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1519:. In order to maintain order and protect gun shops from looters, military patrols throughout the city were established, strengthened, and expanded. However, no special measures were taken to protect either the arm depots or gunpowder factories. For a time, those precautions seemed premature, but at 7:00 pm, with the coming of twilight, the fighting began. "Parisians, rather than soldiers, were the aggressor. Paving stones, roof tiles, and flowerpots from the upper windows... began to rain down on the soldiers in the streets". At first, soldiers fired warning shots into the air. But before the night was over, twenty-one civilians were killed. Rioters then paraded the corpse of one of their fallen throughout the streets shouting "
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1203:, also attended the Congress. Although France was considered an enemy state, Talleyrand was allowed to attend the Congress because he claimed that he had only cooperated with Napoleon under duress. He suggested that France be restored to her "legitimate" (i.e. pre-Napoleonic) borders and governments—a plan that, with some changes, was accepted by the major powers. France was spared large annexations and returned to its 1791 borders. The House of Bourbon, deposed by the Revolution, was restored to the throne in the person of
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to popular acclaim. During the ceremony, while presenting the King the keys to the city, the comte de
Chabrol, Prefect of the Seine, declared: "Proud to possess its new king, Paris can aspire to become the queen of cities by its magnificence, as its people aspire to be foremost in its fidelity, its devotion, and its love."
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a crowd of agitated people pass by and disappear, then a troop of cavalry succeed them... In every direction and at intervals... Indistinct noises, gunshots, and then for a time all is silent again so for a time one could believe that everything in the city was normal. But all the shops are shut; the
1348:'s ministry. The following day, Charles dissolved parliament, and alarmed the opposition by delaying elections for two months. During this time, the liberals championed the "221" as popular heroes, while the government struggled to gain support across the country, as prefects were shuffled around the
1316:
Because of what
Charles X's government perceived to be growing, relentless, and increasingly vitriolic criticism of both the government and the Church, it introduced a proposal at the Chamber of Deputies for a law to tighten censorship, especially of newspapers. The Chamber, for its part, objected so
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It was a hot, dry summer, pushing those who could afford it to leave Paris for the country. Most businessmen could not, and so were among the first to learn of the Saint-Cloud "Ordinances", which banned them from running as candidates for the
Chamber of Deputies. Such membership was indispensable to
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On 30 April, on the grounds that it had behaved in an offensive manner towards the crown, the king abruptly dissolved the
National Guard of Paris, a voluntary group of citizens formerly considered a reliable conduit between the monarchy and the people. Cooler heads were appalled: " would rather have
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On 16 September 1824, after a lingering illness of several months, the 68-year-old Louis XVIII died. As he was childless, his younger brother, Charles, aged 66, inherited the throne of France. He was known to have more reactionary politics. On 27 September
Charles X made his state entry into Paris
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The second matter, that of financial indemnities, was far more opportunistic than the first. Since the restoration of the monarchy, there had been demands from all groups to settle matters of property ownership in order to reduce, if not eliminate, the uncertainties in the real estate market. But
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Marmont lacked either the initiative or the presence of mind to call for additional troops from Saint-Denis, Vincennes, Lunéville, or Saint-Omer; neither did he ask for help from reservists or those
Parisians still loyal to Charles X. The Bourbon opposition and supporters of the July Revolution
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with the people of Paris, the king's relationship with the élite—both the
Bourbon supporters and Bourbon opposition—had remained solid. This, too, was about to change. On 12 April, propelled by both genuine conviction and the spirit of independence, the Chamber of Deputies roundly rejected the
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After signing the petition, committee members went directly to
Marmont to beg for an end to the bloodshed, and to plead with him to become a mediator between Saint-Cloud and Paris. Marmont acknowledged the petition, but stated that the people of Paris would have to lay down arms first for a
1412:
refused to lend money, and business owners shuttered their factories. Workers were unceremoniously turned out into the street to fend for themselves. Unemployment, which had been growing through early summer, spiked. "Large numbers of... workers therefore had nothing to do but protest."
1313:, the king was greeted with icy silence, and many of the spectators refused to remove their hats, the traditional sign of respect for the king. Charles X "later told Orléans that, 'although most people present were not too hostile, some looked at times with terrible expressions'."
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swarmed to his headquarters demanding the arrest of
Polignac and the other ministers, while supporters of the Bourbon and city leaders demanded he arrest the rioters and their puppet masters. Marmont refused to act on either request, instead awaiting orders from the king.
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were well organized and very well armed. In only a day and a night, over 4,000 barricades had been thrown up throughout the city. The tricolor flag of the revolutionaries – the "people's flag" – flew over buildings, an increasing number of them important buildings.
1275:, began a whispering campaign that Charles X was proposing this action in order to shame those opponents who had not left the country. Both measures, they claimed, were nothing more than clever subterfuge meant to bring about the destruction of the Charter of 1814.
1367:, dissolved the Chamber of Deputies, suspended the liberty of the press, excluded the commercial middle class from future elections, and called for new elections. On Monday 26 July, these decrees were published in the leading conservative newspaper in Paris,
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A few hours later, politicians entered the battered complex and set about establishing a provisional government. Though there would be spots of fighting throughout the city for the next few days, the revolution, for all intents and purposes, was over.
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Sire, it is no longer a riot, it is a revolution. It is urgent for Your
Majesty to take measures for pacification. The honour of the crown can still be saved. Tomorrow, perhaps, there will be no more time... I await with impatience Your Majesty's
1546:. These lanterns were hung on ropes looped-on-looped from one pole to another, as opposed to being secured on posts. The rioting lasted well into the night until most of them had been destroyed by 10:00 PM, forcing the crowds to slip away.
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It is hardly a quarter past eight, and already shouts and gun shots can be heard. Business is at a complete standstill.... Crowds rushing through the streets... the sound of cannon and gunfire is becoming ever louder.... Cries of
95:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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had fallen, even more quickly. Swiss troops of the Royal Army, confronted by the mob and under orders from Marmont not to fire unless fired upon, were withdrawn by their officers who feared a repetition of the massacre of
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Critics of the first accused the king and his new ministry of pandering to the Catholic Church, and by so doing of violating guarantees of equality of religious belief as specified in the Charter of 1814.
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1664:". From Polignac they received even less satisfaction. He refused to see them, perhaps because he knew that discussions would be a waste of time. Like Marmont, he knew that Charles X considered the
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was mostly loyal for the moment, but the attached line units were wavering: a small but growing number of troops were deserting; some merely slipping away, others leaving, not caring who saw them.
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1479:, wrote that evening: "the most perfect tranquility continues to reign in all parts of the capital. No event worthy of attention is recorded in the reports that have come through to me."
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1880:. Although the insurrection was crushed within less than a week, the July Monarchy remained doubtfully popular, disliked for different reasons by both Right and Left, and was eventually
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to be withdrawn. The petition was critical "not of the King, but his ministers", thereby countering the conviction of Charles X that his liberal opponents were enemies of his dynasty.
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Eight months later, the mood of the capital had sharply worsened in its opinion of the new king. The causes of this dramatic shift in public opinion were many, but the main two were:
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THE GREAT NUTCRACKER OF JULY 25th. In this caricature, Charles X attempts to break a billiard ball marked "charter" with his teeth, but finds the nut too hard to crack.
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has begun... in the situation in which we are now placed obedience has ceased to be a duty... It is for France to judge how far its own resistance ought to extend.
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Throughout the day, Paris grew quiet as the milling crowds grew larger. At 4:30 pm commanders of the troops of the First Military division of Paris and the
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1622:. This plan was both ill-considered and wildly ambitious; not only were there not enough troops, but there were also nowhere near enough provisions. The
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met to redraw the continent's political map. Many European countries attended the Congress, but decision-making was controlled by four major powers: the
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and available line units of the city garrison guard the vital thoroughfares and bridges of the city, as well as protect important buildings such as the
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and the First Empire of Napoleon—these indemnities to be paid to anyone, whether noble or non-noble, who had been declared "enemies of the revolution."
1749:, the king's widowed daughter in law and the mother of the heir to the throne, with feathers and flowers in his hair, screamed from a palace window: '
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That evening, when police raided a news press and seized contraband newspapers, they were greeted by a sweltering, unemployed mob angrily shouting, "
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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At 4 pm, Charles X received Colonel Komierowski, one of Marmont's chief aides. The colonel was carrying a note from Marmont to his Majesty:
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Two years later, Parisian republicans, disillusioned by the outcome and underlying motives of the uprising, revolted in an event known as the
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On Sunday, 25 July 1830, the king, with the agreement of Polignac, set out to alter the Charter of 1814 by decree. His decrees, known as the
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The Journalists and the July Revolution in France: The Role of the Political Press in the Overthrow of the Bourbon Restoration, 1827–1830
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had already ceased publication in compliance with the new law, nearly 50 journalists from a dozen city newspapers met in the offices of
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on 29 May 1825. In an elaborate ceremony the King swore both to uphold the Charter but also France's ancient "fundamental laws".
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upon hearing the news, "than have counseled such an act: the only further measure needed to cause a revolution is censorship."
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abdicated their rights to the throne and departed for Great Britain. Although Charles had intended that his grandson, the
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France... falls back into revolution by the act of the government itself... the legal regime is now interrupted, that of
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is almost completely dark, the stupefaction visible on every face reminds us all too much of the crisis we face....
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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settlement to be reached. Discouraged but not despairing, the party then sought out the king's chief minister,
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28 Juillet 1830: Premier Rassemblement des Citoyens et des Elèves de l'école Polytechnique Place du Panthéon
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Price, Roger (December 1974). "Legitimist Opposition to the Revolution of 1830 in the French Provinces".
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Perhaps for the same reason, royalists were nowhere to be found; perhaps another reason was that now the
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The revolution of July 1830 created a constitutional monarchy. On 2 August, Charles X and his son the
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and the Chamber of Deputies skyrocketed, and the popularity of the king and his ministry dropped. The
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pronounced this refusal "a victory over the forces of counter-revolutionaries and reactionism."
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vital to the safety and dignity of the throne of France. Thus, the King would not withdraw the
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1753:' ('I receive! I receive!') Others drank wine from the palace cellars." Earlier that day, the
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2351:(June 1989). "The Economic Crisis of 1827–32 and the 1830 Revolution in Provincial France".
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2553:(2012) pp 105–36; ten original documents in English translation regarding July Revolution
2385:(December 1983). "The 'Three Glorious Days': The Revolution of 1830 in Provincial France".
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violently that the humiliated government had no choice but to withdraw its proposals.
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In Paris, a committee of the Bourbon opposition, composed of banker-and-kingmaker
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Historical Dictionary of France from the 1815 Restoration to the Second Empire
1835:. Supporters of the exiled senior line of the Bourbon dynasty became known as
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Louis-Phillipe going from the Palais Royal to the HĂ´tel de Ville, 31 July 1830
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Despite public anger over the police raid, Jean-Henri-Claude Magin, the Paris
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Full Annals of the Revolution in France, 1830 ... Illustrated with engravings
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those who sought the ultimate in social prestige. In protest, members of the
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government's proposal to change the inheritance laws. The popular newspaper
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The provisions for financial indemnities for properties confiscated by the
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Pinkney, David H. (1961). "A New Look at the French Revolution of 1830".
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Fighting in Paris continued throughout the night. One eyewitness wrote:
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Up to this time, thanks to the popularity of the constitution and the
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Hero of Two Worlds: The Marquis de Lafayette in the Age of Revolution
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On 17 March 1830, the majority in the Chamber of Deputies passed a
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The king asked Polignac for advice, and the advice was to resist.
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2546:(1971) pp. 88–176. Primary sources translated into English.
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Political Imagery of the 1830 Revolution and the July Monarchy
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Populist religion and left-wing politics in France, 1830–1852
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had been sacked. A man wearing a ball dress belonging to the
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1830 overthrow of the Bourbons by the July Monarchy in France
1495:, a triggering event of the July Revolution. Paris, 27 July.
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The July monarchy: a political history of France, 1830–1848
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were ordered to concentrate their troops, and guns, on the
959:; the transition of power from the House of Bourbon to its
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924:("Three Glorious "), was a second French Revolution after
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Duc de Dolberg, Castellan, II, 176 (letter 30 April 1827)
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The Perilous Crown: France Between Revolutions, 1814-1848
1964:, studies of soldiers and a dead horse, 1830, Rijksmuseum
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The arrival of the duc d'Orléans (Louis Phillipe) at the
1526:" ("Death to the ministers! Down with the aristocrats!")
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Imposition of the death penalty for anyone profaning the
2504:"Die 1830er Revolution als europäisches Medienereignis"
2220:, III, 120; Fontaine II, 849 (letter of 9 August 1830).
1850:, commemorates the events of the Three Glorious Days.
1861:, leading to separation and the establishment of the
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In 1828, the city of Paris had installed some 2,000
1373:. On Tuesday 27 July, a revolution began in earnest
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Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
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Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
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Marie Amélie, 356; (17 April 1827); Antonetti, 527.
1781:were protected by the crowd—but the Tuileries, the
1583:, Duke of Ragusa, the on-duty Major-General of the
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1457:, a journalist, wrote in the next day's edition of
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3887:List of places named for the Marquis de Lafayette
2337:Newman, Edgar Leon, and Robert Lawrence Simpson.
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979:, and supporters of Louis Philippe were known as
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1596:Fight in front of the City Hall on 28 July 1830
2298:Collingham, Hugh AC, and Robert S. Alexander.
1857:in Brussels and the Southern Provinces of the
264:to the French throne and establishment of the
113:accompanying your translation by providing an
79:Click for important translation instructions.
71:expand this article with text translated from
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1379:, and ultimately ended the Bourbon monarchy.
975:. Supporters of the Bourbons would be called
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1865:. There was also a successful revolution in
1764:Tuileries had been stormed on 10 August 1792
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1329:my head cut off", wrote a nobleman from the
947:The 1830 Revolution marked a shift from one
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2544:Government and society in France, 1814–1848
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2019:Une Famille Parisienne (le 30 Juillet 1830)
2000:Une Famille Parisienne (le 28 Juillet 1830)
1021:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
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1853:This renewed French Revolution sparked an
1769:By mid-afternoon, the greatest prize, the
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4122:Michel du Motier, Marquis de La Fayette
4074:Lafayette in the Somewhat United States
3814:1824–25 Grand Tour of the United States
3640:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
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2319:(Second ed.). London: Thomas Tegg.
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1403:alluding to the July revolution of 1830
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1023:, represented by its Foreign Secretary
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2325:Citizen King: Life of Louis-Philippe
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2307:France and 1848: The end of monarchy
2072:La Presse Ă l'assaut de la monarchie
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53:
2295:(Princeton University Press, 2014).
2277:. Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard.
1447:" ("Down with the Bourbons!") and "
24:
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3931:Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.
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2266:
1573:Ă€ bas le roi!', 'Ă€ la guillotine!!
125:{{Translated|fr|Trois Glorieuses}}
25:
4227:
2589:
2302:. Longman Publishing Group, 1988.
1859:United Kingdom of the Netherlands
1688:Thursday, 29 July 1830: Day Three
4116:Georges Washington de La Fayette
3663:
2502:Schmidt-Funke, Julia A. (2011).
2007:
1988:
1969:
1954:
1935:
1929:Bibliothèque nationale de France
1913:
1894:
1550:Wednesday, 28 July 1830: Day Two
1171:
1160:
1149:
1138:
1122:
1113:
852:
837:
303:
210:painting of the July Revolution.
58:
34:July Revolution (disambiguation)
4007:Lafayette (We Hear You Calling)
2261:. New York: St. Martin's Press.
2211:
2198:
2189:
2180:
2167:
2154:
2145:
2129:Pinkey (1972), 83–84; Rémusat,
1606:Marmont's plan was to have the
1451:" ("Long live the Charter!").
2921:Government of National Defense
2242:. Princeton University Press.
2136:
2123:
2102:
2093:
2078:
2063:
2054:
2045:
1643:Georges Mouton, comte de Lobau
1491:Seizure of the presses of the
1483:Tuesday, 27 July 1830: Day One
1086:becomes new King of the French
123:You may also add the template
13:
1:
4049:(1997 documentary miniseries)
2830:Diplomatic Revolution of 1756
2825:War of the Spanish Succession
2514:Institute of European History
2238:The French Revolution of 1830
2089:. Pan Macmillan. p. 119.
2038:
1416:While newspapers such as the
1376:Les trois journées de juillet
1221:Bourbon Restoration in France
1201:Charles Maurice de Talleyrand
994:
3907:Lafayette Hill, Pennsylvania
3892:Fayetteville, North Carolina
3856:Château de la Grange-Bléneau
1789:, and other places as well.
1733:, by Jean-Baptiste Carbillet
7:
3765:Women's March on Versailles
2551:Liberté, Vol. II: 1827-1847
2026:
1762:that had occurred when the
1579:Charles X ordered Maréchal
1290:The popularity of both the
1199:France's foreign minister,
10:
4232:
4001:1825 Samuel Morse painting
3792:War of the First Coalition
3311:French subdivisions by GDP
3058:2022 presidential election
3043:2017 presidential election
2234:Pinkney, David H. (1972).
2227:
1887:
1697:Battle at the Rue de Rohan
1218:
1194:King Frederick William III
1167:Marie Joseph de La Fayette
1089:Start of the uprisings in
199:Liberty Leading the People
87:Machine translation, like
38:
31:
4144:Honorary U.S. citizenship
4131:
4100:
3993:
3875:
3842:
3806:
3736:
3672:
3661:
3646:
3572:
3462:
3372:
3363:
3259:
3250:
3152:
3143:
3081:
3072:
2993:
2874:
2843:
2815:Second Hundred Years' War
2766:
2719:
2686:
2665:
2657:Liberalism and radicalism
2609:
2600:
2469:10.1017/S0018246X00007895
2430:10.1017/s003467050002307x
2401:10.1017/S0018246X00012711
2367:10.1017/S0018246X00012176
1796:
1131:
1106:
1041:
1036:
987:supporting the return of
953:restored House of Bourbon
942:French Revolution of 1848
898:French Revolution of 1830
247:
239:
231:
223:
215:
190:
176:
73:the corresponding article
4206:Henri, Count of Chambord
4166:19th-century revolutions
4057:(2002 television series)
3965:Lafayette College statue
3728:Franco-American alliance
3086:Administrative divisions
2549:Olchar E. Lindsann, ed.
2341:(Greenwood Press, 1987)
2334:(1923) pp. 174–368.
1949:no. 3, 1830, Rijksmuseum
1908:no. 1, 1830, Rijksmuseum
1232:in coronation robes, by
914:Second French Revolution
662:
624:
454:
443:
422:
39:Not to be confused with
4030:La Révolution française
3755:National Guard (France)
3750:Estates General of 1789
3306:Franc (former currency)
2911:Coup of 2 December 1851
2884:Long nineteenth century
2509:European History Online
2273:Antonetti, Guy (2002).
2257:Mansel, Philip (2001).
2133:II, 313–314; Lendré 107
2070:Ledré, Charles (1960).
1524:Ă€ bas les aristocrates!
1383:The Three Glorious Days
1354:elections that followed
1344:, against the king and
1338:motion of no confidence
1080:End of Charles X's rule
949:constitutional monarchy
148:
134:For more guidance, see
18:Revolution of July 1830
4110:Adrienne de La Fayette
3787:Champ de Mars massacre
3718:Battle of Green Spring
3708:Battle of Rhode Island
3326:Science and technology
2983:Provisional Government
2952:
2931:
2791:
2456:The Historical Journal
2388:The Historical Journal
2354:The Historical Journal
2330:Lucas-Dubreton, Jean.
2313:Hone, William (1830).
2218:MĂ©moires d'outre-tombe
2195:Mansel (2001), p. 247.
2186:Mansel (2001), p. 245.
2177:(28 July 1830) p. 247.
2175:Paris en 1830, Journal
2162:Paris en 1830, Journal
2151:Mansel (2001), p. 239.
2142:Pickney (1972), p. 93.
2060:Mansel (2001), p. 200.
2051:Mansel (2001), p. 198.
1947:Souvenirs patriotiques
1925:Souvenirs patriotiques
1906:Souvenirs patriotiques
1812:
1734:
1713:
1703:
1682:
1603:
1577:
1563:
1540:
1496:
1471:
1404:
1375:
1325:
1236:
1132:Commanders and leaders
919:
909:
498:Valois-AngoulĂŞme kings
167:
160:considered for merging
4196:Insurgencies in Paris
4181:Wars involving France
3852:(birthplace and home)
3776:Fête de la Fédération
3703:Battle of Barren Hill
2491:Reid, Lauren (2012).
2259:Paris Between Empires
2208:, 33, (29 July 1830).
2164:(27 July 1830) p.244.
2120:Mansel (2001), p. 238
2085:Price, Munro (2010).
1804:
1777:—whose paintings and
1751:Je reçois! Je reçois!
1741:By 1:30 pm, the
1726:
1705:
1695:
1677:
1593:
1568:
1557:
1531:
1490:
1463:
1395:
1350:departments of France
1323:
1296:Coronation of Charles
1228:
1075:Revolutionary victory
1005:surrender in May 1814
910:révolution de Juillet
136:Knowledge:Translation
107:copyright attribution
4186:Rebellions in France
3977:Lafayette Escadrille
3919:New York City statue
3897:Lafayette, Louisiana
3862:Lafayette Land Grant
3850:Château de Chavaniac
3819:New York City parade
3744:Assembly of Notables
3693:Battle of Gloucester
3688:Battle of Brandywine
3680:French frigate
3131:World Heritage Sites
3048:Coronavirus pandemic
2542:Collins, Irene, ed.
2305:Fortescue, William.
2033:Bourgeois revolution
1848:Place de la Bastille
1517:Place de la Bastille
1388:Monday, 26 July 1830
1127:Government of France
1025:Viscount Castlereagh
900:, also known as the
706:Provisional Republic
488:Valois-Orléans kings
32:For other uses, see
4201:Revolutions of 1830
3824:Philadelphia parade
3673:American Revolution
3269:Automotive industry
3053:2021 labor protests
2810:Peace of Westphalia
2678:History of Normandy
2673:History of Brittany
2015:Jean-Baptiste Goyet
1996:Jean-Baptiste Goyet
1787:Archbishop's Palace
1601:Jean-Victor Schnetz
1529:One witness wrote:
1521:Mort aux Ministres!
1445:Ă€ bas les Bourbons!
1397:Scenes of July 1830
1280:Chamber of Deputies
1186:Emperor Alexander I
973:popular sovereignty
235:The July Revolution
185:Revolutions of 1830
179:Bourbon Restoration
173:
4139:Order of Lafayette
4038:Jefferson in Paris
3971:Los Angeles statue
3959:Lafayette Memorial
3925:LaFayette Fountain
3713:Battle of Monmouth
3336:Telecommunications
3038:2015 Paris attacks
2901:Revolution of 1848
2729:Visigothic Kingdom
2418:Review of Politics
2309:(Routledge, 2004).
2291:Berenson, Edward.
2206:Journal d'un poète
2204:de Vigny, Alfred,
1977:Eugène Lepoittevin
1962:Eugène Lepoittevin
1943:Eugène Lepoittevin
1921:Eugène Lepoittevin
1902:Eugène Lepoittevin
1882:overthrown in 1848
1863:Kingdom of Belgium
1813:
1735:
1704:
1604:
1575:" can be heard....
1564:
1505:Place du Carrousel
1497:
1431:Le Constitutionnel
1419:Journal des débats
1405:
1342:Address of the 221
1326:
1285:Le Constitutionnel
1253:Anti-Sacrilege Act
1237:
1009:Congress of Vienna
955:, to another, the
859:History portal
355: until 50 BC
165:
115:interlanguage link
4176:Conflicts in 1830
4153:
4152:
4093:(2024 miniseries)
3912:Lafayette College
3858:(home and museum)
3737:French Revolution
3723:Siege of Yorktown
3606:
3605:
3568:
3567:
3359:
3358:
3246:
3245:
3238:Political parties
3174:Foreign relations
3139:
3138:
3068:
3067:
2851:French Revolution
2805:Thirty Years' War
2786:Absolute monarchy
2751:Kingdom of France
2647:Foreign relations
2627:Political history
2487:(Springer, 2013).
2483:Rader, Daniel L.
1871:November Uprising
1783:Palais de Justice
1747:duchesse de Berry
1701:Hippolyte Lecomte
1616:Palais de Justice
1215:Charles X's reign
1192:, represented by
1182:
1181:
1102:
1101:
1063:Kingdom of France
1017:Prince Metternich
1001:Napoleonic France
893:
892:
844:France portal
737:
736:
634:
633:
545:Kingdom of France
535:French Revolution
526:Long 19th century
516:
515:
464:
463:
434:Kingdom of France
369:
368:
277:
276:
147:
146:
80:
16:(Redirected from
4223:
4211:Louis Philippe I
4191:July 1830 events
3948:Lafayette dollar
3667:
3647:Principal author
3633:
3626:
3619:
3610:
3609:
3370:
3369:
3286:Economic history
3257:
3256:
3150:
3149:
3079:
3078:
2957:
2936:
2835:Seven Years' War
2800:Wars of Religion
2796:
2781:House of Bourbon
2776:Early modern era
2756:Fundamental laws
2632:Military history
2607:
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2584:
2577:
2570:
2561:
2560:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2498:
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2449:
2412:
2378:
2323:Howarth, T.E.B.
2320:
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2253:
2241:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2202:
2196:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2178:
2173:Olivier, Juste,
2171:
2165:
2160:Olivier, Juste,
2158:
2152:
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2011:
1992:
1973:
1958:
1939:
1917:
1898:
1829:House of Orléans
1821:Duke of Bordeaux
1743:Tuileries Palace
1631:Jacques Laffitte
1476:Préfet de police
1399:, a painting by
1378:
1292:Chamber of Peers
1175:
1165:
1164:
1154:
1153:
1143:
1142:
1126:
1118:
1117:
1084:Louis Philippe I
1043:
1042:
1034:
1033:
969:hereditary right
965:House of Orléans
922:
920:Trois Glorieuses
885:
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871:
857:
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733:
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445:Direct Capetians
384:
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204:Eugène Delacroix
195:
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169:Trois Glorieuses
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120:
93:Google Translate
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4127:
4096:
4065:(2015 musical,
3989:
3954:Mount Lafayette
3878:
3871:
3867:Picpus Cemetery
3838:
3802:
3797:July Revolution
3770:Society of 1789
3732:
3668:
3659:
3642:
3637:
3607:
3602:
3601:
3582:
3564:
3545:Public holidays
3458:
3417:Life expectancy
3355:
3242:
3135:
3064:
3033:Great Recession
3006:Fourth Republic
3001:1900 to present
2989:
2906:Second Republic
2870:
2839:
2762:
2715:
2682:
2661:
2596:
2588:
2539:
2537:Primary sources
2526:
2524:
2383:Pilbeam, Pamela
2349:Pilbeam, Pamela
2285:
2269:
2267:Further reading
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1950:
1940:
1931:
1918:
1909:
1899:
1890:
1855:August uprising
1799:
1709:Alfred de Vigny
1690:
1581:Auguste Marmont
1552:
1485:
1449:Vive la Charte!
1390:
1385:
1365:July Ordinances
1358:Ultra-royalists
1300:Reims Cathedral
1260:1789 Revolution
1223:
1217:
1209:Charter of 1814
1184:represented by
1159:
1158:
1156:Jacques Lafitte
1148:
1147:
1137:
1119:Revolutionaries
1112:
1065:
1049:26-29 July 1830
1037:July Revolution
1013:Austrian Empire
997:
902:July Revolution
895:
889:
853:
851:
838:
836:
831:
739:
738:
731:
716:Fourth Republic
697:
664:Interwar period
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595:Second Republic
528:
518:
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219:26–29 July 1830
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4171:1830 in France
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4054:Liberty's Kids
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3902:Fort Lafayette
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3018:Fifth Republic
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2861:First Republic
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2856:Napoleonic era
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2463:(4): 755–778.
2450:
2424:(4): 490–506.
2413:
2395:(4): 831–844.
2379:
2361:(2): 319–338.
2345:
2343:online edition
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2275:Louis-Philippe
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2249:978-0691052021
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1951:
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1932:
1919:
1912:
1910:
1900:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1878:June Rebellion
1825:Louis Philippe
1798:
1795:
1771:HĂ´tel de Ville
1689:
1686:
1639:Étienne Gérard
1635:Casimir Perier
1620:HĂ´tel de Ville
1560:HĂ´tel de Ville
1558:Taking of the
1551:
1548:
1484:
1481:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1298:took place at
1264:
1263:
1256:
1234:Robert Lefèvre
1219:Main article:
1216:
1213:
1180:
1179:
1169:
1145:Adolphe Thiers
1134:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1120:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1087:
1081:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1039:
1038:
1029:Russian Empire
1003:'s defeat and
996:
993:
938:Louis Philippe
891:
890:
888:
887:
880:
873:
865:
862:
861:
833:
832:
830:
829:
824:
819:
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807:
797:
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780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
749:
746:
745:
741:
740:
735:
734:
728:
726:Fifth Republic
722:
721:
718:
712:
711:
708:
702:
701:
698:
696:
695:
690:
684:
681:
680:
677:
670:
669:
666:
659:
658:
655:
653:Third Republic
647:
642:
641:
638:
637:
632:
631:
628:
621:
620:
617:
615:Third Republic
611:
610:
607:
601:
600:
597:
591:
590:
587:
581:
580:
577:
571:
570:
567:
561:
560:
557:
555:First Republic
551:
550:
547:
541:
540:
537:
529:
524:
523:
520:
519:
514:
513:
510:
504:
503:
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494:
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477:
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468:
467:
462:
461:
458:
451:
450:
447:
440:
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436:
430:
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418:
415:
409:
408:
405:
399:
398:
395:
382:
377:
376:
373:
372:
367:
366:
365:50 BC – 486 AD
363:
357:
356:
353:
347:
346:
345:600 BC – 49 BC
343:
341:Greek colonies
337:
336:
333:
325:
320:
319:
316:
315:
309:
308:
300:
299:
290:
289:
282:
275:
274:
272:
271:
266:constitutional
262:Louis Philippe
258:
254:Abdication of
251:
249:
245:
244:
243:French society
241:
237:
236:
233:
229:
228:
225:
221:
220:
217:
213:
212:
196:
188:
187:
145:
144:
140:
139:
132:
121:
99:
96:
85:
82:
68:
67:
66:
64:
57:
41:June Rebellion
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4228:
4217:
4216:July Monarchy
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
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4145:
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4130:
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4117:
4114:
4111:
4108:
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4099:
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4083:
4079:
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4040:
4039:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4009:" (1918 song)
4008:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3986:
3985:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3972:
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3726:
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3689:
3686:
3684:
3683:
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3666:
3655:
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3620:
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3611:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
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3579:
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3571:
3561:
3558:
3556:
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3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
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3442:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3382:Birth control
3380:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3249:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3157:Constitutions
3155:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2954:Années folles
2950:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2916:Second Empire
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2894:July Monarchy
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2793:Ancien RĂ©gime
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2674:
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2655:
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2648:
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2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2585:
2580:
2578:
2573:
2571:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2512:(in German).
2511:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2284:2-2135-9222-5
2280:
2276:
2271:
2270:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2232:
2231:
2219:
2214:
2207:
2201:
2192:
2183:
2176:
2170:
2163:
2157:
2148:
2139:
2132:
2126:
2117:
2115:
2105:
2096:
2088:
2081:
2074:. p. 70.
2073:
2066:
2057:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1933:
1930:
1927:no. 2, 1830,
1926:
1922:
1916:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1846:, located on
1845:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1833:July Monarchy
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1811:
1810:Horace Vernet
1807:
1803:
1794:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1732:
1731:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1712:
1710:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1644:
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1636:
1632:
1627:
1625:
1621:
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1613:
1609:
1602:
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1588:
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1561:
1556:
1547:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1513:Place VendĂ´me
1510:
1506:
1502:
1494:
1489:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1470:
1468:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1455:Armand Carrel
1452:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1380:
1377:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1311:Champ de Mars
1308:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1274:
1268:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
992:
991:descendants.
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
957:July Monarchy
954:
950:
945:
943:
939:
935:
932:, the French
931:
927:
923:
921:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
886:
881:
879:
874:
872:
867:
866:
864:
863:
860:
849:
845:
835:
834:
828:
825:
823:
820:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
801:
798:
796:
793:
789:
786:
785:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
748:
747:
743:
742:
729:
727:
724:
723:
719:
717:
714:
713:
709:
707:
704:
703:
699:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
683:
682:
678:
676:
675:Années folles
672:
671:
667:
665:
661:
660:
656:
654:
651:
650:
645:
640:
639:
629:
627:
623:
622:
618:
616:
613:
612:
608:
606:
605:Second Empire
603:
602:
598:
596:
593:
592:
588:
586:
585:July Monarchy
583:
582:
578:
576:
573:
572:
568:
566:
563:
562:
558:
556:
553:
552:
548:
546:
543:
542:
538:
536:
533:
532:
527:
522:
521:
511:
509:
508:Bourbon kings
506:
505:
501:
499:
496:
495:
491:
489:
486:
485:
482:
481:
480:Ancien RĂ©gime
475:
470:
469:
459:
457:
453:
452:
448:
446:
442:
441:
437:
435:
432:
431:
427:
425:
421:
420:
416:
414:
411:
410:
406:
404:
401:
400:
396:
393:
389:
386:
385:
380:
375:
374:
364:
362:
359:
358:
354:
352:
349:
348:
344:
342:
339:
338:
334:
332:
329:
328:
323:
318:
317:
314:
311:
310:
306:
302:
301:
298:
292:
291:
286:
281:
280:
270:
269:July Monarchy
267:
263:
260:Ascension of
259:
257:
253:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
232:Also known as
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
209:
205:
201:
200:
194:
189:
186:
180:
175:
171:
170:
161:
157:
156:
155:Infobox event
152:
137:
133:
130:
122:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
97:
94:
90:
86:
84:
83:
76:
74:
69:You can help
65:
56:
55:
50:
46:
42:
35:
30:
19:
4088:
4080:
4072:
4060:
4052:
4044:
4036:
4028:
4022:Valley Forge
4020:
4012:
3983:
3830:
3807:Other events
3796:
3774:
3698:Valley Forge
3681:
3487:Coat of arms
3477:Architecture
3449:Social class
3407:Homelessness
3392:Demographics
3346:Trade unions
3279:Central bank
3221:criminal law
3184:Human rights
3167:presidential
3011:Algerian War
2994:Contemporary
2968:Vichy France
2963:World War II
2933:Belle Époque
2866:First Empire
2768:Early Modern
2739:West Francia
2550:
2543:
2525:. Retrieved
2507:
2493:
2484:
2460:
2454:
2421:
2417:
2392:
2386:
2358:
2352:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2315:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2274:
2258:
2237:
2217:
2213:
2205:
2200:
2191:
2182:
2174:
2169:
2161:
2156:
2147:
2138:
2130:
2125:
2104:
2095:
2086:
2080:
2071:
2065:
2056:
2047:
2018:
1999:
1980:
1946:
1924:
1905:
1875:
1852:
1841:
1814:
1805:
1791:
1779:objets d'art
1778:
1768:
1760:Swiss Guards
1750:
1740:
1736:
1730:Palais-Royal
1727:
1716:
1714:
1706:
1696:
1683:
1678:
1674:
1669:
1665:
1660:Jeanne d'Arc
1658:
1651:
1646:
1628:
1624:Garde Royale
1623:
1612:Palais Royal
1608:Garde Royale
1607:
1605:
1595:
1585:Garde Royale
1584:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1544:street lamps
1541:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1520:
1501:Garde Royale
1500:
1498:
1492:
1474:
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985:Bonapartists
961:cadet branch
951:, under the
946:
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901:
897:
894:
847:
805:Christianity
693:Vichy France
644:20th century
626:Belle Époque
565:First Empire
478:
474:Early modern
424:West Francia
413:Carolingians
403:Merovingians
240:Participants
197:
177:Part of the
168:
153:
111:edit summary
102:
70:
29:
4085:(2021 book)
4077:(2015 book)
4041:(1995 film)
4033:(1989 film)
4025:(1975 film)
4017:(1961 film)
3936:1891 statue
3597:WikiProject
3412:Immigration
3402:Health care
3264:Agriculture
3216:enforcement
2973:Free France
2942:World War I
2889:Restoration
2876:Late Modern
2746:Middle Ages
2721:Middle Ages
2706:Celtic Gaul
2555:online free
2527:21 February
1873:in Poland.
1844:July Column
1837:Legitimists
1670:ordonnances
1666:ordonnances
1662:en culottes
1655:de Polignac
1647:ordonnances
1637:, Generals
1507:facing the
1493:Le National
1459:Le National
1437:Le National
1425:Le Moniteur
1370:Le Moniteur
1205:Louis XVIII
977:Legitimists
971:by that of
758:Health care
688:Free France
575:Restoration
379:Middle Ages
351:Celtic Gaul
294:History of
208:allegorical
149:‹ The
49:July Crisis
4160:Categories
4014:La Fayette
3877:Honors and
3831:Brandywine
3540:Philosophy
3525:Literature
3437:secularism
3233:Parliament
3028:2005 riots
2978:Liberation
2844:Revolution
2711:Roman Gaul
2696:Prehistory
2652:Journalism
2039:References
1618:, and the
1515:, and the
995:Background
989:Napoleon's
981:Orléanists
394:settlement
361:Roman Gaul
331:Prehistory
4067:2020 film
3984:Lafayette
3982:USS
3879:memorials
3829:USS
3397:Education
3351:Transport
3201:Judiciary
3162:Elections
3116:Mountains
3074:Geography
2820:Louis XIV
2610:Overviews
2522:704840169
2516:, Mainz.
2497:(Thesis).
2477:154214035
2446:143524193
2409:154242989
2375:154412637
1867:Brunswick
1536:Pont Neuf
1509:Tuileries
1331:Rhineland
1249:Eucharist
1230:Charles X
1177:Charles X
930:Charles X
926:the first
827:Territory
720:1946–1958
710:1944–1946
700:1940–1944
679:1920–1929
668:1919–1939
657:1870–1940
630:1871–1914
619:1870–1940
609:1852–1870
599:1848–1852
589:1830–1848
579:1814–1830
569:1804–1814
559:1792–1804
549:1791–1792
539:1789–1799
512:1589–1792
502:1515–1589
492:1498–1515
460:1328–1498
256:Charles X
158:is being
129:talk page
75:in French
45:July Days
4124:(father)
4090:Franklin
4062:Hamilton
4046:Liberty!
3682:Hermione
3587:Category
3520:Language
3432:Religion
3377:Abortion
3331:Taxation
3228:Military
3189:Intersex
3179:Politics
3145:Politics
2947:Interwar
2642:Economic
2637:Language
2622:Timeline
2131:MĂ©moires
2027:See also
1717:révoltés
1346:Polignac
1054:Location
822:Taxation
800:Religion
795:Politics
788:Consorts
783:Monarchs
778:Military
773:Medicine
449:987–1328
438:987–1792
392:Frankish
390:and the
313:Timeline
285:a series
283:Part of
224:Location
162:. ›
151:template
105:provide
4132:Related
3578:Outline
3560:Theatre
3555:Symbols
3515:Gardens
3505:Fashion
3497:Cuisine
3464:Culture
3454:Welfare
3427:Poverty
3365:Society
3341:Tourism
3301:Exports
3274:Banking
3252:Economy
3211:history
3106:Islands
3101:Borders
2734:Francia
2688:Ancient
2666:Regions
2617:History
2602:History
2438:1405706
2327:(1975).
2228:Sources
2021:, 1830.
2002:, 1830.
1888:Gallery
1827:of the
1817:Dauphin
1680:orders.
1309:in the
1190:Prussia
1091:Belgium
934:Bourbon
815:Judaism
753:Economy
732:present
428:843–987
417:751–987
407:481–751
388:Francia
322:Ancient
248:Outcome
127:to the
109:in the
4146:(2002)
4112:(wife)
4102:Family
3994:Legacy
3973:(1937)
3967:(1921)
3961:(1917)
3950:(1899)
3927:(1887)
3921:(1876)
3799:(1830)
3746:(1787)
3656:(1789)
3592:Portal
3492:Cinema
3472:Anthem
3444:Racism
3422:People
3316:Mining
3291:Energy
3126:Rivers
3091:Cities
3023:May 68
2594:topics
2591:France
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1797:Result
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1070:Result
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999:After
963:, the
906:French
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744:Topics
456:Valois
397:
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296:France
287:on the
227:France
4118:(son)
3550:Sport
3535:Music
3530:Media
3387:Crime
3111:Lakes
2473:S2CID
2442:S2CID
2434:JSTOR
2405:S2CID
2371:S2CID
1808:, by
1699:, by
1599:, by
1467:force
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1059:Paris
916:, or
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768:LGBTQ
730:1958–
206:: an
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3843:Life
3510:Flag
3296:Euro
3194:LGBT
2529:2013
2518:OCLC
2279:ISBN
2244:ISBN
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