293:
83:
351:
doctor to every 24,000 citizens, and one nurse per every 11,000. This has presented challenges in caring for refugees. Initially, refugees used to be given some land to farm and take care of their families but because of the huge increase in the number of refugees, the country can not do it anymore making to difficult for refugees to feed themselves. The presence of these refugees has not only made it because to provide land but water and shelter as well. In part, the struggle for food by refugees has resulted from officials working these camps misusing the funds meant for the refugees to enrich themselves instead. This has led to the investigation of some of these officials.
20:
325:. By this time, the virus had spread to more than 114 countries and had taken the lives of over 4,000 people. As of April 17, 2020, there are almost 2.2 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide, 55 confirmed cases in Uganda, 4 confirmed cases in South Sudan, and 287 confirmed cases in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. As healthcare professionals and researchers continue to learn more about the virus, various groups have come to public attention as high risk groups. One such group is refugees.
148:
caused by the persistent violence and fighting that has dominated the DR Congo. Many refugees enter Uganda through Lake Albert in the Ituri province of the DR Congo, which borders the northwest region of Uganda. Of the 900,000 refugees, almost 3% are children traveling alone; almost 2% are women at risk; and 0.2% are fleeing sexual- or gender-based violence.
329:
difficulties in accessing reliable and accurate information due to a variety of barriers. Further, refugees around the world heavily rely upon the aid of humanitarian groups, non-governmental organizations, and governments; due to the pandemic, these groups will be focusing their efforts and finances on the virus.
332:
In late March 2020, the
Ugandan government announced that it would formally suspend the acceptance of refugees and asylum seekers into the country as the number of confirmed cases increased. Many fear the death toll from COVID-19 in Uganda will increase exponentially should the virus be introduced to
328:
Refugees and otherwise displaced populations are particularly vulnerable because of the conditions in which they live. For example, many refugees live in camps or settlements with incredibly high population density and limited access to basic services. Refugees in camps and settlements also encounter
209:
The conflict in the Ituri province of the DR Congo is a result of fighting between the Hema and Lendu ethnic groups. This violence has persisted for years, though it recently worsened as the availability of weapons in the area increased. Since
September 2018, the Lendus have carried out an increasing
350:
Uganda, for all its hospitality, has struggled to handle the large inflow of refugees. These refugees come to the country needing medical care as many are sick or injured from their journey. This has placed a lot of pressure on health officials in the country. In Uganda, there is approximately one
337:
worry that the conditions of refugee settlements may enable the spread of the virus, as access to water is limited, and current food rations have been cut. Ugandan authorities have recently found it difficult to ensure that refugees are complying with the health and safety guidelines implemented by
300:
Last year, Uganda took in more refugees than any other country in the world. One of the major problems faced by the refugees is that most of these stranded people are children. Some of the challenges faced by refugees include agricultural productivity, information dissemination and distribution of
260:
Uganda currently hosts the greatest amount of refugees out of all the
African countries, which may be due to their open-door refugee policy. In fact, the country's government has made welcoming and caring for refugees an important part of its national policy. Uganda's approach to refugees involves
243:
in the DR Congo, with the most recent one beginning in August 2018 and continuing into the present. The current outbreak mostly effects the Ituri and North Kivu provinces, and the number of cases has officially surpassed 3,000. In July 2019, this outbreak was declared a public health emergency of
147:
As of the end of 2019, there are over 900,000 Congolese refugees being hosted in various
African countries, with over 40% currently in Uganda. The region of the DR Congo bordering Uganda is the place of origin for the vast majority of Congolese refugees. The massive influx of refugees is largely
151:
The presence of refugees in Uganda has had a positive influence on the rates of consumption and access to private education in the communities that host them. This is due to increased channels of commerce in areas where more refugees are present, and the policies enforced by non-governmental
261:
welcoming relatively anyone seeking refuge or asylum in the country, regardless of country of origin. They also allow refugees the freedom of movement and the right to pursue employment. Furthermore, refugee families are each given a piece of land so that they may benefit from agriculture.
194:
This conflict has resulted in the displacement of over 200,000 people and the destruction of many communities. Further, crucial facilities have been destroyed, including schools, hospitals, and clinics. As of August 2019, almost 2,000 civilians have been killed in this conflict.
119:
refugee settlement camps, located in the northwest region of the country. Additionally, South Sudan accounts for 62% of refugees in Uganda, while the
Democratic Republic of the Congo accounts for 29%.We have also refugee settlements in Uganda such as
342:, Uganda's State Minister for Disaster Preparedness, explains that this lack of compliance may be due to the fact that many refugees come from countries where the governments are not trusted; as such, submitting to authority is unusual and difficult.
39:, and associated economic crisis and political instability in the region. Uganda has relatively 'friendly' policies that provide rights to the refugees, such as rights to education, work, private property, healthcare and other basic social services.
30:
is one of the largest refugee-hosting nations in the world, with 1,529,904 refugees (as of 28 February 2022). The vast influx of refugees is due to several factors in Uganda's neighboring countries, especially war and violence in
221:
released a report declaring the ethnic violence in the Ituri province to be crimes against humanity. Hundreds of
Congolese seeking safety and stability cross into Uganda every day as a result of this conflict.
251:
The outbreak has slowed in 2020, with the last recorded case being confirmed on
February 17. This is the largest Ebola outbreak in the DR Congo, and is the second greatest Ebola outbreak recorded worldwide.
317:, China, with the earliest case reported on November 17, 2019. By January 13, 2020, the virus had spread from China to Thailand, marking the first case of COVID-19 outside of China. On March 11, 2020, the
292:
1283:
1173:
669:
1235:
225:
More than 700 people have been killed in this conflict, and hundreds are victims of sexual violence. The majority of these victims are from the Hema communities.
360:
898:
420:
1088:
1332:
1197:
469:
82:
1448:
175:, and currently takes form as a conflict between ethnic groups with political actors having a major influence. Armed groups from the Congolese
522:
334:
1356:
1030:
493:
1147:
365:
1259:
191:
borders the Kivu region. Many suggest that the conflict concerns control over land and resources, as Kivu is plentiful in minerals.
947:
767:
287:
1424:
1307:
210:
amount of violent attacks against the Hemas, with crimes ranging from killings, rapings, and destruction of crucial facilities.
1005:
395:
96:
296:
South
Sudanese refugees being served food. Many of the complaint of hunger due to the food rationing by World Food Program.
264:
Uganda has supported the
Democratic Republic of the Congo since the government intervened in the war torn country in 1998.
817:
871:
1399:
693:
Kreibaum, Merle (February 2016). "Their
Suffering, Our Burden? How Congolese Refugees Affect the Ugandan Population".
152:
organizations that allow for private education providers to be more common in areas with higher refugee populations.
738:
643:
444:
1488:
52:
1381:
1493:
1478:
116:
137:
129:
125:
112:
108:
36:
1211:
1498:
1483:
133:
121:
1284:"COVID-19 and the Displaced: Addressing the Threat of the Novel Coronavirus in Humanitarian Emergencies"
1056:
1112:
Clark, John F. (June 2001). "Explaining Ugandan intervention in Congo: evidence and interpretations".
217:
of the DR Congo condemned the inter-ethnic group violence as attempted genocide. In January 2020, the
19:
318:
245:
707:
370:
310:
283:
923:"Killings and violence targeting ethnic group in DR Congo 'may amount to crimes against humanity'"
872:"OHCHR | DRC: inter-ethnic violence in Ituri may constitute "crimes against humanity" – UN report"
1174:"The early days of a global pandemic: A timeline of COVID-19 spread and government interventions"
702:
792:
1449:"The U.N. found only 7,000 refugees, despite Uganda's claim that thousands more needed aid"
1236:"WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020"
8:
955:
644:"DRC Refugees Flooding Into Uganda to Escape Armed Conflict | Voice of America - English"
240:
234:
214:
981:
842:
670:"Thousands fleeing new Congo violence, Uganda refugee facilities dangerously stretched"
625:
1191:
1129:
1064:
720:
1121:
716:
712:
272:
1148:"Uganda: What are refugees' biggest needs in settlements across Uganda? - Uganda"
268:
172:
1382:"Uganda Welcomes More Refugees Daily Than Some in Europe Annually, Charity Says"
1357:"Refugees Defy COVID-19 Safety Measures in Uganda | Voice of America - English"
922:
218:
204:
171:
The conflict in the Kivu region of the DR Congo has persisted since before the
1125:
1472:
1133:
1068:
724:
375:
166:
1172:
Menokee, Dweepobotee Brahma, Sikim Chakraborty, and Aradhika (2020-04-02).
184:
47:
Most of the refugees in Uganda come from neighboring countries, especially
595:
571:
518:
339:
48:
32:
1425:"Uganda's open-door policy sags amid crush of refugees from South Sudan"
544:
421:"Open Borders: Uganda Is the Most Refugee-Friendly Country in the World"
445:"Uganda: UNHCR Operational Update, February 2022 - Uganda | ReliefWeb"
768:"In eastern Congo, a local conflict flares as regional tensions rise"
142:
322:
180:
72:
1333:"Fears in Uganda over coronavirus outbreak in refugee settlements"
1057:"As Rich Nations Close the Door on Refugees, Uganda Welcomes Them"
333:
the many refugee settlements. In addition, representatives of the
176:
68:
60:
56:
338:
the government in order to limit the spread of the coronavirus.
188:
104:
64:
27:
948:"Ebola | History of Ebola in Democratic Republic of the Congo"
899:"DR Congo president calls Ituri violence 'attempted genocide'"
314:
76:
1308:"Uganda suspends refugee arrivals as coronavirus cases rise"
1031:"Uganda stands out in refugees hospitality | Africa Renewal"
843:"DRC: IRIN Focus on Hema-Lendu conflict [19991115]"
183:, and Banyindu communities are fighting with the Rwandan
1006:"Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo"
818:"DR Congo: 1,900 Civilians Killed in Kivus Over 2 Years"
396:"Uganda now 3rd top refugee hosting nation in the world"
361:
Ministry of Disaster Preparedness and Refugees (Uganda)
16:
One of the largest refugee-hosting nations in the world
1089:"Uganda's Progressive Approach to Refugee Management"
494:"8 things you need to know about refugees in Uganda"
419:
Titz, Christoph; Feck (Photos), Maria (2017-09-13).
321:
officially recognized the outbreak of COVID-19 as a
1400:"At least a million South Sudan refugees in Uganda"
1010:European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
143:Refugees from the Democratic Republic of the Congo
418:
244:international concern by a representative of the
1470:
668:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for.
626:"The Democratic Republic of the Congo Situation"
739:"Rebellion and Conflict Minerals in North Kivu"
255:
55:. Uganda also has refugees from countries like
519:"Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal"
345:
277:
1196:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
986:Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International
239:Since 1976, there have been 10 outbreaks of
90:
470:"200,000 flee DR Congo fighting to Uganda"
1054:
706:
366:Sexual exploitation of refugees in Uganda
982:"DRC Ebola outbreak crisis update | MSF"
692:
304:
291:
81:
18:
1171:
309:The novel strain of coronavirus, named
288:Sexual exploitation of Ugandan refugees
86:Refugee Camps in South - Western Uganda
1471:
155:
1114:The Journal of Modern African Studies
1111:
976:
974:
972:
893:
891:
866:
864:
862:
762:
760:
758:
623:
619:
617:
615:
511:
228:
213:During the summer of 2019, President
97:List of Refugee settlements in Uganda
667:
566:
564:
198:
160:
13:
969:
888:
859:
755:
612:
14:
1510:
561:
1055:Goldstein, Joseph (2018-10-28).
624:UNHCR (November–December 2019).
53:Democratic Republic of the Congo
37:Democratic Republic of the Congo
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1417:
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1349:
1325:
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998:
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42:
717:10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.10.019
588:
537:
486:
462:
437:
412:
388:
1:
381:
335:United Nations Refugee Agency
256:Reasons for Coming to Uganda
7:
354:
346:Problems caused by refugees
10:
1515:
1264:gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com
281:
278:Problems faced by Refugees
266:
232:
202:
164:
103:Almost 50% of refugees in
1212:"WHO Timeline - COVID-19"
1126:10.1017/s0022278x01003615
793:"Kivu: The forgotten war"
319:World Health Organization
246:World Health Organization
91:Refugee Camps/settlements
371:South Sudanese Civil War
284:Refugee health in Uganda
1489:Refugees of South Sudan
797:The Mail & Guardian
1288:Refugees International
297:
87:
24:
1494:Immigration to Uganda
1479:Immigration to Africa
630:UNHCR Regional Update
305:COVID-19 and Refugees
295:
282:Further information:
267:Further information:
233:Further information:
203:Further information:
165:Further information:
85:
22:
1312:The New Humanitarian
847:www.africa.upenn.edu
772:The New Humanitarian
313:, first appeared in
1260:"ArcGIS Dashboards"
400:www.newvision.co.ug
235:Kivu Ebola epidemic
156:Reasons for Fleeing
107:are located in the
1499:Refugees in Uganda
1484:Refugees in Africa
1061:The New York Times
1012:. 14 December 2018
822:Human Rights Watch
572:"Country - Uganda"
545:"Country - Uganda"
525:. 31 December 2018
298:
229:The Ebola Outbreak
88:
25:
1337:www.aljazeera.com
1154:. 8 February 2018
1037:. 7 December 2018
903:www.aljazeera.com
695:World Development
199:Violence in Ituri
161:The Kivu Conflict
1506:
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1459:
1445:
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1421:
1415:
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1406:. 17 August 2017
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1020:
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954:. Archived from
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273:Second Congo War
215:Felix Tshisekedi
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958:on May 28, 2017
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653:
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648:www.voanews.com
642:
641:
637:
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613:
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600:urrms.opm.go.ug
594:
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576:data2.unhcr.org
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569:
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543:
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538:
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526:
517:
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503:
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498:www.amnesty.org
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269:First Congo War
258:
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173:First Congo War
169:
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1363:. 7 April 2020
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1120:(2): 261–287.
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650:. 15 July 2019
635:
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549:data.unhcr.org
536:
510:
500:. 19 June 2017
485:
461:
451:. 8 April 2022
436:
425:Spiegel Online
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219:United Nations
205:Ituri conflict
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1314:. 2020-03-25
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