439:
467:
498:
529:
438:
319:
350:
53:
466:
497:
580:), involves a greater number of joints than psoriatic arthritis, and affect them symmetrically. Involvement of the spinal joints is more suggestive of psoriatic arthritis than rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis shares certain clinical features with psoriatic arthritis such as its tendency to affect multiple distal joints in an asymmetric pattern. Unlike psoriatic arthritis, osteoarthritis does not typically involve
528:
969:
Psoriatic arthritis can develop in people who have any level severity of psoriatic skin disease, ranging from mild to very severe. Studies have found that obesity is a significant risk factor and predictor of disease outcome. Other risk factors associated with an increase risk of developing psoriatic
804:
are used in persistent symptomatic cases without exacerbation. Rather than just reducing pain and inflammation, this class of drugs helps slow down or halt the progression of the disease, and to therefore limit the amount of joint damage that occurs. Most DMARDs act slowly and may take weeks or even
368:
is seen at the tendon insertion (short thin arrow). (b, c) T1 weighted images of a different section of the same patient, before (panel b) and after (panel c) intravenous contrast injection, confirm inflammation (large arrow) at the enthesis and reveal bone erosion at tendon insertion (short thin
217:
Along with the above-noted pain and inflammation, there is extreme exhaustion that does not go away with adequate rest. The exhaustion may last for days or weeks without abatement. Psoriatic arthritis may remain mild or may progress to more destructive joint disease. Periods of active disease, or
2052:
1445:
337:(inflammation of the synovial membrane; large arrows). There is joint space narrowing with bone proliferation at the third proximal interphalangeal joint and erosions are present at the fourth distal interphalangeal joint (white circle). Extracapsular enhancement (small arrows) is seen
277:
genes. Thematically, these genes are often those that identify human tissues as normal and healthy, or the genes in immune cells designed to recognize those identifiers. If the genes are functioning abnormally, then the immune system has a higher risk of attacking normal tissues.
176:, and the wrist. Involvement of the distal interphalangeal joints is a characteristic feature present in many cases. Nail pitting often accompanies distal interphalangeal joint involvement and may be essential in differentiating psoriatic arthritis from other diseases.
237:
disease, with many genes known or theorized to contribute to its clinical presentation (or lack thereof). When someone with the genes for psoriatic arthritis comes into contact with certain substances, these substances may induce an autoimmune reaction, causing the
673:
technology. Biologic medications are derived from living cells cultured in a laboratory. Unlike traditional DMARDS that affect the entire immune system, biologics target specific parts of the immune system. They are given by injection or intravenous (IV) infusion.
614:): Affects less than 5% of patients and is a severe, deforming and destructive arthritis. This condition can progress over months or years causing severe joint damage. Arthritis mutilans has also been called chronic absorptive arthritis, and may be seen in
538:. Shown are T1-weighted semi-coronal magnetic resonance images through the sacroiliac joints (a) before and (b) after intravenous contrast injection. Enhancement is seen at the right sacroiliac joint (arrow, left side of the image), indicating active
168:, defined as inflammation affecting two to four joints during the first six months of disease, is present in 70% of cases. However, in 15% of cases, the arthritis is symmetrical. The joints of the hand that is involved in psoriasis are the
980:
More than 80% of patients with psoriatic arthritis will have psoriatic nail lesions characterized by nail pitting, separation of the nail from the underlying nail bed, ridging and cracking, or more extremely, loss of the nail itself
768:, are associated with a statistically significant 50 to 66% relative risk reduction in gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding complications compared to traditional NSAIDs, but carry an increased rate of cardiovascular events such as
977:. For the majority of people, this is between the ages of 30 and 55, but the disease can also affect children. The onset of psoriatic arthritis symptoms before symptoms of skin psoriasis is more common in children than adults.
242:
to target normal tissues in the body. The exact strength, location, and clinical effects of this reaction depend on which genes are involved for each individual. The substance that triggers the reaction is typically not known.
852:
It is given in tablet form and taken by mouth. Side effects include headaches, back pain, nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, nasopharyngitis and upper respiratory tract infections, as well as depression and weight loss.
3072:
3049:
636:): This type of psoriatic arthritis is found in about 5% of patients, and is characterized by inflammation and stiffness in the joints nearest to the ends of the fingers and toes. Nail changes are often marked.
163:
Pain, swelling, or stiffness in one or more joints is commonly present in psoriatic arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis is inflammatory, and affected joints are generally red or warm to the touch. Asymmetrical
313:
600:
Oligoarticular: This type affects around 70% of patients and is generally mild. This type does not occur in the same joints on both sides of the body and usually only involves fewer than 3 joints.
191:
under the nails, and horizontal ridging. Psoriasis classically presents with scaly skin lesions, which are most commonly seen over extensor surfaces such as the scalp, natal cleft and umbilicus.
179:
In addition to affecting the joints of the hands and wrists, psoriatic arthritis may affect the fingers, nails, and skin. Sausage-like swelling in the fingers or toes, known as
724:
Biologics may increase the risk of minor and serious infections. More rarely, they may be associated with nervous system disorders, blood disorders or certain types of cancer.
2752:
285:
are theorized to be involved in patients with psoriatic arthritis, in contrast to most people with psoriasis whose bone cells are not significantly involved in the disease.
140:
Psoriatic arthritis affects up to 30% of people with psoriasis and occurs in both children and adults. Approximately 40–50% of individuals with psoriatic arthritis have the
120:
plaques) frequently occur before the onset of psoriatic arthritis but psoriatic arthritis can precede the rash in 15% of affected individuals. It is classified as a type of
1746:"Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomised trials"
1486:
Singh JA, Guyatt G, Ogdie A, Gladman DD, Deal C, Deodhar A, Dubreuil M, Dunham J, Husni ME, Kenny S, Kwan-Morley J, Lin J, Marchetta P, Mease PJ, Merola JF (Jan 2019).
2866:
381:(a physician specializing in autoimmune diseases) may use physical examinations, health history, blood tests and x-rays to accurately diagnose psoriatic arthritis.
603:
Polyarticular: This type accounts for around 25% of cases, and affects five or more joints on both sides of the body simultaneously. This type is most similar to
1611:"Nonsteroid drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis"
966:
on the skin, 15 percent develop skin psoriasis and arthritis at the same time, and 15 percent develop skin psoriasis following the onset of psoriatic arthritis.
2630:
456:(long thin arrow). There is synovitis at the proximal interphalangeal joint (long thick arrow) plus increased signal in the overlying soft tissues indicating
460:(short thick arrow). There is also diffuse bone edema (short thin arrows) involving the head of the proximal phalanx and extending distally down the shaft.
356:
magnetic resonance images of the ankle region in psoriatic arthritis. (a) Short tau inversion recovery (STIR) image, showing high signal intensity at the
2625:
2346:
1861:
2745:
2304:
519:
1400:
Gottlieb A, Korman NJ, Gordon KB, Feldman SR, Lebwohl M, Koo JY, Van
Voorhees AS, Elmets CA, Leonardi CL, Beutner KR, Bhushan R, Menter A (May 2008).
1353:"Benefit of early treatment in inflammatory polyarthritis patients with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies versus those without antibodies"
1974:
2715:
2738:
2443:
373:
There is no definitive test to diagnose psoriatic arthritis. Symptoms of psoriatic arthritis may closely resemble other diseases, including
2954:
1300:
2092:
1543:
805:
months to take full effect. According to a recent
Cochrane review, low dose oral methotrexate was slightly more effective than placebos.
2268:
225:
Because prolonged inflammation can lead to joint damage, early diagnosis and treatment to slow or prevent joint damage is recommended.
970:
arthritis include severe psoriasis, nail psoriasis, scalp psoriasis, inverse psoriasis, and having a first-degree relative with PsA.
809:
drugs can also reduce psoriasis skin symptoms but can lead to liver and kidney problems and an increased risk of serious infection.
2690:
1705:"Use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: an update for clinicians: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association"
2297:
576:-associated arthritis. In contrast to psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis tends to affect the proximal joints (e.g., the
1585:
1276:
1098:
1065:
399:
954:. Surgery is effective for pain alleviation, correcting joint disfigurement, and reinforcing joint usefulness and strength.
776:. Both COX-2 inhibitors and other non-selective NSAIDS have potential adverse effects that include damage to the kidneys.
1488:"2018 American College of Rheumatology/National Psoriasis Foundation Guideline for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis"
2642:
2290:
1441:
1338:
2048:
2882:
2356:
2272:
756:. NSAIDs can irritate the stomach and intestine, and long-term use can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding. Coxibs (
2447:
903:
recently demonstrated a 20% improvement in signs and symptoms of disease at week 12 as compared to placebo in a
218:
flares, will typically alternate with periods of remission. In severe forms, psoriatic arthritis may progress to
2978:
2695:
2685:
2613:
2338:
2330:
830:
169:
333:
at the third and fourth proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints is seen, indicating active
2949:
2096:
893:
826:
666:
183:, may occur. Psoriasis can also cause changes to the nails, such as pitting or separation from the nail bed,
3165:
2680:
2466:
2371:
569:
473:
2915:
1999:
Brosseau L, Robinson V, Wells G, Debie R, Gam A, Harman K, Morin M, Shea B, Tugwell P (19 October 2005).
908:
904:
889:
834:
678:
514:
in psoriatic arthritis. Signs of active inflammation are seen at several levels (arrows). In particular,
946:
in cases where one joint is severely affected. In psoriatic arthritis patients with severe joint damage
2647:
2603:
2561:
2472:
2458:
2366:
577:
573:
322:
2675:
2586:
2417:
2115:"Preventing psoriatic arthritis: focusing on patients with psoriasis at increased risk of transition"
818:
173:
97:
2202:
2079:
1472:
325:
of the fingers in psoriatic arthritis. Shown are T1-weighted (a) pre-contrast and (b) post-contrast
3087:
2905:
2576:
2501:
2277:
1090:
833:, cAMP levels rise, resulting in the down-regulation of various pro-inflammatory factors including
629:
of the spine, but can also affect the hands and feet, in a similar fashion to symmetric arthritis.
416:
Other symptoms that are more typical of psoriatic arthritis than other forms of arthritis include
2581:
2313:
920:
246:
206:, which is present in 40% of cases. Pain can occur in and around the feet and ankles, especially
1921:
1308:
2973:
2900:
2608:
2566:
2476:
2453:
2439:
2402:
2397:
2342:
1668:
Scholer DW, Ku EC, Boettcher I, Schweizer A (April 1986). "Pharmacology of diclofenac sodium".
449:
338:
210:
in the
Achilles tendon (inflammation of the Achilles tendon where it inserts into the bone) or
121:
82:
3116:
3175:
2598:
2571:
2544:
2511:
2189:
2066:
1459:
769:
584:. Psoriatic arthritis sometimes affects only one joint and is sometimes confused for gout or
402:(the joints closest to the tips of the fingers). This is not typical of rheumatoid arthritis.
1082:
491:(large arrow). Synovitis is seen in the fourth proximal interphalangeal joint (small arrow).
2961:
2710:
2549:
2100:
1622:
1036:
1012:
615:
604:
553:
374:
274:
26:
923:
and concluded that it could be considered for relief of pain and stiffness associated RA.
288:
Health and environmental factors known to be associated with psoriatic arthritis include:
8:
3076:
3013:
2966:
2853:
2462:
1083:
503:(a) T1-weighted and (b) short tau inversion recovery (STIR) magnetic resonance images of
124:
96:
with a sausage-like appearance ("sausage digit"). This often happens in association with
2171:
1626:
552:
Several conditions can mimic the clinical presentation of psoriatic arthritis including
3170:
3160:
3008:
2928:
2890:
2522:
2506:
2241:
2150:
2025:
2000:
1898:
1865:
1837:
1794:
1770:
1745:
1520:
1487:
1377:
1352:
1244:
1184:
947:
694:
561:
472:
Magnetic resonance images of the fingers in psoriatic arthritis. Shown are T1 weighted
318:
219:
86:
3138:
3081:
2053:
The Johns
Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center
1922:"Tofacitinib for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is now approved by the European Commission"
1721:
1704:
1446:
The Johns
Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center
2861:
2407:
2387:
2360:
2262:
2233:
2142:
2134:
2030:
1951:
1943:
1903:
1885:
1842:
1824:
1775:
1726:
1685:
1681:
1650:
1645:
1610:
1591:
1581:
1525:
1507:
1423:
1382:
1334:
1282:
1272:
1236:
1231:
1214:
1176:
1094:
1061:
951:
896:
881:
829:
approved for use by the FDA in 2014. By inhibiting PDE4, an enzyme which breaks down
806:
392:
384:
Factors that contribute to a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis include the following:
365:
349:
330:
270:
211:
65:
3127:
2245:
2154:
1248:
1188:
1022:, psoriatic arthritis is more common among Caucasians than African or Asian people.
364:, thick arrow) and in the synovium of the ankle joint (synovitis, long thin arrow).
2838:
2830:
2705:
2700:
2496:
2412:
2225:
2126:
2114:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2001:"Low level laser therapy (Classes I, II and III) for treating rheumatoid arthritis"
1933:
1893:
1881:
1877:
1832:
1814:
1806:
1765:
1757:
1716:
1677:
1640:
1630:
1573:
1515:
1499:
1413:
1372:
1364:
1226:
1168:
888:(Sotyktu), which has been approved for plaque psoriasis, is currently undergoing a
757:
626:
535:
511:
452:
image. Focal increased signal (probable erosion) is seen at the base of the middle
60:
Severe psoriatic arthritis of both feet and ankles. Note the changes to the nails.
22:
1938:
388:
Psoriasis in the patient, or a family history of psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis.
3092:
2811:
2670:
1703:
Antman EM, Bennett JS, Daugherty A, Furberg C, Roberts H, Taubert KA (Mar 2007).
1577:
1330:
996:
939:
885:
670:
421:
357:
249:
has identified several genes involved in some patients, notably genes related to
234:
2933:
1572:. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 764. pp. 151–8.
3003:
2785:
2665:
2352:
1418:
1401:
1031:
992:
943:
892:
clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety on psoriatic arthritis. The
869:
846:
842:
838:
779:
706:
702:
557:
425:
378:
353:
188:
165:
152:
133:
are thought to be strongly involved in the development of psoriatic arthritis.
101:
3066:
3058:
2130:
1975:"TAK-279 Demonstrates Improvements in ACR 20 Response for Psoriatic Arthritis"
1810:
1761:
1286:
962:
Seventy percent of people who develop psoriatic arthritis first show signs of
633:
622:
611:
448:
in psoriatic arthritis (mutilans form). Shown is a T2 weighted fat suppressed
3154:
2790:
2780:
2531:
2431:
2138:
1947:
1889:
1828:
1744:
Kearney PM, Baigent C, Godwin J, Halls H, Emberson JR, Patrono C (Jun 2006).
1511:
801:
654:
488:
484:
453:
341:
to the third and fourth proximal interphalangeal joints, indicating probable
326:
239:
3062:
1635:
1402:"Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis"
973:
Psoriatic arthritis tends to appear about 10 years after the first signs of
314:
List of human leukocyte antigen alleles associated with cutaneous conditions
2998:
2843:
2821:
2282:
2237:
2146:
2034:
1955:
1907:
1846:
1779:
1730:
1654:
1595:
1529:
1427:
1386:
1240:
1180:
950:
may be implemented to correct joint destruction, usually with the use of a
931:
877:
797:
785:
749:
718:
650:
646:
581:
539:
445:
199:
148:
70:
2269:
Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
2229:
1689:
1609:
Warner TD, Giuliano F, Vojnovic I, Bukasa A, Mitchell JA, Vane JR (1999).
1172:
52:
3111:
2761:
2216:
Ritchlin CT, Colbert RA, Gladman DD (2017-03-08). "Psoriatic
Arthritis".
1351:
Farragher TM, Lunt M, Plant D, Bunn DK, Barton A, Symmons DP (May 2010).
1159:
Ritchlin CT, Colbert RA, Gladman DD (March 2017). "Psoriatic
Arthritis".
1080:
1055:
1004:
982:
927:
873:
793:
789:
714:
710:
406:
250:
203:
184:
105:
2278:
US National
Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
3133:
3018:
2806:
2488:
1008:
988:
822:
765:
745:
732:
Typically the medications first prescribed for psoriatic arthritis are
698:
686:
682:
585:
477:
429:
417:
361:
342:
282:
207:
180:
93:
3041:
1819:
1503:
1368:
1266:
3122:
2775:
2730:
2321:
2175:
1019:
974:
963:
935:
880:(Rinvoq) are approved for the use in active psoriatic arthritis. The
761:
737:
690:
334:
109:
89:
991:
is observed in 30 to 50% of patients and most commonly involves the
753:
741:
515:
508:
262:
144:
130:
117:
113:
46:
Arthritis psoriatica, arthropathic psoriasis, psoriatic arthropathy
2166:
2164:
860:. There is no current generic equivalent available on the market.
137:
and certain forms of psoriasis are thought to increase the risk.
1000:
900:
857:
649:; therefore, treatments are directed at reducing and controlling
298:
266:
258:
141:
134:
657:-type biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD).
3053:
2161:
1568:
Isaacs D (2013). "Infectious Risks
Associated with Biologics".
911:
clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TAK-279.
773:
504:
481:
254:
195:
821:
treatment option for the management of psoriatic arthritis is
625:): This type is characterized by stiffness of the neck or the
409:), which is associated with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
303:
Tissue trauma, or deep lesions associated with sites of trauma
1702:
1544:"Secukinumab Has Superior Persistence in Psoriatic Arthritis"
1212:
733:
457:
1608:
780:
Conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
487:
at the second finger with enhancement and thickening of the
2872:
1859:
1667:
1399:
1018:
Men and women are equally affected by this condition. Like
845:, as well as the up-regulation of anti-inflammatory factor
565:
412:
Radiologic images demonstrating degenerative joint changes.
1998:
1213:
Amherd-Hoekstra A, Näher H, Lorenz HM, Enk AH (May 2010).
653:. The first-line initial treatment for most patients is a
194:
In psoriatic arthritis, pain can occur in the area of the
2923:
1743:
1060:(6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 427–436.
476:(a) pre-contrast and (b) post-contrast images exhibiting
2112:
2113:
Scher JU, Ogdie A, Merola JF, Ritchlin C (March 2019).
1485:
727:
518:
spondylitis is seen at level L1/L2 and an inflammatory
2215:
1350:
1158:
1081:
James, William, Berger, Timothy, Elston, Dirk (2005).
395:, a blood factor associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
21:"PsA" redirects here. For the star constellation, see
198:(the lower back, above the tailbone), as a result of
3031:
1056:
Freedberg, Irwin M., Fitzpatrick, Thomas B. (2003).
2347:(von Zumbusch) acute generalized pustular psoriasis
1570:
Hot Topics in
Infection and Immunity in Children IX
1085:
Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology
222:which on X-ray gives a "pencil-in-cup" appearance.
596:There are five main types of psoriatic arthritis:
1792:
1333:, Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier, p. 1096, 2010.
812:
677:Biologics prescribed for psoriatic arthritis are
645:The underlying process in psoriatic arthritis is
100:such as small depressions in the nail (pitting),
3152:
1795:"Interventions for treating psoriatic arthritis"
919:A review found tentative evidence of benefit of
907:clinical trial. Takeda also plans to initiate a
432:(sausage-like swelling of the fingers or toes).
269:. Other genes relating to the immune system and
92:. The classic feature of psoriatic arthritis is
2716:Lichenoid reaction of graft-versus-host disease
1264:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1130:
405:Ridging or pitting of fingernails or toenails (
1406:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
1331:Davidson's principles and practice of medicine
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
669:) are a class of therapeutics developed using
2746:
2444:Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta
2298:
1058:Fitzpatrick's dermatology in general medicine
2955:Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis
2312:
1602:
1323:
1268:Quick medical diagnosis & treatment 2023
1219:Journal of the German Society of Dermatology
856:It was patented in 2014 and manufactured by
607:and is disabling in around 50% of all cases.
147:. The condition is less common in people of
2005:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1661:
1344:
1195:
1107:
155:descent and affects men and women equally.
2753:
2739:
2305:
2291:
1793:Jones G, Crotty M, Brooks P (2000-07-24).
51:
2024:
1937:
1897:
1836:
1818:
1769:
1720:
1644:
1634:
1519:
1417:
1376:
1230:
547:
2691:Idiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation
348:
317:
292:Current, or history of, severe psoriasis
1870:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1799:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
106:detachment of the nail from the nailbed
3153:
2760:
1866:"Methotrexate for psoriatic arthritis"
1567:
1265:Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ, eds. (2023).
1074:
744:, followed by more potent NSAIDs like
522:at the upper vertebral endplate of L3.
233:Psoriatic arthritis is an inheritable
85:that occurs in people affected by the
2734:
2286:
2095:, Be Joint Smart (a coalition of the
1969:
1967:
1965:
400:interphalangeal articulations of hand
345:(inflammation of a tendon insertion).
158:
1260:
1258:
1049:
934:) are used for severe skin lesions.
728:Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
660:
632:Distal interphalangeal predominant (
582:inflammation of the sacroiliac joint
1860:Wilsdon TD, Whittle SL, Thynne TR,
1737:
1696:
1089:(10th ed.). Saunders. p.
999:, but it may cause pain around the
914:
94:swelling of entire fingers and toes
13:
2643:Hepatitis-associated lichen planus
2106:
1962:
172:, the distal interphalangeal, the
14:
3187:
2256:
1722:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.181424
1255:
930:and long-wave ultraviolet light (
863:
591:
424:(at the back of the heel) or the
398:Arthritis symptoms in the distal
2357:Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris
2273:National Guideline Clearinghouse
1232:10.1111/j.1610-0387.2009.07334.x
527:
496:
465:
444:Magnetic resonance image of the
437:
16:Long-term inflammatory arthritis
2448:Pityriasis lichenoides chronica
2218:New England Journal of Medicine
2209:
2086:
2041:
1992:
1914:
1853:
1786:
1561:
1536:
1479:
1434:
1215:"Psoriatic arthritis: a review"
1161:New England Journal of Medicine
957:
295:Disease of the finger/toe nails
108:. Skin changes consistent with
2696:Keratosis lichenoides chronica
2686:Erythema dyschromicum perstans
2339:Generalized pustular psoriasis
2017:10.1002/14651858.CD002049.pub2
1882:10.1002/14651858.cd012722.pub2
1393:
1293:
831:cyclic adenosine monophosphate
813:Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors
273:may also be involved, such as
1:
2950:Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
2097:National Psoriasis Foundation
1492:Arthritis Care & Research
1042:
827:phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor
784:Oral small molecules such as
667:biological response modifiers
640:
534:Magnetic resonance images of
2467:Xanthoerythrodermia perstans
2372:Localized pustular psoriasis
1682:10.1016/0002-9343(86)90077-X
1578:10.1007/978-1-4614-4726-9_12
570:systemic lupus erythematosus
307:
7:
2979:Adult-onset Still's disease
2916:Connective tissue disorders
2119:Nature Reviews Rheumatology
1939:10.1093/rheumatology/key333
1025:
428:(bottom of the feet)), and
391:A negative test result for
329:images. Enhancement of the
10:
3192:
2648:Lichen planus pemphigoides
2473:Large plaque parapsoriasis
2459:Small plaque parapsoriasis
2367:Annular pustular psoriasis
1419:10.1016/j.jaad.2008.02.040
772:(MI) or heart attack, and
717:, and the IL-23 inhibitor
578:metacarpophalangeal joints
574:inflammatory bowel disease
311:
20:
3102:
3035:
2991:
2942:
2914:
2881:
2852:
2829:
2820:
2799:
2768:
2676:Lichen ruber moniliformis
2658:
2530:
2520:
2486:
2430:
2418:Seborrheic-like psoriasis
2380:
2329:
2320:
2131:10.1038/s41584-019-0175-0
1811:10.1002/14651858.cd000212
1762:10.1136/bmj.332.7553.1302
1271:. McGraw-Hill Education.
323:Magnetic resonance images
228:
214:in the sole of the foot.
174:metacarpophalangeal joint
64:
59:
50:
42:
37:
2906:Enteropathic arthropathy
2681:Gianotti–Crosti syndrome
2631:with lupus erythematosis
2502:Pityriasis rubra pilaris
2314:Papulosquamous disorders
1615:Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
170:proximal interphalangeal
2103:). Accessed 2016-11-12.
1636:10.1073/pnas.96.13.7563
926:Photochemotherapy with
921:low level laser therapy
713:, the IL-17A inhibitor
665:Biologics (also called
102:thickening of the nails
2974:Palindromic rheumatism
2901:Ankylosing spondylitis
2844:Tuberculosis arthritis
2477:Retiform parapsoriasis
2454:Lymphomatoid papulosis
2440:Pityriasis lichenoides
2403:Drug-induced psoriasis
2398:Psoriatic erythroderma
2343:Impetigo herpetiformis
2197:Cite journal requires
2074:Cite journal requires
1467:Cite journal requires
1341:. Accessed 2016-11-12.
681:inhibitors, including
548:Differential diagnosis
370:
346:
83:inflammatory arthritis
25:. For other uses, see
2626:with lichen sclerosus
2512:Pityriasis amiantacea
2230:10.1056/nejmra1505557
2172:"Psoriatic Arthritis"
2049:"Psoriatic Arthritis"
1932:(1): e2. 2019-01-01.
1442:"Psoriatic Arthritis"
1301:"Psoriatic Arthritis"
1173:10.1056/NEJMra1505557
770:myocardial infarction
420:(inflammation in the
352:
321:
81:(PsA) is a long-term
2962:Rheumatoid arthritis
2711:Lichenoid dermatitis
2101:Arthritis Foundation
1037:Rheumatoid arthritis
616:rheumatoid arthritis
610:Arthritis mutilans (
605:rheumatoid arthritis
554:rheumatoid arthritis
375:rheumatoid arthritis
275:interleukin receptor
98:changes to the nails
27:PSA (disambiguation)
3166:Autoimmune diseases
3139:Psoriatic arthritis
2896:Psoriatic arthritis
2463:Digitate dermatosis
2393:Psoriatic arthritis
2263:Psoriatic Arthritis
1627:1999PNAS...96.7563W
1329:Davidson, Stanley,
825:, a small molecule
621:Spondyloarthritis (
588:when this happens.
281:Bone cells such as
125:spondyloarthropathy
79:Psoriatic arthritis
38:Psoriatic arthritis
3103:External resources
2929:systemic sclerosis
2891:Reactive arthritis
2762:Diseases of joints
2507:Pityriasis rotunda
1311:on 27 January 2016
948:orthopedic surgery
695:certolizumab pegol
562:reactive arthritis
371:
347:
220:arthritis mutilans
159:Signs and symptoms
87:autoimmune disease
3148:
3147:
3029:
3028:
2987:
2986:
2862:Chondrocalcinosis
2728:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2426:
2425:
2408:Inverse psoriasis
2388:Guttate psoriasis
2361:Pustular bacterid
1587:978-1-4614-4725-2
1550:. 5 December 2020
1504:10.1002/acr.23789
1369:10.1002/acr.20207
1278:978-1-264-91671-9
1100:978-0-7216-2921-6
1067:978-0-07-138076-8
952:joint replacement
807:Immunosuppressant
701:, as well as the
661:Biological DMARDs
536:sacroiliac joints
393:rheumatoid factor
366:Bone marrow edema
331:synovial membrane
271:central tolerance
212:plantar fasciitis
76:
75:
32:Medical condition
3183:
3033:
3032:
3014:Bouchard's nodes
2967:Felty's syndrome
2839:Septic arthritis
2827:
2826:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2732:
2731:
2706:Lichen sclerosus
2701:Kraurosis vulvae
2621:overlap synromes
2528:
2527:
2497:Pityriasis rosea
2413:Napkin psoriasis
2327:
2326:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2284:
2283:
2250:
2249:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2168:
2159:
2158:
2110:
2104:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2077:
2072:
2070:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2028:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1971:
1960:
1959:
1941:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1901:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1840:
1822:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1773:
1756:(7553): 1302–8.
1741:
1735:
1734:
1724:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1648:
1638:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1523:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1421:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1380:
1348:
1342:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1307:. Archived from
1305:Arthritis Action
1297:
1291:
1290:
1262:
1253:
1252:
1234:
1210:
1193:
1192:
1156:
1105:
1104:
1088:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1053:
997:Achilles’ tendon
940:joint injections
915:Other treatments
758:COX-2 inhibitors
627:sacroiliac joint
531:
520:Andersson lesion
500:
469:
441:
247:Genomic analysis
55:
35:
34:
23:Piscis Austrinus
3191:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3143:
3098:
3097:
3044:
3030:
3025:
3009:Heberden's node
2992:Noninflammatory
2983:
2938:
2910:
2877:
2848:
2816:
2812:Joint stiffness
2795:
2764:
2759:
2729:
2720:
2671:Lichen striatus
2654:
2516:
2482:
2422:
2376:
2316:
2311:
2265:at Patient.info
2259:
2254:
2253:
2224:(10): 957–970.
2214:
2210:
2198:
2196:
2187:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2170:
2169:
2162:
2111:
2107:
2091:
2087:
2075:
2073:
2064:
2063:
2057:
2055:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2011:(4): CD002049.
1997:
1993:
1984:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1963:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1876:(1): CD012722.
1858:
1854:
1805:(3): CD000212.
1791:
1787:
1742:
1738:
1715:(12): 1634–42.
1701:
1697:
1666:
1662:
1607:
1603:
1588:
1566:
1562:
1553:
1551:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1484:
1480:
1468:
1466:
1457:
1456:
1450:
1448:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1398:
1394:
1357:Ann. Rheum. Dis
1349:
1345:
1328:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1279:
1263:
1256:
1211:
1196:
1157:
1108:
1101:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1028:
960:
944:corticosteroids
917:
886:deucravacitinib
866:
815:
782:
730:
671:recombinant DNA
663:
643:
594:
566:gouty arthritis
550:
543:
532:
523:
501:
492:
470:
461:
442:
422:Achilles tendon
358:Achilles tendon
316:
310:
231:
161:
33:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3189:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3146:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3130:
3119:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3084:
3069:
3045:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3036:Classification
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3004:Osteoarthritis
3001:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2920:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2887:
2885:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2864:
2858:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2835:
2833:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2786:Oligoarthritis
2783:
2778:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2758:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2735:
2726:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2666:Lichen nitidus
2662:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2536:
2534:
2525:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2493:
2491:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2470:
2456:
2451:
2436:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2353:Acropustulosis
2350:
2335:
2333:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2310:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2275:
2266:
2258:
2257:External links
2255:
2252:
2251:
2208:
2199:|journal=
2160:
2125:(3): 153–166.
2105:
2085:
2076:|journal=
2040:
1991:
1979:Pharmacy Times
1961:
1913:
1864:(2019-01-18).
1852:
1785:
1736:
1695:
1660:
1621:(13): 7563–8.
1601:
1586:
1560:
1535:
1478:
1469:|journal=
1433:
1412:(5): 851–864.
1392:
1343:
1322:
1292:
1277:
1254:
1194:
1167:(10): 957–70.
1106:
1099:
1073:
1066:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1032:Osteoarthritis
1027:
1024:
993:plantar fascia
959:
956:
916:
913:
876:(Xeljanz) and
865:
864:JAK inhibitors
862:
847:interleukin 10
843:interleukin 23
839:interleukin 17
819:first-in-class
814:
811:
781:
778:
729:
726:
662:
659:
642:
639:
638:
637:
630:
619:
608:
601:
593:
592:Classification
590:
558:osteoarthritis
549:
546:
545:
544:
533:
526:
524:
502:
495:
493:
471:
464:
462:
443:
436:
426:plantar fascia
414:
413:
410:
403:
396:
389:
379:rheumatologist
309:
306:
305:
304:
301:
296:
293:
230:
227:
189:hyperkeratosis
166:oligoarthritis
160:
157:
74:
73:
68:
62:
61:
57:
56:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3188:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3046:
3043:
3038:
3034:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2990:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2917:
2913:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2791:Polyarthritis
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2781:Monoarthritis
2779:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2756:
2751:
2749:
2744:
2742:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2540:configuration
2538:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2532:Lichen planus
2529:
2526:
2524:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2432:Parapsoriasis
2429:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2308:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2212:
2204:
2191:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2093:Who's At Risk
2089:
2081:
2068:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1995:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1856:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1732:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1699:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1664:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1605:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1564:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1482:
1474:
1461:
1447:
1443:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1396:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1363:(5): 664–75.
1362:
1358:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1339:9780702030857
1336:
1332:
1326:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1261:
1259:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1102:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1077:
1069:
1063:
1059:
1052:
1048:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1023:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1013:supraspinatus
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
984:
978:
976:
971:
967:
965:
955:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
924:
922:
912:
910:
906:
902:
898:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
861:
859:
854:
850:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
810:
808:
803:
802:sulfasalazine
799:
795:
791:
787:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
725:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
675:
672:
668:
658:
656:
655:TNF inhibitor
652:
648:
635:
631:
628:
624:
620:
617:
613:
609:
606:
602:
599:
598:
597:
589:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
541:
537:
530:
525:
521:
517:
513:
510:
506:
499:
494:
490:
489:tendon sheath
486:
485:tenosynovitis
483:
479:
475:
468:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
440:
435:
434:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
411:
408:
404:
401:
397:
394:
390:
387:
386:
385:
382:
380:
376:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
315:
302:
300:
297:
294:
291:
290:
289:
286:
284:
279:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
241:
240:immune system
236:
226:
223:
221:
215:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
192:
190:
186:
182:
177:
175:
171:
167:
156:
154:
150:
146:
143:
138:
136:
132:
128:
126:
123:
119:
116:, scaly, and
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
88:
84:
80:
72:
69:
67:
63:
58:
54:
49:
45:
41:
36:
28:
24:
19:
3176:Rheumatology
3132:
3121:
3110:
3086:
3071:
3048:
2999:Hemarthrosis
2895:
2883:Seronegative
2869:(Pseudogout)
2822:Inflammatory
2637:
2620:
2614:Vulvovaginal
2609:Peno-ginival
2593:
2562:Hypertrophic
2556:
2539:
2392:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2190:cite journal
2179:. Retrieved
2122:
2118:
2108:
2088:
2067:cite journal
2056:. Retrieved
2043:
2008:
2004:
1994:
1983:. Retrieved
1981:. 2023-11-08
1978:
1929:
1926:Rheumatology
1925:
1916:
1873:
1869:
1855:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1712:
1708:
1698:
1676:(4B): 34–8.
1673:
1669:
1663:
1618:
1614:
1604:
1569:
1563:
1552:. Retrieved
1547:
1538:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1460:cite journal
1449:. Retrieved
1436:
1409:
1405:
1395:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1325:
1313:. Retrieved
1309:the original
1304:
1295:
1267:
1225:(5): 332–9.
1222:
1218:
1164:
1160:
1084:
1076:
1057:
1051:
1017:
987:
979:
972:
968:
961:
958:Epidemiology
932:PUVA therapy
925:
918:
878:upadacitinib
867:
855:
851:
816:
798:azathioprine
786:methotrexate
783:
750:indomethacin
731:
723:
719:risankizumab
676:
664:
651:inflammation
647:inflammation
644:
595:
551:
540:sacroiliitis
446:index finger
415:
383:
372:
287:
280:
245:
232:
224:
216:
200:sacroiliitis
193:
178:
162:
139:
129:
122:seronegative
78:
77:
71:Rheumatology
18:
3112:MedlinePlus
1709:Circulation
1498:(1): 2–29.
1015:insertions
1009:epicondyles
1005:iliac crest
983:onycholysis
928:methoxsalen
874:tofacitinib
872:inhibitors
794:cyclosporin
790:leflunomide
715:secukinumab
711:ustekinumab
407:onycholysis
360:insertion (
283:osteoclasts
251:class I MHC
204:spondylitis
185:onycholysis
43:Other names
3155:Categories
3134:Patient UK
3019:Osteophyte
2831:Infectious
2807:Joint pain
2577:Ulcerative
2557:morphology
2489:pityriasis
2181:2011-05-04
2058:2011-05-04
1985:2023-11-08
1862:Mangoni AA
1820:2328/39181
1670:Am. J. Med
1554:2021-04-06
1451:2011-05-04
1287:1349393887
1163:(Review).
1043:References
989:Enthesitis
899:inhibitor
884:inhibitor
823:apremilast
766:etoricoxib
746:diclofenac
709:inhibitor
699:adalimumab
687:etanercept
683:infliximab
641:Treatments
586:pseudogout
507:and lower
478:dactylitis
430:dactylitis
418:enthesitis
362:enthesitis
343:enthesitis
312:See also:
253:including
208:enthesitis
181:dactylitis
3171:Psoriasis
3161:Arthritis
3128:radio/578
3123:eMedicine
3065:.0–.3 or
2934:Sjögren's
2776:Arthritis
2587:Pigmented
2523:lichenoid
2322:Psoriasis
2176:WebMD LLC
2139:1759-4790
1948:1462-0324
1890:1465-1858
1829:1465-1858
1512:2151-464X
1315:12 August
1020:psoriasis
975:psoriasis
964:psoriasis
909:Phase III
762:celecoxib
738:ibuprofen
691:golimumab
335:synovitis
308:Diagnosis
235:polygenic
110:psoriasis
90:psoriasis
66:Specialty
2800:Symptoms
2567:Atrophic
2331:Pustular
2246:43867408
2238:28273019
2155:59945330
2147:30742092
2099:and the
2035:16235295
1956:30380114
1908:30656673
1847:10796328
1780:16740558
1731:17325246
1655:10377455
1596:23654064
1530:30499259
1428:18423261
1387:20461787
1249:25484225
1241:20015187
1189:43867408
1181:28273019
1026:See also
938:may use
905:Phase II
890:Phase II
754:etodolac
742:naproxen
736:such as
618:as well.
516:anterior
509:thoracic
450:sagittal
369:arrows).
354:Sagittal
267:HLA-B*39
263:HLA-B*38
259:HLA-B*27
255:HLA-B*08
145:genotype
142:HLA-B*27
131:Genetics
3093:D015535
2854:Crystal
2769:General
2599:Mucosal
2582:Actinic
2572:Bullous
2545:Annular
2026:8406947
1899:6353064
1838:7043365
1771:1473048
1690:3085490
1623:Bibcode
1521:8265826
1378:2962800
1001:patella
936:Doctors
901:TAK-279
858:Celgene
760:) e.g.
480:due to
454:phalanx
327:coronal
299:Obesity
153:African
135:Obesity
112:(e.g.,
3117:000413
2638:other:
2550:Linear
2521:Other
2487:Other
2244:
2236:
2153:
2145:
2137:
2033:
2023:
1954:
1946:
1906:
1896:
1888:
1845:
1835:
1827:
1778:
1768:
1729:
1688:
1653:
1643:
1594:
1584:
1528:
1518:
1510:
1426:
1385:
1375:
1337:
1285:
1275:
1247:
1239:
1187:
1179:
1097:
1064:
1011:, and
894:Takeda
800:, and
774:stroke
752:, and
734:NSAIDs
572:, and
505:lumbar
482:flexor
339:medial
265:, and
229:Causes
196:sacrum
104:, and
3082:696.0
3067:M09.0
3061:with
3059:L40.5
2943:Other
2659:Other
2604:Nails
2381:Other
2242:S2CID
2151:S2CID
1646:22126
1245:S2CID
1185:S2CID
942:with
835:TNF-α
707:IL-23
703:IL-12
679:TNF-α
634:M07.0
623:M07.2
612:M07.1
512:spine
474:axial
458:edema
149:Asian
118:itchy
3088:MeSH
3077:9-CM
2873:Gout
2867:CPPD
2594:site
2234:PMID
2203:help
2143:PMID
2135:ISSN
2080:help
2031:PMID
2009:2010
1952:PMID
1944:ISSN
1904:PMID
1886:ISSN
1843:PMID
1825:ISSN
1803:2000
1776:PMID
1727:PMID
1686:PMID
1651:PMID
1592:PMID
1582:ISBN
1548:AJMC
1526:PMID
1508:ISSN
1473:help
1424:PMID
1383:PMID
1335:ISBN
1317:2015
1283:OCLC
1273:ISBN
1237:PMID
1177:PMID
1095:ISBN
1062:ISBN
995:and
897:TYK2
882:TYK2
870:JAK1
868:The
841:and
740:and
697:and
377:. A
3073:ICD
3063:M07
3050:ICD
2924:SLE
2345:) (
2226:doi
2222:376
2127:doi
2021:PMC
2013:doi
1934:doi
1894:PMC
1878:doi
1833:PMC
1815:hdl
1807:doi
1766:PMC
1758:doi
1754:332
1750:BMJ
1717:doi
1713:115
1678:doi
1641:PMC
1631:doi
1574:doi
1516:PMC
1500:doi
1414:doi
1373:PMC
1365:doi
1227:doi
1169:doi
1165:376
1091:194
985:).
764:or
202:or
151:or
114:red
3157::
3137::
3126::
3115::
3091::
3080::
3057::
3054:10
2465:,
2446:,
2240:.
2232:.
2220:.
2194::
2192:}}
2188:{{
2174:.
2163:^
2149:.
2141:.
2133:.
2123:15
2121:.
2117:.
2071::
2069:}}
2065:{{
2051:.
2029:.
2019:.
2007:.
2003:.
1977:.
1964:^
1950:.
1942:.
1930:58
1928:.
1924:.
1902:.
1892:.
1884:.
1872:.
1868:.
1841:.
1831:.
1823:.
1813:.
1801:.
1797:.
1774:.
1764:.
1752:.
1748:.
1725:.
1711:.
1707:.
1684:.
1674:80
1672:.
1649:.
1639:.
1629:.
1619:96
1617:.
1613:.
1590:.
1580:.
1546:.
1524:.
1514:.
1506:.
1496:71
1494:.
1490:.
1464::
1462:}}
1458:{{
1444:.
1422:.
1410:58
1408:.
1404:.
1381:.
1371:.
1361:62
1359:.
1355:.
1303:.
1281:.
1257:^
1243:.
1235:.
1221:.
1217:.
1197:^
1183:.
1175:.
1109:^
1093:.
1007:,
1003:,
849:.
837:,
817:A
796:,
792:,
788:,
748:,
721:.
693:,
689:,
685:,
568:,
564:,
560:,
556:,
261:,
257:,
187:,
127:.
3075:-
3052:-
3042:D
2754:e
2747:t
2740:v
2479:)
2475:(
2469:)
2461:(
2450:)
2442:(
2363:)
2359:(
2355:/
2349:)
2341:(
2306:e
2299:t
2292:v
2271:—
2248:.
2228::
2205:)
2201:(
2184:.
2157:.
2129::
2082:)
2078:(
2061:.
2037:.
2015::
1988:.
1958:.
1936::
1910:.
1880::
1874:1
1849:.
1817::
1809::
1782:.
1760::
1733:.
1719::
1692:.
1680::
1657:.
1633::
1625::
1598:.
1576::
1557:.
1532:.
1502::
1475:)
1471:(
1454:.
1430:.
1416::
1389:.
1367::
1319:.
1289:.
1251:.
1229::
1223:8
1191:.
1171::
1103:.
1070:.
981:(
705:/
542:.
29:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
