598:
1207:
1171:
1164:
1225:
1066:
1216:
1105:
1086:
1117:
909:" to be a historical flag, particularly appropriate for museum exhibits and the remains of the massive harbour-defense fortifications built in the 17th–18th centuries. At both San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico, and at Castillo de San Marcos National Monument in St. Augustine, Florida, the Cross of Burgundy is daily flown over the historic forts, built by Spain to defend their lines of communication between the territories of their New World empire. The flying of this flag reminds people today of the impact Spain and its military had on world history for over 400 years. It was also used by Spanish military forces.
426:
209:
1145:
1234:
300:
22:
1000:
854:
405:(1833–1840), however, the Burgundian banner was used as a banner of the Regent Queen's standing Army rather than that of the Carlist. After 1843 the red Burgundian saltire was repeatedly used the new red-yellow army flag under a four-quartered Castilian and Leonese coat of arms on the central yellow fess. During the 20th-century
291:. However, earlier chronicle accounts and archaeological finds of heraldic badges from Paris indicate widespread adoption dates from 1411 in the context of factional warfare in the city. It was more likely to have been adopted because St. Andrew was the patron saint of the dukes of Burgundy.
362:(1700–1746), the Spanish naval ensign was white and bore a royal coat of arms in the centre. The Burgundian flag was reportedly still flown as a jack ensign, that is, as a secondary flag, until Charles III introduced his new red-yellow-red naval ensign in 1785. It also remained
342:, who was King Charles I of Spain since 1516 and Duke Charles II of Burgundy since 1506, various armies within his empire used the flag with the Cross of Burgundy over different fields. It was one of the many Habsburg symbols and the right to use it was inherited by
177:. As a reflection of the historical reach of the Burgundian, Habsburg, and Spanish empires and territories, the emblem can be found in several countries in Europe and in the Americas, used on regimental colours, badges, shoulder patches, and company guidons.
1065:
1484:(...) Translation: (...) Crossed diagonally by two arms forming the cross of St. Andrew, also of silk and purple. (...) This viceroyal banner lasted as a symbol of colonial New Spain to the aforementioned 24 August 1821 (...) "
1116:
444:
as a global powerhouse across the world, numerous flags and coats of arms of bodies, in various colours and in combination with other symbols can be found in old
Spanish domains. Most of them have a direct link with the
1481:
atravesado diagonalmente por dos brazos que formaba la cruz de San Andrés, también de seda y de color morado. (...) Este estandarte virreinal duró como símbolo de la Nueva España hasta el ya citado 24 de agosto de
869:" (Battalion's Colour) with the Burgundian cross (carried by the second and third battalions); with four little coats-of-arms of the place for which it is named. If the battalions were merged by any reason, the
1503:
Para darle el carácter militar al escudo se coloca en la parte posterior (acolada), la Cruz de Borgoña (aspas), que es el símbolo militar de más antiguedad y tradición en las
Fuerzas Armadas españolas.
51:
1441:
1515:
1085:
1544:
1104:
440:
Users mostly have some direct or indirect relation to the historical
Burgundy, though such connection can be very vague and lost in the mists of time. Owing to the impact of the
1882:
505:
The third co-official flag used by several neo-Nazi/neo-fascist/white supremacist/ultranationalist groups in Spain together with 1871–1918/1935–45 German
1887:
1851:
877:
flags could be joined in a sole flag with the Royal Crest over the saltire. The flags with the Royal Crest of
Ferdinand VII were used by the Spaniards in the
1438:
1897:
1564:
Flags of the World (ed.):The
Burgundy cross,... used by Spain, especially at sea, for many years. In much more recent times, it was a symbol of Carlism (
597:
905:) and as a recurrent symbol in the flags of the Spanish armed forces and the Spanish Navy. Nations that were once part of the Spanish Empire consider "
577:
512:
1862:
1761:
1661:
1464:
834:
bears a red
Burgundian saltire since 1966 (same for the municipal coat of arms or crest), also as a heritage of Burgundy, as a part of the
1846:
1534:
1892:
928:, which is composed of a red saltire on a white field is thought to have originated from the Spanish Cross of Burgundy, as the city of
1030:
848:
1832:
1623:
1596:
761:' ensign in 1781–1786 was a black double-headed eagle on a red Burgundian saltire over a background of red over white over yellow
414:
1206:
1144:
346:
together with the
Burgundian territories. The official field was still white. The Spanish Habsburgs and their successors of the
288:
1285:
1273:
1258:
1190:
1178:
1352:
Hutchinson, Emily (2007). "Partisan identity in the French civil war,1405–1418: reconsidering the evidence on liverybadges".
882:
890:
1423:
1170:
917:
the Cross of
Burgundy (which is represented with a golden crown in the center) is the official flag of the department of
1163:
1962:
1784:
1472:
1224:
1183:
584:
355:
239:
1072:
1807:
1751:
1731:
1046:
1706:
963:
816:, the foremost Dutch military decoration since 1815, bears a white Maltese cross and a green Burgundian saltire
284:
1243:
1034:
1022:
339:
222:
1977:
1812:
1797:
1736:
1686:
1215:
1616:
633:
331:
King of Spain and used the Cross of
Burgundy as an emblem. It was the symbol of the house of his mother,
1711:
1696:
434:
742:
1967:
1957:
1322:
1014:
275:, writing in the 1490s, claims a previous Duke of Burgundy first adopted this emblem to honour his
138:
122:
1952:
1651:
1327:
1289:
1408:
315:
The year 1506 is the earliest use in Spain as it made an appearance on the standards carried by
1972:
1609:
1576:
1302:
1050:
1042:
947:
813:
726:
673:", both units raised in the late 17th century, together with the Household cavalry companies "
390:
1632:
1458:
1252:
1038:
918:
208:
425:
799:
758:
618:
386:
8:
1721:
1403:
Revista de
Historia Militar Año LIV (2010). Núm extraord. Madrid: Ministerio de Defensa.
1293:
1233:
1005:
820:
705:
605:
430:
316:
299:
87:
410:
234:
The banner strictly speaking dates to the early 15th century when the supporters of the
1916:
1539:
1369:
992:
861:" (King's Colour) with the Royal Crest of Spain (carried by the first battalion), and "
658:
573:
507:
343:
243:
1572:) and several neo-Nazi/white supremacist groups in Spain during the post-Franco years
1802:
1701:
1671:
1468:
1404:
1373:
1267:
955:
602:
554:
488:
406:
402:
359:
328:
324:
280:
146:
1947:
1822:
1792:
1746:
1681:
1591:
1573:
1365:
1361:
925:
698:
588:
347:
332:
320:
276:
235:
189:
162:
134:
115:
71:
63:
42:
999:
652:
409:
the Cross of Burgundy was used as a badge by the Carlists under the leadership of
1817:
1774:
1741:
1726:
1445:
1427:
1131:
984:
980:
166:
55:
34:
1420:
967:
878:
835:
824:
785:
772:
446:
441:
272:
193:
158:
79:
21:
1029:
The Cross of Burgundy is still flown at former Spanish fortifications such as
823:
of the Netherlands in the 15th and 16th centuries, which had been part of the
95:
1941:
1769:
1646:
1018:
940:
894:
792:
775:
in German service on the Russian front, a unit eventually transferred to the
733:
592:
517:
In Spain some local flags and coats of arms display the cross of Burgundy in
495:
398:
304:
130:
1110:
Banner of the Burgundian Cross of Burgundy with firesteel and Golden Fleece.
935:
The Cross of Burgundy appears on the coats of arms of the Chilean cities of
628:
The Cross of Burgundy is present in many of the symbols of the units of the
1568:) during the Spanish Civil War and afterwards by the Traditionalist Party (
995:, deriving from the Cross of Burgundy used during Spanish colonial periods.
629:
622:
382:
197:
107:
103:
714:" from Dijon wore a red Burgundian saltire on their left cuff or shoulder)
518:
114:, and a historical banner and battle flag used by holders of the title of
1496:
1332:
1010:
736:
bears a sort of yellow or white Burgundian saltire on a wider red saltire
558:
279:
soldiers. This must be a reference to the Scottish soldiers recruited by
1691:
1127:
932:
in southern Chile was a very important stronghold of the Spanish Empire.
350:
continued to use the Cross of Burgundy in various forms, including as a
338:
From 1519 to 1556, during the reign of Philip and Joanna's son, Emperor
802:, which dates from 1950, may well be an homage to the cross of Burgundy
378:
250:
resembling two crossed, roughly-pruned, branches on a white field. In
1535:"What's With All the Imperial Spanish Flags in Peru (and Elsewhere)?"
1151:
951:
898:
777:
614:
580:
in 1921–1978: Green Cross of Burgundy on white edged with red border)
562:
550:
546:
499:
477:
394:
374:
351:
308:
181:
142:
534:
323:
life guards. Philip was Duke of Burgundy since 1482. After marrying
1921:
929:
768:
566:
251:
174:
111:
771:
Belgian Ultra-Right-wing flag and badge since 1940, including the
542:
1716:
1676:
1601:
1401:
a bandera de España. El origen militar de los símbolos de España.
1123:
1076:
988:
914:
831:
530:
526:
522:
484:
459:
370:
247:
185:
150:
99:
1093:
765:
694:
538:
463:
258:
255:
170:
126:
625:, is a simplified monochrome version of the Cross of Burgundy.
225:, showing a Burgundian steel superimposed on Burgundian Cross.
180:
In the 20th century, the Cross of Burgundy has been used as a
1317:
936:
690:
686:
307:, King of Spain (1975–2014), with the Cross of Burgundy as a
266:
216:
212:
154:
1079:, where a flag with a reversed Cross of Burgundy was raised.
959:
853:
781:
in 1943 (a red Cross of Burgundy, either on white or black)
153:. After the Burgundian Habsburgs ascended to the throne of
751:
137:. At the extinction of the Valois ducal line in 1477, the
1501:, Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad Militar de Emergencias.,
1122:
Cross of Burgundy in red over a white flag was a flag of
462:
merchant ensign (inclusive of the so-called Consulate of
149:
and adopted the flag as one of the many symbols of their
363:
283:
in the first years of the fifteenth century, led by the
157:
in 1506, their officials introduced this ensign in the
842:
583:
The Cross of Burgundy was used as a supporter in the
1456:
795:(Belgium) bears a yellow Burgundian saltire on blue.
121:
It was first used in the 15th century by the Valois
857:
Banner of the foot regiments of the Spanish army: "
649:Of the two line infantry regiments raised in the
601:The Cross of Burgundy used as the fin flash of a
1939:
893:the Cross of Burgundy served as the flag of the
420:
393:, who would have been the legal heir under the
747:does not use the Cross of Burgundy in its flag
397:, which had been controversially abolished by
369:The flag eventually came to be adopted by the
1617:
1075:, a rebellion against Spanish authorities in
1460:Días Conmemorativos en la Historia de México
740:
720:
709:
680:
674:
668:
662:
650:
238:adopted the badge to show allegiance in the
1624:
1610:
1351:
732:The coat of arms of the French commune of
729:in France is keen on the Cross of Burgundy
449:, where this symbol had a global impact.
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1383:
849:Historical colours, standards and guidons
1522:, Ministerio de Defensa. Armada Española
998:
852:
784:As the merchant ensign and badge of the
596:
476:A pre-1785 general Spanish merchant and
424:
298:
207:
20:
1532:
1465:Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
973:
752:In Belgium and the Austrian Netherlands
389:. They claimed the throne of Spain for
1940:
1380:
1194:Common Version of the Standard Colours
1136:note: see the coat of arms of the king
830:The flag of the Dutch municipality of
634:6th Paratroopers Brigade "Almogávares"
294:
1605:
883:Spanish American wars of independence
819:A similar style flag was used by the
806:
1533:Moncada, Andrea (October 25, 2021).
891:Spanish colonisation of the Americas
358:. From the time of the Bourbon king
125:, who ruled a large part of eastern
1251:Variant with the lesser royal arms
843:In North, Central and South America
791:The local flag and coat of arms of
788:(Austrian Netherlands) in 1717–1731
429:Burgundian Cross of Burgundy, with
246:was crucified. The design is a red
242:. It represents the cross on which
13:
1631:
1281:Variant with the national quarters
1232:
1223:
1214:
1205:
946:The Cross of Burgundy was used by
14:
1989:
1585:
1276:– Version of the Standard Colours
1261:– Version of the Standard Colours
1246:– Version of the Standard Colours
18:Historical banner and battle flag
1169:
1162:
1143:
1115:
1103:
1098:division (old murrey or purpure)
1084:
1064:
632:, being the coat of arms of the
413:, who fought on the side of the
1547:from the original on 2021-10-25
1421:Royal Spanish Household website
576:flag (for instance that of the
47:Cruz de Borgoña/Aspa de Borgoña
1558:
1526:
1508:
1489:
1450:
1432:
1414:
1366:10.1016/j.jmedhist.2007.07.006
1345:
958:and anti-Republican groups in
636:one example among many others.
215:of the Chamber of Accounts in
1:
1457:Luis Tinajero Portes (1994),
1338:
1091:Coronela flag of the Spanish
1023:Castillo San Felipe del Morro
617:on all the aircraft from the
491:(1936–1939) up to the present
467:
421:Examples of use of the emblem
240:Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War
1003:Cross of Burgundy alongside
701:provincial militia regiments
640:
381:movement which fought three
366:in Spain's overseas empire.
145:, who retained the title of
7:
1354:Journal of Medieval History
1311:
1191:Royal Coat of arms of Spain
1179:Royal Coat of arms of Spain
1150:Flag and royal standard of
719:Continuing Burgundian and "
682:Chevaux Légers Bourguignons
452:
229:
10:
1994:
1057:
991:representing the cross of
846:
327:, Philip became the first
203:
184:nationalist symbol by the
1963:National symbols of Spain
1909:
1831:
1783:
1760:
1660:
1639:
1439:Spanish Air Force Website
1399:*Álvarez Abeilhé, Juan. L
1323:Burgundy (disambiguation)
1035:Fort San Felipe del Morro
741:
739:The new (2015) region of
651:
417:led by Francisco Franco.
513:Confederate "rebel flag"
139:Burgundian Low Countries
1570:Partido Tradicionalista
966:of left-wing candidate
743:Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
621:except the ones in the
1248:(1843–1868, 1874–1931)
1237:
1228:
1219:
1210:
1182:Common Version of the
1096:Morados Viejos Tercios
1051:St. Augustine, Florida
1043:Castillo de San Marcos
1025:
948:right-wing nationalist
886:
814:Military William Order
721:
710:
681:
676:Gendarmes Bourguignons
675:
669:
663:
609:
494:The third co-official
437:
312:
226:
141:were inherited by the
83:
75:
67:
59:
46:
38:
26:
1518:Historia de la Armada
1426:July 7, 2007, at the
1286:Coat of arms of Spain
1274:Coat of arms of Spain
1259:Coat of arms of Spain
1244:Coat of arms of Spain
1236:
1227:
1218:
1209:
1039:San Juan, Puerto Rico
1002:
856:
646:A French army colour
600:
428:
302:
221:Struck under Emperor
211:
24:
1328:Saint Patrick's Flag
974:In the United States
907:las aspas de Borgoña
800:Belgian naval ensign
759:Austrian Netherlands
619:Spanish Armed Forces
591:during the reign of
387:Isabella II of Spain
254:language, it may be
118:and their subjects.
94:) is a saw-toothed (
1978:Red and white flags
1902:Valencian Community
1883:Community of Madrid
1808:Community of Madrid
1752:Valencian Community
1732:Community of Madrid
987:each include a red
903:Bandera de Ultramar
821:Seventeen Provinces
706:Franco-Prussian War
606:Eurofighter Typhoon
317:Philip the Handsome
295:Habsburgs and Spain
1917:Cantabrian labarum
1707:Castilla–La Mancha
1592:Flags of the World
1540:Americas Quarterly
1444:2007-09-30 at the
1303:King Juan Carlos I
1238:
1229:
1220:
1211:
1031:Fort San Cristóbal
1026:
887:
807:In the Netherlands
610:
574:Basque Nationalist
508:Reichskriegsflagge
502:regime (1939–1975)
438:
383:wars of succession
356:Royal Coat of Arms
344:Philip II of Spain
313:
244:Andrew the Apostle
227:
133:as an effectively
84:Bourgondisch kruis
39:Croix de Bourgogne
27:
1935:
1934:
1927:Cross of Burgundy
1867:Castile–La Mancha
1762:Autonomous cities
1309:
1308:
1305:
1282:
1270:
1255:
1200:
1199:
1137:
1041:, as well as the
1015:Stars and Stripes
1006:La Monoestrellada
603:Spanish Air Force
555:Castile-La Mancha
489:Spanish Civil War
433:, firesteel, and
407:Spanish Civil War
403:First Carlist War
325:Joanna of Castile
281:John the Fearless
147:Dukes of Burgundy
135:independent state
123:Dukes of Burgundy
68:Croce di Borgogna
31:Cross of Burgundy
25:Cross of Burgundy
1985:
1968:Culture of Spain
1958:Historical flags
1888:Region of Murcia
1870:Castile and León
1852:Balearic Islands
1813:Region of Murcia
1798:Balearic Islands
1737:Region of Murcia
1712:Castile and León
1687:Balearic Islands
1626:
1619:
1612:
1603:
1602:
1579:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1454:
1448:
1436:
1430:
1418:
1412:
1397:
1378:
1377:
1349:
1318:History of Spain
1300:
1280:
1265:
1250:
1202:
1201:
1184:Standard Colours
1173:
1166:
1159:
1158:
1147:
1135:
1119:
1107:
1088:
1073:Quito Revolution
1068:
926:Flag of Valdivia
746:
745:
724:
713:
684:
678:
672:
666:
656:
655:
589:Spanish monarchy
578:Basque Alpinists
472:
469:
411:Manuel Fal Condé
348:House of Bourbon
333:Mary of Burgundy
303:Coat of arms of
236:Duke of Burgundy
190:Francisco Franco
116:Duke of Burgundy
92:Cruz de Borgonha
76:Creu de Borgonya
54:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1905:
1827:
1779:
1756:
1663:
1656:
1635:
1630:
1588:
1583:
1582:
1563:
1559:
1550:
1548:
1531:
1527:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1475:
1455:
1451:
1446:Wayback Machine
1437:
1433:
1428:Wayback Machine
1419:
1415:
1398:
1381:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1314:
1299:
1297:
1288:
1279:
1277:
1264:
1262:
1249:
1247:
1195:
1193:
1186:
1181:
1155:
1148:
1139:
1132:Francoist Spain
1120:
1111:
1108:
1099:
1089:
1080:
1069:
1060:
976:
913:In present-day
851:
845:
809:
754:
708:, the militia "
643:
487:Flag, from the
470:
455:
423:
297:
289:Earl of Douglas
232:
220:
206:
169:territories in
161:throughout the
50:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1991:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1953:Flags of Spain
1950:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1860:
1859:Canary Islands
1857:
1856:Basque Country
1854:
1849:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1833:Municipalities
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1789:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1766:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1697:Canary Islands
1694:
1692:Basque Country
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1668:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1652:Royal Standard
1649:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1633:Flags of Spain
1629:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1587:
1586:External links
1584:
1581:
1580:
1557:
1525:
1507:
1488:
1473:
1467:, p. 39,
1449:
1431:
1413:
1379:
1360:(3): 250–274.
1343:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1290:Royal Standard
1283:
1271:
1256:
1240:
1239:
1230:
1221:
1212:
1198:
1197:
1188:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1157:
1156:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1121:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1102:
1100:
1090:
1083:
1081:
1070:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:
997:
996:
975:
972:
971:
970:
968:Pedro Castillo
944:
933:
922:
879:Peninsular War
844:
841:
840:
839:
836:Spanish Empire
828:
825:Spanish Empire
817:
808:
805:
804:
803:
796:
789:
786:Ostend Company
782:
773:Walloon Legion
762:
753:
750:
749:
748:
737:
730:
717:
716:
715:
711:gardes mobiles
702:
642:
639:
638:
637:
626:
611:
581:
570:
515:
503:
492:
481:
474:
454:
451:
447:Spanish Empire
442:Spanish Empire
422:
419:
375:traditionalist
296:
293:
273:Pedro de Ayala
231:
228:
205:
202:
194:Walloon Legion
159:Spanish Empire
98:) form of the
60:Burgunderkreuz
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1990:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1973:Saltire flags
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1627:
1622:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1561:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1529:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1511:
1504:
1500:
1499:
1492:
1485:
1483:
1476:
1474:9789686194654
1470:
1466:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1447:
1443:
1440:
1435:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1417:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1304:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1141:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1113:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1095:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1067:
1062:
1061:
1052:
1048:
1047:Fort Matanzas
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1019:United States
1016:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1001:
994:
990:
986:
982:
979:The flags of
978:
977:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
942:
938:
934:
931:
927:
923:
920:
916:
912:
911:
910:
908:
904:
900:
896:
895:Viceroyalties
892:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
855:
850:
837:
833:
829:
826:
822:
818:
815:
811:
810:
801:
797:
794:
793:Philippeville
790:
787:
783:
780:
779:
774:
770:
767:
763:
760:
756:
755:
744:
738:
735:
734:Villers-Buzon
731:
728:
723:
718:
712:
707:
703:
700:
696:
692:
688:
683:
677:
671:
670:Royal-Comtois
665:
660:
654:
653:Franche-Comté
648:
647:
645:
644:
635:
631:
627:
624:
620:
616:
612:
607:
604:
599:
594:
593:Juan Carlos I
590:
586:
582:
579:
575:
571:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
514:
510:
509:
504:
501:
497:
496:Flag of Spain
493:
490:
486:
482:
479:
475:
465:
461:
457:
456:
450:
448:
443:
436:
435:Golden Fleece
432:
427:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
399:Ferdinand VII
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
310:
306:
305:Juan Carlos I
301:
292:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
268:
264:
260:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
224:
218:
214:
210:
201:
199:
196:fighting for
195:
191:
188:in favour of
187:
183:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
131:Low Countries
128:
124:
119:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
23:
16:
1926:
1574:crwflags.com
1569:
1565:
1560:
1549:. Retrieved
1538:
1528:
1519:
1516:
1510:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1480:
1478:
1459:
1452:
1434:
1416:
1411:. PP. 37–69.
1400:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1196:(1761–1843)
1187:(1700–1761)
1092:
1071:Flag of the
1004:
964:the election
906:
902:
888:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
798:The current
776:
704:In the 1870
630:Spanish Army
613:The current
585:coat of arms
506:
483:The Spanish
478:privateering
439:
415:Nationalists
368:
337:
314:
271:
265:(or raguly)
262:
261:, a saltire
233:
198:Nazi Germany
179:
120:
108:patron saint
104:Saint Andrew
91:
30:
28:
15:
1876:Extremadura
1722:Extremadura
1664:communities
1597:GeorgiaInfo
1333:Vexillology
1298:(1974–2014)
1294:Royal Guard
1278:(1874–1931)
1268:King Amadeo
1263:(1871/1873)
1011:Puerto Rico
889:During the
881:and in the
727:regionalism
559:Las Labores
498:during the
471: 1511
285:Earl of Mar
192:and by the
173:and in the
1942:Categories
1662:Autonomous
1551:2021-12-08
1339:References
993:St. Andrew
962:following
956:Monarchist
952:Hispansita
919:Chuquisaca
847:See also:
685:" and the
379:legitimist
321:Burgundian
88:Portuguese
1873:Catalonia
1863:Cantabria
1840:Andalusia
1803:Cantabria
1785:Provinces
1717:Catalonia
1702:Cantabria
1672:Andalusia
1577:google.es
1409:0482-5748
1374:159513907
1301:Reign of
1266:Reign of
1152:New Spain
899:New World
875:Batallona
867:Batallona
863:Ordenanza
778:Waffen-SS
664:Bourgogne
641:In France
615:fin flash
563:Catalonia
551:Bujalance
547:Andalusia
533:, etc.),
525:, etc.),
519:Guipúzcoa
500:Francoist
401:. In the
395:Salic Law
352:supporter
340:Charles V
309:supporter
223:Charles V
182:far-right
167:Aragonese
163:Castilian
143:Habsburgs
52:‹See Tfd›
1922:Estelada
1898:La Rioja
1847:Asturias
1823:La Rioja
1793:Asturias
1747:La Rioja
1682:Asturias
1640:National
1566:Requetés
1545:Archived
1442:Archived
1424:Archived
1312:See also
1292:and the
1253:quarters
1128:Requetés
1013:and the
930:Valdivia
871:Coronela
859:Coronela
659:Burgundy
567:Creixell
460:Biscayan
453:In Spain
385:against
371:Carlists
360:Philip V
329:Habsburg
277:Scottish
256:blazoned
252:heraldic
230:Burgundy
219:, 1545.
186:Carlists
175:Americas
129:and the
112:Burgundy
1948:Carlism
1910:Related
1893:Navarre
1879:Galicia
1818:Navarre
1775:Melilla
1742:Navarre
1727:Galicia
1296:Colours
1130:during
1124:Carlism
1094:Tercios
1077:Ecuador
1058:Gallery
1017:of the
989:saltire
985:Florida
981:Alabama
915:Bolivia
897:of the
832:Eijsden
827:as well
769:Walloon
722:Comtois
679:" and "
667:" and "
587:of the
531:Tafalla
527:Navarre
523:Anzuola
485:Carlist
354:to the
263:ragulée
248:saltire
204:History
151:dynasty
72:Catalan
64:Italian
43:Spanish
1843:Aragon
1677:Aragon
1498:Escudo
1479:(...)
1471:
1407:
1372:
941:Osorno
865:" or "
766:Rexist
699:Salins
695:Vesoul
561:) and
539:Huesca
535:Aragón
473:–1830)
464:Bilbao
391:Carlos
364:in use
259:argent
171:Europe
127:France
106:, the
96:raguly
56:German
35:French
1770:Ceuta
1647:Spain
1370:S2CID
937:Talca
764:As a
691:Autun
687:Dijon
543:Lidón
431:crown
267:gules
217:Lille
213:Jeton
155:Spain
100:Cross
80:Dutch
1482:1821
1469:ISBN
1405:ISSN
1126:and
1045:and
1033:and
983:and
960:Peru
939:and
924:The
873:and
812:The
757:The
697:and
623:Navy
541:and
511:and
480:flag
373:, a
287:and
165:and
29:The
1362:doi
1134:. (
1049:in
1037:in
1021:on
1009:of
661:: "
657:of
553:),
545:),
466:) (
335:.
319:'s
110:of
102:of
1944::
1543:.
1537:.
1477:,
1463:,
1382:^
1368:.
1358:33
1356:.
954:,
950:,
725:"
693:,
689:,
572:A
569:).
468:c.
458:A
269:.
200:.
90::
86:;
82::
78:;
74::
70:;
66::
62:;
58::
49:;
45::
41:;
37::
1625:e
1618:t
1611:v
1554:.
1376:.
1364::
1154:.
1138:)
1053:.
943:.
921:.
901:(
885:.
838:.
608:.
595:.
565:(
557:(
549:(
537:(
529:(
521:(
377:-
311:.
33:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.svg)