601:
43:
572:
59:
746:
Ponce, Puerto Rico: Gobierno
Municipal Autónomo de Ponce. Comisión Puertorriqueña para la Celebración del Quinto Centenario del Descubrimiento de America y Puerto Rico, en Conmemoración del Encuentro de Dos Mundos. 1993. Acta # 136 of 28 October 1821. p.
579:
When the
Central American states gained independence, the precise frontiers were unclear. For example, some ancient maps and historical references suggest that the entire Caribbean coast as far as Cabo Gracias a Dios was part Tierra Firme or
690:
This territorial division set the basis for the
Hispanic administration of South America for several decades. It was formally dissolved in 1544, when King Charles I sent his personal envoy,
877:
L'Histoire du
Nouveau Monde ou description des Indes Occidentales, contenant dix-huict livres... enrichi de nouvelles tables geographiqiues & figures des animaux, plantes & fruicts
361:
347:
333:
308:
294:
280:
266:
252:
238:
801:
Le Canal De Panama, L Isthme
Americain explorations : Comparaison des Traces Etudies, Nnégociations; Etats des Travaux, Libraire Hachette Et C, Paris, 1886;
1006:
976:
525:
971:
1001:
996:
521:
1031:
986:
991:
981:
896:
966:
588:
that were never under the effective rule of Tierra Firme. Disputes over both of Panama's frontiers were finally solved by agreements with
561:
482:
1026:
961:
956:
557:
807:
El Canal De Panama, Itsmo
Americano. Exploraciones; Comparaciones de los trazados Estudiados; negociaciones; estados de los trabajos
1016:
851:
498:
1021:
1011:
758:
83:
860:(In Spanish.) Portal for "typical" music (characteristic of Panama): "Remembering the Coto War on the Centenary of Panama".
378:
870:
901:
600:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
840:("History of Panama"), a school text approved by Ministry of Education. Editorial A.I.P.S.A. 1984. (In Spanish.)
731:
679:
506:
340:
609:
789:("Descriptive Geography of the Republic of Panama"). Sixth Edition, text approved by Ministry of Education.
921:
663:
916:
564:
on the
Pacific side. Between these limits lie Santa Maria La Antigua Del Darien on the Gulf of Urabá and
42:
906:
635:
544:
as far as Cabo
Gracias a Dios. The eastern frontier of Tierra Firme also included the east side of the
843:
669:
58:
653:
911:
122:
398:
691:
354:
141:
145:
16:
Spain's New World Empire coastal possessions surrounding the
Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico
707:
8:
695:
613:
470:
434:
414:
326:
673:
529:
157:
512:
Tierra Firme later received control over other territories: the Isla de
Santiago (now
727:
49:
656:, forming the previous southern half of the Inca empire, stretching towards central
545:
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73:
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river. The idea was to create a unitary administrative organization similar to
390:
171:
890:
571:
442:
438:
386:
883:(1593–1649), published 1640 by Bonaventure & Abraham Elseviers, Leiden.
553:
493:; the main city in Tierra Firme was Santa Maria La Antigua del Darién, now
394:
285:
271:
107:
87:
875:, map showing this usage (and giving both spellings). The map is from
683:
624:, the Peruvian Hispanic administration was divided into six entities:
605:
589:
537:
629:
541:
575:
Old map of Tierra Firme, showing the initial divisions of the region
643:
621:
533:
474:
446:
382:
243:
726:
Diaz, B., 1963, The Conquest of New Spain, London: Penguin Books,
620:
After the territorial division of South America between Spain and
639:
632:
Coast, Central America, the Pacific Coast of Colombia and Mexico.
584:. On the other hand, this would embrace populated regions of the
513:
486:
666:, which was not formally conquered by Spain until decades later.
299:
565:
682:, territories from the south of the Strait of Magellan to the
657:
647:
209:
413:), or the "Mainland Province" (as contrasted with Spain's
457:
to colonize the territories between the west side of the
855:
Recordando La Guerra de Coto en el Centenario de Panama
872:
Tierra Firma item Nuevo Reyno de Granada atque Popayan
481:. Other provinces of this region during this era were
445:. In his fourth and last voyage, he also explored the
672:, the southernmost part of the continent until the
595:
813:Loteria Review N°4, Imprenta "la Academia", Panama
759:"Narrative of the Proceedings of Pedrarias Davila"
638:, consisting of the territories from roughly the
888:
786:Geografíi Descriptiva de la Republica de Panama
1007:1530s disestablishments in the Spanish Empire
977:States and territories disestablished in 1537
853:
844:
835:
826:
820:
811:
805:
790:
784:
477:. The westernmost portion was given the name
399:southern portion of these coastal possessions
799:
536:control; and the territories of present-day
417:). The Province of Tierra Firme, or simply
193:• Creation of the Viceroyalty of Peru
972:States and territories established in 1510
57:
1002:1510 establishments in the Spanish Empire
997:1530s disestablishments in South America
744:Actas del Cabildo de Ponce, Puerto Rico.
599:
570:
1032:Subdivisions of the Viceroyalty of Peru
987:1537 disestablishments in North America
750:
628:Province of Tierra Firme, included the
889:
825:("History of Panama"), Ninth Edition.
393:were referred to collectively as the
992:1510 establishments in South America
982:1510 establishments in North America
897:Spanish colonization of the Americas
756:
604:The administrative division and the
449:. In 1509, authority was granted to
385:coastal possessions surrounding the
967:Former countries in Central America
720:
13:
1027:16th century in the Spanish Empire
612:prior to the establishment of the
14:
1043:
864:
761:. The Hakluyt Society. p. 80
84:Santa María la Antigua del Darién
962:Former colonies in South America
957:Former colonies in North America
792:Panama: Imprenta Nacional. 1962.
698:that replaced the governorates.
596:Governorates in Hispanic America
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1017:16th century in Central America
63:Spanish map of the Tierra Firme
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694:, to govern the newly founded
680:Governorate of Terra Australis
507:Captaincy General of Guatemala
441:in Venezuela and explored the
341:Captaincy General of Venezuela
1:
1022:16th century in South America
1012:16th century in North America
846:el Portal de la Música Típica
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616:, including the Tierra Firme.
664:Governorate of New Andalusia
592:and Colombia, respectively.
532:and other islands now under
7:
701:
10:
1048:
777:
636:Governorate of New Castile
428:
819:Ernesto J.Castillero R.,
654:Governorate of New Toledo
411:Provincia de Tierra Firme
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27:Provincia de Tierra Firme
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902:Colonial Central America
834:Noris Correa de Sanjur,
497:, near the mouth of the
403:Province of Tierra Firme
379:Spain's New World Empire
23:Province of Tierra Firme
769:– via Wikisource.
742:Ilia del Toro Robledo.
670:Governorate of New León
646:border in the north to
552:, the east side of the
505:(now Mexico), near the
415:nearby insular colonies
952:1530s in South America
947:1520s in South America
942:1510s in South America
937:1530s in North America
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757:Andagoya, Pascual de.
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355:New Kingdom of Granada
831:. 1968. (In Spanish.)
603:
574:
568:on the Pacific side.
94:Common languages
828:Editorial Renovación
922:History of Honduras
696:Viceroyalty of Peru
614:Viceroyalty of Peru
471:Cabo Gracias a Dios
435:Cristopher Columbus
327:Viceroyalty of Peru
183:• Established
917:Colonial Venezuela
837:Historia de Panama
822:Historia de Panama
798:Lucien N.B. Wise,
708:Pedro Arias Dávila
674:Strait of Magellan
618:
577:
560:rivers, ending in
421:, was also called
401:were known as the
907:Colonial Colombia
692:Blasco Núñez Vela
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153:• 1516–1556
137:• 1492-1516
50:Cross of Burgundy
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483:Nueva Andalucia
473:in present-day
463:Cabo de la Vela
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546:Gulf of Darién
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495:Darién, Panama
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459:Gulf of Urabá
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443:Orinoco River
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439:Gulf of Paria
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763:. Retrieved
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503:Nueva España
479:Tierra Firme
478:
469:westward to
437:entered the
432:
422:
419:Tierra Firme
418:
402:
395:Spanish Main
376:
314:Ngäbe people
286:Wayuu people
226:Succeeded by
225:
220:
142:Ferdinand II
26:
850:, section:
530:Providencia
423:Costa Firme
272:Guna people
221:Preceded by
108:Catholicism
88:Panama City
891:Categories
732:0140441239
714:References
684:South Pole
640:Ecuadorian
608:grants of
606:adelantado
590:Costa Rica
562:Cabo Marzo
538:Costa Rica
526:Quitasueño
146:Isabella I
114:Government
644:Colombian
630:Caribbean
610:Charles V
542:Nicaragua
534:Colombian
433:In 1498,
158:Charles I
104:Religion
34:1498–1542
702:See also
622:Portugal
522:Roncador
475:Honduras
447:Honduras
389:and the
383:mainland
244:Kalinago
206:Currency
117:Monarchy
816:, 1956.
778:Sources
765:21 June
558:Truando
514:Jamaica
487:Veragua
429:History
407:Spanish
377:During
98:Spanish
80:Capital
730:
566:Jurado
554:Atrato
528:, and
516:) the
499:Tarena
465:, and
397:. The
381:, its
127:
69:Status
658:Chile
648:Cuzco
550:Urabá
467:Urabá
767:2019
747:207.
728:ISBN
556:and
540:and
485:and
461:and
453:and
300:Zenú
210:Peso
197:1542
187:1498
144:and
123:King
879:by
852:- "
548:or
489:or
893::
524:,
520:;
509:.
425:.
409::
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686:.
676:.
660:.
642:-
405:(
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