1030:
1197:
1166:
1020:
674:
theory to refer to the rulers of multiple chiefdoms or the rulers of exceptionally powerful chiefdoms that have subordinated others. Paramount chiefs were identified by
English-speakers as existing in Native American confederacies and regional chiefdoms, such as the
906:
the term paramount chief was imposed by the
British government over Swazi royal objections in 1903, was never recognized by the Swazi royalty, and was changed to "king" in English upon independence in 1968. The SiSwati name for the office is
1293:, rendered as Paramount chief or King of the Molmahao Clan. NB: This title was not recognised by the Rotuma Island Council as the titles Gagaja and Sau have never been used together. The closest thing to a paramount chief is the position of
1029:
600:
1554:
Henning, W. B., 'A Farewell to the Khagan of the Aq-Aqataran',"Bulletin of the School of
Oriental and African studies â University of London", Vol 14, No 3, p501â522. ,
662:
is the
English-language designation for a King/Queen or the highest-level political leader in a regional or local polity or country administered politically with a
866:
as
Basutoland since 12 March 1868 (11 August 1871 â 18 March 1884 Annexed to Cape Colony as Basutoland territory, then as a separate colony, as one of the
286:
1475:
Government
Documents. Great Britain. Foreign Office. Correspondence with Foreign Courts Regarding Execution of Treaties Contracted. London, 1821. 110pp
1643:
645:
985:
963:
303:
573:
894:
Herero among that people, also Chief
Ministers of Hereoroland (two incumbents 20 July 1970 â 5 December 1980), the 'homeland' of the
291:
593:
1149:
It now has many equivalent meanings such as commander, leader, or ruler. The most famous khan was the Great Khan of
Mongols:
687:
334:
638:
867:
1519:
717:
held that title. Since the title "chief" was already used in terms of district and town administrators, the addition of "
683:
1142:
brought it to the rest of Asia. In the middle of the sixth century it was known as "Kagan â King of the Turks" to the
1591:
870:
Territories). The title changed to king on 4 October 1966, which was the date of the country's independence from the
567:
1653:
1228:
tribe in the central North Island â a hereditary chieftainship which still has great influence. In the 1850s the
631:
17:
1309:
714:
429:
268:
139:
1316:", even after the country became a republic on 7 October 1987; however, this was not an office of state.
256:
1257:
1188:. The office is near sacred and can be left vacant if no one is deemed worthy to hold the title.
709:
and applied in
Britain's colonies in Asia and Africa. They used it as a substitute for the word "
557:
320:
1648:
1185:
547:
124:
55:
46:
1583:
1577:
1229:
1196:
1423:â the Great Council of Chiefs until de-established in March 2012, recognised Elizabeth II as
1298:
1279:
during the
OctoberâDecember 1987 secession agitation on one island, known as the Republic of
621:
409:
1165:
1266:
863:
676:
414:
389:
144:
1607:
8:
1362:
1006:
883:
over the Awa-Khoi or "Red Nation" (more prominent then six other 'nations') of the Nama (
617:
31:
1288:
1204:
1126:
confederation for their chief between 283 and 289 and was used as a state title by the
1092:
705:, paramount chief was a formal title created by British colonial administrators in the
680:
552:
454:
384:
173:
110:
60:
1587:
379:
364:
359:
1395:
718:
1420:
1313:
1221:
1154:
1100:
1084:
808:
524:
514:
494:
484:
35:
1573:
1019:
1638:
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1488:
1430:
930:
562:
519:
474:
459:
404:
86:
81:
1382:
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1135:
871:
817:
706:
691:
509:
499:
489:
434:
227:
1531:
1632:
1378:
1131:
995:
846:
747:
702:
695:
504:
439:
399:
394:
374:
262:
222:
217:
203:
193:
188:
91:
1122:
tribes living to the north of China. 'Khan' is first seen as a title in the
941:, imiDushane, imiQhayi, amaGasela, amaGwali, amaHleke, imiDange, amaNtinde,
1527:
1373:
1345:
1242:
1177:
1174:
1150:
1116:
1112:
1058:
1034:
822:
765:
667:
479:
469:
464:
424:
419:
369:
168:
149:
977:, currently ruled by Ndamase NDAMASE (West) and Jongilanga Sigcau (East) .
1354:
942:
775:
722:
721:" was made so as to distinguish between the ruling monarch and the local
671:
449:
444:
798:
1440:
1400:
1302:
938:
832:
341:
134:
129:
733:
1410:
1262:
974:
922:
of the vhaVenda; after the people's split, (only?) of the haMphaphuli
909:
903:
895:
826:
529:
198:
101:
1415:
1405:
1350:
1326:
952:
850:
804:
786:(village). The Paramount Chief works with the government-appointed
755:
663:
183:
1452:
1294:
1139:
1123:
1119:
1037:
878:
859:
813:
105:
1115:
title for a sovereign or military ruler, first used by medieval
1052:
1435:
1283:, led by Henry Gibson (remained in New Zealand), his style was
1280:
1143:
1127:
934:
791:
1340:
1285:
1247:
1200:
1181:
839:
771:
764:: Title held by supreme ruler Lago Ogom, after the advent of
761:
751:
739:
178:
96:
1471:
1469:
884:
710:
1232:
resulted in the election of a Waikato chief as MÄori King.
1550:
1548:
1524:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
1466:
998:, currently ruled by Buyelekhaya Zwelinbanzi Dalindyebo.
1545:
27:
Highest-level political leader of a chief-based system
799:
West African paramount chieftains and their countries
1579:
The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia
833:
Southern African paramount chieftainships and titles
734:
Eastern African paramount chieftainships and titles
1130:confederation. It was subsequently adopted by the
1245:, the paramount chief of the Cook Islands was an
1630:
1572:
1329:(Easter Island) paramount chief or king, the
1297:, currently belonging to the district chief (
1053:East Asia paramount chieftainships and titles
887:) people, a Chiefdom established before 1700.
639:
1184:. The current and the second Huguan Siou is
1173:Huguan Siou is the paramount leader for the
778:, the title of the chief responsible for a
1514:
1512:
1269:was established in 1858 and ended in 1888.
1160:
929:of the Xhosa people's following polities:
646:
632:
574:Network Analysis and Ethnographic Problems
1446:
845:of each of the eight major tribes of the
782:(district) elected by the chiefs of each
1195:
1164:
1028:
1018:
862:since it emerged as a polity in 1822, a
1644:Titles of national or ethnic leadership
1566:
1509:
594:Political and Legal Anthropology Review
14:
1631:
250:Societies without hierarchical leaders
966:(currently ruled by Dumisani Gwadiso)
1582:. Rutgers University Press. p.
1483:
1481:
1009:, currently ruled by Melizwe Dlamini
666:. This term is used occasionally in
1067:, alternately spelled lowercase as
1023:The Great Mongol Khan: Genghis Khan
790:Director, both of whom report to a
24:
1153:. Another famous Manchu khan was
25:
1665:
1612:Kadazandusun Cultural Association
1493:Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
1478:
742:: Title since 1904 of the former
568:Political economy in anthropology
1371:, paramount chief titles in the
955:(until 1830 called abakwaZelemu)
1236:
913:, a ceremonial term for "lion".
1600:
1557:
1211:
430:Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges
13:
1:
1459:
1191:
601:Journal of Legal Anthropology
269:The Art of Not Being Governed
1320:
7:
1389:
1255:dynasty, a chiefdom of the
10:
1670:
1343:, paramount titles in the
1047:
1027:
1017:
713:" to ensure that only the
607:Journal of Law and Society
327:Colonialism and resistance
29:
1071:and sometimes spelled as
728:
281:Non-western state systems
257:African Political Systems
1608:"The Huguan Siou Office"
1455:see each present country
1377:chiefly system include;
1349:chiefly system include;
1180:indigenous community in
1169:The current Huguan Siou.
30:Not to be confused with
1273:
1161:Sabah, Malaysian Borneo
306:and the State in Africa
1654:Political anthropology
1447:Sources and references
1208:
1186:Joseph Pairin Kitingan
1170:
1096:
1040:
1024:
548:Circumscription theory
335:Europe and the People
304:Technology, Tradition,
1199:
1168:
1032:
1022:
853:(former Bechuanaland)
766:British colonial rule
622:cultural anthropology
410:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
263:Papuan Big man system
1267:Kingdom of Rarotonga
864:British protectorate
677:Powhatan Confederacy
415:Wolfgang Fikentscher
390:Henri J. M. Claessen
145:Pantribal sodalities
1312:was recognized as "
1230:MÄori King Movement
1111:) is an originally
558:Leftâright paradigm
32:Paramount chieftain
1427:or Paramount Chief
1209:
1171:
1041:
1025:
768:in Northern Kenya.
688:European colonists
664:chief-based system
553:Legal anthropology
455:Thomas Blom Hansen
385:Robert L. Carneiro
174:Segmentary lineage
111:Leveling mechanism
61:legal anthropology
1563:Zhou 1985, p. 3â6
1310:British Sovereign
1045:
1044:
656:
655:
380:Jeremy Boissevain
365:Georges Balandier
360:E. Adamson Hoebel
16:(Redirected from
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1618:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1570:
1564:
1561:
1555:
1552:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1530:. Archived from
1516:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1485:
1476:
1473:
1421:Monarchy of Fiji
1363:Tuimaleali'ifano
1222:Ngati Tuwharetoa
1203:paramount chief
1015:
1014:
916:In South Africa
809:Charles Atangana
684:Native Americans
648:
641:
634:
542:Related articles
525:Douglas R. White
515:Jonathan Spencer
495:Marshall Sahlins
485:Sally Falk Moore
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36:Paramount leader
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1462:
1449:
1431:Paramount ruler
1392:
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1314:Paramount Chief
1299:gagaj 'es itu'u
1276:
1239:
1214:
1205:Mata'afa Iosefo
1194:
1163:
1055:
1050:
868:High Commission
835:
801:
736:
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715:British monarch
686:encountered by
668:anthropological
660:paramount chief
652:
612:
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588:
580:
579:
563:State formation
543:
535:
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520:Bjorn Thomassen
475:Elizabeth Mertz
460:Ted C. Lewellen
405:Pierre Clastres
355:
354:Major theorists
347:
346:
337:Without History
336:
305:
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155:Paramount chief
87:Achieved status
82:Ascribed status
74:Status and rank
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1396:Chef supérieur
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988:
982:Inkosi Enkhulu
978:
971:Inkosi Enkhulu
967:
960:Inkosi Enkhulu
956:
949:Inkosi Enkhulu
945:
943:amaGqunukhwebe
927:Inkosi Enkhulu
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692:Chesapeake Bay
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26:
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1593:0-8135-1304-9
1589:
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1575:
1574:René Grousset
1569:
1560:
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1549:
1534:on 2007-08-19
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440:David Graeber
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19:
1615:. Retrieved
1611:
1602:
1578:
1568:
1559:
1536:. Retrieved
1532:the original
1528:Bartleby.com
1523:
1500:. Retrieved
1492:
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1330:
1284:
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1243:Cook Islands
1237:Cook Islands
1217:
1175:Kadazandusun
1172:
1151:Genghis Khan
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1117:Turko-Mongol
1108:
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1035:Tribal Chief
1002:
991:
981:
970:
964:amaKhonjwayo
959:
948:
933:, amaMbalu,
926:
919:
908:
891:
838:
823:Sierra Leone
787:
783:
779:
743:
700:
659:
657:
606:
599:
592:
572:
480:Sidney Mintz
470:Ralph Linton
465:Edmund Leach
425:Morton Fried
420:Meyer Fortes
370:F. G. Bailey
302:
267:
255:
240:Case studies
199:Ethnic group
169:Band society
154:
44:
1331:ariki henua
1212:New Zealand
1207:(1832â1912)
1103:: ćŻæ± or æ±,
935:amaRharhabe
858:In present
776:South Sudan
746:of all the
723:aristocracy
701:During the
450:Ulf Hannerz
445:Lesley Gill
1633:Categories
1538:2008-04-25
1502:2008-04-25
1460:References
1441:Kalaniopuu
1401:Great King
1379:Tui Manu'a
1291:Lagfatmaro
1192:In Oceania
1007:Nhlangwini
939:amaNdlambe
931:amaGcaleka
694:region of
681:Piscataway
342:Cargo cult
245:Acephelous
135:Matriarchy
130:Patriarchy
117:Leadership
1411:High king
1374:fa'amatai
1346:fa'amatai
1335:ariki mau
1321:Polynesia
1263:Rarotonga
1261:tribe in
1253:Makea Nui
1218:Ariki Nui
1093:Mongolian
996:abaThembu
975:amaMpondo
920:Khosikulu
910:Ngwenyama
904:Swaziland
896:Ovaherero
892:Okahandja
849:, all in
827:Bai Bureh
719:paramount
530:Eric Wolf
102:Age grade
56:Political
1576:(1988).
1425:Tui Viti
1416:Monarchy
1406:Hegemony
1390:See also
1355:Mata'afa
1351:Malietoa
1327:Rapa Nui
1155:Nurhachi
1144:Persians
1138:and the
1132:GöktĂŒrks
953:amaBhaca
851:Botswana
805:Cameroon
756:Tanzania
754:(not in
587:Journals
184:Chiefdom
161:Polities
47:a series
45:Part of
1383:Le'iato
1303:Noa'tau
1295:Fakpure
1251:of the
1140:Mongols
1134:before
1124:Xianbei
1120:nomadic
1101:Chinese
1048:In Asia
1038:Nurhaci
1033:Manchu
1005:of the
994:of the
984:of the
973:of the
962:of the
951:of the
879:Namibia
860:Lesotho
814:Nigeria
690:in the
292:Mandala
125:Big man
106:Age set
1639:Titles
1617:26 May
1590:
1520:"khan"
1489:"khan"
1436:Sachem
1281:Rotuma
1265:, the
1201:Samoan
1128:Rouran
1085:Turkic
1081:Ke-Han
1001:title
990:title
980:title
969:title
958:title
947:title
925:title
890:title
847:Tswana
792:county
748:Maasai
744:laibon
729:Africa
618:Social
287:Negara
1341:Samoa
1301:) of
1286:Gagaj
1248:ariki
1226:MÄori
1182:Sabah
1178:Murut
1105:kehan
840:KgĂŽsi
788:Payam
780:payam
774:: In
772:Sudan
762:Kenya
752:Kenya
740:Kenya
276:State
179:Tribe
150:Chief
140:Elder
97:Caste
1619:2020
1588:ISBN
1361:and
1308:the
1274:Fiji
1224:, a
1097:qÄÄn
1089:khÄn
1069:khan
1065:Khan
1059:Khan
885:Khoi
784:buma
711:king
679:and
670:and
620:and
321:Kapu
1584:585
1333:or
1289:Sau
1220:of
1109:han
1107:or
1077:Xan
1073:Han
902:In
877:In
750:in
58:and
34:or
1635::
1610:.
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1075:,
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49:on
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874:.
758:)
647:e
640:t
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104:/
38:.
20:)
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