391:
51:
1932:
894:
527:
were originally the same divine entity which was split into a founder hero and a god when Roman religion became demythicised. To support this, he points to the association of both
Romulus and Quirinus with the grain
474:. When the Romans settled in the area, the cult of Quirinus became part of their early belief system. This occurred before the later influences from classical Greek culture.
1372:
Ben
Abdallah, Zeïneb (1999). "QVIRINVS, DEVS PATER. Une résurgence de la religion romaine archaïque en province proconsulaire d'Afrique sous l'Empereur Sévère Alexandre".
566:
Brelich claimed this pattern – a festival involving a staple crop, a god, and a tale of a slain founding hero whose body parts are buried in the soil – is a recognized
2332:
645:
Over time, however, Quirinus became less significant, and he was absent from the later, more widely known triad (he and Mars had been replaced by
598:
The association of
Quirinus and Romulus is further supported by a connection with Vofionos, the third god in the triad of the Grabovian gods of
2337:
2380:
914:
909:
311:
are connected with
Sabellic immigrants into Rome in ancient legends, it may be a loanword. The meaning "wielder of the spear" (Sabine
2081:
555:
and corresponds with the traditional day of
Romulus' death. On that day, the Romans would toast spelt as an offering to the goddess
1493:
503:
wrote that, shortly after Rome's founder had disappeared under what some considered suspicious circumstances, a Roman noble named
586:
would corroborate this thesis, given the fact that
Romulus is a stepson of hers, and one of the original twelve arval brethren (
413:, Quirinus was portrayed as a bearded man with religious and military clothing. However, he was almost never depicted in later
1291:
1037:
943:
673:
Eventually, Romans began to favor personal and mystical cults over the official state belief system. These included those of
2349:
773:
1267:
1064:
1054:
198:
1027:
1084:
2143:
701:, was still associated with power – it was chosen as the seat of the royal house after the taking of Rome by the
559:. In one version of the legend of Romulus' death cited by Plutarch, he was killed and cut into pieces by the
1486:
1393:
Dumézil, Georges (1954). "Les cultes de la regia, les trois fonctions ct la triade
Jupiter Mars Quirinus".
357:
1303:"Quirinus, un ancien dieu tonnant ? Nouvelles hypothèses sur son étymologie et sa nature primitive"
838:"Quirinus, un ancien dieu tonnant ? Nouvelles hypothèses sur son étymologie et sa nature primitive"
2390:
2014:
1988:
1005:
390:
2148:
1983:
20:
2263:
2242:
2232:
1639:
1502:
560:
2247:
1479:
385:
372:
argues that this etymology "is not credible phonetically and not very compelling semantically."
2075:
1001:
654:
381:
1229:
2294:
2191:
1847:
1766:
1514:
1439:
718:
2289:
2173:
2127:
1917:
1761:
1534:
963:
661:, an earlier cult site on the Quirinal, devoted to Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva, among whom
8:
2385:
2327:
2133:
2019:
1993:
1852:
1701:
1691:
1654:
639:
471:
2206:
1832:
1796:
1756:
1731:
1634:
1614:
1554:
1471:
1431:
1402:
1360:
1324:
1147:
859:
706:
556:
1277:
959:
826:. France, Rouen: Publications des Universités de Rouen et du Havre. 2010. pp. 125-126.
2344:
2304:
1958:
1912:
1786:
1776:
1726:
1599:
1579:
1574:
1559:
1460:
1287:
1263:
1225:
1060:
1033:
939:
578:
430:
63:
483:
482:
By the end of the 1st century BCE, Quirinus would be considered to be the
50:
2237:
1968:
1887:
1827:
1686:
1664:
1649:
1423:
1381:
1352:
1314:
1241:
1139:
849:
646:
635:
631:
443:
163:
2359:
2354:
2273:
2268:
2121:
2089:
1973:
1506:
1443:
1281:
1257:
1253:
933:
587:
504:
369:
149:
2211:
2100:
1963:
1681:
1202:
702:
494:
320:
212:
153:
2374:
2138:
2062:
1978:
1907:
1877:
1857:
1706:
1629:
1619:
1520:
1464:
905:
900:
627:
583:
467:
98:
42:
1427:
1385:
2201:
2196:
2158:
2055:
1604:
1544:
1374:
Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des
Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
1245:
1130:
Ryberg, Inez Scott (1931). "Was the
Capitoline Triad Etruscan or Italic?".
563:
and each of them took a part of his body home and buried it on their land.
329:
217:
1609:
1356:
515:
had instructed him to tell his countrymen that he, Romulus, was
Quirinus.
1953:
1283:
Archaic Roman Religion: With an Appendix on the Religion of the Etruscans
929:
75:
1931:
1435:
1406:
1364:
1328:
863:
570:
that arises when such a split takes place in a culture's mythology (see
2163:
2070:
1837:
1822:
1812:
1741:
1721:
737:
The Capitolium Vetus was demolished in 1625 by order of Pope Barberini.
572:
551:
534:
1343:
Basanoff, V. (1946). "Note sur la triade " indo-européenne " à Rome".
1151:
2309:
1897:
1791:
1319:
1302:
854:
837:
806:
414:
303:, the name of Roman citizens in their peacetime function. Since both
2216:
2153:
2094:
1998:
1817:
1771:
1676:
1584:
1569:
1564:
1539:
1143:
1117:
Quirinus: una divinita' romana alla luce della comparazione storica
1080:
798:
694:
674:
607:
500:
418:
394:
299:
278:
221:
140:
71:
55:
899:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1872:
1862:
1781:
1751:
1736:
1696:
1594:
1192:
824:
Les Vestins à l'époque tardo-républicaine. Du nord-osque au latin
698:
662:
650:
599:
567:
524:
512:
508:
487:
455:
229:
67:
59:
458:
war god. The Sabines had a settlement near the eventual site of
2299:
2041:
2035:
1948:
1882:
1867:
1842:
1624:
1549:
1259:
Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages
678:
611:
439:
79:
1451:
York, Michael (1988). "Romulus and Remus, Mars and Quirinus".
2168:
1892:
1716:
1671:
1659:
1644:
1589:
1414:
Koch, Carl (1953). "Bemerkungen zum römischen Quirinuskult".
1165:
665:
makes a distinction between the "old Jupiter" and the "new".
615:
603:
529:
343:
253:
The name of god Quirinus is recorded across Roman sources as
233:
875:
873:
338:
Some scholars have interpreted the name as a contraction of
2049:
1902:
983:
918:. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
802:
682:
518:
459:
324:
187:
181:
1711:
870:
511:
had come to him while he was travelling. He claimed that
410:
172:
19:
This article is about the Roman god. For other uses, see
1501:
1013:
Quirinalis, socio imperii Romani Curibus ascito Quirino
693:
Even centuries after the fall of the Roman Empire, the
626:
His early importance led to Quirinus' inclusion in the
199:
190:
184:
169:
166:
362:
178:
1182:
See Lanciani's work on the "Shrines of Pagan Rome".
1052:
175:
978:
976:
523:Historian Angelo Brelich argued that Quirinus and
1286:(1996 ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press.
2372:
1416:Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte
1025:
697:hill in Rome, originally named from the deified
685:, leaving only Quirinus' flamen to worship him.
342:(originally the protector of the community, cf.
973:
938:. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 289.
66:enthroned on the reverse, a commemoration by a
1119:. Studi e Materiali di Storia delle religioni.
760:Foreign Cults in Rome: Creating a Roman Empire
1487:
1371:
277:. The name is also attested as a surname to
549:The last day of the festival is called the
319:), or a derivation from the Sabine town of
1494:
1480:
462:, and erected an altar to Quirinus on the
49:
1318:
1099:
958:
853:
705:and later it became the residence of the
593:
576:archetype). The possible presence of the
1342:
1209:, "here the new Jupiter, there the old."
904:
519:Brelich's argument for split deification
389:
375:
1392:
1276:
1252:
1234:Revue belge de Philologie et d'Histoire
1224:
1114:
879:
762:. Oxford University Press. p. 144.
621:
2373:
1300:
1129:
928:
835:
668:
602:. Vofionos would be the equivalent of
454:Quirinus most likely was originally a
116:beard, religious and military clothing
1475:
1201:Martial remarks on a position on the
757:
211:
90:Curinus, Corinus, Querinus, Queirinus
1450:
1413:
1079:
2381:8th century BC in the Roman Kingdom
1191:
1029:The Imperial Cult in the Latin West
964:"A Reader in Comparative Mythology"
386:Flamen Quirinalis § Quirinalia
13:
1930:
1336:
1000:
707:Presidents of the Italian Republic
477:
14:
2402:
1345:Revue de l'histoire des religions
1307:Revue de l'histoire des religions
1164:
1132:The American Journal of Philology
1053:Evans, Jane de Rose (1992).
842:Revue de l'histoire des religions
434:, was one of the three patrician
1453:Journal of Indo-European Studies
1230:"Remarques sur le dieu Quirinus"
1059:. University of Michigan Press.
982:
892:
162:
1301:Lajoye, Patrice (1 June 2010).
1218:
1185:
1176:
1158:
1123:
1108:
1093:
1073:
1046:
1019:
994:
836:Lajoye, Patrice (1 June 2010).
731:
442:") who had precedence over the
397:of 126 BC; on the right is the
352:), descending from an earlier *
248:
1207:hinc novum Iovem, inde veterem
952:
922:
885:
829:
816:
791:
766:
751:
638:(then an agriculture god) and
74:presented by an earlier Gaius
1:
744:
724:
428:The priest of Quirinus, the
425:, held on February 17.
288:
7:
712:
10:
2407:
1989:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
1928:
1007:De Verborum Significatione
449:
379:
363:
297:probably stems from Latin
58:picturing Quirinus on the
18:
2320:
2282:
2256:
2225:
2184:
2112:
2028:
2007:
1984:Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
1941:
1805:
1530:
1513:
1205:from which one might see
1069:– via Google Books.
1042:– via Google Books.
1026:Fishwich, Duncan (1993).
688:
216:) is an early god of the
136:
128:
120:
112:
104:
94:
86:
48:
40:
33:
28:
21:Quirinus (disambiguation)
2243:Rape of the Sabine Women
1115:Brelich, Angelo (1960).
1089:. ch. 28 p. 2.
323:, have been proposed by
2248:Battle of Lacus Curtius
1428:10.1163/157007353X00090
1386:10.3406/crai.1999.16004
1032:(2nd ed.). Brill.
969:. University of Zagreb.
915:Encyclopædia Britannica
243:
1935:
1503:Ancient Roman religion
1246:10.3406/rbph.1996.4097
594:The Grabovian pantheon
542:, according to Ovid's
486:legendary first king,
406:
382:Ancient Roman religion
35:God of the Roman state
1934:
1357:10.3406/rhr.1946.5522
1199:. Vol. V. 22.4.
1056:The Art of Persuasion
935:Comparative mythology
797:In the prayer of the
719:Adolf Ellegard Jensen
393:
380:Further information:
376:Depiction and worship
273:, also as fragmented
2128:Interpretatio graeca
758:Orlin, Eric (2010).
622:The Capitoline Triad
213:[kᶣɪˈriːnʊs]
70:in 56 BCE of a
2328:Classical mythology
2149:Theology of victory
1994:Kings of Alba Longa
882:, pp. 509–510.
669:Fade into obscurity
582:at the festival of
472:Seven hills of Rome
358:Proto-Indo-European
1936:
1226:Briquel, Dominique
990:. II, 481 ff.
822:Dupraz, Emmanuel.
778:Collins Dictionary
407:
368:("man"). Linguist
356:, itself from the
2391:Romulus and Remus
2368:
2367:
2345:Etruscan religion
1959:Romulus and Remus
1942:Legendary figures
1926:
1925:
1575:Castor and Pollux
1293:978-0-8018-5482-8
1039:978-90-04-07179-7
945:978-0-8018-3413-4
579:Flamen Quirinalis
464:Collis Quirinalis
431:Flamen Quirinalis
409:In earlier Roman
399:flamen Quirinalis
283:Hercules Quirinus
146:
145:
95:Major cult center
2398:
2238:Founding of Rome
2008:Legendary beings
1969:Tullus Hostilius
1806:Abstract deities
1665:Lares Familiares
1528:
1527:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1459:(1–2): 153–172.
1447:
1410:
1389:
1368:
1351:(1/3): 110–114.
1332:
1322:
1320:10.4000/rhr.7573
1313:(227): 175–194.
1297:
1278:Dumézil, Georges
1273:
1254:de Vaan, Michiel
1249:
1212:
1211:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1170:De lingua latina
1162:
1156:
1155:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1023:
1017:
1016:
998:
992:
991:
980:
971:
970:
968:
960:Matasović, Ranko
956:
950:
949:
926:
920:
919:
898:
896:
895:
889:
883:
877:
868:
867:
857:
855:10.4000/rhr.7573
848:(227): 175–194.
833:
827:
820:
814:
795:
789:
788:
786:
784:
770:
764:
763:
755:
738:
735:
659:Capitolium Vetus
632:Capitoline Triad
540:Stultorum Feriae
444:Pontifex Maximus
436:flamines maiores
366:
365:
215:
210:
203:
197:
196:
193:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
177:
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171:
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53:
26:
25:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2360:Myth and ritual
2355:Greek mythology
2316:
2278:
2274:Pignora imperii
2269:Parabiago Plate
2252:
2221:
2180:
2114:
2108:
2090:Sibylline Books
2024:
2003:
1974:Servius Tullius
1937:
1922:
1801:
1517:
1509:
1500:
1339:
1337:Further reading
1294:
1270:
1221:
1216:
1215:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1163:
1159:
1128:
1124:
1113:
1109:
1100:Aulus Gellius.
1098:
1094:
1078:
1074:
1067:
1051:
1047:
1040:
1024:
1020:
999:
995:
981:
974:
966:
957:
953:
946:
927:
923:
908:, ed. (1911). "
893:
891:
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886:
878:
871:
834:
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782:
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772:
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742:
741:
736:
732:
727:
715:
691:
671:
624:
596:
588:Fratres Arvales
521:
505:Proculus Julius
496:Life of Romulus
480:
478:Deified Romulus
452:
388:
378:
370:Michiel de Vaan
315:, 'spear', cf.
291:
251:
246:
208:
201:
165:
161:
150:Roman mythology
82:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2404:
2394:
2393:
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2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2212:Pythagoreanism
2209:
2207:Peripateticism
2204:
2199:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2124:
2118:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2101:The Golden Ass
2092:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2073:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2020:Barnacle goose
2017:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1964:Numa Pompilius
1961:
1956:
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1945:
1943:
1939:
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1632:
1627:
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1607:
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1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1531:
1525:
1511:
1510:
1499:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1448:
1411:
1401:(2): 129–139.
1390:
1380:(2): 457–468.
1369:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1298:
1292:
1274:
1268:
1250:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1203:Esquiline Hill
1184:
1175:
1157:
1144:10.2307/290109
1138:(2): 145–156.
1122:
1107:
1102:Noctes Atticae
1092:
1072:
1065:
1045:
1038:
1018:
993:
972:
951:
944:
921:
906:Chisholm, Hugh
884:
869:
828:
815:
790:
765:
749:
748:
746:
743:
740:
739:
729:
728:
726:
723:
722:
721:
714:
711:
690:
687:
670:
667:
634:), along with
623:
620:
618:respectively.
614:and among the
595:
592:
532:, through the
520:
517:
507:reported that
479:
476:
451:
448:
405:on his shield.
377:
374:
317:Janus Quirinus
290:
287:
250:
247:
245:
242:
238:Janus Quirinus
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
130:
126:
125:
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117:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
54:
46:
45:
41:Member of the
38:
37:
34:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2403:
2392:
2389:
2387:
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2378:
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2301:
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2255:
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2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2230:
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2233:Golden Bough
2202:Neoplatonism
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781:. Retrieved
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249:Attestations
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228:was also an
225:
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2338:Persecution
2290:Gallo-Roman
2082:Res divinae
1954:Rhea Silvia
1422:(1): 1–25.
805:(I.32.10);
630:(the first
417:. His main
340:*Co-Virīnus
335:2.477-480.
275:IOVI. CYRIN
218:Roman state
87:Other names
16:Roman deity
2386:Roman gods
2375:Categories
2283:Variations
2185:Philosophy
2164:Capitolium
2071:Propertius
1838:Averruncus
1823:Aeternitas
1813:Abundantia
1742:Proserpina
1444:1305391173
1010:. 198, L.
801:quoted by
774:"Quirinus"
745:References
573:Dema deity
552:Quirinalia
535:Fornacalia
423:Quirinalia
354:Co-Wironos
132:Quirinalia
2310:Mithraism
2295:Mysteries
2144:Palladium
2122:Festivals
1898:Securitas
1848:Concordia
1792:Vertumnus
1610:Dīs Pater
1507:mythology
1465:0092-2323
1262:. Brill.
807:Macrobius
725:Footnotes
415:Roman art
350:*co-viria
293:The name
289:Etymology
267:Queirinus
129:Festivals
2350:Glossary
2321:See also
2217:Stoicism
2192:Cynicism
2154:Pomerium
2113:Concepts
2095:Apuleius
2015:She-wolf
1999:Hersilia
1918:Victoria
1818:Aequitas
1772:Summanus
1762:Silvanus
1747:Quirinus
1677:Libertas
1640:Hercules
1585:Cloacina
1570:Carmenta
1565:Bona Dea
1540:Angerona
1535:Agenoria
1440:ProQuest
1436:23894289
1407:41517672
1365:23665537
1329:23618183
1280:(1966).
1256:(2008).
1228:(1996).
1197:Epigrams
1172:. V.158.
1104:. 7.7.7.
1081:Plutarch
962:(2010).
932:(1987).
910:Quirinus
864:23618183
813:I.9.15);
799:fetiales
713:See also
695:Quirinal
608:Teutates
501:Plutarch
438:("major
421:was the
419:festival
395:Denarius
364:*wihₓrós
309:Quirīnus
295:Quirīnus
279:Hercules
263:Querinus
226:Quirinus
222:Augustan
158:Quirinus
154:religion
72:Cerialia
56:Denarius
29:Quirinus
2333:Decline
2257:Objects
2159:Temples
2139:Charity
1873:Laverna
1863:Fortuna
1853:Feronia
1782:Veritas
1752:Salacia
1737:Priapus
1722:Penates
1702:Neptune
1697:Minerva
1692:Mercury
1655:Jupiter
1595:Dea Dia
1560:Bellona
1515:Deities
1395:Latomus
1193:Martial
903::
699:Romulus
675:Bacchus
663:Martial
651:Minerva
640:Jupiter
600:Iguvium
568:mytheme
525:Romulus
513:Romulus
509:Romulus
493:In his
488:Romulus
484:deified
450:History
440:flamens
327:in his
271:QVIRINO
259:Corinus
255:Curinus
230:epithet
137:Consort
113:Symbols
76:Memmius
68:moneyer
60:obverse
2300:Cybele
2226:Events
2174:Celtic
2042:Aeneid
2036:Virgil
1949:Aeneas
1883:Pietas
1868:Fontus
1843:Caelus
1833:Annona
1828:Africa
1797:Vulcan
1757:Saturn
1732:Pomona
1635:Genius
1625:Faunus
1615:Egeria
1555:Aurora
1550:Apollo
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703:Savoia
689:Legacy
681:, and
679:Cybele
612:Latium
561:nobles
557:Fornax
456:Sabine
403:QVIRIN
313:quiris
305:quirīs
300:quirīs
224:Rome,
209:Latin:
121:Gender
80:aedile
62:, and
2169:Cella
2076:Varro
2056:Fasti
2029:Texts
1913:Terra
1893:Salus
1858:Fides
1787:Vesta
1777:Venus
1727:Pluto
1717:Orcus
1672:Liber
1660:Lares
1645:Janus
1630:Flora
1620:Fauna
1600:Diana
1590:Cupid
1580:Ceres
1432:JSTOR
1403:JSTOR
1361:JSTOR
1325:JSTOR
1166:Varro
1148:JSTOR
1086:Lives
988:Fasti
967:(PDF)
860:JSTOR
655:Varro
616:Celts
610:, in
604:Liber
544:Fasti
530:spelt
401:with
360:noun
348:<
345:cūria
331:Fasti
321:Cures
236:, as
234:Janus
220:. In
105:Abode
64:Ceres
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2050:Ovid
1903:Spes
1888:Roma
1687:Mars
1682:Luna
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