1216:
2023:
48:
186:
893:(L&SWR) regarded this line as a significant incursion into their areas of operation. Likewise the acquisition of a line so remote from its main area of operation, and of doubtful profitability, caused heated discussion and the resignation of several directors, who felt that the company should rather secure its territory and develop services in Kent, as the LB&SCR was doing in Sussex. It would also ultimately bring about Macgregor's downfall. Nevertheless, in 1858 the GWR, L&SWR, and SER made a three-year agreement to share traffic and provide a connecting line between their stations at Reading. The line now (2015) forms part of the
1581:
829:
796:
768:(sometimes spelled McGregor or M'Gregor) to a new post combining the roles of Chairman and Managing Director. He exercised absolute power over the company for the next nine years, until he was ultimately forced to resign in 1854 and leave the Board in 1855. Macgregor's lack of accountability, his opaque and at times dubious working methods led to a number of strategic errors in the building of new lines and in the company's relations with its neighbours, which would have an adverse impact on the company for decades to come.
1160:, together with local receipts to Dover and Folkestone. It then re-allocated them to a formula which gave the SER two-thirds of the receipts in 1863, gradually reducing to one half in 1872. The agreement appeared to unduly favour the LCDR, particularly after 1870. It did not prevent competition as the railways could claim additional funds from the pool if they carried more than their proportion of customers. Both companies sought to get round the agreement โ the LCDR by establishing a Continental service from
68:
76:
1109:, extra platforms were needed to accommodate the service. The platforms were treated by the LB&SCR as a separate station, named "New Croydon", with its own ticket office, and ran exclusively LB&SCR services. This enabled the railway to offer cheaper fares from New Croydon to London than the SER which only had use of East Croydon station. The SER responded by gaining parliamentary approval to build its own
1830:
973:, was rejected by Parliament in 1847 due to financial considerations and never resurrected. One group of SER directors were anxious to 'close the capital account' and build no more lines, even though this might leave the field open to rival projects, as would later prove to be the case. As a result, there was no planned service to the north Kent towns to the east of the
938:
expansion by the SER. Under this agreement the LB&SCR, would share the line from
Bulverhythe to Hastings and transfer to the SER its rights to build a line to Ashford but at the same time it retained the right to use the Bricklayers Arms branch and construct its own 15-acre (61,000 m) goods depot on the site for a rent of one shilling (ยฃ0.05) per year.
2174:. In the latter month the pool was also joined by the L&BR. However all three railways felt themselves disadvantaged by the arrangement and in October 1844 the SER gave notice six months notice of withdrawal, which was later extended until 31 January 1846. The existing locomotives and carriages, and those on order, were divided between the three companies.
906:
L&BR and L&CR to form the LB&SCR in July 1846 created a powerful rival to the SER in areas of east Sussex and east Surrey not yet connected to the railway. Relations between the two companies were bad from the outset, especially at those sites where they shared facilities, such as the approaches to London Bridge,
2067:
were missing on the viaduct. As the lead vehicles left the line, the impact on the remaining beams caused the cast iron girders below to fracture, and most of the following vehicles left the viaduct and ended up in the River Beult some 15 feet (4.6 m) below. The foreman was indicted and convicted of
2210:
which enabled locomotives to burn cheaper coal without smoke, but were considerably more expensive to build and maintain. Cudworth also provided several sound locomotive types for the railway, but resigned in 1876 after Sir Edward Watkin ordered 20 express locomotives against
Cudworth's wishes, which
1469:
along this route in 1865, but its involvement had been opposed by the SER as being contrary to their agreement, and the scheme was abandoned during the 1867 financial crisis. However, following a revised agreement, the scheme was revived as a joint venture. Beyond Oxted the LB&SCR linked with its
1416:
branch line on 9 October 1874. The LCDR went bankrupt and was taken into administration 12 July 1866, and in 1867 the LB&SCR was also on the brink of bankruptcy. The directors and shareholders saw that constant quarrelling between the three companies had damaged their interests and began talks to
941:
The 1848/9 agreement did not prevent further squabbling between the two companies, notably with the opening of the railway from
Ashford to Hastings in 1851. The LB&SCR had originally sought to build it and then had attempted to delay its completion by the SER. In retaliation, the SER attempted to
507:
During 1843, before the main line was complete, the SER and the L&CR became anxious about the charges imposed by the L&GR for the use of the terminus at London Bridge and its approaches. Parliament had relaxed restrictions on new railways into London and so SER sought authority to construct a
1038:
over the SER line into London: instead the SER reluctantly agreed to handle London traffic from the line. Many SER directors were convinced the line would never be built, or would go bankrupt, and so took no interest in the scheme or in suggestions that the line should amalgamate with their railway.
2247:
tender classes. However his determination to maintain standardisation meant that the introduction of larger locomotives was delayed too long and the SER locomotive fleet was underpowered by 1899. As a result, future SE&CR locomotive practice was based on developing LCDR rather than SER designs.
1534:
interests are sacrificed to
Continental traffic.' Hamilton Ellis later described both the SER and the LCDR at this time as 'bywords of poverty stricken inefficiency and dirtiness'. In spite of these criticisms the shareholders stuck with their chairman, until they eventually realised that their own
1069:
A further serious strategic mistake was the refusal of the SER to accept the terms of the contract for the cross-channel carriage of mails in 1862, as this stipulated the use of Dover rather than
Folkestone. This enabled the LCDR, which had only reached Dover in 1861, to secure the contract and the
1843:
During the early 1890s competition between the SER and the LCDR reached ruinous proportions with both companies offering nearly identical services to and from the same towns, which inevitably lost money for both companies. However, following the resignation of Watkin in 1894, relations between the
1017:
the company
Secretary as 'not so much business as speech-making, that seemed to be the work of the Board.' It was during this period that there was a continuing failure to deal with underlying problems in the company, and its relationships with its neighbours together with further strategic errors
905:
During the first years, relations between the SER, L&CR and L&BR were cordial, with the companies pooling locomotives and forming a joint locomotive committee. However, all three considered they were disadvantaged by this arrangement and in 1845 gave notice of withdrawal. The merger of the
491:
station on 7 February 1844. This was originally a terminus, but in 1860 the line was continued to
Admiralty Pier. Thereafter the SER concentrated most of its resources into developing Folkestone Harbour, which became its principal base for cross-channel ferries. The company had complete control of
2066:
and her mother at the front of the train in a first-class carriage, which escaped complete derailment when the locomotive and tender left the track as a result of repairs to the line. Timber baulks under the track were being replaced but the foreman mis-read the timetable, and two lengths of rail
1552:
Some of the complaints of unpunctuality of the SER may have been exaggerated, or were at least soon remedied after Watkin's departure, since a statistical survey of the company's services conducted in 1895 by
William Acworth found that, with the exception of the heavily congested and difficult to
1421:
was presented to
Parliament to allow for co-operative working of railways of southern England (the SER, the LCDR, the LB&SCR and the L&SWR). However this failed at a late stage when Parliament sought to limit the fares charged by the SER to those of the LB&SCR, and the SER withdrew. A
1801:
As mentioned above, the line from London Bridge to
Charing Cross and Cannon Street was particularly congested and difficult to operate. During the early 1890s the SER was actively considering extending the Bricklayers Arms branch into Charing Cross and Cannon Street as a means of relieving this
1940:
One area where the SER did fail compared with the LB&SCR and the L&SWR was in developing effective services to the rapidly growing suburbs of south east London. This was probably due to an unwillingness to generate even more traffic through the very restricted entry pathway into London
1086:. The SER refused to allow the line to be leased to the LB&SCR, which in turn refused to re-open its station, delayed opening of the line for a year, and made the Caterham company bankrupt. The SER took over the line in 1859, but the LB&SCR made life difficult for passengers to London.
937:
Unsuccessful discussions took place regarding a merger of the two companies, but eventually an agreement on 10 July 1848 (ratified in Parliament in 1849) abolished tolls for using each other's lines and prevented further eastward expansion by the LB&SCR beyond Hastings and westward further
535:
of that railway. Thereafter further developments were at London Bridge, and following a shunting accident during August 1850 which caused the collapse of a large part of the station roof, the SER closed Bricklayers Arms terminus to passenger traffic in 1852 converting it into a goods facility.
1544:
the Company is now almost too weak to turn round and adopt a wise policy. It might become bankrupt in the process ; so the best thing to do is to leave it severely alone. Just as none travel by it who can find another route, so none should touch its common stocks who are free to do
2182:
The SER owned fifteen locomotives and had a further eleven on order at the formation of the 'London & Croydon and South Eastern Railways Joint Committee' in 1842. Ten locomotives were built by this committee, and a further 45 were either built or ordered by the enlarged
1539:
for June 1894 demonstrated how poorly Watkin's railways had performed financially compared to others, and referred to the SER's 'bitter hatred towards all but first-class travellers, their determined cultivation of the art of running empty coaches'. The article finished,
736:
and a single track railway had been added to form the Gravesend and Rochester Railway. The SER offered to buy the canal and railway in 1845, filled in the canal through the Higham to Strood tunnel and doubled the track. The first section (built by the SER) connected
942:
deny LB&SCR access to its station at Hastings. The matter was resolved in court in favour of the LB&SCR, but victory was short-lived as the following year the SER opened its lines from Tunbridge Wells, reducing the distance by rail to Hastings from London.
1945:
and London Bridge. The SER did however have the advantage of taking commuters far closer to the centres of business and commerce at Charing Cross and Cannon Street, whereas the LB&SCR and LS&WR deposited them south of the river Thames at London Bridge and
1529:
in London in 1883 demonstrated how unpopular the railway had become with its regular commuters. Ernest Foxwell, also writing in 1883, stated 'The great blots on the South Eastern are its unpunctuality, its fares, its third class carriages, and the way in which
388:
and Redhill. The SER gave way to this proposal as it reduced the construction costs, although it resulted in a route 20 miles (32 km) longer than by road, running south for 14.5 miles (23 km) and then turning east. It also meant that its trains from
1798:, in spite of public pressure in the 1880s. This line was eventually built as a private concern in 1895, and it was only after the original investors had gone bankrupt and Watkin had retired that the SER eventually agreed to incorporate it into its system.
1888:
Prior to 1862 the company carried international postal traffic. However, in 1862 they refused to renew the contract as it stipulated the Dover-Calais rather than the SER's preferred Folkestone-Boulogne route. As a result, the contract went to the LCDR.
1124:
Relations with the LB&SCR reached a low point in 1863, when the general manager and secretary had to report the history of relations between the companies since the agreement of 1848โ9. This set out the history although from the SER perspective.
1897:. Prior to that most freight on the system had either been products imported through the Channel ports, or else locally developed freight, such as farm produce travelling to London. The principal freight depot on the system was at Bricklayers Arms.
1813:. The line as far as Chipstead and Kingswood were built by the Chipstead Valley Railway from 1893 and opened in 1897. The extension to Tattenham Corner was built by the Epsom Downs Extension Railway from 1894. Both companies were acquired by the
417:
by 7 February 1844. On the same day the SER offered to lease the L&BR for 21 years at ยฃ100,000 per year, but the offer was turned down. Later that year, the SER refunded to the L&BR ยฃ430,000 and took ownership of the southern half of the
1867:
The quality of service of the SE&CR and the level of public estimation of its two constituent railways increased considerably during the next thirty-five years. The SER was however abolished on 1 January 1923 under the terms of the
1769:
Unlike the neighbouring LB&SCR, the SER failed to capitalise on the rapidly growing population of the South London suburbs during the 1870s and 1880s, and to develop effective suburban services. In particular, the area between the
2218:
was appointed Chief Mechanical Engineer on 28 March 1878. He modernised the locomotive stock and was responsible for the building or acquisition of 401 locomotives. Stirling designed some good quality locomotive classes, notably his
1817:., but the line to Tattenham Corner was not completed until 1901, after the working agreement with the LCDR. This line was in the territory of the LB&SCR but provided the railway with access to a proportion of the lucrative
1802:
congestion, but deferred making any decision to do so and ultimately the idea was dropped following the operating agreement with the LCDR in 1899, which provided the new 'joint railway' with two further pathways into London.
4541:
1892:
It was not until after the formation of the SECR Management Committee in 1899 that the company began to take the development of its freight traffic seriously, with the ordering of a powerful new freight
1407:
on 10 May 1866 and the subsequent financial crisis during the following year. This had a severe effect on expansion plans of several railways. No new lines were built by the SER until the opening of the
1761:. The branch line only had a twenty-year life-span as the stations were less conveniently sited than the LCDR alternatives. The LCDR main line was however re-aligned after 1911 to use the newer bridge.
2093:
killed three passengers. This accident also involved the LB&SCR signalman and was later judged to be partly the result of signalling error and poor communication, as well as the SER driver.
1639:
During the 1870s and the 1880s the railway attempted to exploit the potential of the East Kent coast as both holiday destinations and potential new channel ports. Thus branches were built from
1958:
The SER served an area with a long coastline within easy travelling distance of London. During the 1860s the railway was an important factor in the development of holiday destinations such as
2166:
of the railway was pooled with that of its neighbour and operated by the 'London & Croydon and South Eastern Railways Joint Committee'. The locomotives were then under the supervision of
401:
Construction began in 1838 at several places simultaneously, and the Shakespeare Tunnel was complete by May 1841 . The L&BR line to Redhill opened on 12 July 1841 and the SER line from
40:
4534:
516:, 'the making of Bricklayers Arms station was a matter of compulsion in driving the Greenwich people to reasonable terms'. Plans to extend from Bricklayers Arms to a new SER terminus at
1058:(LCDR) in 1859 and completed its rival route to Dover on 22 July 1861. By July 1863 the LCDR had its own independent route to Victoria, and in 1864 its own terminus on the edge of the
244:
There had been proposals for a railway between London and Dover in 1825, 1832 and 1835, but they came to nothing due to opposition from landowners or the difficulties of bridging the
2199:
was not added to stock. Between 1846 and 1898 the SER built or purchased 775 locomotives. Of these, 459 were running on 31 December 1898 when they were handed over to the SE&CR.
2697:
4778:
4527:
2715:
2595:
1501:, the first phase of which opened on 7 July 1881. Authorisation for line was first obtained in 1864, but no progress had been made by 1876, when local inhabitants sponsored a
877:
In 1846 the SER supported the formation of the Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway, a scheme to build a line connecting the London to Brighton main line at Redhill with the
2187:. The SER received 67 of these existing locomotives at the dissolution of the latter committee in 1846. Having decided to withdraw from the locomotive pool, the SER appointed
2671:
1880:
Throughout its independent existence, the SER was primarily a passenger rather than a freight railway, with passenger receipts accounting for more than 72% of its revenues.
1853:
4715:
1525:
During the 1880s and 1890s the SER was accused of only caring about Continental travellers and of neglecting the interests of its other customers. A series of letters to
2613:
2443:
253:
2191:
as Locomotive Superintendent on 22 May 1845. Four locomotives were acquired from the 'Gravesend and Rochester Railway in 1847, seven from the L&GR in 1848, but the
1553:
operate lines between London Bridge and Cannon Street and Charing Cross, the company did not perform significantly worse than others in London in terms of timekeeping.
544:
Over the next two decades the SER system spread throughout Kent and Surrey, building lines to connect towns to its main line or acquiring those already in existence.
2631:
2577:
2541:
2523:
2359:
4845:
2559:
1425:
Watkin had long-term ambitions for the SER to become one link in a chain of 'Watkin' railways from the industrial north of England to the Continent via a proposed
464:
from 1839 to 1844. From 1844 on, he was master of three vessels which steamed from Dover and Folkestone to Boulogne, Calais and Ostend with passengers and cargo:
4850:
2505:
989:
were circuitous and other towns had no railway at all. As a result of the railway's unwillingness to act, plans for an independent line from the SER station at
302:(L&GR) at Greenwich. The former left London in the wrong direction and then on a roundabout route. The latter provided a useful way for a northern route via
2487:
17:
393:
passed over the lines of three other companies: the L&GR to Corbett's Lane Junction, the L&CR as far as 'Jolly Sailor', and the L&BR to Merstham.
150:(LCDR) to the north-east. However, in 1899 the SER agreed with the LCDR to share operation of the two railways, work them as a single system (marketed as the
4621:
4347:
2377:
2121:. A ballast train had divided in a tunnel, and an express passenger train was allowed to enter due to an error by a signalman. Five platelayers were killed.
1982:
In May 1844 the SER organised the first of seven rail and ferry excursions that year from London to Boulogne which together carried more than 2,000 people.
1706:. However, there was by then already an LCDR line from Canterbury to Dover and so the new line did not attract much traffic. Likewise on 1 October 1892 the
357:. This was less direct than the northerly route but passed through easier country. It involved one significant 1,387-yard (1,268 m) tunnel through the
2737:
2403:
2128:
at the eastern end of Martello Tunnel brought down some 60,000 cubic yards (46,000 m) of chalk, killing three men. The line was closed for two months.
1297:
and Sevenoaks. The latter was the longest tunnel in southern England at 3,451 yards (3,156 m). This cut-off line, 24 miles (39 km) long, reached
2461:
2653:
2337:
4891:
4657:
2258:
2167:
1668:
556:, which had opened in 1830. This continued to be worked as an isolated line until the SER reached Canterbury from Ashford in 1846, with its line to
499:
In 1848 the SER served two steam ships a day between Folkestone and Boulogne, one a day between Dover and Calais, and one between Dover and Ostend.
4304:
287:
4871:
2026:
Borough Market Junction signal box, a South Eastern Railway Type design on display outside the station hall at the National Railway Museum, York.
1195:
In 1860 the LCDR had a more direct route to Dover than the SER, and both the company's rivals had access to a London terminus in the prosperous
1013:
Following Macgregor's resignation in 1854, there followed a decade of factionalism among the directors and equally poor management, described by
4886:
1392:
1018:
which weakened what might otherwise have been a profitable enterprise. One nickname for the SER in the 1860s was the Rattle and Smash Railway.
970:
677:
557:
384:
would be built by the L&BR but the SER would have the right to refund half the construction costs and own that part of the line between
4826:
1376:
2184:
1042:
In 1856 the EKR again unsuccessfully sought running powers over the SER into London, and then obtained powers to build its own route via
592:
Leasing the London and Greenwich Railway from 1 January 1845 gave the company control of its main line into London and provided a branch
154:) and pool receipts: but it was not a full amalgamation. The SER and LCDR remained separate companies until becoming constituents of the
1445:
One result of improved relations between the SER and the LB&SCR during the 1870s was that the two collaborated in construction of a
4901:
4109:
Foxwell, Ernest (September 1883). "English Express Trains: Their Average Speed, &c., with Notes on Gradients, Long Runs, &c".
3984:
2035:
The SER did not have a good safety record with a large number of both major and minor accidents throughout its independent existence.
1082:, which was built by an independent company in SER territory but connected to the railway network at the former LB&SCR station at
368:(L&BR) during 1837, pressure was put on the SER to divert its proposed route so it could also share the L&BR mainline between
1505:
their own bill, forcing the hand of the SER. In the event only the first phase (from Dunton Green to Westerham) was built, leaving a
4805:
1353:
930:
from the L&BR. Matters were further complicated in 1846 when the SER was empowered to build a line from its existing branch at
2050:. The locomotive and tender ran across the timber baulks to reach the far side, but the carriages were derailed and fell into the
4896:
4519:
143:
488:
4709:
4689:
1603:
1422:
further attempt to merge the SER and LCDR in 1875 failed when the latter withdrew after shareholders felt it favoured the SER.
841:
358:
208:
1215:
434:
In 1843, when the railway reached the edge of Folkestone, the company bought the silted and nearly derelict harbour, built by
4178:
4159:
4140:
3584:
681:
661:
957:
Between 1844 and 1858, the SER had a monopoly of rail transport in Kent, but served the north of the county poorly. The SER
4590:
1864:(SE&CR). This was not a true merger since each company kept its individual board of directors within the organisation.
4485:
1387:
This period of factionalism was eventually ended with the appointment of a new and able Chairman in March 1866. This was
954:, which ultimately led to the creation of an important rival in northern Kent and also for the Continental rail traffic.
1030:(EKR) from Strood to Canterbury, proposed in 1850 achieved parliamentary approval in 1853, and also for an extension to
1466:
1375:
and Liverpool Street from April 1880 until March 1884. From March to September 1884 the service ran from Addiscombe to
1273:
and Charing Cross, with interchange of traffic, but the scheme was abandoned as a result of the 1867 financial crisis.
481:
31:
4815:
4810:
4747:
4333:
4321:
4288:
4247:
4228:
4206:
2196:
1861:
1838:
1357:
1055:
553:
151:
147:
120:
1994:
to transport large numbers of working-class Londoners to towns and villages in Kent and East Sussex for the season.
4800:
4762:
4757:
4579:
2097:
1810:
1754:
1660:
1585:
1266:
1098:
1066:. For 36 years it would be an important competitor of the SER both for Continental and also local traffic in Kent.
890:
882:
833:
800:
525:
509:
423:
369:
342:
249:
190:
155:
496:
and the local town council, and the rail route from Boulogne to Paris was better developed than that from Calais.
203:
An Act for making a Railway from the London and Croydon Railway to Dover, to be called "The Southeastern Railway."
4881:
4694:
2772:
2022:
1947:
1758:
1703:
1699:
1664:
1475:
1169:
1094:
1051:
931:
633:
512:, for use by both railways, removing the need to use the Greenwich Railway. This opened 1 May 1844. According to
477:
1089:
The SER objected to the LB&SCR agreement with the East Kent Railway to provide access over its lines to its
520:, nearer the centre of London, were rejected by Parliament. Similarly, a revised proposal to extend the line to
290:
had said no further pathways would be permitted. The SER therefore considered routes to Dover from the proposed
2421:
2215:
2171:
1691:
in opposition to the existing LB&SCR service to the town.) However this line was not completed until 1902.
1631:
1471:
1172:
on the edge of Folkestone, which it claimed was not part of Folkestone, and from which it charged lower fares.
923:
753:
406:
291:
2131:
7 June 1884 โ A double-headed freight train ran into the rear of another freight train at Tub's Hill station,
1262:, which opened 1 September 1866. These extensions were difficult to operate and were congested at peak times.
869:
2475:
2139:
signalman was charged with causing their deaths. The trains were being worked under the time interval system.
2136:
1450:
1259:
1239:
1219:
1204:
1184:
1114:
1047:
733:
390:
236:
4030:
The South Eastern Railway: its passenger services, rolling stock, locomotives, gradients, and express speeds
1749:
Probably the most wasteful competitive venture by the SER was a second bridge over the river Medway between
3675:"Accident Returns: Extract for the Accident at Reading on 12th September 1855 :: The Railways Archive"
2090:
1490:
1317:
1251:
1243:
1102:
1097:
station (see below), and also for handling that company's freight traffic at 'Willow Walk', (a part of the
1063:
1043:
907:
299:
116:
115:
and other places in Kent. The SER absorbed or leased other railways, some older than itself, including the
47:
4772:
3687:
3579:
Christian Wolmar, Fire and steam: a new history of the railways in Britain, London, Atlantic Books, 2007
2767:
2762:
1844:
two companies gradually improved under his successors Sir George Russell (1895) and, most notably, under
1795:
1791:
1404:
1231:
919:
601:
365:
4102:
Report of the General Manager and Secretary of the relations of the South Eastern and Brighton Companies
2202:
Under Cudworth the railway was the largest British user of the experimental and ultimately unsuccessful
1848:(1897). Bonsor managed to persuade the two boards of governors to see sense and from 1 January 1899 the
531:
The L&GR was nearly bankrupt in 1844 and the SER leased its line from 1 January 1845. It became the
4484:
2282:
2118:
2104:
1932:
and Continental passenger traffic at the expense of its local services in Kent and the London suburbs.
1814:
1783:
1372:
1141:
1118:
950:
Macgregor's greatest strategic mistake was his failure to address the concerns of the proposers of the
440:
330:
1305:
and Sevenoaks (2 March 1868). The new main line opened on 1 May 1868 when the line reached Tonbridge.
4699:
2264:
2188:
2132:
1684:
1498:
1479:
1070:
following year would give it leverage when it came to negotiating the Continental Traffic Agreement.
994:
721:
597:
402:
4876:
2150:
2143:
1734:
1652:
1640:
1514:
1483:
1313:
1153:
927:
742:
738:
717:
685:
653:
609:
142:
Much of the company's early history saw attempts at expansion and feuding with its neighbours; the
4549:
816:
Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway (Connection with London and South Western Railway) Act 1849
4479:
Parliamentary Archives, Book of Reference relating to Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway Bill
3746:
3732:
3700:
3651:
3471:
C. Hamilton Ellis, British Railway History, Vol.1. 1830โ1876, George Allen and Unwin, 1954, p.41.
2111:
1598:
An Act for conferring further powers on the South Eastern Railway Company and for other purposes.
1371:
The line was principally used for freight across London but the SER introduced a service between
1157:
1106:
911:
689:
281:
132:
4478:
422:. Trains ran toll-free to both companies on this stretch but still had pay on the L&CR from
2207:
2107:
killed 11 people. An express train ran into the rear of a stationary train due to driver error.
2055:
1913:
1818:
1806:
1787:
1750:
1400:
1270:
1180:
1083:
990:
962:
725:
581:
453:
286:
At the time of inauguration there were two potential rail pathways south from London, and the
4409:
Statement of the projects of the South-Eastern Railway Company before Parliament, session 1847
2887:
1368:. Over the next four years it was converted to railway use and connected with existing lines.
1183:
from its line near Gravesend to a new port on the across the Medway from Queenborough, called
1136:. Following the dispute with the LB&SCR over New Croydon (see below) an extension of this
918:, and the LB&SCR had inherited plans for a line into mid-Kent from the L&CR, and from
4704:
4684:
4679:
4641:
4626:
4601:
4568:
4384:
3674:
1593:
1454:
1349:
1223:
1176:
878:
749:
629:
521:
438:
in 1809, for ยฃ18,000. The SER dredged the harbour and, after a trial with the paddle steamer
198:
60:
2894:. Vol. VI. London: Groombridge, Weale, Wiley, Putnam, Galignani. July 1843. p. 253
1168:, which was outside the scope of the agreement. Similarly, the SER built a local station at
1050:. The EKR secured running powers over the LB&SCR lines into Pimlico and, after 1860, to
4343:
3988:
3440:
Searle, MV (1983) Lost Lines: Anthology of Britain's Lost Railways, New Cavendish Books P43
3431:
Searle, MV (1983) Lost Lines: Anthology of Britain's Lost Railways, New Cavendish Books P42
2270:
2192:
1695:
1648:
1409:
1396:
1361:
1078:
A new and protracted dispute with the LB&SCR took place between 1855 and 1862 over the
982:
765:
701:
2162:
Between March 1842, shortly before the SER began to run its services, and March 1844, the
456:
company to provide a ferry to Boulogne. The following year it established the independent
8:
4493:
2203:
2011:
1502:
1486:. Authority for construction of these lines was granted in 1878 and they opened in 1884.
1434:
1418:
645:
4397:
4737:
4514:
4454:
4298:
3606:
2007:
1967:
1905:
1852:
was formed to oversee joint working, with Bonsor as its chairman. On 5 August 1899 the
1775:
1309:
1196:
569:
419:
314:, except that lengthening the line beyond Greenwich was blocked by opposition from the
136:
2317:. In 1854 the SER took over the South Eastern & Continental Steam Packet Company.
508:
branch from Corbett's Lane to a new temporary passenger terminus and goods station at
4651:
4631:
4509:
4460:
4353:
4329:
4284:
4243:
4224:
4202:
4174:
4155:
4136:
3580:
1869:
1235:
1133:
1027:
951:
748:
In 1852 a freight branch was constructed from this line at Charlton to the Thames at
697:
517:
493:
315:
295:
889:
was completed 4 July 1849, and in 1852 was absorbed by SER. Both the LB&SCR and
732:
on 30 July 1849. The second half between Gravesend and Strood had been built as the
4752:
3531:
2302:
1857:
1779:
1726:
1707:
1680:
1608:
1403:
in France. However his appointment was quickly followed by the collapse of bankers
1365:
1333:
900:
894:
886:
846:
665:
656:
on 1 February 1852. By this time Hastings had already been reached by the SER in a
649:
513:
373:
265:
213:
4504:
1778:
became well populated at this time, but the SER was reluctant to build a proposed
712:
As the SER was prevented from extending its Greenwich line, it opened a secondary
4767:
4742:
4646:
4636:
4450:
3652:"Accident at Bricklayers Arms on 11th December 1844 :: The Railways Archive"
3612:
2276:
2206:
type with twenty examples built between 1847 and 1851. He also patented a double-
2059:
1928:
As mentioned above, the SER was accused during the 1880s of concentrating on its
1920:
was not discovered until 1890 and only developed in the early twentieth century.
1771:
1656:
1644:
1165:
1137:
1110:
1002:
958:
713:
693:
605:
381:
307:
303:
104:
1824:
4456:
The Railways of Great Britain and Ireland Practically Described and Illustrated
4093:
Bradshaw's Railway Manual, Shareholder's Guide, and Official Directory for 1867
3617:
3613:"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)"
1917:
1688:
1489:
As a part of the same scheme, the SER at last began to implement plans for the
1426:
1247:
1059:
1035:
752:, used for landing coal. A line opened on 18 June 1856 up the Medway valley to
657:
593:
532:
435:
326:
1912:
provided some minerals traffic, but again it was only after the foundation of
1725:
Similarly the company also obtained Parliamentary Powers to build a line from
1513:(then still under construction) were never completed due to opposition in the
79:
Railway lines in Kent, SER lines can be seen alongside LCDR, LBSCR, etc. lines
39:
4865:
4464:
2163:
1509:
rather than a through route. The remaining four miles (6 km) to the new
1388:
1337:
1230:
The SER converted part of London Bridge to through platforms and extended to
1079:
1014:
641:
637:
621:
350:
52:
4357:
1308:
Construction of the main line provided the opportunity to build an improved
460:, which it absorbed in 1853. James Broadbridge Monger was the master of the
361:
near Dover. This was the route first chosen by the SER at its inauguration.
333:(L&CR), which planned to use L&GR lines as far as Corbett's Lane in
4551:
2892:
The Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal โ Scientific and Railway Gazette
2351:
2074:
Other significant accidents involving multiple fatalities were as follows:
2068:
2063:
1909:
1894:
1845:
1711:
1621:
1494:
1161:
974:
859:
573:
245:
226:
67:
4280:
4265:
4039:
Locomotive and train working in the latter part of the nineteenth century
2241:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2051:
2047:
1805:
One of the last branch lines to be incorporated into the SER was between
1738:
1506:
1413:
1345:
1298:
1290:
1152:
The SER and the LCDR agreed to pool Continental traffic receipts between
600:. Further eastward extension was not possible due to opposition from the
319:
2153:
due to incorrect use of signalling equipment, three persons were killed.
4497:
4427:
The London Brighton and South Coast Railway: 2 Establishment and growth
4364:
3733:"Accident at Chartham on 9th October 1894 :: The Railways Archive"
2294:
2043:
2039:
1991:
1929:
1510:
1446:
1430:
998:
986:
965:
into London had opened in 1849. A plan to continue this line as far as
410:
380:. Under the scheme proposed by Parliament, the railway from Croydon to
354:
334:
311:
112:
95:
from 1836 until 1922. The company was formed to construct a route from
4075:
The Locomotives of the London Brighton and South Coast Railway. Part I
3747:"Accident at St Johns on 21st March 1898 :: The Railways Archive"
3688:
http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/eventsummary.php?eventID=2209Accident
2062:
narrowly avoided severe injury, or even death. He was travelling with
664:, which opened 13 February 1851. From this line was a short branch to
4216:
2685:
1730:
1719:
1715:
1526:
1302:
1294:
1286:
1282:
1129:
625:
577:
405:
on 26 May 1842, when SER train services began. The main line reached
377:
346:
4418:
The London Brighton and South Coast Railway: 1 Origins and formation
3701:"Accident at Chilham on 30th June 1858 :: The Railways Archive"
2038:
One of the most notable accidents occurred on 9 June 1865, when the
1833:
A sketch map of the SER at the time of the creation of the SE&CR
1021:
2391:
2125:
1971:
1963:
1942:
1199:
while the SER only had its terminal on the south side of the river
915:
449:
445:
385:
108:
2314:
2010:
was installed throughout the SER by 1848. These were sold to the
1959:
1462:
1341:
1090:
978:
966:
426:
to Corbett's Lane Junction, and the L&GR into London Bridge.
338:
272:, which shortly afterwards changed to the South Eastern Railway.
92:
1429:. His plans for a Channel Tunnel were ultimately blocked by the
1332:
In 1865 the SER joined a consortium of six railways to form the
901:
Early relations with the London Brighton and South Coast Railway
604:, but it was eventually opened in 1878 when the line joined the
75:
4436:
A regional history of the railways of southern England: Vol. II
2645:
2310:
2306:
2083:
1901:
1860:
c. clxviii) was passed, which resulted in the formation of the
1321:
1255:
1242:
which opened on 11 January 1864. When the LCDR built a line to
1200:
1175:
Following establishment of a LCDR service from Queenborough to
729:
128:
96:
56:
3229:. No. 25282. London. 5 September 1865. col A, p. 10.
2014:
for ยฃ200,000 in 1870 (equivalent to ยฃ24,170,000 in 2023).
1073:
492:
Folkestone whereas at Dover it had to negotiate with both the
476:. In December 1848 it opened a steeply graded branch from the
364:
During parliamentary discussions on the proposed route of the
4406:
2395:
2298:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2223:
1854:
South Eastern and London, Chatham and Dover Railways Act 1899
1850:
South Eastern and Chatham Railways Joint Management Committee
1825:
South Eastern and Chatham Railways Joint Management Committee
1031:
414:
131:
and the London suburbs, with a long cross-country route from
100:
4728:
1008:
759:
2078:
11 December 1844 the boiler explosion of locomotive No. 78
1997:
1210:
124:
2293:
The South Eastern Railway operated a number of ships from
1101:
goods facility). Further difficulties between occurred at
707:
1829:
1461:
in 1866 reduced services to and from the growing town of
771:
4670:
4505:
The South Eastern & Chatham Railway Society (SECSOC)
2434:
Sold in 1882 to Barrow Steam Navigation Co Ltd, renamed
2096:
12 September 1855 โ a collision between two trains near
1671:(19 June 1884). (In 1897 the SER obtained powers in the
1535:
interests were suffering as well. A scathing article in
1276:
539:
4349:
Official Illustrated Guide to the South-Eastern Railway
4084:
The Locomotives of the London Chatham and Dover Railway
1517:
and the difficult terrain between Westerham and Oxted.
1147:
1132:
opened in 1857, becoming the temporary terminus of the
345:
could provide access to a southerly route to Dover via
275:
4459:(2nd ed.). London: John Weale. pp. 405โ413.
3028:
3026:
1437:, chairman of the LCDR for having urged the decision.
547:
318:, and this route would involve tunnelling through the
4104:. McCorqudale & Co for the South Eastern Railway.
3418:
3416:
3040:
3038:
1222:
before it was built over with offices with the later
4846:
History of rail transport in Great Britain 1923โ1947
3337:
3335:
1990:
By the 1870s, the South Eastern Railway was running
1556:
615:
458:
South Eastern & Continental Steam Packet Company
3637:
3635:
3480:"'Progress' on the South-Eastern Railway'" (1894),
3023:
3016:
3014:
2873:
2871:
2825:
2823:
1465:. The LB&SCR had supported a plan to build the
1301:on 1 July 1865, but took three more years to reach
1105:in 1862. With completion of the LB&SCR line to
671:
51:The South Eastern Railway's former headquarters in
4266:London Brighton & South Coast Railway (1867).
4048:The Board of Trade and the Kentish railway schemes
3413:
3035:
2933:Topham's railway time-table and guide (1848), p.7.
2929:
2927:
2146:due to an error by a crossing keeper killed seven.
1281:The SER therefore constructed the direct line via
914:. Also the SER had long wanted to build a line to
4014:. No. 23205. London. 29 May 1845. p. 7.
3332:
2114:due to a mechanical failure killed three persons.
2071:, and served 6 months hard labour for his crime.
1478:, while the SER joined its original main line to
1022:East Kent and London Chatham & Dover Railways
4863:
4342:
4187:
3632:
3532:"Epsom Downs Branch โ Early History (1865โ1928)"
3401:London Brighton & South Coast Railway (1867)
3011:
2868:
2820:
2135:. Both crew of the first train were killed. the
2082:caused a bridge collapse near Bricklayers Arms,
1916:in 1900 that this was developed. Similarly, the
1382:
1190:
429:
396:
32:Southeast (disambiguation) ยง Rail transport
4275:McRae, Burnham S.G., C.P.; et al. (1973).
2924:
2416:Sold in 1903 to British Central Africa Co Ltd.
2211:subsequently proved to have been unsuccessful.
783:Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway Act 1846
692:on 1 December 1846. A further branch from this
4326:A Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers
4311:
4045:
1440:
1393:Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway
945:
4612:
4535:
4099:
3529:
2251:
676:During 1846 the SER opened another secondary
632:opened 20 September 1845. It was extended to
71:Railways in the South East of England in 1840
4303:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4188:Heap, Christine; van Riemdijk, John (1980).
4111:Journal of the Statistical Society of London
4086:. Railway Correspondence and Travel Society.
4077:. Railway Correspondence and Travel Society.
4068:. Railway Correspondence and Travel Society.
4066:The Locomotives of the South Eastern Railway
3599:
3360:"Railway And Other Companies, East London".
2988:Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle
1348:on the south. The other partners were: the
502:
4379:. The Railway Publishing Company Ltd. 1912.
3218:
2185:Brighton, Croydon and Dover Joint Committee
2017:
1935:
1074:Continued bad relations with the LB&SCR
4851:List of companies involved in the grouping
4542:
4528:
1520:
1265:On 16 August 1866 the SER agreed with the
1179:in 1876, the SER was allowed to build the
885:, and agreed to operate its services. The
568:The first branch built by the SER was the
4399:The autobiography of Samuel Smiles, LL. D
4259:The South Eastern Railway and the S.E.C.R
4003:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3897:
3895:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3609:inflation figures are based on data from
2728:Sold in 1863 to a Belgian owner, renamed
2046:ran onto a partly dismantled bridge near
1977:
1647:, (opened 9 October 1874); from Dover to
1009:Factionalism and bad management 1854โ1866
760:Early management of the company 1843โ1855
636:on 25 November 1846. By 1 September 1851
161:
91:) was a railway company in south-eastern
4892:Railway companies disestablished in 1923
4791:
4320:
4268:Report of the Committee of Investigation
4152:The South Eastern & Chatham Railways
4090:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3855:
2888:"A trip to Boulogne and back in one day"
2021:
1998:Communications, signalling and accidents
1828:
1683:c. ccxxvii) to build a branch line from
1354:London, Brighton and South Coast Railway
1214:
1211:Charing Cross and Cannon Street Stations
1001:were made following a public meeting at
341:. A new connection on this line near to
74:
66:
46:
38:
4449:
4328:. Newton Abbot: David and Charles Ltd.
4196:
4168:
4124:The London, Chatham & Dover Railway
4108:
4081:
4072:
4063:
4027:
1694:On 4 July 1887 the railway opened the
708:Gravesend and Strood Lines (North Kent)
552:In 1844 the SER took over the bankrupt
524:in 1846 was rejected by a committee of
144:London Brighton and South Coast Railway
123:. Most of the company's routes were in
14:
4872:Pre-grouping British railway companies
4864:
4424:
4415:
4407:South-Eastern Railway Company (1847).
4395:
4256:
4237:
4100:Eborall, C.W.; Smiles, Samuel (1863).
4036:
1327:
772:Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway
18:Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway
4887:Railway companies established in 1836
4523:
4433:
4383:
4369:The South Eastern and Chatham Railway
4274:
4215:
4201:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.
3852:
3610:
3098:Heap & van Riemdijk (1980), p.70.
2002:
1923:
1632:Text of statute as originally enacted
1417:merge or to work together. In 1868 a
1399:, as well as being a director of the
1344:on the north bank of the Thames with
1277:Orpington cut-off & Dartford Loop
1187:. The line opened in September 1882.
870:Text of statute as originally enacted
563:
540:Secondary main lines and branch lines
409:on 1 December 1842; the outskirts of
248:near its mouth. On 21 June 1836, the
237:Text of statute as originally enacted
4389:History of the South Eastern Railway
4363:
4314:History of the Southern Railway: v.1
4261:. South Godstone: The Oakwood Press.
4149:
4130:
4121:
4054:
3453:, 20 Sep 25 Sep, and 8 October 1883.
2710:Acquired in 1854, scrapped in 1881.
2666:Acquired in 1854, scrapped in 1886.
2626:Acquired in 1854, scrapped in 1881.
2608:Acquired in 1854, scrapped in 1884.
2518:Acquired in 1854, scrapped in 1881.
2177:
2117:16 December 1864 โ a collision near
1744:
1148:Continental Traffic Agreement (1863)
1093:station and later the jointly owned
764:In September 1845 the SER appointed
276:Choice of route from London to Dover
103:. Branch lines were later opened to
27:British pre-grouping railway company
4091:Bradshaw, George & Co. (1867).
3422:Heap and van Riemdijk (1980), p.72.
1883:
1659:, which opened 15 June 1881); from
1549:Watkin retired shortly afterwards.
548:Canterbury & Whitstable Railway
24:
4806:London, Brighton & South Coast
4515:The London & Greenwich Railway
4443:
3813:Bradley (1963), pp. 43, and 44โ53.
2142:9 October 1894 โ a collision near
1953:
1497:on its new main line to Oxted via
1467:Surrey and Sussex Junction Railway
25:
4913:
4902:1923 disestablishments in England
4816:South Eastern and Chatham Railway
4811:London, Chatham and Dover Railway
4472:
4242:. Southborough: The Baton Press.
2197:Canterbury and Whitstable Railway
2110:30 June 1858 โ a derailment near
1875:
1862:South Eastern and Chatham Railway
1839:South Eastern and Chatham Railway
1764:
1557:Later branches and proposed lines
1358:London, Chatham and Dover Railway
1056:London, Chatham and Dover Railway
1034:in 1855, but it failed to secure
616:Tunbridge Wells and Hastings Line
587:
554:Canterbury and Whitstable Railway
444:, which also demonstrated that a
152:South Eastern and Chatham Railway
148:London, Chatham and Dover Railway
121:Canterbury and Whitstable Railway
43:The South Eastern Railway's crest
4510:The London & Croydon Railway
4402:. New York: E.P.Dutton & Co.
4391:. London: Railway Press Co. Ltd.
4010:"Launch of an Iron Steam-ship".
3987:. The Ships List. Archived from
3843:
3834:
3825:
3816:
2157:
1811:Tattenham Corner railway station
1586:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1579:
1389:Edward (later Sir Edward) Watkin
1324:. This opened 1 September 1866.
1267:London and North Western Railway
891:London and South Western Railway
834:Parliament of the United Kingdom
827:
801:Parliament of the United Kingdom
794:
672:Ramsgate, Margate and Deal Lines
510:Bricklayers Arms railway station
424:Norwood Junction railway station
250:Parliament of the United Kingdom
191:Parliament of the United Kingdom
184:
4057:Railways of the Southern Region
3985:"South Eastern Railway Company"
3807:
3798:
3789:
3780:
3771:
3762:
3753:
3739:
3725:
3716:
3707:
3693:
3681:
3667:
3658:
3644:
3590:
3573:
3564:
3555:
3546:
3523:
3514:
3505:
3496:
3487:
3474:
3465:
3456:
3443:
3434:
3425:
3404:
3395:
3386:
3377:
3368:
3353:
3350:Bradshaw (1867), Appendix p.17.
3344:
3323:
3314:
3305:
3296:
3287:
3278:
3269:
3260:
3251:
3242:
3233:
3209:
3200:
3191:
3182:
3173:
3164:
3155:
3146:
3137:
3128:
3119:
3110:
3101:
3092:
3083:
3074:
3065:
3056:
3047:
3002:
2993:
2981:
2972:
2963:
2954:
2945:
2936:
2915:
2906:
2880:
2773:Rail transport in Great Britain
1293:by summits and long tunnels at
376:, and then travel eastwards to
288:Speaker of the House of Commons
270:South Eastern and Dover Railway
4897:1836 establishments in England
4591:London, Midland & Scottish
4377:The Railway Year Book for 1912
4352:, London: W.H. Smith and Son,
4197:Hewison, Christian H. (1983).
4169:Greaves, John Neville (2008).
2859:
2850:
2841:
2832:
2811:
2802:
2793:
2784:
2089:21 August 1854 a collision at
1985:
1675:South Eastern Railway Act 1897
1568:South Eastern Railway Act 1897
1453:on the main Brighton line and
1269:to build a joint line between
1250:in 1865, the SER built a new
1121:), which opened 1 April 1864.
325:The engineer of the new line,
292:London and Southampton Railway
260:South Eastern Railway Act 1836
173:South Eastern Railway Act 1836
13:
1:
4312:Dendy Marshall, C.F. (1963).
4190:Pre-grouping railways. Part 2
2969:South Eastern Railway (1847).
2778:
2149:21 March 1898 โ Collision at
1391:who was also chairman of the
1383:Chairmanship of Edward Watkin
1260:Cannon Street railway station
1191:Improvements to the main line
1117:to a new station at Croydon (
1048:Bromley South railway station
734:Gravesend and Rochester Canal
452:was feasible, arranged for a
430:Folkestone and Dover harbours
397:Construction of the main line
337:before turning south towards
268:. c. lxxv) incorporating the
4425:Turner, J.T. Howard (1978).
4416:Turner, J.T. Howard (1977).
4199:Locomotive Boiler Explosions
4171:Sir Edward Watkin, 1819-1901
3713:Nock (1961), pp. 85, 154โ55.
3484:, XIV. June 1894, pp. 343โ9.
2951:Dendy Marshall (1963) p. 32.
2091:East Croydon railway station
2030:
1244:Ludgate Hill railway station
1103:East Croydon railway station
1044:St Mary Cray railway station
688:with a branch from there to
572:on 24 September 1844, from
300:London and Greenwich Railway
146:(LBSCR) in the west and the
117:London and Greenwich Railway
7:
4748:Glasgow & South Western
4277:The Rural Landscape of Kent
4223:. Redruth: Atlantic Books.
3690:at Lewisham on 28 June 1857
2756:
1718:was opened and extended to
1441:Oxted & Westerham Lines
1405:Overend, Gurney and Company
1289:. It involved crossing the
946:Closing the capital account
366:London and Brighton Railway
329:, was also engineer of the
10:
4918:
4801:London & South Western
4763:London & North Western
4758:Lancashire & Yorkshire
4580:London & North Eastern
4021:
3293:Eborall and Smiles (1863).
2942:Turner (1977) pp. 192โ204.
2644:Sold in 1874 to Wilhelms,
2252:Locomotive superintendents
2214:After a brief interregnum
2058:killed ten passengers and
1836:
1757:(opened July 1891) and to
1561:United Kingdom legislation
1336:, which used the existing
1128:A branch from Lewisham to
971:Ashford to Canterbury Line
809:United Kingdom legislation
776:United Kingdom legislation
331:London and Croydon Railway
279:
166:United Kingdom legislation
29:
4838:
4790:
4727:
4669:
4611:
4559:
4554:British railway companies
4240:Down the line to Hastings
4221:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 3
4133:The South Eastern Railway
4028:Acworth, William (1895).
3768:Bradley (1963), pp. 7โ13.
3374:Greaves (2008), pp.104โ5.
3284:Turner (1978), pp. 240โ1.
3071:Greaves (2008), pp.103โ4.
1685:Crowhurst railway station
1630:
1620:
1615:
1602:
1592:
1578:
1573:
1566:
977:. Likewise SER routes to
920:Bulverhythe (St Leonards)
868:
858:
853:
840:
826:
821:
814:
793:
788:
781:
503:Bricklayers Arms terminus
235:
225:
220:
207:
197:
183:
178:
171:
4438:. London: Phoenix House.
4411:. South Eastern Railway.
3759:Bradley (1969), pp.26โ8.
3664:Hewison (1983) pp.27โ28.
3449:'Letters to the Editor'
3266:Bradley (1979), pp. 4โ6.
3248:Smiles (1905), pp.235โ6.
3197:Smiles (1905), pp.233โ4.
3053:Bradshaw (1867), p. 306.
2288:
2193:only original locomotive
2151:St Johns railway station
2018:Signals and signal boxes
1936:London suburban services
1782:, including stations at
1457:. The completion of the
1433:, and suspicion fell on
1039:They were proved wrong.
969:where it would join the
745:to the railway network.
704:was opened 7 July 1847.
580:. This was continued to
489:Dover (later Dover Town)
4695:Great North of Scotland
4396:Smiles, Samuel (1905).
4059:. Patrick Stephens Ltd.
4055:Body, Geoffrey (1984).
4046:Board of Trade (1845).
3849:Marshall (1978), p.206.
3795:Baxter (1977). pp.67โ8.
3611:Clark, Gregory (2017).
3257:White (1961), pp.39โ40.
3161:Turner (1978) pp.29โ34.
2978:Turner (1977), pp.201โ3
2799:Bradshaw (1867), p.305.
2390:Sold in 1899 to Scott,
2112:Chilham railway station
1753:leading to a branch to
1521:Unpopularity of the SER
1258:and a city terminus at
634:Tunbridge Wells Central
298:, or from the existing
282:South Eastern Main Line
4882:Rail transport in Kent
4238:Jewell, Brian (1984).
4173:. The Book Guild Ltd.
4082:Bradley, D.L. (1979).
4073:Bradley, D.L. (1969).
4064:Bradley, D.L. (1963).
3840:Bradley (1961), p.119.
3831:Marshall (1978), p.62.
3804:Bradley (1963), p.120.
3530:Adrian Wymann (2007).
3462:Foxwell (1883), p.530.
3032:Bradley (1963) pp.2โ3.
2999:White (1961), pp.16โ8.
2960:Board of Trade (1845).
2817:White (1961), pp.26โ7.
2265:James I'Anson Cudworth
2233:tank classes, and his
2056:Staplehurst rail crash
2027:
1978:Continental excursions
1914:Blue Circle Industries
1904:industry based around
1834:
1819:Epsom Downs Racecourse
1687:to its own station at
1401:Chemins de fer du Nord
1271:Euston railway station
1227:
1181:Hundred of Hoo Railway
582:Strood railway station
370:Jolly Sailor (Norwood)
162:Origins of the company
80:
72:
64:
44:
4821:South Eastern Railway
4257:Kidner, R.W. (1953).
4150:Gray, Adrian (1995).
4131:Gray, Adrian (1990).
4126:. Meresborough Books.
4122:Gray, Adrian (1985).
4037:Ahrons, E.L. (1953).
3561:Nock (1961), pp.56โ7.
3311:Nock (1961), pp.57โ8.
3179:Turner (1978), p.222.
3152:Turner (1977), p.222.
3143:Turner (1977), p.278.
3044:Bradley (1963), p.37.
2865:Turner (1977), p.171.
2856:Turner (1977), p.185.
2790:Sekon (1895), pp.2โ3.
2699:Queen of the Belgians
2474:Sold in 1863, became
2086:and killed two staff.
2025:
1992:Hop Pickers' Specials
1832:
1815:South Eastern Railway
1722:on 4 September 1893.
1657:jointly with the LCDR
1350:Great Eastern Railway
1218:
1177:Flushing, Netherlands
1054:. The EKR became the
879:Great Western Railway
413:by 28 June 1843; and
85:South Eastern Railway
78:
70:
61:London Bridge station
50:
42:
4487:March 1843 Timetable
4434:White, H.P. (1961).
4041:. Cambridge: Heffer.
3822:Nock (1987), pp.7โ8.
3570:Bradley (1980), p.8.
3502:White (1961), p. 36.
3482:The Investors Review
3341:Bradley (1963), p.3.
3320:White (1961), p.47-9
3302:Bradley (1963) p. 3.
3239:Nock (1961), p.46-7.
3134:Turner (1978), p.31.
3125:Bradley (1963), p.7.
3089:White (1961), p.127.
2921:Body (1989), pp.96โ7
2912:Bradley, (1963), p.2
2838:White (1961), pp.28.
2829:Bradley (1963), p.2.
2423:Duchess of Edinburgh
2271:Alfred Mellor Watkin
1537:The Investors Review
1482:Tunbridge Wells and
1397:Metropolitan Railway
1362:Metropolitan Railway
1144:was opened in 1864.
1142:Addiscombe (Croydon)
1080:Caterham branch line
728:on the banks of the
644:and was extended to
628:to the outskirts of
420:Croydon-Redhill line
403:Redhill to Tonbridge
30:For other uses, see
4773:North Staffordshire
4700:Hull & Barnsley
4550:The "Big Four" pre-
4429:. London: Batsford.
4420:. London: Batsford.
4154:. Middleton Press.
4135:. Middleton Press.
4032:. Cassell & Co.
3786:Baxter (1977) p.67.
3777:Baxter (1977) p.69.
3641:Sekon (1895), p.19.
3596:Sekon (1895), p.30.
3552:Sekon (1895), p.27.
3520:White (1961), p.64.
3511:Sekon (1895), p.36.
3392:Turner (1978) p.262
3364:. 2 September 1869.
3329:Sekon (1893), p.26.
3170:Sekon (1895), p.13.
3116:Kidner (1953), p.9.
3107:White (1961), p.39.
3008:Bradley (1963) p.2.
2847:White (1961), p.30.
2717:Queen of the French
2597:Princess Clementine
2350:Wrecked in 1893 at
2204:Crampton locomotive
2105:Lewisham rail crash
2103:28 June 1857 โ the
2012:General Post Office
1667:(1 April 1883) and
1643:near Folkestone to
1435:James Staats Forbes
1334:East London Railway
1328:East London Railway
881:(GWR) main line at
158:on 1 January 1923.
3607:Retail Price Index
3275:White (1961), p.57
3206:Nock (1961), p.45.
3188:White (1961) p.38.
3080:Nock (1961), p.20.
3062:Gray (1990), p.21.
3020:Bradley (1963) p.2
2877:White (1961), p.55
2808:Sekon (1895), p.3.
2750:Scrapped in 1895.
2572:Scrapped in 1890.
2536:Scrapped in 1899.
2500:Scrapped in 1903.
2028:
2008:Electric telegraph
2003:Electric telegraph
1968:St Leonards-on-Sea
1924:Passenger services
1835:
1776:Dartford Loop Line
1645:Hythe and Sandgate
1379:Whitechapel Road.
1356:(LB&SCR), the
1228:
1226:initials retained.
1197:West End of London
750:Angerstein's Wharf
602:Greenwich Hospital
570:Medway Valley Line
564:Medway Valley Line
478:Folkestone station
137:Reading, Berkshire
81:
73:
65:
45:
4859:
4858:
4494:Bradshaw's Guides
4180:978-1-85776-888-6
4161:978-1-901706-08-6
4142:978-0-906520-85-7
4050:. Board of Trade.
3722:Hoole (1982), p7.
3585:978-1-84354-629-0
3225:"Country Races".
2754:
2753:
2673:Princess of Wales
2590:Scrapped in 1886
2554:Scrapped in 1900
2456:Scrapped in 1904
2178:Steam locomotives
2124:January 1877 โ a
1870:Railways Act 1921
1858:62 & 63 Vict.
1745:Chatham extension
1696:Elham Valley Line
1681:60 & 61 Vict.
1637:
1636:
1609:60 & 61 Vict.
1574:Act of Parliament
1459:Orpington cut-off
1236:Hungerford Bridge
1134:East Kent Railway
1028:East Kent Railway
952:East Kent Railway
875:
874:
847:12 & 13 Vict.
822:Act of Parliament
807:
806:
789:Act of Parliament
584:on 18 June 1856.
518:Hungerford Bridge
359:Shakespeare Cliff
266:6 & 7 Will. 4
242:
241:
214:6 & 7 Will. 4
179:Act of Parliament
16:(Redirected from
4909:
4793:
4730:
4672:
4614:
4604:
4599:
4593:
4588:
4582:
4577:
4571:
4566:
4544:
4537:
4530:
4521:
4520:
4501:
4491:
4468:
4451:Whishaw, Francis
4439:
4430:
4421:
4412:
4403:
4392:
4380:
4372:
4371:. Ian Allan Ltd.
4360:
4344:George S. Measom
4339:
4317:
4316:. Ian Allan Ltd.
4308:
4302:
4294:
4271:
4262:
4253:
4234:
4212:
4193:
4184:
4165:
4146:
4127:
4118:
4105:
4096:
4087:
4078:
4069:
4060:
4051:
4042:
4033:
4016:
4015:
4012:The Morning Post
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3996:
3981:
3850:
3847:
3841:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3823:
3820:
3814:
3811:
3805:
3802:
3796:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3778:
3775:
3769:
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3760:
3757:
3751:
3750:
3743:
3737:
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3729:
3723:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3697:
3691:
3685:
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3678:
3671:
3665:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3625:
3603:
3597:
3594:
3588:
3577:
3571:
3568:
3562:
3559:
3553:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3527:
3521:
3518:
3512:
3509:
3503:
3500:
3494:
3491:
3485:
3478:
3472:
3469:
3463:
3460:
3454:
3447:
3441:
3438:
3432:
3429:
3423:
3420:
3411:
3410:White (1961), 49
3408:
3402:
3399:
3393:
3390:
3384:
3383:White (1961), 48
3381:
3375:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3330:
3327:
3321:
3318:
3312:
3309:
3303:
3300:
3294:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3276:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3258:
3255:
3249:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3222:
3216:
3215:Nock (1961), 48.
3213:
3207:
3204:
3198:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3180:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3162:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3144:
3141:
3135:
3132:
3126:
3123:
3117:
3114:
3108:
3105:
3099:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3081:
3078:
3072:
3069:
3063:
3060:
3054:
3051:
3045:
3042:
3033:
3030:
3021:
3018:
3009:
3006:
3000:
2997:
2991:
2990:(25 August 1850)
2985:
2979:
2976:
2970:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2943:
2940:
2934:
2931:
2922:
2919:
2913:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2866:
2863:
2857:
2854:
2848:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2830:
2827:
2818:
2815:
2809:
2806:
2800:
2797:
2791:
2788:
2684:Sold in 1910 to
2478:blockade runner
2320:
2319:
1974:in East Sussex.
1884:Freight services
1780:Bexleyheath Line
1708:Hawkhurst Branch
1677:
1676:
1583:
1582:
1569:
1564:
1563:
1515:House of Commons
1366:District Railway
1238:to a station at
1107:Victoria station
1099:Bricklayers Arms
1052:Victoria Station
895:North Downs Line
831:
830:
817:
812:
811:
798:
797:
784:
779:
778:
658:roundabout route
533:Greenwich branch
514:Charles Vignoles
374:Earlswood Common
262:
261:
188:
187:
174:
169:
168:
156:Southern Railway
21:
4917:
4916:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4907:
4906:
4877:History of Kent
4862:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4834:
4786:
4723:
4665:
4622:Alexandra Docks
4607:
4597:
4596:
4586:
4585:
4575:
4574:
4564:
4563:
4555:
4552:nationalisation
4548:
4483:
4475:
4446:
4444:Further reading
4375:
4336:
4296:
4295:
4291:
4250:
4231:
4209:
4181:
4162:
4143:
4024:
4019:
4009:
4008:
4004:
3994:
3992:
3991:on 16 June 2012
3983:
3982:
3853:
3848:
3844:
3839:
3835:
3830:
3826:
3821:
3817:
3812:
3808:
3803:
3799:
3794:
3790:
3785:
3781:
3776:
3772:
3767:
3763:
3758:
3754:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3731:
3730:
3726:
3721:
3717:
3712:
3708:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3686:
3682:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3663:
3659:
3650:
3649:
3645:
3640:
3633:
3623:
3621:
3604:
3600:
3595:
3591:
3578:
3574:
3569:
3565:
3560:
3556:
3551:
3547:
3537:
3535:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3515:
3510:
3506:
3501:
3497:
3493:Acworth (1895).
3492:
3488:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3461:
3457:
3448:
3444:
3439:
3435:
3430:
3426:
3421:
3414:
3409:
3405:
3400:
3396:
3391:
3387:
3382:
3378:
3373:
3369:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3349:
3345:
3340:
3333:
3328:
3324:
3319:
3315:
3310:
3306:
3301:
3297:
3292:
3288:
3283:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3265:
3261:
3256:
3252:
3247:
3243:
3238:
3234:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3214:
3210:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3192:
3187:
3183:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3165:
3160:
3156:
3151:
3147:
3142:
3138:
3133:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3115:
3111:
3106:
3102:
3097:
3093:
3088:
3084:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3066:
3061:
3057:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3036:
3031:
3024:
3019:
3012:
3007:
3003:
2998:
2994:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2959:
2955:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2932:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2911:
2907:
2897:
2895:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2828:
2821:
2816:
2812:
2807:
2803:
2798:
2794:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2759:
2615:Princess Helena
2445:Duchess of York
2372:Scrapped 1899.
2291:
2277:Richard Mansell
2259:Benjamin Cubitt
2254:
2180:
2172:New Cross Depot
2168:Benjamin Cubitt
2160:
2098:Reading station
2060:Charles Dickens
2033:
2020:
2005:
2000:
1988:
1980:
1956:
1954:Holiday traffic
1938:
1926:
1886:
1878:
1841:
1827:
1772:North Kent Line
1767:
1747:
1700:Canterbury West
1674:
1673:
1588:
1580:
1567:
1562:
1559:
1523:
1476:Tunbridge Wells
1443:
1385:
1330:
1279:
1213:
1193:
1166:Isle of Sheppey
1150:
1119:Addiscombe Road
1076:
1024:
1011:
948:
932:Tunbridge Wells
903:
836:
828:
815:
810:
803:
795:
782:
777:
774:
766:James Macgregor
762:
710:
674:
650:Bopeep Junction
630:Tunbridge Wells
618:
606:North Kent Line
590:
566:
550:
542:
505:
487:The SER opened
470:Princess Helena
448:from London to
432:
399:
284:
278:
259:
258:
193:
185:
172:
167:
164:
105:Tunbridge Wells
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4915:
4905:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4853:
4848:
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4839:
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4835:
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4830:
4818:
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4782:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
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4745:
4740:
4734:
4732:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4719:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4690:Great Northern
4687:
4682:
4676:
4674:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4649:
4644:
4639:
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4609:
4608:
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4605:
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4572:
4560:
4557:
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4546:
4539:
4532:
4524:
4518:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4481:
4474:
4473:External links
4471:
4470:
4469:
4445:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4431:
4422:
4413:
4404:
4393:
4381:
4373:
4361:
4340:
4334:
4322:Marshall, John
4318:
4309:
4289:
4272:
4263:
4254:
4248:
4235:
4229:
4213:
4207:
4194:
4185:
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4160:
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4119:
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4088:
4079:
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4034:
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4002:
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3815:
3806:
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3761:
3752:
3738:
3724:
3715:
3706:
3692:
3680:
3666:
3657:
3643:
3631:
3618:MeasuringWorth
3598:
3589:
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3563:
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2792:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2768:Joshua Fielden
2765:
2763:Edward Chapman
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2694:
2693:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2650:
2649:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2484:
2483:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2440:
2439:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2400:
2399:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2356:
2355:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2329:Tonnage (GRT)
2327:
2324:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2283:James Stirling
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2253:
2250:
2216:James Stirling
2189:James Cudworth
2179:
2176:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2032:
2029:
2019:
2016:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1987:
1984:
1979:
1976:
1955:
1952:
1950:respectively.
1937:
1934:
1925:
1922:
1918:Kent coalfield
1885:
1882:
1877:
1876:Train services
1874:
1837:Main article:
1826:
1823:
1766:
1765:London suburbs
1763:
1746:
1743:
1689:Bexhill-on-sea
1635:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1547:
1546:
1522:
1519:
1472:East Grinstead
1442:
1439:
1427:Channel Tunnel
1384:
1381:
1329:
1326:
1278:
1275:
1248:City of London
1212:
1209:
1192:
1189:
1149:
1146:
1075:
1072:
1060:City of London
1036:running powers
1023:
1020:
1010:
1007:
947:
944:
902:
899:
873:
872:
866:
865:
862:
856:
855:
851:
850:
844:
838:
837:
832:
824:
823:
819:
818:
808:
805:
804:
799:
791:
790:
786:
785:
775:
773:
770:
761:
758:
754:Maidstone West
709:
706:
673:
670:
617:
614:
589:
588:Greenwich Line
586:
565:
562:
549:
546:
541:
538:
504:
501:
474:Princess Maude
436:Thomas Telford
431:
428:
398:
395:
327:William Cubitt
280:Main article:
277:
274:
240:
239:
233:
232:
229:
223:
222:
218:
217:
211:
205:
204:
201:
195:
194:
189:
181:
180:
176:
175:
165:
163:
160:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4914:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4837:
4829:
4828:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4789:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4726:
4718:
4717:
4713:
4712:
4711:
4710:North Eastern
4708:
4706:
4705:North British
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4685:Great Eastern
4683:
4681:
4680:Great Central
4678:
4677:
4675:
4668:
4660:
4659:
4655:
4654:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4642:Great Western
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4610:
4603:
4595:
4592:
4584:
4581:
4573:
4570:
4569:Great Western
4562:
4561:
4558:
4553:
4545:
4540:
4538:
4533:
4531:
4526:
4525:
4522:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4490:
4488:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4457:
4452:
4448:
4447:
4437:
4432:
4428:
4423:
4419:
4414:
4410:
4405:
4401:
4400:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4341:
4337:
4335:0-7153-7489-3
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4310:
4306:
4300:
4292:
4290:0-900947-37-3
4286:
4282:
4278:
4273:
4270:. LB&SCR.
4269:
4264:
4260:
4255:
4251:
4249:0-85936-223-X
4245:
4241:
4236:
4232:
4230:0-906899-05-2
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4208:0-7153-8305-1
4204:
4200:
4195:
4191:
4186:
4182:
4176:
4172:
4167:
4163:
4157:
4153:
4148:
4144:
4138:
4134:
4129:
4125:
4120:
4117:(3): 517โ574.
4116:
4112:
4107:
4103:
4098:
4095:. W.J. Adams.
4094:
4089:
4085:
4080:
4076:
4071:
4067:
4062:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4044:
4040:
4035:
4031:
4026:
4025:
4013:
4006:
3990:
3986:
3980:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3884:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3876:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3846:
3837:
3828:
3819:
3810:
3801:
3792:
3783:
3774:
3765:
3756:
3748:
3742:
3734:
3728:
3719:
3710:
3702:
3696:
3689:
3684:
3676:
3670:
3661:
3653:
3647:
3638:
3636:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3608:
3602:
3593:
3586:
3582:
3576:
3567:
3558:
3549:
3534:. Wymann.info
3533:
3526:
3517:
3508:
3499:
3490:
3483:
3477:
3468:
3459:
3452:
3446:
3437:
3428:
3419:
3417:
3407:
3398:
3389:
3380:
3371:
3363:
3356:
3347:
3338:
3336:
3326:
3317:
3308:
3299:
3290:
3281:
3272:
3263:
3254:
3245:
3236:
3228:
3221:
3212:
3203:
3194:
3185:
3176:
3167:
3158:
3149:
3140:
3131:
3122:
3113:
3104:
3095:
3086:
3077:
3068:
3059:
3050:
3041:
3039:
3029:
3027:
3017:
3015:
3005:
2996:
2989:
2984:
2975:
2966:
2957:
2948:
2939:
2930:
2928:
2918:
2909:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2874:
2872:
2862:
2853:
2844:
2835:
2826:
2824:
2814:
2805:
2796:
2787:
2783:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2655:Princess Maud
2652:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2633:Princess Mary
2630:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2579:Prince Ernest
2576:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2543:Mary Beatrice
2540:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2525:Louise Dagmar
2522:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2361:Albert Victor
2358:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2339:Albert Edward
2336:
2335:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2284:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2164:rolling stock
2158:Rolling stock
2152:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2137:Hildenborough
2134:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2024:
2015:
2013:
2009:
1995:
1993:
1983:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1933:
1931:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1896:
1890:
1881:
1873:
1871:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1831:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1633:
1629:
1626:6 August 1897
1625:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1572:
1565:
1554:
1550:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1451:South Croydon
1448:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:Thames Tunnel
1335:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1240:Charing Cross
1237:
1233:
1232:near Waterloo
1225:
1221:
1220:Charing Cross
1217:
1208:
1206:
1205:London Bridge
1202:
1198:
1188:
1186:
1185:Port Victoria
1182:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1115:New Beckenham
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1019:
1016:
1015:Samuel Smiles
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
955:
953:
943:
939:
935:
934:to Hastings.
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
898:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
871:
867:
863:
861:
857:
852:
848:
845:
843:
839:
835:
825:
820:
813:
802:
792:
787:
780:
769:
767:
757:
755:
751:
746:
744:
740:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
669:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
642:Robertsbridge
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
585:
583:
579:
575:
571:
561:
559:
555:
545:
537:
534:
529:
527:
523:
522:Waterloo Road
519:
515:
511:
500:
497:
495:
490:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
446:day excursion
443:
442:
437:
427:
425:
421:
416:
412:
408:
404:
394:
392:
391:London Bridge
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
283:
273:
271:
267:
263:
255:
251:
247:
238:
234:
230:
228:
224:
219:
215:
212:
210:
206:
202:
200:
196:
192:
182:
177:
170:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
138:
135:in Surrey to
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
77:
69:
62:
58:
54:
53:Tooley Street
49:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4825:
4820:
4794:constituents
4777:
4731:constituents
4714:
4673:constituents
4656:
4615:constituents
4496:– via
4486:
4455:
4435:
4426:
4417:
4408:
4398:
4388:
4376:
4368:
4348:
4325:
4313:
4276:
4267:
4258:
4239:
4220:
4198:
4189:
4170:
4151:
4132:
4123:
4114:
4110:
4101:
4092:
4083:
4074:
4065:
4056:
4047:
4038:
4029:
4011:
4005:
3993:. Retrieved
3989:the original
3845:
3836:
3827:
3818:
3809:
3800:
3791:
3782:
3773:
3764:
3755:
3741:
3727:
3718:
3709:
3695:
3683:
3669:
3660:
3646:
3622:. Retrieved
3616:
3601:
3592:
3575:
3566:
3557:
3548:
3536:. Retrieved
3525:
3516:
3507:
3498:
3489:
3481:
3476:
3467:
3458:
3450:
3445:
3436:
3427:
3406:
3397:
3388:
3379:
3370:
3361:
3355:
3346:
3325:
3316:
3307:
3298:
3289:
3280:
3271:
3262:
3253:
3244:
3235:
3226:
3220:
3211:
3202:
3193:
3184:
3175:
3166:
3157:
3148:
3139:
3130:
3121:
3112:
3103:
3094:
3085:
3076:
3067:
3058:
3049:
3004:
2995:
2987:
2983:
2974:
2965:
2956:
2947:
2938:
2917:
2908:
2898:16 September
2896:. Retrieved
2891:
2882:
2861:
2852:
2843:
2834:
2813:
2804:
2795:
2786:
2738:
2729:
2716:
2698:
2689:
2672:
2654:
2632:
2614:
2596:
2578:
2561:Napoleon III
2560:
2542:
2524:
2506:
2488:
2479:
2462:
2444:
2435:
2422:
2404:
2378:
2360:
2352:Cap Gris Nez
2338:
2292:
2281:1878 โ 1898
2275:1876 โ 1878
2269:1876 โ
2263:1845 โ 1876
2213:
2201:
2195:to work the
2181:
2161:
2100:killed five.
2079:
2073:
2069:manslaughter
2064:Nelly Ternan
2037:
2034:
2006:
1989:
1981:
1966:in Kent and
1957:
1939:
1927:
1910:Medway Towns
1899:
1895:SECR C class
1891:
1887:
1879:
1866:
1849:
1846:Cosmo Bonsor
1842:
1804:
1800:
1768:
1748:
1739:Loose Valley
1724:
1712:Paddock Wood
1693:
1672:
1638:
1622:Royal assent
1551:
1548:
1536:
1531:
1524:
1495:Dunton Green
1488:
1458:
1444:
1424:
1386:
1370:
1360:(LCDR), the
1331:
1318:Hither Green
1307:
1280:
1264:
1229:
1194:
1174:
1162:Queenborough
1151:
1127:
1123:
1088:
1077:
1068:
1064:Ludgate Hill
1041:
1025:
1012:
975:River Medway
956:
949:
940:
936:
908:East Croydon
904:
876:
864:26 June 1849
860:Royal assent
763:
747:
724:and then to
711:
675:
640:had reached
620:A secondary
619:
591:
574:Paddock Wood
567:
551:
543:
530:
506:
498:
486:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
439:
433:
400:
363:
324:
285:
269:
257:
246:River Medway
243:
231:21 June 1836
227:Royal assent
141:
88:
84:
82:
36:
4385:Sekon, G.A.
4281:Wye College
2690:Rio Uruguay
2507:Lord Warden
2476:Confederate
2257:โ 1845 โ
2052:River Beult
2048:Staplehurst
1986:Hop picking
1930:Boat trains
1796:Slade Green
1792:Bexleyheath
1704:Shorncliffe
1507:Branch line
1352:(GER), the
1346:Rotherhithe
1340:to connect
1299:Chislehurst
1291:North Downs
1170:Shorncliffe
666:Rye Harbour
466:Lord Warden
462:Water Witch
441:Water Witch
320:North Downs
4866:Categories
4738:Caledonian
4498:Wikisource
4365:Nock, O.S.
4217:Hoole, Ken
4192:. H.M.S.O.
2779:References
2688:, renamed
2489:Folkestone
2436:Manx Queen
2295:Folkestone
2119:Blackheath
2044:Folkestone
2040:boat train
1906:Swanscombe
1784:Blackheath
1669:New Romney
1611:c. ccxxvii
1594:Long title
1545:otherwise.
1511:Oxted Line
1431:War Office
1373:Addiscombe
1364:, and the
999:Canterbury
987:Canterbury
526:Parliament
411:Folkestone
355:Folkestone
335:Bermondsey
312:Canterbury
199:Long title
127:, eastern
113:Canterbury
4827:Full list
4779:Full list
4716:Full list
4658:Full list
4652:Taff Vale
4465:833076248
4299:cite book
3995:5 January
3451:The Times
3362:The Times
3227:The Times
2686:Argentina
2379:Alexandra
2326:Launched
2133:Sevenoaks
2080:Forrester
2031:Accidents
1821:traffic.
1755:Rochester
1731:Maidstone
1727:Appledore
1720:Hawkhurst
1716:Hope Mill
1665:Dungeness
1661:Appledore
1527:The Times
1499:Westerham
1480:Tonbridge
1470:lines to
1377:St Mary's
1303:Orpington
1295:Knockholt
1287:Tonbridge
1283:Sevenoaks
1254:over the
1130:Beckenham
1005:in 1850.
1003:Rochester
995:Faversham
849:c. xxviii
722:Gravesend
714:main line
678:main line
626:Tonbridge
622:main line
598:Greenwich
578:Maidstone
494:Admiralty
378:Tonbridge
347:Tonbridge
316:Admiralty
308:Rochester
304:Gravesend
296:Wimbledon
254:local act
252:passed a
216:. c. lxxv
4842:See also
4753:Highland
4632:Cambrian
4602:Southern
4453:(1842).
4387:(1895).
4367:(1961).
4358:25963337
4346:(1853),
4324:(1978).
4219:(1982).
3538:18 April
2757:See also
2739:Victoria
2480:Cornubia
2405:Boulogne
2392:Calcutta
2303:Boulogne
2144:Chartham
2126:landslip
1972:Hastings
1964:Ramsgate
1948:Waterloo
1943:Deptford
1941:between
1908:and the
1737:and the
1735:Headcorn
1653:Sandwich
1641:Sandling
1604:Citation
1484:Hastings
1449:between
1410:Sandling
1395:and the
1314:Dartford
1154:Hastings
1095:Victoria
928:Hastings
916:Brighton
887:new line
842:Citation
743:Dartford
739:Woolwich
718:Lewisham
686:Ramsgate
654:Hastings
638:the line
610:Charlton
558:Ramsgate
450:Boulogne
386:Merstham
294:line at
209:Citation
119:and the
109:Hastings
4768:Midland
4743:Furness
4647:Rhymney
4637:Cardiff
4022:Sources
2463:Eugenie
2315:Belgium
2208:firebox
1960:Margate
1759:Chatham
1463:Croydon
1342:Wapping
1246:in the
1234:, over
1164:on the
1158:Margate
1091:Pimlico
979:Margate
967:Chilham
924:Ashford
912:Redhill
883:Reading
698:Minster
690:Margate
682:Ashford
662:Ashford
482:harbour
480:to the
407:Ashford
382:Redhill
351:Ashford
343:Norwood
339:Croydon
133:Redhill
93:England
59:, near
4600:
4598:
4589:
4587:
4578:
4576:
4567:
4565:
4489:
4463:
4356:
4332:
4287:
4246:
4227:
4205:
4177:
4158:
4139:
3583:
2730:Saphir
2681:1,009
2646:London
2332:Notes
2311:Ostend
2307:France
2226:, and
2084:Surrey
2054:. The
1902:cement
1807:Purley
1788:Eltham
1751:Strood
1491:a line
1322:Sidcup
1256:Thames
1252:bridge
1201:Thames
1084:Purley
991:Strood
985:, and
963:Strood
910:, and
730:Medway
726:Strood
646:Battle
454:packet
310:, and
129:Sussex
97:London
57:London
4627:Barry
3624:7 May
3587:p.80.
2744:1861
2722:1845
2704:1844
2678:1898
2660:1844
2638:1844
2620:1847
2602:1846
2584:1845
2566:1865
2548:1882
2530:1880
2512:1847
2494:1878
2468:1862
2450:1895
2428:1880
2410:1878
2396:India
2384:1864
2366:1880
2344:1862
2323:Ship
2299:Dover
2289:Ships
2245:4-4-0
2238:0-6-0
2231:0-4-4
2224:0-6-0
2042:from
1710:from
1698:from
1616:Dates
1532:local
1493:from
1455:Oxted
1414:Hythe
1316:from
1310:route
1113:from
1032:Dover
961:from
854:Dates
716:from
696:from
680:from
660:from
624:from
415:Dover
221:Dates
101:Dover
4671:LNER
4461:OCLC
4354:OCLC
4330:ISBN
4305:link
4285:ISBN
4244:ISBN
4225:ISBN
4203:ISBN
4175:ISBN
4156:ISBN
4137:ISBN
3997:2010
3626:2024
3581:ISBN
3540:2007
2900:2018
2747:359
2725:215
2707:206
2663:187
2641:192
2623:302
2605:288
2587:248
2569:345
2551:803
2533:818
2515:308
2497:398
2471:426
2453:996
2431:812
2413:407
2387:203
2369:814
2347:365
2309:and
2297:and
2240:and
1970:and
1962:and
1900:The
1809:and
1794:and
1774:the
1733:via
1651:and
1649:Deal
1503:bill
1474:and
1447:line
1419:Bill
1320:via
1156:and
1138:line
1111:line
1046:and
1026:The
997:and
983:Deal
959:line
926:via
741:and
702:Deal
694:line
652:and
594:line
472:and
372:and
353:and
256:the
125:Kent
83:The
4729:LMS
4613:GWR
3605:UK
2301:to
2170:at
1729:to
1714:to
1702:to
1663:to
1412:to
1312:to
1285:to
1203:at
1140:to
1062:at
993:to
922:to
720:to
700:to
684:to
608:at
596:to
576:to
99:to
89:SER
4868::
4792:SR
4492:.
4301:}}
4297:{{
4283:.
4279:.
4115:46
4113:.
3854:^
3634:^
3615:.
3415:^
3334:^
3037:^
3025:^
3013:^
2926:^
2890:.
2870:^
2822:^
2732:.
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2648:.
2482:.
2438:.
2398:.
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2354:.
2313:,
2305:,
1872:.
1790:,
1786:,
1741:.
1224:SR
1207:.
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897:.
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612:.
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4293:.
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3749:.
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