IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry

1897: 199: 1518: 2205: 1579: 1455: 4407: 898: 893: 807: 802: 1069: 1879: 1187: 1122: 36: 1832: 1319: 866: 1788: 1678: 2244: 1375: 915: 1021: 2110: 1968: 1861: 1222: 884:(neopentane) is named 2,2-dimethylpropane. If there are different groups, they are added in alphabetical order, separated by commas or hyphens. The longest possible main alkane chain is used; therefore 3-ethyl-4-methylhexane instead of 2,3-diethylpentane, even though these describe equivalent structures. The di-, tri- etc. prefixes are ignored for the purpose of alphabetical ordering of 2215:) are named by adding the suffix "-nitrile" to the longest hydrocarbon chain (including the carbon of the cyano group). It can also be named by replacing the "-oic acid" of their corresponding carboxylic acids with "-carbonitrile." The prefix form is "cyano-." Functional class IUPAC nomenclature may also be used in the form of alkyl cyanides. For example, 391:, the number will be written twice. Example: 2,2,3-trimethyl- . If there are both double bonds and triple bonds, "en" (double bond) is written before "yne" (triple bond). When the main functional group is a terminal functional group (a group which can exist only at the end of a chain, like formyl and carboxyl groups), there is no need to number it. 2318:

When compounds contain more than one functional group, the order of precedence determines which groups are named with prefix or suffix forms. The table below shows common groups in decreasing order of precedence. The highest-precedence group takes the suffix, with all others taking the prefix form.

426:

where each "#" represents a number. The group secondary functional groups and side chains may not look the same as shown here, as the side chains and secondary functional groups are arranged alphabetically. The di- and tri- have been used just to show their usage. (di- after #,#, tri- after #,#,#,

345:

di-, tri-, etc. are not taken into consideration for grouping alphabetically. For example, ethyl comes before dihydroxy or dimethyl, as the "e" in "ethyl" precedes the "h" in "dihydroxy" and the "m" in "dimethyl" alphabetically. The "di" is not considered in either case). When both side chains and

472:

The numbering of the molecule is based on the ketone groups. When numbering from left to right, the ketone groups are numbered 3 and 9. When numbering from right to left, the ketone groups are numbered 15 and 21. 3 is less than 15, therefore the ketones are numbered 3 and 9. The smaller number is

352:

Numbering of the chain. This is done by first numbering the chain in both directions (left to right and right to left), and then choosing the numbering which follows these rules, in order of precedence. Not every rule will apply to every compound, rules can be skipped if they do not apply.

175:

To avoid long and tedious names in normal communication, the official IUPAC naming recommendations are not always followed in practice, except when it is necessary to give an unambiguous and absolute definition to a compound. IUPAC names can sometimes be simpler than older names, as with

422:#,#-di<side chain>-#-<secondary functional group>-#-<side chain>-#,#,#-tri<secondary functional group><parent chain prefix><If all bonds are single bonds, use "ane">-#,#-di<double bonds>-#-<triple bonds>-#-<primary functional group> 316:

It should have the maximum number of substituents of the suffix functional group. By suffix, it is meant that the parent functional group should have a suffix, unlike halogen substituents. If more than one functional group is present, the one with highest group precedence should be

382:

Numbering of the various substituents and bonds with their locants. If there is more than one of the same type of substituent/double bond, a prefix is added showing how many there are (di – 2, tri – 3, tetra – 4, then as for the number of carbons below with 'a' added at the

839:

be used, it is easier and more logical to call it simply methylpropane – the methyl group could not possibly occur on any of the other carbon atoms (that would lengthen the chain and result in butane, not propane) and therefore the use of the number "2" is unnecessary.

1083:

functional groups are prefixed with the bonding position and take the form of fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, iodo-, etc., depending on the halogen. Multiple groups are dichloro-, trichloro-, etc., and dissimilar groups are ordered alphabetically as before. For example,

501:

There are two double bonds: one between carbons 6 and 7, and one between carbons 13 and 14. They would be called "6,13-diene", but the presence of alkynes switches it to 6,13-dien. There is one triple bond between carbon atoms 19 and 20. It will be called

1232:) consist of an oxygen atom between the two attached carbon chains. The shorter of the two chains becomes the first part of the name with the -ane suffix changed to -oxy, and the longer alkane chain becomes the suffix of the name of the ether. Thus, 395:

Arrangement in this form: Group of side chains and secondary functional groups with numbers made in step 6 + prefix of parent hydrocarbon chain (eth, meth) + double/triple bonds with numbers (or "ane") + primary functional group suffix with

498:

The secondary functional groups are: a hydroxy- at carbon 5, a chloro- at carbon 11, a methoxy- at carbon 15, and a bromo- at carbon 18. Grouped with the side chains, this gives 18-bromo-12-butyl-11-chloro-4,8-diethyl-5-hydroxy-15-methoxy.

4366:

The above cations except for methanium are not, strictly speaking, organic, since they do not contain carbon. However, many organic cations are obtained by substituting another element or some functional group for a hydrogen.

376:

Has the lowest-numbered locants for substituents in order of citation (for example: in a cyclic ring with only bromine and chlorine functional groups, alphabetically bromo- is cited before chloro- and would receive the lower

1266:

ethoxymethane). If the oxygen is not attached to the end of the main alkane chain, then the whole shorter alkyl-plus-ether group is treated as a side-chain and prefixed with its bonding position on the main chain. Thus

363:

Has the lowest-numbered locants for the indicated hydrogen. The indicated hydrogen is for some unsaturated heterocyclic compounds. It refers to the hydrogen atoms not attached to atoms with double bonds in the ring

184:

is often substantially shorter and clearer, and so preferred. These non-systematic names are often derived from an original source of the compound. Also, very long names may be less clear than structural formulas.

4370:

The name of each substitution is prefixed to the hydride cation name. If many substitutions by the same functional group occur, then the number is indicated by prefixing with "di-", "tri-" as with halogenation.

872:

If there are multiple side-branches of the same size alkyl group, their positions are separated by commas and the group prefixed with multiplier prefixes depending on the number of branches. For example,

493:

The side chains are grouped like this: 12-butyl-4,8-diethyl. (But this is not necessarily the final grouping, as functional groups may be added in between to ensure all groups are listed alphabetically.)

449: 439: 2299:

forms, are 1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,3-dimethylbenzene, and 1,4-dimethylbenzene. The cyclic structures can also be treated as functional groups themselves, in which case they take the prefix "cyclo

843:

If there is ambiguity in the position of the substituent, depending on which end of the alkane chain is counted as "1", then numbering is chosen so that the smaller number is used. For example,

210:. The reason given is: According to current nomenclature, rings are senior to chains and chain length is senior to number of multiple bonds, the list should be revisited and updated as a whole. 4670:

A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds: Recommendations 1993 (including revisions, published and hitherto unpublished, to the 1979 edition of Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry)

2263:

compounds can be treated as the main parent chain of the compound, in which case the positions of substituents are numbered around the ring structure. For example, the three isomers of

2306:

The IUPAC nomenclature scheme becomes rapidly more elaborate for more complex cyclic structures, with notation for compounds containing conjoined rings, and many common names such as

2033:), the longest carbon chain attached to the nitrogen atom becomes the primary name of the amine; the other chain is prefixed as an alkyl group with location prefix given as an italic 180:, instead of ethyl alcohol. For relatively simple molecules they can be more easily understood than non-systematic names, which must be learnt or looked over. However, the common or 4770:

A free web site/service that extracts IUPAC names from web pages and annotates a 'chemicalized' version with structure images. Structures from annotated pages can also be searched.

1333:". If other functional groups are present, the chain is numbered such that the aldehyde carbon is in the "1" position, unless functional groups of higher precedence are present. 4321:

If the cationic center of the hydride is not a halogen, chalcogen or pnictogen then the suffix "-ium" is added to the name of the neutral hydride after dropping any final 'e'.

2326:

fluorochloromethane. If there are multiple functional groups of the same type, either prefixed or suffixed, the position numbers are ordered numerically (thus ethane-1,2-diol,

370:

Has the lowest-numbered locants for multiple bonds ('ene', 'yne'), and hydro prefixes. (The locant of a multiple bond is the number of the adjacent carbon with a lower number).

835:, is treated as a propane chain with a methyl group bonded to the middle (2) carbon, and given the systematic name 2-methylpropane. However, although the name 2-methylpropane 3080:: These suffixes, in which the carbon atom is counted as part of the preceding chain, are the most commonly used. See individual functional group articles for more details. 4823: 4430: 1907:) have two acyl groups linked by an oxygen atom. If both acyl groups are the same, then the name of the carboxylic acid with the word acid is replaced with the word 387:

The numbers for that type of side chain will be grouped in ascending order and written before the name of the side-chain. If there are two side-chains with the same

53: 3092:

Common nomenclature uses the older names for some organic compounds instead of using the prefixes for the carbon skeleton above. The pattern can be seen below.

512:, we have to specify the relative orientation of functional groups around each double bond. For this example, both double bonds are trans isomers, so we have (6 2144:

Amides that have additional substituents on the nitrogen are treated similarly to the case of amines: they are ordered alphabetically with the location prefix

1285:

Alternatively, an ether chain can be named as an alkane in which one carbon is replaced by an oxygen, a replacement denoted by the prefix "oxa". For example,

4660: 2123:) take the suffix "-amide", or "-carboxamide" if the carbon in the amide group cannot be included in the main chain. The prefix form is "carbamoyl-". e.g., 4920: 2454: 445:

For simplicity, here is an image of the same molecule, where the hydrogens in the parent chain are removed and the carbons are shown by their numbers:

100: 4661: 147: 72: 2946: 816:

groups. They are prefixed with a number indicating the carbon the group is attached to, counting from the end of the alkane chain. For example,

4264:

is a generic term for hydrogen cation; protons, deuterons and tritons are all hydrons. The hydrons are not found in heavier isotopes, however.

2936: 79: 4513:. Henri A. Favre, Warren H. Powell, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Cambridge, England: Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. 1911:

and the IUPAC name consists of two words. If the acyl groups are different, then they are named in alphabetical order in the same way, with

4864: 86: 1360:

is cyclohexanecarbaldehyde. If an aldehyde is attached to a benzene and is the main functional group, the suffix becomes benzaldehyde.

4460: 2787: 999: 505:

The arrangement (with punctuation) is: 18-bromo-12-butyl-11-chloro-4,8-diethyl-5-hydroxy-15-methoxytricosa-6,13-dien-19-yne-3,9-dione

169: 324:

Identification of the side-chains. Side chains are the carbon chains that are not in the parent chain, but are branched off from it.

68: 1344:

is 3-oxopropanoic acid. If the carbon in the carbonyl group cannot be included in the attached chain (for instance in the case of

4758: 1875:

is ethanoyl chloride. An alternate suffix is "-carbonyl halide" as opposed to "-oyl halide". The prefix form is "halocarbonyl-".

1838:

Acyl groups are named by stripping the "-ic acid" of the corresponding carboxylic acid and replacing it with "-yl." For example,

1503:

in IUPAC nomenclature, though systematic names like ethanoic acid are also used. Carboxylic acids attached to a benzene ring are

4746: 1817:

may be called butan-2-yl propanoate or butan-2-yl propionate.. The prefix form is "oxycarbonyl-" with the (R') group preceding.

940:

is but-1-ene. Multiple double bonds take the form -diene, -triene, etc., with the size prefix of the chain taking an extra "a":

346:

secondary functional groups are present, they should be written mixed together in one group rather than in two separate groups.

272:

For cyclic systems: Identification of the parent cyclic ring. The cyclic system must obey these rules, in order of precedence:

2322:

Prefixed substituents are ordered alphabetically (excluding any modifiers such as di-, tri-, etc.), e.g. chlorofluoromethane,

296:

For chains: Identification of the parent hydrocarbon chain. This chain must obey the following rules, in order of precedence:

4714: 4518: 1304:

could be called oxacyclopropane. This method is especially useful when both groups attached to the oxygen atom are complex.

1794:

If the alkyl group is not attached at the end of the chain, the bond position to the ester group is suffixed before "-yl":

17: 1605:) is derived from that of the parent acid by replacing the "–oic acid" ending with "–oate" or "carboxylate." For example, 398:

Wherever it says "with numbers", it is understood that between the word and the numbers, the prefix (di-, tri-) is used.

327:

Identification of the remaining functional groups, if any, and naming them by their ionic prefixes (such as hydroxy for

1336:

If a prefix form is required, "oxo-" is used (as for ketones), with the position number indicating the end of a chain:

1692:

part is then named as a separate word based on the carboxylic acid name, with the ending changed from "-oic acid" to "

925:" and a numerical root indicating the position of the carbon with the lower number for each double bond in the chain: 558:" and are prefixed depending on the number of carbon atoms in the chain, following standard rules. The first few are: 4681: 4673: 4489: 1048: 152: 119: 93: 4830: 4425: 1495:) is named 2-hydroxypropanoic acid with no "1" stated. Some traditional names for common carboxylic acids (such as 360:(or locants) for heteroatoms. Locants are the numbers on the carbons to which the substituent is directly attached. 4857: 4440: 3084:

The order of remaining functional groups is only needed for substituted benzene and hence is not mentioned here.

1483:

functional group must take the "1" position on the main chain and so the locant need not be stated. For example,

1780:) or dimethyl phthalate that are based on common acids, IUPAC recommends use of these established names, called 1500: 4956: 4740: 57: 1548:

is benzenehexacarboxylic acid, for example. In the latter case, the carbon atoms in the carboxyl groups do

4606:

Hellwich, Karl-Heinz; Hartshorn, Richard M.; Yerin, Andrey; Damhus, Ture; Hutton, Alan T. (1 March 2020).

4761:– ChemAxon IUPAC (& traditional) name to structure and structure to IUPAC name software. As used at 4306:

is oxonium, and H2F+ is fluoronium. Ammonium was adopted instead of nitronium, which commonly refers to

1578: 4966: 4850: 4706: 4647: 4542: 4445: 2319:

However, double and triple bonds only take suffix form (-en and -yn) and are used with other suffixes.

1784:. The "-oate" changes to "-ate." Some simple examples, named both ways, are shown in the figure above. 342: 4935: 407:

Hyphens are put between a number and a letter (2 5 5 trimethylheptane becomes 2,5,5-trimethylheptane)

4607: 269:

Identification of the parent compound. Rings are senior to chains if composed of the same elements.

4479: 266:

Identification of the ring or chain with the most senior elements (In order: N, P, Si, B, O, S, C).

2251: 532:)-18-bromo-12-butyl-11-chloro-4,8-diethyl-5-hydroxy-15-methoxytricosa-6,13-dien-19-yne-3,9-dione. 4455: 952: 341:

Different side-chains and functional groups will be grouped together in alphabetical order. (The

46: 4420: 4194: 2562: 1896: 1891: 1688:) are named as alkyl derivatives of carboxylic acids. The alkyl (R') group is named first. The 1552:

count as being part of the main chain, a rule that also applies to the prefix form "carboxy-".

1525:

If there are multiple carboxyl groups on the same parent chain, multiplying prefixes are used:

478:

The side chains are: an ethyl- at carbon 4, an ethyl- at carbon 8, and a butyl- at carbon 12.

4435: 135: 1544:

can be used in place of "oic acid", combined with a multiplying prefix if necessary –

897: 892: 806: 801: 4741:

IUPAC Recommendations on Organic & Biochemical Nomenclature, Symbols, Terminology, etc.

4665: 4450: 4206: 1781: 230: 1636:), is called sodium benzoate. Where an acid has both a systematic and a common name (like 8: 4783: 2849: 2445: 955: 509: 212:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

4961: 4807: 4536: 4507:

Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013

4505: 4279: 4261: 448: 165: 1867:

Simply add the name of the attached halide to the end of the acyl group. For example,

410:

Successive words are merged into one word (trimethyl heptane becomes trimethylheptane)

305:

It should have the maximum number of senior heteroatoms (in order: O, S, N, P, Si, B).

291:

It should have the maximum number of senior heteroatoms (in order: O, S, N, P, Si, B).

4915: 4874: 4812: 4752: 4710: 4677: 4629: 4581: 4524: 4514: 4485: 2291: 1660: 1504: 1420:

is pentan-2-one. If a higher precedence suffix is in use, the prefix "oxo-" is used:

161: 4775: 438: 4910: 4905: 4895: 4802: 4792: 4664:

Organic Chemistry Division Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (1995).

4619: 4412: 2372: 2367: 1586: 1517: 1449: 1003: 253: 242: 143: 2204: 1601:

in both IUPAC and common nomenclature systems. The name of the carboxylate anion (

4930: 4734: 4703:

Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013

4273: 4222: 2440: 1598: 1345: 1169: 1036: 4842: 412:

Note: IUPAC uses one-word names throughout. This is why all parts are connected.

4824:

American Chemical Society, Committee on Nomenclature, Terminology & Symbols

4608:"Brief guide to the nomenclature of organic chemistry (IUPAC Technical Report)" 4556: 4199: 4168: 1472: 750: 746: 738: 726: 551: 157: 4776:"Improving the Quality of Published Chemical Names with Nomenclature Software" 2095:-methylpropanamine. Again, the substituent groups are ordered alphabetically. 4950: 4890: 4730: 4633: 4528: 4480:

The Commission on the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry Varun kedia (1971) .

2940: 2926: 2468: 2463: 1766: 1747: 1648:

and as ethanoic acid), its salts can be named from either parent name. Thus,

1545: 1259: 734: 487:

at carbon atom 15 is not a side chain, but it is a methoxy functional group.

469:

The groups are on carbon atoms 3 and 9. As there are two, we write 3,9-dione.

466:

The functional groups with the highest precedence are the two ketone groups.

263:

Identification of the ring or chain with the maximum number of senior groups.

4925: 4816: 4238: 4233: 4189: 4184: 2732: 2572: 1621: 1526: 1476: 742: 388: 181: 4624: 1981:) are named for the attached alkane chain with the suffix "-amine" (e.g., 4885: 2256: 1855: 1645: 1573: 1553: 1496: 1492: 790: 760: 460: 1540:, is systematically named propanedioic acid. Alternatively, the suffix 1454: 2777: 2687: 1826: 1092: 1059: 885: 373:

Has the lowest-numbered locants for all substituents cited by prefixes.

276: 490:

There are two ethyl- groups. They are combined to create, 4,8-diethyl.

4832:

Principles of Chemical Nomenclature. A Guide to IUPAC Recommendations

4797: 4287: 4283: 3020: 1467: 1313: 1096: 1063: 1032: 888:(e.g. 3-ethyl-2,4-dimethylpentane, not 2,4-dimethyl-3-ethylpentane). 832: 4668:. In Panico, Robert; Powell, Warren H.; Richer, Jean-Claude (eds.). 4205:

The first three of the names shown above are still considered to be

812:

Branched alkanes are named as a straight-chain alkane with attached

35: 4218: 2931: 2864: 2727: 2394: 2260: 1480: 1116: 1068: 754: 730: 1878: 1199:, below), the prefix "hydroxy" is used with the bonding position: 1186: 1121: 986:

descriptors. It is IUPAC convention to describe all alkenes using

4179: 2859: 2682: 2587: 2334:

position indicator for amines and amides comes before "1", e.g.,

2199: 1831: 1369: 1318: 1301: 1080: 921:

Alkenes are named for their parent alkane chain with the suffix "

865: 313:

It should have the maximum number of multiple, then double bonds.

177: 1787: 1677: 367:

Has the lowest-numbered locants for the suffix functional group.

4290:

are named by adding the suffix "-onium" to the element's root:

4156: 2782: 2772: 2388: 2307: 2264: 2243: 1672: 1663:

or as potassium ethanoate. The prefix form, is "carboxylato-".

1590: 1509: 1374: 1348:), the prefix "formyl-" or the suffix "-carbaldehyde" is used: 1216: 1020: 1015: 914: 909: 794: 775: 722: 546: 357: 2310:

being accepted as base names for compounds derived from them.

2109: 1992:

methanamine). If necessary, the bonding position is suffixed:

1967: 1860: 1221: 4767: 4762: 4747:

Bibliography of IUPAC Recommendations on Organic Nomenclature

4160: 3015: 3010: 2854: 2582: 2577: 2567: 2104: 1962: 1693: 1594: 813: 238: 234: 4605: 435:

Here is a sample molecule with the parent carbons numbered:

4164: 1390: 1136:" with a numerical suffix indicating the bonding position: 1028: 922: 555: 1027:

Alkynes are named using the same system, with the suffix "

862:(isopentane) is named 2-methylbutane, not 3-methylbutane. 749:

numeric prefix, with the exceptions of nonane which has a

252:

Identification of the most senior group. If more than one

4561:

IUPAC | International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

4431:

International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

4250: 1330: 1133: 1049:

Functional group § Table of common functional groups

1193:

If higher precedence functional groups are present (see

4484:(3rd edition combined ed.). London: Butterworths. 4229:

and changing the suffix from -ic or -oic to -aldehyde.

4829:

Leigh, G. J.; Favre, H. A.; Metanomski, W. V. (1998).

4249:

The IUPAC nomenclature also provides rules for naming

3087: 4221:

is derived from the common name of the corresponding

1919:

and IUPAC name consists of three words. For example,

473:

always used, not the sum of the constituents numbers.

4828: 4402: 404:

Commas are put between numbers (2 5 5 becomes 2,5,5)

310:

For cyclic systems and chains after previous rules:

2303:-" (e.g. "cyclohexyl-") or for benzene, "phenyl-". 60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1589:of carboxylic acids are named following the usual 241:are used to describe the type and position of the 4872: 4743:(includes IUBMB Recommendations for biochemistry) 4733:(online version of several older editions of the 4666:"Table 28(a): Carboxylic acids and related group" 4662:International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry 1195: 302:It should have the maximum number of heteroatoms. 288:It should have the maximum number of heteroatoms. 257: 148:International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry 4948: 1746:is ethyl 4-methylpentanoate. For esters such as 763:are simply prefixed with "cyclo-": for example, 4755:Software for generating systematic nomenclature 2313: 248:The steps for naming an organic compound are: 4858: 2026:propan-2-amine. The prefix form is "amino-". 1053: 164:should have a name from which an unambiguous 1107:) is 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane. 463:chain has 23 carbons. It is called tricosa-. 4701:Favre, Henri A.; Powell, Warren H. (2013). 4700: 4361: 2235:is called pentanenitrile or butyl cyanide. 1556:serves as an example: it is formally named 1514:) and are named as one of its derivatives. 1499:) are in such widespread use that they are 725:. The names of the first four alkanes were 285:It should have the maximum number of atoms. 282:It should have the maximum number of rings. 4865: 4851: 745:, respectively. The rest are named with a 4806: 4796: 4623: 4461:IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry 4336:is dioxidanium (HO-OH is dioxidane), and 4267: 1558:2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid 1300:could also be called 2-oxabutane, and an 170:IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 69:"IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry" 2203: 1895: 1877: 1859: 1830: 1516: 774:is cyclobutane (not to be confused with 4731:IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry 4582:"Brief Guide to Inorganic Nomenclature" 4171:as separate words followed by the word 140:IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry 14: 4949: 1644:, for example, which is known as both 1095:) is trichloromethane. The anesthetic 349:Identification of double/triple bonds. 4846: 4773: 2252:Bicyclic molecule § Nomenclature 2056:-methylethanamine. Tertiary amines ( 1562:3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid 1042: 1031:" indicating a triple bond: ethyne ( 702:methane, and the nine-carbon alkane 695:For example, the simplest alkane is 192: 58:adding citations to reliable sources 29: 3088:Common nomenclature – trivial names 2238: 1443: 1401:) with a suffixed position number: 757:which has mixed-language prefixes. 256:, if any, is present, the one with 188: 160:). Ideally, every possible organic 24: 4648:"Basic IUPAC Organic Nomenclature" 4278:Simple cations formed by adding a 2242: 2108: 2029:For secondary amines (of the form 1966: 1885: 1786: 1676: 1577: 1453: 1373: 1317: 1220: 1185: 1120: 1067: 1019: 913: 864: 447: 437: 299:It should have the maximum length. 25: 4978: 4724: 4674:Blackwell Scientific Publications 4482:Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry 4159:can be derived by naming the two 1696:" or "-carboxylate" For example, 1000:Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules 958:may be indicated with a prefixed 168:can be created. There is also an 153:Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry 27:Nomenclature of organic compounds 4759:ChemAxon Name <> Structure 4405: 896: 891: 805: 800: 455:Now, following the above steps: 197: 150:(IUPAC). It is published in the 34: 4694: 4441:Organic nomenclature in Chinese 1849: 1567: 1075:In haloalkanes and haloarenes ( 535: 418:The resulting name appears as: 275:It should have the most senior 45:needs additional citations for 4654: 4640: 4599: 4574: 4549: 4498: 4473: 4212: 3545: 1820: 1461:In general, carboxylic acids ( 1164:, etc., are used for multiple 279:(in order: N, O, S, P, Si, B). 13: 1: 4466: 1152:is propan-1-ol. The suffixes 890: 799: 4749:(last updated 11 April 2003) 4426:Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature 4395:is trifluoromethylammonium. 4150: 2314:Order of precedence of group 1951:ethanoic propanoic anhydride 1582:formula of a carboxylate ion 1465:) are named with the suffix 1307: 1207:is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid. 564:Number of carbons 7: 4398: 4282:to a hydride of a halogen, 2558:Carboxylic acid derivatives 2193: 1110: 10: 4983: 4707:Royal Society of Chemistry 4612:Pure and Applied Chemistry 4271: 3540:The same pattern continues 3538: 2249: 2197: 2102: 1960: 1889: 1853: 1824: 1719:is methyl pentanoate, and 1670: 1571: 1479:). As with aldehydes, the 1447: 1367: 1363: 1311: 1214: 1114: 1057: 1054:Haloalkanes and haloarenes 1046: 1013: 1009: 951:is buta-1,3-diene. Simple 907: 903: 544: 540: 430: 229:In chemistry, a number of 144:organic chemical compounds 4936:List of organic compounds 4881: 4774:Eller, Gernot A. (2006). 4256: 2098: 2060:) are treated similarly: 1956: 1666: 1210: 793:(not to be confused with 554:alkanes take the suffix " 206:This article needs to be 4672:(2nd ed.). Oxford: 4362:Cations and substitution 2358:,2-dimethylpropanamine. 356:Has the lowest-numbered 258:highest group precedence 4456:Von Baeyer nomenclature 4244: 4217:The common name for an 1243:is methoxymethane, and 401:Adding of punctuation: 156:(informally called the 4541:: CS1 maint: others ( 4421:Descriptor (chemistry) 4268:Parent hydride cations 4207:acceptable IUPAC names 4195:Ethyl isopropyl ketone 2330:ethane-2,1-diol.) The 2247: 2208: 2167:-dimethylmethanamide, 2113: 1971: 1900: 1892:Organic acid anhydride 1882: 1864: 1846:is called ethanoyl-R. 1835: 1791: 1681: 1583: 1522: 1458: 1378: 1322: 1225: 1190: 1125: 1072: 1024: 918: 869: 452: 442: 146:as recommended by the 142:is a method of naming 4957:Chemical nomenclature 4625:10.1515/pac-2019-0104 4436:Nucleic acid notation 4383:is trimethyloxonium. 4225:by dropping the word 4167:groups bonded to the 2246: 2207: 2112: 1970: 1899: 1881: 1863: 1834: 1790: 1680: 1620:, the sodium salt of 1597:conventions used for 1581: 1520: 1457: 1377: 1321: 1282:is 2-methoxypropane. 1224: 1189: 1124: 1071: 1023: 974:-but-2-ene. However, 917: 868: 451: 441: 136:chemical nomenclature 4451:Preferred IUPAC name 2190:-dimethylethanamide. 1381:In general ketones ( 1183:is ethane-1,2-diol. 998:(opposite) with the 831:, commonly known as 524:The final name is (6 54:improve this article 18:Organic nomenclature 1389:) take the suffix " 1329:) take the suffix " 1196:order of precedence 1132:) take the suffix " 510:cis-trans isomerism 343:multiplier prefixes 3184:ic acid (vinegar) 2248: 2209: 2114: 1972: 1932:ethanoic anhydride 1901: 1883: 1865: 1836: 1792: 1682: 1584: 1542:"-carboxylic acid" 1523: 1505:structural analogs 1471:(etymologically a 1459: 1379: 1323: 1226: 1191: 1126: 1073: 1025: 919: 870: 453: 443: 166:structural formula 4967:Organic chemistry 4944: 4943: 4916:Organic synthesis 4911:Organic reactions 4906:Organic compounds 4896:Functional groups 4875:organic chemistry 4716:978-0-85404-182-4 4520:978-1-84973-306-9 4155:Common names for 4148: 4147: 3081: 3073: 3072: 2657:-R-oic anhydride 2513:sulfanylcarbonyl- 1905:R−C(=O)−O−C(=O)−R 1903:Acid anhydrides ( 1661:potassium acetate 1507:of benzoic acid ( 1440:is 3-oxohexanal. 1043:Functional groups 693: 692: 245:in the compound. 243:functional groups 227: 226: 130: 129: 122: 104: 16:(Redirected from 4974: 4891:Covalent bonding 4867: 4860: 4853: 4844: 4843: 4839: 4837: 4820: 4810: 4800: 4798:10.3390/11110915 4780: 4720: 4688: 4687: 4658: 4652: 4651: 4644: 4638: 4637: 4627: 4603: 4597: 4596: 4594: 4592: 4586:iupac.qmul.ac.uk 4578: 4572: 4571: 4569: 4567: 4553: 4547: 4546: 4540: 4532: 4512: 4502: 4496: 4495: 4477: 4415: 4413:Chemistry portal 4410: 4409: 4408: 4394: 4382: 4357: 4346: 4335: 4328: 4317: 4316: 4315: 4312: 4305: 4297: 3095: 3094: 3075: 3045: 3037: 3032: 2979:hydroxysulfanyl- 2968: 2963: 2958: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2746: 2741: 2701: 2696: 2630: 2622: 2617: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2516:selanylcarbonyl- 2505: 2496: 2487: 2482: 2477: 2441:Carboxylic acids 2414: 2413: 2412: 2409: 2368:Functional group 2361: 2360: 2353: 2284: 2239:Cyclic compounds 2234: 2214: 2181: 2158: 2140: 2129: 2122: 2086: 2059: 2051: 2032: 2025: 2011:propan-1-amine, 2010: 1991: 1980: 1948: 1929: 1906: 1874: 1845: 1816: 1779: 1764: 1745: 1718: 1691: 1687: 1659:can be named as 1658: 1643: 1635: 1619: 1604: 1563: 1559: 1543: 1539: 1513: 1490: 1464: 1450:Carboxylic acids 1444:Carboxylic acids 1439: 1419: 1388: 1359: 1346:cyclic aldehydes 1343: 1328: 1299: 1281: 1257: 1242: 1231: 1206: 1182: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1131: 1106: 1090: 1078: 994:(same side) and 950: 939: 900: 895: 883: 861: 830: 809: 804: 788: 773: 720: 701: 561: 560: 508:Finally, due to 486: 338: 335:, oxyalkane for 334: 330: 254:functional group 222: 219: 213: 201: 200: 193: 189:Basic principles 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 38: 30: 21: 4982: 4981: 4977: 4976: 4975: 4973: 4972: 4971: 4947: 4946: 4945: 4940: 4931:Stereochemistry 4877: 4871: 4835: 4791:(11): 915–928. 4778: 4768:chemicalize.org 4763:chemicalize.org 4735:IUPAC Blue Book 4727: 4717: 4697: 4692: 4691: 4684: 4659: 4655: 4646: 4645: 4641: 4604: 4600: 4590: 4588: 4580: 4579: 4575: 4565: 4563: 4555: 4554: 4550: 4534: 4533: 4521: 4510: 4504: 4503: 4499: 4492: 4478: 4474: 4469: 4411: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4392: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4364: 4356: 4352: 4348: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4313: 4310: 4309: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4291: 4276: 4274:Onium compounds 4270: 4259: 4247: 4223:carboxylic acid 4215: 4153: 3651: 3172:(grain alcohol) 3171: 3140: 3124: 3119: 3114: 3109: 3104: 3099: 3090: 3044: 3040: 3035: 3031: 3027: 2987: 2973: 2966: 2961: 2956: 2953: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2794: 2744: 2739: 2699: 2694: 2656: 2635: 2629: 2625: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2596: 2503: 2499: 2494: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2410: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2401: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2316: 2285:, commonly the 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2254: 2241: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2202: 2196: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2128: 2124: 2121: 2117: 2107: 2101: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2030: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1979: 1975: 1965: 1959: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1904: 1894: 1888: 1886:Acid anhydrides 1872: 1868: 1858: 1852: 1843: 1839: 1829: 1823: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1689: 1685: 1675: 1669: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1599:ionic compounds 1576: 1570: 1561: 1557: 1541: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1508: 1488: 1484: 1462: 1452: 1446: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1386: 1382: 1372: 1366: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1341: 1337: 1326: 1316: 1310: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1219: 1213: 1204: 1200: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1170:Ethylene glycol 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1129: 1119: 1113: 1104: 1100: 1089: 1085: 1076: 1066: 1058:Main articles: 1056: 1051: 1045: 1037:methylacetylene 1018: 1012: 990:descriptors of 949: 945: 941: 938: 934: 930: 926: 912: 906: 901: 882: 878: 874: 860: 856: 852: 848: 844: 829: 825: 821: 817: 810: 787: 783: 779: 772: 768: 764: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 700: 696: 549: 543: 538: 485: 481: 479: 433: 411: 397: 340: 336: 332: 328: 260:should be used. 223: 217: 214: 211: 202: 198: 191: 126: 115: 109: 106: 63: 61: 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4980: 4970: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4882: 4879: 4878: 4870: 4869: 4862: 4855: 4847: 4841: 4840: 4826: 4821: 4771: 4765: 4756: 4750: 4744: 4738: 4726: 4725:External links 4723: 4722: 4721: 4715: 4696: 4693: 4690: 4689: 4682: 4653: 4639: 4618:(3): 527–539. 4598: 4573: 4548: 4519: 4497: 4490: 4471: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4464: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4417: 4416: 4400: 4397: 4390: 4386: 4378: 4374: 4363: 4360: 4354: 4350: 4347:is diazanium ( 4343: 4339: 4332: 4329:is methanium, 4324: 4301: 4293: 4269: 4266: 4258: 4255: 4246: 4243: 4242: 4241: 4236: 4214: 4211: 4203: 4202: 4200:Diethyl ketone 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4169:carbonyl group 4152: 4149: 4146: 4145: 4142: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4129: 4128: 4125: 4122: 4119: 4116: 4112: 4111: 4108: 4105: 4102: 4099: 4095: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4085: 4084:Heptatriacont- 4082: 4078: 4077: 4074: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4061: 4060: 4054: 4051: 4048: 4047:Pentatriacont- 4045: 4041: 4040: 4034: 4031: 4025: 4024:Tetratriacont- 4022: 4018: 4017: 4011: 4008: 4002: 3999: 3995: 3994: 3988: 3985: 3979: 3976: 3972: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3955: 3954: 3948: 3945: 3939: 3936: 3932: 3931: 3928: 3925: 3922: 3919: 3915: 3914: 3908: 3905: 3899: 3896: 3892: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3882: 3879: 3875: 3874: 3868: 3865: 3859: 3856: 3852: 3851: 3848: 3845: 3842: 3839: 3835: 3834: 3828: 3825: 3819: 3816: 3812: 3811: 3808: 3805: 3802: 3799: 3795: 3794: 3788: 3785: 3779: 3776: 3772: 3771: 3768: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3755: 3754: 3748: 3745: 3739: 3736: 3732: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3715: 3714: 3708: 3702: 3696: 3693: 3689: 3688: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3673: 3669: 3668: 3662: 3656: 3645: 3642: 3638: 3637: 3634: 3631: 3628: 3625: 3621: 3620: 3614: 3608: 3602: 3599: 3595: 3594: 3591: 3588: 3585: 3582: 3578: 3577: 3571: 3565: 3559: 3556: 3552: 3551: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3521: 3520: 3496: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3475: 3471: 3470: 3460:•Pentyl propyl 3449:•Heptyl methyl 3446: 3440: 3434: 3428: 3425: 3421: 3420: 3402: 3396: 3390: 3384: 3381: 3377: 3376: 3361:•Methyl pentyl 3358: 3352: 3346: 3340: 3337: 3333: 3332: 3320: 3314: 3308: 3302: 3299: 3295: 3294: 3285:•Methyl propyl 3282: 3276: 3270: 3264: 3261: 3257: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3232: 3229: 3225: 3224: 3214: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3193: 3189: 3188: 3185: 3179: 3173: 3165: 3162: 3158: 3157: 3154: 3148: 3142: 3141:(wood alcohol) 3134: 3131: 3127: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3111: 3106: 3101: 3089: 3086: 3071: 3070: 3069: 3068: 3065: 3059: 3058: 3057: 3054: 3048: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3029: 3025: 3024: 3023: 3018: 3008: 3004: 3003: 3002: 3001: 3000:-dithioperoxol 2998: 2991: 2985: 2984: 2983: 2980: 2977: 2971: 2970: 2969: 2964: 2959: 2951: 2950: 2949: 2947:Dithioperoxols 2944: 2934: 2927:Hydroperoxides 2924: 2920: 2919: 2918: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2905: 2904: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2891: 2890: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2869: 2868: 2867: 2862: 2857: 2847: 2843: 2842: 2841: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2828: 2827: 2826: 2825:tellanylidene- 2823: 2820: 2819:sulfanylidene- 2814: 2813: 2812: 2807: 2802: 2792: 2791: 2790: 2785: 2780: 2770: 2766: 2765: 2764: 2763: 2757: 2756: 2755: 2749: 2748: 2747: 2737: 2736: 2735: 2725: 2721: 2720: 2719: 2718: 2712: 2711: 2710: 2704: 2703: 2702: 2692: 2691: 2690: 2680: 2676: 2675: 2674: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2654: 2653: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2639:R-oxycarbonyl- 2633: 2632: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2605: 2594: 2593: 2592: 2591: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2570: 2563:Acid anhydride 2555: 2551: 2550: 2549: 2548: 2547:-sulfinic acid 2545: 2544:-sulfonic acid 2542: 2535: 2525: 2524: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2506: 2501: 2497: 2492: 2488: 2483: 2473: 2472: 2471: 2469:Sulfinic acids 2466: 2464:Sulfonic acids 2461: 2455:Carboselenoic 2452: 2438: 2434: 2433: 2432: 2431: 2425: 2424: 2423: 2417: 2416: 2415: 2399: 2398: 2397: 2386: 2382: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2370: 2365: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2315: 2312: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2240: 2237: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2198:Main article: 2195: 2192: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2155: 2151: 2137: 2133: 2126: 2119: 2103:Main article: 2100: 2097: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1988: 1984: 1977: 1961:Main article: 1958: 1955: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1926: 1922: 1890:Main article: 1887: 1884: 1870: 1854:Main article: 1851: 1848: 1841: 1825:Main article: 1822: 1819: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1782:retained names 1776: 1772: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1671:Main article: 1668: 1665: 1655: 1651: 1639: 1631: 1627: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1572:Main article: 1569: 1566: 1536: 1532: 1486: 1473:back-formation 1448:Main article: 1445: 1442: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1393:" (pronounced 1384: 1368:Main article: 1365: 1362: 1355: 1351: 1339: 1312:Main article: 1309: 1306: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1239: 1235: 1215:Main article: 1212: 1209: 1202: 1178: 1174: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1115:Main article: 1112: 1109: 1102: 1087: 1055: 1052: 1047:Main article: 1044: 1041: 1014:Main article: 1011: 1008: 947: 943: 936: 932: 928: 908:Main article: 905: 902: 880: 876: 858: 854: 850: 846: 827: 823: 819: 785: 781: 770: 766: 761:Cyclic alkanes 739:propionic acid 717: 713: 709: 705: 698: 691: 690: 687: 684: 681: 678: 675: 672: 669: 666: 663: 660: 657: 654: 651: 648: 645: 642: 639: 636: 633: 630: 626: 625: 622: 619: 616: 613: 610: 607: 604: 601: 598: 595: 592: 589: 586: 583: 580: 577: 574: 571: 568: 565: 552:Straight-chain 545:Main article: 542: 539: 537: 534: 522: 521: 506: 503: 499: 496: 495: 494: 491: 483: 476: 475: 474: 470: 464: 432: 429: 424: 423: 416: 415: 414: 413: 408: 405: 399: 385: 384: 380: 379: 378: 374: 371: 368: 365: 361: 350: 347: 325: 322: 321: 320: 319: 318: 314: 308: 307: 306: 303: 300: 294: 293: 292: 289: 286: 283: 280: 267: 264: 261: 225: 224: 205: 203: 196: 190: 187: 128: 127: 42: 40: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4979: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4954: 4952: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4883: 4880: 4876: 4868: 4863: 4861: 4856: 4854: 4849: 4848: 4845: 4834: 4833: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4794: 4790: 4786: 4785: 4777: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4760: 4757: 4754: 4751: 4748: 4745: 4742: 4739: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4728: 4718: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4699: 4698: 4685: 4683:9780632034888 4679: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4657: 4649: 4643: 4635: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4602: 4587: 4583: 4577: 4562: 4558: 4552: 4544: 4538: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4516: 4509: 4508: 4501: 4493: 4491:0-408-70144-7 4487: 4483: 4476: 4472: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4418: 4414: 4403: 4396: 4368: 4359: 4358:is diazane). 4319: 4298:is ammonium, 4289: 4285: 4281: 4275: 4265: 4263: 4254: 4252: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4231: 4230: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4210: 4208: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4177: 4176: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4130: 4126: 4123: 4120: 4118:Nonatriacont- 4117: 4114: 4113: 4109: 4106: 4103: 4101:Octatriacont- 4100: 4097: 4096: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4080: 4079: 4075: 4072: 4069: 4067:Hexatriacont- 4066: 4063: 4062: 4058: 4055: 4052: 4049: 4046: 4043: 4042: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4019: 4015: 4012: 4009: 4006: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3996: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3974: 3973: 3969: 3966: 3963: 3960: 3957: 3956: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3943: 3940: 3937: 3934: 3933: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3917: 3916: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3900: 3897: 3894: 3893: 3889: 3886: 3883: 3880: 3877: 3876: 3872: 3869: 3866: 3863: 3860: 3857: 3854: 3853: 3849: 3846: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3829: 3826: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3814: 3813: 3809: 3806: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3796: 3792: 3789: 3786: 3783: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3773: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3760: 3757: 3756: 3752: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3733: 3729: 3726: 3723: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3709: 3706: 3703: 3700: 3697: 3694: 3691: 3690: 3686: 3683: 3680: 3677: 3674: 3671: 3670: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3657: 3654: 3649: 3646: 3643: 3640: 3639: 3635: 3632: 3629: 3626: 3623: 3622: 3618: 3615: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3596: 3592: 3589: 3586: 3583: 3580: 3579: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3554: 3553: 3550: 3549: 3547: 3541: 3535: 3532: 3529: 3526: 3523: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3516:•Butyl pentyl 3513: 3511: 3510:•Hexyl propyl 3507: 3505: 3504:•Ethyl heptyl 3500: 3499:•Methyl octyl 3497: 3494: 3491: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3473: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3463: 3461: 3457: 3455: 3450: 3447: 3444: 3441: 3438: 3435: 3432: 3429: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3416:•Butyl propyl 3413: 3411: 3410:•Ethyl pentyl 3406: 3405:•Hexyl methyl 3403: 3400: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3379: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3369: 3367: 3362: 3359: 3356: 3353: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3338: 3335: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3328:•Ethyl propyl 3324: 3323:•Butyl methyl 3321: 3318: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3303: 3300: 3297: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3286: 3283: 3280: 3277: 3274: 3271: 3268: 3265: 3262: 3259: 3258: 3254: 3251: 3248: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3230: 3227: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3215: 3212: 3209: 3206: 3203: 3200: 3197: 3194: 3191: 3190: 3186: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3174: 3169: 3166: 3163: 3160: 3159: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3128: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3107: 3102: 3097: 3096: 3093: 3085: 3082: 3079: 3066: 3063: 3062: 3060: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3049: 3039: 3034: 3033: 3026: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3013: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3005: 2999: 2996: 2992: 2989: 2988: 2986: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2972: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2954: 2952: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2941:Sulfenic acid 2938: 2935: 2933: 2930: 2929: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2921: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2908: 2906: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2894: 2892: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2851: 2848: 2845: 2844: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2829: 2824: 2822:selanylidene- 2821: 2818: 2817: 2815: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2781: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2767: 2761: 2760: 2758: 2753: 2752: 2750: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2733:Thioaldehydes 2731: 2730: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2722: 2716: 2715: 2713: 2708: 2707: 2705: 2698: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2686: 2685: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2677: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2658: 2655: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2642:halocarbonyl- 2641: 2638: 2637: 2634: 2624: 2619: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2600: 2595: 2589: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2561: 2560: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2536: 2533: 2529: 2528: 2526: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2511: 2509: 2498: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2453: 2451: 2449: 2444: 2443: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2435: 2429: 2428: 2426: 2421: 2420: 2418: 2403: 2402: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2391: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2383: 2379: 2376: 2374: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2320: 2311: 2309: 2304: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2293: 2288: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2253: 2245: 2236: 2206: 2201: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2166: 2162: 2147: 2142: 2130:methanamide, 2111: 2106: 2096: 2094: 2090: 2055: 2036: 2027: 1969: 1964: 1954: 1952: 1933: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1898: 1893: 1880: 1876: 1862: 1857: 1847: 1833: 1828: 1818: 1789: 1785: 1783: 1768: 1767:ethyl formate 1749: 1748:ethyl acetate 1695: 1679: 1674: 1664: 1662: 1647: 1623: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1580: 1575: 1565: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1546:mellitic acid 1528: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1469: 1456: 1451: 1441: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1376: 1371: 1361: 1347: 1334: 1332: 1320: 1315: 1305: 1303: 1283: 1265: 1261: 1260:methoxyethane 1223: 1218: 1208: 1198: 1197: 1188: 1184: 1171: 1135: 1123: 1118: 1108: 1098: 1094: 1082: 1070: 1065: 1061: 1050: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1022: 1017: 1007: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 985: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 954: 953:cis and trans 924: 916: 911: 899: 894: 889: 887: 867: 863: 841: 838: 834: 815: 808: 803: 798: 796: 792: 777: 762: 758: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 688: 685: 682: 679: 676: 673: 670: 667: 664: 661: 658: 655: 652: 649: 646: 643: 640: 637: 634: 631: 628: 627: 623: 620: 617: 614: 611: 608: 605: 602: 599: 596: 593: 590: 587: 584: 581: 578: 575: 572: 569: 566: 563: 562: 559: 557: 553: 548: 533: 531: 527: 519: 515: 511: 507: 504: 500: 497: 492: 489: 488: 477: 471: 468: 467: 465: 462: 458: 457: 456: 450: 446: 440: 436: 428: 421: 420: 419: 409: 406: 403: 402: 400: 394: 393: 392: 390: 381: 375: 372: 369: 366: 362: 359: 355: 354: 351: 348: 344: 326: 323: 315: 312: 311: 309: 304: 301: 298: 297: 295: 290: 287: 284: 281: 278: 274: 273: 271: 270: 268: 265: 262: 259: 255: 251: 250: 249: 246: 244: 240: 236: 232: 221: 218:February 2020 209: 204: 195: 194: 186: 183: 179: 173: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 154: 149: 145: 141: 137: 132: 124: 121: 113: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: – 70: 66: 65:Find sources: 59: 55: 49: 48: 43:This article 41: 37: 32: 31: 19: 4926:Spectroscopy 4921:Publications 4901:Nomenclature 4900: 4873:Concepts in 4838:. Blackwell. 4831: 4788: 4782: 4702: 4695:Bibliography 4669: 4656: 4642: 4615: 4611: 4601: 4591:19 September 4589:. Retrieved 4585: 4576: 4566:19 September 4564:. Retrieved 4560: 4551: 4506: 4500: 4481: 4475: 4369: 4365: 4320: 4277: 4260: 4248: 4239:Acetaldehyde 4234:Formaldehyde 4226: 4216: 4204: 4190:Benzophenone 4185:Acetophenone 4172: 4154: 4056: 4036: 4027: 4013: 4004: 4001:Tritriacont- 3990: 3981: 3961:Hentriacont- 3950: 3941: 3910: 3901: 3870: 3861: 3830: 3821: 3790: 3781: 3750: 3741: 3710: 3704: 3698: 3684: 3664: 3658: 3652: 3647: 3616: 3610: 3604: 3573: 3567: 3561: 3543: 3542: 3539: 3515: 3514: 3509: 3508: 3503: 3502: 3498: 3492: 3486: 3480: 3465: 3464: 3459: 3458: 3454:•Ethyl hexyl 3453: 3452: 3448: 3442: 3436: 3430: 3415: 3414: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3398: 3392: 3386: 3371: 3370: 3366:•Butyl ethyl 3365: 3364: 3360: 3354: 3348: 3342: 3327: 3326: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3304: 3289: 3288: 3284: 3278: 3272: 3266: 3253:Methyl ethyl 3252: 3246: 3240: 3234: 3220: 3216: 3210: 3204: 3198: 3181: 3175: 3167: 3150: 3144: 3136: 3115:for aldehyde 3103:Prefix as in 3091: 3083: 3077: 3074: 2997:-thioperoxol 2994: 2976:hydroperoxy- 2937:Thioperoxols 2663:-oyl halide* 2573:Acyl halides 2557: 2538: 2531: 2456: 2447: 2446:Carbothioic 2355: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2321: 2317: 2305: 2300: 2296: 2290: 2286: 2257:Cycloalkanes 2255: 2210: 2187: 2183: 2164: 2160: 2145: 2143: 2141:ethanamide. 2115: 2092: 2088: 2053: 2034: 2028: 1973: 1950: 1931: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1902: 1866: 1850:Acyl halides 1837: 1793: 1683: 1622:benzoic acid 1585: 1568:Carboxylates 1560:rather than 1549: 1527:Malonic acid 1524: 1489:−CH(OH)−COOH 1477:benzoic acid 1466: 1460: 1398: 1394: 1380: 1335: 1324: 1284: 1263: 1227: 1194: 1192: 1127: 1074: 1035:), propyne ( 1026: 1004:E–Z notation 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 970:-but-2-ene, 967: 963: 959: 920: 871: 842: 836: 811: 759: 753:prefix, and 743:butyric acid 694: 550: 536:Hydrocarbons 529: 525: 523: 517: 513: 454: 444: 434: 425: 417: 389:alpha carbon 386: 247: 228: 215: 207: 182:trivial name 174: 151: 139: 133: 131: 116: 107: 97: 90: 83: 76: 64: 52:Please help 47:verification 44: 4886:Aromaticity 4557:"Blue Book" 3978:Dotriacont- 3125:for ketone 3123:Common name 3118:Common name 3113:Common name 3110:for alcohol 3108:Common name 2982:disulfanyl- 2778:Thioketones 2754:thioformyl- 2688:Isocyanides 2527:-oic acid* 1856:Acyl halide 1821:Acyl groups 1686:R−C(=O)O−R' 1646:acetic acid 1574:Carboxylate 1554:Citric acid 1521:Citric acid 1497:acetic acid 1493:lactic acid 1325:Aldehydes ( 886:side chains 791:cyclohexane 461:hydrocarbon 459:The parent 4951:Categories 4467:References 4272:See also: 4135:Tetracont- 4030:yl alcohol 4007:ic alcohol 3984:yl alcohol 3944:yl alcohol 3904:yl alcohol 3864:yl alcohol 3824:yl alcohol 3784:yl alcohol 3744:yl alcohol 3701:yl alcohol 3655:yl alcohol 3650:yl alcohol 3607:yl alcohol 3564:yl alcohol 3483:ic alcohol 3433:ic alcohol 3389:yl alcohol 3345:yl alcohol 3307:yl alcohol 3269:yl alcohol 3237:yl alcohol 3201:yl alcohol 3170:yl alcohol 3139:yl alcohol 3105:new system 3067:-hydrazine 3056:hydrazino- 3021:Hydrazines 2717:isocyanide 2714:-nitrile* 2645:carbamoyl- 2537:-selenoic 2250:See also: 2211:Nitriles ( 1949:is called 1930:is called 1915:replacing 1827:Acyl group 1128:Alcohols ( 1093:chloroform 1060:Haloalkane 1002:(see alse 480:Note: the 331:, oxy for 277:heteroatom 110:April 2023 80:newspapers 4962:Encodings 4784:Molecules 4634:1365-3075 4537:cite book 4529:865143943 4288:pnictogen 4284:chalcogen 4213:Aldehydes 4057:Ceroplast 3993:oic acid 3938:Triacont- 3881:Heptacos- 3841:Pentacos- 3818:Tetracos- 3675:Heptadec- 3627:Pentadec- 3601:Tetradec- 3546:see below 3372:•Dipropyl 3357:oic acid 3120:for acid 3098:Number of 2916:-tellurol 2902:tellanyl- 2896:sulfanyl- 2893:hydroxy- 2865:Tellurols 2728:Aldehydes 2709:isocyano- 2672:-amidine* 2636:acyloxy- 2621:−CONC< 2510:carboxy- 2430:-ammonium 2364:Priority 2118:R−C(=O)NH 1940:CO−O−OCCH 1925:CO−O−OCCH 1913:anhydride 1909:anhydride 1468:-oic acid 1463:R−C(=O)OH 1314:Aldehydes 1308:Aldehydes 1097:halothane 1064:Haloarene 1033:acetylene 833:isobutane 721:is named 158:Blue Book 4817:18007396 4753:ACD/Name 4399:See also 4219:aldehyde 4059:ic acid 4039:ic acid 4016:ic acid 3953:ic acid 3921:Nonacos- 3913:ic acid 3898:Octacos- 3873:ic acid 3858:Hexacos- 3833:ic acid 3831:Lignocer 3822:Lignocer 3793:ic acid 3761:Henicos- 3753:ic acid 3721:Nonadec- 3713:ic acid 3707:aldehyde 3695:Octadec- 3687:ic acid 3667:ic acid 3661:aldehyde 3644:Hexadec- 3619:ic acid 3613:aldehyde 3576:ic acid 3570:aldehyde 3495:ic acid 3489:aldehyde 3466:•Dibutyl 3445:ic acid 3443:Pelargon 3439:aldehyde 3437:Pelargon 3431:Pelargon 3401:ic acid 3395:aldehyde 3351:aldehyde 3319:ic acid 3313:aldehyde 3290:•Diethyl 3281:ic acid 3275:aldehyde 3249:ic acid 3243:aldehyde 3221:dimethyl 3213:ic acid 3207:aldehyde 3178:aldehyde 3153:ic acid 3147:aldehyde 2990:-peroxol 2932:Peroxols 2913:-selenol 2899:selanyl- 2860:Selenols 2850:Alcohols 2839:-tellone 2788:Tellones 2751:formyl- 2683:Nitriles 2651:amidino- 2588:Amidines 2530:-thioic 2522:sulfino- 2422:ammonio- 2395:Ammonium 2261:aromatic 2194:Nitriles 2116:Amides ( 1974:Amines ( 1690:R−C(=O)O 1684:Esters ( 1603:R−C(=O)O 1501:retained 1481:carboxyl 1228:Ethers ( 1205:CHOHCOOH 1168:groups: 1117:Alcohols 1111:Alcohols 988:absolute 984:relative 946:=CHCH=CH 755:undecane 731:methanol 680:Heptadec 674:Pentadec 671:Tetradec 396:numbers. 377:locant). 339:, etc.). 235:suffixes 231:prefixes 162:compound 4808:6148558 4331:HO−(O)H 4180:Acetone 4157:ketones 4151:Ketones 3801:Tricos- 3751:Arachid 3742:Arachid 3584:Tridec- 3518:ketone 3512:ketone 3506:ketone 3501:ketone 3468:ketone 3462:ketone 3456:ketone 3451:ketone 3418:ketone 3412:ketone 3407:ketone 3374:ketone 3368:ketone 3363:ketone 3330:ketone 3325:ketone 3292:ketone 3287:ketone 3255:ketone 3223:ketone 3211:Propion 3205:Propion 3100:carbons 3061:-amine 3050:amino- 2836:-selone 2833:-thione 2783:Selones 2773:Ketones 2762:-thial* 2706:cyano- 2669:-imide* 2666:-amide* 2660:-R-oate 2648:-imido- 2598:−COOCO− 2427:-onium 2419:-onio- 2389:Cations 2380:Suffix 2377:Prefix 2373:Formula 2200:Nitrile 2150:HCON(CH 2091:-ethyl- 1370:Ketones 1364:Ketones 1302:epoxide 1162:-tetrol 1081:Halogen 1010:Alkynes 956:isomers 904:Alkenes 727:derived 686:Nonadec 683:Octadec 677:Hexadec 629:Prefix 541:Alkanes 502:19-yne. 431:Example 364:system. 239:infixes 208:updated 178:ethanol 94:scholar 4815: 4805: 4713: 4680: 4632: 4527: 4517: 4488: 4446:Phanes 4280:hydron 4262:Hydron 4257:Hydron 4173:ketone 3991:Laccer 3982:Laccer 3951:Meliss 3942:Meliss 3911:Montan 3902:Montan 3778:Docos- 3685:Margar 3665:Palmit 3659:Palmit 3653:Palmit 3617:Myrist 3611:Myrist 3605:Myrist 3558:Dodec- 3527:Undec- 3399:Capryl 3393:Capryl 3355:Enanth 3349:Enanth 3343:Enanth 3064:-imine 3053:imino- 3016:Imines 3011:Amines 2910:-thiol 2855:Thiols 2626:−CNHNH 2583:Imides 2578:Amides 2568:Esters 2541:-acid* 2534:-acid* 2519:sulfo- 2486:−COSeH 2459:-acids 2450:-acids 2308:phenol 2295:, and 2287:ortho- 2265:xylene 2173:CON(CH 2099:Amides 2058:R−NR−R 2031:R−NH−R 1957:Amines 1808:)OOCCH 1771:HCOOCH 1673:Esters 1667:Esters 1593:-then- 1591:cation 1535:(COOH) 1397:, not 1327:R−CH=O 1273:OCH(CH 1217:Ethers 1211:Ethers 1158:-triol 1105:CHBrCl 1016:Alkyne 980:trans- 964:trans- 910:Alkene 795:hexene 778:) and 776:butene 723:nonane 668:Tridec 547:Alkane 427:etc.) 358:locant 138:, the 96: 89: 82: 75: 67: 4836:(PDF) 4779:(PDF) 4511:(PDF) 4342:N(N)H 4161:alkyl 4014:Psyll 4005:Psyll 3871:Cerot 3791:Behen 3782:Behen 3738:Icos- 3711:Stear 3705:Stear 3699:Stear 3339:Hept- 3317:Capro 3311:Capro 3305:Capro 3279:Valer 3273:Valer 3263:Pent- 3247:Butyr 3241:Butyr 3195:Prop- 3133:Meth- 3041:−NHNH 2830:-one 2816:oxo- 2759:-al* 2613:−CONH 2603:−COO− 2481:−COSH 2476:−COOH 2393:e.g. 2348:NH(CH 2340:CH(CH 2301:alkyl 2297:para- 2292:meta- 2213:R−C≡N 2125:HCONH 2105:Amide 1963:Amine 1804:CH(CH 1756:COOCH 1737:COOCH 1714:COOCH 1694:-oate 1595:anion 1587:Salts 1512:−COOH 1475:from 1338:CHOCH 1230:R−O−R 1154:-diol 972:trans 931:=CHCH 837:could 814:alkyl 751:Latin 747:Greek 735:ether 729:from 689:Icos 665:Dodec 662:Undec 482:−O−CH 317:used. 101:JSTOR 87:books 4813:PMID 4711:ISBN 4678:ISBN 4630:ISSN 4593:2024 4568:2024 4543:link 4525:OCLC 4515:ISBN 4486:ISBN 4353:N−NH 4251:ions 4245:Ions 4227:acid 4165:aryl 4037:Gedd 4028:Gedd 3574:Laur 3568:Laur 3562:Laur 3493:Capr 3487:Capr 3481:Capr 3477:Dec- 3427:Non- 3387:Capr 3383:Oct- 3301:Hex- 3231:But- 3219:one/ 3217:Acet 3199:Prop 3182:Acet 3176:Acet 3164:Eth- 3151:Form 3145:Form 3137:Meth 3078:Note 2967:−SSH 2962:−SOH 2957:−OOH 2907:-ol 2887:−TeH 2882:−SeH 2745:−CHS 2740:−CHO 2608:−COX 2259:and 2136:CONH 2070:N(CH 2043:NHCH 2017:CHNH 1976:R−NH 1934:and 1917:acid 1873:COCl 1844:CO−R 1729:CHCH 1642:COOH 1634:COOH 1434:COCH 1415:COCH 1391:-one 1342:COOH 1177:OHCH 1130:R−OH 1086:CHCl 1062:and 1029:-yne 982:are 978:and 976:cis- 960:cis- 923:-ene 875:C(CH 853:CHCH 826:CHCH 741:and 650:Hept 644:Pent 638:Prop 632:Meth 556:-ane 383:end) 237:and 73:news 4803:PMC 4793:doi 4620:doi 4373:(CH 4286:or 4163:or 3862:Cer 3648:Cet 3235:But 3187:NA 3168:Eth 3156:NA 3036:=NH 3028:−NH 2877:−SH 2872:−OH 2810:=Te 2805:=Se 2700:−NC 2695:−CN 2500:−SO 2491:−SO 2354:is 2344:)CH 2328:not 2324:not 2233:C≡N 2182:is 2159:is 2087:is 2074:)CH 2052:is 1765:), 1721:(CH 1650:KCH 1607:NaC 1550:not 1438:CHO 1399:won 1395:own 1387:C=O 1358:CHO 1331:-al 1291:OCH 1264:not 1258:is 1249:OCH 1238:OCH 1166:−OH 1134:-ol 1079:), 1077:R−X 1039:). 1006:). 968:cis 962:or 845:(CH 818:(CH 797:). 789:is 708:(CH 659:Dec 656:Non 653:Oct 647:Hex 641:But 635:Eth 624:20 528:,13 516:,13 337:O−R 329:−OH 134:In 56:by 4953:: 4811:. 4801:. 4787:. 4781:. 4709:. 4705:. 4676:. 4628:. 4616:92 4614:. 4610:. 4584:. 4559:. 4539:}} 4535:{{ 4523:. 4385:CH 4318:. 4308:NO 4253:. 4209:. 4175:. 4144:- 4132:40 4127:- 4115:39 4110:- 4098:38 4093:- 4081:37 4076:- 4064:36 4044:35 4021:34 3998:33 3975:32 3970:- 3958:31 3935:30 3930:- 3918:29 3895:28 3890:- 3878:27 3855:26 3850:- 3838:25 3815:24 3810:- 3798:23 3775:22 3770:- 3758:21 3735:20 3730:- 3718:19 3692:18 3672:17 3641:16 3636:- 3624:15 3598:14 3593:- 3581:13 3555:12 3536:- 3524:11 3474:10 3267:Am 3007:9 2995:SO 2923:8 2846:7 2800:=S 2795:=O 2769:6 2724:5 2679:4 2554:3 2539:Se 2457:Se 2437:2 2405:NH 2385:1 2336:CH 2289:, 2280:CH 2268:CH 2229:CH 2225:CH 2221:CH 2217:CH 2169:CH 2148:: 2132:CH 2082:CH 2078:CH 2066:CH 2062:CH 2047:CH 2039:CH 2037:: 2021:CH 2013:CH 2006:NH 2002:CH 1998:CH 1994:CH 1987:NH 1983:CH 1953:. 1944:CH 1936:CH 1921:CH 1869:CH 1840:CH 1812:CH 1800:CH 1796:CH 1775:CH 1760:CH 1752:CH 1741:CH 1733:CH 1710:CH 1706:CH 1702:CH 1698:CH 1654:CO 1638:CH 1615:CO 1564:. 1531:CH 1529:, 1510:Ph 1485:CH 1430:CH 1426:CH 1422:CH 1411:CH 1407:CH 1403:CH 1356:11 1295:CH 1287:CH 1269:CH 1253:CH 1245:CH 1234:CH 1201:CH 1181:OH 1173:CH 1160:, 1156:, 1150:OH 1146:CH 1142:CH 1138:CH 1101:CF 996:E- 992:Z- 966:: 942:CH 935:CH 927:CH 857:CH 786:12 737:, 733:, 716:CH 704:CH 697:CH 621:19 618:18 615:17 612:16 609:15 606:14 603:13 600:12 597:11 594:10 333:=O 233:, 172:. 4866:e 4859:t 4852:v 4819:. 4795:: 4789:9 4737:) 4719:. 4686:. 4650:. 4636:. 4622:: 4595:. 4570:. 4545:) 4531:. 4494:. 4393:N 4391:3 4389:F 4387:3 4381:O 4379:3 4377:) 4375:3 4355:2 4351:2 4349:H 4344:3 4340:2 4338:H 4333:2 4327:C 4325:5 4323:H 4314:2 4311:+ 4304:O 4302:3 4300:H 4296:N 4294:4 4292:H 4141:- 4138:- 4124:- 4121:- 4107:- 4104:- 4090:- 4087:- 4073:- 4070:- 4053:- 4050:- 4033:- 4010:- 3987:- 3967:- 3964:- 3947:- 3927:- 3924:- 3907:- 3887:- 3884:- 3867:- 3847:- 3844:- 3827:- 3807:- 3804:- 3787:- 3767:- 3764:- 3747:- 3727:- 3724:- 3681:- 3678:- 3633:- 3630:- 3590:- 3587:- 3548:) 3544:( 3533:- 3530:- 3424:9 3380:8 3336:7 3298:6 3260:5 3228:4 3192:3 3161:2 3130:1 3076:* 3043:2 3030:2 2993:- 2943:) 2939:( 2628:2 2615:2 2532:S 2504:H 2502:2 2495:H 2493:3 2448:S 2411:4 2408:+ 2356:N 2352:) 2350:3 2346:2 2342:3 2338:3 2332:N 2282:3 2278:4 2276:H 2274:6 2272:C 2270:3 2231:2 2227:2 2223:2 2219:3 2188:N 2186:, 2184:N 2179:2 2177:) 2175:3 2171:3 2165:N 2163:, 2161:N 2156:2 2154:) 2152:3 2146:N 2138:2 2134:3 2127:2 2120:2 2093:N 2089:N 2084:3 2080:2 2076:2 2072:3 2068:2 2064:3 2054:N 2049:3 2045:2 2041:3 2035:N 2023:3 2019:2 2015:3 2008:2 2004:2 2000:2 1996:3 1989:2 1985:3 1978:2 1946:3 1942:2 1938:3 1927:3 1923:3 1871:3 1842:3 1814:3 1810:2 1806:3 1802:2 1798:3 1777:3 1773:2 1769:( 1762:3 1758:2 1754:3 1750:( 1743:3 1739:2 1735:2 1731:2 1727:2 1725:) 1723:3 1716:3 1712:2 1708:2 1704:2 1700:3 1656:2 1652:3 1640:3 1632:5 1630:H 1628:6 1626:C 1624:( 1617:2 1613:5 1611:H 1609:6 1537:2 1533:2 1491:( 1487:3 1436:2 1432:2 1428:2 1424:3 1417:3 1413:2 1409:2 1405:3 1385:2 1383:R 1354:H 1352:6 1350:C 1340:2 1297:3 1293:2 1289:3 1279:2 1277:) 1275:3 1271:3 1262:( 1255:3 1251:2 1247:3 1240:3 1236:3 1203:3 1179:2 1175:2 1148:2 1144:2 1140:3 1103:3 1099:( 1091:( 1088:3 948:2 944:2 937:3 933:2 929:2 881:4 879:) 877:3 859:3 855:2 851:2 849:) 847:3 828:3 824:2 822:) 820:3 784:H 782:6 780:C 771:8 769:H 767:4 765:C 718:3 714:7 712:) 710:2 706:3 699:4 591:9 588:8 585:7 582:6 579:5 576:4 573:3 570:2 567:1 530:E 526:E 520:) 518:E 514:E 484:3 220:) 216:( 123:) 117:( 112:) 108:( 98:· 91:· 84:· 77:· 50:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry

Index