1275:
91:
25:
1051:
1377:
1466:
1527:
1478:
1494:
777:
4064:
518:
820:
Soviet chess officials had given Keres "strong hints" that he should not hinder
Botvinnik's attempt to win the World Championship, and that Botvinnik only discovered this about halfway through the tournament and reportedly protested so strongly that he angered Soviet officials; and that Keres, in Kingston's assessment, probably did not deliberately lose games to Botvinnik or anyone else in the tournament.
907:
Smyslov to win Zurich 1953, and pressured several of the other top
Soviets to arrange this outcome, which did in fact occur. Bronstein wrote that Keres was ordered to draw his second cycle game with Smyslov, to conserve Smyslov's fading physical strength; Keres, who still had his own hopes of winning the event, tried as White to win an attacking game, but instead lost because of Smyslov's excellent play.
262:
923:, URS-ch15, with 14/19 (+10â1=8); the field included every top Soviet player except Botvinnik. In 1950, he won at Moscow, URS-ch18, with 11Âœ/17 (+8â2=7) against a field which was only slightly weaker than in 1947. Then in 1951, he triumphed again at Moscow, URS-ch19, with 12/17 (+9â2=6), against a super-class field which included
710:) in 1941â1944, Keres was able to travel across the European continent and participate in a number of international tournaments, held both in neutral countries (1944 Madrid, Lidköping, Stockholm) and in countries under Nazi German control (1942 Tallinn, Salzburg, Munich; 1943 Prague, Posen, Salzburg, Tallinn).
998:
for the USSR in 1952, when the
Soviets entered the event for the first time; Keres was the only Soviet team member with Olympiad experience (from his previous appearances for Estonia), and world champion Mikhail Botvinnik was not on the Soviet team. His four straight board gold medals from 1954â1960
625:
organized the "Absolute
Championship of the USSR" in 1941, with the top six finishers from the 1940 championship meeting each other four times; it was split between Leningrad and Moscow. Botvinnik won the event, one of the strongest ever organized, with 13œ/20, and Keres placed second with 11, ahead
563:
Keres struggled at
LeningradâMoscow 1939 with a shared 12â13th place; he wrote that he had not had enough time to prepare for this very strong event, where he faced many Soviet top players for the first time. But he recovered with more preparation time, and won Margate 1939 with 7Âœ/9 (+6â0=3), ahead
718:
Before the Soviet Union reoccupied
Estonia, in the autumn of 1944 Keres made an unsuccessful attempt to escape from the country over the sea to the west. A 1942 newspaper interview with Keres was later used by the Nazis for anti-Soviet propaganda. As a consequence, he was suspected of collaboration
1732:
said that Keres failed to become world champion because he lacked a killer instinct and "was too mild a person to give his all in order to defeat his opponents. He took everything, including his chess, philosophically. Keres is one of the nicest people that I have ever had the pleasure of meeting.
819:
Since Keres lost his first four games against
Botvinnik in the 1948 tournament, suspicions have sometimes been raised that Keres was forced to "throw" games to allow Botvinnik to win the championship. Chess historian Taylor Kingston investigated the available evidence and arguments, concluded that
906:
conspiracy by
Petrosian, Geller and Keres, and this worked out to Keres' disadvantage, since he may have been slightly stronger than both Petrosian and Geller at this stage. Bronstein, in his final book, published just after his death in late 2006, wrote that the Soviet chess leadership favoured
616:
Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Red Army in June 1940, and formally annexed by the USSR in August 1940. Keres played in his first Soviet
Championship at Moscow 1940 (URS-ch12), placing fourth (+9â4=6) in an exceptionally strong field, placing him ahead of the defending champion
4601:
said that: Stalin would not have given orders that Keres should lose to
Botvinnik; Smyslov would probably have been the candidate most preferred by officials; Keres was under severe psychological stress as a result of the multiple invasions of his home country, Estonia, and of his subsequent
901:
Keres' run of four successive second places in Candidates' tournaments (1953, 1956, 1959, 1962) has prompted suspicions that he was under orders not to win these events. Taylor Kingston concludes that: there was probably no pressure from Soviet officials, since from 1954 onwards, Keres was
1538:
system places Keres in the top 10 players in the world between approximately 1936 and 1965, and overall he had one of the highest winning percentages of all grandmasters in history. He has the seventh highest Chessmetrics 20-year average, from 1944 to 1963, behind five World Champions and
1643:. All three books are still considered among the best of their kind for aspiring masters and experts. He also wrote several tournament books, including an account of the 1948 World Championship Match Tournament. He authored several openings treatises, often in German:
823:
Keres finished second or equal second in four straight Candidates' tournaments (1953, 1956, 1959, 1962), making him the player with the most runner-up finishes in that event. (He was therefore occasionally nicknamed "Paul II".) Keres participated in a total of six
607:
in the Netherlands, held from December 1939 â January 1940. Keres won a hard-fought struggle by 7Âœâ6Âœ (+6â5=3). This was a superb achievement, because not only was Euwe a former World Champion, but he had enormous experience at match play, far more than Keres.
482:
He continued to represent Estonia with success in Olympiad play. His detailed results for Estonia follow. Of note was the team bronze medal attained by Estonia in 1939; this was exceptional for a country with a population of less than two million people.
999:
is an Olympiad record. Although not selected after 1964, Keres served successfully as a team trainer with Soviet international teams for the next decade. Altogether, in 11 Olympiads, playing for both the USSR and Estonia (counting the unofficial
545:, Reshevsky, Alekhine, Capablanca and Flohr. AVRO was one of the strongest tournaments in history; some chess historians believe it the strongest ever staged. Keres won on tiebreak because he beat Fine 1ÂœâÂœ in their individual two games.
1065:
Keres also appeared three times for the Soviet Union in the European Team Championships, winning team and individual gold medals on all three occasions. He scored 14/18 (+10â0=8), for 77.8%. His detailed Euroteams results are:
1089:
Keres also represented the USSR in many international team matches, in Europe and the Americas, with great success. He represented Estonia on top board with distinction in Soviet team championships, contested between regions.
1699:(1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 d6 8.c3 0-0 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Nd7) was introduced by Keres at the 1962 Candidates' tournament, and was popular for several years. He also popularized the
456:. Keres, in his autobiographical games collection, refers to this major event as a 'Candidates' Tournament', and claimed that he was recognized as a Grandmaster after winning it, although its parallel connection with later
816:. Keres finished joint third, with 10œ out of 20 points. In his individual match with the winner, Botvinnik, he lost four of five games, winning only in the last round when the tournament's result was already determined.
1733:
With his friendly and sincere smile, he makes friends easily. He is goodnatured and kind. Yes, he loves chess, but being a human being is his first consideration. In addition to chess, Keres was interested in
285:(afterwards a prominent physicist, who later told friendly jokes to his students: "I am not Paul's brother; Paul is my brother"). With the scarcity of chess literature in his home town, he learned about
595:
At the outbreak of WWII in 1939, Keres was in Buenos Aires, Argentina for the Olympiad. He stayed on to play in a Buenos Aires international tournament after the Olympiad, and tied for first place with
650:
After Nazi Germany had invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, Estonia came under German control a few weeks later. During 1942 and 1943, Keres and Alekhine both played in four tournaments organized by
1445:
An annual international chess tournament has been held in Tallinn every other year since 1969. Keres won this tournament in 1971 and 1975. Starting in 1976 after Keres' death, it has been called the
869:, with 18Âœ/28 (+15â6=7). He had positive or equal scores against all the competitors, including 3â1 against Tal, but this was not enough, since Tal scored 14Âœ/16 against the bottom four finishers.
990:
Keres represented the Soviet Union in seven consecutive Olympiads, winning seven consecutive team gold medals, five board gold medals, and one bronze board medal. Of note was his appearance on
978:, and Petrosian. The Budapest victory, which capped a stretch of four first-class wins over a two-year span, may represent the peak of his career. The Hungarian master and writer
305:
extensively while in high school. He probably played about 500 correspondence games, and at one stage had 150 correspondence games going simultaneously. In 1935, he won the
5223:
5163:
560:
in 1940â41, brought negotiations with Alekhine to an end. Keres had begun his university studies in 1937, and this also played a role in the failure to set up a match.
4597:
after the publication of further evidence which he summarizes in his third article. In a subsequent two-part interview with Kingston, Soviet grandmaster and official
5145:
768:
Keres returned to international play in 1946 in the Soviet radio match against Great Britain, and continued his excellent playing form that year and the next year.
592:
in 1944. The country remained under Soviet control for the rest of Keres' life. The 1944 Soviet reconquest of Estonia was a particularly dangerous time for Keres.
293:
in the daily newspaper, and compiled a handwritten collection of almost 1000 games. In his early days, he was known for a brilliant and sharp attacking style.
681:
During World War II, Keres played in several more chess tournaments. He won all 15 games at Tallinn 1942 (Estonian championship), and swept all five games at
359:
1935, and was regarded as the new star, admired for his dashing style. His success there gave him the confidence to venture onto the international circuit.
5208:
1369:
Keres' health declined the next year, and he did not play any major events in 1974. His last major tournament win was Tallinn 1975, ahead of Spassky and
5129:
1361:
won. That same year, he made his last Soviet Championship appearance, at Moscow for URS-ch41, scoring 8/17 for a shared 9â12th place, as Spassky won.
417:
with 4Âœ/6 (+4â1=1); the tournament saw all games commence with the moves 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 Ne4, known as the Döry Defence. He tied for 4â5th places at
589:
585:
1555:
281:. He was two years old when Estonia became an independent country in 1918. Keres first learned about chess from his father and his elder brother
1315:
5218:
4351:
1546:
He was one of few players to have plus records against Capablanca, Euwe and Tal, and he also had equal records against Smyslov, Petrosian and
370:
with 6Âœ/8 (+6â1=1). He won in Tallinn 1936 with 9/10 (+8â0=2). Keres' first major international success against top-level competition came at
674:(International Tournament) in April 1943, always ahead of Keres, who placed second in all three of those tournaments. They tied for first at
577:
242:
on four consecutive occasions in 1953â1962. Due to these and other strong results, many chess historians consider Keres one of the greatest "
1477:
1427:, Tallinn. A bronze statue of Keres was unveiled on his 100th birthday in his hometown Narva on 7 January 2016. There is also a street in
4839:
253:
Widely considered an Estonian national hero, he was nicknamed "Paul the Second", "The Eternal Second", and "The Crown Prince of Chess".
4549:
Heuer, Valter, âThe Troubled Years of Paul Keres, the Great Silent Oneâ, New In Chess #4, 1995, Amsterdam, Holland; Jan Timman, editor.
1136:
by 6â2 (+4â0=4). He tied 2ndâ3rd in the USSR Championship, Moscow 1957 (URS-ch24) with 13Âœ/21 (+8â2=11), along with Bronstein, behind
1003:
event), and in 161 games, Keres accumulated a brilliant total of (+97â13=51), for 76.1%. His detailed 1952â1964 Olympiad results are:
460:-organized Candidates' tournaments (from 1950 onwards) is not exact, and the Grandmaster title was not formalized by FIDE until 1950.
5198:
171:
2033:, RichterâRauzer Attack (B63), 1â0. Keres had a minus score against Botvinnik, but here he defeats the world champion in convincing
4827:
3407:
1684:
788:, arranged to determine the world champion after Alekhine's death in 1946, his performance was far from his best. Held jointly in
4329:
is an informal term to refer to the world's elite players â usually players who are serious contenders for the World Championship
1725:, the Soviet Union, South America, and North America. Botvinnik, by contrast, never competed in the Americas during his career.
5160:
4294:
4267:
2605:
970:
1952 with 12Âœ/17 (+10â2=5), the latter ahead of world champion Botvinnik and an all-star field which included Geller, Smyslov,
667:
5258:
3527:
3203:
3035:
2367:
1236:
1157:
1110:
719:
with the Nazis and questioned by the Soviet authorities. Keres managed to avoid deportation or any worse fate (e.g., that of
464:
1396:, Canada). His death occurred while returning to Estonia from a tournament in Vancouver, which he had won. He was buried at
386:
1936 with a shared 3rdâ4th place (+5â3=3). He then defended his Estonian title in 1936 by drawing a challenge match against
382:
1936, placing only 8â9th with (+2â4=3), but wrote that he learned an important lesson from this setback. Keres recovered at
4382:
Paul Keres, Grandmaster of Chess: The Complete Games of Paul Keres, ed. and trans. by Harry Golombek, Arco, New York, 1977.
741:
He won the Estonian Championship at Tallinn 1945 with 13/15 (+11â0=4), ahead of several strong visiting Soviets, including
5142:
2052:, Keres Variation (E93), 1â0. The game in which Keres introduced a new plan against the King's Indian: Bg5, h4, Nh2 and a
1493:
1465:
5273:
5238:
5213:
5193:
2007:
685:
1943. He also won the Estonian title event held at Tallinn 1943, and Madrid 1944 (13/14, +12â0=2). He was second, behind
1307:
975:
2049:
1918:
1893:
1870:
731:
1995:. Black reveals a series of brilliant tactical surprise moves, concluding elegantly against the former world champion.
5278:
5098:
5087:
5039:
4111:
1788:
1640:
1629:
1613:
1274:
726:
But his return to the international chess scene was delayed, in spite of his excellent form; he won at Riga 1944/45 (
301:
Keres was a three-time schoolboy champion of the country, in 1930, 1932, and 1933. His playing matured after playing
68:
46:
4093:
207:
writer. He was among the world's top players from the mid-1930s to the mid-1960s, and narrowly missed a chance at a
39:
5203:
4766:
4392:
1988:
1717:
Keres won top-class tournaments from the mid-1930s into the mid-1970s, a span of 40 years, and won major events in
5253:
4536:
3173:
1664:
1141:
887:. Keres won a match at Moscow 1962 against Geller, for an exempt place in the 1965 Candidates, by 4Âœâ3Âœ (+2â1=5).
735:
4089:
1851:
1832:
1813:
1655:
1446:
1401:
659:
306:
1683:
Keres made many important contributions to opening theory. Perhaps best-known is the Keres Attack against the
5268:
5263:
2810:
1000:
884:
785:
493:
1550:. In his long career, he played 10 world champions. He won at least one game against all from Capablanca to
5243:
1992:
1947:
274:
5233:
4085:
2754:
2684:
2566:
556:, but the outbreak of the Second World War, especially because of the first occupation of Estonia by the
325:
238:, but the match never took place due to the outbreak of World War II in 1939. Keres was runner-up in the
4352:"Leonard Barden on chess: Pride of Estonia: Paul Keres, one of the best to never hold chess world crown"
1969:(C09), 1â0. Almost unpredictable jumps of the white knight slowly destroy Black's position. A beautiful
309:(IFSB) international correspondence chess championship. From 1937 to 1941 he studied mathematics at the
90:
5134:
2718:
2030:
1518:
706:
694:
526:
231:
915:
In several other post-war events, however, Keres dominated the field. He won the exceptionally strong
730:) (10œ/11). Presumably for political reasons, he was excluded from the ten-player Soviet team for the
393:
Keres had a series of successes in 1937. He won in Tallinn with 7Âœ/9 (+6â0=3), then shared 1stâ2nd at
4151:
3542:
2736:
2457:
2035:
1984:
1958:
1240:
825:
727:
449:
4511:, by Paul Keres, translated by Harry Golombek, New York, ARCO Publishing 1972, p. 188 (1936 results)
1695:
at Salzburg 1943, and remains an important line. An original system on the Black side of the Closed
5228:
4602:
treatment by Soviet officials up to late 1946; and Keres was less tough mentally than his rivals â
4074:
2045:
1605:
He wrote chess books that included a well-regarded, deeply annotated collection of his best games,
549:
208:
33:
1966:
982:, in his books on Keres, states that at this time, "The best player in the world was Paul Keres".
902:
rehabilitated and Botvinnik was no longer in favour with officials. At Curaçao 1962, there was an
332:
in the tournament, then defeated him (+2â1=0) in the playoff match. In April 1935, Keres defeated
4078:
3849:
3563:
3383:
3241:
3153:
3056:
2935:
2917:
2899:
2835:
2781:
2538:
2513:
2110:
1691:(1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e6 6.g4), which was successfully introduced against
992:
916:
345:
5093:
Paul Keres Best Games, Volume II: Semi-Open Games, by Egon Varnusz, London 1994, Cadogan Chess,
1950:. Here Keres outplayed Alekhine already in the first 15 moves. The game is crowned by two small
5248:
3649:
3473:
1392:, Finland, at the age of 59 (it is often erroneously reported that he died on the same date in
1220:
813:
50:
5031:
5025:
3296:
3104:
2999:
2859:
1971:
1943:
1882:
1385:
1370:
1113:
1954â55 with Smyslov on 7/9 (+6â1=2). He dominated an internal Soviet training tournament at
622:
239:
5107:
Peeter JĂ€rvelaid. Paul Keres ja Boris Meissner. â PĂ€rnu Postimees, 8. jaanuar 2011, lk. 11.
5104:
Paul Keres: der Komponist = the Composer, by Alexander Hildebrand, F. Chlubna, Vienna, 1999.
4807:
2012:
1109:
Keres continued to play exceptionally well on the international circuit. He tied 1stâ2nd at
723:); however, he may have been held in detention; precise details are difficult to ascertain.
5188:
5183:
4742:
302:
1662:. He contributed to the first volume, 'C', of the first edition of the Yugoslav-published
1587:
1442:) Estonian banknote bore his portrait. Kroons have been replaced by the euro since 2011.
1161:
8:
4326:
3510:
3426:
3330:
3222:
3121:
3018:
2974:
1951:
1575:
1563:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1013:
1007:
310:
243:
163:
5120:
3962:
1050:
971:
476:
4988:
4968:
4948:
4928:
4908:
4888:
4133:
3949:
2666:
2628:
2609:
2586:
2475:
2344:
2327:
2312:
2170:
2152:
2099:
1935:
1376:
553:
505:
499:
487:
441:
387:
375:
321:
235:
1999:
1757:
5094:
5083:
5035:
4139:
4001:
3936:
3923:
3653:
2944:
2867:
2818:
2548:
2418:
2293:
2053:
2022:
1914:
1889:
1866:
1847:
1828:
1809:
1784:
1777:
1651:
1636:
1625:
1609:
1591:
1129:
840:
793:
754:
720:
631:
618:
538:
426:
333:
329:
200:
195:
4721:
2882:
2647:
1566:). Other notable grandmasters against whom he had plus records include Fine, Flohr,
963:
758:
5021:
4871:
4207:
3824:
3770:
3496:
3454:
3411:
3250:
2526:
2522:
2375:
2285:
2026:
2003:
1729:
1688:
1358:
1287:
1228:
1209:
1102:
1947 tournament, Keres made some significant contributions as a chess organizer in
948:
920:
880:
801:
762:
746:
639:
635:
548:
It was expected that the winner of this tournament would be the challenger for the
430:
394:
379:
4696:
3988:
698:
234:, which led to negotiations for a title match against the reigning World Champion
5167:
5149:
5008:
4684:
4504:
4195:
4145:
3832:
3450:
3422:
3188:
3085:
2863:
2405:
2394:
2132:
1704:
1692:
1621:
1595:
1567:
1559:
1540:
1295:
1213:
1153:
1149:
1125:
952:
932:
850:
836:
742:
534:
453:
414:
367:
247:
4637:
4616:
4605:
4589:
1526:
5124:
5060:
4993:
4973:
4953:
4933:
4913:
4893:
4492:
4420:
4223:
4217:
4189:
4040:
3836:
3774:
3766:
3551:
3108:
3044:
3003:
2871:
2822:
2501:
1962:
1742:
1722:
1718:
1547:
1435:
1424:
1343:
1339:
1311:
1244:
1145:
797:
627:
597:
352:
286:
278:
132:
1302:
1969, he shared 3rdâ4th places on 10Âœ/15, as Geller and Botvinnik won. He won
471:
1938 (behind Eliskases) with 6Âœ/9 (+4â0=5). Keres drew an exhibition match at
5177:
4875:
4711:, by Paul Keres, edited and translated by Harry Golombek, Arco, New York 1977
4598:
4229:
4173:
4027:
3858:
1711:
1700:
1579:
1551:
1502:
1397:
1205:
1197:
1169:
1054:
936:
928:
894:
686:
651:
316:
Keres achieved a very good result at the age of 17 in a Master tournament in
4949:"Paul Keres vs. Jaroslav Sajtar, Amsterdam ol (Men) fin-A (1954), Amsterdam"
1016:, USSR board 4, 13Âœ/14 (+13â0=1), team gold, board gold, best overall score;
5073:
4843:
4794:
4672:
4537:"GM Rogers: Paul Keres â the Real Coodabeen Champion | Gardiner Chess"
4356:
4304:
4287:
3572:
3487:
2492:
2471:
1583:
1535:
1407:
Over 100,000 were in attendance at Keres' funeral in Tallinn, Estonia; and
1299:
1252:
1232:
979:
573:
557:
496:(unofficial Olympiad), Estonia board 1, 15Âœ/20 (+12â1=7), board gold medal;
290:
282:
224:
220:
216:
108:
5108:
2710:
1172:, behind Tal and GligoriÄ. He placed tied 7â8th in the USSR Championship,
690:
4770:
4396:
4235:
4201:
4179:
4167:
4014:
3828:
3758:
3657:
3370:
3300:
3269:
3162:
3065:
2414:
2357:
2348:
2251:
2232:
2209:
2189:
2036:
1714:
and 30 studies, including a rook ending that won a first prize in 1947."
1599:
1571:
1350:
1335:
1319:
1268:
1264:
1193:
1137:
924:
876:
866:
812:
had also been invited but declined.) The event was played as a quintuple
809:
522:
398:
371:
4581:
4573:
3076:
1825:
Moderne Theorie der Schacheröffnungen Dreispringerspiel bis Königsgambit
320:
1933 with 5/7 (+5â2=0), tied 3rdâ4th, half a point behind joint winners
5013:
4277:
3815:
2461:
2437:
2289:
2228:
1354:
1291:
1121:
1118:
1082:
1076:
944:
940:
862:
734:, and he did not participate in the first great post-war tournament at
422:
406:
4638:"The KeresâBotvinnik Case Revisited: A Further Survey of the Evidence"
4590:"The KeresâBotvinnik Case Revisited: A Further Survey of the Evidence"
3399:
872:
413:
to claim first with 10/11 (+9â0=2). He then won a theme tournament in
3884:
3697:
3641:
3583:
3465:
3311:
3096:
3014:
2428:
2386:
2323:
2181:
2111:
1939:
1738:
1696:
1450:
1393:
1327:
1298:. At Tallinn 1969, he shared 2ndâ3rd places on 9/13 as Stein won. At
1256:
1192:
1961 event, Keres shared 3rdâ5th places, on 12Âœ/19 (+7â1=11), behind
1177:
993:
856:
789:
776:
472:
468:
440:
This successful string earned him an invitation to the tournament at
383:
346:
4969:"Paul Keres vs. Mikhail Botvinnik, Alekhine Memorial (1956), Moscow"
4063:
3347:
3261:
2991:
2638:
1404:
have been held annually mainly in Vancouver and Tallinn ever since.
1185:
1165:
897:
by 6â4 (+2â4=4). This was the only match loss of Keres' long career.
846:
682:
537:, held in various cities in the Netherlands, ahead of chess legends
4909:"Paul Keres vs. Jose Raul Capablanca, AVRO (1938), The Netherlands"
4659:, by David Bronstein and Sergey Voronkov, Edition Olms, Zurich 2007
4260:
4161:
3975:
3800:
3743:
3682:
3611:
3506:
3477:
3435:
individual bronze (+6â0=7) on fourth board on gold medal USSR team
3284:
3027:
individual gold (+13â0=1) on fourth board for gold medal USSR team
2970:
2955:
2851:
2657:
2577:
2124:
1980:
1484:
1459:
The World Chess Federation named 2016 as "The Year of Paul Keres".
1412:
1389:
1331:
1303:
1260:
1224:
967:
832:
805:
675:
604:
542:
467:
1937â38 with 6Âœ/9 (+4â0=5) (half a point behind Reshevsky), and at
363:
149:
3712:
3519:
individual gold (+9â1=2) on fourth board for gold medal USSR team
2764:
2304:
1456:
In 2000, Keres was elected the Estonian Sportsman of the Century.
1428:
1323:
1204:
1961 (URS-ch29), Keres scored 11/20 for a shared 8â11th place, as
1181:
1176:
1959 (URS-ch26) with 10œ/19, as Petrosian won. Keres was third at
1114:
1099:
959:
893:
1965, lost his quarter-final match to eventual Candidates' winner
533:
In 1938, he tied with Fine for first, with 8œ/14, in the all-star
434:
3869:
3785:
3727:
3667:
3626:
3339:
individual gold (+8â0=5) on third board for gold medal USSR team
3326:
3231:
individual gold (+7â0=5) on third board for gold medal USSR team
3130:
individual gold (+7â0=5) on third board for gold medal USSR team
2746:
2676:
2558:
2448:
2200:
2162:
2143:
1972:
1283:
1248:
1173:
1133:
1103:
750:
317:
212:
153:
104:
2013:
517:
3847:
3561:
3381:
3288:
3239:
3218:
3151:
3054:
2933:
2915:
2897:
2833:
2779:
2695:
2619:
2596:
2537:
2511:
2277:
2261:
2242:
2219:
2095:
1734:
1070:
853:
and Reshevsky, two points behind Smyslov, with 16/28 (+8â4=16).
671:
663:
581:
418:
410:
402:
356:
4582:"The KeresâBotvinnik Case: A Survey of the Evidence â Part II"
4476:
2010:(B94), 1â0. A typical Sicilian sacrifice on e6 leads to swift
1449:. There are also the annual Keres Memorial tournament held in
603:
His next event was a 14-game match with former World Champion
4574:"The KeresâBotvinnik Case: A Survey of the Evidence â Part I"
792:
and Moscow, the tournament was limited to five participants:
588:
by Nazi Germany, which in turn lasted until the Soviet Union
445:
337:
270:
261:
204:
128:
4989:"Paul Keres vs. Edgar Walther, Tel-Aviv ol (1964), Tel Aviv"
1453:
and a number of chess clubs and festivals named after him.
1330:
1971 with 9/13, as Smyslov won. He shared 3rdâ5th places at
1286:
1968, he won with 12/15, two points ahead of World Champion
738:
which was won by Botvinnik, just ahead of Euwe and Smyslov.
328:
for the first time in 1935. He tied for first (+5â2=1) with
5156:
4561:, by Egon Varnusz, Cadogan Chess, London 1994, introduction
4124:
Only official tournament or match games are accounted for.
3362:
3280:
2728:
1673:
1558:
to beat nine undisputed world champions (the other two are
1499:
1408:
1201:
1189:
890:
883:, with 17/27 (+9â2=16). This event is discussed further at
771:
757:
Championship) with a near-perfect score of 18/19, ahead of
457:
1703:(1.d4 e6 2.c4 Bb4+) and a system on the Black side of the
1357:
1973, where he scored 8/17 for a shared 12â13th place, as
1314:
on the tenth board gave victory to the Soviet team in the
859:
1956, 2nd, 1Âœ points behind Smyslov, with 10/18 (+3â1=14).
4697:
European Men's Team Chess Championship :: Paul Keres
678:(Six Grandmasters' Tournament) in June 1943, with 7œ/10.
219:, Keres was forced by the circumstances to represent the
4053:
2484:+12â2=5 on first board for bronze medal winning Estonia
1085:
1970, USSR board 8, 5/5 (+5â0=0), team gold, board gold.
1079:
1961, USSR board 3, 6/8 (+4â0=4), team gold, board gold;
1073:
1957, USSR board 2, 3/5 (+1â0=4), team gold, board gold;
1040:, USSR board 4, 9Âœ/13 (+6â0=7), team gold, board bronze;
713:
250:, the strongest player never to become world champion.
4629:
1034:, USSR board 3, 10Âœ/13 (+8â0=5), team gold, board gold;
508:, Estonia board 1, 14Âœ/19 (+12â2=5), team bronze medal.
5065:
Grandmaster of Chess: The Complete Games of Paul Keres
5027:
The Best of Chess Life and Review, Volume 2, 1960â1980
4709:
Grandmaster of Chess: The Complete Games of Paul Keres
4564:
4489:
Grandmaster of Chess: The Complete Games of Paul Keres
4417:
Grandmaster of Chess: The Complete Games of Paul Keres
3509:
3425:
3329:
3221:
3120:
3017:
2973:
2474:
2336:
individual silver (+9â2=4) on first board for Estonia
2326:
2098:
1349:
At Tallinn 1973, he shared 3rdâ6th places on 9/15, as
1046:, USSR board 4, 10/12 (+9â1=2), team gold, board gold.
1028:, USSR board 3, 9Âœ/12 (+7â0=5), team gold, board gold;
1022:, USSR board 3, 9Âœ/12 (+7â0=5), team gold, board gold;
584:
Soviet Union in June 1940. This lasted until the 1941
502:, Estonia board 1, 11/15 (+9â2=4), board silver medal;
448:
1937, which he won with 9/14 (+6â2=6), ahead of Fine,
340:'s leading masters, in a training match, by (+3â1=0).
1672:), which appeared in 1974. Keres also co-founded the
704:
As resident of German-occupied Estonia (then part of
1884:
Grandmaster of Chess: The Middle Years of Paul Keres
1380:
Paul Keres' tomb at Tallinn's Metsakalmistu cemetery
1106:; this is an often overlooked aspect of his career.
611:
5224:
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
5161:
2016 - Year of Paul Keres 2016 - Year of Paul Keres
4889:"Paul Keres vs. Alexander Alekhine, Margate (1937)"
4617:"Yuri Averbakh: An Interview with History â Part 2"
4606:"Yuri Averbakh: An Interview with History â Part 1"
1554:(his two games with Karpov were drawn), making him
1326:1971, on 9Âœ/13, as Stein won. He shared 2ndâ4th at
1251:1965 (URS-ch33), he scored 11/19 for 6th place, as
576:, the previously independent nation of Estonia was
313:, and competed in several interuniversity matches.
1881:
1776:
1756:
1219:Further tournament championships followed. He won
512:
401:at 7Âœ/9 (+6â0=3), 1Âœ points ahead of Alekhine. In
5175:
662:(Six Grandmasters' Tournament) in June 1942, at
199:; 7 January 1916 â 5 June 1975) was an Estonian
4472:
4470:
2983:+3â2=7 on first board for gold medal USSR team
1911:The Later Years of Paul Keres Chess Grandmaster
1863:The Early Games of Paul Keres Chess Grandmaster
985:
5078:Paul Keres' Best Games, Volume 1: Closed Games
4856:Paul Keres' Best Games, Volume 1: Closed Games
4791:Paul Keres' Best Games, Volume I: Closed Games
4669:Paul Keres' Best Games, Volume I: Closed Games
4559:Paul Keres' Best Games Volume 1 â Closed Games
4505:http://www.olimpbase.org/players/cq6agwkb.html
4468:
4466:
4464:
4462:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4349:
2060:
1415:, his old friend and rival, was also present.
1334:1972 on 9œ/15, as Szabo won. He placed 5th at
1239:1964â65 with 8/9. He shared 1stâ2nd places at
1188:1961 (9/11, ahead of Petrosian). At the elite
1117:1955 with 9œ/10. Keres placed 2nd at the 1955
910:
645:
1431:, a district of Tallinn, named after Keres.
4929:"Max Euwe vs. Paul Keres, Amsterdam 1939/40"
4635:
4614:
4603:
4587:
4579:
4571:
1227:. He shared first place with World Champion
1208:won. Keres shared first with World Champion
1061:) vs. Keres, European Team Championship 1961
4447:
4092:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
215:was repeatedly invaded and occupied during
5209:International Judges of Chess Compositions
5020:
4491:, by Paul Keres, edited and translated by
4419:, by Paul Keres, edited and translated by
1754:
1263:1967, he shared 3rdâ4th places on 5Âœ/9 as
89:
4525:(in Russian). ĐĐ»ĐžĐŒĐżĐžŃ ĐŃĐ”ŃŃ. p. 464.
4112:Learn how and when to remove this message
1318:. He shared 1stâ2nd at Tallinn 1971 with
296:
227:(1941â44) in international tournaments.
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
4840:Peak Average Ratings: 20 year peak range
4761:
4759:
4685:Men's Chess Olympiads :: Paul Keres
4373:, Oxford University Press 1992, page 198
4369:David Hooper, Ken Whyld, Kenneth Whyld,
2044:Keres vs. Edgar Walther, Tel Aviv 1964,
1844:ĐąĐ”ĐŸŃĐžŃ ŃĐ°Ń
ĐŒĐ°ŃĐœŃŃ
ЎДбŃŃĐŸĐČ ĐŃĐșŃŃŃŃĐ” ЎДбŃŃŃ
1525:
1375:
1273:
1184:1960 with 12/15. He was the champion at
1049:
775:
772:World Championship Candidate (1948â1965)
749:, Lilienthal, and Flohr. He then won at
516:
260:
32:This article includes a list of general
5109:http://www.parnupostimees.ee/?id=368933
4858:, by Egon Varnusz, London, Cadogan 1987
1471:Statue in honour of Paul Keres in Narva
1418:
405:, he tied 1stâ3rd places with Fine and
5176:
4586:Kingston published a further article,
4295:Estonian Sportspersonality of the Year
4268:Estonian Sportspersonality of the Year
1755:Keres, Paul; Kotov, Alexander (1964).
1510:
1373:, just a few months before his death.
701:at Stockholm in 1944 by 5â1 (+4â0=2).
668:European Individual Chess Championship
16:Estonian chess grandmaster (1916â1975)
5219:Honoured Masters of Sport of the USSR
5143:All Paul Keres' victories to download
4756:
4699:. OlimpBase. Retrieved on 2009-11-06.
4687:. OlimpBase. Retrieved on 2009-11-06.
4520:
4444:, by Paul Keres, Arco 1972, pp 188â89
4054:Scores against other top grandmasters
1908:
1879:
1860:
1841:
1822:
1803:
1774:
1707:that runs 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 c6.
1530:The Paul Keres Chess House in Tallinn
1423:A statue honouring him is located in
1310:. Also in 1970, Keres's 3:1 win over
714:Second Soviet occupation (after 1944)
194:
5007:
4350:Leonard Barden (29 September 2023),
4127:
4090:adding citations to reliable sources
4057:
2065:Keres' tournament and match record:
552:, in a match against World Champion
490:, Estonia board 1, 12Âœ/19 (+11â5=3);
409:at 6/9 (+5â2=2). Keres dominated in
18:
5072:
4675:, Cadogan Chess, London 1987, p.xii
2025:, Moscow 1956 (Alekhine Memorial),
1983:vs. Keres, Amsterdam 1940 (match),
784:Although Keres participated in the
693:1944 (playing hors concours in the
374:1936, where he tied for first with
13:
4570:Kingston wrote a two-part series:
786:1948 World Championship tournament
378:at 6Âœ/9 (+4â0=5). He struggled at
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
5290:
5114:
5058:
1487:banknote with a portrait of Keres
1010:, USSR board 1, 6œ/12, team gold;
927:, Petrosian, Smyslov, Botvinnik,
612:First Soviet occupation (1940â41)
5199:20th-century non-fiction writers
4808:"Keres Memorial History Summary"
4495:, New York, ARCO Publishing 1972
4062:
1928:
1492:
1476:
1464:
1322:on 11Âœ/15. He shared 2ndâ3rd at
966:1950 with 14Âœ/19 (+11â1=7), and
919:three times. In 1947, he won at
23:
5135:Paul Keres at www.chesslady.com
5030:. Simon and Schuster. pp.
5001:
4981:
4961:
4941:
4921:
4901:
4881:
4861:
4849:
4833:
4821:
4800:
4784:
4735:
4714:
4702:
4690:
4678:
4662:
4650:
4552:
4543:
4529:
4514:
4498:
4482:
1665:Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings
1402:Paul Keres Memorial Tournaments
1093:
849:1953, tied 2ndâ4th, along with
732:1945 radio match against the US
567:
513:World Championship match denied
4435:
4426:
4410:
4385:
4376:
4363:
4343:
4320:
2068:
1505:issued in 1991 to honour Keres
1447:Paul Keres Memorial Tournament
1247:. In the USSR Championship at
1132:in a 1956 exhibition match at
1128:, with 13œ/20. Keres defeated
660:Salzburg 1942 chess tournament
307:Internationaler Fernschachbund
269:Keres was born in the town of
246:" in history, and, along with
1:
5082:Cadogan Chess, London, 1994,
4797:, Cadogan Chess 1987, p. xiii
4479:, the Paul Keres results file
4371:The Oxford Companion to Chess
4336:
2811:World Championship Tournament
1649:Dreispringer bis Königsgambit
1353:won. His last Interzonal was
1338:1972 on 9œ/15, as Petrosian,
1235:1964, with 12œ/17. He won at
1223:1964, with 11œ/15, tied with
885:World Chess Championship 1963
736:the 1946 Groningen tournament
433:won. Then he tied 2ndâ4th in
256:
5259:Estonian non-fiction writers
5123:player profile and games at
4507:(1935, 1937, 1939 results);
4432:rogerpaige.me.uk/tables4.htm
1200:. In the USSR Championship,
1180:1959â60 with 7/9. He won at
1168:1959, at 10œ/15, along with
986:International team successes
865:1959, 2nd, 1œ points behind
670:) in September 1942, and at
211:match on five occasions. As
7:
5011:. "Paul Keres, 1916â1975".
4830:Retrieved 20 February 2016.
4477:http://www.chessmetrics.com
2061:Tournament and match record
1216:in Los Angeles with 8œ/14.
911:Three-time champion of USSR
753:1946 (hors concours in the
646:German occupation (1941â44)
366:1935, he placed 2nd behind
324:and V. Kappe. Keres became
10:
5295:
5274:Soviet non-fiction writers
5239:Chess Olympiad competitors
5214:University of Tartu alumni
5194:20th-century chess players
5052:
5017:. Vol. December 1975.
4810:. Keresmemorial.chessbc.ca
4523:ĐŃĐŽĐ°ŃŃОДŃŃ ŃĐ°Ń
ĐŒĐ°ŃĐžŃŃŃ ĐŒĐžŃĐ°
3899:
3408:1962 Candidates Tournament
2539:Absolute USSR Championship
1806:Keres' Best Games of Chess
1759:The Art of the Middle Game
1618:The Art of the Middle Game
1514:
1316:match vs Rest of the World
1306:1970 with 10/15, ahead of
1164:). He was tied 3rdâ4th at
962:1947 with 9Âœ/13 (+7â1=5),
707:Reichskommissariat Ostland
697:). Keres won a match with
232:AVRO 1938 chess tournament
4769:. Zone.ee. Archived from
4395:. Zone.ee. Archived from
4301:
4292:
4284:
4274:
4265:
4257:
4252:
1660:Vierspringer bis Spanisch
1556:one of only three players
1400:cemetery in Tallinn. The
1294:1969 with 10œ/15, behind
1278:Keres in Amsterdam (1971)
875:1962, tied 2ndâ3rd, with
656:Grossdeutscher Schachbund
564:of Capablanca and Flohr.
463:Keres tied for second at
421:with 11Âœ/17 (+8â2=7), as
180:
170:
159:
139:
115:
100:
88:
83:
5279:Burials at Metsakalmistu
4313:
4253:Awards and achievements
1748:
1645:Spanisch bis Französisch
1521:to describe chess moves.
1364:
1212:at the very strong 1963
1160:1957â58 (7Âœ/9, ahead of
1152:1957 with 6/7, ahead of
550:World Chess Championship
209:World Chess Championship
5204:Sportspeople from Narva
5014:Chess Life & Review
4646:(subscription required)
4625:(subscription required)
2002:, Amsterdam 1954 (ol),
1961:, AVRO Amsterdam 1938,
1944:Modern Steinitz Defence
1779:Practical Chess Endings
1634:Practical Chess Endings
917:USSR Chess Championship
843:, with 9Âœ/18 (+3â2=13).
826:Candidates' Tournaments
586:invasion and occupation
351:for Estonia in the 6th
273:(now in Estonia), then
223:(1940â41, 1944â75) and
53:more precise citations.
5254:Estonian chess players
4423:, Arco, New York, 1977
1985:Queen's Indian Defence
1685:Scheveningen Variation
1531:
1381:
1279:
1144:1957 (15/17, ahead of
1062:
879:, half a point behind
781:
658:. Alekhine won at the
530:
521:Keres playing against
297:In independent Estonia
266:
196:[ËpÉuÌŻlËkeres]
5069:Arco, New York, 1977.
4745:. Thechesslibrary.com
4724:. Thechesslibrary.com
4636:Kingston, T. (2001).
4615:Kingston, T. (2002).
4604:Kingston, T. (2002).
4588:Kingston, T. (2001).
4580:Kingston, T. (1998).
4572:Kingston, T. (1998).
3297:Candidates Tournament
3105:Candidates Tournament
3000:Candidates Tournament
2860:Candidates Tournament
2755:Georgian Championship
2685:Estonian Championship
2606:European Championship
2567:Estonian Championship
2046:King's Indian Defence
1529:
1379:
1277:
1259:1966â67 with 7/9. At
1053:
779:
623:USSR Chess Federation
600:with 8Âœ/11 (+7â1=3).
520:
275:Petrograd Governorate
264:
240:Candidates Tournament
5269:Soviet chess writers
5264:Soviet chess players
4773:on February 24, 2008
4509:Grandmaster of Chess
4442:Grandmaster of Chess
4399:on February 24, 2008
4152:JosĂ© RaĂșl Capablanca
4086:improve this section
3650:Hoogovens tournament
3474:Hoogovens tournament
2719:Swedish Championship
2109:
2034:
2011:
1970:
1959:JosĂ© RaĂșl Capablanca
1909:Keres, Paul (2012).
1880:Keres, Paul (1966).
1861:Keres, Paul (2012).
1842:Keres, Paul (1949).
1823:Keres, Paul (1960).
1804:Keres, Paul (1960).
1775:Keres, Paul (1973).
1710:Keres published 180
1607:Grandmaster of Chess
1483:The former Estonian
1419:Memory and memorials
991:
695:Swedish Championship
621:, among others. The
578:invaded and occupied
450:JosĂ© RaĂșl Capablanca
437:with 4Âœ/7 (+3â1=3).
344:
303:correspondence chess
5244:Chess theoreticians
5155:24. November 2015,
4874:, Arco Publishing,
2737:Baltic Championship
2050:Petrosian Variation
2031:Classical Variation
1888:. Arco Publishing.
1576:Savielly Tartakower
1564:Alexander Beliavsky
1511:Legacy and writings
1243:1965 on 11/15 with
1098:Beginning with the
728:Baltic Championship
654:, President of the
326:champion of Estonia
311:University of Tartu
5234:Chess Grandmasters
5166:2016-03-04 at the
5148:2012-01-31 at the
5130:Estonian banknotes
4868:Great Chess Upsets
4521:Đ„Đ”ŃŃŃ, Đ. (2004).
4134:Alexander Alekhine
3950:Paul Felix Schmidt
3476:, shared 1â2 with
1967:Tarrasch Variation
1936:Alexander Alekhine
1532:
1519:algebraic notation
1517:This section uses
1382:
1280:
1063:
835:1950, 4th, behind
782:
761:and a 16-year-old
590:reoccupied Estonia
554:Alexander Alekhine
531:
388:Paul Felix Schmidt
376:Alexander Alekhine
322:Paul Felix Schmidt
267:
244:Super grandmasters
236:Alexander Alekhine
184:No. 11 (July 1971)
5022:Pandolfini, Bruce
4643:. The Chess Cafe.
4622:. The Chess Cafe.
4611:. The Chess Cafe.
4595:. The Chess Cafe.
4584:. The Chess Cafe.
4576:. The Chess Cafe.
4327:Super grandmaster
4311:
4310:
4302:Succeeded by
4275:Succeeded by
4247:
4246:
4140:Mikhail Botvinnik
4122:
4121:
4114:
4049:
4048:
4002:Wolfgang Unzicker
3937:Feliks Kibbermann
3924:Gunnar Friedemann
3895:
3894:
3850:USSR Championship
3564:USSR Championship
3384:USSR Championship
3242:USSR Championship
3154:USSR Championship
3057:USSR Championship
2936:USSR Championship
2918:USSR Championship
2900:USSR Championship
2836:USSR Championship
2782:USSR Championship
2514:USSR Championship
2023:Mikhail Botvinnik
2008:Najdorf Variation
1592:Isaac Boleslavsky
1588:Svetozar GligoriÄ
1162:Svetozar GligoriÄ
1130:Wolfgang Unzicker
841:Isaac Boleslavsky
794:Mikhail Botvinnik
721:Vladimirs Petrovs
632:Isaac Boleslavsky
619:Mikhail Botvinnik
539:Mikhail Botvinnik
506:Buenos Aires 1939
479:on 4â4 (+2â2=4).
452:, Reshevsky, and
427:Vladimirs Petrovs
334:Feliks Kibbermann
330:Gunnar Friedemann
201:chess grandmaster
188:
187:
181:Peak ranking
79:
78:
71:
5286:
5139:
5081:
5068:
5046:
5045:
5018:
5009:Bisguier, Arthur
5005:
4999:
4998:
4985:
4979:
4978:
4965:
4959:
4958:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4885:
4879:
4872:Samuel Reshevsky
4865:
4859:
4853:
4847:
4837:
4831:
4825:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4804:
4798:
4788:
4782:
4781:
4779:
4778:
4763:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4718:
4712:
4706:
4700:
4694:
4688:
4682:
4676:
4666:
4660:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4612:
4610:
4596:
4594:
4585:
4577:
4568:
4562:
4556:
4550:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4533:
4527:
4526:
4518:
4512:
4502:
4496:
4486:
4480:
4474:
4445:
4439:
4433:
4430:
4424:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4389:
4383:
4380:
4374:
4367:
4361:
4360:
4347:
4330:
4324:
4285:Preceded by
4258:Preceded by
4250:
4249:
4208:Tigran Petrosian
4128:
4117:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4097:
4066:
4058:
3963:Gideon StÄhlberg
3906:
3905:
3852:
3566:
3550:shared 1â2 with
3513:
3495:shared 1â2 with
3429:
3386:
3333:
3244:
3225:
3156:
3124:
3059:
3043:shared 1â2 with
3021:
2977:
2938:
2920:
2902:
2838:
2784:
2665:shared 1â2 with
2541:
2516:
2500:shared 1â2 with
2478:
2413:shared 1â2 with
2330:
2227:shared 1â3 with
2208:shared 1â2 with
2151:shared 1â2 with
2113:
2102:
2075:
2074:
2038:
2027:Sicilian Defence
2015:
2004:Sicilian Defence
1974:
1938:, Margate 1937,
1924:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1887:
1876:
1857:
1838:
1819:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1783:. R.H.M. Press.
1782:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1762:
1730:Samuel Reshevsky
1689:Sicilian Defence
1496:
1480:
1468:
1384:Keres died of a
1371:FriĂ°rik Ălafsson
1359:Henrique Mecking
1290:. He was 2nd at
1288:Tigran Petrosian
1229:Tigran Petrosian
1210:Tigran Petrosian
995:
972:Gideon StÄhlberg
949:Igor Bondarevsky
881:Tigran Petrosian
802:Samuel Reshevsky
763:Tigran Petrosian
747:Alexander Tolush
640:Igor Bondarevsky
636:Andor Lilienthal
477:Gideon StÄhlberg
431:Samuel Reshevsky
348:
343:Keres played on
198:
176:2615 (July 1971)
172:Peak rating
146:
125:
123:
93:
81:
80:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
5294:
5293:
5289:
5288:
5287:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5229:Chess composers
5174:
5173:
5168:Wayback Machine
5150:Wayback Machine
5137:
5117:
5055:
5050:
5049:
5042:
5019:. Reprinted in
5006:
5002:
4987:
4986:
4982:
4967:
4966:
4962:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4927:
4926:
4922:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4887:
4886:
4882:
4866:
4862:
4854:
4850:
4838:
4834:
4828:rexfeatures.com
4826:
4822:
4813:
4811:
4806:
4805:
4801:
4789:
4785:
4776:
4774:
4765:
4764:
4757:
4748:
4746:
4741:
4740:
4736:
4727:
4725:
4720:
4719:
4715:
4707:
4703:
4695:
4691:
4683:
4679:
4667:
4663:
4655:
4651:
4645:
4640:
4634:
4630:
4624:
4619:
4608:
4592:
4569:
4565:
4557:
4553:
4548:
4544:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4519:
4515:
4503:
4499:
4487:
4483:
4475:
4448:
4440:
4436:
4431:
4427:
4415:
4411:
4402:
4400:
4391:
4390:
4386:
4381:
4377:
4368:
4364:
4348:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4325:
4321:
4316:
4307:
4298:
4290:
4280:
4271:
4263:
4248:
4196:Viktor Korchnoi
4146:David Bronstein
4118:
4107:
4101:
4098:
4083:
4067:
4056:
3902:
3777:shared 1stâ3rd
3543:MariĂĄnskĂ© LĂĄznÄ
3451:Piatigorsky Cup
2296:shared 1stâ3rd
2115:
2071:
2063:
2040:
2017:
2000:Jaroslav Ć ajtar
1976:
1931:
1921:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1873:
1854:
1835:
1816:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1766:
1764:
1763:. Penguin Books
1751:
1745:, and bridge."
1705:English Opening
1693:Efim Bogolyubov
1622:Alexander Kotov
1596:Efim Bogoljubov
1568:Viktor Korchnoi
1560:Victor Korchnoi
1541:Victor Korchnoi
1534:The unofficial
1524:
1523:
1522:
1513:
1506:
1497:
1488:
1481:
1472:
1469:
1421:
1367:
1296:Viktor Korchnoi
1255:won. He won at
1241:MariĂĄnskĂ© LĂĄznÄ
1214:Piatigorsky Cup
1154:Alexander Kotov
1126:David Bronstein
1096:
997:
988:
953:Alexander Kotov
933:David Bronstein
913:
851:David Bronstein
837:David Bronstein
774:
743:Alexander Kotov
716:
648:
614:
570:
535:AVRO tournament
527:AVRO tournament
515:
454:Erich Eliskases
390:with (+3â3=1).
350:
299:
259:
248:Viktor Korchnoi
148:
144:
127:
121:
119:
107:
96:
75:
64:
58:
55:
45:Please help to
44:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5292:
5282:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5172:
5171:
5153:
5140:
5132:
5127:
5125:Chessgames.com
5116:
5115:External links
5113:
5112:
5111:
5105:
5102:
5091:
5070:
5061:Harry Golombek
5054:
5051:
5048:
5047:
5040:
5024:, ed. (1988).
5000:
4994:Chessgames.com
4980:
4974:Chessgames.com
4960:
4954:Chessgames.com
4940:
4934:Chessgames.com
4920:
4914:Chessgames.com
4900:
4894:Chessgames.com
4880:
4860:
4848:
4832:
4820:
4799:
4783:
4755:
4734:
4713:
4701:
4689:
4677:
4661:
4649:
4628:
4563:
4551:
4542:
4528:
4513:
4497:
4493:Harry Golombek
4481:
4446:
4434:
4425:
4421:Harry Golombek
4409:
4384:
4375:
4362:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4308:
4303:
4300:
4291:
4286:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4273:
4264:
4259:
4255:
4254:
4245:
4244:
4240:
4239:
4233:
4227:
4224:Vasily Smyslov
4221:
4218:Lajos Portisch
4213:
4212:
4211:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4190:Anatoly Karpov
4185:
4184:
4183:
4177:
4171:
4165:
4157:
4156:
4155:
4149:
4143:
4137:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4102:September 2008
4070:
4068:
4061:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4041:Borislav Ivkov
4038:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4017:
4012:
4008:
4007:
4004:
3999:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3986:
3982:
3981:
3978:
3973:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3960:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3947:
3943:
3942:
3939:
3934:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3921:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3901:
3898:
3897:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3882:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3867:
3863:
3862:
3856:
3853:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3821:
3818:
3813:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3783:
3779:
3778:
3764:
3761:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3741:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3725:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3710:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3680:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3665:
3661:
3660:
3647:
3644:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3624:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3570:
3567:
3559:
3555:
3554:
3548:
3545:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3525:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3504:
3500:
3499:
3493:
3490:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3471:
3468:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3437:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3420:
3416:
3415:
3405:
3402:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3368:
3365:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3324:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3294:
3291:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3248:
3245:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3216:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3186:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3171:
3167:
3166:
3160:
3157:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3102:
3099:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3082:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3069:
3063:
3060:
3052:
3048:
3047:
3041:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3012:
3008:
3007:
2997:
2994:
2989:
2985:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2942:
2939:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:Szczawno-ZdrĂłj
2880:
2876:
2875:
2857:
2854:
2849:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2816:
2813:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2762:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2731:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2713:
2708:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2693:
2689:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2663:
2660:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2644:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2625:
2622:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2602:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2545:
2542:
2535:
2531:
2530:
2520:
2517:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2469:
2465:
2464:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2411:
2408:
2403:
2399:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2384:
2380:
2379:
2373:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2310:
2307:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2283:
2280:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2225:
2222:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2168:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2130:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2106:
2103:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2042:
2019:
1996:
1978:
1963:French Defence
1955:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1920:978-4871875424
1919:
1913:. Ishi Press.
1906:
1895:978-4871875417
1894:
1877:
1872:978-4871875400
1871:
1865:. Ishi Press.
1858:
1852:
1846:. Ishi Press.
1839:
1833:
1827:. Ishi Press.
1820:
1814:
1808:. Ishi Press.
1801:
1789:
1772:
1750:
1747:
1723:eastern Europe
1719:western Europe
1548:Anatoly Karpov
1516:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1498:
1491:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1463:
1420:
1417:
1366:
1363:
1344:Anatoly Karpov
1340:Lajos Portisch
1245:Vlastimil Hort
1146:Miguel Najdorf
1095:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1080:
1074:
1048:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1014:Amsterdam 1954
1011:
987:
984:
964:Szczawno-ZdrĂłj
912:
909:
899:
898:
888:
870:
860:
854:
844:
800:, Paul Keres,
798:Vasily Smyslov
773:
770:
759:Vladas MikÄnas
715:
712:
647:
644:
628:Vasily Smyslov
613:
610:
598:Miguel Najdorf
569:
566:
514:
511:
510:
509:
503:
500:Stockholm 1937
497:
491:
368:Paulin Frydman
353:Chess Olympiad
298:
295:
287:chess notation
279:Russian Empire
265:Keres, c. 1938
258:
255:
230:Keres won the
186:
185:
182:
178:
177:
174:
168:
167:
161:
157:
156:
147:(aged 59)
141:
137:
136:
133:Russian Empire
126:7 January 1916
117:
113:
112:
102:
98:
97:
94:
86:
85:
77:
76:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5291:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5249:Chess writers
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5181:
5179:
5169:
5165:
5162:
5158:
5154:
5151:
5147:
5144:
5141:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5100:
5099:0-08-037139-6
5096:
5092:
5089:
5088:1-85744-064-1
5085:
5079:
5075:
5074:Varnusz, Egon
5071:
5066:
5062:
5059:Keres, Paul.
5057:
5056:
5043:
5041:0-671-66175-2
5037:
5033:
5029:
5028:
5023:
5016:
5015:
5010:
5004:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4984:
4976:
4975:
4970:
4964:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4944:
4936:
4935:
4930:
4924:
4916:
4915:
4910:
4904:
4896:
4895:
4890:
4884:
4878:1976, p. 185.
4877:
4873:
4869:
4864:
4857:
4852:
4845:
4841:
4836:
4829:
4824:
4809:
4803:
4796:
4792:
4787:
4772:
4768:
4762:
4760:
4744:
4738:
4723:
4717:
4710:
4705:
4698:
4693:
4686:
4681:
4674:
4670:
4665:
4658:
4653:
4639:
4632:
4618:
4607:
4600:
4599:Yuri Averbakh
4591:
4583:
4575:
4567:
4560:
4555:
4546:
4538:
4532:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4506:
4501:
4494:
4490:
4485:
4478:
4473:
4471:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4443:
4438:
4429:
4422:
4418:
4413:
4398:
4394:
4388:
4379:
4372:
4366:
4359:
4358:
4353:
4346:
4342:
4328:
4323:
4319:
4306:
4297:
4296:
4289:
4283:
4279:
4270:
4269:
4262:
4256:
4251:
4243:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4230:Boris Spassky
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4174:Bobby Fischer
4172:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4160:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4125:
4116:
4113:
4105:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4081:
4080:
4076:
4071:This section
4069:
4065:
4060:
4059:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4031:
4029:
4028:Boris Spassky
4026:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3990:
3989:Folke Ekström
3987:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3511:16th Olympiad
3508:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3427:15th Olympiad
3424:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3331:14th Olympiad
3328:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3223:13th Olympiad
3220:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:Mar del Plata
3172:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3122:12th Olympiad
3118:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3019:11th Olympiad
3016:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2975:10th Olympiad
2972:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2269:Quadrangular
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2066:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1989:Old main line
1986:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1929:Notable games
1922:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1897:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1792:
1790:0-89058-028-6
1786:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1761:
1760:
1753:
1752:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1713:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1701:Keres Defence
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1641:0-7134-4210-7
1638:
1635:
1631:
1630:0-486-26154-9
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1614:0-668-02645-6
1611:
1608:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1580:Mark Taimanov
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1552:Bobby Fischer
1549:
1544:
1542:
1537:
1528:
1520:
1504:
1503:postage stamp
1501:
1495:
1490:
1486:
1479:
1474:
1467:
1462:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1398:Metsakalmistu
1395:
1391:
1387:
1378:
1374:
1372:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1276:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1206:Boris Spassky
1203:
1199:
1198:Bobby Fischer
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:Bobby Fischer
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1142:Mar del Plata
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1091:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1060:
1056:
1055:Gedeon Barcza
1052:
1045:
1044:Tel Aviv 1964
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:Helsinki 1952
1006:
1005:
1004:
1002:
996:
983:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
956:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
937:Mark Taimanov
934:
930:
929:Yuri Averbakh
926:
922:
918:
908:
905:
896:
895:Boris Spassky
892:
889:
886:
882:
878:
874:
871:
868:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
848:
845:
842:
838:
834:
831:
830:
829:
827:
821:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
780:Keres in 1954
778:
769:
766:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
739:
737:
733:
729:
724:
722:
711:
709:
708:
702:
700:
699:Folke Ekström
696:
692:
688:
687:Stig Lundholm
684:
679:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
652:Ehrhardt Post
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
620:
609:
606:
601:
599:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
565:
561:
559:
555:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
528:
524:
519:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
485:
484:
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
360:
358:
354:
349:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
312:
308:
304:
294:
292:
291:chess puzzles
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
263:
254:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
228:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
197:
192:
183:
179:
175:
173:
169:
165:
162:
158:
155:
151:
142:
138:
135:(now Estonia)
134:
130:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
99:
95:Keres in 1969
92:
87:
82:
73:
70:
62:
52:
48:
42:
41:
35:
30:
21:
20:
5152:(Pgn format)
5077:
5064:
5026:
5012:
5003:
4992:
4983:
4972:
4963:
4952:
4943:
4932:
4923:
4912:
4903:
4892:
4883:
4867:
4863:
4855:
4851:
4844:Chessmetrics
4835:
4823:
4812:. Retrieved
4802:
4795:Egon Varnusz
4790:
4786:
4775:. Retrieved
4771:the original
4767:"Paul Keres"
4747:. Retrieved
4737:
4726:. Retrieved
4716:
4708:
4704:
4692:
4680:
4673:Egon Varnusz
4668:
4664:
4657:Secret Notes
4656:
4652:
4631:
4566:
4558:
4554:
4545:
4531:
4522:
4516:
4508:
4500:
4488:
4484:
4441:
4437:
4428:
4416:
4412:
4401:. Retrieved
4397:the original
4393:"Paul Keres"
4387:
4378:
4370:
4365:
4357:The Guardian
4355:
4345:
4322:
4305:Toomas Leius
4293:
4288:Toomas Leius
4266:
4241:
4123:
4108:
4099:
4084:Please help
4072:
3823:Interzonal,
3488:Buenos Aires
3453:, tied with
3084:Interzonal,
2493:Buenos Aires
2476:8th Olympiad
2472:Buenos Aires
2328:7th Olympiad
2116:for Estonia
2100:6th Olympiad
2064:
1952:combinations
1910:
1899:. Retrieved
1883:
1862:
1843:
1824:
1805:
1794:. Retrieved
1778:
1765:. Retrieved
1758:
1727:
1716:
1709:
1682:
1677:
1669:
1663:
1659:
1648:
1644:
1633:
1617:
1606:
1604:
1584:Milan Vidmar
1545:
1536:Chessmetrics
1533:
1458:
1455:
1444:
1439:
1433:
1422:
1406:
1386:heart attack
1383:
1368:
1348:
1308:Laszlo Szabo
1300:Wijk aan Zee
1281:
1253:Leonid Stein
1233:Buenos Aires
1218:
1140:. Keres won
1108:
1097:
1094:Later career
1088:
1064:
1058:
1032:Leipzig 1960
989:
980:Egon Varnusz
976:LĂĄszlĂł Szabo
957:
914:
903:
900:
822:
818:
783:
767:
740:
725:
717:
705:
703:
680:
655:
649:
615:
602:
594:
574:World War II
571:
568:World War II
562:
558:Soviet Union
547:
532:
481:
462:
439:
392:
361:
342:
315:
300:
268:
252:
229:
225:Nazi Germany
221:Soviet Union
217:World War II
190:
189:
145:(1975-06-05)
109:Soviet Union
65:
59:January 2022
56:
37:
5189:1975 deaths
5184:1916 births
4722:"BLED 1961"
4236:Mikhail Tal
4226:: +8â10=21
4202:Bent Larsen
4180:Efim Geller
4168:Reuben Fine
4015:Efim Geller
3833:Polugaevsky
3759:San Antonio
3443:Los Angeles
2868:Boleslavsky
2527:Bondarevsky
2417:, ahead of
2112:first board
2108:+11â5=3 on
2069:Tournaments
2014:resignation
1600:Bent Larsen
1572:Efim Geller
1351:Mikhail Tal
1336:San Antonio
1320:Mikhail Tal
1269:Klaus Darga
1265:Bent Larsen
1194:Mikhail Tal
1138:Mikhail Tal
1026:Munich 1958
1020:Moscow 1956
1001:Munich 1936
925:Efim Geller
877:Efim Geller
867:Mikhail Tal
814:round-robin
810:Reuben Fine
523:Reuben Fine
494:Munich 1936
488:Warsaw 1935
399:Reuben Fine
372:Bad Nauheim
164:Grandmaster
143:5 June 1975
51:introducing
5178:Categories
5170:, fide.com
5138:(in Czech)
5121:Paul Keres
4814:2008-10-26
4777:2008-10-26
4749:2008-10-26
4743:"BAIRES64"
4728:2008-10-26
4403:2008-10-26
4337:References
4278:Hanno Selg
3816:Petropolis
3457:for first
2608:", behind
2523:Lilienthal
2458:Capablanca
2081:Tournament
2037:positional
2021:Keres vs.
1998:Keres vs.
1957:Keres vs.
1934:Keres vs.
1901:2024-04-25
1853:4871875474
1834:4871875431
1815:4871875482
1796:2024-04-25
1767:2024-04-25
1728:His rival
1656:4871875431
1411:President
1355:Petropolis
1292:Luhacovice
1122:Interzonal
1119:Gothenburg
1083:Kapfenberg
1077:Oberhausen
1038:Varna 1962
958:Keres won
945:Salo Flohr
941:Lev Aronin
904:unofficial
863:Yugoslavia
475:1938 with
423:Salo Flohr
407:Henry Grob
257:Early life
191:Paul Keres
122:1916-01-07
84:Paul Keres
34:references
4238:: +8â4=20
4232:: +3â5=29
4210:: +3â3=27
4198:: +4â1=12
4182:: +8â7=21
4164:: +11â7=9
4148:: +4â6=18
4073:does not
3885:Vancouver
3771:Petrosian
3735:with Tal
3698:Amsterdam
3654:Botvinnik
3652:, behind
3642:Beverwijk
3584:Stockholm
3497:Petrosian
3466:Beverwijk
3455:Petrosian
3412:Petrosian
3312:Stockholm
3251:Petrosian
3097:Amsterdam
3086:Bronstein
3015:Amsterdam
2945:Botvinnik
2870:1stâ2nd,
2864:Bronstein
2819:Botvinnik
2711:Lidköping
2646:ahead of
2549:Botvinnik
2456:ahead of
2429:Leningrad
2419:Botvinnik
2395:Eliskases
2387:Noordwijk
2376:Reshevsky
2356:ahead of
2345:Semmering
2324:Stockholm
2286:Reshevsky
2250:ahead of
2182:Zandvoort
2054:sacrifice
1940:Ruy Lopez
1739:ping-pong
1697:Ruy Lopez
1678:Shakhmaty
1676:magazine
1451:Vancouver
1434:The five
1425:TÔnismÀgi
1394:Vancouver
1328:Amsterdam
1257:Stockholm
1221:Beverwijk
1178:Stockholm
1156:. He won
1124:, behind
994:board one
921:Leningrad
857:Amsterdam
790:The Hague
691:Lidköping
582:Stalinist
473:Stockholm
469:Noordwijk
442:Semmering
384:Zandvoort
347:top board
336:, one of
289:from the
111:(1944â75)
5164:Archived
5146:Archived
4876:New York
4261:Uno Palu
4220:: +1â4=3
4204:: +2â0=4
4192:: +0â0=2
4176:: +3â4=3
4170:: +3â1=8
4162:Max Euwe
4154:: +1â0=5
4142:: +3â8=9
4136:: +1â5=8
3976:Max Euwe
3912:Opponent
3839:2ndâ4th
3837:Portisch
3801:Dortmund
3775:Portisch
3744:Sarajevo
3683:Budapest
3612:Winnipeg
3528:Hastings
3507:Tel Aviv
3285:Belgrade
3204:Hastings
3189:Santiago
3077:Göteborg
3036:Hastings
2971:Helsinki
2956:Budapest
2852:Budapest
2667:Alekhine
2658:Salzburg
2648:GrĂŒnfeld
2629:Alekhine
2610:Alekhine
2587:Alekhine
2578:Salzburg
2569:+15â0=0
2368:Hastings
2171:Alekhine
2153:Alekhine
2125:Helsinki
1981:Max Euwe
1973:tactical
1743:swimming
1712:problems
1485:5 krooni
1413:Max Euwe
1390:Helsinki
1332:Sarajevo
1304:Budapest
1261:Winnipeg
1237:Hastings
1225:Iivo Nei
1158:Hastings
1150:Santiago
1111:Hastings
968:Budapest
833:Budapest
806:Max Euwe
755:Georgian
676:Salzburg
605:Max Euwe
543:Max Euwe
465:Hastings
364:Helsinki
150:Helsinki
5063:(ed.).
5053:Sources
4094:removed
4079:sources
4045:+2â0=2
4032:+2â4=4
4019:+2â1=5
4006:+4â0=4
3993:+4â0=2
3980:+6â5=3
3972:1939/40
3967:+2â2=4
3954:+3â3=1
3941:+3â1=0
3928:+2â1=0
3915:Result
3900:Matches
3870:Tallinn
3859:Spassky
3825:Mecking
3786:Tallinn
3728:Tallinn
3668:Tallinn
3627:Bamberg
3580:1966/67
3524:1964/65
3400:Curaçao
3327:Leipzig
3308:1959/60
3200:1957/58
3119:Moscow
3109:Smyslov
3045:Smyslov
3032:1954/55
3004:Smyslov
2872:Smyslov
2823:Smyslov
2747:Tbilisi
2725:1944/45
2687:+6â1=4
2677:Tallinn
2627:behind
2585:behind
2559:Tallinn
2547:behind
2502:Najdorf
2449:Margate
2431:âMoscow
2364:1937/38
2313:Schmidt
2294:Petrovs
2201:Margate
2163:Dresden
2144:Nauheim
2133:Frydman
1991:(E19),
1946:(C71),
1687:of the
1284:Bamberg
1249:Tallinn
1174:Tbilisi
1148:), and
1134:Hamburg
1104:Estonia
873:Curaçao
751:Tbilisi
580:by the
572:During
529:in 1938
395:Margate
380:Dresden
318:Tallinn
277:of the
213:Estonia
154:Finland
105:Estonia
101:Country
47:improve
5097:
5086:
5038:
5032:352â53
4846:, 2005
4242:
3835:, and
3829:Geller
3773:, and
3767:Karpov
3658:Geller
3598:Moscow
3348:ZĂŒrich
3289:Zagreb
3262:ZĂŒrich
3219:Munich
3138:Moscow
3066:Geller
2992:ZĂŒrich
2797:Moscow
2696:Madrid
2639:PoznaĆ
2620:Prague
2597:Munich
2292:, and
2278:Kemeri
2262:Vienna
2252:Zinner
2243:Prague
2220:Ostend
2096:Warsaw
2087:Notes
2056:on g4.
2041:style.
1917:
1892:
1869:
1850:
1831:
1812:
1787:
1735:tennis
1658:, and
1654:
1639:
1632:, and
1628:
1620:(with
1612:
1440:krooni
1436:kroons
1342:, and
1186:ZĂŒrich
1166:ZĂŒrich
1071:Vienna
951:, and
847:ZĂŒrich
804:, and
672:Prague
664:Munich
638:, and
419:Kemeri
415:Vienna
411:Prague
403:Ostend
357:Warsaw
283:Harald
166:(1950)
36:, but
4870:, by
4793:, by
4671:, by
4641:(PDF)
4620:(PDF)
4609:(PDF)
4593:(PDF)
4314:Notes
4299:1962
4272:1959
3848:41st
3827:1st;
3820:12â13
3713:PĂ€rnu
3573:Stein
3562:33rd
3423:Varna
3382:29th
3240:26th
3152:24th
3055:22nd
2941:10â11
2934:20th
2916:19th
2898:18th
2834:17th
2821:1st,
2780:15th
2765:PĂ€rnu
2512:12th
2462:Flohr
2438:Flohr
2434:12â13
2349:Baden
2305:PĂ€rnu
2290:Flohr
2084:Place
1977:game.
1749:Books
1429:NÔmme
1365:Death
1346:won.
1324:PĂ€rnu
1312:Ivkov
1271:won.
1182:PĂ€rnu
1115:PĂ€rnu
1100:PĂ€rnu
960:PĂ€rnu
689:, at
683:Posen
446:Baden
435:PĂ€rnu
397:with
338:Tartu
271:Narva
205:chess
160:Title
129:Narva
5157:FIDE
5095:ISBN
5084:ISBN
5036:ISBN
4613:and
4578:and
4077:any
4075:cite
4037:1970
4024:1965
4011:1962
3998:1956
3985:1944
3959:1938
3946:1936
3933:1935
3920:1935
3909:Year
3881:1975
3866:1975
3861:won
3855:9â12
3844:1973
3812:1973
3797:1973
3782:1973
3755:1972
3740:1972
3724:1971
3709:1971
3694:1971
3679:1970
3664:1969
3656:and
3638:1969
3623:1968
3608:1967
3601:9â12
3595:1967
3575:won
3558:1965
3552:Hort
3539:1965
3503:1964
3484:1964
3462:1964
3449:1st
3440:1963
3419:1962
3414:won
3396:1962
3389:8â11
3378:1961
3373:won
3363:Bled
3359:1961
3344:1961
3323:1960
3303:won
3281:Bled
3277:1959
3272:won
3258:1959
3253:won
3236:1959
3215:1958
3185:1957
3170:1957
3165:won
3148:1957
3135:1956
3116:1956
3111:won
3093:1956
3088:won
3073:1955
3068:won
3051:1955
3011:1954
3006:1st
2988:1953
2967:1952
2952:1952
2947:won
2930:1952
2912:1951
2894:1950
2879:1950
2874:3rd
2866:and
2848:1950
2830:1949
2825:2nd
2807:1948
2794:1947
2776:1947
2761:1947
2743:1946
2729:Riga
2707:1944
2692:1943
2673:1943
2654:1943
2635:1943
2616:1943
2593:1942
2574:1942
2555:1942
2534:1941
2529:won
2525:and
2508:1940
2489:1939
2468:1939
2460:and
2445:1939
2440:won
2425:1939
2415:Fine
2406:AVRO
2402:1938
2397:won
2383:1938
2378:won
2358:Fine
2341:1937
2320:1937
2315:won
2301:1937
2274:1937
2258:1937
2239:1937
2233:Fine
2231:and
2229:Grob
2216:1937
2210:Fine
2197:1937
2192:won
2190:Fine
2178:1936
2173:won
2159:1936
2140:1936
2135:won
2121:1935
2092:1935
2078:Year
1915:ISBN
1890:ISBN
1867:ISBN
1848:ISBN
1829:ISBN
1810:ISBN
1785:ISBN
1674:Riga
1652:ISBN
1637:ISBN
1626:ISBN
1610:ISBN
1598:and
1562:and
1500:USSR
1409:FIDE
1267:and
1202:Baku
1196:and
1190:Bled
1059:left
891:Riga
839:and
458:FIDE
429:and
203:and
140:Died
116:Born
4088:by
3805:6â7
3790:3â6
3748:3â5
3732:1-2
3717:2â3
3702:2â4
3672:2â3
3646:3â4
3616:3â4
3547:1â2
3492:1â2
3478:Nei
3470:1â2
3446:1â2
3404:2â3
3371:Tal
3367:3â5
3301:Tal
3270:Tal
3266:3â4
3247:7â8
3163:Tal
3159:2â3
3141:7â8
3062:7â8
3040:1â2
2996:2â4
2815:3â4
2800:6â7
2662:1â2
2497:1â2
2410:1â2
2372:2â3
2309:2â4
2282:4â5
2224:1â3
2205:1â2
2186:3â4
2167:8â9
2148:1â2
1993:0â1
1948:1â0
1670:ECO
1438:(5
1388:in
1282:At
1231:at
808:. (
626:of
525:at
362:At
355:at
5180::
5159:,
5076:.
5034:.
4991:.
4971:.
4951:.
4931:.
4911:.
4891:.
4842:,
4758:^
4449:^
4354:,
3831:,
3769:,
3410:,
3299:,
3107:,
3002:,
2862:,
2288:,
2048:,
2029:,
2006:,
1987:,
1965:,
1942:,
1741:,
1737:,
1721:,
1680:.
1647:,
1624:)
1616:,
1602:.
1594:,
1590:,
1586:,
1582:,
1578:,
1574:,
1570:,
1543:.
974:,
955:.
947:,
943:,
939:,
935:,
931:,
828::
796:,
765:.
745:,
642:.
634:,
630:,
541:,
425:,
152:,
131:,
5101:.
5090:.
5080:.
5067:.
5044:.
4997:.
4977:.
4957:.
4937:.
4917:.
4897:.
4817:.
4780:.
4752:.
4731:.
4539:.
4406:.
4115:)
4109:(
4104:)
4100:(
4096:.
4082:.
3889:1
3874:1
3763:5
3687:1
3631:1
3588:1
3569:6
3532:1
3516:â
3432:â
3352:1
3336:â
3316:3
3293:2
3287:/
3283:/
3228:â
3208:1
3193:1
3178:1
3127:â
3101:2
3081:2
3024:â
2980:â
2960:1
2923:1
2905:1
2887:1
2856:4
2841:8
2787:1
2769:1
2751:1
2733:1
2715:2
2700:1
2681:1
2643:1
2624:2
2604:"
2601:2
2582:2
2563:1
2544:2
2519:4
2481:â
2453:1
2391:2
2353:1
2347:/
2333:â
2266:1
2247:1
2129:2
2105:â
2018:.
1954:.
1923:.
1904:.
1875:.
1856:.
1837:.
1818:.
1799:.
1770:.
1668:(
1057:(
666:(
444:â
193:(
124:)
120:(
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.