488:. A class of companies have chosen to be "author-agnostic", attempting to serve a broad mass-market of ordinary citizens who may want to express, record and print keepsake copies of memories and personal writing (diaries, travelogues, wedding journals, baby books, family reunion reports etc.). Instead of tailoring themselves to the classic book format (at least 100 pages, mostly text, complex rules for copyright and royalties), these companies strive to make POD more mass-market by creating programs by which a range of different text and picture items can be produced as finished books. The management of copyrights and royalties is often less important for this market, as the books themselves have a small clientele (close family and friends, for instance).
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472:. Other services may also be available, including formatting, proofreading, and editing, but such companies typically do not spend money for marketing, unlike conventional publishers. Such companies are suitable for authors prepared to design and promote their work themselves, with minimal assistance and at minimal cost. POD publishing gives authors editorial independence, speed to market, ability to revise content, and greater financial return per copy than
77:
36:
341:"a proposal for high-speed facsimile machines which would produce a book to your order, anywhere in the world". As the magazine's editor, he said that "it, or something like it, is surely the shape of the publishing business some time in the future". As technology advanced, it became possible to store text in digital form –
519:
inadvertently printing many more copies than are necessary, and the associated costs of maintaining excess inventory or pulping. POD allows a publisher to use cheaper conventional printing to produce enough copies to satisfy a pessimistic forecast of the publication sales, and then rely on POD to make up the difference.
551:
Book stores order books through a wholesaler or distributor, usually at a discount of as much as 70%. Wholesalers obtain their books in two ways: either as a special order such that the book is ordered direct from a publisher when a book store requests a copy, or as stocked, which they keep in their
570:
carried an article entitled "A Very Short Run", in which author Andrew
Malcolm argued that under the rights-reversion clauses of older, pre-PoD contracts, copyrights would legally revert to their authors if their books were printed on demand rather than re-lithographed, and he envisaged a test case
509:
Among traditional publishers, POD services can be used to make sure that books remain available when one print job has sold out, but another has not yet become available. This maintains the availability of older works, the estimated future sales of which may not be great enough to justify a further
539:
Profits from print-on-demand publishing are on a per-sale basis, and royalties vary depending on the method by which the item is sold. Greatest profits are usually generated from sales direct from a print-on-demand service's website or by the author buying copies from the service at a discount, as
500:
Print-on-demand services that offer printing and distributing services to publishing companies (instead of directly to self-publishing authors) are also growing in popularity within the industry. Many major publishers print on demand as a way to save money on inventory costs. Print on demand also
491:
The major photo storage services have included the ability to produce picture books and calendars. However, they emphasize digital photography. Some companies apply this method to a greater volume of creative work (primarily text, as typed in personal weblogs) and include the capability to embed
518:
Print on demand can be used to reduce risk when dealing with "surge" publications that are expected to have large sales but a brief sales life (such as biographies of minor celebrities, or event tie-ins): these publications represent good profitability but also great risk owing to the danger of
555:
POD books are rarely if ever available on such terms because for the publishing provider it is considered too much of a risk. However, wholesalers monitor what works are selling, and if authors promote their work successfully and achieve a reasonable number of orders from book stores or online
447:
fulfills many of its art print orders by printing on-demand rather than pre-printing and storing them until they are sold, requiring less space and reducing overheads to the business. This was brought about after a fire destroyed £3 million worth of stock and damage to their warehouse.
311:
Before the introduction of digital printing technology, production of small numbers of publications had many limitations. Large print jobs were not a problem, but small numbers of printed pages were typically during the early 20th century produced using stencils and reproducing on a
575:(the journal of the UK Society of Authors) by Cambridge University Press's Business Development Director Michael Holdsworth, who argued that printing on demand keeps books "permanently in print", thereby invalidating authors' reversion rights.
267:
technology and business process in which book copies (or other documents, packaging, or materials) are not printed until the company receives an order, allowing prints in single or small quantities. While other industries established the
401:
These advantages reduce the risks associated with publishing books and prints and can result in increased choice for consumers. However, the reduced risks for the publisher can also mean that quality control is less rigorous than usual.
531:, allows books to be printed in a variety of larger type sizes and special formats for those with vision impairment or reading disabilities, as well as personalised typefaces and formats that suit an individual reader's needs.
552:
own warehouse as part of their inventory. Stocked books are usually also available through "sale or return", meaning that the book store can return unsold stock for full credit as much as one year after the initial sale.
468:. These services generally include printing and shipping each individual book ordered, handling royalties, and getting listings in online bookstores. The initial investment required for POD services is less than for
252:. Two large printers print the pages (left) and the cover (right) and feed them into the rest of the machine for collating and binding. Depending on the number of pages, printing may take 5 to 20 minutes.
547:
Because the per-unit cost is typically greater with POD than with a print job of thousands of copies, it is common for POD books to be more expensive than similar books made by conventional print jobs.
303:(lists of older publications); some use POD for all of their publications. Larger publishers may use POD in special circumstances, such as reprinting older, out-of-print titles or for test marketing.
373:
Print on demand with digital technology is a way to print items for a fixed cost per copy, regardless of the size of the order. While the unit price of each physical copy is greater than with
365:
or other computer printer, but the software and hardware to produce original good-quality printed colour text and graphics and to print small jobs fast and cheaply was unavailable.
492:
photographs and other media. Others assume the role of an infrastructure service provider, allowing any partner website to use its pre-designed payment and printing functions.
456:
The introduction of POD technologies and business models has created a range of new book creation and publishing opportunities. There are three main categories of offerings.
510:
conventional print job. This can be useful for publishers with large backlists, such that sales for individual works may be few, but cumulative sales may be significant.
813:
Snow, Danny (February 2001). "Print-on-Demand: The Best Bridge
Between New Technologies and Established Markets". BookTech: The Magazine for Publishers.
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Large inventories of a book or print material do not need to be kept in stock, reducing storage, handling costs, and inventory accounting costs.
429:
Digital technology is ideally suited to publish small print jobs of posters (often as a single copy) when they are needed. The introduction of
887:
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retailers (who use the same wholesalers as the stores), then there is a reasonable chance of their work becoming available on such terms.
571:
being successfully fought on this aspect. This claim was contradicted by an article entitled "Eternal Life?" in the Spring 2000 issue of
464:
POD creates a new category of publishing (or printing) company that offers services, usually for a fee, directly to authors who wish to
1017:
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have replaced their traditional printing equipment with POD equipment or contracted their printing to POD service providers. Many
544:, both of which buy at high discount, although some POD companies allow the publisher or author to set their own discount level.
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or similar machine. These produced printed pages of inferior quality to a book, cheaply and reasonably fast. By about 1950,
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While amateur/professional writers are targeted as early adopters by some companies, there is an effort to make POD more
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has allowed artists, photographers and owners of image collections to take advantage of print on demand.
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the publisher, and then selling them personally. Lesser royalties come from traditional bookshops and
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The Fine Print of Self-publishing: The
Contracts & Services of 48 Major Self-publishing Companies
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because it was not economical to print single copies using traditional printing technologies such as
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911:"From Publishers to Self-Publishing: The Disruptive Effects of Digitalisation on the Book Industry"
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Print on demand also allows books to be printed in a variety of formats. This process, known as
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were available to make paper master plates for offset duplicating machines. From about 1960,
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Hviid, Morten; Izquierdo
Sanchez, Sofia; Jacques, Sabine (11 November 2016).
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Andrew
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Many publishers use POD for other printing needs other than books such as
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POD has other business benefits besides lesser costs (for small jobs):
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part of the
Encyclopedia of Printing Technologies in 2 volumes.
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business model, POD could only develop after the beginning of
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Technical set-up is usually quicker than for offset printing.
988:
Michael
Holdsworth, 'Eternal Life', The Author, Spring 2000
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allows texts to be revised and published more quickly.
888:"How I Made It: Gyr King, founder of King & McGaw"
417:
art prints are made on-demand at their warehouse in
686:, Robert Lee Brewer & Joanna Masterson. (2006)
101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
390:There is little or no waste from unsold products.
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357:, etc. – and to print on a
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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226:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
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875:from the original on 23 September 2015.
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14:
1851:
1761:Category:Self-publishing online stores
1681:List of English language small presses
951:
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999:
817:
299:, use POD services to maintain large
966:from the original on 25 August 2010.
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834:from the original on 4 October 2013.
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172:
99:adding citations to reliable sources
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29:
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794:from the original on 12 August 2007
522:
405:
24:
1756:Category:Self-publishing companies
785:"New Model for University Presses"
739:The Handbook of Digital Publishing
368:
25:
1880:
1691:List of self-publishing companies
1422:Tate Publishing & Enterprises
621:List of self-publishing companies
479:
476:paid by conventional publishers.
244:An on-demand book printer at the
45:This article has multiple issues.
1726:Predatory open access publishing
886:Chynoweth, Carly (13 May 2012).
631:Predatory open access publishing
495:
177:
75:
34:
1415:International Library of Poetry
1380:American Biographical Institute
981:
970:
710:Print on Demand Book Publishing
677:
306:
86:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
952:Garner, Dwight (20 May 2008).
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902:
879:
857:
783:Scott Jaschik (31 July 2007).
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730:
13:
1:
1751:Category:Self-published books
1616:Association of Little Presses
845:Pohl, Frederik (April 1966).
723:
646:Category:Self-published books
443:For example, UK art retailer
397:, catalogs and review copies.
534:
433:-curable inks and media for
7:
737:Kleper, Michael L. (2000).
578:
190:to comply with Knowledge's
10:
1885:
1686:List of literary magazines
1636:British small press comics
712:, Morris Rosenthal (2004)
1869:Self-publishing companies
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1611:Article processing charge
1606:Amateur press association
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596:Article processing charge
567:Times Literary Supplement
560:Author's Reversion Rights
250:San Francisco, California
27:Printing business process
1785:Small Press Distribution
1265:Kindle Direct Publishing
1134:Kindle Direct Publishing
505:Maintaining availability
322:copying onto plain paper
203:may contain suggestions.
188:may need to be rewritten
1591:3D printing marketplace
1244:Barnes & Noble Nook
954:"Making Reading Easier"
460:Self-publishing authors
1810:Variable data printing
1746:Self Publish, Be Happy
1088:Self Publish, Be Happy
851:Galaxy Science Fiction
790:. insidehighered.com.
699:, Mark Levine. (2006)
684:2007.5 Writer's Market
666:Variable data printing
641:Self Publish, Be Happy
426:
338:Galaxy Science Fiction
253:
1596:Accessible publishing
1473:Espresso Book Machine
586:Accessible publishing
529:accessible publishing
413:
318:electrostatic copiers
243:
1400:Famous Poets Society
923:10.2139/ssrn.2893237
514:Managing uncertainty
95:improve this article
1493:Trafford Publishing
1395:Dorrance Publishing
1251:(aka Fiction Press)
1098:Trafford Publishing
847:"Where the Jobs Go"
573:The Author Magazine
293:academic publishers
1706:Mass customization
1661:Dynamic publishing
1646:Desktop publishing
1458:America Star Books
1375:America Star Books
1239:Archive of Our Own
1145:Barnes & Noble
959:The New York Times
828:"Copying Machines"
616:Dynamic publishing
427:
297:university presses
254:
1846:
1845:
1676:Independent music
1631:Bootleg recording
1601:Alternative media
1355:Vanity publishers
1349:
1348:
1295:PocketBook Reader
1255:Google Play Books
1160:Kobo Writing Life
917:. Rochester, NY.
591:Alternative media
452:Service providers
287:Many traditional
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192:quality standards
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110:"Print on demand"
68:
16:(Redirected from
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1711:Mimeo Revolution
1696:Literary presses
1651:Digital printing
1478:Lightning Source
1390:Author Solutions
1362:books published)
1358:(authors pay to
1234:Apple Book Store
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1165:Lightning Source
1125:e-book platforms
1068:Lightning Source
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894:. Archived from
892:The Sunday Times
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741:. Vol. II.
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542:online retailers
523:Variable formats
406:Other publishing
351:digital computer
274:digital printing
248:headquarters in
246:Internet Archive
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1766:Self publishing
1731:Print on demand
1721:Personalization
1716:Offset printing
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898:on 29 May 2015.
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1815:Web-to-print
1805:Vanity press
1800:Vanity label
1790:Vanity award
1730:
1641:Custom media
1509:products and
1446:
1324:Discontinued
1270:Kindle Store
1210:distribution
1083:Notion Press
1063:FriesenPress
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671:Web-to-print
661:Vanity press
606:Custom media
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363:line printer
355:mass storage
349:readable by
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307:Predecessors
295:, including
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209:January 2010
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197:You can help
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93:Please help
88:verification
85:
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47:Please help
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1820:Web fiction
1780:Small press
1701:Magnitizdat
1666:Fan fiction
1621:Author mill
1586:3D printing
1550:Spreadshirt
1513:merchandise
1463:AuthorHouse
1437:Xulon Press
1385:AuthorHouse
1370:CreateSpace
1331:Sony Reader
1195:Xulon Press
1113:Xulon Press
765:|work=
656:Small press
601:Author mill
486:mass-market
431:ultraviolet
353:, magnetic
278:letterpress
1859:Publishing
1853:Categories
1833:Publishing
1565:Vistaprint
1545:Shutterfly
1525:Custom Ink
1410:Poetry.com
1360:have their
1305:Smashwords
1285:NoiseTrade
1180:Smashwords
1093:Smashwords
1058:FastPencil
724:References
343:paper tape
328:original.
326:monochrome
314:mimeograph
121:newspapers
50:improve it
1626:Bill Bird
1555:TeePublic
1530:Redbubble
1520:CafePress
1447:Print on
1405:iUniverse
1315:Wikibooks
1290:OverDrive
1214:platforms
1140:App Store
1036:companies
798:14 August
767:ignored (
757:cite book
535:Economics
474:royalties
331:In 1966,
301:backlists
201:talk page
151:July 2008
56:talk page
1741:Samizdat
1468:DiggyPOD
1208:digital
1155:Bookmate
1053:DiggyPOD
1048:Darkside
964:Archived
931:39557371
873:Archived
832:Archived
792:Archived
636:Samizdat
579:See also
419:Newhaven
265:printing
1671:Fanzine
1540:Shopify
1498:Xlibris
1432:Xlibris
1368:Amazon
1341:Pronoun
1310:Wattpad
1190:Xlibris
1185:Wattpad
1132:Amazon
1108:Xlibris
1103:Wattpad
939:2893237
865:"About"
423:England
263:) is a
135:scholar
1570:Zazzle
1560:Spring
1511:custom
1449:demand
1336:Oyster
1300:Scribd
1222:Active
1205:E-book
1175:Scribd
1138:Apple
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199:. The
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1656:DÅjin
1451:books
1150:Blurb
1043:Blurb
927:S2CID
611:DÅjin
142:JSTOR
128:books
1488:Lulu
1280:Lulu
1275:Kobo
1170:Lulu
1078:Lulu
935:SSRN
915:SSRN
800:2007
769:help
743:ISBN
714:ISBN
701:ISBN
688:ISBN
280:and
114:news
919:doi
261:POD
97:by
1855::
962:.
956:.
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