36:
1922:
2820:
543:
then duchies, with reciprocal exchanges of land), has caused a high dialectal fragmentation, to the point the existence of an
Emilian koiné has been questioned.
1607:
The dialects were largely oral and rarely written until some time in the late 20th century; a large amount of written media in
Emilian has been created since
1882:
5073:
1629:"Request for New Language Code Element in ISO 639-3, page 1ISO 639-3 Registration Authority Request for New Language Code Element in ISO 639-3"
471:, which distinguishes varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity or insult. The alphabet, largely adapted from the
1965:
1910:
3184:
584:
and on the border with the province of Parma. The variants of
Piacentine are strongly influenced by Lombard, Piedmontese, and Ligurian.
2381:
1888:
456:
1863:
Tuttle, E. F. (1991). "Nasalization in
Northern Italy: Syllabic Constraints and Strength Scales as Developmental Parameters".
3635:
2627:
1716:
801:
at different times, so it has a close economic relationship with the
Emilian area and is geographically proximate due to the
3567:
2114:
1657:
5116:
722:
3370:
3365:
3309:
3197:
3150:
Venetian is either grouped with the rest of the Italo-Dalmatian or the Gallo-Italic languages, depending on the linguist.
1356:
1336:
377:
3470:
3360:
2166:
5106:
3585:
1363:
17:
1936:
5101:
4424:
1853:
1818:
238:
79:
57:
604:, although today's urban and rural dialects are so mixed that only a few speak the original. The language spoken in
50:
4484:
1903:
1124:
3772:
3377:
3177:
2480:
2056:
1528:
1191:
367:
570:
in
Lombardy. It is closely related phonetically and morphologically to Piacentine. It is also akin to Tortonese.
539:
The historical and geographical fragmentation of
Emilian communities, divided in many local administrations (as
5121:
4572:
4473:
357:
4443:
5126:
4380:
4058:
1555:
1507:
1470:
1163:
726:
1561:
1500:
1225:
1205:
663:
4507:
3910:
931:
845:
There is no widespread standard orthography. The words below are written in a nonspecific
Emilian script.
5111:
4948:
4386:
3355:
3284:
1896:
517:
4669:
4241:
3676:
3234:
3170:
2683:
2272:
1377:
1329:
1198:
1115:
1108:
1918:
4256:
4168:
3777:
3618:
3333:
3262:
3244:
3227:
3222:
3212:
2496:
2005:
1549:
1440:
1239:
857:
778:
619:
223:
208:
124:
4961:
4865:
3738:
3686:
3465:
3413:
2762:
2753:
2158:
1709:
Dizionario bolognese-italiano, italiano bolognese / Dizionèri bulgnais-itagliàn, itagliàn-bulugnais
546:
351:
44:
4329:
3920:
3874:
3755:
3728:
3667:
3604:
3550:
3257:
3217:
2922:
2907:
2693:
2601:
2458:
2335:
2138:
1383:
1232:
1154:
1147:
1131:
228:
218:
198:
3925:
1765:
Dizionario bolognese-italiano italiano-bolognese / Dizionèri bulgnaiṡ-itagliàn itagliàn-bulgnaiṡ
5047:
4263:
3681:
3627:
3279:
3048:
2965:
2880:
2688:
2398:
1073:
498:
492:
426:
233:
61:
5079:
5024:
4830:
4825:
4478:
4456:
4347:
4275:
4098:
3760:
3523:
3111:
2960:
2464:
2307:
2104:
1582:
1576:
1392:
1316:
1298:
1266:
1257:
786:
4743:
3711:
2430:
1689:
5029:
4803:
4419:
4392:
4318:
4178:
3977:
3905:
3857:
3851:
3814:
3797:
2955:
2932:
2703:
2563:
2517:
2258:
1628:
1273:
1170:
581:
513:
4813:
4226:
3294:
2857:
2849:
2370:
1957:
1941:
654:, it is very different from the modenese dialect in the phonology, grammar and vocabulary.
8:
4514:
4406:
4374:
4368:
3989:
3949:
3915:
3743:
3507:
2902:
2863:
2607:
2253:
2086:
2061:
1801:
1732:
1345:
1178:
1095:
748:
734:
710:
706:
609:
468:
4777:
4210:
3885:
3819:
3037:
2584:
2362:
5019:
4748:
4604:
4562:
4528:
4522:
4412:
4355:
4312:
4295:
4033:
4026:
3862:
3650:
3591:
3447:
3435:
3314:
3252:
2889:
2698:
2648:
2245:
2236:
2222:
2040:
1985:
1926:
1535:
1514:
1493:
1484:
1463:
1449:
1433:
1280:
1068:
651:
641:
588:
557:
464:
460:
398:
285:
4797:
3289:
343:
4976:
4955:
4875:
4835:
4694:
4622:
4616:
4540:
4432:
4342:
4283:
4195:
4153:
3954:
3900:
3706:
3691:
3662:
3645:
3555:
3518:
3487:
3475:
3394:
3382:
3299:
3274:
3268:
3193:
3162:
3042:
3032:
3024:
2950:
2840:
2770:
2739:
2726:
2717:
2662:
2656:
2641:
2487:
2425:
2407:
2313:
2289:
2212:
2185:
2171:
2143:
2094:
2071:
1961:
1949:
1945:
1849:
1814:
1712:
1567:
1477:
1310:
1218:
1140:
1078:
730:
667:
658:
593:
567:
509:
433:
429:
408:
289:
281:
213:
4818:
3787:
3765:
2510:
2471:
2321:
373:
4929:
4919:
4904:
4892:
4808:
4757:
4721:
4699:
4686:
4680:
4609:
4598:
4502:
4467:
4451:
4300:
4288:
4221:
4185:
4173:
4141:
4066:
4038:
4011:
3841:
3836:
3824:
3804:
3792:
3733:
3640:
3597:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3492:
3423:
3407:
3304:
2781:
2635:
2577:
2556:
2540:
2533:
2524:
2450:
2299:
2281:
2191:
2125:
2119:
2109:
2022:
2014:
1989:
1977:
1837:
Bibliografia dialettale dell'Emilia-Romagna e della
Repubblica di San Marino (BDER)
1396:/ sound can be heard as either an alveolar trill , or as a uvular fricative sound.
1288:
1063:
1058:
682:
521:
472:
418:
203:
4704:
4654:
5013:
4999:
4880:
4782:
4772:
4716:
4567:
4555:
4495:
4490:
4305:
4234:
4216:
4190:
4163:
4093:
4050:
3962:
3943:
3895:
3782:
3748:
3701:
3696:
3418:
3350:
3322:
3116:
3097:
3067:
3015:
2996:
2912:
2788:
2614:
2503:
2420:
2415:
2375:
2344:
1981:
1604:
that has never been standardised, and spelling varies widely among the dialects.
1251:
1083:
794:
718:
437:
190:
4016:
1846:
Manuale dell'odierno dialetto bolognese, Suoni e segni, Grammatica – Vocabolario
5064:
4971:
4966:
4887:
4767:
4729:
4461:
4021:
3967:
3937:
3829:
3513:
3441:
3387:
3103:
2979:
2942:
2927:
2775:
2734:
2570:
2076:
2066:
2032:
1973:
1090:
798:
698:
690:
502:
476:
445:
441:
300:
146:
4110:
5095:
5006:
4909:
4897:
4629:
4337:
3994:
3932:
3428:
3072:
3001:
2988:
2917:
2795:
2352:
1969:
1953:
1778:
Hajek, John (1997). "Emilia-Romagna". In Maiden, Martin; Parry, Mair (eds.).
1415:
1184:
1101:
827:
802:
605:
274:
4788:
4648:
4088:
4043:
3122:
2897:
2825:
2099:
1608:
1601:
806:
577:
307:
327:
4850:
4843:
4580:
4146:
3130:
1993:
1427:
1410:
686:
4115:
793:. Historically, this region has been part of Tuscany and the duchies of
524:, all of which maintain a level of mutual intelligibility with Emilian.
4158:
4128:
4120:
4076:
4071:
3721:
3480:
2440:
2177:
1737:(in Italian). Reggio: Torreggiani. 1832 – via Biblioteca Panizzi.
1522:
1420:
1375:
Affricate sounds can also be heard as alternates of fricative sounds /
452:
1798:
La negazione nei dialetti emiliani: microvariazione nell'area modenese
4924:
4762:
4104:
3399:
2217:
1809:
Rognoni, Luca (2013). "Il sistema fonologico del dialetto modenese".
1457:
774:
756:
623:
533:
480:
336:
320:
4550:
596:. Those from the area refer to the Parmesan spoken outside Parma as
4709:
4545:
4361:
3809:
3657:
2547:
702:
634:) of the province are not part of this group and closer to Mantuan.
631:
540:
385:
150:
4914:
4533:
4398:
4136:
3560:
3545:
3077:
2593:
2148:
2133:
790:
782:
770:
738:
694:
644:, although Bolognese is more widespread in the Castelfranco area.
627:
381:
154:
1655:
1574:
In the
Piacentino dialect, five vowel sounds being followed by /
4735:
4081:
4004:
3984:
3716:
2435:
1664:
The Italian language, dialects and foreign languages, Year 2006
1659:
La lingua italiana, i dialetti e le lingue straniere, Anno 2006
752:
158:
3999:
3972:
1921:
1591:
Vowel length is also distinguished for the following vowels .
714:
678:
674:
135:
1571:/ are mainly common in the Piacentino and western dialects.
384:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3192:
1811:
L'Italia dialettale: rivista di dialettologia italiana
532:"Mirandolese" redirects here. Not to be confused with
612:
to the north of Parma is closely related to Parmesan.
3884:
2815:
277:
1656:Istituto nazionale di statistica (20 April 2007).
508:Besides Emilian, the Gallo-Italic family includes
5093:
2848:
560:in Lombardy. It has a strong Lombard influence.
27:Unstandardized language spoken in Emilia, Italy
1580:/, are then recognized as nasalized , unless /
751:(except for Cento and surroundings), southern
3178:
2761:
1904:
1025:
1011:
997:
983:
969:
955:
941:
924:
909:
895:
881:
867:
412:
402:
108:
102:
2987:
183:1.3 million (2006 estimate) (2006)
5074:languages with more than 5 million speakers
1762:
1706:
4657:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance)
3185:
3171:
1911:
1897:
556:, spoken in all but the very north of the
1795:
813:Other definitions include the following:
467:(singular and plural). There is a strong
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
2244:
1885:at the Global Lexicostatistical Database
1843:
43:This article includes a list of general
2725:
1834:
1808:
1750:Profilo linguistico dell'Emilia-Romagna
1747:
1387:/ particularly among southern dialects.
622:, although the northern parts (such as
378:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
14:
5094:
1862:
1763:Lepri, Luigi; Vitali, Daniele (2009).
1707:Lepri, Luigi; Vitali, Daniele (2007).
527:
440:, which is now in the western part of
123:
3166:
1892:
1777:
1626:
650:, spoken in the northern part of the
479:) one, uses a considerable number of
1051:Consonants in the Bolognese dialect
29:
1767:(2nd ed.). Bologna: Pendragon.
549:recognises the following dialects:
24:
5078:Languages between parentheses are
2087:Intermediate Southern (Neapolitan)
1828:
1813:. Vol. 74. pp. 135–148.
1711:(in Italian). Bologna: Pendragon.
1586:/ occurs between two vowel sounds.
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
5138:
4958:(unknown further classification)
1876:
1782:. London: Routledge. p. 275.
1690:"51-AAA-ok. emiliano + romagnolo"
1595:
1581:
1575:
1566:
1565:/ and a mid-central vowel sound /
1560:
1554:
1548:
1534:
1527:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1492:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1448:
1439:
1432:
1391:
1382:
1376:
1362:
1355:
1335:
1328:
1297:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1256:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1169:
1162:
1153:
1146:
1130:
1123:
1114:
1107:
820:(mixed with some Tuscan features)
486:
149:. Border variants spoken in near
2818:
1937:Historical linguistic minorities
1920:
1006:to say, ten (only in Bolognese)
34:
1789:
1390:In the Piacentino dialect, an /
5082:of the language on their left.
4952:(Western Romance-based pidgin)
3144:
1771:
1756:
1741:
1725:
1700:
1682:
1649:
1620:
640:, spoken in the centre of the
13:
1:
1734:Vocabolario reggiano-italiano
1627:Miani, Ivan (12 April 2008).
1614:
1045:
840:
497:Emilian is an unstandardized
463:(masculine and feminine) and
180:
1752:(in Italian). Roma: Laterza.
1547:Rounded front vowel sounds /
1520:
1425:
1040:
836:, as distinct from Ferrarese
785:, and a good portion of the
664:Metropolitan City of Bologna
564:Vogherese (Pavese-Vogherese)
358:... -okh 51-AAA-oka ... -okh
7:
5117:Languages of Emilia-Romagna
4949:Mediterranean Lingua Franca
1678:– via portal-lem.com.
1600:Emilian is written using a
505:region in Northern Italy.
10:
5143:
4651:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish)
3677:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
3471:Central−Southern Calabrian
2684:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
2167:Central-Southern Calabrian
1844:Mainoldi, Pietro (2000) .
531:
490:
5107:Emilian-Romagnol language
5056:
5040:
4991:
4940:
4864:
4668:
4641:
4590:
4442:
4328:
4274:
4255:
4206:
3873:
3626:
3617:
3578:
3458:
3343:
3332:
3243:
3205:
3090:
3060:
3023:
3014:
2978:
2941:
2888:
2879:
2839:
2835:
2813:
2752:
2716:
2674:
2626:
2497:Comasco-Lecchese dialects
2449:
2406:
2397:
2361:
2343:
2334:
2298:
2280:
2271:
2235:
2203:
2157:
2085:
2049:
2031:
2013:
2004:
2000:
1933:
1540:
1526:
1482:
1475:
1456:
1447:
1419:
1409:
1400:
1309:
1287:
1250:
1177:
1089:
1055:
779:Province of Massa-Carrara
620:Province of Reggio Emilia
364:
350:
334:
318:
313:
297:
268:
187:
173:
165:
141:
131:
116:
101:
96:
5102:Emilia (region of Italy)
3959:North American dialects
3466:Extreme Southern Italian
547:Linguasphere Observatory
3378:Central−Northern Latian
2057:Central-Northern Latian
1839:. Bologna: Compositori.
1835:Foresti, Fabio (1997).
1748:Foresti, Fabio (2009).
1026:
1012:
998:
984:
970:
956:
942:
925:
910:
896:
882:
868:
777:, in almost all of the
618:(Arzân), spoken in the
430:unstandardised language
413:
403:
169:3.3 million (2008)
109:
103:
64:more precise citations.
3682:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
2689:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
2481:Bustocco and Legnanese
1865:Rivista di Linguistica
1796:Colombini, F. (2007).
701:(all beyond the river
493:Gallo-Italic languages
451:Emilian has a default
422:
366:This article contains
5122:Languages of Lombardy
4169:Poitevin–Saintongeais
3112:Italian Sign Language
3061:Other German dialects
2204:Other Italo-Dalmatian
1883:Emilian basic lexicon
1780:The Dialects of Italy
787:Province of La Spezia
576:, spoken west of the
499:Gallo-Italic language
5127:Languages of Liguria
3978:St. Marys Bay French
3502:Neapolitan–Calabrese
2564:Southwestern Lombard
769:dialects, spoken in
662:, spoken in all the
582:Province of Piacenza
125:[emiˈʎa(ː)ŋ]
4330:Galician–Portuguese
3356:Central Marchigiano
2864:Vaccarizzo Albanian
1802:University of Padua
1052:
850:
749:Province of Ferrara
735:Province of Pistoia
711:Province of Ferrara
707:Castelfranco Emilia
610:Province of Cremona
528:Dialectal varieties
457:subject–verb–object
5112:Languages of Italy
4744:Catalan Ribagorçan
4591:Pyrenean–Mozarabic
3863:Judaeo-Piedmontese
3773:Bustocco–Legnanese
3568:Northern Calabrian
2699:Judaeo-Piedmontese
2675:Other Gallo-Italic
1927:Languages of Italy
1050:
848:
652:Province of Modena
642:Province of Modena
558:Province of Mantua
465:grammatical number
461:grammatical gender
18:Piacentino dialect
5089:
5088:
5065:extinct languages
4987:
4986:
4664:
4663:
4623:Navarro-Aragonese
4508:Peruvian Ribereño
4433:Judaeo-Portuguese
4348:Galician–Asturian
4251:
4250:
4242:Old Gallo-Romance
4196:Wisconsin Walloon
3613:
3612:
3586:Dalmatian Romance
3194:Romance languages
3160:
3159:
3139:
3138:
3086:
3085:
3043:Southern Bavarian
3010:
3009:
2974:
2973:
2966:Triestine Serbian
2875:
2874:
2850:Arbëresh language
2811:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2748:
2747:
2712:
2711:
2465:Brianzöö dialects
2393:
2392:
2330:
2329:
2267:
2266:
2231:
2230:
1718:978-88-8342-594-3
1544:
1543:
1372:
1371:
1348:
1319:
1221:
1187:
1143:
1104:
1038:
1037:
849:Words in Emilian
709:(Modena); in the
594:Province of Parma
568:Province of Pavia
434:historical region
392:
391:
374:rendering support
370:phonetic symbols.
90:
89:
82:
16:(Redirected from
5134:
4610:Judaeo-Aragonese
4599:Andalusi Romance
4452:Amazonic Spanish
4289:Western Asturian
4272:
4271:
4211:Franco-Provençal
3882:
3881:
3778:Comasco–Lecchese
3636:Emilian–Romagnol
3624:
3623:
3424:Regional Italian
3414:Italo-Australian
3341:
3340:
3263:Megleno-Romanian
3187:
3180:
3173:
3164:
3163:
3151:
3148:
3125:
3106:
3051:
3021:
3020:
2985:
2984:
2886:
2885:
2866:
2846:
2845:
2837:
2836:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2759:
2758:
2723:
2722:
2665:
2651:
2644:
2628:Emilian–Romagnol
2617:
2610:
2596:
2587:
2580:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2490:
2483:
2474:
2467:
2404:
2403:
2384:
2363:Franco-Provençal
2341:
2340:
2316:
2278:
2277:
2273:Occitano-Romance
2242:
2241:
2194:
2180:
2159:Extreme Southern
2128:
2023:Regional Italian
2011:
2010:
2002:
2001:
1958:Franco-Provençal
1925:
1924:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1890:
1889:
1872:
1859:
1840:
1824:
1805:
1784:
1783:
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781:in northwestern
747:, spoken in the
683:Borgo Tossignano
592:, spoken in the
566:, spoken in the
416:
406:
360:
346:
330:
323:
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279:
239:Emilian–Romagnol
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106:
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74:
71:
65:
60:this article by
51:inline citations
38:
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21:
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5135:
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5131:
5092:
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5052:
5036:
5014:Pannonian Latin
5000:African Romance
4983:
4936:
4867:
4860:
4798:Judeo-Provençal
4671:
4660:
4637:
4586:
4496:Chilean Chilote
4438:
4324:
4265:
4261:
4258:
4247:
4235:Moselle Romance
4202:
4051:Missouri French
4012:Franco-Ontarian
3887:
3876:
3869:
3609:
3574:
3551:Southern Latian
3454:
3419:Maltese Italian
3351:Central Italian
3335:
3328:
3323:Common Romanian
3239:
3223:Italo-Dalmatian
3201:
3191:
3161:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3135:
3121:
3102:
3082:
3068:Austrian German
3056:
3047:
3006:
2997:Calabrian Greek
2970:
2937:
2923:Natisone Valley
2908:Inner Carniolan
2871:
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2744:
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2602:Eastern Lombard
2592:
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2459:Western Lombard
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2294:
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2199:
2190:
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2139:Southern Latian
2124:
2105:Castelmezzanese
2081:
2045:
2027:
1996:
1929:
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1879:
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1829:Further reading
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719:Poggio Renatico
537:
530:
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489:
469:T–V distinction
372:Without proper
356:
342:
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319:
304:
299:
288:
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280:
264:
224:Western Romance
209:Latino-Faliscan
194:
191:Language family
189:
176:
175:Native speakers
120:
86:
75:
69:
66:
56:Please help to
55:
39:
35:
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23:
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4730:Judaeo-Catalan
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3605:Judaeo-Italian
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3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
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3287:
3282:
3277:
3265:
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3258:Istro-Romanian
3255:
3249:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3206:Major branches
3203:
3202:
3198:classification
3190:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3167:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3137:
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3128:
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3126:
3114:
3109:
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3104:Italian Hebrew
3094:
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3088:
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3083:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3057:
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3054:
3053:
3052:
3049:South Tyrolean
3040:
3035:
3029:
3027:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2947:
2945:
2943:Serbo-Croatian
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2894:
2892:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2854:
2852:
2843:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2763:Rhaeto-Romance
2756:
2754:Rhaeto-Romance
2750:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2645:
2632:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2611:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2560:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2537:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2455:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2387:
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2373:
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2349:
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2332:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2319:
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2304:
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2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2286:
2284:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2169:
2163:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2091:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2019:
2017:
2008:
1998:
1997:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1916:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1878:
1877:External links
1875:
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1806:
1791:
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1755:
1740:
1724:
1717:
1699:
1681:
1648:
1618:
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1613:
1597:
1596:Writing system
1594:
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1592:
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1572:
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1021:
1018:
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1008:
1007:
1004:
1002:
994:
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980:
979:
976:
974:
966:
965:
962:
960:
952:
951:
948:
946:
938:
937:
934:
929:
921:
920:
917:
914:
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902:
900:
892:
891:
888:
886:
878:
877:
874:
872:
864:
863:
860:
855:
842:
839:
838:
837:
831:
821:
811:
810:
760:
742:
699:Casalfiumanese
691:Castel del Rio
655:
645:
635:
613:
585:
571:
561:
529:
526:
503:Emilia-Romagna
501:spoken in the
491:Main article:
488:
487:Classification
485:
446:Northern Italy
442:Emilia-Romagna
432:spoken in the
401:and Modenese:
390:
389:
376:, you may see
362:
361:
354:
348:
347:
340:
332:
331:
324:
316:
315:
314:Language codes
311:
310:
305:
301:Writing system
298:
295:
294:
293:
292:
270:
266:
265:
263:
262:
261:
260:
259:
258:
257:
256:
255:
254:
253:
252:
251:
250:
249:
248:
247:
246:
197:
195:
188:
185:
184:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
147:Emilia-Romagna
143:
139:
138:
133:
132:Native to
129:
128:
118:
114:
113:
99:
98:
88:
87:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5139:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5081:
5077:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5055:
5049:
5048:Proto-Romance
5046:
5045:
5043:
5041:Reconstructed
5039:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5022:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5007:British Latin
5004:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4990:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4951:
4950:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4939:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4906:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4882:
4879:
4878:
4877:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4863:
4853:
4852:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4845:
4841:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4827:
4826:Vivaro-Alpine
4824:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4799:
4795:
4791:
4790:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4756:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4667:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4640:
4632:
4631:
4630:Old Navarrese
4627:
4626:
4625:
4624:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4583:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4516:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4504:
4501:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4480:
4479:Equatoguinean
4477:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4435:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4395:
4394:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4260:
4254:
4244:
4243:
4239:
4237:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4205:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4131:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4102:
4101:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4065:
4061:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3933:Frainc-Comtou
3931:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3872:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3729:Judeo-Italian
3727:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3606:
3603:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3569:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3524:Castelmezzano
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3500:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3457:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3430:
3429:Swiss Italian
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3310:Transylvanian
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3269:Daco-Romanian
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3218:Italo-Western
3216:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3199:
3195:
3188:
3183:
3181:
3176:
3174:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3147:
3143:
3132:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2989:Italiot Greek
2986:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2961:Slavomolisano
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2827:
2816:
2797:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2694:Judeo-Italian
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2673:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2616:
2612:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2600:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2554:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:Gallo-Romance
2333:
2323:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2308:Vivaro-Alpine
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2202:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2006:Italo-Romance
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1914:
1909:
1907:
1902:
1900:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1857:
1855:9788827129173
1851:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1822:
1820:9788846739957
1816:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1800:(MA thesis).
1799:
1794:
1793:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1744:
1736:
1735:
1728:
1720:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1695:
1691:
1685:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1652:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1619:
1612:
1610:
1605:
1603:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1546:
1545:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1003:
1000:
996:
995:
991:
989:
986:
982:
981:
977:
975:
972:
968:
967:
963:
961:
958:
954:
953:
949:
947:
944:
940:
939:
935:
930:
927:
923:
922:
918:
915:
912:
908:
907:
903:
901:
898:
897:longh, loangh
894:
893:
889:
887:
884:
880:
879:
875:
873:
870:
866:
865:
861:
859:
856:
853:
852:
846:
835:
832:
829:
828:Casalmaggiore
825:
822:
819:
816:
815:
814:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
761:
758:
754:
750:
746:
743:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
723:Sant'Agostino
720:
716:
712:
708:
705:); in around
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
669:
665:
661:
660:
656:
653:
649:
646:
643:
639:
636:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
614:
611:
607:
606:Casalmaggiore
603:
599:
595:
591:
590:
586:
583:
579:
575:
572:
569:
565:
562:
559:
555:
552:
551:
550:
548:
544:
542:
535:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
506:
504:
500:
494:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
428:
424:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
396:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
369:
363:
359:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
339:
338:
333:
329:
325:
322:
317:
312:
309:
306:
302:
296:
291:
287:
283:
276:
275:Judeo-Mantuan
273:
272:
271:
267:
245:
242:
241:
240:
237:
236:
235:
232:
231:
230:
229:Gallo-Romance
227:
226:
225:
222:
221:
220:
219:Italo-Western
217:
216:
215:
212:
211:
210:
207:
206:
205:
202:
201:
200:
199:Indo-European
196:
192:
186:
178:
172:
168:
164:
161:'s provinces.
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
137:
134:
130:
126:
119:
117:Pronunciation
115:
111:
105:
100:
95:
92:
84:
81:
73:
70:December 2010
63:
59:
53:
52:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
5069:
5060:
5012:
5005:
4998:
4947:
4849:
4842:
4804:Languedocien
4796:
4789:Judeo-Gascon
4787:
4728:
4679:
4649:Barranquenho
4628:
4621:
4597:
4579:
4521:
4483:
4466:
4457:Extremaduran
4431:
4405:
4391:
4379:
4367:
4360:
4317:
4276:Asturleonese
4240:
4233:
4191:West Walloon
4179:Saintongeais
4127:
4103:
4099:Anglo-Norman
4057:
3990:Newfoundland
3950:Jersey Legal
3942:
3850:
3815:Southwestern
3798:Vallassinese
3687:Gallo-Picene
3628:Gallo-Italic
3590:
3506:
3501:
3440:
3406:
3321:
3267:
3146:
3123:Sinte Romani
2933:Torre Valley
2881:South Slavic
2826:Italy portal
2518:Vallassinese
2399:Gallo-Italic
1935:
1868:
1864:
1845:
1836:
1810:
1797:
1790:Bibliography
1779:
1773:
1764:
1758:
1749:
1743:
1733:
1727:
1708:
1702:
1694:Linguasphere
1693:
1684:
1672:. Retrieved
1670:(in Italian)
1663:
1658:
1651:
1639:. Retrieved
1635:
1622:
1609:World War II
1606:
1602:Latin script
1599:
1020:(he/she) is
844:
833:
826:, spoken in
823:
817:
812:
766:
762:
744:
670:
657:
647:
637:
615:
601:
597:
587:
573:
563:
553:
545:
538:
507:
496:
450:
427:Gallo-Italic
394:
393:
365:
352:Linguasphere
335:
243:
234:Gallo-Italic
91:
76:
67:
48:
5025:Campidanese
4851:Old Catalan
4844:Old Occitan
4581:Old Spanish
4515:Rioplatense
4319:Old Leonese
4147:Cotentinais
4111:Guernésiais
4034:Frenchville
4027:New England
3906:Bourbonnais
3858:Piedmontese
3852:Old Lombard
3744:Bergamasque
3668:Sammarinese
3131:Wenzhounese
2956:Montenegrin
2903:Gail Valley
2704:Piedmontese
2608:Bergamasque
2254:Campidanese
2095:Beneventano
2062:Marchigiano
1994:Wenzhounese
1674:17 December
1641:17 December
1311:Approximant
904:long, tall
834:Comacchiese
830:, Lombardy.
789:in eastern
687:Fontanelice
648:Mirandolese
514:Piedmontese
380:instead of
62:introducing
5096:Categories
5072:indicates
5030:Logudorese
4563:Philippine
4529:Andalusian
4523:Peninsular
4413:Estremenho
4369:Portuguese
4296:Cantabrian
4129:Law French
4121:Sercquiais
3955:Meridional
3916:Champenois
3911:Burgundian
3722:Tabarchino
3712:Monégasque
3651:Parmigiano
3508:Neapolitan
3481:Manduriano
3448:Florentine
3315:Wallachian
3285:Bukovinian
2649:Parmigiano
2441:Tabarchino
2431:Monégasque
2259:Logudorese
2178:Manduriano
2041:Florentine
1615:References
1046:Consonants
957:znêr, żnèr
841:Vocabulary
578:River Taro
574:Piacentine
481:diacritics
453:word order
397:(Reggian,
286:Parmigiano
145:Primarily
45:references
5080:varieties
5063:indicate
5020:Sardinian
4977:Triestine
4925:Sursilvan
4836:Mentonasc
4814:Provençal
4763:Auvergnat
4749:Valencian
4705:Mallorcan
4695:Algherese
4670:Occitano-
4617:Navarrese
4605:Aragonese
4541:Castilian
4444:Castilian
4420:Uruguayan
4393:Brazilian
4356:Minderico
4350:/Eonavian
4313:Mirandese
4227:Valdôtain
4213:/Arpitan
4154:Orléanais
4105:Auregnais
4089:Mayennais
4039:Louisiana
3921:Ardennais
3901:Berrichon
3707:Intemelio
3663:Forlivese
3646:Bolognese
3592:Dalmatian
3556:Tarantino
3519:Benevento
3476:Salentino
3436:Sassarese
3400:Gallurese
3383:Romanesco
3336:Dalmatian
3300:Moldavian
3295:Maramureș
3253:Aromanian
2890:Slovenian
2740:Triestine
2677:languages
2663:Forlivese
2642:Bolognese
2488:Legnanese
2426:Intemelio
2371:Valdôtain
2314:Mentonasc
2290:Algherese
2246:Sardinian
2237:Sardinian
2223:Sassarese
2218:Gallurese
2206:languages
2172:Salentino
2144:Tarantino
2115:Cosentino
2072:Romanesco
1986:Sardinian
1848:. Forni.
1185:voiceless
1179:Fricative
1102:voiceless
1096:Affricate
1074:Post-alv.
1041:Phonology
1034:so, then
978:February
911:tōl, tegh
824:Casalasco
775:Lunigiana
767:Lunigiano
763:Carrarese
757:Comacchio
745:Ferrarese
729:) and in
727:Mirabello
659:Bolognese
624:Guastalla
534:Mirandese
459:and both
409:Bolognese
337:Glottolog
321:ISO 639-3
290:Ferrarese
282:Bolognais
179:Unknown,
166:Ethnicity
4956:Venetian
4930:Vallader
4920:Surmiran
4893:Cadorino
4876:Friulian
4809:Limousin
4778:Béarnese
4740:Western
4722:Northern
4710:Menorcan
4700:Balearic
4691:Eastern
4687:dialects
4546:Castrapo
4503:Peruvian
4474:dialects
4407:European
4375:dialects
4362:Portugis
4343:Galician
4284:Asturian
4222:Savoyard
4174:Poitevin
4142:Cauchois
4116:Jèrriais
3963:Canadian
3842:Varesino
3837:Ticinese
3825:Novarese
3820:Cremunés
3810:Ossolano
3805:Milanese
3793:Lecchese
3761:Brianzöö
3692:Ligurian
3658:Romagnol
3539:Arianese
3534:Irpinian
3529:Cilentan
3493:Pantesco
3488:Sicilian
3459:Southern
3395:Corsican
3371:Macerata
3366:Fabriano
3305:Oltenian
3275:dialects
3235:Southern
3033:Cimbrian
3025:Bavarian
2951:Croatian
2858:Arbëresh
2841:Albanian
2782:Cadorino
2771:Friulian
2727:Venetian
2718:Venetian
2657:Romagnol
2585:Cremunés
2578:Novarese
2557:Varesino
2548:Ossolano
2541:Ticinese
2534:Milanese
2525:Lecchese
2408:Ligurian
2213:Corsican
2192:Pantesco
2186:Sicilian
2126:Arianese
2120:Irpinian
2110:Cilentan
2067:Marinese
1966:Germanic
1962:Friulian
1950:Croatian
1942:Albanian
1871:: 23–92.
1069:Alveolar
964:January
926:fâṡ, fâż
919:to take
869:êit, èlt
862:English
854:Emilian
703:Santerno
668:Romagnol
666:but the
638:Modenese
632:Reggiolo
616:Reggiano
602:Parmense
589:Parmesan
541:signorie
518:Ligurian
510:Romagnol
423:emiliano
414:emigliàn
404:emigliân
399:Parmesan
386:Help:IPA
344:emil1241
269:Dialects
151:Lombardy
110:emigliàn
104:Emigliân
5061:Italics
4962:Chipilo
4905:Romansh
4868:Romance
4866:Rhaeto-
4831:Gardiol
4783:Landese
4773:Aranese
4758:Occitan
4717:Central
4681:Catalan
4672:Romance
4573:Creoles
4568:Saharan
4556:Murcian
4534:Llanito
4491:Chilean
4468:Spanish
4425:Creoles
4399:Mineiro
4381:African
4306:Riberan
4301:Leonese
4266:Iberian
4259:Romance
4186:Walloon
4159:Paydret
4137:Augeron
4077:Vosgien
4072:Gaumais
4067:Lorrain
4059:Creoles
4022:Muskrat
3968:Acadian
3896:Angevin
3886:Langues
3877:Romance
3783:Comasco
3756:Western
3749:Cremish
3739:Eastern
3734:Lombard
3702:Genoese
3697:Brigasc
3641:Emilian
3619:Western
3598:Istriot
3561:Vastese
3546:Molisan
3408:Italian
3344:Central
3290:Crișana
3245:Eastern
3228:Western
3213:Eastern
3078:Yiddish
3038:Mòcheno
2913:Istrian
2636:Emilian
2615:Cremish
2594:Spasell
2504:Comasco
2451:Lombard
2421:Genoese
2416:Brigasc
2382:Cellese
2300:Occitan
2282:Catalan
2149:Vastese
2134:Molisan
2050:Central
2015:Italian
1990:Slovene
1978:Occitan
1946:Catalan
1416:Central
1346:lateral
1317:central
1079:Palatal
818:Massese
809:rivers.
791:Liguria
783:Tuscany
771:Carrara
739:Tuscany
695:Mordano
628:Luzzara
608:in the
580:in the
554:Mantuan
522:Lombard
473:Italian
425:) is a
419:Italian
395:Emilian
382:Unicode
244:Emilian
214:Romance
155:Tuscany
97:Emilian
58:improve
4992:Others
4972:Talian
4967:Fiuman
4941:Others
4881:Fornes
4819:Niçard
4768:Gascon
4736:Patuet
4642:Others
4551:Castúo
4257:Ibero-
4217:Faetar
4164:Picard
4094:Norman
4082:Welche
4005:Magoua
3995:Quebec
3985:Brayon
3944:French
3926:Rémois
3875:Gallo-
3830:Pavese
3788:Laghée
3766:Canzés
3717:Royasc
3579:Others
3514:Barese
3442:Tuscan
3388:Sabino
3361:Ancona
3334:Italo-
3117:Romani
3098:Hebrew
3091:Others
3073:Walser
3016:German
2928:Resian
2789:Fornes
2735:Fiuman
2571:Pavese
2511:Laghée
2472:Canzés
2436:Royasc
2376:Faetar
2353:Aostan
2345:French
2322:Niçard
2100:Barese
2077:Sabino
2033:Tuscan
1982:Romani
1954:French
1852:
1817:
1715:
1666:]
1401:Vowels
1289:Rhotic
1219:voiced
1141:voiced
1064:Dental
1059:Labial
1027:aloura
985:ed, ad
971:fervêr
950:birch
943:bdoall
936:beech
883:lêregh
795:Modena
755:, and
753:Veneto
731:Pavana
671:comuni
598:Arioso
477:Tuscan
438:Emilia
204:Italic
159:Veneto
142:Region
47:, but
4915:Putèr
4910:Jauer
4898:Nones
4888:Ladin
4387:Asian
4044:Houma
4017:Métis
4000:Joual
3973:Chiac
3938:Gallo
3888:d'oïl
3280:Banat
3002:Griko
2980:Greek
2918:Karst
2796:Nones
2776:Ladin
1974:Ladin
1970:Greek
1668:(PDF)
1662:[
1632:(PDF)
1428:Close
1411:Front
1252:Nasal
1084:Velar
890:wide
876:high
803:Magra
799:Parma
715:Cento
679:Dozza
675:Imola
308:Latin
136:Italy
5070:Bold
4655:Caló
4338:Fala
4264:West
2898:Brda
1850:ISBN
1815:ISBN
1713:ISBN
1676:2012
1643:2012
1536:a aː
1523:Open
1515:ɔ ɔː
1494:ɛ ɛː
1485:o oː
1464:e eː
1450:u uː
1434:i iː
1421:Back
1091:Stop
1013:ê, é
992:and
807:Vara
805:and
797:and
765:and
725:and
697:and
673:of:
630:and
520:and
157:and
121:IPA:
1869:III
1458:Mid
1164:d͡ʒ
1125:t͡ʃ
999:dîṡ
916:,
858:IPA
600:or
455:of
436:of
368:IPA
328:egl
5098::
1992:,
1988:,
1984:,
1980:,
1976:,
1972:,
1968:,
1964:,
1960:,
1956:,
1952:,
1948:,
1944:,
1940::
1867:.
1692:.
1634:.
1611:.
1559:,
1553:,
1381:,
773:,
741:).
737:,
721:,
717:,
693:,
689:,
685:,
681:,
677:,
626:,
516:,
512:,
483:.
448:.
444:,
421::
417:;
411::
407:;
181:c.
153:,
107:,
4268:)
4262:(
3200:)
3196:(
3186:e
3179:t
3172:v
1912:e
1905:t
1898:v
1858:.
1823:.
1804:.
1721:.
1696:.
1645:.
1583:n
1577:n
1568:ə
1562:œ
1556:ø
1550:y
1529:æ
1508:ʌ
1501:œ
1478:ə
1471:ø
1441:y
1393:r
1384:ð
1378:θ
1364:ʎ
1357:l
1337:w
1330:j
1299:r
1281:ŋ
1274:ɲ
1267:n
1258:m
1240:z
1233:ð
1226:v
1206:s
1199:θ
1192:f
1171:ɡ
1155:d
1148:b
1132:k
1116:t
1109:p
1093:/
1076:/
932:,
759:.
733:(
713:(
536:.
475:(
388:.
278:†
83:)
77:(
72:)
68:(
54:.
20:)
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