947:
989:
to work in broadcast journalism. A bachelor's degree in, "...journalism, broadcast journalism or interactive media," can lead to a career in broadcast production. However, a heavy amount of the education they receive is hands-on activity through internships and working for on-campus broadcasting stations. This real world view of the field combined with classes that teach students the ins and outs of writing, capturing video, interviewing and editing creates a developed and prepared journalist. Finding a job in the broadcasting field can be tough due to the decreased viewing and limited number of stations in each location, but the online media presence is causing employment to be, "...predicted to decline by 8% from 2014 to 2024."
133:
158:
708:
36:
903:
has its origins in the early days of radio transmission, it is television with its attractive visuals and rapid dissemination that has empowered broadcast journalism to emerge as the most influential form of journalism until the rise of the
Internet and the new forms of journalism associated with digital technologies. The internet often beats out broadcast journalism in terms of reporting
833:" formats and the sharing of resources within clusters of stations, de-emphasizing local news and information. There has been concern over whether this concentration serves the public. The opposition says that the range of political views expressed is greatly narrowed and that local concerns are neglected, including local emergencies, for which communication is critical.
884:
happening. The JFK assassination helped to transform television journalism to how it is today, with instantaneous coverage and live coverages at major events. Television offered faster coverage than radio and allowed viewers to feel more as if they were experiencing the event because they could visualize exactly what was going on.
1129:" have taken over broadcast journalism throughout the years. Its impact on broadcast journalism played a role in how news about the election was spread. Fake news defines how viewers see news that may be misleading or false. The main aim of yellow journalism is to gather the attention of people in the society.
879:'s assassination in 1963 that television newscasting took off. Radio could only capture the sound of the event, but television showed people the true horror of the assassination. This was one of the first major events in which news companies competed with each other to get the news out to the public first.
1079:
Broadcast journalism is changing rapidly, causing issues within the business as well. Many people can no longer find jobs in broadcast journalism because much more is online and does not even need to be broadcast by a person. Others are being laid off to invest more money into new technologies. Other
988:
Many young journalists start out by learning about broadcast journalism through high school courses. They learn how to navigate the newsroom and equipment, and they learn the ethics and standards of journalism. Although learning the responsibilities of a journalist is important, education is required
902:
Both radio and television are major sources for broadcast journalism today, even with rapidly expanding technology. Television still focuses on covering major events, but radio broadcasts focus more on analyzing stories rather than reporting breaking news. Although the history of broadcast journalism
883:
was the first to report that
Kennedy had been shot and was killed. News crews spent the next several days covering everything happening in Washington, including Kennedy's funeral. This set the standard for news stations to have to cover major events quicker and get them out to the public as they were
967:
United States stations typically broadcast local news three or four times a day: around 4:30–7 am (morning), 11:30 or noon (midday), 5 or 6 pm (evening), and 10 or 11 at night. Most of the nightly local newscasts are 30 minutes, and include sports coverage and weather. News anchors are shown sitting
898:
Women had a hard time immersing themselves into radio news seeing as most of the radio broadcasts were men. There was a small number of women who hosted programs that were for homemakers and were on entertainment broadcast. After World War II, the doors for women in broadcasting opened up. This was
963:
in North
America into media markets. These television markets are defined by viewing area and are ranked by the number of audience viewers. New broadcast journalists generally start in the smaller markets with fewer viewers and move up to larger television stations and television networks after
1088:
Convergence is the sharing and cross-promoting of content from a variety of media, all of which, in theory, converge and become one medium. In broadcast news, the internet is a key to convergence. Frequently, broadcast journalists also write text stories for the Web, usually accompanied by the
895:) were the two competing forces of news broadcasting in the early years of broadcast journalism. NBC was established in 1926 and CBS in 1927. There was a divide in the industry because they were not only competing against each other, but radio news that had already been established.
763:
by electronic methods instead of the older methods, such as printed newspapers and posters. It works on radio (via air, cable, and
Internet), television (via air, cable, and Internet) and the World Wide Web. Such media disperse pictures (static and moving), visual text and sounds.
818:. The "talent" (professional voices) talk to the audience, including reading the news. People tune in to hear engaging radio personalities, music, and information. In radio news, stories include speech soundbites, the recorded sounds of events themselves, and the anchor or host.
821:
Some radio news might run for just four minutes, but contain 12–15 stories. These new bulletins must balance the desire for a broad overview of current events with the audience's limited capacity to focus on a large number of different stories.
1089:
graphics and sound of the original story. Websites offer the audience an interactive form where they can learn more about a story, can be referred to related articles, can offer comments for publication and can print stories at home.
868:. People found out about the bombing through President Roosevelt's broadcast interrupting their daily programming. It set Americans on edge, and people began to rely more heavily on the radio for major announcements throughout
1062:
on-screen titles and full-page digital on-screen graphics. The audio technician operates the audio mixing console. The technician is in charge of the microphones, music and audio tape. Often, production assistants operate the
1795:
899:
also due to the shortage of men that were home during the war, so news outlets looked to women to fill those gaps of times. In the 1960s and 1970s larger numbers of women began to enter into broadcast news field.
1113:. It has become a new trend that some allegedly fear will take over broadcast journalism as it is known. News companies, like Fox News, are employing citizen journalists, which is a new phenomenon in journalism.
1046:
A newscast director is in charge of television show preparation, including assigning camera and talent (cast) positions on the set, as well as selecting the camera shots and other elements for either recorded or
1032:(NLE). Segment producers choose, research and write stories, as well as deciding the timing and arrangement of the newscast. Associate producer, if any, specialize in other elements of the show such as graphics.
1702:
872:. World War II was a time where radio broadcasting became a much larger industry because it was the easiest and quickest way for people to get updates on what was going on throughout the world.
783:
A "sack" is an edited set of video clips for a news story and is common on television. It is typically narrated by a reporter. It is a story with audio, video, graphics and video effects. The
845:
When radio first became popular, it was not used as a source of information; rather, people listened to the radio solely for entertainment purposes. This began to change with a man named
875:
Informative radio continued while television reporting also began to take flight. Throughout the 1940s and 1950s television news sources grew, but radio still dominated. It wasn't until
980:(ENG) techniques are used with production trucks. Daytime television or morning shows include more "soft" news and feature pieces, while the evening news emphasizes "hard" news.
811:
to pay for programs was pioneered in radio. Later still, television displaced radio and newspapers as the main news sources for most of the public in industrialized countries.
960:
1055:(TD) operates the video switcher, which controls and mixes all the elements of the show. At smaller stations, the Director and Technical Director are the same person.
825:
The radio industry has undergone a radical consolidation of ownership, with fewer companies owning the thousands of stations. Large media conglomerates such as
787:, or presenter, usually reads a "lead-in" (introduction) before the package is aired and may conclude the story with additional information, called a "tag".
1710:
915:
Television (TV) news is considered by many to be the most influential medium for journalism. For most of the
American public, local news and national TV
946:
972:
that contain local interest stories and breaking news. Reporters frequently tell their stories outside the formal television studio in the field, in a
1020:
research and write the stories and sometimes use video editing to prepare the story for air into a "package". Reporters are usually engaged in
1336:
1101:
Citizen broadcast journalism is a new form of technology that has allowed regular civilians to post stories they see through outlets such as
923:"). Television is dominated by attractive visuals (including beauty, action, and shock), with short soundbites and fast "cuts" (changes of
743:
1386:
919:
are the primary news sources. Not only the numbers of audience viewers, but the effect on each viewer is considered more persuasive ("
1801:
100:
1605:
72:
1093:
also lets newsrooms collaborate with other media, broadcast outlets sometimes have partnerships with their print counterparts.
861:'s German army annexing Austria. Many Americans relied on his broadcasts throughout the war to gain information about the war.
1767:
1582:
1221:
53:
79:
1829:
1028:
or assistants manage the audio and lighting; they are in charge of setting up live television shots and might edit using a
140:
1678:
1080:
changes include innovations allowing TV stations to better alert viewers in emergencies and have higher quality services.
1653:
86:
2430:
1786:
1748:
1502:
1444:
1419:
119:
736:
17:
2425:
1928:
800:
Sound on tape, or SOT, is sound or video usually recorded in the field. It is usually an interview or soundbite.
182:
68:
1237:
814:
Some of the programming on radio is locally produced and some is broadcast by a radio network, for example, by
57:
2420:
1149:
950:
A journalist works on location at the Loma Prieta
Earthquake in San Francisco's Marina District October 1989.
2397:
2100:
907:, and the field of broadcast journalism is constantly having to adapt to the changing technology of today.
826:
353:
232:
1526:
1361:
1021:
729:
1024:(EFP) and are accompanied by a videographer at the scenes of the news; the latter holds the camera. The
803:
Radio was the first medium for broadcast journalism. Many of the first radio stations were co-operative
1008:. The anchors are often in pairs (co-anchors), who sit side by side and often alternate their reading.
132:
1460:
1189:
1090:
1029:
1001:
977:
837:
has resulted in many stations broadcasting for many hours a day with no one on the station premises.
791:
2194:
2134:
2011:
2006:
1943:
1822:
928:
853:. He stayed in London throughout the war and was the first to report on events such as bombings in
790:
A "reader" is an article read without accompanying video or sound. Sometimes an "over the shoulder
449:
389:
268:
263:
197:
1311:
93:
2189:
1932:
1287:
444:
186:
46:
1630:"Television Legislative and Regulatory Issues | Advocacy | National Association of Broadcasters"
157:
2164:
2091:
1968:
419:
344:
222:
2401:
2322:
2307:
2214:
2199:
2056:
2046:
815:
575:
560:
469:
454:
313:
303:
2297:
2204:
2184:
2179:
2144:
2031:
857:
and updated the people on Hitler's reign. Murrow gained his fame mainly after reporting on
550:
459:
439:
434:
399:
288:
1546:
8:
2359:
2264:
2154:
2106:
2096:
2066:
1996:
1953:
1815:
920:
849:. Edward Murrow was an American who traveled to England in order to broadcast news about
717:
612:
519:
409:
359:
349:
323:
253:
207:
2244:
2219:
2159:
2124:
2036:
2021:
2016:
1938:
1508:
1184:
1164:
1139:
1052:
932:
499:
474:
414:
379:
293:
278:
273:
192:
2385:
2370:
2337:
2259:
2249:
2239:
2139:
2082:
2061:
2051:
2041:
1973:
1782:
1763:
1744:
1737:
1578:
1512:
1498:
1440:
1415:
1217:
1174:
1126:
1000:(formerly "anchormen") serve as masters-of-ceremonies and are usually shown facing a
808:
712:
638:
623:
590:
514:
504:
494:
394:
318:
308:
298:
227:
964:
gaining experience. The larger stations usually have more resources and better pay.
2375:
2332:
2327:
2254:
2224:
2174:
2129:
2026:
1629:
1494:
1490:
1262:
973:
936:
846:
628:
585:
580:
509:
479:
429:
384:
283:
2229:
2149:
2001:
1991:
1889:
1572:
1211:
1048:
1041:
876:
804:
689:
484:
404:
258:
248:
136:
829:
own most of the radio stations in the United States. That has resulted in more "
2209:
1963:
1884:
1009:
997:
927:). Television viewing numbers have become fragmented, with the introduction of
784:
684:
464:
217:
1067:
and professional video cameras and serve as lighting and rigging technicians (
2414:
2316:
2287:
2234:
2169:
1879:
1159:
904:
864:
More people also began to rely on radio for information after the attacks on
777:
679:
569:
540:
489:
424:
2302:
2292:
1874:
1179:
1144:
1064:
1005:
969:
924:
869:
865:
850:
830:
674:
555:
545:
1058:
A graphics operator operates a character generator (CG) that produces the
2380:
1948:
1169:
1059:
1025:
633:
202:
2312:
2119:
2071:
1958:
1918:
1854:
1838:
1779:
Telling the Story: The
Convergence of Print, Broadcast and Online Media
1154:
1068:
1013:
834:
773:
654:
599:
565:
374:
328:
212:
172:
149:
1485:
Maniou & Papadopoulou (2019). "Broadcast
Journalism: Television".
2355:
2282:
1859:
1122:
1017:
760:
659:
608:
535:
1016:
to describe weather forecasting and show maps, charts and pictures.
35:
2365:
1106:
1102:
916:
880:
618:
139:
and broadcast journalists interviewing government official after a
1922:
1869:
1110:
669:
176:
1679:"Ethics in the News - Fake News and Facts in the Post-Truth Era"
1387:"Television in the United States - The year of transition: 1959"
1337:"How John F. Kennedy's Assassination Changed Television Forever"
797:
A voice-over, or VO, is a video article narrated by the anchor.
1894:
1478:
858:
854:
694:
1807:
1760:
Broadcast News
Handbook: A Manual of Techniques and Practices
940:
772:
Broadcast articles can be written as "packages", "readers", "
2111:
1913:
1864:
664:
364:
167:
1484:
892:
888:
968:
at a desk in a television studio. The news anchors read
1654:"Citizen journalists are about to take over newsrooms"
1362:"How the JFK assassination transformed media coverage"
1487:
1312:"12 Events that Triggered Media Coverage Evolution"
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1736:
1238:"Edward R. Murrow: Inventing Broadcast Journalism"
1570:
2412:
1757:
1802:Atmospheric Science Data Center – Meteorologist
1288:"Radio Reports Japan's Attack on Pearl Harbor"
1209:
27:Field of news and journals which are broadcast
1823:
737:
1606:"5 Steps to Becoming a Broadcast Journalist"
1564:
1004:in a television studio while reading unseen
759:is the field of news and journals which are
1796:Portal to Nielsen Media DMA ranks 2007–2008
1439:. University of Michigan: Greenwood Press.
1830:
1816:
1203:
744:
730:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1551:Pew Research Center's Journalism Project
1437:Hard news: women in broadcast journalism
1190:News broadcasting § Television news
945:
131:
1781:. Boston: Bedford, St. Martin's Press.
1734:
14:
2413:
1776:
1743:. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
1600:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1434:
1409:
1811:
1334:
1083:
807:ventures not making a profit. Later,
1335:Sneed, Tierney (November 14, 2013).
1285:
1210:Carole Fleming (10 September 2009).
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
1591:
1074:
954:
24:
1728:
1671:
1414:. University of California Press.
1035:
25:
2442:
1263:"History of Broadcast Journalism"
1739:Understanding Mass Communication
706:
156:
34:
1695:
1646:
1622:
1539:
1519:
1453:
1428:
1096:
45:needs additional citations for
1837:
1495:10.1002/9781118841570.iejs0187
1403:
1379:
1354:
1328:
1304:
1279:
1255:
1230:
767:
13:
1:
1895:Pundit / commentator
1196:
1150:Broadcasting of sports events
910:
889:National Broadcasting Company
695:Pundit / commentator
1116:
992:
983:
893:Columbia Broadcasting System
827:Clear Channel Communications
233:Index of journalism articles
7:
2398:List of journalism articles
1132:
1022:electronic field production
10:
2447:
1683:Ethical Journalism Network
1571:Marshall MacLuhan (1995).
1292:www.modestoradiomuseum.org
1039:
840:
2395:
2347:
2274:
2081:
1983:
1905:
1845:
1762:. New York: McGraw-Hill.
1758:Associated Press (2001).
1461:"Journalism Then and Now"
1267:history.journalism.ku.edu
1091:Technological convergence
1030:non-linear editing system
1002:professional video camera
978:Electronic news-gathering
921:The medium is the message
792:digital on-screen graphic
718:Category: Journalism
2431:Broadcasting occupations
1735:DeFleur, Melvin (2002).
1410:Hilmes, Michele (2007).
1855:Journalists (reporters)
1804:(archived 22 July 2012)
1527:"Television Journalism"
1391:Encyclopædia Britannica
655:Journalists (reporters)
2426:Television terminology
1969:Editorial independence
1798:(archived 23 May 2009)
1777:Brooks, Brian (2004).
1435:Hosley, David (1987).
1412:NBC: America's Network
1051:video production. The
1014:chroma key backgrounds
951:
223:Editorial independence
143:
69:"Broadcast journalism"
2323:Pink-slime journalism
2308:Horse race journalism
1547:"1. Pathways to news"
959:The industry divides
949:
713:Journalism portal
576:Pink-slime journalism
561:Horse race journalism
135:
2421:Broadcast journalism
2298:Freedom of the press
757:Broadcast journalism
551:Freedom of the press
54:improve this article
2360:Newspaper of record
1703:"Yellow Journalism"
1574:Understanding media
613:Newspaper of record
1713:on October 5, 2018
1465:Digital Journalism
1242:www.historynet.com
1213:The Radio Handbook
1185:Sports commentator
1165:Digital journalism
1140:24-hour news cycle
1084:Online convergence
1053:technical director
1012:stand in front of
952:
933:Cable News Network
931:channels, such as
144:
2408:
2407:
2386:Alternative media
2338:Yellow journalism
1974:Journalism school
1769:978-0-7136-3882-0
1584:978-0-262-63159-4
1489:. pp. 1–11.
1223:978-1-135-25810-8
1175:News broadcasting
1127:yellow journalism
809:radio advertising
754:
753:
639:Alternative media
591:Yellow journalism
228:Journalism school
141:building collapse
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
2438:
2333:Propaganda model
2328:Public relations
1832:
1825:
1818:
1809:
1808:
1792:
1773:
1754:
1742:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1709:. Archived from
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1602:
1589:
1588:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1207:
1075:Business changes
974:remote broadcast
961:local television
955:Local television
937:Fox News Channel
847:Edward R. Murrow
746:
739:
732:
711:
710:
709:
586:Propaganda model
581:Public relations
160:
146:
145:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
18:Radio journalist
2446:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2230:Photojournalism
2101:Interventionism
2077:
2076:
2075:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1841:
1836:
1789:
1770:
1751:
1731:
1729:Further reading
1726:
1725:
1716:
1714:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1687:
1685:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1663:
1661:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1638:
1636:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1614:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1592:
1585:
1569:
1565:
1556:
1554:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1505:
1483:
1479:
1470:
1468:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1408:
1404:
1395:
1393:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1371:
1369:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1345:
1343:
1333:
1329:
1320:
1318:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1296:
1294:
1286:Pinheiro, Bob.
1284:
1280:
1271:
1269:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1247:
1245:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1224:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1135:
1119:
1099:
1086:
1077:
1049:live television
1044:
1042:Television crew
1038:
1036:Production jobs
995:
986:
957:
913:
877:John F. Kennedy
843:
805:community radio
770:
750:
707:
705:
485:Photojournalism
354:Interventionism
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2444:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2406:
2405:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2210:New Journalism
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2180:Human-interest
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2160:Digital/Online
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1964:Sensationalism
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1933:code of ethics
1926:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1885:News presenter
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1774:
1768:
1755:
1749:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1694:
1670:
1645:
1621:
1590:
1583:
1563:
1538:
1518:
1503:
1477:
1452:
1445:
1427:
1420:
1402:
1378:
1353:
1327:
1303:
1278:
1254:
1244:. 12 June 2006
1229:
1222:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1118:
1115:
1098:
1095:
1085:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1040:Main article:
1037:
1034:
1010:Meteorologists
994:
991:
985:
982:
976:setting where
956:
953:
912:
909:
842:
839:
769:
766:
752:
751:
749:
748:
741:
734:
726:
723:
722:
721:
720:
715:
700:
699:
698:
697:
692:
687:
685:News presenter
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
649:
648:
644:
643:
642:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
603:
602:
596:
595:
594:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
530:
529:
525:
524:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
465:New Journalism
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
435:Human-interest
432:
427:
422:
417:
415:Digital/Online
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
347:
339:
338:
334:
333:
332:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
243:
242:
238:
237:
236:
235:
230:
225:
220:
218:Sensationalism
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
187:code of ethics
180:
170:
162:
161:
153:
152:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2443:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2381:News agencies
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2317:False balance
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2288:Fourth Estate
2286:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2275:Social impact
2273:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2235:Press release
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2195:Investigative
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2170:Fact-checking
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2135:Collaborative
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2007:Entertainment
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1919:Writing style
1917:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1880:Meteorologist
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1833:
1828:
1826:
1821:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1790:
1788:0-312-40906-0
1784:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1750:0-618-12857-3
1746:
1741:
1740:
1733:
1732:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1698:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1659:
1658:New York Post
1655:
1649:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1611:
1607:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1586:
1580:
1577:. MIT Press.
1576:
1575:
1567:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1528:
1522:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1504:9781118841679
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1481:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1448:
1446:9780313254772
1442:
1438:
1431:
1423:
1421:9780520250819
1417:
1413:
1406:
1392:
1388:
1382:
1367:
1363:
1357:
1342:
1338:
1331:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1293:
1289:
1282:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1243:
1239:
1233:
1225:
1219:
1216:. Routledge.
1215:
1214:
1206:
1202:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1160:Correspondent
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1081:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:teleprompters
1061:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1006:teleprompters
1003:
999:
990:
981:
979:
975:
971:
970:teleprompters
965:
962:
948:
944:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
908:
906:
905:breaking news
900:
896:
894:
890:
885:
882:
878:
873:
871:
867:
862:
860:
856:
852:
848:
838:
836:
832:
828:
823:
819:
817:
812:
810:
806:
801:
798:
795:
793:
788:
786:
781:
779:
778:sound on tape
775:
765:
762:
758:
747:
742:
740:
735:
733:
728:
727:
725:
724:
719:
716:
714:
704:
703:
702:
701:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
680:Meteorologist
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
652:
651:
650:
646:
645:
640:
637:
635:
634:News agencies
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
614:
610:
607:
606:
605:
604:
601:
598:
597:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
571:
570:False balance
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
541:Fourth Estate
539:
537:
534:
533:
532:
531:
528:Social impact
527:
526:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
490:Press release
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
450:Investigative
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
425:Fact-checking
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
390:Collaborative
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
355:
351:
348:
346:
343:
342:
341:
340:
336:
335:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
264:Entertainment
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
246:
245:
244:
240:
239:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
188:
184:
181:
178:
174:
173:Writing style
171:
169:
166:
165:
164:
163:
159:
155:
154:
151:
148:
147:
142:
138:
134:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2371:TV and radio
2303:Infotainment
2293:Fifth Estate
2190:Interpretive
2140:Comics-based
1890:Photographer
1778:
1759:
1738:
1715:. Retrieved
1711:the original
1706:
1697:
1686:. Retrieved
1682:
1673:
1662:. Retrieved
1660:. 2016-03-09
1657:
1648:
1637:. Retrieved
1633:
1624:
1613:. Retrieved
1609:
1573:
1566:
1555:. Retrieved
1553:. 2016-07-07
1550:
1541:
1530:. Retrieved
1521:
1486:
1480:
1469:. Retrieved
1467:. 2011-11-06
1464:
1455:
1436:
1430:
1411:
1405:
1394:. Retrieved
1390:
1381:
1370:. Retrieved
1368:. 2016-11-21
1365:
1356:
1344:. Retrieved
1340:
1330:
1319:. Retrieved
1315:
1306:
1295:. Retrieved
1291:
1281:
1270:. Retrieved
1266:
1257:
1246:. Retrieved
1241:
1232:
1212:
1205:
1180:News program
1145:Broadcasting
1120:
1100:
1097:Social media
1087:
1078:
1057:
1045:
1026:videographer
998:News anchors
996:
987:
966:
958:
925:camera angle
914:
901:
897:
886:
874:
870:World War II
866:Pearl Harbor
863:
851:World War II
844:
824:
820:
813:
802:
799:
796:
794:" is added.
789:
782:
776:" (VO) and "
771:
756:
755:
690:Photographer
624:TV and radio
556:Infotainment
546:Fifth Estate
445:Interpretive
395:Comics-based
369:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2250:Underground
2165:Explanatory
2092:Adversarial
2057:Video games
2012:Environment
1954:Attribution
1949:News values
1944:Objectivity
1875:Copy editor
1634:www.nab.org
1346:October 30,
1316:The Balance
1170:Media event
1121:The terms "
1060:lower third
891:) and CBS (
816:syndication
785:news anchor
774:voice-overs
768:Description
675:Copy editor
505:Underground
420:Explanatory
345:Adversarial
314:Video games
269:Environment
208:Attribution
203:News values
198:Objectivity
2415:Categories
2356:Newspapers
2348:News media
2313:Media bias
2215:Non-profit
2200:Multimedia
2120:Churnalism
2047:Technology
1959:Defamation
1906:Profession
1839:Journalism
1717:2018-10-05
1688:2017-11-11
1664:2017-11-11
1639:2017-11-11
1615:2019-03-26
1557:2017-10-06
1532:2017-10-06
1471:2016-11-02
1396:2016-11-02
1372:2016-10-30
1341:USNews.com
1321:2016-10-30
1297:2016-11-02
1272:2016-10-05
1248:2016-10-05
1197:References
1155:CNN effect
929:cable news
911:Television
835:Automation
609:Newspapers
600:News media
566:Media bias
470:Non-profit
455:Multimedia
375:Churnalism
304:Technology
213:Defamation
150:Journalism
80:newspapers
2366:Magazines
2283:Fake news
2205:Narrative
2185:Immersion
2145:Community
2116:Broadcast
1860:Columnist
1610:learn.org
1513:159123458
1123:fake news
1117:Fake news
1018:Reporters
993:News jobs
984:Education
917:newscasts
780:" (SOT).
761:broadcast
660:Columnist
619:Magazines
536:Fake news
460:Narrative
440:Immersion
400:Community
370:Broadcast
110:July 2016
2400:–
2376:Internet
2265:Watchdog
2155:Database
2112:Blogging
2107:Analytic
2097:Advocacy
2032:Politics
2022:Medicine
1997:Business
1133:See also
1107:Facebook
1103:Snapchat
881:CBS News
629:Internet
520:Watchdog
410:Database
365:Blogging
360:Analytic
350:Advocacy
289:Politics
279:Medicine
254:Business
2402:Outline
2245:Tabloid
2220:Opinion
2125:Citizen
2067:Weather
2052:Traffic
2037:Science
2017:Fashion
1939:Culture
1923:Five Ws
1865:Blogger
1366:Reuters
1125:" and "
1111:Twitter
935:(CNN),
841:History
665:Blogger
500:Tabloid
475:Opinion
380:Citizen
324:Weather
309:Traffic
294:Science
274:Fashion
193:Culture
177:Five Ws
94:scholar
2260:Visual
2240:Sensor
2083:Genres
2042:Sports
1929:Ethics
1870:Editor
1785:
1766:
1747:
1707:Medium
1581:
1511:
1501:
1443:
1418:
1220:
1109:, and
859:Hitler
855:London
670:Editor
515:Visual
495:Sensor
337:Genres
299:Sports
183:Ethics
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2255:Video
2225:Peace
2175:Gonzo
2130:Civic
2072:World
2027:Music
1984:Areas
1846:Roles
1509:S2CID
1069:grips
941:MSNBC
887:NBC (
831:niche
647:Roles
510:Video
480:Peace
430:Gonzo
385:Civic
329:World
284:Music
241:Areas
137:Photo
101:JSTOR
87:books
2150:Data
2002:Data
1992:Arts
1914:News
1783:ISBN
1764:ISBN
1745:ISBN
1579:ISBN
1499:ISBN
1441:ISBN
1416:ISBN
1348:2016
1218:ISBN
939:and
405:Data
259:Data
249:Arts
168:News
73:news
2062:War
1491:doi
1071:).
319:War
56:by
2417::
1705:.
1681:.
1656:.
1632:.
1608:.
1593:^
1549:.
1507:.
1497:.
1463:.
1389:.
1364:.
1339:.
1314:.
1290:.
1265:.
1240:.
1105:,
943:.
2362:)
2358:(
2319:)
2315:(
2103:)
2099:(
1935:)
1931:(
1925:)
1921:(
1831:e
1824:t
1817:v
1791:.
1772:.
1753:.
1720:.
1691:.
1667:.
1642:.
1618:.
1587:.
1560:.
1535:.
1515:.
1493::
1474:.
1449:.
1424:.
1399:.
1375:.
1350:.
1324:.
1300:.
1275:.
1251:.
1226:.
745:e
738:t
731:v
615:)
611:(
572:)
568:(
356:)
352:(
189:)
185:(
179:)
175:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)