441:
110:
756:
129:
1052:, many pictures of the illegible papyrus are taken using different filters, finely tuned to capture certain wavelengths of light. Thus, researchers can find the optimum spectral portion for distinguishing ink from paper in order to display otherwise completely illegible papyri. The amount of text potentially to be deciphered by this technique is huge. A selection of the images obtained during the project and more information on the latest discoveries has been provided on the project's website.
967:, began to excavate it. "My first impressions on examining the site were not very favourable," wrote Grenfell. "The rubbish mounds were nothing but rubbish mounds." However, they very soon realized what they had found. The unique combination of climate and circumstance had left at Oxyrhynchus an unequalled archive of the ancient world. "The flow of papyri soon became a torrent," Grenfell recalled. "Merely turning up the soil with one's boot would frequently disclose a layer."
195:
1008:
136:
632:
1676:
970:
The classical author who has most benefited from the finds at
Oxyrhynchus is the Athenian playwright Menander (342–291 BC), whose comedies were very popular in Hellenistic times and whose works are frequently found in papyrus fragments. Menander's plays found in fragments at Oxyrhynchus include
1083:
In
February 2023, 16 individual tombs and 6 funerary complex from the Persian, Roman and Coptic periods and 2 deposited frogs were discovered by the Egyptian-Spanish archaeological mission. Majority of the bodies preserved with decorated shrouds were revealed alongside the pottery vessels and lamps.
837:
mentioned it in the compromise plans that it was a city that had great fame and its flat was about 1000 acres and the golden curtains were working and the length of the curtains was 30 cubits and its territory included 120 villages other than the plantations and the hamlets. The northern is
Kandous,
1092:
The
Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities expressed their interest in a project to restore the tombs of the Al-Bahnasa, an ancient city, in which many papyri dating back to the Greco-Roman era were found, as well as a number of tombs for the companions of Muhammad. In 2021, Egypt's head of Islamic,
1036:
Since the days of
Grenfell and Hunt, the focus of attention at Oxyrhynchus has shifted. Modern archaeologists are interested in learning about the social, economic, and political life of the ancient world. This shift in emphasis had made Oxyrhynchus, if anything, even more important, for the very
2018:
713:
from Egypt, with papyrological evidence of a festival commemorating this victory still observed in
Oxyrhynchus eighty years later. Jewish communities in the region did not re-emerge until the third century. A papyrus dated 291 CE documents the presence of an active
109:
1037:
ordinariness of most of its preserved documents makes them most valuable for modern scholars of social history. Many works on
Egyptian and Roman social and economic history and on the history of Christianity rely heavily on documents from Oxyrhynchus.
951:, came under effective British rule, and British archaeologists began the systematic exploration of the country. Because Oxyrhynchus was not considered an Ancient Egyptian site of any importance, it was neglected until 1896, when two young excavators,
838:
the western is the mountain, the tribal is Touma, and the eastern is the sea. Each gate had three towers, and there were forty ribats, palaces, and many mosques, and at its western end there is a famous place known as the Dome of Seven
Maidens.
2022:
1208:
897:
Today, there are many structures in Al-Bahnasa erected in honor of various Muslim conquerors who are regarded as heroes by the locals. For example, the mosque of Hasan al-Salah was built in honor of a man (the great-grandson of
1677:""البهنسا" البقيع الثانى بالمنيا.. هنا يرقد أبطال غزوة بدر.. دفن بأرضها نحو 5000 صحابى.. وبها مقام سيدى على التكرورى.. السياحة ترصد ميزانية لأعمال ترميم وصيانة آثارها وأبرزها قباب الصحابة وسط مدافن البسطاء (صور)"
1602:
805:
buried in it. The large number of fallen Muslim soldiers buried in this city was due to major battles against the Roman army and their fortifications in this area. Various early
Islamic chroniclers, such as
921:
and now venerated for their effort in the conquest of the city. As the town of al-Bahnasa now contained thousands of historical structures in memoir of the conquests, including the 5,000 graves of
1076:
In May 2020, an
Egyptian-Catalan archaeological mission headed by Esther Pons and Maite Mascort revealed a unique cemetery consisting of one room built with glazed limestone dating back to the
1169:
An Egyptian hieroglyphic dictionary: with an index of English words, king list and geological list with indexes, list of hieroglyphic characters, coptic and semitic alphabets, etc. Vol II=
2044:
877:
The Muslims army settled in the town for three years as their base after the conquest, while launching occasional raids on the black and the coasts. Al-Qa`qa` bin Amr, Hashem,
440:
1805:
779:
to negotiate with the garrison commander of the city named Batlus, however, as the negotiation ended badly, the Rashidun forces then sent their troops to attack Bahnasa.
1069:. Part of this poem was first published in 1922 from an Oxyrhynchus papyrus, no. 1787 (fragment 1). Most of the rest of the poem has now been found on a papyrus kept at
2094:
1343:
2497:
1915:
906:. Other examples include the tomb of Sidi Fath al-Bab, the mosque of Sidi Ali al-Jamam,and a large cemetery in which many people that participated in the
1702:
910:
are buried. There are also many domes in Bahnasa which are attributed to soldiers such as Muhammad bin Uqbah bin Amer Al-Juhani and Ubadah bin Al-Samit.
1703:"Egypt's head of Islamic, Coptic, Jewish antiquities sector follows up on progress of project of restoring archeological village of Al-Bahnasa in Minya"
1463:[An archaeological researcher reveals the secret of the residence of 10 thousand companions and the battle of Khalid ibn al-Walid in Bahnasa].
885:
Al-Fihri, the future conqueror of Maghreb, and went with two thousand of Persians convert who now fight under the caliphate, and raided the border of
1978:
1096:
In March 2020, archeological researchers from the Antiquities Inspection of Al-Bahnasa District located archaeological evidence of the encampment of
818:, reported that the Muslim armies under Khalid ibn al-Walid entered Bahnasa in 639, besieging the town for months before they can subdue the 50,000
2420:
2184:
1840:
841:
Among the most notable tombs were allegedly belong to the Muslim martyrs were the tombs of the children of Aqil bin Ali bin Abi Talib (brother of
2002:
2305:
2487:
2070:
2120:
759:
Map showing the path of the Islamic armies and their conquest of Egypt and Nubia during the reign of the second Caliph Omar Ibn Al-Khattab.
755:
709:
of 115–117 CE, fighting spread to the nome of Oxyrhynchus. This uprising ultimately led to the near-total expulsion and annihilation of
2517:
2048:
1384:
Kerkeslager, Allen; Setzer, Claudia; Trebilco, Paul; Goodblatt, David (2006). "The Diaspora From 66 to c. 235 CE". In T. Katz (ed.).
408:. Since the late 19th century, the area around Oxyrhynchus has been excavated almost continually, yielding an enormous collection of
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157:
538:
477:
532:
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469:
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535:
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1889:
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in 641, the canal system on which the town depended fell into disrepair, and Oxyrhynchus was abandoned. Today the town of
2466:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. XVI, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell, Arthur S. Hunt and Idris Bell
2277:
1426:
1080:(so-called the El-Sawi era). Archaeologists also uncovered bronze coins, clay seals, Roman tombstones and small crosses.
933:' of Egypt", which became the point of interest for many foreign tourists particularly from the Muslim majority country.
746:
1301:
1104:. The excavators said the Muslim armies' encampments were located in the current location of the village of Beni Hilal,
913:
There was also a particular mosque called Dome of Seven Maidens, which allegedly was built to honor seven Oxyrhynchus
2337:
2217:
1572:
284:
729:, three Greek papyri from Oxyrhynchus include references to large sums of gold that were to be sent to the emperor.
128:
1926:
1863:
1173:
964:
2448:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. XIII, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
833:
or "town of martyrs" in honor to one of the Muslim commander that participated in the conquest of Oxyrynchus.
782:
At that point, the town's name was changed to Al-Bahnasa. The town subsequently contained a cemetery of 5,000
2502:
2454:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. XIV, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2442:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. XII, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2379:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. III, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2378:
2159:"In Photos: 22 Persian, Roman and Coptic tombs discovered in Upper Egypt's Minya - Greco-Roman - Antiquities"
1656:[The city of martyrs is outside the account of the governor of Minya]. Shada al-'Arab. Shada al-'Arab
1077:
2460:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. XV, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2436:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. XI, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2397:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. VI, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2385:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. IV, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2373:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. II, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2212:(in Arabic). Egyptian General Authority for Cultural Palaces; Department of History at the Faculty of Arts.
1019:
Since the 1930s, work on the papyri has continued. For many years it was under the supervision of Professor
2430:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. X, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2421:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. X, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2391:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. V, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
2367:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. I, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt
1496:
1390:. The Cambridge History of Judaism. Vol. 4 (Steven ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 67.
2492:
2358:
1143:
997:. The works found at Oxyrhynchus have greatly raised Menander's status among classicists and scholars of
1350:, The Cambridge History of Judaism, vol. 4, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 53–92,
1004:
There is an on-line table of contents briefly listing the type of contents of each papyrus or fragment.
686:. Saints Sirenos, Philoxenos and Ioustos were venerated and had shrines dedicated to them in the city.
17:
2351:
Futuh al-Bahnasa al Gharra, 'the conquest of Bahnasa, the blessed', by Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Mu'izz
1342:
Kerkeslager, Allen; Setzer, Claudia; Trebilco, Paul; Goodblatt, David (2006), Katz, Steven T. (ed.),
1057:
922:
802:
783:
336:
1562:
1427:"The city of Bahnasa .. Why is the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities interested in restoring it?"
1041:
790:
1167:
1974:
1256:
35:
1999:
1287:
652:
325:
1234:
907:
738:
417:
382:
115:
92:
902:) who participated in the conquest of Al-Bahnasa. It is the only mosque in Egypt that has two
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305:
207:
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1867:
1117:
1049:
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1024:
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742:
554:
493:
1787:
Quoted in A.M. Luijendijk, "Sacred Scriptures as Trash: Biblical Papyri from Oxyrhynchus"
1221:
Document Location: The Egyptian Museum, Cairo, Egypt. Material: Paper. Image: Unavailable.
1048:
technology has been extremely successful in recovering previously illegible writing. With
8:
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2408:
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Another Oxyrhynchus papyrus, dated 75–125 AD. It describes one of the oldest diagrams of
878:
850:
772:
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661:
644:
405:
319:
228:
31:
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2095:"Unique cemetery dating back to el-Sawi era discovered in Egypt amid coronavirus crisis"
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2414:
1951:
1070:
1029:
942:
764:
667:
2409:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. VIII, edited with translations and notes by Arthur S. Hunt
1192:
2472:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. XVI, edited with translations and notes by Arthur S. Hunt
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2435:
2403:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. VII, edited with translations and notes by Arthur S. Hunt
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1317:
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Before it was renamed as "al-Bahnasa", Oxyrynchus were renamed as "Al-Qays town", by
679:
413:
401:
212:
2415:
The Oxyrhynchus papyri vol. IX, edited with translations and notes by Arthur S. Hunt
1828:
2325:
1460:
1391:
1351:
1309:
1194:
Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol .2
1132:
1122:
1020:
719:
699:
675:
243:
1395:
1355:
1313:
1093:
Coptic, Jewish antiquities sector followed up on the progress of the restoration.
861:), and Hassan al-Salih ibn Zayn al-Abidin bin al-Hussein (great-grandson of Ali).
2297:
2238:
2006:
1893:
1835:
1728:
1628:
1282:
864:
858:
854:
706:
599:
425:
373:
344:
77:
62:
2158:
1645:
1524:
1385:
1101:
1066:
948:
819:
726:
294:
114:
Al-Bahnasa Martyr district, a cemetery of 5,000 prominent early Muslims during
2329:
2481:
1554:
998:
918:
882:
768:
605:
594:
172:
159:
2317:
2287:
695:
670:, Oxyrhynchus was a prosperous regional capital, the third-largest city in
620:
393:
2423:
Cornell University Library Historical Monographs Collection. Reprinted by
1633:(digitized Austrian National Library ed.). Maṭbaʿat al-Wahabīya. 1873
1348:
The Cambridge History of Judaism: Volume 4: The Late Roman-Rabbinic Period
694:
Oxyrhynchus remained a prominent, though gradually declining, town in the
2199:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
930:
871:
era historian, also writing the history of Bahnasa conquest in his book,
823:
798:
617:
583:
579:
2424:
2278:
Report on the recent Egyptian-Spanish archaeological mission to the site
1461:"باحث أثري يكشف سر إقامة 10 آلاف صحابي ومعركة خالد بن الوليد في البهنسا"
2267:
1767:""البهنسا".. طقوس فرضتها شمس "البقيع الثاني" ورمال ارتوت بدماء الصحابة"
926:
830:
776:
722:, indicating the renewed presence of Jewish communities in the region.
718:
in Oxyrhynchus and identifies one of its officials as originating from
609:
30:
This article is about the Egyptian city. For the genus of legumes, see
1445:
929:
martyrs of the battle of Bahnasa, the town are regarded by locals as "
2234:
1766:
1653:
1630:"Haḏā Kitāb" Qiṣṣat al-Bahnasā wa-mā fihā min al-ʿaǧā'ib wa-l-ġarā'ib
1598:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
886:
857:, Muhammad ibn Abi Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Bakr al-Siddiq (grandson of
807:
715:
683:
310:
219:
2121:"Egypt makes major archaeological discovery amid coronavirus crisis"
1593:
1591:
1061:
published the text and translation of a newly reconstructed poem by
989:
846:
786:
647:
in 332 BC, the city was reestablished as a Hellenistic town called
331:
1908:
1696:
1694:
1479:
1383:
1341:
631:
1588:
797:
occupies part of the ancient site. The Arabs called the city as "
409:
2273:
PBS NOVA scienceNOW feature on papyrus imaging (streaming video)
2310:
1804:(1898). "Oxyrhynchus and Its Papyri". In Griffith, F.L. (ed.).
1691:
1087:
1062:
1007:
960:
903:
868:
789:
who had participated in the conquest of Oxyrhynchus. After the
613:
612:
of the Nile worshipped there as the fish that ate the penis of
587:
421:
224:
2262:
2145:"Group Of Persian, Roman and Coptic Tombs Discovered In Egypt"
2263:
Official website of the Archaeological Mission in Oxyrhynchus
914:
671:
640:
590:
429:
397:
298:
200:
84:
2311:
Joint Egyptian/Spanish archaeological mission in Oxyrhynchus
1720:
1623:
1621:
1542:
1300:
Zeev, Miriam Pucci Ben (2006-06-22), Katz, Steven T. (ed.),
1100:
and 10,000 soldiers under him, including 70 veterans of the
2198:
Abdel Aziz Munir, Amr (2012). Abdel Aziz Munir, Amr (ed.).
1870:. Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia
710:
575:
273:
267:
1497:"Bahnasa; Objek Wisata yang Menyimpan Jejak Sejarah Islam"
1308:(1 ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 95–98,
246:
2283:
Oxford University Classics Department Oxyrhynchus Project
2233:
1618:
899:
842:
264:
255:
917:
girls who defected and helped the Muslim armies under '
767:, the town of Oxyrhinchus was invaded and conquered by
737:
Further information on Muslim conquest of Bahnasa:
1518:
1516:
1514:
285:
276:
270:
252:
249:
1668:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
387:
361:
261:
1511:
849:), Ziyad bin Abi Sufyan bin Abdul Muttalib (son of
258:
1165:
947:In 1882, Egypt, while still nominally part of the
801:of Egypt", as the city was known for having 5,000
666:'town of the sharp-snouted fish'). In the
1412:
2479:
2197:
2185:The Oxyrhynchus Logia and the Apocryphal Gospels
1548:
574:Oxyrhynchus lies west of the main course of the
2318:"Epilogue. The Demise of Christian Oxyrhynchus"
1868:"One of the oldest extant diagrams from Euclid"
1302:"The uprisings in the Jewish Diaspora, 116–117"
444:The medjed or oxyrhynchus worshipped as a deity
2425:Cornell University Library Digital Collections
2357:
2324:(Biblical Studies). Brill. pp. 295–300.
1564:Epilogue. The Demise of Christian Oxyrhynchus
432:(for example, the medieval P. Oxy. VI 1006).
396:located about 160 km south-southwest of
1810:. Egypt Exploration Fund. pp. 1–12, (7)
1760:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1674:
1283:"EGYPT iv. Relations in the Sasanian period"
1186:
1184:
1088:Archaeological structures of Muslim conquest
936:
725:From 619 to 629, during the brief period of
69:
54:
2498:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Egypt
1972:
1892:. Egypt Exploration Society. Archived from
1764:
1651:
597:times, there was a city on the site called
2315:
2206:The Story of Bahnasa.. A Story of a Battle
1862:
1458:
1161:
1159:
775:. At first, the Rashidun sent emissary of
2034:see the third pair of images on this page
1853:A listing of what each fragment contains.
1745:
1181:
814:, and Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Mu"izz in
2293:Article on new discoveries in the papyri
1800:
1293:
1190:
1006:
873:Al Duhur fi madaa al 'Ayaam wa al shuhur
754:
630:
439:
2243:(in Arabic). the University of Michigan
2118:
1560:
1229:
1227:
1156:
448:
14:
2480:
1654:"مدينة الشهداء خارج حساب محافظ المنيا"
1597:
1525:"For love of the Prophet's companions"
1494:
330:
2488:Populated places in Minya Governorate
1459:Omar, Samir; Muslim, Mahmoud (2020).
1211:. Oxyrhynchus Online Project Metadata
2288:Oxyrhynchus and the Gospel of Thomas
1299:
1278:
1276:
1224:
1841:"Oxyrhynchus Online Image Database"
1726:
1522:
1344:"The Diaspora from 66 to c. 235 ce"
1209:"Oxyrhynchus Online Image Database"
377:
135:
55:
24:
2178:
1700:
25:
2529:
2306:University of Michigan Collection
2256:
1981:from the original on 28 June 2007
1377:
1273:
784:companions of the Islamic prophet
635:Location of Oxyrhynchus in Egypt.
616:. It was the capital of the 19th
368:), also known by its modern name
2518:Former populated places in Egypt
1807:Archaeological Report: 1896-1897
1306:The Cambridge History of Judaism
747:Military conquests of Umar's era
678:, it became famous for its many
626:
242:
193:
134:
127:
108:
2151:
2137:
2112:
2087:
2063:
2037:
2011:
1993:
1966:
1944:
1882:
1856:
1822:
1794:
1781:
1652:Al Shinnawy, Mohammed (2019).
1495:Harits, Deffa Cahyana (2019).
1387:The Late Roman-Rabbinic Period
1335:
1257:"Results | The Cult of Saints"
1249:
1201:
1065:, together with discussion by
1027:. Eighty large volumes of the
582:, a branch that terminates in
13:
1:
2513:Archaeological sites in Egypt
2119:Mahmoud, Rasha (2020-05-26).
1923:The Egypt Exploration Society
1765:Abu Al-Saud, Mahmoud (2020).
1675:Abdul Ghafur, Hassan (2020).
1396:10.1017/CHOL9780521772488.004
1356:10.1017/chol9780521772488.004
1314:10.1017/chol9780521772488.005
1150:
892:
424:manuscripts, and more recent
27:City in Ptolemaic/Roman Egypt
2316:H. Blumell, Lincoln (2012).
1973:Martin West (24 June 2005).
1561:Blumell, Lincoln H. (2012).
689:
362:
311:
7:
2240:F̣utūh al-Bahnasā al-Gharāʻ
2005:September 29, 2006, at the
1829:Search by table of contents
1604:F̣utūh al-Bahnasā al-Gharāʻ
1567:. Brill. pp. 295–300.
1467:. El-Wattan News. El-Wattan
1166:E. A. Wallis Budge (1920).
1144:The Trackers of Oxyrhynchus
1111:
965:The Queen's College, Oxford
732:
404:. It is also an important
388:
10:
2534:
940:
736:
656:
516:
456:
435:
420:. They also include a few
348:
299:
85:
70:
29:
2330:10.1163/9789004180987_008
2235:Muḥammad ibn ʻUmar Wāqidī
2187:. (2007). Gardners Books.
2060:Image of papyrus fragment
2045:"P.Köln Inv. Nr. 21351_2"
2000:Discussion by Martin West
1890:"Publications: Full List"
1599:Waqidi, Muhammad ibn Umar
1058:Times Literary Supplement
937:Archaeological excavation
923:companions of the prophet
855:Aban ibn Uthman bin Affan
332:[okˈsyr̥r̥yŋkʰos]
218:
206:
188:
153:
122:
107:
46:
2381:at the Internet Archive.
1843:. Imaging Papyri Project
1191:Gauthier, Henri (1925).
1042:Brigham Young University
791:Muslim conquest of Egypt
771:under the leadership of
2474:at the Internet Archive
2468:at the Internet Archive
2462:at the Internet Archive
2456:at the Internet Archive
2450:at the Internet Archive
2444:at the Internet Archive
2438:at the Internet Archive
2432:at the Internet Archive
2417:at the Internet Archive
2411:at the Internet Archive
2405:at the Internet Archive
2399:at the Internet Archive
2393:at the Internet Archive
2387:at the Internet Archive
2375:at the Internet Archive
2369:at the Internet Archive
2201:قصة البهنسا: حكاية غزوة
1952:"Multispectral imaging"
1733:. ktab INC. p. 215
1235:"Where is Oxyrhynchus?"
816:The Conquest of Bahnasa
340:
36:Freshwater elephantfish
1769:. al Madain. al Madain
1727:Ali, Mohammed (2015).
1055:On June 21, 2005, the
1050:multi-spectral imaging
1046:multi-spectral imaging
1016:
908:Arab conquest of Egypt
760:
639:After the conquest of
636:
445:
412:texts dating from the
116:Early Muslim conquests
1549:Abdel Aziz Munir 2012
1261:csla.history.ox.ac.uk
1040:A joint project with
1033:have been published.
1010:
953:Bernard Pyne Grenfell
758:
634:
443:
323: "sharp-nosed",
41:Place in Minya, Egypt
2503:Roman sites in Egypt
1954:. Oxyrhynchos online
1789:Vigiliae Christianae
1730:أقاليم مصر الفرعونية
1288:Encyclopædia Iranica
1237:. Oxyrhynchus Online
1118:Hellanicus of Lesbos
957:Arthur Surridge Hunt
826:garrison defenders.
743:Dhiraar ibn al-Azwar
449:Ancient Egyptian era
34:. For the fish, see
2322:Lettered Christians
1975:"A New Sappho Poem"
1138:Villa of the Papyri
1128:Oxyrhynchus Gospels
1108:, west of Bahnasa.
1098:Khalid ibn al-Walid
879:Abu Ayyub al-Ansari
851:Abu Sufyan ibn Harb
773:Khalid ibn al-Walid
751:Zubayr ibn al-Awwam
645:Alexander the Great
406:archaeological site
169: /
32:Oxyrhynchus (plant)
2493:Oxyrhynchus papyri
2359:Oxyrhynchus papyri
2268:Oxyrhynchus Online
2075:dailynewsegypt.com
1896:on 28 January 2008
1834:2009-06-02 at the
1679:. al-Yaum al-Sab'a
1071:Cologne University
1030:Oxyrhynchus Papyri
1017:
943:Oxyrhynchus Papyri
765:Rashidun Caliphate
763:During the era of
761:
674:. After Egypt was
668:Hellenistic period
637:
604:, named after the
446:
2193:978-1-4304-5596-7
1802:Grenfell, Bernard
1405:978-0-521-77248-8
1365:978-0-521-77248-8
1323:978-1-139-05513-0
1013:Euclid's Elements
835:Ali Pasha Mubarak
812:F̣utūh al-Bahnasā
665:
649:Oxyrrhynchoupolis
572:
571:
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414:Ptolemaic Kingdom
402:Minya Governorate
386:
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322:
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235:
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173:28.531°N 30.647°E
16:(Redirected from
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1977:. Times Online.
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1133:Oxyrhynchus hymn
1123:Heracles Papyrus
739:'Amr ibn al-'Aas
660:
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657:Ὀξυρρύγχου Πόλις
595:ancient Egyptian
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865:Ibn Taghribirdi
847:Rashidun Caliph
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735:
707:Diaspora Revolt
692:
629:
608:, a species of
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1102:Battle of Badr
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1067:Martin L. West
949:Ottoman Empire
941:Main article:
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1197:. p. 83.
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769:Rashidun army
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154:Coordinates:
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93:Ancient Greek
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53:
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33:
19:
2350:
2343:. Retrieved
2321:
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2163:Ahram Online
2162:
2153:
2139:
2128:. Retrieved
2124:
2114:
2103:. Retrieved
2101:. 2020-05-28
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2089:
2078:. Retrieved
2074:
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2053:. Retrieved
2049:the original
2039:
2027:. Retrieved
2023:the original
2013:
1995:
1983:. Retrieved
1968:
1956:. Retrieved
1946:
1934:. Retrieved
1927:the original
1922:
1910:
1898:. Retrieved
1894:the original
1884:
1872:. Retrieved
1858:
1845:. Retrieved
1824:
1812:. Retrieved
1806:
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1771:. Retrieved
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1710:. Retrieved
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1647:
1635:. Retrieved
1629:
1608:. Retrieved
1603:
1578:. Retrieved
1563:
1556:
1544:
1532:. Retrieved
1529:Ahram online
1528:
1501:. Retrieved
1469:. Retrieved
1464:
1435:. Retrieved
1430:
1386:
1379:
1369:, retrieved
1347:
1337:
1327:, retrieved
1305:
1295:
1286:
1264:. Retrieved
1260:
1251:
1239:. Retrieved
1213:. Retrieved
1203:
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1142:
1095:
1091:
1082:
1078:26th Dynasty
1075:
1056:
1054:
1039:
1035:
1028:
1018:
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985:Karchedonios
984:
981:Epitrepontes
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977:Dis Exapaton
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394:Middle Egypt
369:
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313:Oxýrrhynkhos
312:
237:
236:
2247:11 February
2210:(paperback)
2071:"StackPath"
1773:15 November
1737:15 November
1712:15 November
1707:Egypt Today
1683:29 December
1660:15 November
1637:15 November
1610:15 November
1580:15 November
1534:15 November
1503:15 November
1499:. KMA mesir
1471:15 November
1437:15 November
1174:John Murray
705:During the
684:monasteries
653:Koinē Greek
584:Lake Moeris
580:Bahr Yussef
555:hieroglyphs
494:hieroglyphs
418:Roman Egypt
326:Koinē Greek
238:Oxyrhynchus
208:Governorate
176: /
142:Oxyrhynchus
48:Oxyrhynchus
2508:Papyrology
2482:Categories
2345:17 January
2225:27 January
2168:2023-03-03
2130:2020-09-09
2125:Al-Monitor
2105:2020-09-09
2080:2020-09-09
2055:2006-03-23
2029:2006-03-23
1814:October 1,
1371:2024-09-16
1329:2024-09-08
1266:2024-01-05
1151:References
973:Misoumenos
893:Modern era
795:el Bahnasa
777:Al-Mughira
389:el-Bahnasa
370:Al-Bahnasa
300:Ὀξύῤῥυγχος
164:30°38′49″E
161:28°31′52″N
102:Al-Bahnasa
86:Ὀξυρρυγχος
18:Oxyrynchos
2300:on Sunday
859:Abu Bakar
845:, fourth
820:Byzantine
808:Al-Waqidi
720:Palestine
716:synagogue
702:periods.
700:Byzantine
690:Roman era
383:romanized
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220:Time zone
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2099:Zee News
2003:Archived
1979:Archived
1936:2 August
1900:30 March
1832:Archived
1601:(1934).
1215:27 March
1112:See also
990:Dyskolos
799:Al-Baqi'
787:Muhammad
733:Arab era
680:churches
586:and the
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961:fellows
959:, both
931:al-Baqi
927:Tabi'un
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810:in his
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436:History
410:papyrus
385::
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286:ok-sih-
189:Country
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490:pr mꜥḏ
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641:Egypt
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350:ⲡⲉⲙϫⲉ
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1876:2007
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1816:2016
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1739:2021
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