: 4510: 4504: 4491: 4485: 4479:. MLRS Books. 4472: 4466: 4450: 4421: 4407: 4394: 4388: 4382:. MLRS Books. 4375: 4369: 4361:Villers Bocage 4356: 4350: 4337: 4323: 4299: 4285: 4269: 4263: 4250: 4236: 4220: 4199: 4193: 4177: 4171: 4158: 4144: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4119: 4107: 4105:, p. 114. 4095: 4083: 4081:, p. 264. 4071: 4069:, p. 182. 4059: 4047: 4032: 4020: 4018:, p. 100. 4008: 4002:, p. 53; 3988: 3976: 3961: 3945: 3943:, p. 263. 3933: 3921: 3919:, p. 191. 3909: 3907:, p. 108. 3897: 3885: 3883:, p. 256. 3873: 3858: 3846: 3834: 3832:, p. 311. 3819: 3807: 3795: 3793:, p. 107. 3780: 3768: 3756: 3741: 3729: 3727:, p. 109. 3714: 3712:, p. 110. 3699: 3697:, p. 120. 3687: 3675: 3671:Delaforce 2003 3663: 3651: 3639: 3637:, p. 121. 3627: 3615: 3613:, p. 184. 3603: 3601:, p. 159. 3591: 3572: 3560: 3545: 3533: 3521: 3509: 3507:, p. 172. 3497: 3485: 3473: 3461: 3449: 3437: 3425: 3423:, p. 262. 3406: 3404:, p. 255. 3389: 3374: 3372:, p. 143. 3362: 3350: 3338: 3323: 3311: 3299: 3287: 3275: 3263: 3261:, p. 104. 3251: 3239: 3227: 3215: 3200: 3188: 3176: 3164: 3162:, p. 103. 3152: 3140: 3128: 3113: 3101: 3086: 3071: 3069:, p. 126. 3059: 3047: 3030: 3015: 2996: 2994:, p. 374. 2981: 2966: 2951: 2949:, p. 254. 2934: 2932:, p. 257. 2922: 2910: 2908:, p. 308. 2895: 2883: 2881:, p. 134. 2871: 2859: 2847: 2835: 2833:, p. 371. 2823: 2811: 2809:, p. 373. 2796: 2784: 2782:, p. 369. 2772: 2770:, p. 370. 2757: 2755:, p. 250. 2745: 2743:, p. 249. 2733: 2731:, p. 140. 2721: 2709: 2707:, p. 248. 2697: 2682: 2670: 2668:, p. 256. 2658: 2656:, p. 254. 2646: 2631: 2625:, p. 29; 2615: 2603: 2601:, p. 346. 2588: 2586:, p. 151. 2576: 2570:, p. 73; 2566:, p. 39; 2556: 2541: 2529: 2527:, p. 154. 2514: 2502: 2490: 2488:, p. 247. 2473: 2471:, p. 142. 2461: 2449: 2430: 2418: 2406: 2404:, p. 114. 2394: 2392:, p. 247. 2382: 2367: 2352: 2335: 2333:, p. 146. 2323: 2311: 2299: 2282: 2280:, p. 273. 2270: 2268:, p. 171. 2258: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2237: 2228: 2219: 2199: 2190: 2153: 2144: 2135: 2118: 2090: 2081: 2076:Chester Wilmot 2066: 2064: 2061: 2059:(18–20 July). 2043: 2040: 2032:Villers-Bocage 2020:Port En Bessin 2016:battle honours 2011: 2010:Battle honours 2008: 1989: 1982: 1979: 1969:Chester Wilmot 1919: 1916: 1914: 1911: 1897:Aunay-sur-Odon 1893:Bomber Command 1887: 1884: 1880:harassing fire 1831: 1824: 1821: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1648:Main article: 1645: 1642: 1625:Cromwell tanks 1577: 1564:Villers-Bocage 1470: 1467: 1429:Main article: 1426: 1423: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1328: 1325: 1274: 1267: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1188:, 7 June 1944. 1163: 1160: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1059:and force the 997:, which was a 971: 970: 968: 967: 955: 954: 943: 936: 929: 922: 915: 908: 901: 894: 887: 874: 873: 868: 866:Pierres Noires 863: 858: 853: 842: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 801: 794: 787: 786: 785: 773: 766: 759: 746: 745: 740: 733: 726: 721: 714: 707: 700: 693: 686: 681: 680: 679: 669: 668: 667: 662: 660:Villers-Bocage 650: 645: 636: 635: 634: 633: 623: 622: 621: 611: 606: 601: 596: 594:Brécourt Manor 583: 582: 581: 580: 575: 565: 564: 563: 547: 546: 544:Port-en-Bessin 541: 536: 531: 526: 515: 514: 509: 504: 489: 488: 483: 478: 473: 468: 455: 454: 447: 446: 445: 440: 420: 419: 414: 409: 402: 395: 393:Transport Plan 390: 385: 380: 379: 378: 373: 366: 359: 345: 336: 333: 332: 319: 318: 311: 304: 296: 288: 287: 280: 275: 274: 268:Villers-Bocage 266: 265: 258: 257: 251: 250: 249: 248: 245: 244: 237: 229: 228: 224: 223: 200: 165: 164: 160: 159: 146: 144:United Kingdom 132: 131: 127: 126: 123: 122: 121:German victory 119: 115: 114: 102:49.08°N 0.66°W 75: 73: 69: 68: 67:7–14 June 1944 65: 57: 56: 36: 35: 28: 27: 21: 20: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8833: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8793: 8791: 8784: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8764: 8761: 8759: 8756: 8753: 8750: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8736: 8733: 8731: 8728: 8726: 8723: 8721: 8718: 8716: 8713: 8711: 8708: 8706: 8703: 8701: 8700:Atlantic Wall 8698: 8697: 8695: 8691: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8661: 8659: 8655: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8610: 8608: 8606:Gun batteries 8604: 8598: 8595: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8573: 8571: 8567: 8560: 8557: 8554: 8551: 8548: 8545: 8540: 8539:Pointe du Hoc 8537: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8528: 8525: 8524: 8522: 8510: 8503: 8500: 8497: 8494: 8491: 8488: 8485: 8482: 8479: 8476: 8473: 8470: 8467: 8464: 8461: 8458: 8455: 8452: 8451: 8449: 8445: 8438: 8435: 8432: 8429: 8426: 8423: 8420: 8417: 8414: 8411: 8408: 8405: 8402: 8399: 8396: 8393: 8390: 8387: 8384: 8383: 8379: 8376: 8373: 8370: 8367: 8364: 8361: 8358: 8355: 8352: 8349: 8346: 8343: 8340: 8337: 8334: 8331: 8328: 8325: 8322: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8311: 8308: 8305: 8302: 8301: 8299: 8295: 8291: 8287: 8286:Western Front 8279: 8274: 8272: 8267: 8265: 8260: 8259: 8256: 8243: 8239: 8236: 8232: 8229: 8228: 8223: 8216: 8215: 8212: 8199: 8195: 8192: 8188: 8185: 8181: 8180: 8178: 8174: 8169: 8165: 8164: 8162: 8161:Kuril Islands 8158: 8155: 8151: 8146: 8142: 8141: 8139: 8135: 8132: 8128: 8125: 8121: 8118: 8114: 8111: 8107: 8102: 8098: 8097: 8095: 8091: 8088: 8084: 8081: 8077: 8074: 8070: 8067: 8063: 8060: 8056: 8053: 8049: 8046: 8042: 8039: 8035: 8032: 8028: 8025: 8021: 8018: 8014: 8011: 8007: 8004: 8000: 7997: 7993: 7992: 7990: 7988: 7984: 7977: 7973: 7968: 7967: 7962: 7961: 7959: 7955: 7952: 7948: 7943: 7939: 7938: 7936: 7932: 7929: 7928:Syrmian Front 7925: 7922: 7918: 7915: 7911: 7908: 7904: 7901: 7900: 7895: 7892: 7891: 7886: 7883: 7879: 7876: 7875: 7874:Market Garden 7870: 7867: 7863: 7860: 7856: 7853: 7849: 7846: 7845: 7840: 7837: 7833: 7830: 7826: 7823: 7819: 7816: 7812: 7809: 7805: 7802: 7798: 7795: 7794: 7789: 7786: 7782: 7779: 7778: 7773: 7770: 7769: 7764: 7761: 7760: 7755: 7752: 7748: 7745: 7741: 7738: 7734: 7733:Monte Cassino 7730: 7727: 7726: 7721: 7720: 7718: 7716: 7712: 7705: 7701: 7696: 7692: 7689: 7685: 7684: 7682: 7678: 7675: 7671: 7668: 7664: 7661: 7657: 7654: 7650: 7645: 7641: 7640: 7638: 7634: 7631: 7627: 7624: 7623: 7618: 7615: 7611: 7608: 7604: 7601: 7597: 7594: 7590: 7587: 7583: 7580: 7576: 7573: 7569: 7566: 7562: 7561: 7559: 7557: 7553: 7546: 7542: 7539: 7538: 7533: 7530: 7526: 7523: 7519: 7516: 7515: 7510: 7507: 7503: 7500: 7496: 7493: 7489: 7486: 7482: 7479: 7478: 7473: 7468: 7464: 7461: 7457: 7456: 7454: 7450: 7447: 7443: 7440: 7436: 7433: 7429: 7426: 7422: 7419: 7415: 7412: 7408: 7405: 7401: 7398: 7394: 7391: 7387: 7384: 7380: 7379: 7377: 7375: 7371: 7364: 7360: 7357: 7353: 7350: 7346: 7343: 7339: 7336: 7332: 7329: 7325: 7322: 7318: 7315: 7311: 7308: 7304: 7301: 7297: 7294: 7290: 7287: 7283: 7280: 7276: 7273: 7269: 7266: 7262: 7259: 7255: 7252: 7248: 7245: 7241: 7238: 7234: 7230: 7229: 7224: 7220: 7215: 7211: 7210: 7208: 7204: 7201: 7197: 7194: 7190: 7187: 7183: 7180: 7176: 7171: 7167: 7166: 7164: 7160: 7157: 7153: 7150: 7146: 7143: 7139: 7138: 7136: 7134: 7130: 7123: 7122: 7117: 7114: 7110: 7107: 7103: 7100: 7096: 7093: 7092:Baltic states 7089: 7086: 7082: 7079: 7075: 7072: 7068: 7065: 7061: 7058: 7054: 7051: 7047: 7044: 7040: 7037: 7033: 7030: 7026: 7023: 7019: 7016: 7012: 7009: 7005: 7002: 6998: 6995: 6991: 6990: 6988: 6986: 6982: 6975: 6971: 6968: 6964: 6961: 6957: 6954: 6950: 6947: 6943: 6940: 6936: 6933: 6929: 6928: 6926: 6924: 6920: 6911: 6907: 6904: 6900: 6897: 6893: 6890: 6886: 6883: 6879: 6878: 6876: 6872: 6867: 6863: 6860: 6856: 6855: 6853: 6849: 6844: 6840: 6839: 6837: 6833: 6832: 6830: 6828: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6815: 6804: 6800: 6797: 6793: 6788: 6784: 6781: 6777: 6776: 6772: 6767: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6756: 6753: 6749: 6744: 6740: 6737: 6736:United States 6733: 6728: 6724: 6723: 6721: 6717: 6716: 6712: 6709: 6705: 6704: 6702: 6700: 6696: 6689: 6685: 6680: 6676: 6673: 6672:Quốc dân Đảng 6669: 6668: 6664: 6661: 6657: 6654: 6650: 6647: 6643: 6640: 6636: 6633: 6629: 6626: 6622: 6619: 6615: 6612: 6608: 6605: 6601: 6598: 6594: 6591: 6587: 6584: 6580: 6577: 6573: 6570: 6566: 6561: 6557: 6554: 6550: 6549: 6547: 6543: 6540: 6536: 6533: 6529: 6526: 6522: 6519: 6515: 6512: 6508: 6505: 6501: 6498: 6494: 6491: 6487: 6484: 6480: 6477: 6473: 6470: 6466: 6463: 6459: 6456: 6452: 6449: 6445: 6442: 6438: 6435: 6431: 6430: 6428: 6426: 6422: 6415: 6411: 6408: 6404: 6401: 6397: 6394: 6390: 6387: 6383: 6380: 6376: 6373: 6372:Liechtenstein 6369: 6366: 6362: 6359: 6355: 6352: 6348: 6345: 6341: 6340: 6338: 6336: 6332: 6325: 6324:Collaboration 6321: 6318: 6314: 6311: 6307: 6304: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6289: 6285: 6282: 6278: 6275: 6271: 6266: 6262: 6261: 6258: 6254: 6251: 6247: 6244: 6240: 6237: 6233: 6230: 6226: 6223: 6219: 6215: 6211: 6208: 6204: 6201: 6197: 6193: 6189: 6186: 6182: 6181: 6179: 6177: 6173: 6166: 6162: 6157: 6153: 6152: 6150: 6149:United States 6146: 6141: 6137: 6136: 6134: 6130: 6127: 6123: 6120: 6116: 6113: 6109: 6106: 6102: 6099: 6095: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6080: 6076: 6073: 6069: 6066: 6062: 6059: 6055: 6052: 6048: 6045: 6041: 6038: 6034: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6012: 6008: 6005: 6001: 5998: 5994: 5991: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5964: 5960: 5957: 5953: 5950: 5946: 5943: 5939: 5936: 5932: 5929: 5925: 5921: 5917: 5913: 5910: 5906: 5903: 5899: 5896: 5892: 5889: 5885: 5884: 5882: 5880: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5867: 5854: 5850: 5847: 5843: 5840: 5839:Comfort women 5836: 5833: 5829: 5826: 5823: / 5822: 5818: 5815: 5812: / 5811: 5808: / 5807: 5803: 5800: 5799:Camp brothels 5796: 5793: 5789: 5788: 5784: 5781: 5777: 5772: 5768: 5765: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5754: 5749: 5745: 5742: 5738: 5735: 5731: 5730: 5728: 5724: 5721: 5717: 5712: 5708: 5703: 5699: 5696: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5688:The Holocaust 5685: 5682: 5678: 5675: 5674:forced labour 5671: 5670: 5668: 5664: 5659: 5655: 5652: 5648: 5645: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5634: 5633: 5631: 5629: 5625: 5618: 5614: 5611: 5607: 5604: 5600: 5595: 5591: 5588: 5584: 5581: 5577: 5574: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5563: 5560: 5559: 5554: 5551: 5550: 5545: 5542: 5538: 5535: 5531: 5528: 5527:Marshall Plan 5524: 5521: 5520: 5515: 5512: 5508: 5505: 5501: 5498: 5494: 5491: 5487: 5484: 5480: 5477: 5473: 5470: 5466: 5463: 5459: 5458: 5456: 5454: 5450: 5443: 5439: 5434: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5423: 5420: 5416: 5411: 5407: 5404: 5400: 5397: 5393: 5392: 5390: 5386: 5381: 5380:Eastern Front 5377: 5374: 5373:Western Front 5370: 5369: 5367: 5363: 5358: 5354: 5351: 5347: 5344: 5340: 5337: 5333: 5330: 5326: 5323: 5319: 5318: 5316: 5312: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5303: 5296: 5292: 5289: 5285: 5282: 5278: 5275: 5271: 5268: 5267:Puppet states 5264: 5261: 5257: 5254: 5250: 5245: 5241: 5238: 5234: 5233: 5231: 5227: 5224: 5220: 5217: 5213: 5210: 5209:Naval history 5206: 5203: 5199: 5196: 5192: 5189: 5185: 5180: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5166: 5162: 5157: 5156:United States 5153: 5150: 5146: 5143: 5139: 5138: 5136: 5132: 5129: 5125: 5122: 5118: 5115: 5111: 5108: 5104: 5101: 5097: 5094: 5090: 5085: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5074: 5073: 5071: 5069: 5065: 5062: 5058: 5051: 5047: 5044: 5040: 5035: 5031: 5028: 5024: 5021: 5017: 5016: 5012: 5007: 5003: 5002: 5000: 4996: 4993: 4989: 4988: 4985: 4981: 4974: 4969: 4967: 4962: 4960: 4955: 4954: 4951: 4945: 4942: 4941: 4923: 4921:0-89126-015-3 4917: 4913: 4909: 4904: 4893: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4875: 4862: 4858: 4853: 4852: 4840: 4834: 4830: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4785: 4781: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4764: 4758: 4754: 4749: 4748: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4693: 4689: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4666: 4662: 4657: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4639: 4635: 4630: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4600: 4599: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4580: 4576: 4571: 4567: 4561: 4557: 4552: 4548: 4542: 4538: 4533: 4529: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4501: 4497: 4492: 4488: 4482: 4478: 4473: 4469: 4463: 4459: 4455: 4451: 4440: 4436: 4429: 4428: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4404: 4400: 4395: 4391: 4385: 4381: 4376: 4372: 4366: 4362: 4357: 4353: 4347: 4343: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4260: 4256: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4206:. Aldershot: 4205: 4200: 4196: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4168: 4165:. Routledge. 4164: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4128: 4116: 4111: 4104: 4103:Williams 2004 4099: 4093:, p. 69. 4092: 4087: 4080: 4075: 4068: 4063: 4057:, p. 27. 4056: 4051: 4044: 4039: 4037: 4029: 4024: 4017: 4012: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3992: 3985: 3980: 3973: 3968: 3966: 3958: 3954: 3949: 3942: 3937: 3931:, p. 29. 3930: 3925: 3918: 3913: 3906: 3905:Reynolds 2001 3901: 3894: 3889: 3882: 3877: 3871:, p. 27. 3870: 3865: 3863: 3855: 3850: 3843: 3838: 3831: 3826: 3824: 3816: 3811: 3804: 3799: 3792: 3791:Reynolds 2001 3787: 3785: 3777: 3772: 3765: 3760: 3753: 3748: 3746: 3739:, p. 82. 3738: 3733: 3726: 3725:Reynolds 2001 3721: 3719: 3711: 3710:Reynolds 2001 3706: 3704: 3696: 3691: 3685:, p. 77. 3684: 3679: 3673:, p. 39. 3672: 3667: 3661:, p. 40. 3660: 3655: 3649:, p. 78. 3648: 3643: 3636: 3631: 3624: 3619: 3612: 3607: 3600: 3595: 3589:, p. 77. 3588: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3577: 3570:, p. 83. 3569: 3564: 3558:, p. 78. 3557: 3552: 3550: 3543:, p. 94. 3542: 3537: 3530: 3525: 3518: 3513: 3506: 3501: 3494: 3489: 3482: 3477: 3471:, p. 91. 3470: 3465: 3458: 3453: 3446: 3441: 3434: 3429: 3422: 3417: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3403: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3387:, p. 90. 3386: 3381: 3379: 3371: 3366: 3359: 3354: 3348:, p. 76. 3347: 3342: 3336:, p. 76. 3335: 3330: 3328: 3320: 3315: 3308: 3303: 3297:, p. 59. 3296: 3291: 3285:, p. 74. 3284: 3279: 3273:, p. 43. 3272: 3267: 3260: 3259:Reynolds 2001 3255: 3248: 3243: 3236: 3231: 3225:, p. 66. 3224: 3219: 3213:, p. 33. 3212: 3207: 3205: 3198:, p. 65. 3197: 3192: 3185: 3180: 3173: 3168: 3161: 3160:Reynolds 2001 3156: 3150:, p. 25. 3149: 3144: 3137: 3132: 3126:, p. 19. 3125: 3120: 3118: 3111:, p. 51. 3110: 3105: 3099:, p. 16. 3098: 3093: 3091: 3084:, p. 12. 3083: 3078: 3076: 3068: 3063: 3057:, p. 53. 3056: 3051: 3045:, p. 11. 3044: 3039: 3037: 3035: 3028:, p. 13. 3027: 3022: 3020: 3013:, p. 50. 3012: 3007: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2993: 2992:Harrison 1951 2988: 2986: 2979:, p. 76. 2978: 2973: 2971: 2964:, p. 10. 2963: 2958: 2956: 2948: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2931: 2926: 2920:, p. 47. 2919: 2914: 2907: 2902: 2900: 2893:, p. 24. 2892: 2887: 2880: 2875: 2868: 2867:Reynolds 2001 2863: 2857:, p. 57. 2856: 2851: 2844: 2843:Reynolds 2001 2839: 2832: 2831:Harrison 1951 2827: 2821:, p. 96. 2820: 2819:Reynolds 2001 2815: 2808: 2807:Harrison 1951 2803: 2801: 2793: 2788: 2781: 2780:Harrison 1951 2776: 2769: 2768:Harrison 1951 2764: 2762: 2754: 2749: 2742: 2737: 2730: 2725: 2718: 2713: 2706: 2701: 2695:, p. 61. 2694: 2689: 2687: 2680:, p. 37. 2679: 2674: 2667: 2662: 2655: 2650: 2644:, p. 24. 2643: 2638: 2636: 2628: 2627:Reynolds 2001 2624: 2619: 2613:, p. 63. 2612: 2607: 2600: 2595: 2593: 2585: 2584:Hastings 1999 2580: 2574:, p. 60. 2573: 2569: 2568:Reynolds 2001 2565: 2560: 2554:, p. 29. 2553: 2548: 2546: 2538: 2533: 2526: 2525:Hastings 1999 2521: 2519: 2512:, p. 71. 2511: 2510:Reynolds 2001 2506: 2500:, p. 22. 2499: 2494: 2487: 2482: 2480: 2478: 2470: 2465: 2458: 2453: 2447:, p. 59. 2446: 2441: 2439: 2437: 2435: 2428:, p. 11. 2427: 2422: 2415: 2410: 2403: 2398: 2391: 2386: 2380:, p. 22. 2379: 2374: 2372: 2364: 2359: 2357: 2350:, p. 36. 2349: 2344: 2342: 2340: 2332: 2327: 2321:, p. 81. 2320: 2315: 2309:, p. 78. 2308: 2303: 2297:, p. 23. 2296: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2279: 2274: 2267: 2262: 2256:, p. 24. 2255: 2254:Williams 2004 2250: 2246: 2232: 2223: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2194: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2157: 2148: 2139: 2132: 2128: 2122: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2094: 2085: 2077: 2071: 2067: 2060: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2039: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2007: 2003: 1993: 1987: 1978: 1975: 1970: 1966: 1964: 1960: 1954: 1951: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1910: 1898: 1894: 1883: 1881: 1875: 1873: 1868: 1862: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1829: 1820: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1781: 1779: 1778: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1746: 1732: 1730: 1725: 1721: 1716: 1705: 1701: 1689: 1679: 1677: 1673: 1672:Brigade group 1665: 1664:Loyd Carriers 1661: 1656: 1651: 1641: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1587: 1586:Major-General 1575: 1571: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1546: 1541: 1540:Sepp Dietrich 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1484:battle groups 1475: 1466: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1432: 1422: 1420: 1416: 1411: 1396: 1392: 1387: 1383: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1343: 1338: 1334: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1272: 1258: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1247: 1242: 1238: 1233: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1159: 1156: 1152: 1151:Touques River 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1131:Miles Dempsey 1128: 1124: 1121: 1117: 1109: 1104: 1099: 1095: 1080: 1078: 1072: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1045: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1030: 1029: 1023: 1018: 1016: 1015:pincer attack 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 966: 963: 962: 961: 960: 953: 952: 948: 944: 942: 941: 937: 935: 934: 930: 928: 927: 923: 921: 920: 916: 914: 913: 909: 907: 906: 902: 900: 899: 895: 893: 892: 888: 886: 885: 881: 880: 879: 878: 872: 869: 867: 864: 862: 859: 857: 854: 852: 849: 848: 847: 846: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 802: 800: 799: 795: 793: 792: 788: 784: 781: 780: 779: 778: 774: 772: 771: 767: 765: 764: 760: 758: 757: 753: 752: 751: 750: 744: 741: 739: 738: 734: 732: 731: 727: 725: 722: 720: 719: 715: 713: 712: 708: 706: 705: 701: 699: 698: 694: 692: 691: 687: 685: 682: 678: 677:Ardenne Abbey 675: 674: 673: 670: 666: 663: 661: 658: 657: 656: 655: 651: 649: 646: 644: 641: 640: 639: 632: 629: 628: 627: 624: 620: 617: 616: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 591: 590: 587: 579: 576: 574: 571: 570: 569: 566: 562: 559: 558: 557: 554: 553: 552: 551: 545: 542: 540: 537: 535: 532: 530: 527: 525: 524: 520: 519: 518: 513: 512:Pointe du Hoc 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 499: 498: 495: 494: 487: 484: 482: 479: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 463: 462: 461: 460: 453: 452: 448: 444: 441: 439: 436: 435: 434: 433: 429: 428: 427: 424: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 407: 403: 401: 400: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 377: 374: 372: 371: 367: 365: 364: 360: 358: 357: 353: 352: 351: 350: 346: 344: 343:Atlantic Wall 341: 340: 339: 334: 327: 317: 312: 310: 305: 303: 298: 297: 294: 278: 269: 255: 246: 238: 231: 230: 225: 222: 221:Sepp Dietrich 217: 211: 206: 201: 199: 194: 188: 183: 177: 172: 167: 166: 161: 158: 147: 145: 134: 133: 128: 120: 117: 116: 111: 82: 78: 74: 71: 70: 66: 63: 62: 58: 55: 51: 47: 42: 37: 34: 29: 24: 19: 8783: 8657:Other places 8468:(UK, Canada) 8400: 8381: 8290:World War II 8235:Bibliography 8218: 8031:Project Hula 7996:Vistula–Oder 7965: 7898: 7889: 7873: 7843: 7792: 7776: 7767: 7758: 7724: 7621: 7536: 7512: 7475: 7226: 7119: 7064:North Africa 6766:Soviet Union 6720:Soviet Union 6646:Soviet Union 6414:Vatican City 6317:Vichy France 6222:German Reich 6119:Soviet Union 6105:South Africa 6098:Sierra Leone 6051:Newfoundland 5870:Participants 5853:Marocchinate 5557: 5548: 5518: 5396:North Africa 5357:Indian Ocean 5216:Nazi plunder 5107:Cryptography 4980:World War II 4925:. Retrieved 4911: 4895:. Retrieved 4883:the original 4865:. Retrieved 4861:the original 4828: 4801: 4779: 4746: 4717: 4687: 4660: 4633: 4621:. Retrieved 4614:the original 4597: 4574: 4555: 4536: 4517: 4495: 4476: 4457: 4454:Hastings, M. 4442:. Retrieved 4426: 4398: 4379: 4360: 4341: 4310: 4276: 4254: 4227: 4203: 4184: 4162: 4135: 4115:Buckley 2014 4110: 4098: 4086: 4074: 4062: 4050: 4023: 4011: 3991: 3979: 3948: 3936: 3929:Buckley 2006 3924: 3912: 3900: 3888: 3876: 3869:Buckley 2006 3849: 3837: 3810: 3798: 3771: 3759: 3732: 3690: 3678: 3666: 3654: 3642: 3630: 3618: 3606: 3594: 3563: 3536: 3524: 3512: 3500: 3488: 3476: 3464: 3452: 3440: 3428: 3365: 3353: 3341: 3314: 3302: 3290: 3278: 3266: 3254: 3242: 3230: 3218: 3191: 3179: 3167: 3155: 3148:Buckley 2006 3143: 3131: 3104: 3062: 3050: 2925: 2913: 2891:Buckley 2006 2886: 2874: 2862: 2850: 2838: 2826: 2814: 2792:Weigley 1981 2787: 2775: 2748: 2736: 2724: 2712: 2700: 2693:Buckley 2007 2673: 2661: 2649: 2618: 2606: 2579: 2572:Buckley 2007 2559: 2532: 2505: 2493: 2464: 2452: 2445:Buckley 2006 2421: 2414:Buckley 2007 2409: 2397: 2385: 2365:, p. 9. 2326: 2314: 2302: 2295:Buckley 2006 2273: 2261: 2249: 2231: 2222: 2215:George Forty 2211:Tracy-Bocage 2207:Carlo D'Este 2202: 2193: 2186:11th Hussars 2156: 2147: 2138: 2121: 2098:Max Hastings 2093: 2084: 2070: 2045: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2013: 1998: 1967: 1963:Mungo Melvin 1955: 1950:Hubert Meyer 1944: 1941:Lionel Ellis 1937:John Buckley 1933:Carlo D'Este 1921: 1889: 1876: 1863: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1848: 1797: 1782: 1775: 1752: 1710: 1693:13–14 tanks, 1680: 1669: 1637:armoured car 1629:La Mulotiere 1622: 1595: 1583: 1543: 1517: 1480: 1462:69th Brigade 1446:Touffréville 1434: 1419:Adolf Hitler 1407: 1377:Hitlerjugend 1376: 1369:Army Group B 1365:Erwin Rommel 1341: 1330: 1286:Omar Bradley 1279: 1244: 1237:LXXXIV Corps 1234: 1191: 1123:John Crocker 1113: 1073: 1060: 1046: 1019: 978: 977: 958: 957: 950: 946: 939: 932: 925: 918: 911: 904: 897: 890: 883: 876: 875: 871:Audierne Bay 844: 843: 797: 790: 776: 769: 762: 755: 748: 747: 736: 729: 717: 710: 703: 696: 689: 653: 652: 637: 585: 584: 549: 548: 522: 516: 491: 490: 457: 456: 450: 431: 422: 421: 405: 399:Postage Able 398: 369: 362: 355: 348: 337: 130:Belligerents 107:49.08; -0.66 48:tank of the 31:Part of the 18: 8715:Dieppe Raid 8648:Mont Canisy 7966:Bodenplatte 7852:Gothic Line 7071:West Africa 6618:Philippines 6597:Netherlands 6462:Czech lands 6400:Switzerland 6344:Afghanistan 6288:Philippines 6156:Puerto Rico 6072:Philippines 6058:New Zealand 6044:Netherlands 5997:Free France 5748:Prosecution 5549:Osoaviakhim 5419:West Africa 5403:East Africa 5050:Conferences 4181:Buckley, J. 4132:Buckley, J. 4091:Fortin 2004 4028:Rodger 2003 3917:D'Este 2004 3842:D'Este 2004 3752:Taylor 1999 3623:Taylor 1999 3611:D'Este 2004 3587:Taylor 1999 3556:Taylor 1999 3346:Taylor 1999 3319:Taylor 1999 3307:Taylor 1999 3295:Taylor 1999 3271:Taylor 1999 3235:Taylor 1999 3211:Taylor 1999 3172:Taylor 1999 3124:Taylor 1999 3097:Taylor 1999 3082:Taylor 1999 3043:Taylor 1999 3026:Fortin 2004 2962:Taylor 1999 2426:Randel 2006 2363:Taylor 1999 1906:8–20 tanks, 1560:Tiger tanks 1469:Caumont Gap 1454:1st Hussars 1357:), ordered 1226:Omaha Beach 1210:Mont Pinçon 1127:Second Army 1116:Sword Beach 919:Houndsworth 839:La Rochelle 105: / 8790:Categories 8725:Rhino tank 8613:Amfreville 8297:Operations 8066:West Hunan 7899:Pointblank 7228:Silver Fox 7214:Summer War 6967:Winter War 6946:Phoney War 6727:Azerbaijan 6688:Yugoslavia 6583:Luxembourg 6425:Resistance 6165:Yugoslavia 6030:Luxembourg 5832:Sook Ching 5628:War crimes 5230:Technology 5223:Opposition 5165:Lend-Lease 5142:Australian 5135:Home front 5093:Blitzkrieg 5043:Casualties 5034:Commanders 5006:Operations 4890:Warlinks. 4798:Wilmot, C. 4751:. London: 4273:D'Este, C. 4124:References 4067:Forty 2004 4016:Forty 2004 4004:Forty 2004 4000:Marie 2004 3953:Meyer 2005 3893:Meyer 2005 3815:Forty 2004 3803:Forty 2004 3776:Forty 2004 3764:Forty 2004 3737:Forty 2004 3695:Marie 2004 3683:Forty 2004 3647:Forty 2004 3635:Marie 2004 3599:Forty 2004 3568:Forty 2004 3541:Forty 2004 3529:Forty 2004 3517:Forty 2004 3505:Forty 2004 3493:Forty 2004 3481:Forty 2004 3469:Forty 2004 3445:Forty 2004 3433:Forty 2004 3385:Forty 2004 3358:Forty 2004 3334:Forty 2004 3283:Forty 2004 3247:Forty 2004 3223:Forty 2004 3196:Forty 2004 3184:Forty 2004 3136:Forty 2004 3109:Forty 2004 3067:Forty 2004 3055:Marie 2004 3011:Forty 2004 2918:Forty 2004 2855:Forty 2004 2678:Forty 2004 2623:Forty 2004 2564:Forty 2004 2552:Forty 2004 2537:Forty 2004 2348:Forty 2004 1981:Casualties 1959:Terry Copp 1945:unexpected 1909:efforts". 1842:US V Corps 1805:M4 Sherman 1591:US V Corps 1306:Odon River 1218:Juno Beach 1198:Gold Beach 1196:landed on 1186:Gold Beach 1083:Background 1049:First Army 965:Cemeteries 819:Saint-Malo 388:Pointblank 46:Centaur IV 8569:Logistics 8484:Cherbourg 8431:Tractable 8357:Fortitude 8333:Charnwood 8131:Manchuria 8017:Indochina 7793:Bagration 7237:Lithuania 6882:Anschluss 6679:Viet Minh 6576:Lithuania 6518:Hong Kong 6281:Manchukuo 6236:Azad Hind 5895:Australia 5695:Aftermath 5558:Paperclip 5453:Aftermath 5253:Total war 5121:Diplomacy 5084:In Europe 4610:606015967 4516:(2005) . 4514:Meyer, H. 4456:(1999) . 4439:606012173 4333:276814706 4275:(2004) . 4226:(2004) . 4183:(2014) . 4154:154699922 4134:(2006) . 4079:Clay 1950 4043:Clay 1950 3941:Clay 1950 3457:Clay 1950 3421:Clay 1950 2977:Copp 2004 2930:Clay 1950 2879:Hart 2007 2666:Clay 1950 2654:Clay 1950 2390:Clay 1950 2242:Citations 1913:Aftermath 1764:Verrières 1760:Lingèvres 1749:launched. 1720:Panzer IV 1683:3–5 Tiger 1492:Trévières 1456:attacked 1404:XXX Corps 1139:Cherbourg 1017:on Caen. 1007:XXX Corps 959:Aftermath 912:Bulbasket 861:Cherbourg 798:Tractable 711:Charnwood 626:Cherbourg 550:Logistics 356:Fortitude 349:Bodyguard 8737:(France) 8693:See also 8669:Hill 262 8643:Merville 8628:Houlgate 8623:Crisbecq 8618:Azeville 8555:(Canada) 8498:(Canada) 8478:Chambois 8472:Carentan 8460:Bréville 8439:(Canada) 8425:Totalize 8409:(Canada) 8385:(German) 8363:Goodwood 8327:Bluecoat 8323:(Canada) 8321:Atlantic 8304:Overlord 8242:Category 8191:document 8101:document 7958:Ardennes 7942:Budapest 7890:Crossbow 7768:Overlord 7607:Smolensk 6818:Timeline 6653:Slovakia 6639:Thailand 6490:Ethiopia 6455:Bulgaria 6379:Portugal 6310:Thailand 6192:Bulgaria 5970:Eswatini 5963:Ethiopia 5916:Bulgaria 5741:Unit 731 5702:Response 5519:Keelhaul 5469:Cold War 5442:Americas 5433:timeline 5426:Atlantic 5306:Theaters 4820:39697844 4771:60416729 4736:51290297 4716:(2003). 4706:56759608 4679:43719285 4652:60514050 4417:70698935 4295:44772546 4246:56329119 4224:Copp, T. 4216:12049041 2331:Vat 2003 2106:Panthers 2028:Breville 1974:Cotentin 1925:Bucknall 1918:Analysis 1857:and the 1800:Panthers 1568:Beauvais 1513:Carentan 1502:and the 1442:Bréville 1438:Ranville 1382:Chartres 1337:7th Army 1308:to take 1292:and the 1147:Argentan 933:Jedburgh 856:La Caine 809:Chambois 804:Hill 262 783:Hill 140 777:Totalize 770:Bluecoat 749:Breakout 737:Goodwood 730:Atlantic 724:2nd Odon 648:Bréville 614:Carentan 609:Saint-Lô 599:Graignes 573:Mulberry 556:American 406:Tarbrush 363:Zeppelin 227:Strength 77:Normandy 72:Location 8447:Battles 8437:Windsor 8413:Titanic 8395:Martlet 8389:Mallard 8382:Lüttich 8375:Jupiter 8310:Neptune 8168:Shumshu 7935:Hungary 7882:Estonia 7866:Lapland 7844:Dragoon 7777:Neptune 7759:Ichi-Go 7725:Tempest 7667:Changde 7622:Cottage 7514:Jubilee 7223:Finland 7121:Compass 6827:Prelude 6780:Finland 6666:Vietnam 6632:Romania 6504:Germany 6483:Estonia 6469:Denmark 6448:Belgium 6441:Austria 6434:Albania 6365:Ireland 6351:Andorra 6335:Neutral 6295:Romania 6229:Hungary 6214:Finland 6086:Romania 5978:Finland 5956:Denmark 5902:Belgium 5888:Algeria 5594:Romania 5580:Hungary 5336:Pacific 5060:General 5014:Leaders 4999:Battles 4992:Outline 4927:15 June 4897:14 June 4867:14 June 4444:16 June 4309:(ed.). 1929:Erskine 1872:Typhoon 1735:14 June 1528:Alençon 1490:in the 1425:I Corps 1355:OB West 1261:Prelude 1143:Falaise 1011:I Corps 947:Wallace 940:Dragoon 898:Titanic 891:Samwest 884:Dingson 814:Falaise 791:Lüttich 718:Jupiter 704:Windsor 690:Martlet 684:Douvres 619:Hill 30 568:British 481:Detroit 476:Chicago 451:Mallard 370:Titanic 338:Prelude 157:Germany 90:49°05′N 8407:Spring 8145:Debate 8117:Taipei 8110:Borneo 7688:Tarawa 6875:Europe 6836:Africa 6625:Poland 6611:Norway 6590:Malaya 6569:Latvia 6511:Greece 6497:France 6393:Sweden 6358:Bhutan 6079:Poland 6065:Norway 6037:Mexico 6004:Greece 5990:France 5928:Canada 5909:Brazil 5879:Allies 5825:Serbia 5814:Poland 5587:Poland 5573:Baltic 5366:Europe 5068:Topics 5020:Allied 4918: 4835: 4818: 4808: 4786: 4769: 4759: 4734: 4724: 4704: 4694: 4677: 4667: 4650: 4640: 4623:19 May 4608: 4581: 4562: 4543: 4524: 4502: 4483: 4464: 4437: 4415: 4405: 4386: 4367: 4348: 4331: 4321: 4293: 4283: 4261: 4244: 4234: 4214: 4191: 4169: 4152: 4142: 2112:and 2 1614:Trungy 1524:Amiens 1415:bocage 1399:Battle 1310:Évrecy 1202:Bayeux 1155:Vimont 1077:Allies 1013:for a 991:German 949:& 926:Loyton 905:Cooney 851:Ushant 763:Spring 523:Gambit 486:Elmira 471:Boston 466:Albany 417:Fabius 154: 141: 118:Result 93:0°40′W 81:France 8705:D-Day 8638:Maisy 8591:Pluto 8559:Sword 8535:(US) 8533:Omaha 8454:Brest 8419:Tonga 8401:Perch 8351:Epsom 8339:Cobra 7921:Leyte 7751:Narva 7737:Anzio 7695:Makin 7653:Burma 7537:Torch 7506:Rzhev 7460:Kiska 6546:Korea 6532:Japan 6525:Italy 6407:Tibet 6386:Spain 6257:Italy 6018:Italy 6011:India 5935:China 5810:Japan 5410:Italy 5322:China 5274:Women 4617:(PDF) 4602:(PDF) 4431:(PDF) 2110:Pz IV 2108:, 19 2063:Notes 2024:Sully 1618:Livry 1302:Cagny 999:D-Day 951:Hardy 834:Paris 824:Brest 756:Cobra 697:Epsom 654:Perch 631:Naval 578:Pluto 529:Sword 502:Omaha 432:Tonga 412:Tiger 52:near 8561:(UK) 8553:Juno 8549:(UK) 8547:Gold 8541:(US) 8529:(US) 8527:Utah 8504:(UK) 8492:(UK) 8486:(US) 8474:(US) 8466:Caen 8462:(UK) 8456:(US) 8415:(UK) 8403:(UK) 8397:(UK) 8391:(UK) 8377:(UK) 8371:(UK) 8365:(UK) 8353:(UK) 8347:(UK) 8341:(US) 8329:(UK) 7987:1945 7715:1944 7556:1943 7477:Blue 7467:Attu 7374:1942 7133:1941 6985:1940 6923:1939 6852:Asia 6699:POWs 6539:Jews 6250:Iraq 6176:Axis 6126:Tuva 5942:Cuba 5027:Axis 4929:2014 4916:ISBN 4899:2014 4869:2017 4833:ISBN 4816:OCLC 4806:ISBN 4784:ISBN 4767:OCLC 4757:ISBN 4732:OCLC 4722:ISBN 4702:OCLC 4692:ISBN 4675:OCLC 4665:ISBN 4648:OCLC 4638:ISBN 4625:2014 4606:OCLC 4579:ISBN 4560:ISBN 4541:ISBN 4522:ISBN 4500:ISBN 4481:ISBN 4462:ISBN 4446:2014 4435:OCLC 4413:OCLC 4403:ISBN 4384:ISBN 4365:ISBN 4346:ISBN 4329:OCLC 4319:ISBN 4291:OCLC 4281:ISBN 4259:ISBN 4242:OCLC 4232:ISBN 4212:OCLC 4189:ISBN 4167:ISBN 4150:OCLC 4140:ISBN 2114:StuG 1927:and 1904:and 1798:Two 1762:and 1662:and 1526:and 1452:and 1096:and 1034:Orne 995:Caen 643:Caen 539:Gold 534:Juno 507:Utah 64:Date 1895:on 1840:of 1534:of 1496:Agy 1339:to 8792:: 8288:, 7735:/ 4910:. 4814:. 4765:. 4755:. 4730:. 4700:. 4673:. 4646:. 4411:. 4327:. 4313:. 4289:. 4240:. 4210:. 4148:. 4035:^ 3964:^ 3861:^ 3822:^ 3783:^ 3744:^ 3717:^ 3702:^ 3575:^ 3548:^ 3409:^ 3392:^ 3377:^ 3326:^ 3203:^ 3116:^ 3089:^ 3074:^ 3033:^ 3018:^ 2999:^ 2984:^ 2969:^ 2954:^ 2937:^ 2898:^ 2799:^ 2760:^ 2685:^ 2634:^ 2591:^ 2544:^ 2517:^ 2476:^ 2433:^ 2370:^ 2355:^ 2338:^ 2285:^ 2184:, 2180:, 2176:, 2172:, 2038:. 1861:. 1832:A 1815:c. 1658:A 1570:. 1257:. 1180:, 1079:. 79:, 8520:) 8518:E 8516:→ 8514:W 8277:e 8270:t 8263:v 7231:) 7225:( 6092:) 6088:( 6024:) 6020:( 5984:) 5980:( 5922:) 5918:( 4972:e 4965:t 4958:v 4931:. 4901:. 4871:. 4841:. 4822:. 4792:. 4773:. 4738:. 4708:. 4681:. 4654:. 4627:. 4587:. 4568:. 4549:. 4530:. 4508:. 4489:. 4470:. 4448:. 4419:. 4392:. 4373:. 4354:. 4335:. 4297:. 4267:. 4248:. 4218:. 4197:. 4175:. 4156:. 1494:– 1243:( 315:e 308:t 301:v

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index