1570:
473:
1563:
657:
36:
1556:
1167:
1229:
The
Princes of Hà-Tiên (1682-1867): the Last of the Philosopher-Princes and the Prelude to the French Conquest of Indochina: a Study of the Independent Rule of the Mac Dynasty in the Principality of Hà-Tiên, and the Establishment of the Empire of
500:, "marquess") by Cambodian king. He was allowed to build a small town composed of Chinese émigrée in the mouth of Mekong Delta. The colonial town was known as Hà Tiên in Vietnamese sources, while Cambodian called it
541:("marquess") from the Nguyễn. Since then, the Southern Vietnamese dominion saw Hà Tiên as an independent polity but a vassal of them. However, as a vassal of Cambodia, Hà Tiên still paid taxes to Cambodian court.
548:(Mo Shilin) succeeded. A Cambodian army invaded Hà Tiên in 1739 but was utterly defeated. From then on, Cambodia did not try to resume Hà Tiên, Hà Tiên enjoyed full independence from Cambodia thereafter.
1789:
649:(戴可来) stated that Mạc Tử Sinh was probably a puppet ruler installed by Siam. Not long after Mạc Tử Sinh died, Ngô Ma (吳魔) briefly served as acting ruler. Ngô Ma was probably the same person
2646:
678:. It made Singhanat very angry, Nguyễn Ánh had to send him back to Hà Tiên. Mạc Công Bính died in 1792; two generals, Trần Hanh (陳亨) and Trần Tô (陳蘇) were appointed acting rulers by Siam.
596:
in 1780, his two sons and most of his wife's
Vietnamese Kinh family members were executed. His other children were rescued and hid in the Siam countryside where they later assimilated into
592:
broke out, Hà Tiên supported the Nguyễn. The Nguyễn regime was overthrown in 1777, Mạc Thiên Tứ refused to surrender to Tây Sơn rebels, and fled to Siam. He was thrown into prison by
1766:
1569:
686:
739:
broke out in 1833, Mạc Công Du, Mạc Công Tài, their sons Mạc Hầu Hy (鄚侯熺) and Mạc Hầu Diệu (鄚侯耀), accepted official posts from rebels. All of them were arrested and taken to
2055:
2050:
256:
231:
2689:
1989:
1006:
682:
971:
671:
2914:
1090:
722:
156:
2970:
927:
627:
1052:
718:
2965:
1502:
480:
Hà Tiên and its nearby area had been a part of
Cambodia for a long time. In the late 17th century, a Chinese refugee, Mok Kiu (the Vietnamese called him
510:). The area had a dual political structure: Mạc Cửu ruled Chinese and Vietnamese; while local Khmers continued to be ruled by a Khmer governor, called
605:
1626:
1438:
Xing, Hang (2019), "Soaring dragon amid dynastic transition: Dates and legitimacy among the Post-Ming
Chinese diaspora", in Kenneth, Swope (ed.),
1347:
3025:
3020:
2899:
1751:
2682:
585:). In there, he was sheltered by Nguyễn lord. Two years later, Siamese army withdrew from Hà Tiên, and Mạc Thiên Tứ retook his principality.
721:
was appointed the ruler of Hà Tiên, however, he was only an official under Nguyễn dynasty. Mạc Công Du retired in 1829, his younger brother
2894:
3050:
706:
managed to appoint the ruler of Hà Tiên directly. Feared of provoking
Siamese, Ngô Y Nghiễm (吳依儼) and Lê Tiến Giảng (黎進講) were appointed
646:
560:
1631:
2360:
2325:
1948:
578:
3030:
2029:
635:
3060:
3055:
2980:
2631:
1708:
1495:
2641:
1974:
2288:
674:
as the new ruler of Hà Tiên in 1789. However, when Mạc Công Bính arrived in
Vietnam, Nguyễn Ánh appointed him the governor of
634:, an army under Mạc Tử Sinh and Phraya Thatsada was to reinforce them. However, Siamese fleet was defeated by Tây Sơn army in
2960:
2868:
1703:
1693:
1447:
1388:
556:
1211:
685:
was appointed the new ruler by Siam, and sent back to Hà Tiên. Since 1803, Hà Tiên was subjected to the jurisdiction of the
2975:
2765:
2734:
2656:
1943:
1780:
334:
2209:
35:
2300:
1698:
2335:
1953:
3015:
2739:
2268:
1488:
1332:
2518:
472:
2990:
2985:
2724:
1614:
1408:
1151:
2755:
3000:
2995:
2315:
2295:
1923:
1896:
1891:
1735:
1761:
2535:
2001:
1526:
3040:
2636:
2463:
2139:
2134:
1429:
2909:
653:(通言阿摩, lit. "A Ma, the interpreter"), a Siamese who served as a Vietnamese interpreter during Taksin's reign.
3035:
3010:
3005:
2365:
2320:
2249:
2024:
1933:
1911:
2729:
1906:
1536:
2606:
2392:
2244:
2109:
1663:
1532:
2904:
2397:
622:. However, Ánh had to abandon it because he was attacked by Tây Sơn army. In 1785, a Siamese army under
2786:
2493:
2483:
2355:
2305:
2239:
2204:
2189:
2169:
1901:
1718:
1658:
691:
2601:
2350:
2214:
2199:
736:
2672:
2468:
2407:
2074:
1756:
1723:
618:
in
Vietnamese) was sent to capture Hà Tiên. The town was occupied by rebels but soon was captured by
2596:
2473:
2149:
2119:
3045:
2846:
2840:
2828:
2568:
2478:
2154:
1984:
1668:
699:'s funeral in 1807. During his absence, Mạc Công Du was appointed the acting ruler by Nguyễn Ánh.
2422:
2124:
1419:
2834:
2822:
2573:
2545:
2412:
2194:
2144:
2129:
2084:
1979:
743:. In the same year, Mạc Công Du and Mạc Công Tài died in prison. Later, Mạc Hầu Hy fled to Siam.
714:(鎮守, "governor"). The Vietnamese managed to eliminate the influence of Mạc family in this area.
2234:
2229:
2174:
884:
808:
545:
144:
2939:
2443:
2402:
2330:
2219:
2104:
1638:
623:
589:
2458:
1958:
1562:
1457:
1400:
Southern
Vietnam Under the Reign of Minh Mang (1820–1841): Central Policies and Local Response
645:) in 1787. In the same time, Mạc Tử Sinh was sent back to help Nguyễn Ánh. Chinese researcher
2448:
2066:
730:
249:
2919:
2094:
2677:
2370:
2340:
2016:
2924:
1863:
8:
2889:
2760:
2417:
2345:
2310:
2179:
2034:
1928:
1845:
1713:
667:
287:
79:
2453:
2224:
2079:
2699:
2488:
2380:
2164:
2159:
2089:
1511:
854:
703:
341:
in the 18th and 19th century prior to its annexation by the latter in 1832. Along with
338:
236:
2694:
2184:
1869:
1821:
1683:
2530:
2427:
2283:
2006:
1809:
1688:
1621:
1542:
1443:
1425:
1404:
1384:
2099:
1815:
656:
619:
537:
of
Vietnam in 1707, just after an invasion by Siam. He received the Vietnamese rank
2863:
2591:
2254:
1996:
1673:
1648:
1599:
1469:
642:
534:
324:
184:
74:
1833:
2716:
2385:
2375:
1851:
1604:
1398:
1378:
774:
660:
551:
Mạc Thiên Tứ's reign saw the golden age of Hà Tiên. In 1758, Hà Tiên established
481:
131:
2929:
2651:
1827:
1918:
171:
89:
84:
2806:
2114:
1380:
Water frontier: commerce and the
Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880
582:
295:
2954:
2934:
1803:
1728:
696:
597:
342:
305:
94:
675:
456:, and infinite other variations. Many of the pronunciations were similar to
1678:
1609:
1473:
631:
461:
354:
320:
107:
61:
2873:
2626:
2540:
1839:
1480:
1857:
1938:
1886:
1458:"Maritime Routes Between Indochina and Nusantara to the 18th Century"
630:
was sent back to Hà Tiên by Rama I. When the Siamese fleet landed in
353:, Hà Tiên was a major Chinese community center and important hub of
2770:
1797:
552:
329:
1767:
Declaration of independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
1555:
740:
485:
327:, in modern-day southern Vietnam and Cambodia. It was originally
274:
641:
Nguyễn Ánh returned to Vietnam and retook Gia Định (present-day
2513:
1000:
Interregnum, Trần Hanh and Trần Tô as acting rulers (1792–1800)
601:
593:
574:
350:
346:
1046:
Ngô Y Nghiễm and Lê Tiến Giảng as acting governors (1809–1816)
1627:
Nguyễn dynasty's persecution of Catholics in the 19th century
490:
604:
was crowned the new Siamese king in 1782, a Siamese general
573:
in Vietnamese) as the new Siamese king, but was defeated by
333:
independent, but later became a vassal state of the Siamese
488:
peninsula back then in 1671, was granted the Khmer title
2915:
Postage stamps and postal history of Annam and Tongking
1997:
Names of the Nguyễn dynasty state (Việt Nam / Đại Nam)
1424:(in Chinese), Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou gu ji chu ban she,
1191:
520:). However, Siamese sources called the Hà Tiên rulers
360:
The name of the principality was variously spelled as
323:
of Chinese settlers ruled by the Mạc (Mo) clan at the
600:. In this situation, a power vacuum developed. After
898:Đặc tiến quốc lão Hà Tiên trấn đô đốc Tông quận công
1015:
Hà Tiên chánh khâm sai lưu thủ cai cơ Thiêm Lộc hầu
702:Mạc Tử Thiêm died in 1809. Since then, Vietnamese
2952:
1097:
1068:
1059:
1022:
1013:
978:
934:
896:
889:
815:
781:
530:), thus confusing them with the Khmer governor.
1396:
1256:
965:Interregnum, Ngô Ma as acting ruler (1788–1789)
626:was sent to help Nguyễn Ánh. In the same time,
2900:Esplanade of Sacrifice to the Heaven and Earth
581:, Mạc Thiên Tứ had flee to Trấn Giang (modern
2971:States and territories disestablished in 1832
2683:Confucian court examination system in Vietnam
1496:
1024:Hà Tiên trấn khâm sai chưởng cơ Thiêm Lộc hầu
460:, thus confusing Hà Tiên with a nearby town
838:
793:
638:. Mạc Tử Sinh and Nguyễn Ánh fled to Siam.
515:
505:
495:
2966:States and territories established in 1707
1924:House of People's Representatives of Annam
1503:
1489:
1442:, Taylor & Francis, pp. 279–304,
1163:
1161:
1146:
1144:
946:
866:
827:
695:). Mạc Tử Thiêm went to Bangkok to attend
609:
564:
525:
395:
385:
357:loyalist networks in premodern Indochina.
183:• Mạc Cửu switched allegiance to the
34:
2690:Quốc Học – Huế High School for the Gifted
1510:
1421:Ling nan zhi guai deng shi liao san zhong
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1279:
1277:
1223:
1221:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
891:Hà Tiên trấn khâm sai đô đốc Tông Đức hầu
817:Hà Tiên trấn khâm sai đô đốc Tông Đức hầu
746:
2895:Economy of the Nguyễn dynasty until 1884
1752:Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina
1340:
1252:
1250:
1232:Brussels, Thanh-long, 1983, p. 164.
1131:
1129:
655:
471:
2695:Société d’Enseignement Mutuel du Tonkin
1417:
1376:
1360:
1348:"ប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រប្រទេសកម្ពុជា-ជំពូកទី៣"
1320:
1295:
1283:
1268:
1241:
1185:
1158:
1141:
936:Hà Tiên lưu thủ tham tướng Lý Chánh hầu
559:, Mạc Thiên Tứ tried to install Prince
40:The area ruled by Mok (莫) family (1829)
3026:Former countries in Vietnamese history
2953:
2647:Khâm định Việt sử Thông giám cương mục
1354:
1301:
1289:
1274:
1262:
1218:
1172:
3021:Former countries in Cambodian history
2869:Imperial Order of the Dragon of Annam
1704:Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth League
1694:History of Vietnam during World War I
1484:
1247:
1235:
1126:
710:(權領鎮事, "acting governor") instead of
1455:
1437:
1197:
1135:
579:devastated by Siamese troops in 1771
1061:Hà Tiên trấn hiệp trấn Du Thành hầu
783:Hà Tiên trấn tổng binh Cửu Ngọc hầu
557:War of the second fall of Ayutthaya
533:Mạc Cửu switched allegiance to the
51:Vietnamese protectorate (1707–1832)
13:
3051:Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia
2361:Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–1845)
2326:Siamese–Vietnamese War (1831–1834)
1403:. Cornell Southeast Asia Program.
555:as puppet king of Cambodia. After
49:Cambodian protectorate (1707–1736)
14:
3072:
2423:Uprising of the Nghệ-Tĩnh soviets
2321:Anouvong's Rebellion against Siam
1615:Six Provinces of Southern Vietnam
1418:Dai, Kelai; Yang, Baoyun (1991),
980:Long Xuyên lưu thủ Bính Chánh hầu
3031:Former countries in Thai history
2657:Woodblocks of the Nguyễn Dynasty
2296:Vietnamese invasions of Cambodia
1897:Court of Imperial Entertainments
1736:French Indochina in World War II
1568:
1561:
1554:
484:), who had fled his homeland in
254:
229:
53:Siamese protectorate (1785–1809)
2857:Orders, decorations, and medals
2301:Cambodian rebellion (1811–1812)
2289:French assistance to Nguyễn Ánh
1326:
1209:
476:The tomb of Mạc Cửu in Ha Tien.
196:• Hà Tiên Province formed
2981:1832 disestablishments in Asia
2507:Special administrative regions
1377:Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana (2004),
1203:
544:Mạc Cửu died in 1736, his son
300:
1:
2366:Bombardment of Tourane (1847)
1934:Imperial Household Department
1912:Office of the National Altars
1632:Tự Đức's Catholic persecution
1533:French protectorates of Annam
1370:
1070:Hà Tiên trấn thủ Du Thành hầu
598:Hainan Min speaking community
2437:Prominent military personnel
2393:Ba Dinh uprising / Cần Vương
1907:Court of Imperial Sacrifices
1383:, Rowman & Littlefield,
729:was disestablished in 1832.
7:
2976:1707 establishments in Asia
2519:Principality of Thuận Thành
2002:Seals of the Nguyễn dynasty
636:Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút
10:
3077:
3061:Thailand–Vietnam relations
3056:Cambodia–Vietnam relations
2787:French Indochinese piastre
2356:Cambodian rebellion (1840)
2306:Cambodian rebellion (1820)
1902:Court of the Imperial Stud
1719:Communist Party of Vietnam
1659:French conquest of Vietnam
1550:
1350:(in Khmer). 14 March 2008.
1212:"鄚氏河仙政权（"港口国"）与18世纪中南半岛局势"
467:
3016:Former monarchies of Asia
2882:
2856:
2815:
2799:
2779:
2748:
2715:
2708:
2665:
2619:
2584:
2561:
2554:
2506:
2436:
2276:
2267:
2064:
2043:
2017:Provincial administration
2015:
1967:
1880:Ministries & agencies
1879:
1788:
1779:
1757:Vietnamese famine of 1945
1744:
1647:
1584:
1577:
1519:
1113:grandson of Mạc Thiên Tứ
1085:grandson of Mạc Thiên Tứ
1044:
998:
994:grandson of Mạc Thiên Tứ
963:
947:
919:
867:
839:
828:
794:
610:
577:. Hà Tiên was completely
565:
526:
516:
506:
496:
396:
386:
309:
270:
208:
204:
194:
181:
177:
167:
163:
150:
138:
125:
121:
113:
103:
67:
57:
45:
33:
28:
18:
2991:19th century in Cambodia
2986:18th century in Cambodia
2555:Palaces & mausoleums
2336:Nông Văn Vân's Rebellion
2316:Phan Bá Vành's Rebellion
1892:Court of Judicial Review
1669:Great Hanoi Rat Massacre
1397:Choi Byung Wook (2004).
1168:พระราชพงศาวดารกรุงธนบุรี
1119:
733:was formed in its area.
3001:19th century in Vietnam
2996:18th century in Vietnam
2961:Principality of Hà Tiên
2910:Long Wall of Quảng Ngãi
2642:Hoàng Lê nhất thống chí
2526:Principality of Hà Tiên
2085:Jean-Baptiste Chaigneau
1699:Việt Nam Quang Phục Hội
921:Interregnum (1777–1785)
906:Phraya Rachasethi Yuan
687:Viceroyalty of Gia Định
284:Principality of Hà Tiên
20:Principality of Hà Tiên
2940:Vietnamese nationalism
2632:Đại Nam nhất thống chí
2403:Pacification of Tonkin
2331:Nduai Kabait rebellion
1709:Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng
1649:French protectorate(s)
1474:10.3406/arch.2013.4385
1098:
1069:
1060:
1023:
1014:
979:
935:
897:
890:
863:Phraya Rachasethi Chin
824:Phraya Rachasethi Yuan
816:
782:
747:List of Hà Tiên rulers
664:
624:Krom Luang Thepharirak
477:
291:
2673:Imperial Academy, Huế
2620:Society & culture
2044:French administration
1949:Ministry of Education
1762:Abdication of Bảo Đại
659:
475:
3036:Former protectorates
3011:19th century in Siam
3006:18th century in Siam
2905:House of Nguyễn Phúc
2678:Imperial examination
2569:Imperial City of Huế
2413:Vue Pa Chay's revolt
2408:Thái Nguyên uprising
2398:Yên Thế Insurrection
2371:Cochinchina campaign
1456:Wade, Geoff (2013).
1257:Choi Byung Wook 2004
1099:Hà Tiên thủ quản thủ
1040:son of Mạc Thiên Tứ
959:son of Mạc Thiên Tứ
335:Rattanakosin Kingdom
317:Hà Tiên Protectorate
3041:Kiên Giang province
2890:Domain of the Crown
2780:Colonial currencies
2735:Khải Định Thông Bảo
2592:Thien Tho Mausoleum
2346:Ja Thak Wa uprising
2341:Katip Sumat's Jihad
2311:Ja Lidong rebellion
1929:Imperial Clan Court
1714:Le Travail movement
1585:Sovereign Việt Nam
1361:Dai & Yang 1991
1334:Siamese Melting Pot
1321:Dai & Yang 1991
1296:Dai & Yang 1991
1284:Dai & Yang 1991
1269:Dai & Yang 1991
1242:Dai & Yang 1991
1200:, pp. 297–298.
1186:Cooke & Li 2004
868:พระยาราชาเศรษฐี จีน
829:พระยาราชาเศรษฐี ญวน
668:Maha Sura Singhanat
512:Oknha Reacheasetthi
337:and the Vietnamese
313:Mueang Phutthai Mat
2700:Tonkin Free School
2536:Thủy Xá and Hỏa Xá
2381:Garnier Expedition
2351:Lê Văn Khôi revolt
2110:Michael Hồ Đình Hy
2090:Jean Marie Despiau
1323:, pp. 326–329
1298:, pp. 322–323
1286:, pp. 313–319
1244:, pp. 303–304
1227:Nicholas Sellers,
1152:"清实录·乾隆实录·卷之八百三十七"
1032:Chaophraya Rottha
879:appointed by Siam
737:Lê Văn Khôi revolt
708:quyền lĩnh trấn sự
665:
478:
380:(昆大嗎) in Chinese,
237:Post-Angkor period
2948:
2947:
2795:
2794:
2740:Bảo Đại Thông Bảo
2615:
2614:
2531:Sip Song Chau Tai
2502:
2501:
2494:Trương Minh Giảng
2484:Nguyễn Tri Phương
2428:August Revolution
2263:
2262:
2240:Trương Minh Giảng
2190:Nguyễn Tri Phương
2007:Vietnamese dragon
1775:
1774:
1689:Hanoi Poison Plot
1639:Văn Thân movement
1622:Citadel of Saigon
1543:Empire of Vietnam
1449:978-1-000-13466-7
1390:978-0-7425-3083-6
1337:by Edward Van Roy
1117:
1116:
943:Phraya Rachasethi
757:Vietnamese title
590:Tây Sơn rebellion
522:Phraya Rachasethi
280:
279:
266:
265:
262:
261:
242:
241:
152:• 1830–1832
140:• 1735–1777
127:• 1707–1735
3068:
2725:Tự Đức Thông Bảo
2713:
2712:
2637:Đại Nam thực lục
2559:
2558:
2469:Nguyễn Văn Thành
2464:Nguyễn Huỳnh Đức
2277:Battles and wars
2274:
2273:
2255:Philippe Vannier
2250:Nguyễn Văn Tường
2140:Nguyễn Huỳnh Đức
2135:Nguyễn Trường Tộ
2075:Bạch Xuân Nguyên
2051:Khâm sứ Trung Kỳ
1990:Provincial flags
1786:
1785:
1674:Hanoi Exhibition
1652:(Pháp thuộc, 法屬)
1582:
1581:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1505:
1498:
1491:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1452:
1434:
1414:
1393:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1344:
1338:
1330:
1324:
1318:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1281:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1259:, pp. 23–24
1254:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1225:
1216:
1215:
1207:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1188:, pp. 43–46
1183:
1170:
1165:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1139:
1133:
1101:
1072:
1063:
1026:
1017:
982:
950:
949:
938:
900:
893:
870:
869:
842:
841:
831:
830:
819:
797:
796:
785:
751:
750:
731:Hà Tiên Province
643:Ho Chi Minh City
613:
612:
568:
567:
529:
528:
519:
518:
509:
508:
499:
498:
399:
398:
389:
388:
325:Gulf of Thailand
311:
303:
302:
258:
257:
250:Hà Tiên province
246:
245:
233:
232:
226:
225:
210:
209:
68:Spoken languages
38:
16:
15:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3046:Kampot province
2951:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2878:
2852:
2811:
2791:
2775:
2744:
2704:
2661:
2611:
2597:Khiêm Mausoleum
2580:
2550:
2498:
2479:Nguyễn Văn Nhơn
2459:Nguyễn Cư Trinh
2432:
2386:Sino-French War
2376:Tonkin campaign
2259:
2215:Tôn Thất Thuyết
2200:Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ
2185:Phan Thanh Liêm
2180:Phan Thanh Giản
2175:Phan Đình Phùng
2155:Nguyễn Văn Nhơn
2060:
2056:Thống sứ Bắc Kỳ
2039:
2011:
1963:
1875:
1771:
1745:Japanese period
1740:
1651:
1643:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1527:Sovereign state
1515:
1509:
1450:
1432:
1411:
1391:
1373:
1368:
1367:
1359:
1355:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1327:
1319:
1302:
1294:
1290:
1282:
1275:
1267:
1263:
1255:
1248:
1240:
1236:
1226:
1219:
1208:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1184:
1173:
1166:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1134:
1127:
1122:
1102:
1093:
1074:
1067:
1065:
1055:
1028:
1021:
1019:
1009:
983:
974:
948:พระยาราชาเศรษฐี
944:
939:
930:
903:(特進國老河僊鎮都督琮郡公)
902:
895:
864:
857:
849:son of Mạc Cửu
836:
825:
820:
811:
786:
777:
749:
651:Thông ngôn A Ma
606:Phraya Thatsada
527:พระยาราชาเศรษฐี
517:ឧកញ៉ារាជាសេដ្ឋី
470:
299:
255:
230:
197:
187:
153:
141:
128:
99:
52:
50:
41:
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
3074:
3064:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2920:Thoại Hà Canal
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2860:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2844:
2838:
2832:
2826:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2752:
2750:
2749:Currency units
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2730:Tự Đức Bảo Sao
2727:
2721:
2719:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2675:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2565:
2563:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2546:Trấn Tây Thành
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2474:Nguyễn Văn Tồn
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2418:Yên Bái mutiny
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2383:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2280:
2278:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2245:Trương Tấn Bửu
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2220:Trần Trọng Kim
2217:
2212:
2207:
2205:Thoại Ngọc Hầu
2202:
2197:
2195:Thân Văn Nhiếp
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2170:Phạm Thận Duật
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2150:Nguyễn Văn Tồn
2147:
2145:Nguyễn Văn Tâm
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2095:Hoàng Cao Khải
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2071:
2069:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1982:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1867:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1792:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1655:
1653:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1624:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1607:
1602:
1596:
1594:
1591:thời độc lập,
1579:
1575:
1574:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1540:
1530:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1512:Nguyễn dynasty
1508:
1507:
1500:
1493:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1453:
1448:
1440:The Ming World
1435:
1430:
1415:
1409:
1394:
1389:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1353:
1339:
1325:
1300:
1288:
1273:
1261:
1246:
1234:
1217:
1202:
1190:
1171:
1157:
1140:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1095:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1057:
1049:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1020:(河僊正欽差留守該奇添祿侯)
1011:
1003:
1002:
996:
995:
992:
989:
987:
985:
976:
968:
967:
961:
960:
957:
954:
952:
941:
932:
924:
923:
917:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
887:
881:
880:
877:
874:
872:
861:
859:
851:
850:
847:
844:
833:
822:
813:
805:
804:
802:
799:
790:
788:
779:
771:
770:
767:
764:
761:
760:Siamese title
758:
755:
754:Personal name
748:
745:
704:Nguyễn dynasty
692:Gia Định Thành
469:
466:
339:Nguyễn dynasty
278:
277:
272:
268:
267:
264:
263:
260:
259:
252:
243:
240:
239:
234:
222:
221:
216:
206:
205:
202:
201:
198:
195:
192:
191:
188:
182:
179:
178:
175:
174:
172:Modern history
169:
168:Historical era
165:
164:
161:
160:
154:
151:
148:
147:
142:
139:
136:
135:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
98:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
71:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
47:
43:
42:
39:
31:
30:
26:
25:
22:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3073:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2925:Vĩnh Tế Canal
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2707:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2608:
2607:Ứng Mausoleum
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2575:
2574:Meridian Gate
2572:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2553:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2505:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2489:Phan Văn Thúy
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2444:Hoàng Kế Viêm
2442:
2441:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2210:Tôn Thất Đính
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2160:Phan Văn Thúy
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2130:Ngô Đình Khôi
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2120:Ngô Đình Diệm
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2105:Hoàng Kế Viêm
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2063:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1980:Đăng đàn cung
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1506:
1501:
1499:
1494:
1492:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1451:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1433:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1416:
1412:
1410:0-87727-138-0
1406:
1402:
1401:
1395:
1392:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1363:, p. 256
1362:
1357:
1349:
1343:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1322:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1297:
1292:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1271:, p. 311
1270:
1265:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1243:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1222:
1214:(in Chinese).
1213:
1206:
1199:
1194:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1169:
1164:
1162:
1154:(in Chinese).
1153:
1147:
1145:
1138:, p. 102
1137:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1071:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:(河僊鎮欽差掌奇添祿侯)
1025:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1001:
997:
993:
990:
988:
986:
981:
977:
973:
972:Mạc Công Bính
970:
969:
966:
962:
958:
955:
953:
942:
937:
933:
929:
926:
925:
922:
918:
914:
911:
909:Preah Sotoat
908:
905:
899:
892:
888:
886:
883:
882:
878:
875:
873:
862:
860:
856:
853:
852:
848:
845:
834:
823:
821:(河僊鎮欽差都督琮德侯)
818:
814:
810:
807:
806:
803:
800:
791:
789:
784:
780:
776:
773:
772:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
752:
744:
742:
738:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
715:
713:
709:
705:
700:
698:
697:Anurak Devesh
694:
693:
688:
684:
679:
677:
673:
672:Mạc Công Bính
669:
662:
658:
654:
652:
648:
644:
639:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
562:
558:
554:
549:
547:
542:
540:
536:
531:
523:
513:
503:
493:
492:
487:
483:
474:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:Banteay M'eas
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
393:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
331:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:เมืองพุทไธมาศ
307:
297:
293:
289:
285:
276:
273:
271:Today part of
269:
253:
251:
248:
247:
244:
238:
235:
228:
227:
224:
223:
220:
217:
215:
212:
211:
207:
203:
199:
193:
189:
186:
180:
176:
173:
170:
166:
162:
158:
155:
149:
146:
143:
137:
133:
130:
124:
120:
116:
112:
109:
106:
102:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
72:
70:
66:
63:
60:
56:
48:
44:
37:
32:
27:
17:
2883:Other topics
2602:An Mausoleum
2525:
2449:Lê Văn Duyệt
2284:Tây Sơn wars
2230:Đặng Huy Trứ
2225:Trần Cao Vân
2125:Ngô Đình Khả
2080:Cao Xuân Dục
1975:Coat of arms
1939:Quốc Tử Giám
1919:Hàn lâm viện
1724:Phú Riềng Đỏ
1600:Nguyễn lords
1589:(Nhà Nguyễn
1465:
1461:
1439:
1420:
1399:
1379:
1356:
1342:
1333:
1328:
1291:
1264:
1237:
1228:
1205:
1193:
1091:Mạc Công Tài
1073:(since 1818)
1064:(until 1818)
1045:
1027:(since 1805)
1018:(until 1805)
1007:Mạc Tử Thiêm
999:
964:
940:(河僊留守參將理政侯)
920:
901:(since 1775)
894:(until 1775)
885:Mạc Thiên Tứ
835:Preah Sotoat
809:Mạc Thiên Tứ
763:Khmer title
735:
727:Hà Tiên trấn
726:
723:Mạc Công Tài
716:
711:
707:
701:
690:
683:Mạc Tử Thiêm
680:
666:
663:'s mausoleum
650:
640:
632:Banteay Meas
615:
587:
570:
550:
546:Mạc Thiên Tứ
543:
538:
535:Nguyễn lords
532:
521:
511:
501:
489:
479:
462:Banteay Meas
458:Banteay Meas
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
391:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
359:
328:
321:principality
316:
312:
292:Hà Tiên trấn
283:
281:
219:Succeeded by
218:
213:
185:Nguyễn lords
157:Mạc Công Tài
145:Mạc Thiên Tứ
108:protectorate
2454:Lê Văn Khôi
2235:Trương Định
1959:Viện cơ mật
1872:(1925–1945)
1866:(1916–1925)
1860:(1907–1916)
1854:(1889–1907)
1848:(1885–1889)
1842:(1884–1885)
1836:(1883–1884)
1818:(1847–1883)
1812:(1841–1847)
1806:(1820–1841)
1800:(1802–1820)
1684:Duy Tân Hội
1539:(1883–1945)
1529:(1802–1883)
1053:Mạc Công Du
928:Mạc Tử Sinh
787:(河僊鎮總兵玖玉侯)
725:succeeded.
719:Mạc Công Du
628:Mạc Tử Sinh
442:Pontiamasse
414:Panthai-mas
412:in French,
406:Pontheaymas
400:) in Thai,
382:Phutthaimat
362:Hexian Zhen
214:Preceded by
2955:Categories
2717:Cash coins
2165:Phạm Quỳnh
2100:Hoàng Diệu
2065:Prominent
1852:Thành Thái
1846:Đồng Khánh
1781:Government
1605:Đàng Trong
1468:: 83–104.
1431:7534802032
1371:References
1110:1830–1832
1082:1816–1829
1075:(河僊鎮守榆成侯)
1066:(河僊鎮叶鎮榆成侯)
1037:1800–1809
991:1789–1792
984:(龍川留守柄正侯)
956:1785–1788
912:1773–1777
876:1771–1773
855:Tang Lieng
846:1736–1771
840:ព្រះសុទត្ដ
801:1707–1735
676:Long Xuyên
670:appointed
620:Nguyễn Ánh
616:Thát Xỉ Đa
611:พระยาทัศดา
571:Chiêu Thúy
430:Bantay-mas
402:Ponthiamas
392:Banthaimat
315:), or the
301:河僊鎮 or 河仙鎮
288:Vietnamese
104:Government
80:Vietnamese
2935:Việt gian
2874:Kim Khánh
2807:Hương ước
2666:Education
2541:Trấn Ninh
2067:mandarins
2035:Tổng Trấn
1887:Censorate
1864:Khải Định
1834:Kiến Phúc
1810:Thiệu Trị
1804:Minh Mạng
1729:Việt Minh
1664:Cần Vương
1587:/ Đại Nam
1198:Xing 2019
1136:Wade 2013
717:In 1818,
681:In 1800,
647:Dai Kelai
561:Chao Chui
446:Po-taimat
438:Pontiamas
426:Pontaimas
422:Pontiamas
418:Bantaimas
397:บันทายมาศ
29:1707–1832
2930:Tôn Thất
2816:Treaties
2709:Currency
2652:Khăn vấn
2269:Military
2030:Tuần phủ
1840:Hàm Nghi
1828:Hiệp Hòa
1798:Gia Long
1790:Emperors
1610:Nam tiến
1520:Overview
1462:Archipel
1230:Vietnam,
1103:(河僊守管守)
915:restore
712:trấn thủ
566:เจ้าจุ้ย
553:Outey II
410:Pontiano
387:พุทไธมาศ
376:(本底) or
343:Phố Hiến
330:de facto
319:, was a
2562:Palaces
2115:Lê Chất
1968:Symbols
1954:Nội các
1870:Bảo Đại
1858:Duy Tân
1822:Dục Đức
1679:Đông Du
1593:茹阮𥱯獨立)
1578:History
792:Oknha (
775:Mạc Cửu
661:Mạc Cửu
583:Cần Thơ
486:Leizhou
482:Mạc Cửu
468:History
450:Can Cao
378:Kundama
370:Gangkou
366:Nangang
364:(河仙鎮),
296:chữ Hán
275:Vietnam
134:(first)
132:Mạc Cửu
75:Chinese
62:Hà Tiên
58:Capital
2849:(1884)
2843:(1883)
2837:(1874)
2835:Saigon
2831:(1863)
2825:(1862)
2823:Saigon
2627:Áo dài
2514:Champa
2025:Đề Đốc
1944:Lục bộ
1830:(1883)
1824:(1883)
1816:Tự Đức
1545:(1945)
1537:Tonkin
1514:topics
1446:
1428:
1407:
1387:
769:Notes
766:Reign
602:Rama I
594:Taksin
588:After
575:Taksin
454:Cancar
372:(港口),
368:(南港),
351:Saigon
349:, and
347:Hoi An
159:(last)
117:
46:Status
2585:Tombs
1985:Flags
1210:李庆新.
1120:Notes
795:ឧកញ៉ា
497:ឧកញ៉ា
491:Oknha
390:) or
374:Bendi
90:Malay
85:Khmer
2800:Laws
2771:Tiền
2766:Quán
2761:Mạch
1535:and
1444:ISBN
1426:ISBN
1405:ISBN
1385:ISBN
1094:鄚公材
1056:鄚公榆
1010:鄚子添
975:鄚公柄
931:鄚子泩
812:鄚天賜
502:Peam
408:and
355:Ming
306:Thai
282:The
200:1832
190:1707
114:King
95:Cham
2864:Bai
2847:Huế
2841:Huế
2829:Huế
2756:Văn
1470:doi
858:陳聯
778:鄚玖
741:Huế
539:hầu
507:ពាម
23:河僊鎮
2957::
1466:85
1464:.
1460:.
1303:^
1276:^
1249:^
1220:^
1174:^
1160:^
1143:^
1128:^
951:)
871:)
843:)
832:)
798:)
614:,
569:,
464:.
452:,
448:,
444:,
440:,
436:,
432:,
428:,
424:,
420:,
416:,
404:,
345:,
308::
304:,
298::
294:;
290::
1504:e
1497:t
1490:v
1476:.
1472::
1413:.
945:(
865:(
837:(
826:(
689:(
608:(
563:(
524:(
514:(
504:(
494:(
394:(
384:(
286:(
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