622:
155:
199:
20:
661:
305:
229:
and Cyprus were abandoned to the
Persians, and the Athenians were compelled to cede their newly-won territories in the Aegean. Equally significantly, the insistence on autonomy put an end to a novel political experiment that had grown out of the war, the union of Argos and Corinth. In what the
370:
proved enduring, however, and numerous attempts would be made to establish one, with little more success than the original. By granting powers to Sparta that were sure to infuriate other states when used, the treaties sowed the seeds of their own demise, and a state of near-constant warfare
222:, except Lemnos, Imbros, and Scyros; and these should belong, as of old, to the Athenians. But whichever of the two parties does not accept this peace, upon them I will make war, in company with those who desire this arrangement, both by land and by sea, with ships and with money.
320:
characterized it, was the establishment of Sparta in a formalized position at the top of a Greek political system enforced by the Great King. Using their mandate to protect and enforce the peace, the
Spartans proceeded to launch a number of campaigns against
91:. The treaty was more commonly known in antiquity, however, as the King's Peace, a name that reflects the depth of Persian influence in the treaty, as Persian gold had driven the preceding war. The treaty was a form of
218:
King
Artaxerxes thinks it just that the cities in Asia should belong to him, as well as Clazomenae and Cyprus among the islands, and that the other Greek cities, both small and great, should be left
289:
301:; the Persian King was giving orders in Greece like it was his, and without bringing in a single soldier at that." In short, the treaty placed Greece under Persian suzerainty.
366:
of 378 to 371 BC) with the revived
Athenian naval confederacy and continued, with intermittent attempts to restore the peace, for much of the next two decades. The idea of a
190:, unwilling to fight on without Athens, were also forced to negotiate. In a peace conference at Sparta, all the belligerents agreed to the terms laid down by Artaxerxes.
351:; even the pro-Spartan Xenophon could only attribute the act to madness. The principle of autonomy proved to be a flexible tool in the hand of a hegemonic power.
260:
The single greatest effect of the Peace was the return of firm
Persian control over Ionia and parts of the Aegean. Driven back from the Aegean shores by the
210:
The most notable feature of the King's Peace is the
Persian influence it reflects. The Persian decree that established the terms of the peace, as recorded by
588:
178:
region. The
Athenians, mindful of their disastrous defeat in 404 BC, when the Spartans had gained control of the Hellespont, agreed to negotiate, and
493:
the Treaty of
Antalcidas in 387-6 B.C. had established a Persian suzerainty over Greece that persisted until the formation of the League of Corinth.
252:
were overlooked, as the
Spartans, who were responsible for administering the peace, had no wish to see the principle of independence applied there.
1360:
610:
268:
of 431 to 404 BC, and were now strong enough to dictate terms to Greece. They would maintain this position of strength until the time of
1401:
335:
in northeastern Greece, as violating the autonomy principle of the Great King's decree. On the way there, in 383 the
Spartan commander
331:
in Arcadia, to disband into its constituent villages. The largest intervention was a campaign in 382 BC to break up the federalist
131:. Since Evagoras was an enemy of Persia, and many of the Athenian gains threatened Persian interests, these developments prompted
921:
1396:
650:
618:
486:
123:
had successfully placed a number of cities across the Aegean under Athenian control, and was acting in collaboration with
1077:
1234:
1229:
926:
645:
558:
444:
414:
298:
1416:
991:
843:
358:
and companions liberated Thebes in 379 by assassinating the Laconizing tyrants. After the Spartan campaign against
463:
603:
675:
931:
882:
436:
The Greek World in the Fourth Century: From the Fall of the Athenian Empire to the Successors of Alexander
1406:
1082:
1020:
1137:
779:
596:
1025:
264:
during the 5th century, the Persians had been recovering their position since the later part of the
162:
To bring the Athenians to the negotiating table, Antalcidas then moved his fleet of 90 ships to the
1072:
908:
754:
1411:
1123:
1031:
949:
718:
100:
1421:
1344:
1116:
1102:
1088:
640:
96:
434:
111:
By 387 BC, the central front of the Corinthian War had shifted from the Greek mainland to the
1308:
977:
828:
404:
1370:
984:
838:
774:
245:
232:
27:
in 387 BC, put an end to the Corinthian War under the guarantee of the Achaemenid Empire.
8:
1288:
1130:
739:
577:
269:
154:
151:. There, the Spartans and Persians worked out the form of an agreement to end the war.
1336:
1302:
1278:
1221:
970:
936:
685:
187:
88:
478:
The Political Economic Foundation of Democratic Capitalism: From Genesis to Maturation
1294:
1283:
1045:
1039:
1005:
998:
901:
626:
621:
554:
482:
440:
410:
332:
265:
1365:
1316:
1161:
1095:
1064:
1053:
1012:
963:
894:
823:
784:
380:
280:
1200:
1391:
1330:
1156:
1109:
875:
797:
476:
179:
327:
that they perceived as political threats. Near at hand, they forced the city of
240:. They were forced to separate, and the Thebans were required to disband their
1058:
956:
916:
869:
853:
804:
769:
764:
68:
64:
198:
37:. The word "independent" in this translation is more generally translated as "
1385:
1245:
942:
759:
691:
680:
261:
203:
132:
60:
24:
219:
38:
367:
363:
344:
92:
56:
833:
317:
237:
167:
120:
19:
1239:
1186:
790:
726:
581:
163:
136:
124:
112:
76:
316:
A second effect of this "most disgraceful event in Greek history", as
848:
532:
Simon Hornblower, in John Boardman, Jasper Griffin and Oswyn Murray,
355:
336:
309:
304:
236:, the two cities had politically merged, granting all citizens joint
175:
148:
33:
660:
1252:
1193:
564:
359:
348:
328:
294:
211:
28:
569:
1259:
746:
732:
354:
The King's Peace was not successful in bringing peace to Greece.
340:
241:
183:
1215:
698:
249:
144:
128:
116:
80:
1322:
705:
406:
Trouble in the West: Egypt and the Persian Empire, 525–332 BC
322:
226:
171:
135:
to switch his support from Athens and her allies to Sparta.
42:
1207:
202:
The Peace of Antalcidas was guaranteed by Achaemenid ruler
140:
84:
509:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO LLC. p. 52.
87:
to negotiate the terms of the treaty with the king of
139:, the commander of a Spartan fleet, was summoned to
158:
Antalcidas traveled to Susa to negotiate the peace.
1383:
339:, invited by a pro-Spartan faction, seized the
568:
604:
16:387 BC peace treaty ending the Corinthian War
1361:2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire
563:
409:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 81.
611:
597:
481:. Boca Raton: Brown Walker. p. 111.
362:in 382-379 BC, general fighting resumed (
303:
197:
153:
18:
402:
1384:
551:The Ancient Greeks: A Critical History
504:
432:
592:
428:
426:
398:
396:
193:
106:
474:
371:continued to be the norm in Greece.
308:The Peace was negotiated by Satrap
293:), "Artaxerxes had succeeded where
170:along which the Athenians imported
13:
1235:Persepolis Administrative Archives
423:
393:
343:(the Theban acropolis) and left a
71:. The treaty is also known as the
14:
1433:
1402:Treaties of the Achaemenid Empire
553:(Harvard University Press, 1983)
347:oligarchy supported by a Spartan
23:The King's Peace, promulgated by
659:
620:
534:Greece and the Hellenistic World
507:A Global Chronology of Conflict
274:
59:guaranteed by the Persian King
676:Achaemenid Persian Lion Rhyton
526:
513:
498:
468:
453:
166:, where he could threaten the
1:
1397:Wars involving ancient Greece
932:Scythian campaign of Darius I
844:Xerxes I's inscription at Van
543:
277: 336 – 323 BC
922:Conquest of the Indus Valley
883:Battle of the Persian Border
433:Tritle, Lawrence A. (2013).
7:
1083:Wars of Alexander the Great
374:
10:
1438:
1138:Battle of the Persian Gate
780:Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
439:. Routledge. p. 164.
255:
43:
1353:
1271:
1175:
1149:
1026:Wars of the Delian League
862:
816:
717:
668:
657:
633:
403:Ruzicka, Stephen (2012).
83:diplomat who traveled to
1078:Second conquest of Egypt
909:Siege of Sardis (547 BC)
755:Palace of Darius in Susa
505:Tucker, Spencer (2010).
386:
285:Greece for Entertainment
1417:4th-century BC treaties
1230:Districts of the Empire
1032:Battle of the Eurymedon
950:Siege of Naxos (499 BC)
927:First conquest of Egypt
312:on the Achaemenid side.
244:league. Only Sparta's
101:First Peloponnesian War
47:in the Greek original).
1345:Seven Achaemenid clans
1117:Siege of Tyre (332 BC)
1103:Siege of Halicarnassus
1089:Battle of the Granicus
313:
224:
214:, clearly shows this:
207:
159:
48:
1073:Great Satraps' Revolt
992:Destruction of Athens
978:Battle of Thermopylae
829:Old Persian cuneiform
307:
216:
201:
157:
22:
1371:Cappadocian calendar
985:Battle of Artemisium
890:Lydian-Persian Wars
839:Behistun Inscription
651:History of democracy
290:Занимательная Греция
246:Peloponnesian League
1167:Peace of Antalcidas
1131:Battle of Gaugamela
740:Gate of All Nations
578:Henry Graham Dakyns
475:Ertl, Alan (2007).
283:states in his book
270:Alexander the Great
97:Thirty Years' Peace
73:Peace of Antalcidas
1407:Treaties of Sparta
1021:Babylonian revolts
971:Battle of Marathon
937:Greco-Persian Wars
686:Achaemenid coinage
521:The Life of Greece
314:
208:
194:Terms of the peace
160:
107:The end of the war
49:
1379:
1378:
1046:Battle of Cyzicus
1040:Peloponnesian War
1006:Battle of Plataea
999:Battle of Salamis
902:Battle of Thymbra
775:Ka'ba-ye Zartosht
627:Achaemenid Empire
488:978-1-59942-424-8
333:Chalcidian League
266:Peloponnesian War
143:, along with the
95:, similar to the
89:Achaemenid Persia
1429:
1366:Xanthian Obelisk
1339:
1325:
1311:
1297:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1224:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1162:Peace of Callias
1140:
1133:
1126:
1119:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1096:Siege of Miletus
1091:
1067:
1065:Battle of Cnidus
1054:Battle of Cunaxa
1048:
1034:
1015:
1013:Battle of Mycale
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
980:
973:
966:
964:Siege of Eretria
959:
952:
945:
911:
904:
897:
895:Battle of Pteria
885:
878:
824:Achaemenid music
807:
800:
793:
785:Tombs at Xanthos
749:
742:
735:
708:
701:
694:
663:
625:
624:
613:
606:
599:
590:
589:
585:
576:. Translated by
575:
549:Fine, John V.A.
537:
530:
524:
517:
511:
510:
502:
496:
495:
472:
466:
457:
451:
450:
430:
421:
420:
400:
381:List of treaties
281:Mikhail Gasparov
278:
276:
99:which ended the
46:
45:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1349:
1335:
1321:
1307:
1293:
1267:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1220:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1171:
1157:Earth and water
1145:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1110:Battle of Issus
1108:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1063:
1044:
1030:
1011:
1004:
997:
990:
983:
976:
969:
962:
955:
948:
941:
907:
900:
893:
881:
876:Battle of Hyrba
874:
858:
812:
803:
798:Nereid Monument
796:
789:
745:
738:
731:
713:
704:
697:
690:
664:
655:
629:
619:
617:
546:
541:
540:
531:
527:
518:
514:
503:
499:
489:
473:
469:
458:
454:
447:
431:
424:
417:
401:
394:
389:
377:
273:
258:
196:
109:
63:that ended the
55:(387 BC) was a
17:
12:
11:
5:
1435:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1412:Corinthian War
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1286:
1281:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1179:
1177:
1176:Administration
1173:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1099:
1092:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1059:Corinthian War
1056:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1009:
1002:
995:
988:
981:
974:
967:
960:
957:Battle of Lade
953:
946:
934:
929:
924:
919:
917:Battle of Opis
914:
913:
912:
905:
898:
888:
887:
886:
879:
870:Persian Revolt
866:
864:
860:
859:
857:
856:
854:Cyrus Cylinder
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
820:
818:
814:
813:
811:
810:
809:
808:
805:Tomb of Payava
801:
794:
782:
777:
772:
770:Naqsh-e Rostam
767:
765:Persian column
762:
757:
752:
751:
750:
743:
736:
723:
721:
715:
714:
712:
711:
710:
709:
702:
695:
683:
678:
672:
670:
666:
665:
658:
656:
654:
653:
648:
643:
637:
635:
631:
630:
616:
615:
608:
601:
593:
587:
586:
561:
545:
542:
539:
538:
525:
512:
497:
487:
467:
452:
445:
422:
415:
391:
390:
388:
385:
384:
383:
376:
373:
341:Theban Kadmeia
257:
254:
230:Greeks called
195:
192:
127:, the king of
108:
105:
69:ancient Greece
65:Corinthian War
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1434:
1423:
1422:Artaxerxes II
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1352:
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1324:
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1310:
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1305:
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1301:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1246:Chapar Khaneh
1243:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1124:Siege of Gaza
1121:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1000:
996:
993:
989:
986:
982:
979:
975:
972:
968:
965:
961:
958:
954:
951:
947:
944:
943:Ionian Revolt
940:
939:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
910:
906:
903:
899:
896:
892:
891:
889:
884:
880:
877:
873:
872:
871:
868:
867:
865:
861:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
821:
819:
815:
806:
802:
799:
795:
792:
788:
787:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
760:Tomb of Cyrus
758:
756:
753:
748:
744:
741:
737:
734:
730:
729:
728:
725:
724:
722:
720:
716:
707:
703:
700:
696:
693:
692:Apadana hoard
689:
688:
687:
684:
682:
681:Oxus Treasure
679:
677:
674:
673:
671:
667:
662:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
638:
636:
632:
628:
623:
614:
609:
607:
602:
600:
595:
594:
591:
583:
579:
574:
572:
566:
562:
560:
559:0-674-03314-0
556:
552:
548:
547:
535:
529:
522:
516:
508:
501:
494:
490:
484:
480:
479:
471:
465:
462:
456:
448:
446:9781134524747
442:
438:
437:
429:
427:
418:
416:9780199766628
412:
408:
407:
399:
397:
392:
382:
379:
378:
372:
369:
365:
361:
357:
352:
350:
346:
342:
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326:
325:
319:
311:
306:
302:
300:
296:
292:
291:
286:
282:
271:
267:
263:
262:Delian League
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:
228:
223:
221:
215:
213:
205:
204:Artaxerxes II
200:
191:
189:
185:
181:
177:
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169:
165:
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152:
150:
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142:
138:
134:
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118:
114:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
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70:
66:
62:
61:Artaxerxes II
58:
54:
40:
36:
35:
30:
26:
25:Artaxerxes II
21:
1166:
719:Architecture
580:– via
570:
567:(c. 1890s).
550:
536:(Oxford)141.
533:
528:
520:
515:
506:
500:
492:
477:
470:
460:
455:
435:
405:
368:Common Peace
364:Boeotian War
353:
323:
315:
288:
284:
259:
231:
225:
217:
209:
168:trade routes
161:
119:fleet under
110:
93:Common Peace
72:
57:peace treaty
53:King's Peace
52:
50:
32:
1289:Mithridatic
834:Old Persian
641:Family tree
345:Laconophile
318:Will Durant
238:citizenship
233:sympoliteia
121:Thrasybulus
115:, where an
1386:Categories
1309:Cappadocia
1303:Ariarathid
1279:Achaemenid
1240:Royal Road
1187:Pasargadae
791:Harpy Tomb
727:Persepolis
582:Wikisource
544:References
459:Xenophon,
220:autonomous
164:Hellespont
137:Antalcidas
133:Artaxerxes
77:Antalcidas
44:αὐτονόμους
39:autonomous
1284:Pharnacid
1272:Dynasties
1216:Satrapies
1182:Capitals
1150:Diplomacy
849:Ganjnameh
571:Hellenica
523:1939:461.
461:Hellenica
356:Pelopidas
337:Phoebidas
310:Tiribazos
176:Black Sea
174:from the
149:Tiribazus
34:Hellenica
1317:Lygdamid
1253:Angarium
1194:Ecbatana
646:Timeline
565:Xenophon
519:Durant,
375:See also
360:Olynthus
349:garrison
329:Mantinea
242:Boeotian
212:Xenophon
125:Evagoras
117:Athenian
75:, after
29:Xenophon
1354:Related
1337:Armenia
1331:Orontid
1260:Angarum
1222:Armenia
1201:Babylon
863:Warfare
817:Culture
747:Tachara
733:Apadana
634:History
256:Effects
184:Corinth
81:Spartan
1392:387 BC
1295:Pontus
699:Danake
573:
557:
485:
464:5.1.31
443:
413:
324:poleis
299:failed
295:Xerxes
279:). As
250:helots
186:, and
180:Thebes
145:satrap
129:Cyprus
113:Aegean
79:, the
1323:Caria
706:Daric
387:Notes
227:Ionia
188:Argos
172:grain
1208:Susa
555:ISBN
483:ISBN
441:ISBN
411:ISBN
297:had
248:and
141:Susa
85:Susa
51:The
669:Art
67:in
41:" (
1388::
491:.
425:^
395:^
275:r.
182:,
147:,
103:.
31:,
612:e
605:t
598:v
584:.
449:.
419:.
287:(
272:(
206:.
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